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Статті в журналах з теми "Rectification column"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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1

Klykov, M. V., and T. V. Alushkina. "Development of Technological Schemes for Increasing the Selection of Vacuum Gas Oil." Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 625, no. 3 (2021): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32935/0023-1169-2021-625-3-17-20.

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Анотація:

The analysis of the operation of the vacuum columns of the ELOU AVT units showed that in a number of cases the half-gas contains up to 30% of vacuum gas oil with a boiling point of up to 560 ° C. A comparative analysis of three options for deepening the selection of heavy vacuum gas oil during the distillation of fuel oil has been carried out. A traditional scheme with a pressure reduction at the top of the vacuum column, the rectification of a half-sludge without heating it after the main vacuum column in an additional its subsequent rectification in the second column, with the selection of heavy vacuum gas oil. The analysis of the operation of the vacuum column of the vacuum rectification unit ELOU AVT-6 was carried out. The process was simulated in the environment of the software product Aspen HYSYS, the possibility of increasing the selection of heavy vacuum gas oil in the process of deep vacuum rectification of tar was theoretically proved. The advantages and disadvantages of two-column vacuum distillation of fuel oil are considered. Structural design of the rectification column and raw material input device is proposed.

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2

Kh Kurbangaleeva, M. "Improving the Safety of the Rectification Unit for the Production of Alkylphenols." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 988, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 022007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/988/2/022007.

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Abstract As a result of the study, the analysis of occurrence of fire hazardous situation during the operation of rectification column of production facility of one of the city’s enterprises was carried out. This installation refers to facilities for which additional safety requirements are imposed. The main danger of the operation of rectification columns and their piping used at the installation is thefear of depressurization and theinitiation of gas contamination and fire situation on the site. As theresult of the fire, the rectification column and supporting metal structures can be in flame or be under the influence of thermal radiation from the flame in adjacent column, which can lead to the collapse of structures or to losses of bearing capacity under the influence of high temperatures. Depending on the height of the column, the water supply system can have different ways of distributing water: at small height of the column, manual water nozzles are used with the use of fire hydrants; at considerable height of the columns, stationary water irrigation systems (irrigation rings) are used.

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3

Jaric, Marko, Sanja Petronic, Nikola Budimir, Katarina Colic, and Lazar Jeremic. "Analysis of the estimated remaining service life of gas rectification columns." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2021): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci201214083j.

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Анотація:

Gas rectification columns are process apparatuses which are very important part of each onshore plant. Sudden failure of these types of columns causes huge daily losses, while fluid leakage can be very dangerous for the people and hazardous for the environment. For that reason, a regular and correct examination of the column is of great importance for the continual process of leading. Together with the detailed examination of the column, a risk-based inspection was applied to maximize savings, both material, time, and costs. The expected remaining service life of rectification columns was also analyzed, while the corrosion rates were calculated according to the various international standards. The minimum required column wall thickness was calculated according to the most commonly used international standard and the obtained difference was analyzed. Detailed analysis of the total risks of the column due to potential failure is presented.

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4

Petronić, Sanja, Katarina Čolić, Arko Jarić, Nebojša Ćurčić, Zijah Burzić, and Svetozar Sofijanić. "Safety factors in wall thickness calculation of rectification columns." Scientific Technical Review 71, no. 1 (2021): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/str2101003p.

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Анотація:

Gas rectification columns are a very important part of each onshore plant. Their sudden failures cause huge losses on a daily basis, while fluid leakage can be very dangerous to people and environment. For that reason, the proper design of the column is of huge importance, among the others safety factors as well. In this paper, the wall thickness measure is presented with the aim to calculate corrosion rate and remaining life of rectification columns. The minimum required column wall thickness was calculated according to the most commonly used international standard and the obtained difference was analyzed.

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5

Markowski, Mariusz, and Sandra Storczyk. "Minimum Compressor Shaftwork in the Refrigeration System Thermally Coupled with a Rectification Column Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 797 (November 2015): 415–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.797.415.

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There is considered the thermal separation of hydrocarbon mixtures using the rectification columns coupled, via a heat exchanger network, with a refrigeration circuit. Using the approach based on Pinch Technology, the minimum is sought of compressor shaftwork in the refrigeration system. The objective function is defined as the entropy increment resulting from the heat exchange in the heat exchanger network. The decision variables are the temperature levels of heat sinks and sources in the refrigeration cycle. An algorithm is proposed for determining the optimal values of the temperature levels of heat sources and sinks corresponding to the minimum of compressor shaftwork. The rectification columns are modeled using the ideal column approach. The numerical simulation is carried out by performing composite curves and selecting temperature levels in the refrigeration system so as to minimise the objective function. The test example is solved for a mixture of selected hydrocarbons (ethane, ethene, propene) to be separated in a sequence of rectification columns coupled with a refrigeration system. Assuming that structure of the rectification column network is known, process parameters are determined for minimum compressor shaftwork. Numerical results of the test example are presented.

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6

Natig Abbasov, Natig Abbasov, and Rufet Ezizli Rufet Ezizli. "IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE STABILIZATION COLUMNS IN OIL AND GAS PROCESSING." ETM - Equipment, Technologies, Materials 10, no. 02 (April 2, 2022): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/etm10022022-81.

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Анотація:

Rectification process is widely used in oil and gas processing and petrochemistry. The composition of the bottom product of the rectification column usually differs from the equilibrium composition due to significantly higher content of light components or fractions. This stipulates a necessity to include into the technological schemes of several oil refining processes a stabilization unit that are meant to ensure separation of gases and liquid products. A highly relevant task is to explore new possibilities for improving the stabilization process. The aim of the present work was to improve the stabilization process by changing the operating pressure. It was found that increasing the pressure in the stabilization column enhanced the sharpness of separation of butanes from pentanes, which resulted in improving the quality of the products. The experimental-industrial runs confirmed the possibility of increasing the efficiency of stabilization columns in various processes by increasing the pressure within acceptable limits. Keywords: rectification process, sharpness of separation, stabilization column, pressure.

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7

Ibragimova, Ramilya, Vitaliy Afanasenko, Gleb Kudryavtsev, and Denis Mazidullin. "Use of numerical modeling methods in desing of combined rectification column." MATEC Web of Conferences 298 (2019): 00070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929800070.

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Анотація:

The article is devoted to the study of methods for modeling the operation of rectification columns using the HYSIS application software package. Such studies are very important not only for design, but also for the functioning of existing industries. The article proposes to use for combining nozzle devices in the concentration part of the column, and plate-shaped structures in the distant part of the column for more efficient and stable operation of distillation columns. To determine the hydrodynamic parameters of the operation of distillation column, a technique of determining the range of stable loads and the position of the operating point inside or outside the range of stable loads was taken. A column model was constructed using the HYSYS software package for separating gas mixtures with various contact devices: sieve trays, Rashig ring nozzles. Experiments for the same type and combined contact devices were carried out and their comparison was carried out in terms of hydraulic calculation and operating range. As a result of experiments with the use of the HYSYS software package, it was shown that the combined arrangement of contact devices can provide a stable hydraulic mode, in contrast to the use of similar contact devices.

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8

Bulii, Y. V., O. M. Obodovych, and V. V. Sydorenko. "INCREASING THE DEGREE OF EXTRACTION OF ORGANIC IMPURITIES OF RECTIFIED ALCOHOL." Thermophysics and Thermal Power Engineering 43, no. 1 (March 4, 2021): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31472/ttpe.1.2021.8.

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Obtaining high quality rectified ethyl alcohol is a priority for the further development of the alcohol industry. The solution to this urgent problem is possible under the condition of deeper extraction and concentration of volatile alcohol impurities on the plates of the column equipment of the Distillation/Rectification Unit. In the columns of the Distillation/Rectification Unit simultaneously with the release of volatile alcohol impurities due to the esterification reaction is the formation of organic compounds that degrade its quality and reduce the yield of the final product. Thus, during the interaction of alcohols, acids, and aldehydes, the breakdown products of amino acids, sulfur compounds, and other components of the brew in the fermentation column are the formation of esters, aldehydes, and acetals of organic acids. The aim of the work was to determine the optimal technological modes of distillation of alcohol-containing intermediate products and by-products of the distillation/rectification process in the accelerating column, epuration of wash distillate in the epuration column, the concentration of rectified alcohol in the alcohol column, and its repeated epuration in the column of final clearance, under which the content of organic impurities in rectified ethyl alcohol would be the lowest. Materials and methods. Research methods were analytical, chemical, physico-chemical with the use of instruments and research methods used in the production of rectified ethyl alcohol. The concentration of volatile alcohol impurities was determined on a gas chromatograph with a column of HP FFAP 50 m × 0.32 m. It is determined that to increase the degree of extraction of organic impurities it is necessary to ensure the concentration of ethyl alcohol in the column bottom of the accelerating column, which does not exceed 4% vol.; pasteurization zone in the rectification column increase to 10 plates, reduce the concentration of ethanol in the epurate to 22-29% by hydroselection of impurities; for hydroselection in the epuration column use free of impurities bottom products of the accelerating column. To improve the quality of rectified alcohol and reduce energy consumption by extending the contact time on the plates of steam and liquid, a promising direction is the use of mass transfer equipment of cyclic mode. The proposed measures require constant monitoring of technological parameters and provide for the operation of technological equipment in an automated mode.

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9

Voinov, Nikolay Aleksandrovich, Denis Andreyevich Zemtsov, Anastasiya Viktorovna Bogatkova, and Nina Vladimirovna Deryagina. "INTENSIFICATION OF HEAT EXCHANGE IN DIABATIC RECTIFICATION COLUMNS." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 4 (December 21, 2020): 511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2020048580.

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The heat exchange in a diabatic column was investigated during the rectification of an ethanol-water mixture, in which partial condensation of rising vapors on the surface of vertical heat exchange tubes installed vertically along the height of the installation was carried out, as well as the evaporation of intermediate condensate on the surface of horizontal plates. Based on the review of diabatic columns, it is shown that they can reduce the cost of conducting the rectification process. Heat-exchange devices placed on trays of rectification units are considered and ways to intensify heat transfer in them are proposed. It has been established that the most efficient heat removal in heat exchangers of diabatic columns is achieved when using a film flow of a coolant on a heat transfer surface. Heat transfer in a diabatic column is investigated during gravitational flow of surfaces of heat exchange tubes, as well as when organizing an ascending and descending co-current film flow, both in the case of heating and boiling of the coolant. To intensify heat transfer in the coolant film, a helical artificial roughness was installed on the surface of the pipes, made in the form of a wire spiral tightly mounted on the heat transfer surface. The geometric parameters of the helical roughness, such as the distance between the turns of the spiral and the height of the wire, which have the greatest influence on the intensity of heat transfer, have been established. Dependences for determining the value of the heat transfer coefficient are presented and an estimate of the value of the specific heat flux in the diabatic column is given.

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10

Zhang, Zheng Hui, and Qiu Chen. "Studies on Citronellal Extract Column Reflux Ratio and Theoretical Plate Number Design." Advanced Materials Research 773 (September 2013): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.773.331.

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Анотація:

In this paper, the batch rectification operation is adopted to keep distillate constituting constant high vacuum, in the operation process, the operation of variable reflux ratio is carries out. Through studying the relational system of reflux ratio, column top product composition, rectification time and theoretical plate number, when the concentration of citronellal extract column product is 99%, the appropriate reflux ratio is 0.8-15, and the graphic method is used to design13 pieces of theoretical plate number of citronellal extract column, providing powerful data support for the process design of citronellal extract column.

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11

Rosendorf, P., M. Kubiček, and J. Schöngut. "On-line optimization of a rectification column." Computers & Chemical Engineering 12, no. 2-3 (February 1988): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-1354(88)85027-0.

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12

Popov, S. V., N. Y. Krymkin, O. V. Khabibrakhmanov, and E. N. Papulovskikh. "Reconstruction of the hardware design for isopropylbenzene production for the production of ethylbenzene." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 83, no. 2 (September 27, 2021): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2021-2-184-190.

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The hardware design of the rectification unit for the production of isopropylbenzene in the presence of the AlCl3 catalyst is considered, the use of which has a number of problems associated with its corrosiveness, rapid deactivation, the complexity of regeneration, etc. One of the possible solutions to the listed technological disadvantages is the use of heterogeneous zeolite-containing catalysts. In this case, during the reconstruction of the existing production of isopropylbenzene in the technological scheme of separation of alkylate, three rectification columns are released, which are expediently used to separate the alkylate of ethylbenzene production. To study the possibility of using the discharging distillation columns, a computational experiment was carried out using the Honeywell UniSim Design modeling system, in which a model of the alkylate separation unit for ethylbenzene production was formed. The NRTL method was used as a mathematical package for calculating the thermodynamic properties of the mixture components. As a result of modeling the operation of the alkylate separation unit for each distillation column, the optimal operating process parameters were obtained: pressure of the top and bottom of the column, reflux ratio, temperature profile along the height of the column. The calculated material balance of the technological scheme shows that in the first distillation column, complete separation of benzene from the alkylation reaction mass is achieved, the second column ensures the production of commercial ethylbenzene, and in the third column, a fairly clear separation of diethylbenzene from the remaining components of the mixture is obtained. The performed computational experiment showed that for the organization of the stable operation of the technological scheme for the separation of alkylate in the production of ethylbenzene, it is possible to use all the considered distillation columns without changing their design parameters at a load on the reaction mass of alkylation of about 60 t / h.

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13

Sheikus, Anton, Vadym Kovalenko, Valerii Kotok, Igor Levchuk, Olena Bilobrova, and Larisa Darovskih. "OPTIMIZATION OF RECTIFICATION PROCESS USING MOBILE CONTROL ACTION WITH ACCOUNT FOR CRITERION OF MAXIMIZING SEPARATION QUALITY." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering, no. 6 (November 30, 2020): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2020.001503.

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Анотація:

The use of mobile control action allows the improvement of technical-economical characteristics of the rectification process and allows for operation regimes that can’t be achieved with traditional control approaches. Mobility lies in the ability to choose the movement law of compound source and energy in the spatial region of apparatus. Mobile control over the rectification process can be realized by changing the column feed point. An optimal number of feed trays must be determined with consideration of cost and output performance, and also the quality of the target product. The work aimed to develop a method for calculating optimal control action, including mobile ones, on the rectification process with additional account for the criterion of maximizing quality of target product, and also, comparison of static column profiles that are optimal by different criteria. Mathematical modeling of the rectification column for separation of water-methanol mixture revealed that increasing quality requirements to target products decreases the number of the optimal feed tray. A method was described for process optimization by the normalized criterion that accounts for separation quality and power consumption. The method was used to determine optimal values of traditional (flows of heat into the column's cube and phlegm) and mobile (feed tray number) control actions that provide the best technical-economical parameters of the rectification column. A proof is presented for the existence and uniqueness of solutions for this optimization problem and the effectiveness of using mobile actions for different requirements to target. The optimal temperature profile of the culms was studied and their characteristic features that correspond to different specific and normalized optimization criteria were found

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14

Popov, A. A., A. K. Ovsyankin, E. M. Gritsenko, T. V. Doronina, and E. D. Motsenko. "The improvement in technology of rectification column calculation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 548 (September 2, 2020): 062007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/548/6/062007.

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15

Gel'perin, N. I., L. M. Polotskii, M. S. Lenskii, A. A. Migai, and O. Yu Golant. "Rectification column contact equipment operating under cyclic conditions." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 21, no. 3 (March 1985): 133–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01154884.

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16

Shvalev, Egor, Mihail Bahmatov, and Daniil Oleynik. "REDUCTING THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF THE BUTYL ALCOHOL PLANT BY ELIMINATING THE COLUMN." Modern Technologies and Scientific and Technological Progress 1, no. 1 (May 17, 2021): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-9896-2021-1-1-92-94.

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Анотація:

A large consumption of energy resources of petrochemical plant ANHK is account ed by the rectification of butyl alcohols (more than 65% industrial water and about 40% steam). In or der to reduce energy consumption, it was decided to exclude one of the columns from operation at the stage of rectification butyl alcohols. As a result, the consumption of energy resources was reduced.

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17

Hands, C. H. G., and F. R. Whitt. "Design of packed distillation columns. III. Rectification film resistances in a packed column." Journal of Applied Chemistry 1, no. 2 (May 4, 2007): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5010010202.

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18

Wang, Jia Yang, Zuo Yong Li, Bi Zhang, and Wei Liu. "The Impact of Reflux Ratio on Rectification Column Theoretical Plate Number." Advanced Materials Research 418-420 (December 2011): 577–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.418-420.577.

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Анотація:

In this paper, the computer-aided calculation is introduced to study the influences of the reflux ratio on the theoretical plate number of rectification column. It is found that the number of theoretical plates of rectification column is increasing as the decreasing of the reflux ratio, which is mainly caused by the increasing of the plate number in rectifying section. On the other hand, it is found that when reflux ratio is reduced in small interval, the theoretical plate number is increased in a zigzag shape. This interesting phenomenon is analyzed in depth and a reasonable explanation is given.

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19

Tsirlin, A. M., and I. A. Sukin. "REALIZABILITY FIELD AND AUTOMATIC OPTIMIZATION OF BINARY RECTIFICATION COLUMN." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 59, no. 1 (June 7, 2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/tcct.20165901.5094.

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Анотація:

It was shown that the dependence of maximal productivity of binary rectification column on heat consumption taking into account the irreversibility of heat and mass transfer can be charaterized with two generalized parameters. The system of automatic supporting of column regime corresponding to its maximum productivety was proposed.

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20

Kállai, Viktória, Gábor L. Szepesi, and Péter Mizsey. "Dynamic Simulation Control in a Cryogenic Distillation Column." Pollack Periodica 15, no. 3 (November 7, 2020): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/606.2020.15.3.9.

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Chemical industry has a high demand for ethylene quantity, especially with high quality. This paper discusses dynamic simulation models of an ethaneethylene high-pressure cryogenic rectification column with Unisim Design process simulator software. Distillation is one of the most essential technologies in chemical industry, it is important that the operation of the procedure can be modeled not only in steady-state mode but also in a dynamic way. The goal during this study is to make simulations with system-controlling and to investigate the effect the disturbance on the behavior of the columns.

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21

Li, Hongshen, Hongrui Liu, Yufang Li, Jilin Nan, Chen Shi, and Shizhong Li. "Combined Vapor Permeation and Continuous Solid-State Distillation for Energy-Efficient Bioethanol Production." Energies 14, no. 8 (April 17, 2021): 2266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082266.

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Extracting ethanol by steam directly from fermented solid-state bagasse is an emerging technology of energy-efficient bioethanol production. With continuous solid-state distillation (CSSD) approach, the vapor with more than 25 wt% ethanol flows out of the column. Conventionally, the vapor was concentrated to azeotrope by rectification column, which contributes most of the energy consumption in ethanol production. As an alternative, a process integrating CSSD and vapor permeation (VP) membrane separation was tested. In light of existing industrial application of NaA zeolite hydrophilic membrane for dehydration, the prospect of replacing rectification operation with hydrophobic membrane for ethanol enriching was mainly analyzed in this paper. The separation performance of a commercial PDMS/PVDF membrane in a wide range of ethanol–water-vapor binary mixture was evaluated in the experiment. The correlation of the separation factor and permeate flux at different transmembrane driving force was measured. The mass and energy flow sheet of proposed VP case and rectification case were estimated respectively with process simulation software based on experimental data. Techno-economic analysis on both cases was performed. The results demonstrated that the additional VP membrane cost was higher than the rectification column, but a lower utilities cost was required for VP. The discount payback period of supplementary cost for VP case was determined as 1.81 years compared with the membrane service lifetime of 3 years, indicating that the hybrid CSSD-VP process was more cost effective and energy efficient.

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22

Zakharov, M. K., and A. A. Shvets. "DEPENDENCE OF EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENERGY-SAVING FOR RECTIFICATION OF BINARY MIXTURES." Fine Chemical Technologies 11, no. 1 (February 28, 2016): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2016-11-1-40-44.

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Анотація:

The comparison of energy consumption for rectification of binary mixtures in one-column and twocolumn apparatuses was carried out with the use of vapor flow energy from the first column for heating the second column. It is shown that the expected two-fold reduction of the flow of heat energy is impossible due to the decrease of the internal energy-saving.

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23

Yuan, Bing, Chu Yi Cai, and Shao Teng Huang. "Study of Strain Monitoring in a Construction of House Rectification." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 1558–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.1558.

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Анотація:

Combined with a project example, this paper introduces the method of cutting-off column and jacking was used in a construction of housing rectification. Based on the monitoring and the analysis of strain data of frame beam and column, the result indicated that strain monitoring can reflect the affection to the building during construction, guide the construction effectively and make the process successful.

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24

Osipov, Eduard, Eduard Telyakov, and Sergey Ponikarov. "Coupled Simulation of a Vacuum Creation System and a Rectification Column Block." Processes 8, no. 11 (October 22, 2020): 1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8111333.

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Анотація:

The purpose of this study was the coupling simulation of the vacuum block of the ethanolamine mixture separation unit to determine the optimal layout of the vacuum creation system. For this, a computational model of the vacuum unit, which was identified by comparing the computational data with the data of an industrial study of vacuum rectification columns, was synthesized in the Unisim Design R461 software package. To determine the required load on the vacuum system, a numerical experiment was carried out, during which it was discovered that the load on the system would be 9600 m3/h. It was proposed to replace individual column vacuum pumps with a single vacuum-generating system (VGS) based on a liquid ring vacuum pump (LRVP). When defining the layout, two possible schemes were considered, the models of which were created in Unisim Design R461. The system layout was determined by matching the characteristics of the system elements with the characteristics of the vacuum columns. A technical and economic comparison of the proposed solutions was carried out and the payback period for capital costs was calculated, which for Scheme 1 was 4.14 years, and for Scheme 2–3.59 years.

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25

Sun, Lan Yi, Jun Li, Xue Nuan Liu, and Qing Song Li. "Sensitivity Analysis of an Energy-Efficient Heat Coupled Distillation Column." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 424–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.424.

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Анотація:

In this paper, an energy-efficient heat coupled distillation column (HCDC) which is industrially viable is constructed for propylene–propane mixture separation and the sensitivity analysis was performed. Some comparative studies are made with conventional distillation column (CC) and a column with a vapor recompression system (VRC). The results show that the thermal efficiency of the HCDC appears to be strongly sensitive to the compression ratio between rectification section and stripping section.

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26

Samoilov, N. A., I. A. Mnushkin, and O. A. Mnushkina. "Calculation of ethylene glycol production in a reaction-rectification column." Petroleum Chemistry 47, no. 3 (May 2007): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0965544107030103.

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27

Qian, Qingli, Hongxing Wang, Peng Bai, and Guoqing Yuan. "Effects of water on steam rectification in a packed column." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 89, no. 12 (December 2011): 2560–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2011.06.004.

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28

Igumnov, Sergey N., Vladimir N. Kulagin, and Tatyana B. Korneeva. "Purification of Acetonitrile." Advanced Materials Research 560-561 (August 2012): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.560-561.202.

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Анотація:

The procedure is described for the purification of acetonitrile to a level suitable for spectroscopic and chromatographic work. Rectification of chemical pretreated acetonitrile was performed on glass vacuum-jacketed column, filled with spiral-prismatic packing.

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29

Laletin, Viktor, Matvey Andreenko, and Aleksey Bal'chugov. "USING THE SHOCK-SPRAY PACKING TO REDUCE THE HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN APPARATUS." Modern Technologies and Scientific and Technological Progress 2018, no. 1 (March 23, 2020): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-9896-2020-2018-1-25-25.

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Анотація:

It is shown that the replacement of direct-flow valve plates with a new highly effective shock-spray regular packing will significantly reduce the hydraulic resistance in the rectification column of isolation of the isopentane fraction.

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30

Tugashova, L. G., and A. V. Zatonskiy. "DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATIC REFLUX RATIO REGULATION SYSTEM FOR THE RECTIFICATION COLUMN." Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Ser. Computer Technologies, Automatic Control & Radioelectronics 20, no. 4 (December 2020): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/ctcr200411.

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Анотація:

This article provides an overview of the methods of managing the primary petroleum refining. To improve separation efficiency was proposed to stabilize the reflux ratio in the rectifying column. Purpose of work. To develop a system for automatic regulation of the reflux ratio of diesel fuel sec-tions in an atmospheric column of the refinery oil. To study the operating modes of an atmospheric column with the participation of the obtained automatic control system. Materials and methods. The article presented the features of the oil rectification process at the atmospheric unit of a small capacity refinery. The features of heat dissipation with intermediate circulation flash compared to a large-capacity unit will be shown in this article. The parameters of the facility were selected and divided into groups. A dynamic model of the section of shell-and-tube heat exchangers for heating oil with diesel fuel at a low-power refinery unit in the form of differential equations of heat balance has been developed to achieve the goal set work. An electrode dehydrator material balance equation has been compiled to find desalted oil consumption and saltwater consumption. The dependence of the reflux ratio of diesel fuel sections of the atmospheric column on the inlet and outlet temperatures of the atmospheric column circulation flash, the acute fractionation con-sumption, circulation flash, and oil fraction selection was obtained. The resulting model of the facili-ty consists of two parts: the linear part of the electric dehydrator and heat exchanger section, which determines the temperatures of the coolants, and the nonlinear output part, which determines the re-flux ratio depending on technological parameters. The proposed model makes it possible to investi-gate the effect of disturbances on the controlled parameters. The MATLAB/Simulink software prod-uct has been chosen as a tool to implement the model. A system of automatic regulation of the re-flux ratio in MATLAB/Simulink has been built with the participation of the developed model of the study object. Conclusion. The results of modeling a system for automatic regulation of the reflux ratio of diesel fuel sections in the atmospheric column of a low-power refinery unit has been ob-tained, taking into account the peculiarities of the process under disturbance conditions.

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31

Morozyuk, Larisa, and Evgeny Kostenko. "ANALYSIS OF THE HEAT PUMP OPERATION IN THE LOW-TEMPERATURE RECTIFICATION SYSTEM OF PROPANE-BUTANE MIXTURE." Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Innovation researches in students’ scientific work, no. 2 (December 16, 2021): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2220-4784.2021.02.01.

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Анотація:

The article presents the results of the analysis of the operation of a heat pump in the system of low-temperature rectification of a propane-butane mixture. High-purity propane is obtained from a propane-butane mixture. A "rectification column-heat pump" system is proposed, which transforms the heat removed during the cooling of the component in the upper part of the column into heat absorbed during heating of the bottoms. In accordance with the energy balance of the system, it has been established that part of the heat pump condensation is not used in the distillation column, but is removed to the environment. The heat pump flow diagram contains one evaporator and two condensers. The operation of the heat pump is evaluated from the standpoint of thermodynamics – by the method of energy analysis of the cycle with R134 and R290 working substances, It has been established that the low thermodynamic efficiency of the heat pump is determined by external irreversible losses in the condensers and the evaporator The advantages of R290 as a working substance of the heat pump have been proved and the required theoretical volumetric capacity of the compressor has been determined.

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32

Tugashova, L. G., and A. A. Goncharov. "MANAGEMENT OF OIL RECTIFICATION PROCESS BY USING OF MODELS OF PROCESS AND VIRTUAL ANALYZERS." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2018-1-124-132.

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Анотація:

The article considers the management of an atmospheric column by using of dynamic rectification model. The criteria of management are defined. The method the optimization is chosen. Management of temperatures provides the set quality of oil products at light fractions selection corresponding selection from potential.

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33

Samoilov, N. A., I. A. Mnushkin, and O. A. Mnushkina. "Theoretical study of ethylene glycol synthesis in a reaction-rectification column." Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry 79, no. 12 (December 2006): 1973–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070427206120135.

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34

Markova, A. V. "Selection of the optimum construction of column for the periodic rectification." Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry 82, no. 11 (November 2009): 1959–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070427209110111.

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35

Dojčanský, Ján, Soňa Bafrncová, and Július Surový. "A Simulated Experiment for Examining the Effect of Errors in the Composition of the Equilibrium Liquid-Vapour Phases on the Calculated Number of Theoretical Stages of a Rectification Column." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 58, no. 3 (1993): 506–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19930506.

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Анотація:

Five model binary systems differing in the relative volatilities and their changes were used to simulate the effect of random errors and bias in the L-G equilibrium phase composition on the calculation of the number of theoretical stages of a continuously working rectification column in various operating conditions.

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36

Dojčanský, Ján, Soňa Bafrncová, and Július Surový. "Effect of Random Errors and Bias of Isobaric Equilibrium x, y and t Data of LiquidVapour Binary Systemson the Calculated Number of Theoretical Plates of a Rectification Column." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 59, no. 4 (1994): 841–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19940841.

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Анотація:

The effect of random errors and bias of temperature and phase composition data in the isobaric L-G equilibrium on the calculated number of theoretical plates of a continuously working rectification column at various reflux ratios was investigated. Five model binary systems exhibiting different behaviour and relative volatility were used.

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37

Liaposhchenko, Oleksandr, Vitalii Marenok, Maksym Skydanenko, Ivan Pavlenko, Marek Ochowiak, Jana Mižáková, Ján Piteľ, Vitalii Storozhenko, Vasyl Smyrnov, and Viacheslav Shmatenko. "Modeling of Technological Processes for a Rectification Plant in Second-Generation Bioethanol Production." Processes 9, no. 6 (May 27, 2021): 944. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9060944.

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Анотація:

The article deals with the recent developments in the fuel industry, considering the permanent increasing requirements for fuel quality and environmental safety. The work aims to study various technological modes at the rectification unit to produce fuel bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. The main goals are to solve applied scientific problems of rational designing and technological optimization to obtain boundaries of energy consumption to ensure the quality of bioethanol sufficient for a consumer. Recent approaches for numerical simulation of chemical technological processes were applied to study the operating processes and optimize technological parameters. The plant model was designed from various modules that allow us to simulate technological processes efficiently and accurately for all the primary units of the rectification equipment. The methodology based on the activity coefficient UNIFAC model of phase equilibrium was applied. As a result, a mixture with 74% of bioethanol 9% of impurities was obtained in the brew column. In the epuration column, a mixture of 46% bioethanol and 2.2% of impurities was obtained in bottoms. Finally, in the alcohol column, the mass fraction of distillate of 96.9% and impurities of 2.7% were reached. The numerical simulation results can be applied in recent fuel technologies and designing the corresponding biofuel plants.

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38

Chen, Jian, Liwen Guo, Yanwei Hu, and Yong Chen. "Internal Structure of a Jet Nozzle for Coalbed Methane Mining Based on Airfoil Curves." Shock and Vibration 2018 (December 2, 2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3840834.

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Анотація:

Based on airfoil curves that can effectively balance the rectification and drag reduction effects in flight hydrodynamics, we designed an internal streamline structure of jet nozzle for coalbed methane (CBM) mining. The three types of nozzles originating from three typical airfoil curves are compared with the conical nozzle. Results showed that the thin-type streamlined nozzle had the largest effective shock range and least radial divergence and was thus selected as the best nozzle. Moreover, the pressure distribution at the outlet of the nozzle was found to be related to the range and number of small-pressure fluctuations near the wall. A larger number of small-pressure fluctuations and a larger range caused faster pressure of the jet water column to decay along the axial direction. Rectification with a concentrated effect also slowed down the attenuation velocity of the jet-water-column pressure between the concentration point and the nozzle. The variation rule of shock pressure with range was further determined experimentally. We found that the shock pressure of jet water column initially increased within a short distance and then decreased rapidly. The effective shock range of the thin-type streamlined nozzle in air was 1.417 times that of the conical nozzle, and the effective reaming area was 1.104 times greater. Thus, the effect of reaming was effectively improved. The length of the water column at high pressure was larger than that of the conical nozzle, and the shock efficiency was relatively high.

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39

Laletin, V. I., and A. V. Balchugov. "REDUCTION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN A RECTIFICATION COLUMN WITH SHOCK-SPRAY PACKING." Modern Technologies and Scientific and Technological Progress 1, no. 1 (April 15, 2019): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-9896/2019-1-1-53-54.

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40

Korotkova, T. G., and G. I. Kas’yanov. "Calculating a Rectification Column for Separating Mixtures of Light and Heavy Water." Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A 95, no. 5 (May 2021): 1051–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036024421050186.

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41

Bulii, Yu V., and O. M. Obodovych. "IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MASS TRANSFER PROCESSES BETWEEN LIQUID AND VAPOR IN DISTILLATION COLUMN." Industrial Heat Engineering 39, no. 4 (February 20, 2017): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31472/ihe.4.2017.06.

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Анотація:

An innovative technology of rectification in a mode separate phase movement by continuously feeding in a distillation column vapor and liquid is proposed. The increase in the delay time of the liquid on the plates to achieve phase equilibrium improves the efficiency of mass transfer, to reduce the consumption of heating steam by 40 % and reduce the cost of the equipment..

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42

Panfilov, Nikita, and Ivan Semenov. "PROBLEM POINTS OF LIGHT-NAPHTHA RECTIFICATION PROCESS OF ISOMERIZATION TECHNOLOGY." Modern Technologies and Scientific and Technological Progress 2020, no. 1 (June 16, 2020): 57–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-9896-2020-1-57-58.

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Анотація:

Approaches of problem points estimation for increasing productivity and increasing the accuracy of isolating the C5-C6 fraction in light naphtha isomerization technology are considered. It is shown that the elimination of these problem points is possible by increasing the efficiency of existing internal contact devices of the distillation column, or by increasing the efficiency of the furnace. The final solution to the problem should be determined on the basis of mathematical modeling of the process.

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43

Dojčanský, Ján, Soňa Bafrncová, and Július Surový. "Effect of Errors in Temperature Measurement on the Accuracy of Composition of the Liquid-Vapour Phases and Their Impact on the Calculated Number of Theoretical Stages of Rectification Columns." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 57, no. 9 (1992): 1867–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19921867.

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Анотація:

The effect of random and systematic errors in the determination of the equilibrium temperature on the phase composition in isobaric L-G equilibria was simulated on five binary systems with different size and relative volatility. The impact of the inaccuracies on the calculated number of theoretical stages of a continuously operating rectification column is discussed with respect to the different operating conditions of the separatory process.

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44

Ma, Jiang Quan, Xiao Bing Gan, Ke Nian Wei, and Zhi Quan Hu. "Synthesis of N-Butyl Acetate by Continuous Catalytic Distillation with Ionic Liquid [Hnmp]HSO₄." Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (February 2012): 1243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.1243.

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Анотація:

N-methyl pyrrolidonium hydrosulfate ([Hnmp]HSO4) was synthesized and characterized. N-butyl acetate was synthesized from acetic acid and n-butanol with [Hnmp]HSO4 as catalyst in a catalytic rectification column 30 mm in diameter and 2.5 m in height. Effects of catalyst dosage, bottom temperature, feeding ratio of acetic acid to n-butanol, feeding method and reflux ratio on esterification and rectification were investigated. Under optimal condition which taking both energy cost and product quality into account: catalyst dosage was 0.5% of feed weight, bottom temperature was 120 °C, mole ratio of acetic acid to butanol was 1:1.2, acetic acid and butanol were mixed and fed above second section of packing, feeding rate was 150 mL/h and reflux ratio was 4, mass fraction of n-butyl acetate in bottom could reach 92.49 %.

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45

Markovic, Miljana, Nevenka Boskovic-Vragolovic, Mihailo Ristic, Vladimir Pavicevic, Vlada Veljkovic, and Svetomir Milojevic. "Fractionation of the essential oil from juniper (Juniperus ommunis L.) berries by hydrodistillation and rectification." Chemical Industry 71, no. 6 (2017): 471–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind161204009m.

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Анотація:

This paper deals with fractionation of the essential oil from juniper (Juniperus communis L.) berries by hydrodistillation (HD) and simultaneous hydrodistillation and rectification (SHDR) at atmospheric pressure. A rectification column was filled with the NORMAG packing A type and had 36 theoretical stages. In the present study, higher essential oil yield was obtained by HD (1.34 mass %) than by SHDR (1.17 mass %). However, mass fraction distributions of monoterpene hydrocarbons (MHs), oxygenated monoterpenes (OMs) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (SHs), observed for the two separation methods, differed from each other. In the SHDR process increased contents of high volatile components (predominantly MHs) were obtained in the initial fractions as well as increased contents of low volatile components (dominantly SHs) in the last fractions. Also, this method increased the separation degree of OMs.

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46

Shevchenko, O., O. Bedrick, and V. Maleta. "Rectification column modeling with a cycle operation mode in the production of ethanol." Scientific Works of National University of Food Technologies 26, no. 2 (April 2020): 140–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24263/2225-2924-2020-26-2-14.

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47

Samoilov, N. A., I. A. Mnushkin, and O. A. Mnushkina. "Specific features of operation of a reaction-rectification column in different feed modes." Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry 80, no. 9 (September 2007): 1538–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070427207090182.

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48

Dixit, D. K. "A simulation model of the rectification column of a solar cold storage unit." Renewable Energy 2, no. 3 (June 1992): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-1481(92)90047-7.

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49

Volynets, D. A., E. A. Chernyshova, and A. V. Tarasov. "Issue of kerosene supply into live reflux flow of main rectification column of atmospheric vacuum pipestill process units." World of petroleum products 05 (2021): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32758/2782-3040-2021-0-5-50-53.

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Анотація:

. In this article the possibility of suppling the kerosene fraction into the live reflux line of the K-2 column of the atmospheric vacuum pipestill units is reviewed. According to the results of mathematical calculations in the Petro-SIM software, the fraction 140-240°С was determined as optimal for supplying into the top live reflux line of the K-2 column of the atmospheric vacuum pipestill unit. This action makes it possible to reduce the load on the condensing system of the K-2 column of the atmospheric vacuum pipestill units; the heat potential of the hotter kerosene flow also increases, both for heating oil and for generating low-pressure steam. The article describes the advantages of the method.

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50

Natig Abbasov, Suleyman Selimli, Natig Abbasov, Suleyman Selimli. "OPTIMAL DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER NETWORK IN OIL REFINERIES." ETM - Equipment, Technologies, Materials 07, no. 03 (June 6, 2021): 08–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/etm0703202108.

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Анотація:

Today, the main methods of protection against corrosion of contact devices of rectification equipment for oil refining, in particular, stainless steel mesh packing, under conditions of relatively high temperatures (150–250°C) and in the presence of aggressive components in oil feedstock (hydrogen sulfide, sulfides, mercaptans, other sulfur compounds, chloride ions, organochlorine compounds, water) are the use of special alloys as protective coatings, as well as corrosion inhibitors that reduce the corrosive effect of an aggressive environment. At the same time, most of these methods have disadvantages associated with high operating costs, insufficient efficiency, or the ability to protect only from a certain factor, and not from their combination. In this regard, studies of the corrosion resistance of mesh contact devices made of stainless steel grade 12Х18Н10Т, on three types of samples: alloy wire, welded mesh, thin sheet. Titanium nitride (TiN) and metal coatings of nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti) and chromium (Cr) were used as anticorrosive coatings for these samples. These coatings were applied to the samples by two methods: electrolytic method and vacuum ion-plasma spraying. It was found that the optimum thickness of the coating is 10–15 µm, at which the resulting films have sufficient ductility and do not peel off from the surface of the corresponding stainless alloy. The study of corrosion of samples of stainless steel 12Cr18N10T with applied coatings and without coatings was carried out by immersion in compositions containing oil, as well as in simulating aggressive oil-containing media. As a result of the studies, it was found that protective coatings of chromium and titanium nitride, applied by vacuum ion-plasma spraying, are the most effective from the point of view of corrosion protection of stainless steel mesh contact devices used in rectification columns. Keywords: rectification column, mesh contact devices, stainless steel, aggressive media, corrosion inhibitors, anti-corrosion protective coatings.

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