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Статті в журналах з теми "Reclining seat"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 23 вересня 2022

Оновлено: 22 жовтня 2022

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Jeffery, R. S., and P. L. Cook. "Seat belts and reclining seats." Injury 22, no. 5 (September 1991): 416–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-1383(91)90111-q.

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Tang, Liang, and JinHao Liu. "Safety analysis of belted occupant in reclining seat." International Journal of Vehicle Design 60, no. 1/2 (2012): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvd.2012.049153.

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Leonard, S. David. "Who Really Knows about Reclining the Passenger Seat?" Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 50, no. 8 (October 2006): 855–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120605000804.

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Caballero-Bruno, Irene, Daniel Töpfer, Thomas Wohllebe, and Pedro M. Hernández-Castellano. "Assessing Car Seat Posture through Comfort and User Experience." Applied Sciences 12, no. 7 (March 26, 2022): 3376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12073376.

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The vehicular market is undergoing a profound transformation that includes a trend toward fully automated driving. When travelling in automated systems, the main task is no longer driving. Therefore, the interior design of automated vehicles requires a renovation to adapt to new use cases. With this motivation, the use case of sleeping while travelling was chosen for this user study, in which different seat configuration conditions were evaluated. The three preselected seat positions for this research included the upright, reclined and flat seat positions. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to examine the comfort of different seat angles in meeting the need to sleep in a moving vehicle. Since the physical experience of the occupants with a high-fidelity seat prototype is essential to evaluate the new interior concept of the vehicle of the future, in this study, the experimental participants were asked about their perception of comfort and overall user experience while travelling by car under close-to-real test conditions. Therefore, the primary objective of this evaluation was to explore different seat configurations and find the most suitable seat position for the use case of sleeping in a car while moving. Our findings suggest that users prefer reclining and flat seats in short-/medium- and long-term use cases, respectively.

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Ajao, K. R., T. Yahaya, H. A. Ajimotokan, A. A. Adeleke, M. Bello, and O. Ojegbenro. "Design and Fabrication of an Adjustable Sitting Inclinations Spinal Cord Rehabilitation Chair." Technological Engineering 13, no. 1 (October 1, 2016): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/teen-2016-0004.

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Abstract The adjustable sitting inclination rehabilitation chair was fabricated with mild steel and soft upholstered fabric was used for the overlay on the seat, headrest and armrest. The components were coupled with a linear actuator at the upper frame for the reclining of the backrest about it axis. The wheels are located outboard of the seat of the chair to enhance stability while foot rest supports the posterior weight of the users. The narrow seat allows free movement of the leg when the user is seated. Sitting inclinations of 120 and 135° protect the spine disc from compression and proffer more comfort for the users than other angles experimented. The adjustable sitting inclination SCRC is simple and affordable for low-income people with Spinal cord injury, especially for those in developing countries in order to support other therapies for their recovery processes.

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Zheng, Jiajia, Liang Tang, and Qing Zhou. "Investigation of risk factors affecting injuries in reclining seat under frontal impact." International Journal of Vehicle Safety 11, no. 3 (2020): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvs.2020.10031699.

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Tang, Liang, Jiajia Zheng, and Qing Zhou. "Investigation of risk factors affecting injuries in reclining seat under frontal impact." International Journal of Vehicle Safety 11, no. 3 (2020): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvs.2020.109277.

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Lavender, Steven A., Carolyn M. Sommerich, Steven Bigelow, Eric B. Weston, Kelly Seagren, Noura Amini Pay, Dawn Sillars, et al. "Lifting Heavy Patients in their Homes: A biomechanical study of equipment that can be used by EMS providers." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (November 2019): 984–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631270.

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Firefighters and EMS providers continue to be challenged when lifting heavy patients in their homes. This study investigated the biomechanical efficacy of four devices that could be used by two-person teams when lifting patients from the floor, from a reclining chair, or from a Simulated Inflatable Seat at chair height. Fourteen firefighter-paramedics, working in two-person teams, were instrumented with motion capture and electromyographic sensors. The Binder LiftTM and the Simple Strap were used to lift patient actors, and were compared to current lifting methods. Postural data and the peak dynamic spine shear forces at the L5/S1 level were reduced when using the Simple Strap, the Binder Lift, and the Simulated Inflatable Seat. In summary, each of these devices has been shown to have biomechanical support for their use by EMS providers.

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Provasi, Joelle, and Pierre Lequien. "Effects of nonrigid reclining infant seat on preterm behavioral states and motor activity." Early Human Development 35, no. 2 (December 1993): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-3782(93)90098-f.

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Kobara, Kenichi, Hiroshi Osaka, Hisashi Takahashi, Tomotaka Ito, Daisuke Fujita, and Susumu Watanabe. "Influence of rotational axis height of back support on horizontal force applied to buttocks in a reclining wheelchair." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 39, no. 5 (August 5, 2014): 397–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364614543547.

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Background: Studies have not been conducted to investigate the influence of the height of the rotational axis of a wheelchair’s back support on the shear force applied to the buttocks during the reclining motion. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the difference in the rotational axis position of back support in the vertical direction on the horizontal force applied to buttocks for preventing decubitus ulcers. Study design: Repeated measures design. Methods: The subjects were 13 healthy adult men without leg and/or trunk diseases. The shear force was measured using a force plate. A comfortable sitting posture in the experimental chair was selected for measurement. The rotational axis was positioned 13 cm forward on the horizontal plane from the intersection between the seat and the back support. The axis positions on the vertical plane as two experimental conditions were the seat height and the 7.5-cm upward from the seat height which was nearer to the hip joint. Results: In returning the back support to an upright position, the horizontal force was 12.4 ± 1.6 (percent body weight) under the seat height-axis condition and 10.1 ± 1.8 (percent body weight) under the upward-axis condition ( p < 0.01). Conclusion: This result suggested that the wheelchair might have to be capable of adjusting the height of the rotational axis of the back support to reduce the horizontal force applied to buttocks. Clinical relevance This study shows one of the suggestions regarding seating approach for the prevention of decubitus ulcers. There is a possibility of reducing horizontal force applied to buttocks after reclined back support, by adjusting the height of the rotational axis position of wheelchair back support.

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Tebbache, Nadège, and Alain Hamaoui. "Sit-to-Stand Muscular Activity for Different Seat Backrest Inclination Levels and Execution Speeds." Motor Control 24, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 527–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/mc.2020-0014.

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The sit-to-stand transfer can be separated into a postural phase (trunk flexion) and a focal phase (whole-body extension). The aim of this study was to analyze the as yet little known whole-body muscular activity characterizing each phase of this task and its variations with backrest inclination and execution speed. Fifteen muscles of the trunk and lower limbs of 10 participants were investigated using surface EMG. Results showed that backrest-induced modifications were mostly confined to the postural phase: reclining the backrest increased its duration and the activity level of the sternocleidomastoideus, the rectus and obliquus externus abdominis, and the semitendinosus. Speed-induced variations were also predominant during the postural phase, which was shortened with an increased activity of most muscles at maximal speed.

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Howarth, Henrietta V. C., and Michael J. Griffin. "Effect of reclining a seat on the discomfort from vibration and shock on fast boats." Ergonomics 58, no. 7 (October 17, 2014): 1151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2014.961970.

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Laughery, Kenneth R., Danielle L. Paige, Brenda R. Laughery, Michael S. Wogalter, Michael J. Kalsher, and S. David Leonard. "Guidelines for Warnings Design: Do They Matter?" Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 46, no. 19 (September 2002): 1708–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120204601904.

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A study was carried out using four measures of effectiveness to compare product warnings that are consistent with the American National Standards Institute Product Safety Signs and Labels standard (ANSI Z535.4) to warnings that are not consistent with the standard. Inconsistent warnings were based on the format of existing product warnings. Two warnings, consistent and inconsistent, for each of ten different products were evaluated: cooking oil, trampoline, paint, dresser, airbag, seat belt, tire, sports utility vehicle, reclining seat and swimming pool. The four effectiveness criteria were judgments of noticeability, likelihood to read, understandability and likelihood of complying. Participants were 176 students with varied majors from five different universities. Results indicated higher levels of judged effectiveness for the warnings that were consistent with the ANSI standard. The differences were statistically significant for all four effectiveness measures for all ten products. While warnings that are consistent with the ANSI Z535.4 standard do not by themselves necessarily constitute an adequate warning system, these results indicate that the standard does have merit and utility and represents a good starting point in warning design.

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OKINO, Tomohiro, Kazuma NAKAI, Junichi TAKANO, Shota ENAMI, Yutaka NAGAO, and Masaki OGAWA. "Injury evaluation for passenger seated in the rotating and reclining seat in the event of a train collision." Transactions of the JSME (in Japanese) 83, no. 846 (2017): 16–00235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/transjsme.16-00235.

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Susanto, Primadi Candra, Ryan Firdiansyah Suryawan, Hartono Hartono, and Muchlis Imanullah Arief. "Optimalisasi Kereta Api Airport Railink Services Kualanamu Mendukung Kegiatan Operasional Bandara." Aviasi : Jurnal Ilmiah Kedirgantaraan 17, no. 2 (March 8, 2021): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.52186/aviasi.v17i2.60.

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Kereta api Airport Railink Services Kualanamu adalah layanan kereta api yang dioperasikan oleh Railink dengan rute Medan-Bandar Udara Internasional Kualanamu di Sumatra Utara, Indonesia. Kereta api bandara ARS Kualanamu mulai beroperasi pada tanggal 25 Juli 2013 bersamaan dengan beroperasinya Bandar Udara Internasional Kualanamu. Railink merupakan perusahaan patungan antara Kereta Api Indonesia dan Angkasa Pura II (Persero). ARS Kualanamu saat ini memiliki frekuensi 25 kali perjalanan dari Stasiun Medan ke Stasiun Bandara Kualanamu, berkapasitas 308 tempat duduk, dengan lama perjalanan 28-33 menit saat menuju bandara, dan 28-34 menit saat menuju Medan. Kereta api berangkat dan tiba di peron khusus kereta bandara di Stasiun Medan. Kereta api ini menggunakan 4 set rangkaian kereta rel diesel elektrik (KRDE) yang dibuat di pabrikan Korea Selatan, Woojin. Pada mulanya layanan ARS ini menggunakan rangkaian KRD eks-KRD Kaligangsa dari Pulau Jawa, namun setelah kedatangan kereta dari Korea Selatan, maka KRD dari Pulau Jawa tersebut dikembalikan dan saat ini digunakan kembali sebagai KA Prambanan Ekspres, sedangkan sebagian yang masih tersisa digunakan sebagai KA Sri Lelawangsa. Fasilitas yang disediakan dalam kereta api ini adalah fasilitas kenyamanan kereta api eksekutif berupa kereta ber-AC, reclining seat, Wi-Fi, serta layar audio visual.

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Kotradyová, Veronika, and Erik Vavrinský. "Reduction of Environmental Stress through Spatial Arrangements and Different Choices of Body Positions in Indoor Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 824 (January 2016): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.824.259.

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The paper is aimed at analyzes of environmental stressors in indoor environment such as incorrect spatial arrangement or improper setting of limits and less control of own territory /personal space and diminished choice of body positions. There is emphasized the topic of body positions/postures in standard office working environment whereas more choices of body position is a instrument for reduction of stress and increasing of well–being and chance to get new perspectives, approaches and outputs from human resources as well . Nowadays there is a strong need to incorporate a non-formal working style which is also related to non-formal spatial design that can be then occupied by different body positions and using of space in more dynamic way which we can call dynamisation of space. There are also analyzed its main strategies In the paper there are shown theoretical assumptions of relation between work efficiency, creativity and body working position.There is analyzed process of setting methodology for measuring environmental stress through physiological parameters. It shows results of first experimental tests of biometric responses by different working postures by simulation of standard non-industrial working environment. There we chosen 5 working locations – standard set, dynamic seat, stand, perching and reclining. The paper presents results of the pilot test and shows further perspectives of this research.

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ENAMI, Shota, Kazuma NAKAI, and Tomohiro OKINO. "Study for safety measures of rotating and reclining seats in the event of collision using FEM simulation." Proceedings of the Bioengineering Conference Annual Meeting of BED/JSME 2019.32 (2019): 1D22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmebio.2019.32.1d22.

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ENAMI, Shota, Kazuma NAKAI, and Tomohiro OKINO. "Injury evaluation and consideration of measures to rail passengers occupying rotating and reclining seats in the event of collision using FEM simulation." Proceedings of the Bioengineering Conference Annual Meeting of BED/JSME 2019.31 (2019): 2E24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmebio.2019.31.2e24.

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Huang, Hsiu-Chen, Cheng-Hsin Yeh, Chi-Myn Chen, Yu-Sheng Lin, and Kao-Chi Chung. "Sliding and pressure evaluation on conventional and V-shaped seats of reclining wheelchairs for stroke patients with flaccid hemiplegia: a crossover trial." Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 8, no. 1 (2011): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-8-40.

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ENAMI, Shota, Kazuma NAKAI, and Tomohiro OKINO. "The effect of seating position on severity of injury to rail passengers occupying rotating and reclining seats in the event of collision using FEM simulation." Proceedings of the Bioengineering Conference Annual Meeting of BED/JSME 2018.30 (2018): 1D10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmebio.2018.30.1d10.

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Breen, Jan Mario, Pål Aksel Næss, Trond Boye Hansen, Christine Gaarder, Harald Klemmetsen, and Arne Stray-Pedersen. "Young adults in motor vehicle collisions in Norway: user safety errors observed in majority of cases with severe or fatal injuries." Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology, October 17, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12024-022-00541-x.

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Abstract Purpose We performed a multidisciplinary investigation of young adults involved in motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) to elucidate injury mechanisms and the role of passive safety equipment such as seat belts and airbags. Methods MVCs resulting in death or serious injuries to the driver or passengers aged 16–24 years in southeastern Norway during 2013–2016 were investigated upon informed consent. We assessed the crash scene, the motor vehicle (MV) interior and exterior, and analyzed data from medical records, forensic autopsies and reports from police and civil road authorities. Results This study included 229 young adult occupants involved in 212 MVCs. The Maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale (MAIS) score was ≥2 in 111 occupants, of which 22 were fatalities. In 59% (65/111) of the cases with MAIS score ≥2 injuries, safety errors and occupant protection inadequacies were considered to have contributed to the injury outcome. Common errors were seatbelt non-use and misuse, carrying insecure luggage, and the seat back being too reclined. MAIS score ≥2 head/neck injuries were observed in side impacts despite correct seatbelt use, related to older MVs lacking side airbag curtains. The independent risk factors for MAIS score ≥2 injuries included not using a seatbelt, driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, nighttime driving, side impacts, heavy collision partner, and MV deformation. Conclusion User safety errors (not using a seatbelt, seatbelt misuse, excessive seat-back reclining, and insecure cargo) and a lack of occupant protection in older MVs resulted in young adults sustaining severe or fatal injuries in MVCs.

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Hee, Hwan Ing, Ying Ching Lim, Tracy Tan, Sharon Wan, Olivia Wijeweera, Sumin Lee, and Kavitha Raghavan. "A concept mobility device with multi-positional configurations and child-kind restraint for safe perioperative transfer and induction of anaesthesia in children with autistic spectrum disorder – a cross sectional study." BMC Health Services Research 21, no. 1 (April 9, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06309-3.

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Abstract Background Transfer into the operating room, onto the operating table and mask induction of anaesthesia are major challenges faced by children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In a pilot study, parents observed that perioperative transfer becomes unsafe and difficult when children with ASD becomes uncooperative. Method A CHILD-KIND CONCEPT mobility system comprising of multi-positioning seat configurations and restraining module was developed with inputs from multi-disciplinary healthcare professionals and parents with children with ASD. To appeal to children and motivate child-machine interaction, the seat configurations and restraining module are designed to take the form of child-friendly, non-threatening, fun and familiar items. The sitting configuration, sitting to supine transformation, the restraint modules resemble racing-car seat, reclining motion of a home massage chair, safety restraints found in airplanes and amusement rides respectively. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) involved in the perioperative patient care, parents of ASD children and children (neurotypical and ASD) experience the use of the system in a non-clinical environment and participated in a survey study. The acceptance of its functionality (HCPs, parents) for perioperative transfer and induction of anaesthesia, rating of the user experience and likes and dislikes of (parents and children) were obtained. Results Thirty-two HCPs, 30 parents and 23 children participated. Majority of parents and HCPs opined the use of the system enables improvement in the management of perioperative movement (90.0% parents, 100% HCPs), safe perioperative movement (86.7% parents, 96.9% HCPs) and promotes ease of anaesthesia induction (76.7% parents, 90.6% HCPs) for uncooperative combative ASD children. Overall, 93.8% HCPs and 86.7% parents would recommend its frequent use in their own practice and their ASD children respectively. Attractiveness and multi-functionality are attributes endorsed by parents and children. Children endorse its use for induction of anaesthesia (73.9%), dental chair (82.6%), intra-hospital transfer (95.7%). Conclusion A child-kind mobility device that integrates appeal with functionality of restraint and multi-positional transformation has a potential to promote safe perioperative movement and ease of induction of anaesthesia in anxious uncooperative ASD children.

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Kharitonov, VV. "Hygienic Characteristics of the Acoustic Environment in the Mi-8 Helicopter Cabin." ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT, February 2021, 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2021-335-2-54-61.

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Introduction: The Mi-8 helicopter generates high-intensity broadband noises by its turboshaft engines whereas a comprehensive hygienic assessment of the acoustic environment in the helicopter cabin has not been conducted. The purpose of the study was to assess the acoustic environment in the Mi-8 helicopter cabin. Materials and methods: Acoustic measurements were carried out on the ground, inside the central cabin of the Mi-8 helicopter in three operating modes of the turboshaft engines: at startup, in the idle mode, and during cruise flight in the “right correction” mode. Measuring microphones were placed during the recording of the signal on a stand at the level of the human ear at six points located next to the reclining seats in the cabin. Acoustic indicators were measured using an SVAN-945A digital sound level meter and a GRAS 40AZ microphone. The collected data were processed in accordance with the requirements of sanitary and epidemiological rules, sanitary standards, and general tactical and technical requirements of the Air Force. Results: Values of regulated noise indicators at the seats of the Mi-8 helicopter crew, sound pressure levels of the most significant tonal frequencies in its central compartment were measured. To establish the presence of tonal noise, a one-third octave analysis of the recorded acoustic signals was carried out. In the central compartment of the helicopter, the values of the regulated infrasound indices and the general sound pressure level were measured in the entire regulated frequency range. Discussion: It was found that the sound pressure levels in almost all sound octaves and the equivalent sound level in all operating modes of the helicopter engines exceed the permissible exposure limits while in the infrasound region they are within the normal range (except for the frequency of 16 Hz). Thus, the class of working conditions by noise corresponds to hazard class 3.3, and by infrasound – to class 2. According to the sanitary regulations, helicopter crews should use noise suppressors to protect themselves from high noise exposures through air and bone conduction. Conclusion: The existing risks of developing a noise and infrasound-induced diseases necessitate constant monitoring of working conditions and health of the crews of Mi-8 helicopters.

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