Готові списки джерел за темами / Recalibration interval

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Recalibration interval"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Recalibration interval"

Mishra, Anu, Robyn L. McClelland, Lurdes Y. T. Inoue, and Kathleen F. Kerr. "Recalibration Methods for Improved Clinical Utility of Risk Scores." Medical Decision Making 42, no. 4 (October 4, 2021): 500–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x211044697.

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Background An established risk model may demonstrate miscalibration, meaning predicted risks do not accurately capture event rates. In some instances, investigators can identify and address the cause of miscalibration. In other circumstances, it may be appropriate to recalibrate the risk model. Existing recalibration methods do not account for settings in which the risk score will be used for risk-based clinical decision making. Methods We propose 2 new methods for risk model recalibration when the intended purpose of the risk model is to prescribe an intervention to high-risk individuals. Our measure of risk model clinical utility is standardized net benefit. The first method is a weighted strategy that prioritizes good calibration at or around the critical risk threshold. The second method uses constrained optimization to produce a recalibrated risk model with maximum possible net benefit, thereby prioritizing good calibration around the critical risk threshold. We also propose a graphical tool for assessing the potential for recalibration to improve the net benefit of a risk model. We illustrate these methods by recalibrating the American College of Cardiology (ACC)–American Heart Association (AHA) atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score within the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort. Results New methods are implemented in the R package ClinicalUtilityRecal. Recalibrating the ACC-AHA-ASCVD risk score for a MESA subcohort results in higher estimated net benefit using the proposed methods compared with existing methods, with improved calibration in the most clinically impactful regions of risk. Conclusion The proposed methods target good calibration for critical risks and can improve the net benefit of a risk model. We recommend constrained optimization when the risk model net benefit is paramount. The weighted approach can be considered when good calibration over an interval of risks is important.

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J. A. Thomasson. "Recalibration Interval for Color/Trash Meters in Cotton Gins." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 8, no. 2 (1992): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.26045.

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De Grande, Linde A. C., Katleen Van Uytfanghe, Dries Reynders, Barnali Das, James D. Faix, Finlay MacKenzie, Brigitte Decallonne, et al. "Standardization of Free Thyroxine Measurements Allows the Adoption of a More Uniform Reference Interval." Clinical Chemistry 63, no. 10 (October 1, 2017): 1642–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2017.274407.

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Abstract BACKGROUND The IFCC Committee for Standardization of Thyroid Function Tests intended to standardize free thyroxine (FT4) immunoassays. We developed a Système International d'Unités traceable conventional reference measurement procedure (RMP) based on equilibrium dialysis and mass spectrometry. We describe here the latest studies intended to recalibrate against the RMP and supply a proof of concept, which should allow continued standardization efforts. METHODS We used the RMP to target the standardization and reference interval (RI) panels, which were also measured by 13 manufacturers. We validated the suitability of the recalibrated results to meet specifications for bias (3.3%) and total error (8.0%) determined from biological variation. However, because these specifications were stringent, we expanded them to 10% and 13%, respectively. The results for the RI panel were reported as if the assays were recalibrated. We estimated all but 1 RI using parametric statistical procedures and hypothesized that the RI determined by the RMP was suitable for use by the recalibrated assays. RESULTS Twelve of 13 recalibrated assays had a bias, meeting the 10% specification with 95% confidence; for 7 assays, this applied even for the 3.3% specification. Only 1 assay met the 13% total error specification. Recalibration reduced the CV of the assay means for the standardization panel from 13% to 5%. The proof-of-concept study confirmed our hypothesis regarding the RI but within constraints. CONCLUSIONS Recalibration to the RMP significantly reduced the FT4 immunoassays' bias, so that the RI determined by the RMP was suitable for common use within a margin of 12.5%.

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Cavitte, M. G. P., D. D. Blankenship, D. A. Young, M. J. Siegert, and E. Le Meur. "Radar stratigraphy connecting Lake Vostok and Dome C, East Antarctica, constrains the EPICA/DMC ice core time scale." Cryosphere Discussions 7, no. 1 (January 22, 2013): 321–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-7-321-2013.

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Abstract. New airborne radar sounding surveys at 60 MHz are used to trace internal layering between the Vostok and EPICA Dome C ice core sites. Eleven layers, spanning two glacial cycles from the last glacial maximum back to the MIS 7c interglacial, are used to correlate the two ice core chronologies. Independent of palaeoclimate signals, radar sounding enables correlation of the timescales, with a radar depth uncertainty equivalent to hundreds of years, which is small relative to the ice core dating uncertainties of thousands of years. Along the radar transects, horizons belonging to the last glacial cycle are impacted by aeolian stratigraphic reworking that increases radar technique uncertainty for this interval. However, older layers are used to propagate the higher resolution Vostok ages to the lower resolution Dome C ice core using the Suwa and Bender (2008) Vostok O2 / N2 chronology to give a recalibration of the Parrenin et al. (2007) EPICA EDC3 timescale between 1597 m and 2216 m depth (126 ka to 247 ka age interval).

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Thienpont, Linda M., Katleen Van Uytfanghe, Linde A. C. De Grande, Dries Reynders, Barnali Das, James D. Faix, Finlay MacKenzie, et al. "Harmonization of Serum Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Measurements Paves the Way for the Adoption of a More Uniform Reference Interval." Clinical Chemistry 63, no. 7 (July 1, 2017): 1248–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2016.269456.

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Abstract BACKGROUND The IFCC Committee for Standardization of Thyroid Function Tests developed a global harmonization approach for thyroid-stimulating hormone measurements. It is based on a multiassay method comparison study with clinical serum samples and target setting with a robust factor analysis method. Here we describe the Phase IV method comparison and reference interval (RI) studies conducted with the objective to recalibrate the participating assays and demonstrate the proof-of-concept. METHODS Fourteen manufacturers measured the harmonization and RI panel; 4 of them quantified the harmonization and first follow-up panel in parallel. All recalibrated their assays to the statistically inferred targets. For validation, we used desirable specifications from the biological variation for the bias and total error (TE). The RI measurements were done with the assays' current calibrators, but data were also reported after transformation to the new calibration status. We estimated the pre- and postrecalibration RIs with a nonparametric bootstrap procedure. RESULTS After recalibration, 14 of 15 assays met the bias specification with 95% confidence; 8 assays complied with the TE specification. The CV of the assay means for the harmonization panel was reduced from 9.5% to 4.2%. The RI study showed improved uniformity after recalibration: the ranges (i.e., maximum differences) exhibited by the assay-specific 2.5th, 50th, and 97.5th percentile estimates were reduced from 0.27, 0.89, and 2.13 mIU/L to 0.12, 0.29, and 0.77 mIU/L. CONCLUSIONS We showed that harmonization increased the agreement of results from the participating immunoassays, and may allow them to adopt a more uniform RI in the future.

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Syrovatsky, Oleg. "Interpretation and Gas Distribution Net Threat Attack Markov models." E3S Web of Conferences 221 (2020): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022103008.

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This paper will focus on mathematical models to reduce the possibility of gas distribution net threat attacks, in order to avoid environmental damage caused by the siphoning off gas. These models are based on Markov models and theory of graphs. The article also shows some forms of attacks on gas distribution net. Environmental damage includes thermal influence caused by gas inflammation, terrain disturbance, biochemical processes. Among siphoning off gas indicators are: Interference in gas meter; Documentation noncompliance; Gas distribution off-the-meter; Power counter range discrepancy; Gas meter failure; Expired recalibration interval; Gas siphoning; Other discrepancies.

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Lockwood, M., H. Nevanlinna, M. Vokhmyanin, D. Ponyavin, S. Sokolov, L. Barnard, M. J. Owens, R. G. Harrison, A. P. Rouillard, and C. J. Scott. "Reconstruction of geomagnetic activity and near-Earth interplanetary conditions over the past 167 yr – Part 3: Improved representation of solar cycle 11." Annales Geophysicae 32, no. 4 (April 11, 2014): 367–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-367-2014.

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Abstract. Svalgaard (2014) has recently pointed out that the calibration of the Helsinki magnetic observatory's H component variometer was probably in error in published data for the years 1866–1874.5 and that this makes the interdiurnal variation index based on daily means, IDV(1d), (Lockwood et al., 2013a), and the interplanetary magnetic field strength derived from it (Lockwood et al., 2013b), too low around the peak of solar cycle 11. We use data from the modern Nurmijarvi station, relatively close to the site of the original Helsinki Observatory, to confirm a 30% underestimation in this interval and hence our results are fully consistent with the correction derived by Svalgaard. We show that the best method for recalibration uses the Helsinki Ak (H) and aa indices and is accurate to ±10%. This makes it preferable to recalibration using either the sunspot number or the diurnal range of geomagnetic activity which we find to be accurate to ±20%. In the case of Helsinki data during cycle 11, the two recalibration methods produce very similar corrections which are here confirmed using newly digitised data from the nearby St Petersburg observatory and also using declination data from Helsinki. However, we show that the IDV index is, compared to later years, too similar to sunspot number before 1872, revealing independence of the two data series has been lost; either because the geomagnetic data used to compile IDV has been corrected using sunspot numbers, or vice versa, or both. We present corrected data sequences for both the IDV(1d) index and the reconstructed IMF (interplanetary magnetic field). We also analyse the relationship between the derived near-Earth IMF and the sunspot number and point out the relevance of the prior history of solar activity, in addition to the contemporaneous value, to estimating any "floor" value of the near-Earth interplanetary field.

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Babakos, Konstantinos, Dimitris Papamichail, Panagiotis Tziachris, Vassilios Pisinaras, Kleoniki Demertzi, and Vassilis Aschonitis. "Assessing the Robustness of Pan Evaporation Models for Estimating Reference Crop Evapotranspiration during Recalibration at Local Conditions." Hydrology 7, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology7030062.

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A classic method for assessing the reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo) is the pan evaporation (Epan) method that uses Epan measurements and pan coefficient (kp) models, which can be functions of relative humidity (RH), wind speed (u2), and temperature (T). The aim of this study is to present a methodology for evaluating the robustness of regression coefficients associated to climate parameters (RH, u2, and T) in pan method models during recalibration at local conditions. Two years of daily data from April to October (warm season) of meteorological parameters, Epan measurements from class A pan evaporimeter and ETo estimated by ASCE-standardized method for the climatic conditions of Thessaloniki (Greece, semi-arid environment), were used. The regression coefficients of six general nonlinear (NLR) regression Epan models were analyzed through recalibration using a technique called “random cross-validation nonlinear regression RCV-NLR” that produced 1000 random splits of the initial dataset into calibration and validation sets using a constant proportion (70% and 30%, respectively). The variance of the regression coefficients was analyzed based on the 95% interval of the highest posterior density distribution. NLR models that included coefficients with a 95% HPD interval that fluctuates in both positive and negative values were considered nonrobust. The machine-learning technique of random forests (RF) was also used to build a RF model that includes Epan, u2, RH, and T parameters. This model was used as a benchmark for evaluating the predictive accuracy of NLR models but, also, for assessing the relative importance of the predictor climate variables if they were all included in one NLR model. The findings of this study indicated that locally calibrated NLR functions that use only the Epan parameter presented better results, while the inclusion of additional climate parameters was redundant and led to underfitting.

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Siegert, Stefan, David B. Stephenson, Philip G. Sansom, Adam A. Scaife, Rosie Eade, and Alberto Arribas. "A Bayesian Framework for Verification and Recalibration of Ensemble Forecasts: How Uncertain is NAO Predictability?" Journal of Climate 29, no. 3 (January 29, 2016): 995–1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0196.1.

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Abstract Predictability estimates of ensemble prediction systems are uncertain because of limited numbers of past forecasts and observations. To account for such uncertainty, this paper proposes a Bayesian inferential framework that provides a simple 6-parameter representation of ensemble forecasting systems and the corresponding observations. The framework is probabilistic and thus allows for quantifying uncertainty in predictability measures, such as correlation skill and signal-to-noise ratios. It also provides a natural way to produce recalibrated probabilistic predictions from uncalibrated ensembles forecasts. The framework is used to address important questions concerning the skill of winter hindcasts of the North Atlantic Oscillation for 1992–2011 issued by the Met Office Global Seasonal Forecast System, version 5 (GloSea5), climate prediction system. Although there is much uncertainty in the correlation between ensemble mean and observations, there is strong evidence of skill: the 95% credible interval of the correlation coefficient of [0.19, 0.68] does not overlap zero. There is also strong evidence that the forecasts are not exchangeable with the observations: with over 99% certainty, the signal-to-noise ratio of the forecasts is smaller than the signal-to-noise ratio of the observations, which suggests that raw forecasts should not be taken as representative scenarios of the observations. Forecast recalibration is thus required, which can be coherently addressed within the proposed framework.

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Josephy, Norman, Lucia Kimball, and Victoria Steblovskaya. "Optimal Hedging and Pricing of Equity-Linked Life Insurance Contracts in a Discrete-Time Incomplete Market." Journal of Probability and Statistics 2011 (2011): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/850727.

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We present a method of optimal hedging and pricing of equity-linked life insurance products in an incomplete discrete-time financial market. A pure endowment life insurance contract with guarantee is used as an example. The financial market incompleteness is caused by the assumption that the underlying risky asset price ratios are distributed in a compact interval, generalizing the assumptions of multinomial incomplete market models. For a range of initial hedging capitals for the embedded financial option, we numerically solve an optimal hedging problem and determine a risk-return profile of each optimal non-self-financing hedging strategy. The fair price of the insurance contract is determined according to the insurer's risk-return preferences. Illustrative numerical results of testing our algorithm on hypothetical insurance contracts are documented. A discussion and a test of a hedging strategy recalibration technique for long-term contracts are presented.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Recalibration interval"

Потоцький, Ігор Олексійович. "Методи встановлення інтервалів калібрування еталонів та засобів вимірювальної техніки". Doctoral thesis, Київ, 2020. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/32606.

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Робота полягає у розробленні методів визначення інтервалів між калібруваннями (міжкалібрувальних інтервалів) робочих еталонів та засобів вимірювальної техніки, які застосовуються у випробувальних та калібрувальних лабораторіях, спрямована на забезпечення метрологічної простежуваності, точності та достовірності результатів вимірювань. У роботі досліджено можливість контролю відповідності метрологічних характеристик еталонів та засобів вимірювальної техніки встановленим нормам із застосуванням контрольних карт накопичених сум (CUSUM-карт). Проведені дослідження показали, що, незважаючи на здатність CUSUM-карт виявляти навіть незначні зміни метрологічних характеристик засобів вимірювальної техніки, час отримання сигналів може бути досить тривалим. Проаналізувавши затримку сигналів на CUSUM-картах та недоліки, що їх спричинюють, було запропоновано новий метод ковзної регресії на CUSUM-карті. Метод заснований на порівнянні кута нахилу регресійної лінії, проведеної за кількома послідовними точками на карті, з розрахованим гранично допустимим. Показано теоретично та доведено експериментально, що застосування методу ковзної регресії дозволяє зменшити час затримки сигналу про вихід метрологічних характеристик еталонів чи засобів вимірювальної техніки за встановлені границі. Представлено новий підхід до контролю стану засобів вимірювальної техніки шляхом аналізу СКВ результатів спостережень, що вказує на зменшення їх чутливості. Підхід заснований на ймовірнісному аналізі потрапляння СКВ результатів спостережень в певні діапазони розподілу Пірсона. Введено поняття критичної послідовності точок, виникнення якої вказує на зміну чутливості з часом засобу вимірювальної техніки, та коефіцієнт ефективності, який вказує на доцільність застосування того чи іншого підходу. На основі проведених розрахунків та досліджень запропоновано адаптивний алгоритм виявлення критичної послідовності СКВ-точок, який дозволяє контролювати стан робочих еталонів та засобів вимірювальної техніки, спираючись на отримані СКВ результатів спостережень у контрольних точках. Наведено теоретичне та експериментальне обґрунтування розроблених методів, показано в якому випадку необхідно застосовувати той чи інший метод.

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Частини книг з теми "Recalibration interval"

Riegg, Stephen Badalyan. "The Recalibration of Tsarist Policies toward Armenians inside and outside Russia, 1857–1880." In Russia's Entangled Embrace, 124–61. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501750113.003.0005.

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This chapter focuses on the cleric and intellectual named Gavril Aivazovskii. It investigates how the tsarist authorities navigated internal Armenian tensions surrounding visions of national identity based on religious and secular principles. It also uncovers the government's alliance with the Armenian Church against U.S. and European proselytizers. The chapter contends that St. Petersburg continued to promote itself as the defender of Western Armenians during the Russo-Ottoman War, which confirms that the first cracks in the political symbiosis had already appeared in the mid-1870s. It examines the imperial officials' negotiation of delicate Armenian debates about their national identity, the state's continued partnership with Ejmiatsin in various international contexts, and the first signs of Russian hesitation about Armenian socio-political reliability.

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Rostagno, Massimo, Carlo Altavilla, Giacomo Carboni, Wolfgang Lemke, Roberto Motto, Arthur Saint Guilhem, and Jonathan Yiangou. "A Combined Arms Strategy." In Monetary Policy in Times of Crisis, 322–408. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192895912.003.0007.

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The culmination of the European Central Bank’s (ECB) policy evolution was the ‘combined arms strategy’ that started taking shape in 2014–2015. In this chapter, we review how four unconventional measures—negative interest rates, asset purchases, targeted lending operations, and forward guidance—were progressively combined into a unified policy package. We recount the sequence of ‘recalibrations’ of these tools that took place between December 2015 and June 2018 and the internal debates that informed them. We then conduct an impact analysis where we seek to isolate and examine the contribution of the policy package to financial conditions and macroeconomic outcomes. The novelty of our analysis lies both in its methodological approach and in its diagnostics, which allows us to disentangle the respective contribution of each instrument and assess counterfactual scenarios in which they were not combined. We end by considering some of the side effects of our unconventional policies with a focus on the banking sector.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Recalibration interval"

Carvalho, Thomaz, Ana Luisa Ferreira, and Tulio C. Lourenço. "Petrobras Transporte S.A.: Transpetro’s Ultrasonic Flow Meter Recalibration Program." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33536.

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In recent years, the use of ultrasonic flow meters has gained worldwide acceptance for natural gas custody transfer applications. TRANSPETRO has also increased significantly the use of this technology because of the important role it plays in reducing lost and unaccounted for (LUAF) gas. A plan of this equipment is essential to guarantee the proper operation and the specified accuracy of the meter runs as well as mandatory in order to comply with a national regulatory agency (ANP) ordinance, which requires ultrasonic meters to be recalibrated every 30 months. This interval can be extended if the agency approves a study submitted by the operator, presenting a reasonable historical metrological performance the meters. In 2009, the Measurement Technical Committee of the Pipeline Research Council International (PRCI) published a report recommending ultrasonic meters to be recalibrated based on time-in-service, but on periodic assessment of the diagnostic parameters provided by the equipment. The report states that if these diagnostic logs indicate performance change, the meter should be cleaned and the performance re-checked; the recalibration should be considered only if the performance change remains after the cleaning. Carrying out this procedure guarantees, according to the report, the calibration is within the uncertainty of the calibration facility for a period of at least six years. Although the several PRCI reports recommend some diagnostic parameters to be followed, their names, categories and limits vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. A narrow relationship with each manufacturer must be established in order to define the finest practices. The periodic basis of the diagnostic logs collection is also an important concern. The state-of-art on following the diagnostic parameters is to have them integrated to the SCADA system, random problems can be neglected if manual collection is performed from time to time. The objective of this paper is to present TRANSPETRO’s ultrasonic flow meters recalibration program based on PRCI reports and manufacturers’ recommendations, as well as show the company’s strategy for the diagnostic parameters collection.

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Volodarsky, Y. T., L. O. Kosheva, and I. O. Pototskiy. "Methods for determining the recalibration intervals of measuring equipment during their operation." In 2020 XXX International Scientific Symposium 'Metrology and Metrology Assurance (MMA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mma49863.2020.9254259.

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Chander, Gyanesh, Md Obaidul Haque, Esad Micijevic, and Julia A. Barsi. "L5 TM radiometric recalibration procedure using the internal calibration trends from the NLAPS trending database." In Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by James J. Butler and Jack Xiong. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.795652.

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Hwang, Jeffrey T., Alex J. Nord, and William F. Northrop. "Efficacy of Add-On Hydrous Ethanol Dual Fuel Systems to Reduce NOx Emissions From Diesel Engines." In ASME 2016 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2016-9349.

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Aftermarket dual-fuel injection systems using a variety of different fumigants have been proposed as alternatives to expensive after-treatment to control NOX emissions from legacy diesel engines. However, our previous work has shown that available add-on systems using hydrous ethanol as the fumigant achieve only minor benefits in emissions without recalibration of the diesel fuel injection strategy. This study experimentally re-evaluates a novel aftermarket dual-fuel port fuel injection (PFI) system used in our previous work, with the addition of higher flow injectors to increase the fumigant energy fraction (FEF), defined as the ratio of energy provided by the hydrous ethanol on a lower heating value (LHV) basis to overall fuel energy. Results of this study confirm our earlier findings that as FEF increases, NO emissions decrease, while NO2 and unburned ethanol emissions increase, leading to no change in overall NOX. Peak cylinder pressure and apparent rates of heat release are not strongly dependent on FEF, indicating that in-cylinder NO formation rates by the Zel’dovich mechanism remains the same. Through single zone modeling, we show the feasibility of in-cylinder NO conversion to NO2 aided by unburned ethanol. The modeling results indicate that NO to NO2 conversion occurs during the early expansion stroke where bulk gases have temperature in the range of 1150–1250 K. This work conclusively proves that aftermarket dual fuel systems for fixed calibration diesel engines cannot reduce NOX emissions without lowering peak temperature during diffusive combustion responsible for forming NO in the first place.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Recalibration interval"

Pibida, L., B. Estes, M. Mejias, and G. Klemic. Recalibration Intervals for Radiation Detection Instruments. National Institute of Standards and Technology, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.2146.

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