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1
Wu, Hongyu, Qiaozhu Zhai, Xiaohong Guan, Feng Gao, and Hongxing Ye. "Security-Constrained Unit Commitment Based on a Realizable Energy Delivery Formulation." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/178193.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Security-constrained unit commitment (SCUC) is an important tool for independent system operators in the day-ahead electric power market. A serious issue arises that the energy realizability of the staircase generation schedules obtained in traditional SCUC cannot be guaranteed. This paper focuses on addressing this issue, and the basic idea is to formulate the power output of thermal units as piecewise-linear function. All individual unit constraints and systemwide constraints are then reformulated. The new SCUC formulation is solved within the Lagrangian relaxation (LR) framework, in which a double dynamic programming method is developed to solve individual unit subproblems. Numerical testing is performed for a 6-bus system and an IEEE 118-bus system on Microsoft Visual C# .NET platform. It is shown that the energy realizability of generation schedules obtained from the new formulation is guaranteed. Comparative case study is conducted between LR and mixed integer linear programming (MILP) in solving the new formulation. Numerical results show that the near-optimal solution can be obtained efficiently by the proposed LR-based method.
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Chuong, Vu, Truong, and Jung. "A Novel Design of Fractional PI/PID Controllers for Two-Input-Two-Output Processes." Applied Sciences 9, no. 23 (December 3, 2019): 5262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9235262.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, a new formulation of fractional order proportional integral (PI)/ proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is proposed. The proposed controller will be justified for some well-known two-input-two-output (TITO) processes. In order to deal with interactions between process variables in a multivariable system, as well as multiple delay times in process transfer functions, the simplified decoupling Smith predictor (SDSP) structure is also used. The issue of decoupling realizability is solved by the PSO algorithm and fractional order processes are also suggested for model reduction. The tuning rules of the controller are derived in analytical terms based on the internal model control (IMC) structure. The effectiveness and robust stability of the proposed approach are illustrated by comparing it with other methods. To have a fair comparison, the robustness criterion using the M-Δ structure with μ-synthesis is adopted and the μ value of the proposed method is always kept smaller than the value of the others.
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Tabatabaei, Narges, Ramis Örlü, Ricardo Vinuesa, and Philipp Schlatter. "Aerodynamic Free-Flight Conditions in Wind Tunnel Modelling through Reduced-Order Wall Inserts." Fluids 6, no. 8 (July 27, 2021): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids6080265.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Parallel sidewalls are the standard bounding walls in wind tunnels when making a wind tunnel model for free-flight condition. The consequence of confinement in wind tunnel tests, known as wall-interference, is one of the main sources of uncertainty in experimental aerodynamics, limiting the realizability of free-flight conditions. Although this has been an issue when designing transonic wind tunnels and/or in cases with large blockage ratios, even subsonic wind tunnels at low-blockage-ratios might require wall corrections if a good representation of free-flight conditions is intended. In order to avoid the cumbersome streamlining methods especially for subsonic wind tunnels, a sensitivity analysis is conducted in order to investigate the effect of inclined sidewalls as a reduced-order wall insert in the airfoil plane. This problem is investigated via Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulations, and a NACA4412 wing at the angles of attack between 0 and 11 degrees at a moderate Reynolds number (400 k) is considered. The simulations are validated with well-resolved large-eddy simulation (LES) results and experimental wind tunnel data. Firstly, the wall-interference contribution in aerodynamic forces, as well as the local pressure coefficients, are assessed. Furthermore, the isolated effect of confinement is analyzed independent of the boundary-layer growth. Secondly, wall-alignment is modified as a calibration parameter in order to reduce wall-interference based on the aforementioned assessment. In the outlined method, we propose the use of linear inserts to account for the effect of wind tunnel walls, which are experimentally simple to realize. The use of these inserts in subsonic wind tunnels with moderate blockage ratio leads to very good agreement between free-flight and wind tunnel data, while this approach benefits from simple manufacturing and experimental realization.
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Stillinger *, Frank H., and Salvatore Torquato. "Realizability issues for iso-g(2)processes." Molecular Physics 103, no. 21-23 (November 10, 2005): 2943–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268970500151528.
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Veremey, E. I., V. V. Eremeev, N. A. Zhabko, and S. V. Pogozhev. "Degenerate problems of H-optimization for SISO LTI systems and realizability issues." Automation and Remote Control 76, no. 6 (June 2015): 1094–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0005117915060132.
Повний текст джерела
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Werg, Jana Lorena, Torsten Grothmann, and Stefan Löchtefeld. "Fostering Self-Protection against Impacts of Heavy Rain at the Municipal Level." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (June 22, 2021): 7019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Local governments are highly relevant actors when it comes to mitigating climate change impacts such as flooding. Not only do they need to implement regulatory and infrastructural measures, but they also need to promote complementing self-protective measures at the household level. The individual motivation of municipal actors to pursue climate adaptation can be important for the implementation of such measures, obviously alongside several other factors, such as financial and administrative issues. A questionnaire survey with a non-random sample of 77 local government actors from 15 of the 16 German federal states was conducted, focusing on potential key factors concerning the motivation to implement adaptation measures against hazardous impacts of heavy rain. Additionally, the perceived effectiveness and realizability of selected municipal structural measures and of activation measures promoting self-protective behavior were collected. It can be shown that the perceived realizability of adaptation measures as well as knowledge of risk and adaptation may be key factors in the motivation to implement both activation and structural measures, while motivation and implementation are only partially related. The results imply a need for the evaluation of activation measures and a need for further research on the motivation of municipal actors to implement activation measures.
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Rediniotis, Othon K., Jeonghwan Ko, and Andrew J. Kurdila. "Reduced Order Nonlinear Navier-Stokes Models for Synthetic Jets." Journal of Fluids Engineering 124, no. 2 (May 28, 2002): 433–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1467598.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
While the potential for the use of synthetic jet actuators to achieve flow control has been noted for some time, most of such flow control studies have been empirical or experimental in nature. Several technical issues must be resolved to achieve rigorous, model-based, closed-loop control methodologies for this class of actuators. The goal of this paper is consequently two-fold. First, we seek to derive and evaluate model order reduction methods based on proper orthogonal decomposition that are suitable for synthetic jet actuators. Second, we seek to derive rigorously stable feedback control laws for the derived reduced order models. The realizability of the control strategies is discussed, and a numerical study of the effectiveness of the reduced order models for two-dimensional flow near the jet exit is summarized.
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Chuong, Vu, Truong, and Jung. "An Analytical Design of Simplified Decoupling Smith Predictors for Multivariable Processes." Applied Sciences 9, no. 12 (June 18, 2019): 2487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9122487.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study, the issues of complicated interactions between process variables were solved by decoupling techniques; in particular, simplified decoupling was used due to its simplicity and robustness. A new approach to solving decoupling realizability was developed by using the modified particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. However, time delays still existed in the diagonal elements of the decoupled matrix, and they resulted in a more sophisticated controller design and sluggish responses in the outputs. To overcome the adverse effects of time delays, a Smith predictor, also known as a dead time compensator, is normally used. In this work, a Smith predictor structure in combination with simplified decoupling for multivariable processes was proposed in order to enhance system performances in terms of the servomechanism problem. The proportional integral or proportional integral derivative (PI/PID) controller tuning rules for several common industrial processes, such as first-order, second-order, and second-order with negative zero systems, were obtained. Many multivariable industrial processes were adopted to simulate the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of the servomechanism problem and robust response.
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Filenko, I. A., I. V. Atamanova, and S. A. Bogomaz. "Examining the Psychometric Characteristics of the Subjective Evaluation of Basic Values Realizability (SEBVR) Technique Designed for Value Orientation Studies." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 22, no. 4 (January 5, 2021): 1028–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-4-1028-1039.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article addresses the issues associated with increasing the reliability of research tools for value orientation studies. Despite the high demand, their methodology requires qualitative improvement. The research objective was to determine the psychometric characteristics of the Subjective Evaluation of Basic Values Realizability (SEBVR) technique. The study was based on the SEBVR technique and the Portrait Values Questionnaire-Revised (PVQ-R) by Schwartz. The data processing included factor analysis, correlation analysis, reliability analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and the Mann-Whitney U-test. The analysis involved 1,415 respondents aged 17–29. The authors clarified the factor structure of the SEBVR technique as represented by four scales. They evaluated the reliability characteristics of the internal consistency of the scales, their construct validity, and descriptive statistics for the main SEBVR indicators. The technique proved efficient in identifying differences between male and female respondents. According to its psychometric characteristics, the SEBVR technique appeared to be a fairly reliable research tool, which makes it possible to expand the possibilities of its use in applied research related to exploring young adults’ value orientations in the age group of 17–29 years.
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Filenko, I. A., I. V. Atamanova, and S. A. Bogomaz. "Examining the Psychometric Characteristics of the Subjective Evaluation of Basic Values Realizability (SEBVR) Technique Designed for Value Orientation Studies." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 22, no. 4 (January 5, 2021): 1028–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-4-1028-1039.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article addresses the issues associated with increasing the reliability of research tools for value orientation studies. Despite the high demand, their methodology requires qualitative improvement. The research objective was to determine the psychometric characteristics of the Subjective Evaluation of Basic Values Realizability (SEBVR) technique. The study was based on the SEBVR technique and the Portrait Values Questionnaire-Revised (PVQ-R) by Schwartz. The data processing included factor analysis, correlation analysis, reliability analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and the Mann-Whitney U-test. The analysis involved 1,415 respondents aged 17–29. The authors clarified the factor structure of the SEBVR technique as represented by four scales. They evaluated the reliability characteristics of the internal consistency of the scales, their construct validity, and descriptive statistics for the main SEBVR indicators. The technique proved efficient in identifying differences between male and female respondents. According to its psychometric characteristics, the SEBVR technique appeared to be a fairly reliable research tool, which makes it possible to expand the possibilities of its use in applied research related to exploring young adults’ value orientations in the age group of 17–29 years.
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Romanuke, Vadim. "Acceptable-and-attractive Approximate Solution of a Continuous Non-Cooperative Game on a Product of Sinusoidal Strategy Functional Spaces." Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences 46, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 173–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fcds-2021-0012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract A problem of solving a continuous noncooperative game is considered, where the player’s pure strategies are sinusoidal functions of time. In order to reduce issues of practical computability, certainty, and realizability, a method of solving the game approximately is presented. The method is based on mapping the product of the functional spaces into a hyperparallelepiped of the players’ phase lags. The hyperparallelepiped is then substituted with a hypercubic grid due to a uniform sampling. Thus, the initial game is mapped into a finite one, in which the players’ payoff matrices are hypercubic. The approximation is an iterative procedure. The number of intervals along the player’s phase lag is gradually increased, and the respective finite games are solved until an acceptable solution of the finite game becomes sufficiently close to the same-type solutions at the preceding iterations. The sufficient closeness implies that the player’s strategies at the succeeding iterations should be not farther from each other than at the preceding iterations. In a more feasible form, it implies that the respective distance polylines are required to be decreasing on average once they are smoothed with respective polynomials of degree 2, where the parabolas must be having positive coefficients at the squared variable.
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Ellis, George F. R. "Top-down causation and emergence: some comments on mechanisms." Interface Focus 2, no. 1 (September 29, 2011): 126–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2011.0062.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Both bottom-up and top-down causation occur in the hierarchy of structure and causation. A key feature is multiple realizability of higher level functions, and consequent existence of equivalence classes of lower level variables that correspond to the same higher level state. Five essentially different classes of top-down influence can be identified, and their existence demonstrated by many real-world examples. They are: algorithmic top-down causation; top-down causation via non-adaptive information control, top-down causation via adaptive selection, top-down causation via adaptive information control and intelligent top-down causation (the effect of the human mind on the physical world). Through the mind, abstract entities such as mathematical structures have causal power. The causal slack enabling top-down action to take place lies in the structuring of the system so as to attain higher level functions; in the way the nature of lower level elements is changed by context, and in micro-indeterminism combined with adaptive selection. Understanding top-down causation can have important effects on society. Two cases will be mentioned: medical/healthcare issues, and education—in particular, teaching reading and writing. In both cases, an ongoing battle between bottom-up and top-down approaches has important consequences for society.
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Vuletic, Milos. "What is modern in Locke's account of substance." Theoria, Beograd 47, no. 1-2 (2004): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/theo0402035v.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper Locke's account of substance is interpreted. Locke analyzes different meanings of the notion of substance, the origin of the ideas of substances and problems concerning their justification and function within our knowledge. Two meanings of the notion of substance appear to be most important and at the same time confronted with each other: the complex idea of substance and the idea of substratum. Bennett's claim that Locke didn't decide whether to keep or discard the idea of substratum is refuted. Locke discards only the scholastic concept of substratum as an indeterminate support in which accidents inhere, due to its inutility as an explanatory model. The idea of substratum is kept because it is indispensable for explanation of the necessary coexistence of simple ideas in complex idea of substance. This feature differentiates ideas of substances from ideas of mixed modes. The importance of this distinction in Locke's epistemology validates the use of the idea of substratum. Ayers' claim that Locke identifies ontologically substratum and real essence is confirmed. But, it is claimed that this identification cannot be applied to the issues of origin and justification of these ideas. In the course of the interpretation it is shown that Locke's account of substance is modern insofar as it contains anticipations of Berkeley's, Hume's and Kant's arguments and claims, as well as contemporary philosophical topics such as multiple realizability explanatory gap and logico-linguistic argumentation.
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Shimomura, Y., M. Yoshioka, H. Takeda, Y. Umeda, and T. Tomiyama. "Representation of Design Object Based on the Functional Evolution Process Model." Journal of Mechanical Design 120, no. 2 (June 1, 1998): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2826962.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One of the crucial issues for developing computer aided conceptual design system is representation of functions which represent designers’ intention. Representing functions is also crucial not only for representing design objects but also for describing conceptual design processes, in which designers operate mainly functional concepts. Namely, function is a key concept to integrate object modeling and process modeling in design. In this paper, first we extend the FBS (Function-Behavior-State) diagram, which we have already proposed, by introducing three additional concepts for representing a function; namely, function body that represents designers’ intention directly, function modifier that qualifies a function body, and objective entity on which the function body occurs. This extended FBS diagram, called FBS/m (modifier) diagram, enables us to represent designers’ intention more precisely than the original FBS diagram. Then, we propose an FEP (Functional Evolution Process) model to represent design processes. In the FEP model, the FBS model of a design object is evolved through three steps, i.e., functional actualization, functional evaluation and functional operation. Functional actualization depicts a process to obtain physical descriptions from functional description. Functional evaluation is a process to measure realizability of functions of the design object. Functional operation is a process to operate functions to improve the design. Based on the FEP model, we analyze an actual design process, and show that the FEP model is suitable for representing designers’ intention along with design processes.
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Matiychak, Aliona, and Nataliia Nikoriak. "“Iris” (2001) by Richard Eyre: Film Reception Specificity of the Writer’s Biography." Pitannâ lìteraturoznavstva, no. 105 (October 28, 2022): 94–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/pytlit2022.105.094.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article analyses the film reception issues of I. Murdoch’s biography in epistemological and historiographical perspectives. Due to the productive interaction of different types of biographical works, the mechanism of presentation / perception / cognition is mainly realized through references and reflection as an individual ability to supplement the “truth” of factual biographical material with other relations such as “interpretability”, “realizability” that form the so-called cognitive complex related to the perception peculiarities of biopic both as a separate genre and in the context of other biographical genres: memoirs, literary biography, etc. In the global context of biopics about writers, the film “Iris” (2001), directed by Richard Eyre, is perceived quite ambiguously. This receptive „ambiguity” is explained by the fact that R. Eyre deviates to some extent from the established canons of the biopic genre, building his plot on the contrast of two planes of relations between famous intellectuals – Bayley and Murdoch – as young, talented, charismatic, open-minded in her relationships Iris and as an elderly woman suffering from an incurable disease. Since it is almost impossible to cover her life in all its manifestations and activities in one perspective, the director resorts to intermedial dimensions and techniques of presenting biographical material. Relying on the documentary basis and memoirs of Murdoch’s husband John Bayley (“Elegy of Iris” and “Iris and Her Friends”), due to chronotopic shifts, television biography in the biopic, excerpts from Murdoch’s lectures, emphasizing her quotes scattered in the film, R. Eyre frames his model of Murdoch’s biography. This strategy allowed him, albeit fragmentarily, to show one of the world's smartest women in various guises: as a writer, as a philosopher and as an ordinary person, recreating the happiest and the most tragic fragments of her life, especially during the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.
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Grigorenko, Ekaterina. "The Pragmatic Concept of the Truth – Communication Theory in Analytical Philosophy." Ideas and Ideals 13, no. 2-1 (June 15, 2021): 200–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2021-13.2.1-200-212.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article analyzes the pragmatic concept of truth in analytical philosophy. Attention is focused on its main ideas – generality of thoughts, practical use. The paper presents the main ideas of representatives of the pragmatic concept of truth: J. Austin, H. P. Grice, P. Strawson. The pragmatic concept of truth is one of the main concepts in the analytical philosophy of language. This concept is characterized by the ideas of practicality and demand of knowledge, the definability of truth by a person. According to this concept, the true idea is the one that solves certain issues, and the false idea is an almost impossible idea. The paper proves the hypothesis that it is the pragmatic concept of true meaning formation that is most acceptable for its understanding and development, rather than the corresponding one aimed at matching the concept to the object. It is also stated that the desire for unity of thoughts and their practical applicability are the main and popular ideas in the process of forming, understanding and using meaning. The author presents the idea that the pragmatic concept of true knowledge is aimed at solving issues of communication, speech communication, and establishing a dialogue between interlocutors. In contrast to this concept, the corresponding and coherent concepts of truth are characterized by a strict correspondence of the concept to the subject, as well as a clear relationship between the concepts in the sentence. The paper proves that it is the pragmatic concept that makes it possible to form, interpret and implement meanings in communication, thus providing an individual opportunity to use their own ideas and aspirations. Here it should be noted that the corresponding or coherent concepts represent a model in which a sample of the description and characteristics of the material world is expressed. Thus, the model of an ideal language, expressing a strict scheme of perception, interpretation and understanding of reality, restricts a person’s ability to individually understand and implement the formulated ideas. The article presents a version of the failure of the corresponding, coherent concepts of truth, since they do not provide a person with the opportunity for reasoning, for the independent search for truth by each of us and the development of speech communication. It is also argued that it is the ideas of the pragmatic concept of truth - the community of ideas, the desire to transfer knowledge to each other, the realizability of ideas that are the basis of communication and are the main ones in the development of speech communication. The subject of the article is the pragmatic concept of truth, its main ideas and representatives in analytical philosophy. Methods used in the research: hermeneutical, analytical and pragmatic.
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Mikki, Said. "Artificial General Intelligence and Noncomputability: A Dynamical Framework." Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Consciousness, February 6, 2023, 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2705078522500163.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Achieving genuine (human-level) artificial general intelligence (AGI) is one of the major goals of computer science, engineering, psychology, neuroscience, and mathematics. In this paper, we critically reexamine the relation between natural intelligence and artificial intelligence at a fairly general theoretical level. After identifying four major structural themes in natural intelligence, we move to the issue of AGI implementation through physical computing machines. Motivated by Penrose’s Gödelian argument refuting the thesis of AGI realizability via Turing machines, we formulate several theses on the noncomputable character of AGI systems. In particular, we support the claim that infinitary noncomputability might constitute a viable path toward future AGI implementations, especially if coupled with nonlocality and a nonclassical probabilistic structure such as those in the quantum world. A theoretical mathematical framework for realizing AGI through non-Markovian stochastic dynamic systems is then presented and illustrated by describing multi-agent AGI assemblages comprised of interconnected dynamic agents. We envision that such networked dynamical assemblages might be powered by noncomputable physics or arranged in an infinitary structure.
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Madan, Chetan, Harshita Diddee, Deepika Kumar, and Mamta Mittal. "CodeFed: Federated Speech Recognition for Low-Resource Code-Switching Detection." ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing, November 17, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3571732.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One common constraint in the practical application of speech recognition is Code Switching. The issue of code-switched languages is especially aggravated in the context of Indian languages - since most massively multilingual models are trained on corpora that are not representative of the diverse set of Indian languages. An associated constraint with such systems is the privacy-intrusive nature of the applications that aim to collate such representative data. To collectively mitigate both problems, this works presents CodeFed: A federated learning-based code-switching detection model that can be deployed to collaboratively trained by leveraging private data from multiple users, without compromising their privacy. Using a representative low-resource Indic dataset, we demonstrate the superior performance of a collaboratively trained global model that is trained using federated learning on three low-resource Indic languages - Gujarati, Tamil and Telugu and draw a comparison of the model with respect to most current work in the field. Finally, to evaluate the practical realizability of the proposed system, CodeFed also discusses the system overview of the label generation architecture which may accompany CodeFed’s possible real-time deployment.
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Rezaian, Elnaz, Cheng Huang, and Karthik Duraisamy. "Non-intrusive balancing transformation of highly stiff systems with lightly damped impulse response." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 380, no. 2229 (June 20, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2021.0202.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Balanced truncation (BT) is a model reduction method that uses a coordinate transformation to retain eigen-directions that are highly observable and reachable. To address realizability and scalability of BT applied to highly stiff and lightly damped systems, a non-intrusive data-driven method is developed for balancing discrete-time linear systems via the eigensystem realization algorithm (ERA). The advantage of ERA for balancing transformation makes full-state outputs tractable. Further, ERA enables balancing despite stiffness, by eliminating computation of balancing modes and adjoint simulations. As a demonstrative example, we create balanced reduced-order models (ROMs) for a one-dimensional reactive flow with pressure forcing, where the stiffness introduced by the chemical source term is extreme (condition number 10 13 ), preventing analytical implementation of BT. We investigate the performance of ROMs in prediction of dynamics with unseen forcing inputs and demonstrate stability and accuracy of balanced ROMs in truly predictive scenarios, whereas without ERA, proper orthogonal decomposition-Galerkin and least-squares Petrov–Galerkin projections fail to represent the true dynamics. We show that after the initial transients under unit impulse forcing, the system undergoes lightly damped oscillations, which magnifies the influence of sampling properties on predictive performance of the balanced ROMs. We propose an output domain decomposition approach and couple it with tangential interpolation to resolve sharp gradients at reduced computational costs. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Data-driven prediction in dynamical systems’.
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Ferraro, Federica, Sandro Gierth, Steffen Salenbauch, Wang Han, and Christian Hasse. "Soot particle size distribution reconstruction in a turbulent sooting flame with the split-based extended method of moments." Physics of Fluids, June 4, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0098382.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Method of Moments (MOM) has largely been applied to investigate sooting laminar and turbulent flames. However, the classical MOM is not able to characterize a continuous particle size distribution (PSD). Without access to information on the PSD, it is difficult to accurately take into account particle oxidation, which is crucial for shrinking and eliminating soot particles. Recently, the Split-based Extended Quadrature Method of Moments (S-EQMOM) has been proposed as a numerically robust alternative to overcome this issue (Salenbauch et al., 2019). The main advantage is that a continuous particle number density function can be reconstructed by superimposing kernel density functions (KDF). Moreover, the S-EQMOM primary nodes are determined individually for each KDF, improving the moment realizability. <p>In this work, the S-EQMOM is combined with a Large Eddy Simulation/presumed-PDF flamelet/progress variable approach for predicting soot formation in the Delft Adelaide Flame III. The target flame features low/high sooting propensity/intermittency and comprehensive flow/scalar/soot data are available for model validation. Simulation results are compared with the experimental data for both the gas phase and the particulate phase. A good quantitative agreement has been obtained especially in terms of the soot volume fraction. The reconstructed PSD reveals predominantly unimodal/bimodal distributions in the first/downstream portion of this flame, with particle diameters smaller than 100 nm. By investigating the instantaneous and statistical sooting behavior at the flame tip, it has been found that the experimentally observed soot intermittency is linked to mixture fraction fluctuations around its stoichiometric value that exhibit a bimodal probability density function.
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"Consciousness regained? Philosophical arguments for and against reductive physicalism." Cognitive Systems 14, no. 1 (March 2012): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31887/dcns.2012.14.1/tsturm.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper is an overview of recent discussions concerning the mind-body problem, which is being addressed at the interface between philosophy and neuroscience. It focuses on phenomenal features of consciousness or "qualia," which are distinguished from various related issues. Then follows a discussion of various influential skeptical arguments that question the possibility of reductive explanations of qualia in physicalist terms: knowledge arguments, conceivability arguments, the argument of multiple realizability, and the explanatory gap argument. None of the arguments is found to be very convincing. It does not necessarily follow that reductive physicalism is the only option, but it is defensible. However, constant conceptual and methodological reflection is required, alongside ongoing research, to keep such a view free from dogmatism and naivety.