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Статті в журналах з теми "Real estate"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 29 липня 2024

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1

Chen, Jie, and Shawn Ni. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 14, no. 2 (August 31, 2011): 208–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100140.

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The price-to-rent ratio, a common yardstick for the value of housing, is difficult to estimate when rental properties are poor substitutes of owner-occupied homes. In this study, we estimate price-to-rent ratios of residential properties in two major cities in China, where urban high-rises (estates) comprise both rental and owner-occupied units. We conduct Bayesian inference on estate-specific parameters by using information of rental units to elicit priors of the unobserved rents of units sold in the same estate. We find that the price-to-rent ratios tend to be higher for low-end properties. We discuss economic explanations for the phenomenon and the policy implications.

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2

Liu, Ya Chen, Wan Bo Liu, and Meng Xiao Sun. "Analysis of Risk of Commercial Real Estate Based on Multiple Attribute Group Decision-Making." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 1920–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.1920.

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Abstract: Commercial real estate is the real estate primarily used for commercial. This paper proposes using the multi-attribute group decision method to identifying the risks of commercial real estate. By calculating the weight of each risk attributes to reflect the degree of influence of different decision makers and risks on the results,and to deduce the degree of similarity and diversity of each decision makers. It introduces the concept of entropy to calculate the weight of each risk attributes, infer the integrated decision-making value of very risk factors, and arrange every risk in order. Finally, it identifies the feasibility. Introduction Commercial real estates are real estates for commercial purposes classified according to use. They include retail shops, supermarkets, community business, commercial plazas, shopping malls and so on. Compared with residential real estate, commercial real estate has larger profits. However, high profits always accompanied with high risk. Developers can obtain the value of compensation and benefits after sold residential real estate, while the payback periods of commercial real estates are longer, even extended to the entire project duration, and are affected by various factors. The risks of commercial real estate including policy risk, funding risk, operational risk, urban planning risk, technology risk, natural risk, market supply and demand risk, capital risk and so on. Previous studies based mainly on qualitative research[1-3], but quantitative analysis of risk identification is less. Based on this, this paper proposes a method of multiple attribute group decision.

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3

Munoz Cabanes, Alberto, Alfonso Herrero de Egana, and Arturo Romero. "Real option analysis. The viability of real estate projects." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 17, no. 4 (December 8, 2020): 271–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(4).2020.24.

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Traditional methods used for real estate project valuation, such as the static Net Present Value, have some limitations, as these methods do not consider the possibility of a change in the initial conditions of the project or during its development. On the other hand, the real options approach allows for flexibility in evaluating a real estate project, improving the decision-making process as it helps identify the optimal strategy and timing for the construction phases. The paper deals with evaluating an actual real estate project in La Rioja (Spain) using different options to estimate its final Net Present Value. The results show that the real estate project would be profitable under several scenarios, although the valuations can vary significantly among the different types of options. This is because some options add more value to the project than others, depending on their cost and the uncertainty they eliminate. In contrast, the results obtained using the traditional static method would have led a real estate developer to discard the project completely, as its Net Present Value would have been negative. This confirms that the introduction of flexibility in real estate developments creates additional value by allowing developers and investors to dynamically react to changes in the market, thus making better investment decisions and finding real estate investment opportunities that otherwise would not be considered at all.

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4

Stanković, Dragan. "ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF SPECIFIC FACTORS ON REAL ESTATE PRICES IN THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA." Acta Economica 20, no. 37 (December 29, 2022): 123–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/ace2237123s.

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The work deals with the analysis of the real estate market and the specificities of the formation of real estate prices in the Republic of Srpska. The specificity is reflected, among other things, in the definition of the market value of real estate if the prices are known from the sales contracts entered in the Real Estate Price Register (formed on the basis of supply and demand for apartments), the formation of value zones (location factor), the value tables (relational tables and value levels), the additional factors of influence (factor of the position of the apartment in the building) and equations for estimating the value of the real estate. The analysis was done using the CAMA algorithm. The research results show that real estate prices from the Real Estate Price Register and real estate prices calculated according to the CAMA algorithm are 70% accurate, i.e. they are within the permitted deviation interval of +,- 10 %, which means that the CAMA algorithm can also be used for real estates that have not been registered in the Real Estate Price Register yet.

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5

Canavan, Tony, C. E. B. Brett, Michael O'Connell, Terence Brown, Nessa Roche, and Patrick McAfee. "Real Estate." Books Ireland, no. 230 (2000): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20632068.

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6

Firstenberg, Paul M., Stephen A. Ross, and Randall C. Zisler. "Real estate." Journal of Portfolio Management 14, no. 3 (April 30, 1988): 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpm.1988.409154.

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7

Willis, P. "Real Estate." Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment 4, no. 1 (April 1, 1997): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isle/4.1.111.

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8

Gorringe, Hugo, and D. Karthikeyan. "Real Estate." South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies 40, no. 2 (December 21, 2016): 389–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00856401.2016.1238057.

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9

Straw, Joseph. "Real Estate." Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship 8, no. 3-4 (March 2003): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j109v08n03_13.

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10

Adcock, Fleur. "Real Estate." Ploughshares 41, no. 1 (2015): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/plo.2015.0010.

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11

ADACHI, Motohiro. "Real Estate Finance Technology and Real Estate Securitization." Japanese Journal of Real Estate Sciences 16, no. 3 (2002): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5736/jares1985.16.3_78.

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12

Anderson, Randy I., Sebastian Krautz, and Nico B. Rottke. "Is real estate private equity real estate? - Dynamic interactions between real estate private equity funds, non-real estate private equity funds, and direct real estate investments." Journal of Property Research 33, no. 3 (July 2, 2016): 252–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09599916.2016.1209781.

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13

Kumar, Govind, Priyanka Makkar, and Dr Yojna Arora. "Real Estate Price Prediction." International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer Science & Technology 8, no. 6 (November 2020): 371–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijircst.2020.8.6.1.

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14

RADZIŁOWICZ, Marcin. "PROCESY TWORZENIA GMINNEGO ZASOBU NIERUCHOMOŚCI." Civitas et Lex 7, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/cetl.2124.

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Анотація:

The key issue is indicating a method of establishing municipal real estate resources. This willgive an answer to how a municipality self government becomes the owner or perpetual lessee ofa real estate. Real estates become a part of municipal real estate resources mainly as a result ofexecution of communalization regulations. Furthermore, the resources become larger due to theexecution of the pre-emption right, by acquisitive prescription, statutory inheritance or transfer ofa property. Due to the fact that every local self government unit has its own real estate resources,processes of establishing these are of crucial importance.

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15

Schernthanner, Harald, Hartmut Asche, Julia Gonschorek, and Lasse Scheele. "Spatial Modeling and Geovisualization of Rental Prices for Real Estate portals." International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems 8, no. 2 (April 2017): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaeis.2017040106.

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From a geoinformation science perspective real estate portals apply non-spatial methods to analyse and visualise rental price data. Their approach shows considerable shortcomings. Portal operators neglect real estate agents' mantra that exactly three things are important in real estates: location, location and location (Stroisch, 2010). Although real estate portals retacord the spatial reference of their listed apartments, geocoded address data is used insufficiently for analyses and visualisation, and in many cases the data is just used to “pin” map the listings. To date geoinformation science, spatial statistics and geovisualization play a minor role for real estate portals in analysing and visualising their housing data. This contribution discusses the analytical and geovisual status quo of real estate portals and addresses the most serious deficits of the employed non-spatial methods. Alternative analysing approaches from geostatistics, machine learning and geovisualization demonstrate potentials to optimise real estate portals´ analysing and visualisation capacities.

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16

Wygaś, Sebastian. "DETERMINANTS OF REAL ESTATE EVALUATION IN THE ASPECT OF CREDITOR’S DECISION – MAKING PROCESS." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas Zarządzanie 19, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 259–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.0535.

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Real estate evaluation carried by real estate appraisers allows to assess market value of the mortgage loan collateral. Appraisal report is often considered by creditor as mandatory requirement. Real estate evaluations are required by creditors to be in accordance with their guidelines and recommendations. Considering the above an analysis of guidelines of ING Bank Śląski S.A., Bank Millennium S.A. and Alior Bank S.A. for appraisal reports of real estates considered as collaterals was performed. Purpose of the following paper is to present and compare chosen solutions concerning evaluation process of real estate considered as claims collateral as well as propose good practices in this area.

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17

Hełdak, Maria, Agnieszka Stacherzak, and Vivita Baumane. "Real Estate Value Tax Based on the Latvian Experience." Real Estate Management and Valuation 22, no. 4 (February 6, 2015): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/remav-2014-0037.

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Abstract The article deals with the subject of the planned real estate changes in Poland as viewed in relation to the solutions accepted in Latvia. The current basis for real estate tax is a set fee per 1m² of the estate’s area established in a town council resolution, taking into account the maximum fees established by the Minister of Finances. Currently, the owners of real estates with identical area often pay the same tax regardless of the location, condition and function of the real estate formulated in the plan. The cadastral tax currently in preparation addresses these and other features which influence the value of real estate. A set cadastral value approximate to the market value will serve as the basis for determining the cadastral tax. The principles of real estate tax retrieval in Poland are not clearly established which is why it might prove useful to use the experience of other countries undergoing similar governmental changes. The article makes references to tax solutions recognized in Latvia in the domain of tax fees, valuation principles and problems accompanying real estate tax retrieval.

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18

Newell, Graeme. "The changing real estate market transparency in the European real estate markets." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 34, no. 4 (July 4, 2016): 407–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-07-2015-0053.

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Purpose – Real estate market transparency is an important factor in real estate investment and occupier decision making. The purpose of this paper is to assess real estate transparency over 2004-2014 to determine whether the European real estate markets have become more transparent in a regional and global context. Design/methodology/approach – Using the JLL real estate transparency index over 2004-2014, changes in real estate market transparency are assessed for 102 real estate markets. This JLL real estate market transparency index is also assessed against corruption levels and business competitiveness in these markets. Findings – Improvements in real estate transparency are clearly evident in many European real estate markets, with several of these European real estate markets seen to be the major improvers in transparency from a global real estate markets perspective. Practical implications – Institutional investors and occupiers see real estate market transparency as a key factor in their strategic real estate investment and occupancy decision making. By assessing changes in real estate transparency across 102 real estate markets, investors and occupiers are able to make more informed real estate investment decisions across the global real estate markets. In particular, this relates to both investors and occupiers being able to more fully understand the risk dimensions of their international real estate decisions. Originality/value – This paper is the first paper to assess the dynamics of real estate market transparency over 2004-2014, with a particular focus on the 33 European real estate markets in a global context to facilitate more informed real estate investment and occupancy decision making.

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19

Olaleye, Abel, and Benjamin Ekemode. "Integration between real estate equity and non-real estate equity." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 32, no. 3 (April 1, 2014): 244–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-10-2013-0063.

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Purpose – The paper examined the long-run relationship between real estate equity (property listed stock) and non-real estate equity (common stock) in the Nigerian capital market and established the integration between the investments. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The data collected comprised quarterly returns on property listed stock and All Share Index for the period of January 1999-December 2011. The calculated quarterly returns of the investments were subjected to the Philip-Person unit root test after which the integration between the investments was analysed using the Johansson integration test. Findings – The results showed that real estate equity performed better the non-real estate equity but with corresponding higher risk level. Also, real estate equity had a slightly lower performance when compared with non-real estate equity on return/risk ratio basis. The findings showed that property listed stock (real estate equity) was integrated with common stock or non-real estate equity and suggest that the Nigerian listed property stock, by nature, was similar to REITs. This result negates the belief that property listed stock's returns are integrated with direct real estate market and are often influenced by the returns of the underlying direct real estate assets. Practical implications – The paper implied that while investors could consider investing in real estate equity and earn better return than investing in common equity in the Nigerian capital market, the inclusion of both in a domestic portfolio could be expected to bring little or no diversification benefit. Originality/value – The paper is one of the few attempts at assessing the long-run relationship between property listed stock as a form of real estate equity and non-real estate equity and especially from African emerging market perspective.

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20

Cunningham, Barry J. "Property Rights and the Real Estate Appraiser." Business Valuation Review 42, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5791/0882-2875-42.1.11.

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This article provides the business appraiser with a better understanding of how real estate appraisers think about property rights and the distinctions they make between fee simple and leased fee estates. It also discusses two areas where a property rights issue could lead to understating intangible assets in real estate centric entities. Two brief case studies are used to demonstrate where problems can arise and how to resolve them. This is a primer to foster more in-depth discussion in future papers from the appraisal community.

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21

Giliberto, Michael. "Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts and Real Estate Returns." Journal of Real Estate Research 5, no. 2 (January 1, 1990): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10835547.1990.12090615.

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22

Bouillon, Marvin, and Richard Carter. "University Real Estate Programs and Local Real Estate Economies." Journal of Real Estate Practice and Education 12, no. 2 (January 1, 2009): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10835547.2009.12091663.

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23

Gholipour Fereidouni, Hassan, and Tajul Ariffin Masron. "Real estate market factors and foreign real estate investment." Journal of Economic Studies 40, no. 4 (August 30, 2013): 448–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-05-2011-0066.

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24

Ma, Yukun, Bin Xu, and Xiaofei Xu. "Real Estate Confidence Index Based on Real Estate News." Emerging Markets Finance and Trade 54, no. 4 (October 25, 2017): 747–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1540496x.2016.1232193.

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25

Likos, Mustafa, Mahir Nakip, and Aytaç Gökmen. "Real Estate Marketing and Factors Impacting Real Estate Purchasing." International Journal of Applied Management Sciences and Engineering 6, no. 2 (July 2019): 15–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijamse.2019070102.

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The purpose of the study is to introduce factors impact on purchasing behavior in real estate marketing. The seven factors analyzed—location, structural factor, neighborhood, social factor, reference group, financial, advertising—have a direct effect on real estate purchasing behavior. A questionnaire prepared for this purpose was applied to 235 randomly selected people and the collected data were analyzed by variance analysis method. According to the results of the statistical analysis, factors such as location, structural factor, social factor, neighborhood, financial, advertising factor influence the purchasing behavior of the real estate, and it is observed that the reference groups do not affect the purchasing behavior.

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26

Sell, Zach. "Real Estate Questions." History of the Present 10, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 46–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/21599785-8221416.

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Abstract Historians of the United States have often described slavery as guided by the chattel principle. Yet in Black Reconstruction, W. E. B. Du Bois wrote, “No matter how degraded the factory hand, he is not real estate.” This article builds upon Du Bois’s description of slavery’s real estate basis and considers real estate as central to both slavery and territorial expansion in the nineteenth-century United States. Real estate formed the basis of slaveholder family stability and also enabled the intergenerational transfer of wealth. The article also considers the continuing influence of real estate after black emancipation. Real estate enabled post-slavery black dispossession and also facilitated the continuation of the United States as a settler empire.

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27

Sari, Yeptadian. "STUDI EMPIRIS PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN NILAI PADA PENGEMBANGAN REAL ESTATE DI SURABAYA." NALARs 16, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/nalars.16.1.85-90.

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ABSTRAK. Penerapan sebuah metode dalam pengembangan real estat sangat dibutuhkan agar memastikan proyek berjalan dengan lancar. Terdapat metode yang mampu meningkatkan nilai proyek dan bahkan membuang biaya yang tidak perlu dalam proyek yang disebut dengan metode manajemen nilai atau value management (VM). Metode ini masih jarang digunakan di Indonesia namun sebagian besar pengembang real estat di Surabaya mengaplikasikannya. Penelitian ini mencari tahu tentang studi empiris dari penerapan VM pada pengembangan real estat di Surabaya, lebih spesifiknya yaitu mencari tahu tentang bagaimana VM digunakan di perusahaan pengembang real estat di Surabaya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksploratif dengan metode penelitian analisa statistik deskriptif. Metode penentuan sampel dengan non-probabiliti sampling gabungan, yaitu dengan purposive sampling yang dilanjutkan dengan snowball sampling. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan survei dengan alat kuesioner. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa 80% perusahaan pengembang real estat di Surabaya tidak memiliki pelaksana desain dan pelaksana proyek sendiri, dan mereka tidak dilibatkan dalam tujuan proyek sejak tahap preliminary, mereka baru dilibatkan sejak tahap desain konseptual. Selain itu, penelitian ini menemukan fakta bahwa 60% petinggi perusahaan pengembang real estat mengasumsikan bahwa manajemen nilai (VM) adalah rekayasa nilai (VE). Kata kunci : real estate, manajemen nilai, studi empiris. ABSTRACT. The application of a method in real estate development process is needed in order to ensure the project runs smoothly. There are methods that can indrease the value of the project and even discard the unnecessary cost of the project called value management. Many practitioners of real estate development in Surabaya claim that they always apply value management method. However, based on empirical data, it is known that not much research of value management in Surabaya. Thepurpose of this paper is to determine the empirical study of VM by the practitioners of real estate development in Surabaya. This is an exploratory research with statistic descriptive analysis that is used to achieve the research objectives. The sample taking and respondent determination are applied by a purposive sampling followed by snowball sampling. Data collection techniques use a survey by distributing the questionnaires. Outcome of the analysis indicate that 80% of real estate development companies in Surabaya do not have executive design and project implementers. Design implementers and project officers are not involved in achieving the objectives of the project, these professionals began to be involved in the conceptual stages of design. Beside, this research finds that 60% of practitioners assume that VM is VE. Keywords : real estate, value management, empirical study.

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Beka, Agron, and Agon Beka. "Criminality With Real Estate in Kosovo." International Journal of Religion 5, no. 11 (June 15, 2024): 1232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.61707/1sy6dh70.

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Criminality with real estates can be expressed in different forms, such as through: "money laundering", corruption, fraud, usurpation of immovable properties, falsification of ownership documentation, which is of particular importance in the field of immovable property turnover, etc. In Kosovo, the "dark number" and the "gray number" are present at a high level of organized crime in the field of real estate turnover and despite the preventive and repressive measures that have been undertaken in Kosovo, focusing on strengthening the institutions of justice system (prosecutor, police, judiciary, financial intelligence services, etc.), in order to prevent and fight this type of criminality, the success achieved in this aspect is still insufficient. For this reason, public confidence is weak regarding the results achieved in the fight against organized crime in the field of real estate turnover in Kosovo.

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Ashok, Dasari. "Estimating the Price of Real Estate Properties with the Help of Online Images." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 16933–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.16933ecst.

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Анотація:

When it comes to property investment pricing, it may be tough for homebuyers to understand and compare. A number of estate evaluation methods have been developed in order to analyze real estate, however they are constrained by the traditional data sources for estate assessment. Potential exists, however, to collect and analyze property-related mobile data when new ways of doing things arise. Use estates' geographical dependency to increase the value of a property. The New York Times reports that a property's value may be determined by its own characteristics, the value of neighboring homes in a neighborhood (individual), and the profitability of its company has to do with (zone). There is a great need for real estate agents these days, since they offer easy and fast access to real estate information on the internet.

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30

Dogan, Can, and John Can Topuz. "Real effects of real estate: evidence from unemployment rates." Studies in Economics and Finance 37, no. 4 (June 10, 2020): 605–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sef-03-2019-0124.

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the relationship between residential real estate prices and unemployment rates at the Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) level. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a long time-series of MSA-level quarterly data from 1990 to 2018. It uses an instrumental variable approach to estimate the effects of residential real estate prices on unemployment rates using the geography-based land constraints measure of Saiz (2010) as the instrument. Findings The results show that changes in residential real estate prices do not have a causal effect on unemployment rates in the same quarter. However, it takes 9-12 months for an increase (decrease) in real estate prices to decrease (increase) unemployment rates. This effect is significant during both pre- and post-financial crisis periods and robust to control for the economic characteristics of MSAs. Research limitations/implications This paper contributes to the emerging literature that studies the real effects of real estate. Particularly, the methodology and the findings can be used to investigate causal relationships between housing prices and small business development or economic growth. The findings are also of interest to policymakers and practitioners as they illustrate how and when real estate price shocks propagate to the real economy through unemployment rates. Practical implications This study’s findings have important implications for academics, policymakers and investors as they provide evidence of a snowball effect associated with shocks to real estate prices: increasing (decreasing) unemployment rates following a decrease (increase) in real estate prices exacerbates the real estate price movements and their economic consequences. Originality/value This paper analyzes a significantly longer period, from 1990 to 2018, than the existing literature. Additionally, it uses the MSA-level land unavailability measure of Saiz (2010) as an instrument to explore the effects of residential real estate prices on unemployment rates and when those effects are observed in the real economy.

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31

Ke, Xiao Ling, Feng Qin Diao, and Ke Jun Zhu. "A Real Option Model Suitable for Real Estate Project Investment Decision." Advanced Materials Research 225-226 (April 2011): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.225-226.234.

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Real estate investment is distinctively different from others with its high input capital, long period of recycling, huge fluctuation of house price and high sensitivity to other factors. The traditional decision method could not make a rational judgment of the flexible management value in real estate project investment. With regards to the policy and market features of real estate investment in China, a real option model suitable for real estate project investment decision under high uncertainty in China is constructed. At last, a case of a real estate company is studied to test the real estate investment decision model.

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32

Sing, Tien, and Kok Weng Loh. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 17, no. 1 (April 30, 2014): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100178.

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The study tests the predictability of excess returns on four global asset classes that include Shariah-compliant (SC) real estate, SC stocks, conventional real estate and real estate investment trusts (REITs). Based on weekly excess returns from January 2001 to December 2010, our empirical results do not reject the hypothesis that Shariah compliance risk is significantly priced in the excess returns of a portfolio of the four global asset classes. Shariah compliance risk and real estate risk are mutually exclusive. Fund managers will only price one common Shariah compliance risk in a pure real estate portfolio that consists of SC real estate, conventional real estate and REITs.

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33

Grabovyy, Petr Grigor'evich, Roman Vyacheslavovich Volkov, and Valentin Valentinovich Volgin. "Intelligent real estate management." Real estate: economics, management, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2073-8412-2023-1-16-20.

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The article analyzes the state and use of intelligent real estate management technologies. It is argued that intelligent real estate management is based on information and digital methods. The key factors in the transition to intellectual real estate management have been pointed out. Breakthrough technologies as a tool for the transition to intelligent management are considered. The analysis of digital assets, digital real estate, digital real estate passports is given. The importance of big data in real estate management is demonstrated. The influence of building information modelling (TIM) technology on the development of the intelligent property management, with the possibility of using artificial neural networks for real estate valuation, is noted. The application of multi-criteria real estate valuation methods, as well as the possibilities of multi-agent systems as a means of intellectual property management, are described. The application of nine modern technologies, called the “Big Nine”, as a means of supporting intelligent real estate management is discussed in detail.

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34

Lee, Mei-Hsing, Chien-Wen Peng, and Hsueh-Fei Liao. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 23, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 483–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100311.

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Most existing studies on the behavior of real estate appraisers focus on the issues around the independence of the appraiser. This study uses a questionnaire to measure the objectivity of real estate appraisers which involves six indicators related to the appraisal process, and divides the factors that affect the objectivity of real estate appraisers in Taiwan into four categories, namely, the opinion of the appraiser regarding the future development of the real estate appraisal industry, current real estate appraisal approaches and behavior of other appraisers, and the characteristics of real estate appraisers and their firms. The empirical results reveal that the income of appraisers relative to other professionals and public opinion in relation to the fairness of real estate appraisers are the two most important factors that affect the objectivity of real estate appraisers. Furthermore, the work experience of the appraiser, total revenue of the real estate appraisal firm, and independence of the final appraisal result all significantly and positively affect the objectivity of the real estate appraisers, and the awareness of a lack of appraisers in the market significantly and negatively affects their objectivity. These findings are helpful to the healthy development of real estate appraisal and its related industries.

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35

Stoilov, Todor, Krasimira Stoilova, and Miroslav Vladimirov. "Decision Making in Real Estate: Portfolio Approach." Cybernetics and Information Technologies 21, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cait-2021-0041.

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Abstract An investment policy is suggested about assets on real estate markets. Such analysis recommends investments in non-financial assets and optimization of the results from such decisions. The formalization of the investment policy is based on the portfolio theory for asset allocation. Two main criteria are applied for the decision making: return and risk. The decision support is based on Mean-Variance portfolio model. A dynamical and adaptive investment policy is derived for active portfolio management. Sliding procedure in time with definition and solution of a set of portfolio problems is applied. The decision defines the relative value of the investment to which real estates are to be allocated. The regional real estate markets of six Bulgarian towns, which identify the regions with potential for investments, are compared. The added value of the paper results in development of algorithm for a quantitative analysis of real estate markets, based on portfolio theory.

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36

Veuger, Jan. "Digitalization Real Estate on American Real Estate Society 2018: A Dramatic and Irreversible Shift in Real Estate Systems." Journal of Business and Economics 10, no. 5 (May 20, 2019): 380–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/05.10.2019/002.

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The 34th annual congress of April 10-14 this year took place in Bonita Springs (Florida) where the professionals in real-estate education and research discussed six themes: global economy and capital flows, real estate market cycles, demographic effects, future-proof real estate, disruption in technology and future educational models.

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37

Maennig, Wolfgang, and Matthias Ottmann. "Perspektiven des deutschen Immobilienmarktes und wirtschaftspolitische Herausforderungen." Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik 12, no. 2 (May 2011): 192–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2516.2011.00363.x.

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AbstractThe current population forecasts bode ill for “the” real estate market in Germany: The regionally differing decreases in population will affect both the office and residential real estate market, however, not to the same extent. A reduction of property values with impacts on the economic activity and growth may follow. Due to potentially more restrictive technical requirements in order to slow down climate change investment losses in the real estate business could even be increased if no stronger international demand for property on the German real estate market can be generated through a higher level of transparency. An improved family policy, more incentives for internationals to migrate to Germany (which is where universities could play a significant role) as well as programs for the maintenance of existing facilities and their energy-efficient upgrading could be essential elements within a strategy for real estates.

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38

Salzman, Diego, and Remco C. J. Zwinkels. "Behavioral Real Estate." Journal of Real Estate Literature 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 77–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10835547.2017.12090455.

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39

Goebel, Paul R., and C. F. Sirmans. "Real Estate Finance." Journal of Finance 40, no. 5 (December 1985): 1511. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2328129.

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40

Dale-Johnson, David, and Sherman J. Maisel. "Real Estate Finance." Journal of Finance 43, no. 1 (March 1988): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2328336.

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41

NAKAJO, Yasuhiko. "Real Estate Management." Japanese Journal of Real Estate Sciences 23, no. 2 (2009): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5736/jares.23.2_33.

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42

Hudson-Wilson, Susan. "Why Real Estate?" Journal of Portfolio Management 28, no. 1 (October 31, 2001): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2001.319820.

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43

Hudson-Wilson, Susan, Frank J. Fabozzi, and Jacques N. Gordon. "Why Real Estate?" Journal of Portfolio Management 29, no. 5 (January 31, 2003): 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2003.319902.

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44

Hudson-Wilson, Susan, Jacques N. Gordon, Frank J. Fabozzi, Mark J. P. Anson, and S. Michael Giliberto. "Why Real Estate?" Journal of Portfolio Management 31, no. 5 (September 30, 2005): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2005.593883.

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45

Ruff, Jon. "Commercial Real Estate." Journal of Portfolio Management 33, no. 5 (September 30, 2007): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2007.698903.

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46

Deisenrieder, Barbara. "Real Estate Controlling." Controlling & Management 50, no. 6 (December 2006): 346–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s12176-006-0569-0.

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47

Sackley, William H. "Why Real Estate?" CFA Digest 32, no. 2 (May 2002): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/dig.v32.n2.1097.

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48

Miller, Daren E. "Why Real Estate?" CFA Digest 34, no. 2 (May 2004): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/dig.v34.n2.1407.

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49

Wilkinson, Sara Jane, and Sarah Sayce. "Decarbonising real estate." Journal of European Real Estate Research 13, no. 3 (April 6, 2020): 387–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jerer-11-2019-0045.

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Purpose About 27 per cent of the total UK carbon emissions are attributed to residential buildings; therefore, improvements to the energy efficiency of the stock offers great potential. There are three main ways to achieve this. First is a mandatory approach, minimum energy efficiency standards are set and applied to new and existing buildings. Option 2 is voluntary, using energy ratings that classify performance to stimulate awareness and action. Third, financial measures, incentives and taxes, are applied to “nudge” behaviours. Most westernised countries have adopted a combination of Options 2 and 3, with the belief that the market will incentivize efficient properties. The belief is voluntary measures will stimulate demand, leading to value premiums. This paper aims to seek a deeper understanding of the relationship between energy efficiency and the value of residential property in Europe and, by so doing, to determine whether stronger policies are required to realise decarbonisation. Design/methodology/approach This paper reviews the current academic literature and large-scale quantitative studies conducted in Europe, mostly using hedonic pricing analysis to seek a relationship between energy performance certificates (EPCs) and either capital or rental values. It compares these to the reported findings of three case study projects that take a variety of different research approaches, all of which have the ambition to understand market behaviours and stimulate occupier or/and owner demand for energy efficient buildings. Findings The large-scale academic study results generally show a positive relationship between observed market prices and EPCs, which are commonly taken as surrogates for efficiency; however, outcomes are variable. One large study found energy upgrades may increase value, but not to the point where costs outweigh the value gain. Other studies found high returns on investment in energy efficiency technologies. The case study projects, however, revealed a more nuanced set of arguments in terms of the relationship between energy efficiency and market behaviours. Whilst there is some evidence that energy efficiency is beginning to impact on value, it is small compared to other value drivers; other drivers, including health, well-being and private sector finance deals, may prove more powerful market drivers. Further, the empirical findings reported point towards the emergence of a “brown” discount being more likely to be the long-term trend than a green premium. It is concluded that the current levels of action are unlikely to deliver the levels of decarbonisation urgently needed. Research limitations/implications This is a desktop study of other European studies that may have collected data on slightly different variables. Practical implications This study shows that more action is required to realise decarbonisation in new and existing residential property in the European states considered. The sector offers potential for substantial reductions, and other mandatory approaches need to be considered. Originality/value This is a timely review of the current outcomes of European programmes (EPCs) adopted in several countries to increase energy efficiency in the residential sector through a voluntary mechanism. The results show that more action is needed.

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50

Meehan, James. "Reinventing Real Estate." Journal of Applied Social Science 8, no. 2 (August 19, 2013): 113–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1936724413497480.

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