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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "REACTIVE POWER LIMIT"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "REACTIVE POWER LIMIT"

Hiskens, I. A., and B. B. Chakrabarti. "Direct calculation of reactive power limit points." Fuel and Energy Abstracts 37, no. 3 (May 1996): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6701(96)88682-6.

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Hiskens, I. A., and B. B. Chakrabarti. "Direct calculation of reactive power limit points." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 18, no. 2 (February 1996): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0142-0615(95)00058-5.

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Sundaravazhuthi*, V., Dr A. Alli Rani, and M. Manoj Kumar. "Raise Voltage Stability Limit of a Power System using Reactive Power Compensation Technique." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 8, no. 12 (October 30, 2019): 2931–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.k1752.1081219.

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In recent years, voltage stability problems have been increasing since power systems operate close to stability limits. The voltage stability problem of a power system is associated with a rapid voltage drop due to heavy system load and it occurs because of inadequate reactive power support at some critical bus. One of the serious consequences of the voltage stability is a system blackout, and this has received more attention in recent years. Accurate determination of stability limit and amount of reactive power injection to stabilize is important.This paper proposes to determine voltage stability margin of a critical bus and also provide amount of reactive power injection to the bus particularly during overload, a simple two bus equivalent model of the power system is used to determine the maximum apparent power for different power factors. Any required apparent power can directly obtained by correcting the reactive power at critical bus. Experimental results support our theoretical findings.

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Hu, Shu Ju, Ling Ling Wang, and Ya Deng. "Analysis on Power Output Capability and its Power Control Strategy of DFIG Wind Turbine under Unbalanced Grid Voltage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 1819–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.1819.

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Wind turbines are required by gird codes that active and reactive power should be fed into power grid during gird faults such as voltage sags. Power output capability is important for DFIG wind turbine to provide active and reactive power support. Constraints of stator, rotor maximum current and maximum output voltage of rotor-side converter (RSC) of DFIG are considered to analyze stator power output limit of the DFIG under unbalanced voltage sags, and newton-raphson method is used to solve the power limits, then the power control strategy based on power limit analysis is proposed. Simulation, calculation and comparison are carried out by a 1.5MW DFIG wind turbine model, and the effectiveness of the analysis and the proposed control strategy is verified.

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Pavlović, Jelena, Bojan Radojičić, Lazar Stančić, Jasna Dragosavac, Sava Dobričić, and Žarko Janda. "Algorithm of reactive power dispatching "per generator" realization on TPP Nikola Tesla A." Zbornik radova Elektrotehnicki institut Nikola Tesla, no. 32 (2022): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zeint32-41760.

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The algorithm of reactive power dispatching "per generator" realization is presented in the paper. Dispatching "per generator" and "per grid" are two modes of reactive power dispatching used by coordinated reactive power and voltage regulator (GRRS). Reactive power dispatching "per generator" ensures equal heating of the generators, while dispatching "per grid" ensures maximal reactive power reserve when generated reactive power either increases, or decreases. Reactive power dispatching "per generator" is more complex for realization because the dispatching criterion may have wider generator's reactive power operation area than the working capability curve. In these cases, the additional limiting of the generator reactive power is necessary, while other generators take over the remaining reactive power, still considering the reactive power dispatching criteria "per generator" and the limits of the remaining generators. Both reactive power dispatching modes are presented in two examples, while operating near and far from the limit area. Eventually, as the verification of the algorithm and its realization, the operating results of GRRS while dispatching "per generator" is active, are presented.

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Tamimi, Behnam, Claudio A. Canizares, and Sadegh Vaez-Zadeh. "Effect of Reactive Power Limit Modeling on Maximum System Loading and Active and Reactive Power Markets." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 25, no. 2 (May 2010): 1106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2009.2036798.

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Liu, Guan Qi, Long Shao, and Shou Shu Guan. "The Research of Reactive Power Output of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator when Large-Scale Wind Power Integration." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 3061–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.3061.

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The technology of large-scale wind power connected to grid is a key technology in the application of wind power. However, the large-scale wind power will cause the negative effect on the voltage of grid. So, the regulation of reactive power is necessary, which can stabilize the voltage level of the grid. The doubly-fed induction generators (DFIG) themselves own the ability of providing reactive power. Considering the reactive power demand when the power grid is operating, and then rationally allocating static and dynamic reactive power compensation equipment, the operational efficiency can be improved. The particle analyzes the reactive power limit of DFIG, considering the limit of stator and rotor. In this way, the reactive power compensation capacity of DFIG is used first, the use of reactive power compensation equipments are greatly reduced, so the economy of the wind farm is obviously improved.

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Kataoka, Yoshihiko, and Yukio Shinoda. "Voltage Stability Limit of Electric Power System with Reactive Power Constraints on Generators." IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 123, no. 6 (2003): 704–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejpes.123.704.

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Kataoka, Y., and Y. Shinoda. "Voltage Stability Limit of Electric Power Systems With Generator Reactive Power Constraints Considered." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 20, no. 2 (May 2005): 951–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2005.846080.

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Abdelaziz, Morad Mohamed Abdelmageed. "Effect of Detailed Reactive Power Limit Modeling on Islanded Microgrid Power Flow Analysis." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 31, no. 2 (March 2016): 1665–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2015.2412690.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "REACTIVE POWER LIMIT"

Hülsmann, Leonard. "Evaluation of two distribution grids in terms of PV penetration limits and effectiveness of reactive power controls." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-196699.

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The large integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems as well as wind turbines in the distribution grid poses new challenges on various levels. One of them is the increased steady-state voltage in the low voltage (LV) as well as the medium voltage (MV) grid, caused by the distributed generation. This can lead to voltage violations above the maximum allowed value of 110% of nominal voltage. There exist various approaches to mitigate this problem. These range from expensive grid reinforcements, like strengthened lines or the installation of on-load tap changers (OLTCs) in distribution transformers, to voltage controls by the distributed generators themselves. One of these voltage controls is the consumption of reactive power by PV inverters. This control can lower the voltage locally but also has an impact on other nodes of the network. A range of possibilities exist, most commonly using an active power dependent reactive power characteristic (cos φ (P) control) or using a voltage dependent reactive power characteristic (Q(U) control). These can either depend on local inputs or involve some kind of coordinated control, for which usually a communication infrastructure needs to be built up. In this thesis, two MV feeders located close to Worms, Germany, have been modelled and validated with measurement data provided by the local distribution system operator. Along the two feeders, a total of three low voltage grids has been modelled in detail. The effectiveness of a local Q(U) voltage control with a deadband has been compared with the worst case, where no reactive power control is applied, and with the best case, where all PV plants maximally participate in the reactive power control. These settings were then tested for different scenarios of increased PV shares. Furthermore, the impact of the Q(U) voltage control on other LV grids, located at the same feeder, has been analysed. The results, in conclusion, demonstrate: i) In general, the examined LV grids have already large PV penetrations and large resulting backflows during times of high PV output. However, the share can still be substantially increased, in particular on LV lines that currently have only low or moderate PV penetration; ii) The Q(U) with deadband regulation can increase the hosting capacity of PV plants typically between 20% and 33% for the investigated networks. The performance can however vary highly between different network configurations and PV distributions; iii) due to the Q(U) control, the reactive power support varies widely between different PV plants in the investigated grids. This decreases the fairness of this method and compensation measures might be needed. However, no quantification of this has been made; iv) The best case shows that good reactive power controls would have a very high potential, so e.g. coordinated voltage controls could significantly increase hosting capacities.
En stor integration av solceller (PV) och vindkraftverk i distributionsnät innebär nya utmaningar på olika nivåer. En av dem är en ökande spänning i lågspänningsnät (LV) samt på mellanspänning (MV), orsakad av distribuerad generering. Detta kan leda till spänningar över högsta tillåtna värde av 110% av nominell spänning.Det finns olika sätt att mildra detta problem. Dessa sträcker sig från dyra nätförstärkningar, som förstärkta linjer eller installation av lindningskopplare (OLTCs) i distributionstransformatorer, till spänningsstyrning av de distribuerade generatorerna. En av dessa spänningsstyrningar är förbrukningen av reaktiv effekt i solcellernas växelriktare. Denna styrning kan sänka spänningen lokalt men den har också en inverkan på andra noder i elnätet. En rad möjligheter finns, oftast med hjälp av en aktiv-effekt-beroende reaktiv effekt (cos φ(P)-styrning) eller med hjälp av en spännings-beroende reaktiv effekt (Q(U)-styrning). Dessa kan antingen styras med hjälp av lokala insignaler eller innebära någon form av samordnad styrning, som vanligtvis medför att en kommunikationsinfrastruktur måste byggas upp. I denna avhandling har två MV-nät, vilka ligger nära Worms, Tyskland, modellerats och validerats med mätdata som tillhandahållits av det lokala distributionssystemets operatör. Längs de två MV-näten, har totalt tre lågspänningsnät modellerats i detalj. Effektiviteten av en lokal Q(U)-styrning med en död-zon har jämförts med det värsta fallet, där ingen reaktiv effektstyrning tillämpas och med bästa fall, där alla PV-omriktare maximalt har deltagit i den reaktiva effektstyrningen. Dessa inställningar testades sedan för olika scenarier för ökad mängd PV. Dessutom har effekterna av Q(U)-styrning på andra LV-nät, som ligger på samma MV-nät, analyserats. Resultaten visar: i) Generellt har de undersökta LV-näten redan stora PV-installationer och stor resulterande back-matning under tider med hög PV-produktion. Mängden PV kan dock fortfarande ökas väsentligt, framför allt på LV-linjer som för närvarande endast har låg eller måttlig mängd PV.; ii) Q(U)-styrning med dödband kan öka möjlig mängden PV med ca 20 - 33% för de undersökta elnäten. Möjlig ökning kan dock variera mycket mellan olika elnät och olika pridning av PV; iii) på grund av den studerade Q(U)-styrningen så varierar den reaktiva effektproduktionen kraftigt mellan olika PV-anläggningar i de undersökta elnäten. Detta minskar en rättvis fördelning med denna metod och kompensations-mekanismer kan behövas. Emellertid har ingen kvantifiering av detta gjorts, iv) Det bästa fallet visar att bra reaktiv effekt-styrning skulle ha en mycket hög potential, så samordnad spännings-styrning skulle avsevärt kunna öka möjlig mängd PV.

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Pontes, Rafael de Paiva. "Nova metodologia full Newton para consideração dos limites de geração de potência reativa no problema de fluxo de potência." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2018. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/6933.

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Este trabalho, realiza uma revisão da metodologia tradicional, de representação dos limites de geração de potência reativa, na solução do problema de fluxo de potência, em coordenadas polares, pelo método de Newton-Raphson. Apresenta uma nova modelagem para o tratamento destes limites, baseada em uma formulação full Newton do problema. Para tanto, utiliza-se um conjunto de chaves sigmoides, que incorporam novas equações à matriz Jacobiana, de acordo com a geração de potência reativa da barra. De forma a tornar o sistema possível e determinado, a geração de potência reativa, é tratada como uma nova variável de estado do problema, corrigida a cada iteração do método de Newton. A formulação proposta, utiliza duas chaves sigmoides para o tratamento dos limites de geração de potência reativa, em barras PV e, duas chaves, que consideram o procedimento de retomada do controle (conhecido como estratégia de backoff ), das barras que atingiram limites, caso necessário. Dessa forma, não há uma mudança explícita no tipo da barra, como na metodologia tradicional, e a dimensão da matriz Jacobiana é mantida constante. Neste trabalho, todo o equacionamento e formulação, foi desenvolvido através do programa Matlab, e os resultados foram validados, utilizando-se o programa de análise de redes – ANAREDE, versão acadêmica, disponibilizada pelo Centro de Pesquisas de Energia Elétrica (CEPEL). São avaliados alguns sistemas benchmark IEEE e os resultados obtidos, demonstram a eficácia das formulações propostas.
This work, presents a review of the traditional methodology, of representing the limits of reactive power generation, in the solution of the power flow problem, in polar coordinates, by the Newton-Raphson method. Presents a new modeling for the treatment of these limits, based on a formulation full Newton of the problem. For this purpose, a set of sigmoid switches is used, to incorporate new equations to the Jacobian matrix, according to the generation of reactive power of the bus. In order to produce a system possible and determined, reactive power generation, is treated as a new problem state variable, corrected at each iteration of the Newton’s method. The proposed formulation, use two sigmoid switches for the tratment of reactive power generation limits, in PV buses and also, two switches, that consider the procedure of resumption of control (procedure known as backoff strategy), of the buses that reached some limit, if necessary. Thus, there is no explicit change in the bus type, as in traditional methodology, and the Jacobian matrix dimension is kept constant. In this work, all equation and formulation, were developed through Matlab software, and the results were checked, using the network analysis program – ANAREDE, academic version provided by Electrical Energy Research Center (CEPEL). Some IEEE benchmark systems are evaluated, and the results obtained, demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed formulations.

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PANDEY, GANESH KUMAR. "LOAD FLOW USING PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION." Thesis, 2016. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/14645.

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ABSTRACT Load flow (LF) is an important tool in the planning and operation of power systems. It is usually solved using conventional numerical techniques like Newton-Raphson (NR) and Gauss-Siedel (GS). Most of these techniques depend on getting the inverse of the Jacobian matrix of the system. Such techniques fail to solve the load flow in some conditions, like Heavy loaded system, Ill-conditioned Jacobian matrix. In this thesis an application of particle swarm optimization (PSO) in solving the load flow problem as an optimization problem is discussed. A MATLAB program has been developed for PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION to solve load flow problem. Program is tested on IEEE 5, 14 and 30 bus system and the results are compared with conventional method.

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Книги з теми "REACTIVE POWER LIMIT"

Bross, Kristina. “Would India had beene never knowne”. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190665135.003.0006.

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This chapter analyzes two representations of women based on the print record of a 1623 incident in which English traders were tortured and killed by their Dutch rivals on the island of Amboyna in the East Indies. William Sanderson imagined the reaction of one “Amboyna widow” in a pair of publications in the 1650s, and John Dryden created characters for his 1673 play Amboyna based on reports published years earlier. If we consider these works as early modern examples of historical fiction we can see that the writers construct the role of colonial women in the seventeenth-century English imagination as a symbol of the righteousness of English imperial actions and colonizing claims. Taken together, the “wives’ tales” of this chapter suggest that the reach of the East India Companies—both English and Dutch—and of their governments into people’s lives was powerful. Yet the stories of these women suggested by their traces in the archives indicate the limits of that power and the limits of the archival function to control the stories of marginalized people. Dryden’s play in particular points readers back to the archives and suggests what they tell us (or fail to tell us) about the subjects of the English global fantasies inscribed in the literature and other print records of the seventeenth century. The coda pieces together contextual and archival material to speculate on the experiences of a woman, held as a slave by the Dutch, who was intimately connected to the Amboyna incident.

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Reychler, Luc. Peacemaking, Peacekeeping, and Peacebuilding. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.274.

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Peacemaking, peacekeeping, and peacebuilding have generated considerable interest in the areas of education, research, and politics. This can be attributed in part to the growing recognition that there are limits to violence and that proactive violence prevention is more cost-effective than reactive conflict prevention. Peacebuilding became part of the official discourse when the United Nations Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali introduced the concept of post-conflict peacebuilding in the Agenda for Peace. The agenda specified four areas of action relating to preventive diplomacy, peacemaking, peacekeeping, and peacebuilding. Two important documents have helped bring peacebuilding to the mainstream: the 2000 Brahimi Report, a response to the failures of complex UN peacekeeping in the 1990s, and In Larger Freedom: Towards Development, Security and Human Rights, which led to the establishment of the Peacebuilding Commission. Conflict prevention and peacebuilding have also been mainstreamed in the European Union and in most of the foreign offices of the member states. A central focus of studies on peacebuilding is the interrelationships between peacemaking, political change, development, peacekeeping, and reconciliation. Despite the progress made in terms of research, there are a number of gaps and challenges that still need to be addressed. Many analysts, for example, leave the end state vague and implicit and make no systematic differentiation between different types of peace. With respect to context, two salient issues require more attention: the qualities of a peacebuilder and the role of integrative power. The widest research gap is found in the planning of the peacebuilding process.

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Trout, J. D. All Talked Out. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190686802.001.0001.

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Few topics animate, even polarize, philosophers, more than Naturalism, a doctrine which states that philosophy is continuous with, and perhaps even replaceable by, sciences worthy of the name. On one side, fans of technical progress believe that the sciences can indeed replace philosophy with something that allows us to reason and explain better. On the other, advocates of the humanities herald the insights and methods of disciplines seemingly beyond the reach of science. But these disputes are often more about turf than truth. All Talked Out exemplifies the power of science in a philosopher’s hands and takes a welcome look at the resulting fate of philosophy. Based on Trout’s Phi Beta Kappa Romanell Lectures, each chapter presents a novel and positive view of intellectual advances while addressing traditional topics in philosophy, and each chapter explains why these achievements occurred despite the archaic and often retrograde influence of philosophical doctrine and method. While foundational reflection remains as necessary as ever, philosophy, as it is conceived of in the halls of academia, no longer adds anything distinctively useful. At its best, philosophy is a place to grow new ideas. But many other disciplines can and do provide that incubation. In the end, we don’t have to kill philosophy; but we do have to figure out what it’s good for. Following a spirited Introduction, the first lecture takes stock of the growing field of evidence-based approaches to reasoning and, in light of these scientific developments, criticizes important failures in epistemology as it is currently practiced in the English-speaking world. The second lecture examines the psychological impulse to explain, the resulting sense of understanding, and the natural limits on cognitively appreciating the subject we have explained. The final lecture, on social policy, presents the proper reaction to the idea that scientific evidence matters to responsible governance.

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Частини книг з теми "REACTIVE POWER LIMIT"

Behera, Santi, and Manish Tripathy. "Optimal Reactive Power Compensation for Improvement of Steady State Voltage Stability Limit under Stressed System Condition Using BF Algorithm." In Swarm, Evolutionary, and Memetic Computing, 388–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35380-2_46.

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Bacon, Lucie, Amandine Desille, and Noémie Paté. "Crafting an Event, an Event on Craft. Working Together to Represent Migration Experiences." In IMISCOE Research Series, 217–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67608-7_12.

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AbstractThe following text aims at analysing a posteriori the organisation of a public gathering on international migration which took place in Marseille in 2018, and brought together scientific, artistic and militant practices. We first describe the craft of this event. Then, we reflect upon the theme of this book section - collaboration. We ask to which extent hybrid practices, that is the de-compartmentalising of social sciences, art and activism, enable the deconstruction of sensational and de-humanised representations of migrations. Finally, we question the limits for these collaborations, when power hierarchies may reactivate.

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Praveen Soni, Yuvraj, and E. Fernandez. "Limits on Bus Load Expansion for Real and Reactive Power in Radial Feeders Within System Operating Constraints." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 525–36. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0193-5_41.

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"Power and limits of reactive intelligence." In Evolutionary Robotics. The MIT Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/2889.003.0007.

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Greenhouse, Linda. "6. The Court and the other branches." In The U.S. Supreme Court: A Very Short Introduction, 65–79. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780190079819.003.0006.

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Is the phrase separation of powers misleading? “The Court and the other branches” looks at the Court in relation to the president and Congress. A more accurate description of the relationship between the branches might be “dynamic interaction” with tensions arising between them. Sometimes these tensions cause limited disagreements. Some developments are more ominous, such as Congress’s attempts to limit the Supreme Court’s power or the power of federal courts in general. This ingrained and constitutionally based struggle about law-making authority is expressed in a cycle of interaction and reaction that shows no sign of ending and may be hard-wired into the system.

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A. Ebrahim, Mohamed, Reham M. Abdel Fattah, Ebtisam M. Saied, Samir M. Abdel Maksoud, and Hisham El Khashab. "Salp Swarm Optimization with Self-Adaptive Mechanism for Optimal Droop Control Design." In Electric Power Conversion and Micro-Grids. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97229.

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The collaboration of the various distributed generation (DG) units is required to meet the increasing electricity demand. To run parallel-connected inverters for microgrid load sharing, several control strategies have been developed. Among these methods, the droop control method was widely accepted in the research community due to the lack of important communication links between parallel-connected inverters to control the DG units within a microgrid. To help to solve the power-sharing process, keep to frequency and voltage constrained limits in islanded mode microgrid system. The parameter values must therefore be chosen accurately by using the optimization technique. Optimization techniques are a hot topic of researchers; hence This paper discusses the microgrid droop controller during islanding using the salp swarm inspired algorithm (SSIA). To obtain a better fine microgrid output reaction during islanding, SSIA-based droop control is used to optimally determine the PI gain and the coefficients of the prolapse control. The results of the simulation show that the SSIA-based droop control can control the power quality of the microgrid by ensuring that the keep to frequency and voltage constrained limits and deviation and proper power-sharing occurs during the microgrid island mode during a load change.

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Thakkur, Pallavi, and Smita Shandilya. "STATCOM Based Solid State Voltage Regulation for Isolated Self-Excited Induction Generator." In Advances in Computer and Electrical Engineering, 147–83. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9911-3.ch009.

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Self-Excited Induction Generator (SEIG) offers many advantages such as low cost, simplicity, robust construction, self-protection against faults and maintenance free in today's renewable energy industry. However, the SEIG demands an external supply of reactive power to maintain the constant terminal voltage under the varying loading conditions, which limits the application of SEIG as a standalone power generator. The regulation of speed and voltage does not result in a satisfactory improvement although several studies have been emphasized on this topic in the past. To improve the performance of the SEIG system in isolated areas and to regulate the terminal voltage STATic COMpensator (STATCOM) has been modelled and developed in this dissertation. The STATCOM consists of AC inductors, a DC bus capacitor and solid-state self-commutating devices. The ratings of these components are quite important for designing and controlling of STATCOM to maintain the constant terminal voltage. The proposed generating system is modelled and simulated in MATLAB along with Simulink and sim power system block set toolboxes. The simulated results are presented to demonstrate the capability of an isolated power generating system for feeding three-phase resistive loads.

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Gallicchio, Marc. "“We Do Not Exclude a Constitutional Monarch Under the Present Dynasty”." In Unconditional, 38–70. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190091101.003.0003.

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The second chapter picks up in Okinawa, where the last chapter ended, in June 1945, when Japanese forces began an orderly retreat from the Shuri line to the Kiyan Peninsula, located at the southernmost part of Okinawa. Thereafter began a plan within the Japanese political and military elite to end the war. The initial hope was for Japan’s withdrawal from the European colonies it had conquered, providing they were granted their independence. Japan would also disarm itself and accept limits imposed on its defense establishment. There would be no occupation of the homeland. The chapter argues that this was a daring plan. The chapter presents the U.S. reaction to this in terms of how those in power wanted the Japanese surrender to be shaped.

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Madhu Mohan, Varishetty, Madhavi Jonnalagadda, and VishnuBhotla Prasad. "Advanced Chalcogen Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries." In Chalcogenides – Preparation and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.103042.

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As on today the main power sources of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) research developments gradually approach their theoretical limits in terms of energy density. Therefore, an alternative next-generation of power sources is required with high-energy densities, low cost, and environmental safety. Alternatively, the chalcogen materials such as sulfur, selenium, and tellurium (SSTs) are used due to their excellent theoretical capacities, low cost, and no toxicity. However, there will be some challenges to overcome such as sluggish reaction of kinetics, inferior cycling stability, poor conductivity of S, and “shuttle effect” of lithium polysulfides in the Li-S batteries. Hence, several strategies have been discussed in this chapter. First, the Al-SSTs systems with more advanced techniques are systematically investigated. An advanced separators or electrolytes are prepared with the nano-metal sulfide materials to reduce the resistance in interfaces. Layered structured cathodes made with chalcogen ligand (sulfur), polysulfide species, selenium- and tellurium-substituted polysulfides, Se1-xSx uniformly dispersed in 3D porous carbon matrix were discussed. The construction of nanoreactors for high-energy density batteries are discussed. Finally, the detailed classification of flexible sulfur, selenium, and tellurium cathodes based on carbonaceous (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbonized polymers) and their composite (polymers and inorganics) materials are explained.

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Xu, Yanpeng, Zhiqiang Xia, Shulan Gan, Gan Wan, Yingsheng Qu, and Ben Wang. "Research on Numerical Simulation and Optimization of SCR Flow Field of 200MW Coal-Fired Unit." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde210220.

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In this paper, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Flow Model Test are applied to study the flow field of 200MW coal fired power plant, then the optimization program is proposed. Firstly, this paper summarizes some essential design points for SCR reactor system with different structures and different characteristic. Then, the initial flow field of the SCR reactor was simulated to find the defect by the Fluent. Then, optimize the flow fields of velocity of SCR system by adding splitters. In order to improve the mixing degree of flue gas and ammonia, Ammonia Injector Grids (AIG) was designed on the basis of the structure of SCR reactor. Considering the pressure loss and installation space were within allowed limits, a new static mixer was designed to optimize the flow fields of concentration. Through the shift of size, angle and altitude of the static mixer, this paper got a best design project. The research results can provide theoretical support and engineering guidance for the transformation and optimization of the new SCR denitration engineering reaction system.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "REACTIVE POWER LIMIT"

Chou, Hung-Ming, Garng M. Huang, and Karen L. Butler-Purry. "Investigation of reactive power limit induced voltage collapse." In 2014 IEEE 57th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwscas.2014.6908449.

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Zhao, X. Y., and X. B. Zhang. "Smoothness of voltage stability surface with generator reactive power limit encountered." In 2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/drpt.2008.4523479.

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Ceylan, Oguzhan, Aleksandar Dimitrovski, Michael Starke, and Kevin Tomsovic. "Optimal reactive power allocation for photovoltaic inverters to limit transformer tap changes." In 2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesgm.2016.7741901.

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Naik, S. D., S. S. Bhat, and M. K. Khedkar. "Effect of generator reactive power limit on proximity to voltage instability of multibus power system." In 2017 12th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciea.2017.8282916.

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Fradley, J., C. Barker, and L. Zou. "Dynamic Adjustment of a VSC's Reactive Current Limit to Improve Frequency Stability." In The 17th International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission (ACDC 2021). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.2435.

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Zhang, Wei, Yuqiu Zhou, Xiaoying Li, Quan Li, Yuhang Luo, and Peifeng Xi. "Typical Scenario Reactive Power Optimization of Active Distribution Network Based on Limit Theory." In 2018 2nd IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ei2.2018.8582046.

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Lu, Bin, Xi Xu, Zhipeng Yu, Wen Wang, and Xuenan Gu. "Study on 24h Dynamic Reactive Power Optimization Considering Safety Operation Limit of Generators." In 2019 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isgt-asia.2019.8880807.

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Arias-Cazco, Diego, and Angel Vaca Penafiel. "Multi-objective Optimization of Active and Reactive Power to assess Bus Loadability Limit." In 2021 IEEE Fifth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/etcm53643.2021.9590665.

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Ma, Qing, Changhong Deng, Hu Fan, and Zhengyi Liu. "Research of Doubly Fed Induction Machine’s Optimal Reactive Power Limit Considering Junction Point’s Voltage Fluctuation." In 2020 IEEE 4th Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ei250167.2020.9346576.

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Zad, B. Bakhshideh, J. Lobry, F. Vallee, and H. Hasanvand. "Optimal reactive power control of DGs for voltage regulation of MV distribution systems considering thermal limit of the system branches." In 2014 International Conference on Power System Technology (POWERCON). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/powercon.2014.6993975.

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Звіти організацій з теми "REACTIVE POWER LIMIT"

Hedrick, Jacob, and Timothy Jacobs. PR-457-14201-R02 Variable NG Composition Effects in LB 2S Compressor Engines Phase I Engine Response. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010997.

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This is the final report summarizing work completed during the first phase of the PRCI study on large bore two stroke lean burn integral compressor engine response to variable natural gas compositions for the purposes of engine control development. Accomplished tasks include the completion of a detailed literature review covering the research topic, a parametric study of laminar flame speeds and ignition delays for binary methane and ethane mixtures up to 30%, and a GT-Power engine model of the Colorado State GMV-4 research engine with associated validation data from CSU�s variable ethane effects study. The chemistry of the combustion reaction is crucial to accurate modeling; laminar flame speeds and ignition delays as function of composition were determined from the solutions to published chemical kinetics mechanisms GRI-Mech3.0 and Saudi Aramco Mech1.3, respectively. The Wiebe coefficients correlated to variations in ethane composition and spark timing were regressed from the crank angle resolved heat release rates. The Wiebe coefficients are the most significant achievement of this phase of the project, since they quantify the heat release as a function of composition. At this time, the Wiebe parameters only reflect the relative changes in the model since certain aspect of the models geometry are pending resolution. Future phases of the project could use the developed GT-Power model and Wiebe coefficients for development of control schemes that maintain emissions, speed and torque limits, and maximize thermal efficiency during a variable fuel composition event.

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