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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "RCPFA"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "RCPFA"

Gong, Rui, Changmin Hu, Haiyang Xu, Aizhen Guo, Huanchun Chen, Guangzhi Zhang, and Lei Shi. "Evaluation of Clumping Factor A Binding Region A in a Subunit Vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Mastitis in Mice." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 17, no. 11 (September 8, 2010): 1746–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00162-10.

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ABSTRACT The present study evaluated the potential of recombinant binding region A of clumping factor A (rClfA-A) to be an effective component of a vaccine against mastitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus in the mouse. rClfA-A and inactivated S. aureus were each emulsified in Freund's adjuvant, mineral oil adjuvant, and Seppic adjuvant; phosphate-buffered saline was used as a control. Seven groups of 12 mice each were immunized intraperitoneally three times at 2-week intervals. The titers of IgG and subtypes thereof (IgG1 and IgG2a) in the rClfA-A-immunized group were more than 1,000-fold higher than those in the killed-bacteria-immunized group (P < 0.01). Of the three adjuvants used, mineral oil adjuvant induced the highest antibody levels for both antigens (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the anti-rClfA-A antibody capacities for bacterial adhesion and opsonizing phagocytosis were significantly greater in the rClfA-A-immunized group than in the killed-bacteria-immunized group (P < 0.05). Lactating mice immunized with either rClfA-A or inactivated vaccine were challenged with S. aureus via the intramammary route. The numbers of bacteria recovered from the murine mammary glands 24 h after inoculation were significantly lower in the rClfA-A group than in the killed-bacteria-immunized group (P < 0.001). Histologic examination of the mammary glands showed that rClfA-A immunization effectively preserved tissue integrity. Thus, rClfA-A emulsified in an oil adjuvant provides strong immune protection against S. aureus-induced mastitis in the mouse.

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Murthy, Ashlesh K., James P. Chambers, Patricia A. Meier, Guangming Zhong, and Bernard P. Arulanandam. "Intranasal Vaccination with a Secreted Chlamydial Protein Enhances Resolution of Genital Chlamydia muridarum Infection, Protects against Oviduct Pathology, and Is Highly Dependent upon Endogenous Gamma Interferon Production." Infection and Immunity 75, no. 2 (November 21, 2006): 666–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01280-06.

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ABSTRACT There is currently no licensed vaccine against Chlamydia trachomatis, the leading cause of sexually transmitted bacterial disease worldwide. Conventional vaccination attempts using surface-exposed chlamydial antigens have achieved only partial success. We have employed a novel vaccination strategy using a secreted protein, chlamydial protease-like activity factor (CPAF), which has been shown to degrade host major histocompatibility complex transcription factors and keratin-8 and therefore may allow immune evasion and establishment of a productive infection. Intranasal immunization using recombinant CPAF (rCPAF) plus interleukin-12 (IL-12) (rCPAF+IL-12 immunization) was used to assess the protective immunity against genital Chlamydia muridarum infection in BALB/c mice. rCPAF+IL-12 immunization induced robust gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production and minimal IL-4 production by splenocytes upon in vitro recall with rCPAF. The total and immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) anti-rCPAF antibody levels in serum were significantly elevated after rCPAF+IL-12 vaccination, as were the total antibody, IgG2a, and IgA levels in bronchoalveolar lavage and vaginal fluids when the animals were compared to animals that received rCPAF alone. rCPAF+IL-12-vaccinated mice displayed significantly reduced bacterial shedding upon chlamydial challenge and accelerated resolution of infection compared to mock-immunized (phosphate-buffered saline) animals. Moreover, rCPAF+IL-12-immunized animals exhibited protection against pathological consequences of chlamydial infection, including the development of hydrosalpinx and oviduct dilatation. This vaccination regimen also reduced the development of fibrosis and the influx of neutrophils into the upper genital tract when the animals were compared to mock-immunized (phosphate-buffered saline) animals after bacterial challenge. rCPAF+IL-12-mediated resolution of the bacterial infection and protection against Chlamydia-induced inflammatory disease were highly dependent on endogenous IFN-γ production. Together, these results demonstrate that secreted chlamydial antigens may be novel vaccine candidates to induce protective immunity.

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Li, Weidang, Ashlesh K. Murthy, M. Neal Guentzel, James P. Chambers, Thomas G. Forsthuber, J. Seshu, Guangming Zhong, and Bernard P. Arulanandam. "Immunization with a Combination of Integral Chlamydial Antigens and a Defined Secreted Protein Induces Robust Immunity against Genital Chlamydial Challenge." Infection and Immunity 78, no. 9 (July 6, 2010): 3942–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00346-10.

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ABSTRACT We have previously demonstrated the efficacy of recombinant chlamydial protease-like activity factor (rCPAF; a secreted chlamydial protein) in inducing antigen-specific CD4+ T cell/gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-mediated but not antibody-mediated chlamydial clearance and reduction of upper genital tract (UGT) pathological sequelae. Since chlamydial integral antigens may induce neutralizing antibody protection, we further evaluated induction of protective immunity using a combination of rCPAF and UV-inactivated chlamydial elementary bodies (UV-EB) against vaginal chlamydial challenge in comparison to immunization with the individual components or live EB. The rCPAF-UV-EB immunization induced a significantly enhanced anti-UV-EB cellular and antibody response and a reduced anti-CPAF cellular and antibody response, compared to immunization with the respective individual components. Moreover, vaccination with UV-EB and rCPAF-UV-EB induced serum antibodies that neutralized chlamydial infectivity. The rCPAF-UV-EB immunization resulted in a significant reduction of vaginal chlamydial shedding and induced earlier bacterial clearance than vaccination of mice with the individual components. Importantly, the UGT sequelae were significantly reduced in mice immunized with rCPAF or rCPAF-UV-EB, but not in those immunized with UV-EB alone, and approached the levels of protection induced by live EB. These results collectively suggest that a combination of neutralizing antibodies induced by integral chlamydial antigens and cell-mediated responses induced by secreted proteins such as CPAF induces optimal protective immunity against genital chlamydial infections.

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Li, Weidang, M. Neal Guentzel, J. Seshu, Guangming Zhong, Ashlesh K. Murthy, and Bernard P. Arulanandam. "Induction of Cross-Serovar Protection against Genital Chlamydial Infection by a Targeted Multisubunit Vaccination Approach." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 14, no. 12 (October 17, 2007): 1537–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00274-07.

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ABSTRACT An important consideration for antichlamydial vaccine development is the induction of cross-serovar protection, since multiple serovars (D to L) of Chlamydia trachomatis cause genital infections. We have shown previously that vaccination with C. trachomatis-derived recombinant chlamydial protease-like activity factor (rCPAF) induced significant earlier resolution of Chlamydia muridarum infection and reduced oviduct pathology. However, the vaccinated mice continued to shed chlamydiae for up to 2 weeks after challenge. In this study, C. trachomatis serovar D recombinant proteins, such as recombinant major outer membrane protein (rMOMP), recombinant inclusion membrane protein A (rIncA), and rCPAF were administered intranasally, individually or in combinations, with murine interleukin-12 (IL-12) as an adjuvant, and cross-species immunity against intravaginal C. muridarum infection was examined. Immunization with rCPAF plus IL-12 (rCPAF+IL-12), compared to immunization with rIncA+IL-12 or rMOMP+IL-12, induced the greatest antigen-specific gamma interferon production from purified CD4+ T cells and concurrently enhanced serum antibody production. All (100%) the animals vaccinated with rCPAF+IL-12 alone or in any combination completely resolved the infection by day 18 after challenge compared to animals vaccinated with rIncA+IL-12 (50%), rMOMP+IL-12 (33%), or phosphate-buffered saline (mock vaccinated; 0%). Moreover, oviduct pathology in mice vaccinated by any regimen that included rCPAF, but not rMOMP+IL-12 or rIncA+IL-12 alone, was markedly reduced compared to mock-immunized animals. The addition of rMOMP and/or rIncA did not significantly enhance the rCPAF+IL-12-induced effect on bacterial clearance or oviduct pathology. These results suggest a greater conservation of protective linear antigenic epitopes within CPAF than MOMP or IncA across the examined serovars and the need to identify other highly conserved antigens for use with rCPAF in a multisubunit recombinant vaccine.

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Clock, Sarah A., Paul J. Planet, Brenda A. Perez, and David H. Figurski. "Outer Membrane Components of the Tad (Tight Adherence) Secreton of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 3 (November 30, 2007): 980–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01347-07.

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ABSTRACT Prokaryotic secretion relies on proteins that are widely conserved, including NTPases and secretins, and on proteins that are system specific. The Tad secretion system in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is dedicated to the assembly and export of Flp pili, which are needed for tight adherence. Consistent with predictions that RcpA forms the multimeric outer membrane secretion channel (secretin) of the Flp pilus biogenesis apparatus, we observed the RcpA protein in multimers that were stable in the presence of detergent and found that rcpA and its closely related homologs form a novel and distinct subfamily within a well-supported gene phylogeny of the entire secretin gene superfamily. We also found that rcpA-like genes were always linked to Aggregatibacter rcpB- or Caulobacter cpaD-like genes. Using antisera, we determined the localization and gross abundances of conserved (RcpA and TadC) and unique (RcpB, RcpC, and TadD) Tad proteins. The three Rcp proteins (RcpA, RcpB, and RcpC) and TadD, a putative lipoprotein, localized to the bacterial outer membrane. RcpA, RcpC, and TadD were also found in the inner membrane, while TadC localized exclusively to the inner membrane. The RcpA secretin was necessary for wild-type abundances of RcpB and RcpC, and TadC was required for normal levels of all three Rcp proteins. TadC abundance defects were observed in rcpA and rcpC mutants. TadD production was essential for wild-type RcpA and RcpB abundances, and RcpA did not multimerize or localize to the outer membrane without the expression of TadD. These data indicate that membrane proteins TadC and TadD may influence the assembly, transport, and/or function of individual outer membrane Rcp proteins.

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Liu, Jie, Li-Jun Yuan, Zuo-Ming Zhang, Yun-You Duan, Jun-Hui Xue, Yi-Lin Yang, Qun Guo, and Tie-Sheng Cao. "Effects of acute cold exposure on carotid and femoral wave intensity indexes: evidence for reflection coefficient as a measure of distal vascular resistance." Journal of Applied Physiology 110, no. 3 (March 2011): 738–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00863.2010.

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Our aim was to investigate the effects of acute cold pressor test (CPT) on augmentation index (AI) and wave intensity (WI) indexes from right common carotid artery (RCCA) and right common femoral artery (RCFA) and to test whether the reflection coefficient (RC) from wave intensity analysis can reflect the distal vascular resistance (DVR) accurately. Forty-three healthy males were randomly selected for measurements at baseline and 1 min after CPT at RCCA or RCFA. CPT induced similar increases of heart rate and blood pressure in RCCA and RCFA groups with their pulse pressures unchanged. The W2 (the second peak of WI) was too obscure in RCFA to be analyzed. The W1 (the first peak of WI) of both arteries, W1-W2 (interval between W1 and W2), and NA (negative area between W1 and W2, indicating reflected waves) of RCCA and the R-W1 (interval between the R wave of ECG and W1) of RCFA decreased obviously, whereas the W2 and R-W1 of RCCA and the RC (calculated as NA/W1) of RCFA increased with no changes in the RC of RCCA and the NA of RCFA during CPT compared with baseline. The AIs from both arteries increased significantly after CPT. These results suggested that acute CPT has opposing effects on cerebral and peripheral vascular resistances, with the former decreased and the latter increased. The RCs from RCCA and RCFA are more associated with the changes of cerebral and peripheral vascular resistances, respectively, than the NA and AI, and the RC is of guiding value in assessing DVR.

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Escott, Ros. "RCPA serology update." Pathology 41 (January 2009): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01268031-200941001-00094.

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Gray, Joanna. "RCPA biosecurity QAP introduction." Pathology 42 (2010): S6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01268031-201042001-00005.

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Jones, Graham. "RCPA QAP chemical pathology." Pathology 42 (2010): S20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01268031-201042001-00034.

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Gray, Joanna L., Torsten Theis, and Alexa M. Kaufer. "Complying with Defence Export Controls: a working perspective." Microbiology Australia 41, no. 3 (2020): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma20037.

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The Royal College of Pathologists (RCPA) and then RCPA Quality Assurance Programs Pty Ltd (RCPAQAP), a company independent from but aligned with the RCPA, have been producing proficiency testing programs (PTP) for infectious diseases for 52 years. This involves sending infectious disease material in surveys to over 80 countries worldwide throughout any year. The PTP panels are developed depending on the prevalence of diseases, which requires flexible panel composition and dynamic enrolments. The Defence Trade Controls Act was introduced in 2012 as part of a wider international regulatory counter-proliferation framework. In 2017, the inclusion of inactivated infectious diseases as controlled microorganisms in the Defence Strategic Goods List (DSGL) had the potential to completely disrupt the RCPAQAP business model in the provision of infectious disease PTP. Some strategies for mitigating this risk are discussed in this paper.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "RCPFA"

Choulak, Samir Eddine. "Modélisation et Commande d'un procédé d'Extrusion Réactive." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00116677.

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Le but de cette étude est de proposer une loi de commande permettant de contrôler la qualité d'un polymère en sortie de filière d'une extrudeuse bivis corotative. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons élaboré un modèle dynamique capable de prédire le comportement du système par rapport aux différentes variables d'actions (vitesse des vis, débit d'alimentation, puissances de chauffe des fourreaux et le rapport d'entrée monomère-amorceur).
La modélisation a été réalisée en adoptant une démarche mixte alliant l'aspect mécanique des milieux continus à celui du génie des procédés. Le schéma d'écoulement intrinsèquement à paramètres distribués, est approché par une cascade de réacteurs parfaitement agités avec reflux. Les caractéristiques de l'écoulement sont issues de la mécanique des fluides. Le modèle global est alors obtenu en écrivant sur chaque RCPA de la cascade les bilans d'énergie sur la matière, les fourreaux et les vis puis les bilans de masse globaux et par espèce.
Cette étape de modélisation a été suivie par une phase d'analyse dans le but de simplifier les phénomènes les moins influents sur l'évolution des variables d'état du procédé (température, pression, viscosité,...) puis par une étape de réduction de modèle.

Enfin, la synthèse de la loi de commande a été effectuée à partir du linéarisé autour d'un point de fonctionnement de ce modèle réduit. La technique de commande utilisée a été la synthèse Hinf, avec modèle de référence sur la trajectoire en viscosité. Cette synthèse a abouti à une loi de commande satisfaisante fonctionnant à la fois sur le modèle linéarisé mais aussi sur le modèle complet non linéaire au voisinage du domaine de fonctionnement.

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Lesage, François. "Modélisation et expérimentation des transferts de matière et de quantité de mouvement dans les réacteurs à lit fixe." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00790847.

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La première partie de ce travail traite de la modélisation et de la simulation de l'hydrodynamique et du transfert de matière dans les réacteurs à lit fixe arrosés. Le milieu poreux a été considéré comme un continuum par prise de moyenne des équations de transport microscopiques. Différents modèles prenant en compte l'effet de paroi de notre système ont été proposés, résolus et confrontés à des résultats expérimentaux. Les résultats obtenus sont assez satisfaisants, et ont permis de choisir les modèles les plus appropriés. Des modèles plus complexes, établis grâce aux résultats expérimentaux, devraient permettre d'améliorer la qualité des simulations. Dans une seconde partie, l'étude locale de l'hydrodynamique a été menée, essentiellement à l'aide de microélectrodes insérées dans un pore, qui permettent la mesure par voie électrochimique des gradients de vitesse. En écoulement de liquide seul, les limites des régimes d'écoulement ont été déterminées. On a pu confirmer le comportement turbulent à fort débit et caractériser l'écoulement du fluide au sein d'un pore, notamment à l'aide des auto- et intercorrélations des mesures. Enfin, nous avons utilisé un modèle de renouvellement de surface couplé à la méthode VITA (Variable Interval Time Averaging) pour calculer le gradient de vitesse moyen. En écoulement gaz-liquide, la technique électrochimique est moins intéressante. Nous avons par contre pu caractériser les écoulements pulsés à l'aide de sondes de pression en paroi.

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CHOUDHARY, DIVYA. "NEW REVERSE CARRY PROPAGATE ADDER USING MODIFIED GDI TECHNIQUE." Thesis, 2019. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/16711.

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Addition is the most important function in arithmetic and logical operations. Approximate Computing can be used to reduce the number of transistors, delay and power constraints in VLSI design, which makes the use of approximate adders possible in error-tolerant applications. Existing Approximate Reverse Carry Propagate Adder designs [1] have proved to be advantageous in improving these constraints. A new design of Reverse Carry Propagate Adder has been proposed using Modified-Gate Diffusion Input (GDI) technique [7]. A 4-bit Multiplier has also been designed using this RCPFA and results verified with Xilinx Tool. Proposed circuit design simulations have been carried out in 45-nm process technology using Cadence Virtuoso. The results indicate 57% and 44% reduction in Power and Delay respectively.

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Barbosa, Carlos Manuel Silva Lima. "Desenvolvimento da análise RCFA na ColepCCL." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/66364.

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Barbosa, Carlos Manuel Silva Lima. "Desenvolvimento da análise RCFA na ColepCCL." Dissertação, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/66364.

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Книги з теми "RCPFA"

RCPLA Asia Writeshop on Participatory Democracy (2004 Manesar, Haryana). Participatory democracy, reasserting the empowerment agenda: Deliberations of the RCPLA Asia Writeshop on Participatory Democracy. New Delhi: PRAXIS-Institute for Participatory Practices, 2004.

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Republique Centrafricaine: Plan national de relevement et de consolidation de la Paix 2017-2021. [RCA?]: [Publisher not identified], 2021.

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Частини книг з теми "RCPFA"

Phaneendra, T., A. Anitha, and Rajasekhar Turaka. "Design of High Speed Approximate Carry Select Adders Using RCPFA." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 761–69. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1111-8_58.

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Phaneendra, T., A. Anitha, and Rajasekhar Turaka. "Correction to: Design of High Speed Approximate Carry Select Adders Using RCPFA." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, C1. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1111-8_87.

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Riddell, Randy. "5 Rights of Successful RCFA." In Practical Root Cause Failure Analysis, 15–39. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003248675-2.

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Riddell, Randy. "Introduction to Successful Root Cause Failure Analysis (RCFA)." In Practical Root Cause Failure Analysis, 1–13. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003248675-1.

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Upreti, Mritunjay, and Sumit Sharma. "Investigation of Leakage Sources in Gasoline Muffler Using RCFA, CFD, and Experimental Validation." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 553–59. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6577-5_52.

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Kishko, Hashem, Z. Nil Kutlu, Aykut Şenol, and A. Onur Pehlivan. "An Experimental Investigation on Strength Behavior of Recycled Fine Aggregate (RCFA)-Treated Compacted Clayey Soils." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 361–68. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4041-7_33.

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Forsthoffer, William E. "Root Cause Analysis “RCA” and Root Cause Failure Analysis “RCFA” Guidelines." In Forsthoffer's Proven Guidelines for Rotating Machinery Excellence, 423–31. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-85433-7.00005-1.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "RCPFA"

Ebaid, Ahmed, Reda Ammar, Sanguthevar Rajasekaran, and Tahany Fergany. "Task clustering & scheduling with duplication using recursive critical path approach (RCPA)." In 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology (ISSPIT). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isspit.2010.5711720.

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Fukagawa, Kanata, Kazuhiro Shouno, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Cosy Muto, Seijiro Moriyama, Chikau Takahashi, and Michitaka Yoshino. "Implementation of an RCPF and its Measurement Circuitry for the Method Based on Superposition." In 2023 International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems, Computers, and Communications (ITC-CSCC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itc-cscc58803.2023.10212681.

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Fukagawa, Kanata, Kazuhiro Shouno, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Cosy Muto, Michitaka Yoshino, Seijiro Moriyama, and Chikau Takahashi. "An Implementation of an RCPF and Its Measurement of the Frequency Response Based on Superposition." In 2022 37th International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems, Computers and Communications (ITC-CSCC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itc-cscc55581.2022.9895003.

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Sato, Lina, Kazuhiro Shouno, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Cosy Muto, Seijiro Moriyama, Chikau Takahashi, and Michitaka Yoshino. "Implementation of a 4-Phase Square Waves Generator and its Application for Measurement of Frequency Characteristics of an RCPF." In 2023 International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems, Computers, and Communications (ITC-CSCC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itc-cscc58803.2023.10212678.

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V. S, Muralikrishna, and oselin Kavitha M. J. "A High-Speed, Area-Efficient Transfer Method Using a Reverse Carry Propagate Adder." In The International Conference on scientific innovations in Science, Technology, and Management. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Engineering and Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59544/jjjn7780/ngcesi23p115.

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The most important component of any electronic device has historically been the arithmetic and logic unit. An efficient algorithmic function, such as addition and multiplication, which is required for an arithmetic as well as logic unit to be significant in the current improvement. For performing modular arithmetic in several cryptography and pseudorandom bit generator (PRBG) algorithms, the three-operand binary adder is the fundamental functional unit. In this paper, this study purposes a reverse carry propagate adder A carry input signal is more important than the carry output signal because, in the RCPA structure, the carry signal flows counter-clockwise from the most significant bit to the least significant bit. In the presence of delay changes, this carry propagation technique results in greater stability. Three implementations of the reverse carry propagate full-adder cell with different delay, power, energy, and accuracy levels are introduced by this study.As a result, it continues as one of the greatest options for creating huge arithmetic circuits with little increase in area and minimal power and energy usage.

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V. S, Muralikrishna, and Joselin Kavitha M. "A High-Speed, Area-Efficient Transfer Method Using a Reverse Carry Propagate Adder." In The International Conference on scientific innovations in Science, Technology, and Management. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Engineering and Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59544/ueyi4889/ngcesi23p117.

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Tang, Catherine, Ye, Kok Liang Tan, Latief Riyanto, Fuziana Tusimin, Nik Fazril Sapian, and Noor Azima Sharim. "Lesson Learnt from First Application of Openhole Stand-Alone Screen OHSAS with Autonomous Inflow Control Devices AICD in Oilfield Offshore East Malaysia." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21223-ms.

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AbstractWell#1 was completed as horizontal oil producer with Openhole Stand-Alone Sandscreens (OHSAS) across a thin reservoir with average thickness of 20ft in Field B. The first Autonomous Inflow Control Device (AICD) in PETRONAS was installed to ensure balanced contribution across horizontal zones with permeability contrasts and to prevent early water and gas breakthrough. Integrated real-time reservoir mapping-while-drilling technology for well placement optimization combined with industry-leading inflow control simulator for AICD placement were opted. The early well tests post drilling showed promising results with production rate doubled the expected rate with no sand production, low water cut and lower Gas to Oil Ratio (GOR).Reservoir Management Plan (RMP) for this oil rim requires continuous gas injection into gas cap and water injection into aquifer. However, due to low gas injection uptime caused by prolonged injection facilities constraints, the well's watercut continued to increase steadily from 0% to 80% within a year of production despite prudent surveillance and controlling of production during injector's downtime. After the gas injection performance has improved, the well was beaned up as part of oil rim management for withdrawal balancing. Unfortunately, a month later, the production rate showed a sudden spike with significantly low wellhead pressure, followed by hairline leak on its choke valve and leak at Crude Oil Transfer Pump (COTP) recycle line. Sand analysis by particle size distribution (PSD) confirmed OHSAS failure, while the high gas rate from well test results confirmed AICD failure.A multidisciplinary investigation team was immediately formed to determine the root cause of the failure event. Root Cause Failure Analysis (RCFA) method was opted to determine the causes of failures, including the reanalyzing of the OHSAS and AICD completion design. The well operating strategy was also reviewed thoroughly by utilizing the well parameters trending provided in the Exceptional Based Surveillance (EBS) Process Information (PI) ProcessBook.Thorough RCFA concluded that frequent platform interruptions and improper well start-up practices have created abrupt pressure changes in the wellbore, which has likely destabilized the natural sand pack around the OHSAS and created frequent burst of sand influx across AICDs. The operating of a high gas-oil ratio (GOR) and high watercut sand prone well without pre-determined AICD sand erosion toleration envelope have also likely contributed to the failure of AICDs. The delay in detection of OHSAS failure in Well#1 due to ineffective sand monitoring method thus resulted in severe sand production which caused severe leak at its choke valve and COTP recycle line.

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Karpaya, Shaturrvetan, Sylvia Mavis James Berok, Brandon Joseph John Peter, Arie Muchalis Utta, Junnyaruin Barat, Sharon Ellen Lidwin, Hazrina Abdul Rahman, et al. "Restoration of High-Temperature Well Integrity via Real-Time Coiled Tubing Patch Application." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211249-ms.

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Abstract A prolific gas producer in Sarawak waters was shut-in and idle due to a tubing leak resulting in a significant decline in the total hub production. The well remained idle and required immediate remedial action to meet the contractual sales target. Hence, an expandable tubing patch was proposed to isolate the leak and reactivate the well faster. This paper presents data gathered to identify leak location, tubing patch design, and installation using real-time coil tubing. Several logging surveys were performed to detect leak depth including caliper log, leak detection log (LDL), and downhole camera run; since no pressure build-up was observed post bleed-off tubing and casing, while SCSSV was in closed-state. Running caliper log could not indicate severe metal loss of 7-inch tubing, hypothesizing that the leak could be of a smaller dimension. Therefore, LDL was conducted, indicating temperature gradient and acoustic energy changes at a single depth location of 247 ft.THF, above SCSSV. Utilizing the leak depth marker from acoustic log, a downhole camera was staged to verify geometry of tubing leak. Root cause failure analysis (RCFA) was carried out for this tubing anomaly using diagnostics data to determine the possibility of UHP-17Cr-110 tubing failure. The likelihood of tubing failure is attributed to two main causes namely oxygen corrosion cracking and stress corrosion cracking. Based on RCFA outcome, Hastelloy C276, a nickel-molybdenum-chromium superalloy with the addition of tungsten was selected for the patch material, which is V0 rated, internal gas-tight qualification for temperatures up to 150 degrees Celsius and 5,000 psi. Moreover, this patch material satisfies the well conditions at approximately 20% CO2, 200 ppm H2S, 1000 mg/L salinity, and varying Hg concentrations from 800-2,000 ug/Nm3. The design of patch has been improved by adding AFLAS elastomer for the whole exterior of patch to eliminate contacts between the two metals: reducing the risk of galvanic corrosion. Real-time coiled tubing application was selected for setting the patch to ensure accurate depth-sensing control. Additionally, patch is a rig less intervention technique that will not disrupt the production from the existing wells sharing the same drilling platform. Generally, for high-rate gas wells, economic indicators seem lucrative with tubing patch application, where the payout can be achieved within a month of continuous production. The first step in ensuring the success of tubing patch is by running right diagnostics tools such as leak detection logging and downhole camera run, since multi-finger caliper analysis alone would not locate the leak depth and the leak geometry precisely. Valid design inputs are quintessential for the fitting recommendation of tubing patch design which includes accurate reservoir and fluid properties to ensure sustainability of the expandable tubing patch application.

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Bakenne, Sulaiman, Stephen Oboh, Ishomo Lucky, and Iheanyi Ugwa. "Well Management: Top Tier Well Approach." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/217198-ms.

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Abstract Effective well management and reliability are fundamental to ensuring high well production uptime with the attendant benefit of minimizing unscheduled volume loss. Well equipment reliability is impacted by the scope and frequency of preventive maintenance (PM) in place. The optimum PM frequency is one that maximizes incremental value with reduced equipment failures. While defining the PM program, due consideration must be given to the well risk (business and safety) which impacts consequence level of failures. In matured assets with high well counts, PM programs should be structured to maximize uptime of wells with significant volume contribution, critical gas producers to support gas lift systems and injectors while also minimizing process safety risk on all wells. These wells are referred to as top tier wells. This paper defines criteria for selecting top tier wells. It also focuses on using a Prevent-Detect- Respond-Recover (PDRR) approach in defining a well equipment PM program that meets industry and local regulatory requirements to drive improved reliability of the top tier wells. Prevent-Detect initiatives leverage Root-Cause-Failure-Analysis (RCFA) data to minimize the likelihood of equipment failure, and by extension, provide a focused surveillance system to ensure failures are detected before equipment are taken out of service. Whereas Respond-Recover initiatives provide a defined response plan to well equipment reliability issues through low complexity intervention actions and subsequent detailed repairs to correct detected failures with minimal downtime impact. The benefit of a top tier approach to PM is to drive incremental business benefit for the asset through optimization of existing resources.

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Hasbi, Nurul Ezween Binti, Junnyaruin Barat, Lilihani Maluan, and Sharon Ellen Lidwin. "Challenges in Managing Surface Controlled Subsurface Safety Valve SCSSV Integrity Issue in Gas Field, Offshore Malaysia." In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31619-ms.

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Abstract Surface Controlled Subsurface Safety Valves (SCSSV) is a critical completion accessory to maintain the Safe Operation Envelope (SOE) of the well and ensuring the production sustainability. In PCSB, it is a requirement that SCSSVs are tested on specific periods to ensure this safety device meet the acceptance requirement as per company guideline. Monitoring and maintaining the SCSSVs is proven to be challenging for E1 gas fields, located in Offshore Malaysia. Wells in E1 field, recently transferred operatorship, is an aging field producing since August 1982. The wells are equipped with Wireline Retrievable SCSSV (WRSCSSV). Within few months after operating this well, few cases of SCSSVs inoperability were encountered, resulted in significant gas production loss from E1. The main problems with SCSSV are: Control line hydraulic pressure unable to build up and maintain, hence unable to flow the well as SCSSV unable to open. Abnormal hydraulic return observed. E11 wells tripped due to Wellhead Control Panel Hydraulic pressure header hit low-ow trip setpoint. Inoperable after well close in, indication of control line leak. Immediate action taken to rectify include retrieving the WRSCSSV and installing redressed old WRSCSSV, injecting and displacing of Pressure Activated Sealant through control line to patch leak point. Root Cause Failure Analysis (RCFA) conducted on the wells identified preliminary factors that lead to E1 SCSSV issues: Frequent SCSSV cycling with high control line pressure in depleted well pressure (Frequent well tripping and monthly Corrosion Inhibitor batching activity requires close in and opening of SCSSV). Non-compatible SCSSV elastomeric parts with production & CI batching chemical. Wear & tear and corrosion due to valve age (manufactured in 1982 & 1985). Worn out seal bore of BP-6 landing nipple. Short term solution such as reviewing the recommended hydraulic line opening pressure, downhole visual inspection, pressure activated sealant and caliper survey to confirm BP-6 Landing Nipple seal bore damage, Swellable Packer/O-ring (External) and re-dress using non-upgraded Elastomers (Internal) had been planned. Contingency for subsurface controlled SSV and replacement using new WRSCSSV had been put in place as long-term solution. This paper describes operator experience in managing the challenges in maintaining SCSSV operability, diagnostic and solution recommended to avoid production deferment due to this issue.

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