Готові списки джерел за темами / Ray-tracing modelling

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Ray-tracing modelling"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Ray-tracing modelling"

Kamaruddin, Mohd Nazeri, Tan Kim Geok, Omar Abdul Aziz, Tharek Abd Rahman, Ferdous Hossain, and Azlan Abdul Aziz. "Adaptive 3D ray tracing approach for indoor radio signal prediction at 3.5 GHz." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 1617. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp1617-1625.

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This paper explained an adaptive ray tracing technique in modelling indoor radio wave propagation. As compared with conventional ray tracing approach, the presented ray tracing approach offers an optimized method to trace the travelling radio signal by introducing flexibility and adaptive features in ray launching algorithm in modelling the radio wave for indoor scenarios. The simulation result was compared with measurements data for verification. By analyzing the results, the proposed adaptive technique showed a better improvement in simulation time, power level and coverage in modelling the radio wave propagation for indoor scenario and may benefit in the development of signal propagation simulators for future technologies.

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Hossain, Ferdous, Tan Geok, Tharek Rahman, Mohammad Hindia, Kaharudin Dimyati, Chih Tso, and Mohd Kamaruddin. "A Smart 3D RT Method: Indoor Radio Wave Propagation Modelling at 28 GHz." Symmetry 11, no. 4 (April 9, 2019): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11040510.

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This paper describes a smart ray-tracing method based on the ray concept. From the literature review, we observed that there is still a research gap on conventional ray-tracing methods that is worthy of further investigation. The herein proposed smart 3D ray-tracing method offers an efficient and fast way to predict indoor radio propagation for supporting future generation networks. The simulation data was verified by measurements. This method is advantageous for developing new ray-tracing algorithms and simulators to improve propagation prediction accuracy and computational speed.

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AL-Behadili, Hasanain A. H., Mohsin Najim Sarayyih Almaliki, and Saddam K. Alwan AlWane. "A Ray Tracing Model for Wireless Communications." International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 13, no. 11 (November 15, 2019): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v13i11.11730.

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<p>Recently, there has been an interest in modelling of the communication process. One of the most important reasons for developing such models is to forecast what will be happened. A number of modelling studies provide several assumptions and use different theories. up to now, there is still a lack of an optimum model which can be used for the purpose of future communications. This indicates a need to understand the aspects of communication modelling and the motivation behind improving our knowledge in this field. This paper details work done to design a propagation model of a wireless communication system to give a forecast of signal behavior. Data for this study were collected using a wireless communication system employed in the outdoor environment. The final part of this paper gives a summary and description of findings which include a comparison between the experimental and simulation results. The model finally shows a similar trend with the observation.</p>

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Flandes, Alberto, Ángel M. García-Reyes, and Linda Spilker. "Ray-tracing thermal modelling of Saturn's main rings." Icarus 354 (January 2021): 114063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114063.

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Novak, Roman, Andrej Hrovat, Michael D. Bedford, and Tomaž Javornik. "Geometric Simplifications of Natural Caves in Ray-Tracing-Based Propagation Modelling." Electronics 10, no. 23 (November 25, 2021): 2914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10232914.

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Natural caves show some similarities to human-made tunnels, which have previously been the subject of radio-frequency propagation modelling using deterministic ray-tracing techniques. Since natural caves are non-uniform because of their inherent concavity and irregular limestone formations, detailed 3D models contain a large number of small facets, which can have a detrimental impact on the ray-tracing computational complexity as well as on the modelling accuracy. Here, we analyse the performance of ray tracing in repeatedly simplified 3D descriptions of two caves in the UK, i.e., Kingsdale Master Cave (KMC) Roof Tunnel and Skirwith Cave. The trade-off between the size of the reflection surface and the modelling accuracy is examined. Further, by reducing the number of facets, simulation time can be reduced significantly. Two simplification methods from computer graphics were applied: Vertex Clustering and Quadric Edge Collapse. We compare the ray-tracing results to the experimental measurements and to the channel modelling based on the modal theory. We show Edge Collapse to be better suited for the task than Vertex Clustering, with larger simplifications being possible before the passage becomes entirely blocked. The use of model simplification is predominantly justified by the computational time gains, with the acceptable simplified geometries roughly halving the execution time given the laser scanning resolution of 10 cm.

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Disney, M. I., P. Lewis, and P. R. J. North. "Monte Carlo ray tracing in optical canopy reflectance modelling." Remote Sensing Reviews 18, no. 2-4 (September 2000): 163–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02757250009532389.

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García-Reyes, Ángel M., and Alberto Flandes. "Methods for ray-tracing thermal modelling of Saturn's main rings." MethodsX 8 (2021): 101457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2021.101457.

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Hassan-Ali, M., and K. Pahlavan. "Site-specific wideband indoor channel modelling using ray-tracing software." Electronics Letters 33, no. 23 (1997): 1983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19971318.

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Friebel, Björn, Michael Schweins, Nils Dreyer, and Thomas Kürner. "Simulation of GPS localisation based on ray tracing." Advances in Radio Science 19 (December 17, 2021): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-19-85-2021.

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Abstract. In recent years, many simulation tools emerged to model the communication of connected vehicles. Thereby, the focus was put on channel modelling, applications or protocols while the localisation due to satellite navigation systems was treated as perfect. The effect of inaccurate positioning, however, was neglected so far. This paper presents an approach to extend an existing simulation framework for radio networks to estimate the localisation accuracy by navigation systems like GPS, GLONASS or Galileo. Therefore the error due multipath components is calculated by ray optical path loss predictions (ray tracing) considering 3D building data together with a well-established model for the ionospheric error.

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Iversen, Einar, Bjørn Ursin, Teemu Saksala, Joonas Ilmavirta, and Maarten V. de Hoop. "Higher-order Hamilton–Jacobi perturbation theory for anisotropic heterogeneous media: dynamic ray tracing in ray-centred coordinates." Geophysical Journal International 226, no. 2 (April 15, 2021): 1262–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab152.

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SUMMARY Dynamic ray tracing is a robust and efficient method for computation of amplitude and phase attributes of the high-frequency Green’s function. A formulation of dynamic ray tracing in Cartesian coordinates was recently extended to higher orders. Extrapolation of traveltime and geometrical spreading was demonstrated to yield significantly higher accuracy—for isotropic as well as anisotropic heterogeneous 3-D models of an elastic medium. This is of value in mapping, modelling and imaging, where kernel operations are based on extrapolation or interpolation of Green’s function attributes to densely sampled 3-D grids. We introduce higher-order dynamic ray tracing in ray-centred coordinates, which has certain advantages: (1) such coordinates fit naturally with wave propagation; (2) they lead to a reduction of the number of ordinary differential equations; (3) the initial conditions are simple and intuitive and (4) numerical errors due to redundancies are less likely to influence the computation of the Green’s function attributes. In a 3-D numerical example, we demonstrate that paraxial extrapolation based on higher-order dynamic ray tracing in ray-centred coordinates yields results highly consistent with those obtained using Cartesian coordinates. Furthermore, in a 2-D example we show that interpolation of dynamic ray tracing quantities along a wavefront can be done with much better consistency in ray-centred coordinates than in Cartesian coordinates. In both examples we measure consistency by means of constraints on the dynamic ray tracing quantities in the 3-D position space and in the 6-D phase space.

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Дисертації з теми "Ray-tracing modelling"

Laurensen, David Irvine. "Indoor radio channel propagation modelling by ray tracing techniques." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12397.

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In response to the requirement for a more detailed channel model based on the physical characteristics of the environment within which indoor radio communications operate, this thesis presents a channel model based on ray tracing techniques. The mathematical basis for the model is presented in terms of the electromagnetic properties of simple objects. The resulting model is coded into a simulation system which takes a description of a building in terms of the structure of internal walls, floors and ceilings. Through repeated application of the reflection process, a description of the channel impulse response is created for a given transmitter and receiver position from the multipath components generated. This model is applied, in progressing degrees of complexity, to two buildings for which narrowband physical measurements are available. Comparison is made between the measured results and the narrowband simulation results which leads to an analysis of the various propagation mechanisms involved in in-building communications. It is found that the model, while not accurately predicting the measured results, does produce a model that, considering the unknown parameters of the environment and experimental procedure, relates well to the channel experienced by a communication system. Wideband channel characteristics are determined from the simulation model, and found to give access to more detailed information on the channel than is obtainable through physical measurement. The results of the wideband simulations are compared with published material containing measurement results, and the relationship to the narrowband results already presented is shown.

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Russ, Keith David. "An investigation into the application of computers for the processing of survey and planning data for 2D and 3D interpretation." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260748.

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Anderson, Harry R. "Development and applications of site-specific microcell comunications channel modelling using ray tracing." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260848.

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Cheung, Chi Keung. "Novel real 3D ray tracing techniques for modelling of propagation for wireless communication systems." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413399.

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Perovšek, Jaka. "Ray Tracing and Spectral Modelling of Excited Hydroxyl Radiation from Cryogenic Flames in Rocket Combustion Chambers." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-71277.

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A visualisation procedure was developed which predicts excited hydroxyl (OH*) radiation from the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solutions of cryogenic hydrogen-oxygen rocket flames. The model of backward ray tracing through inhomogeneous media with a continuously changing refractive index was implemented. It obtains the optical paths of light rays that originate in the rocket chamber, pass through the window and enter a simulated camera. Through the use of spectral modelling, the emission and absorption spectra eλ and κλ are simulated on the ray path from information about temperature, pressure and concentration of constituent species at relevant points. By solving a radiative transfer equation with the integration of emission and absorption spectra along the ray line-by-line, a spectral radiance is calculated, multiplied with the spectral filter transmittance and then integrated into total radiance. The values of total radiances at the window edge are visualised as a simulated 2D image. Such images are comparable with the OH* measurement images. The modelling of refraction effects results in up to 20 % of total radiance range absolute difference compared to line-of-sight integration. The implementation of accurate self-absorption corrects significant over-prediction, which occurs if the flame is assumed to be optically thin. Modelling of refraction results in images with recognisable areas where the effect of a liquid oxygen (LOx) jet core can be observed, as the light is significantly refracted. The algorithm is parallelised and thus ready for use on big computational clusters. It uses partial pre-computation of spectra to reduce computational effort.

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Soman, Deepa. "Channel modelling for Wireless Networks on Chip at Oprtical frequencies: simulations and measurements." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22036/.

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Optical wireless networks-on-chip (OWiNoC) are considered as a promising solution to overcome the communication bottleneck due to wired interconnects in modern chip multiprocessor systems. The efficient implementation of optical wireless links requires considering many different aspects, including analysis and deep understanding of the effects on the propagation of the electromagnetic field induced by the discontinuities that can be found in a realistic scenario. Optical Wireless Networks on Chip have become an ambitious but attractive solution to increase computing performances in multi-core/multi-chip architectures. To assess the benefit of the wireless optical solution a truthful characterization of the wireless channel at the chip scale has to be carried out. Propagation in Optical Wireless Network on Chip occurs in a layered environment, where the layer thickness is often very small compared to the link distance: a high order of multiple reflections/refraction bounces is therefore necessary, triggering strong multipath effect. In this thesis the effectiveness of different propagation models, taking into account different propagation mechanisms are investigated, through comparison with measurements. The outcome will be a set of tools permitting the design and the performance evaluation of on-chip wireless optical communications as a function of the main parameters of the link components and geometries, including the presence of interference from other transmitters, opening the possibility to design new architectures for many-core and kilo-core CMPs.

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Mancini, Roberta. "Volumetric Solar Receiver for a Parabolic Dish and Micro-Gas Turbine system : Design, modelling and validation using Multi-Objective Optimization." Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-172538.

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Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) constitutes one suitable solution for exploiting solar resources for power generation. In this context, parabolic dish systems concentrate the solar radiation onto a point focusing receiver for small-scale power production. Given the modularity feature of such system, the scale-up is a feasible option; however, they offer a suitable solution for small scale off-grid electrification of rural areas. These systems are usually used with Stirling engines, nevertheless the coupling with micro-gas turbines presents a number of advantages, related to the reliability of the system and the lower level of maintenance required. The OMSoP project, funded by the European Union, aims at the demonstration of a parabolic dish coupled with an air-driven Brayton cycle. By looking at the integrated system, a key-role is played by the solar receiver, whose function is the absorption of the concentrated solar radiation and its transfer to the heat transfer fluid. Volumetric solar receivers constitute a novel and promising solution for such applications; the use of a porous matrix for the solar radiation absorption allows reaching higher temperature within a compact volume, while reducing the heat transfer losses between the fluid and the absorption medium. The aim of the present work is to deliver a set of optimal design specifications for a volumetric solar receiver for the OMSoP project. The work is based on a Multi-Objective Optimization algorithm, with the objective of the enhancement of the receiver thermal efficiency and of the reduction of the pressure drop. The optimization routine is coupled with a detailed analysis of the component, based on a Computational Fluid Dynamics model and a Mechanical Stress Analysis. The boundary conditions are given by the OMSoP project, in terms of dish specifications and power cycle, whilst the solar radiation boundary is modelled by means of a Ray Tracing routine. The outcome of the analysis is the assessment of the impact on the receiver performance of some key design parameters, namely the porous material properties and the receiver geometrical dimensions. From the results, it is observed a general low pressure drop related to the nominal air mass flow, with several points respecting the materials limitations. One design point is chosen among the optimal points, which respects the OMSoP project requirements for the design objectives, i.e. a minimum value of efficiency of 70%, and pressure losses below 1%. The final receiver configuration performs with an efficiency value of 86%, with relative pressure drop of 0.5%, and it is based on a ceramic foam absorber made of silicon carbide, with porosity value of 0.94. Moreover, the detailed analysis of one volumetric receiver configuration to be integrated in the OMSoP project shows promising results for experimental testing and for its actual integration in the system.

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McCall, David Samuel. "Measurement and modelling of light scattering by small to medium size parameter airborne particles." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/6374.

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An investigation into the light scattering properties of Saharan dust grains is presented. An electrodynamic trap has been used to levitate single dust particles. By adjusting the trap parameters, partial randomisation of the particle orientation has been introduced. While levitated, the particles were illuminated by a laser, and a rotating half-wave retarder enabled selection of vertically or horizontally polarized incident light. A laser diffractometer and linear photodiode array have been used to measure intensity at scattering angles between 0.5° and 177°. Combining these measurements with Fraunhofer diffraction as calculated for a range of appropriately-sized apertures allows the calculation of the phase function and degree of linear polarization. The phase functions and degree of linear polarisation for four case study particles are presented - the phase functions are found to be featureless across most of the scattering region, with none of the halo features or rainbow peaks associated with regularly shaped particles such as hexagonal columns or spheres. Particle models comprised of large numbers of facets have been constructed to resemble the levitated particles. Utilizing Gaussian random sphere methods, increasing levels of roughness have been added to the surfaces of these models. A Geometric Optics model and a related model, Ray Tracing with Diffraction on Facets, have been modified to calculate scattering on these particle reconstructions. Scattering calculations were performed on each of these reconstructions using a range of refractive indices and two rotation regimes – one where the orientations of the reconstructed particle were limited to match those observed when the particle was levitated, and one where the orientation was not limited. Qualitative comparisons are performed on the phase functions and degree of linear polarization, where it is observed that the addition of roughness to the modelled spheroids causes the computed phase functions to increasingly resemble those from the levitated particles. Limiting the orientation of the particles does not affect the scattering noticeably. The addition of a very small absorption coefficient does not change the comparisons considerably. As the absorption coefficient is increased, however, the quality of the comparisons decreases rapidly in all cases but one. The phase functions are quantitatively compared using RMS errors, and further comparison is performed using the asymmetry parameter.

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Svensson, Elin. "Physical modelling of acoustic shallow-water communication channels." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Farkost och flyg, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4572.

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Griffin, Daniel Joe. "The extension of a non-hydrostatic dynamical core into the thermosphere." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34335.

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The non-hydrostatic dynamical core ENDGame (Even Newer Dynamics for the General Atmospheric Modelling of the Environment) is extended into the thermosphere to test its feasability as a whole-atmosphere dynamical core that can simulate the large scale fluid dynamics of the whole atmosphere from the surface to the top of the thermosphere at 600km. This research may have applications in the development of a Sun-to-Earth modelling system involving the Met Office Unified Model, which will be useful for space weather forecasting and chemical climate modelling. Initial attempts to raise the top boundary of ENDGame above ∼100km give rise to instabilities. To explore the potential causes of these instabilities, a one dimensional column version of ENDGame: ENDGame1D, is developed to study the effects of vertically propagating acoustic waves in the dynamical core. A 2D ray-tracing scheme is also developed, which accounts for the numerical effects on wave propagation. It is found that ENDGame’s numerics have a tendency towards the excessive focussing of wave energy towards vertical propagation, and have poor handling of large amplitude waves, also being unable to handle shocks. A key finding is that the physical processes of vertical molecular viscosity and diffusion prevent the excessive growth of wave amplitudes in the thermosphere in ENDGame, which may be crucial to improving ENDGame’s stability as it is extended upwards. Therefore, a fully implicit-in-time implementation of vertical molecular viscosity and diffusion is developed in both ENDGame1D and the full three-dimensional version of ENDGame: ENDGame3D. A new scheme is developed to deal with the viscous and diffusive terms with the dynamics terms in a fully coupled way to avoid time-splitting errors that may arise. The combination of a small amount of off-centring of ENDGame’s semi-implicit formulation and the inclusion of vertical molecular viscosity and diffusion act to make ENDGame significantly more stable, as long as the simulation is able to remain stable up to the molecularly diffused region above an altitude of ∼130km.

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Книги з теми "Ray-tracing modelling"

United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. A Final report for source location determination of Uranian kilometric radiation from ray tracing and emission lobe modelling. San Antonio, Tex: Southwest Research Institute, Instrumentation and Space Research Division, 1991.

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Частини книг з теми "Ray-tracing modelling"

Baumgart, Marcus, Norbert Druml, and Cristina Consani. "Multipath Ray-Tracing-Based Modelling of Time-of-Flight Cameras." In Sensor Systems Simulations, 93–147. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16577-2_4.

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Natraj, B. N. Rao, and K. S. Reddy. "Finite element modelling and monte carlo ray tracing for the solar parabolic trough collector with torque box." In Aerospace and Associated Technology, 398–402. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003324539-73.

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Zhao, Jing, Jinchang Ren, Cailing Wang, Ke Li, and Yifang Zhao. "Direction Guided Cooperative Coevolutionary Differential Evolution Algorithm for Cognitive Modelling of Ray Tracing in Separable High Dimensional Space." In Advances in Brain Inspired Cognitive Systems, 172–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00563-4_17.

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"Numerical modelling." In Muon Spectroscopy, edited by Stephen J. Blundell, Roberto De Renzi, Tom Lancaster, and Francis L. Pratt, 263–73. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198858959.003.0017.

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Modelling and tuning of muon beamlines can be carried out using matrix techniques from optics, or via ray tracing methods. Monte Carlo methods for determining the muon stopping profile allow optimal degrader thicknesses to be computed, and pressure- cell and low-energy measurements to be planned. Numerical modelling of the muon spin response using the density matrix method allows muon spectra to be computed for a range of interactions between the muon and its environment.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Ray-tracing modelling"

Degli-Esposti, Vittorio. "Ray Tracing propagation modelling: Future prospects." In 2014 8th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eucap.2014.6902256.

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Richter, Pascal, Janna Tinnes, Peter Schwarzbözl, and Amadeus Rong. "Efficient Ray Tracing with Real Weather Data." In 9th Vienna Conference on Mathematical Modelling. ARGESIM Publisher Vienna, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11128/arep.55.a55237.

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Giovinazzo, Carine, João Gomes, Bjorn Karlsson, and Luc Bonfiglio. "Ray-Tracing Modelling of an Asymmetric Concentrating PVT." In EuroSun 2014. Freiburg, Germany: International Solar Energy Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18086/eurosun.2014.21.01.

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Aitelieva, Aizat, and Gokhan Celik ve Hasari Celebi. "Ray tracing-based channel modelling for VHF frequency band." In 2015 23th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siu.2015.7130100.

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Miksat, J., and T. M. Müller. "Efficient Seismic Modelling Using Finite Differences and Ray Tracing." In 70th EAGE Conference and Exhibition - Workshops and Fieldtrips. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20147867.

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Diskin, John, and Conor Brennan. "Accelerated Ray-Tracing for Indoor Ultra-wideband Propagation Modelling." In 2007 IEEE 65th Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2007.97.

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Shay, Wen-Tron, Kuan-Ju Shen, Yu-Rong Chen, Ying-Ying Lin, Zuo-Min Tsai, and Jenn-Hwen Tarng. "Millimeter-wave Channel Modelling and Ray-tracing Method Validation." In 2019 Photonics & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Fall (PIERS - Fall). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/piers-fall48861.2019.9021354.

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Serina, Francis Jospeh, and Joy Alinda Reyes Madamba. "Reservoir: An Alternative Load Balancing Technique for Parallel Ray Tracing." In 2011 5th Asia Modelling Symposium (AMS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ams.2011.43.

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Asif, H. M., Yujie Zeng, B. Honary, and H. Ahmed. "MIMO-UWB channel modelling using a 3D ray tracing simulator." In IET 3rd International Conference on Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (ICWMMN 2010). IET, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2010.0626.

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Goudos, Sotirios K., Georgia Athanasiadou, George V. Tsoulos, and Vasileios Rekkas. "Modelling Ray Tracing Propagation Data Using Different Machine Learning Algorithms." In 2020 14th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/eucap48036.2020.9135639.

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