Дисертації з теми "Rats Infertility"
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Pontes, Davi Abeid. "Avaliação dos mecanismos causadores de disturbios reprodutivos em ratos diabeticos." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/318038.
Повний текст джерелаDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: O Diabetes mellitus geralmente se associa a algum tipo de disfunção sexual, provocando infertilidade, tanto em seres humanos, quanto em animais experimentais. Em trabalho anterior realizado em nosso laboratório, ratos machos que tiveram hiperglicemia induzida quimicamente pela administração de streptozotocin apresentaram diminuição da fertilidade através de múltiplos parâmetros analisados. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar os mecanismos envolvidos e o papel da testosterona no processo. Para tanto, ratos machos foram divididos em 3 grupos experimentais: normoglicêmico (controle), hiperglicêmico (streptozotocin), e hiperglicêmico com reposição hormonal (streptozotocin+testosterona) e foram avaliados parâmetros reprodutivos e espermáticos, níveis hormonais, a contratilidade do ducto deferente isolado in vitro, comportamento sexual e o número de espermatozóides ejaculados no útero. O ducto deferente de animais diabéticos apresentou um quadro de hipersensibilidade à metoxamina, um agonista sintético de adrenoceptores _1. Estes mesmos animais apresentaram os seguintes resultados: alteração de comportamento sexual e ausência de espermatozóides ejaculados, redução dos níveis plasmáticos de testosterona, perda de peso corpóreo e de órgãos como epidídimo, ducto deferente, vesículas seminais e próstata ventral, perda de células germinativas na luz e desorganização epitelial aparente em túbulos seminíferos, além da aceleração do tempo de trânsito dos espermatozóides pelo epidídimo. Os dados apresentados neste trabalho indicam que os mecanismos responsáveis pela perda de fertilidade natural de ratos diabéticos envolvem comprometimento do processo espermatogênico, assim como desregulação do eixo reprodutivo masculino, juntamente com evidências para problemas no processo de maturação espermática, tendo como fator complicante o prejuízo da função ejaculatória, dependente da contratilidade da musculatura lisa dos ductos deferentes. A reposição de andrógeno não foi totalmente capaz de reverter os danos causados pelo diabetes no sistema reprodutivo masculino de ratos adultos
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is usually related with some kind of sexual dysfunction, promoting infertility in humans as well as in experimental models. In a prior work from our laboratory, male rats, which had a diabetic-induced state of hyperglycemia caused by streptozotocin administration, demonstrated reduced fertility through several parameters analyzed. The present study aimed at investigating the mechanisms involved and the role of testosterone in the process. Male rats were randomly allocated in 3 experimental groups: control, hyperglycemic (streptozotocin), and hyperglycemic with hormone replacement (streptozotocin+testosterone) and the following parameters were analyzed: reproductive and spermatic parameters, hormone levels, sexual behavior, contractility of vas deferens in vitro, sexual behavior parameters and the number of sperm ejaculated in utero. The vas deferens of diabetic animals was hypersensitive to methoxamine, a synthetic agonist of _1 adrenoceptors. The same animals showed the following results: alterations in sexual behavior and lack of sperm ejaculated, reduction in plasma testosterone levels, decreased body weight and epididymis, seminal vesicles, ventral prostate and vas deferens weights, loss of germ cells in the lumen and apparent epithelial disarrange in seminiferous tubules, and accelerated sperm transit time in the epididymis. The data presented herein indicate that the mechanisms underlying the reduced fertility through natural mating observed in diabetic rats involve impairment of the spermatogenic process, as well as a dysregulation of the male reproductive axis, together with evidence for problems in the sperm maturation process, which has as a complicant factor the impairment of the ejaculatory function, dependent on the vas deferens smooth muscle contractility. Androgen replacement was not totally capable of reversing the damage caused by diabetes on the male reproductive system of adult rats
Mestrado
Biologia Celular
Mestre em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
Adedeji, Adekunle. "The Combined Effects of Leptin and Coenzyme Q10 in Ameliorating Obesity- Induced Infertility in Female Rats." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3131.
Повний текст джерелаAdedeji, Adekunle, Effiong Ottukonyong, Jonathan M. Peterson, and W. Andrew Clark. "The Combined Effects of Leptin And Coenzyme Q10 in Ameliorating Obesity-Induced Infertility in Female Rats." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2513.
Повний текст джерелаSokan, Olufunke A. "Systemic Leptin Modulates the Expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin in the Ovary of Dietary-Induced Obese Infertile Rats". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1174.
Повний текст джерелаJordaan, Audrey Emmerentia. "The effects of the wild african potato (hypoxis hemerocallidea) supplementation on streptozotocin-induced diabetic wistar rats reproductive function." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2234.
Повний текст джерелаDiabetes mellitus (DM) has been reported to be one of the greatest global public health threats. Statistics of the fertility status of modern society has linked increased DM to a decrease in fertility rates. Hyperglycaemia is characteristic of DM that results in a disturbance of proteins, lipids and carbohydrate metabolism leading to an increase production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the case where ROS overwhelms antioxidant mechanisms, the body goes into state of oxidative stress (OS). OS plays a vital role in the progression of DM which leads to dysfunction and damage of various organs including that of the reproductive system. Os has shown to cause damage to the sperm membraneby oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA’s) as the sperm membrane are rich in PUFA’s. This damage contributes to reduced sperm motility, concentration, morphological abnormalities and the sperms ability to fuse with the ZP of the oocyte. DM has been observed to cause testicular degeneration by interrupting sertoli cell production and maintenance thus resulting in a disturbance of the normal functioning of the reproductive system. Experimental studies have targeted more natural sources for treating DM and its complications of the reproductive system. Plants and natural dietary substances have shown to have high antioxidant contents that combat DM induced oxidative stress. This study explored the effect the Hypoxis hemerocallidea (H. hemerocallidea) supplementation on testicular and epididymal tissue, sperm motility and reproductive hormones in male wistar rats. The experiment were conducted for 6 weeks and the rats (230-260 grams) were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=12 per group). Diabetes was induced in 3 of the 5 groups. The first group was the normal control group (A), second the diabetic control group (B), third was the diabetic group treated with 800mg/kg H. hemerocallidea (group C), fourth the diabetic group treated with 200mg/kg H. hemerocallidea (group D) and fifth the non-diabetic group supplemented with 800mg/kg H. hemerocallidea (group E). Blood glucose showed a significant increase in the diabetic group when compared to the normal control and treated groups. H. hemerocallidea showed improvement in sperm motility and sperm morphology more at 800mg/kg when compared to diabetic group and diabetic group treated with 200mg/kg. Body, testicular and epipidymal weights of diabetic control were significantly lower when compared to the other groups. Testicular and epididymal Malondialdehyde levels were decreased in normal control, diabetic groups treated with different doses of H. hemerocallidea and the non-diabetic group supplemented with H. hemerocallideaon comparing with the diabetic control group. Antioxidants such as Superoxide dismutase, Catalase and total Glutathione activity was observed to be dosage dependent in certin groups but most showed a significant increase when compared to the diabetic control group. The total antioxidant capacity was measured using Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP); increase was observed when normal control group and treated groups were compared to the diabetic group. Testosterone and estradiol levels were also increased when the normal control group and treated groups were compared to the diabetic control group. Based on our findings it can be concluded that H. hemerocallidea supplementation can potentially be used to counteract deleterious effects of DM on the male reproductive system.
Costa, Vinícius Moreira Gonçalves. "Avaliação reprodutiva de ratas superalimentadas na infância expostas a diferentes tipos de treinamento físico." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2018. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/6629.
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FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
Os dados estatísticos de prevalência e incidência de sobrepeso/obesidade vem aumetando ao longo dos anos e atinge milhões de pessoas ao redor do mundo, tornando-se assim, umas das grandes epidemias do século XXI. A globalização e o aumento na disponibilidade de alimentos mais palatáveis e ricos em gordura saturada, somados ao estilo de vida sedentário, contribuem diretamente no desenvolvimento dessa condição. Estudos demonstram que alterações nutricionais durante fases críticas do desenvolvimento infantil, como a lactação, estão associadas ao desenvolvimento de obesidade, alterações metabólicas, doenças cardiovasculares, problemas respiratórios e diabetes. Além disso, o sobrepeso/obesidade pode influenciar na função reprodutiva da população, gerando malformações fetais, infertilidade, assim como morte materna e fetal. Considerando o exercício físico como fator primário no combate ao sobrepeso/obesidade, pretendeu-se avaliar se o exercício físico, em diferentes intensidades, é capaz de influenciar na saúde reprodutiva de indivíduos com sobrepeso/obesos. Foram utilizadas 40 ratas Wistar provenientes de ninhadas padrão (NP=10 filhotes/mãe) e de ninhadas reduzidas (NR=4 filhotes/mãe) que promoveram o sobrepeso/obesidade. Os animais foram treinados durante oito semanas em protocolos de intensidade moderada (Endurance) e intervalar de alta intensidade (Hiit), acasalados aos 90 dias de vida e eutanasiados no 20o dia de gestação. As variáveis metabólicas, bioquímicas e reprodutivas foram coletadas e analisadas. Os animais dos grupos superalimentados treinados Endurance e Hiit apresentaram redução significativa das médias de peso, consumo, índice de tolerância à insulina e de determinados parâmetros bioquímicos e reprodutivos analisados quando comparados com o grupo superalimentado sedentário. Porém, não houve diferenças significativas com relação ao comprimento nasoanal; peso relativos de órgãos; gorduras retroperitoneal e perigonadal; além do teste de tolerância oral à glicose; índices de gestação, implantação e reabsorção fetal; e demais análises fetais nos grupos estudados. Concluiu-se que o treinamento físico, em suas diferentes intensidades, não foi capaz de melhorar significativemente a capacidade reprodutiva desses animais, entretanto, foi eficiente em promover redução do peso, consumo, sensibilidade à insulina e de determinados parâmetros bioquímicos de animais superalimentados durante a fase lactente. Além disso, o exercício Endurance se mostrou mais eficiente no controle das variáveis descritas acima, quando comparado ao exercício Hiit.
Statistical data of incidence and prevalence of Overweight/obesity have been growing over the years and this condition affects millions of people around the world, making it one of the great epidemics of the 21th century. Globalization and the increase in the availability of more palatable foods rich in saturated fat, added to the sedentary lifestyle, contribute directly to the development of this condition. Studies show that nutritional changes during critical stages of childhood development, such as lactation, are associated with the development of obesity, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory problems and diabetes. In addition, overweight/obesity can influence the reproductive function of the population causing fetal malformations, infertility, as well as maternal and fetal death. Considering physical exercise as a primary factor against overweight / obesity, we intend to evaluate whether physical exercise, in different intensities, is capable of influencing the reproductive health of overweight/obese individuals. Forty Wistar rats from normal litters (NL = 10) and small litters (SL = 4) were used and overweight/obesity was induced by litter reduction. The animals were trained for 8 weeks in protocols (Endurance and Hiit), mated at 90 days of age and euthanized on the 20th day of gestation. Metabolic, biochemical and reproductive datas were collected and analyzed. The animals of the overfeed groups trained Endurance and Hiit showed reduction with significant differences in body weight, consumption, insulin tolerance test and in some biochemical e reproductive parameters analyzed when compared to the control groups. However, there were no significant differences regarding nasoanal distance, relative organ weight, retroperitoneal and perigonadal fats, as well as oral glucose tolerance test, gestation index, implantation and fetal resorption in the studied groups. It was concluded that the physical training, in its different intensities, was not able to improve significantly the reproductive capacity of these animals, however, it was efficient to promote weight reduction, consumption, insulin sensitivity and certain biochemical parameters of supercharged animals during the phase. In addition, the Endurance exercise was more efficient in controlling the variables, described above, when compared to the Hiit exercise.
Peronace, Laura A. "Two-part investigation of the biopsychosocial model in male reproductive health : A cross-sectional investigation of the association between infertility diagnosis and emotional distress in men (Part I) ; and, A prospective controlled investigation of the effect of psychosocial stress on corticosterone, testosterone and sperm parameters in male rats (Part II)." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54630/.
Повний текст джерелаMIYAKE, KOJI, SATOSHI KATSUNO, HATSUKI HIBI, and MASANORI YAMAMOTO. "ANTIBIOTIC AND EJACULATION TREATMENTS IMPROVE RESOLUTION RATE OF LEUKOCYTOSPERMIA IN INFERTILE MEN WITH PROSTATITIS." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16082.
Повний текст джерелаEggert, Jan. "Epidemiological and clinical aspects of fertility and diseases associated with infertility among Swedish-born and foreign-born women /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7140-814-3/.
Повний текст джерелаIdahl, Annika. "Chlamydia trachomatis as a risk factor for infertility in women and men, and ovarian tumor development." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Obstetrik och gynekologi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-22239.
Повний текст джерелаMedeiros, Francisco das Chagas. "Envolvimento de Ãxido nÃtrico, prostaglandinas e fator de necrose tumoral no desenvolvimento de implantes endometriais ectÃpicos (peritoneais) e suas repercussÃes sobre a dor e infertilidade em ratas." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2005. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=279.
Повний текст джерелаEndometriose à uma doenÃa caracterizada pela presenÃa de glÃndulas e estroma endometriais for a da cavidade uterina e do miomÃtrio. Clinicamente pode causar tumores, dor (dor pÃlvica crÃnica, dispareunia e dismenorrÃia) e infertilidade. EvidÃncias correntes indicam que as cÃlulas endometriais ectÃpicas durante a menstruaÃÃo (menstruaÃÃo retrÃgrada) jogadas a cavidade peritoneal em mulheres com endometriose, implantam e proliferam ectÃpicamente no peritÃnio e em outros ÃrgÃos, uma aÃÃo que està associada com a mobilizaÃÃo de cÃlulas do sistema imune para a cavidade peritoneal e com uma profunda resposta imune e local. Um aumento na quantidade do lÃquido peritoneal à um achado caracterÃstico na endometriose e està associado com a presenÃa aumentada de cÃlulas imunes como os macrÃfagos assim como um sem numero de substancias solÃveis derivadas daqueles macrÃfagos como prostaglandinas, interleucinas, TNF, fatores de crescimento e espÃcies reativas de oxigÃnio. à provÃvel por isso que novas medicaÃÃes para essa doenÃa evoluam no futuro prÃximo, para isso devem-se elucidar os mecanismos de todas essas substÃncias na patogÃnese da endometriose. Os objetivos desse trabalho sÃo verificar: (i) os efeitos de drogas inibidoras seletivas da enzima ciclooxigenase tipo 1 (COX-1) responsÃvel pelos eventos fisiolÃgicos do organismo e pela induzida COX-2, envolvida nos processos inflamatÃrios; (ii) os efeitos do L-NAME, um antagonista competitivo do Ãxido nÃtrico assim como a atividade da NO-sintase avaliada pelo ensaio da citrulina marcada (3H-labelled citrulline from labelled L-arginine) e (iii) os efeitos da drogas moduladoras de TNF-alfa (Talidomida e pentoxifilina) sobre o desenvolvimento da endometriose experimental e suas repercussÃes sobre a dor e a fertilidade em ratas. Endometriose experimental foi desenvolvida em ratas Wistar e os animais foram divididos em grupos testes. O tratamento foi dado do 5o ao 15o dia da induÃÃo da endometriose para verificar os efeitos sobre o crescimento dos endometriomas avaliados pelo peso Ãmido e histopatologia e agudamente 30 minutos antes do estÃmulo nociceptivo para avaliar a dor (contorÃÃes abdominais) e a fertilidade investigada pela percentagem de ratas grÃvidas e pelo numero de embriÃes por corno uterino. Aspirina (30mg/kg - um inibidor de seletividade intermediÃria entre as COXs); piroxicam (1mg/kg) e indometacina (2mg/kg), um inibidor seletivo especÃfico da COX-1 e nabumetona (5 e 15mg/kg) e meloxicam (0,4mg/kg) inibidor seletivo relativo da COX-2 foram usados por via oral. Todos os tratamentos realizados diminuÃram significativamente a dor quando avaliadas pelo teste de contorÃÃes. A mÃdia dos pesos Ãmidos dos endometriomas (g%) sÃo mostrados (Controle endometriose: 0,595Â0,085; Aspirina: 0,122Â0,019; piroxicam: 0,766Â0,35; indometacina: 2,05Â0,96 e para Nabumetona 5mg: 0,52 0,032; Nabumetona 15mg: 0,135Â0,03 e meloxicam: 0,387Â0,04). Com relaÃÃo à fertilidade, a percentagem de ratas grÃvidas foi: Controle endometriose, 40%; controle intacto, 100%; Falso-operado, 100%; Indometacina, Zero%; meloxicam, 60%; Aspirina, 60% e Nabumetona 5 e 15, 50 e 58% respectivamente. Os tratamentos com Aspirina e Nabumetona diminuÃram significativamente o desenvolvimento dos endometriomas assim como contribuÃram para o alivio da dor e incrementaram a fertilidade. Estes resultados sugerem o papel da COX-1 e -2 na fisiopatologia da dor relacionada a endometriose assim como a infertilidade e o crescimento dos endometriomas. A atividade da sintase de Ãxido nÃtrico realizada atravÃs da citrulina marcada dada em pmol de citrullina/mgxproteÃna/min à expressa nos endometriomas. A iNOS no 5o dia: 1,94+0,5; 10o dia: 2,46Â0,2 e no dia 15: 1,17Â0,3 assim como com a cNOS que diminui de forma tempo-dependente (5 dia: 2,48Â0,7; 10 dia: 1,8Â0,19; e dia 15: 0,78Â0,3). Essa diminuiÃÃo da atividade da cNOS à provavelmente devida a descamaÃÃo endometrial que ocorre normalmente com a evoluÃÃo da doenÃa assim como devida a fibrose que circunda os endometriomas e o aumento da iNOS pelo processo inflamatÃrio peritoneal encontrado na endometriose. O uso do L-NAME tambÃm fez diminuir os pesos Ãmidos dos endometriomas assim como melhorou a fertilidade e aliviou a dor de forma dose-dependente. A Pentoxifilina (30mg/Kg/day) administrada entre o 5 e o 14 dia da induÃÃo da endometriose foi efetiva na diminuiÃÃo da expressÃo da sintase de Ãxido nÃtrico, ambas constitutiva como induzida. Os resultados desse estudo sugerem o envolvimento do Ãxido nÃtrico no desenvolvimento da endometriose experimental assim como nas suas repercussÃes: dor e infertilidade. Os nÃveis peritoneais de TNF-alfa em ratas intactas foram de 28,95Â1,18ng/ml. Os nÃveis de TNF-alfa aumentaram no lÃquido peritoneal de ratas endometriÃticas de forma tempo dependente. Drogas que modulam o TNF foram efetivas em reduzir o crescimento de endometriomas experimentais: Controle: 0,595Â0,085g%; pentoxifilina (30 mg/Kg): 0,06Â0,008g%; talidomida (5mg/Kg): 0,20Â0,049g% e dexametasona (0,2mg/Kg): 0,145Â0,02g%. Essas drogas tambÃm aliviaram a dor e incrementaram a fertilidade. Esses resultados sugerem o envolvimento do TNF na fisiopatologia da endometriose.
Endometriosis is a disease characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma out of the uterine cavity and of the myometrium. It may cause tumor, pain (chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia and dysmenorrhea) and infertility. Currently available evidence indicates that endometrial cells misplaced during menses into the peritoneal cavity in women with endometriosis, implant and proliferate in the ectopic locations, an action that is associated with mobilization of the immune cells into the peritoneal cavity and a profound local and systemic immune response. An increase in the amount of peritoneal fluid is a characteristic finding in endometriosis and associated with improved presence of immune cells like macrophages as well as a wide range of soluble substances derived from those macrophages like prostaglandins, interleukins, TNF, growth factors and reactive oxygen species. It is likely the role of medication for this disease will expand in the future. Also the mechanisms of all these substances must be elucidated in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. The purpose of this study is to verify: (i) the drugs effects that selectively inhibits one of the enzymes ciclooxigenase type 1 (COX-1) responsible for the physiologic events of the organism and the induced COX-2, involved in the inflammatory process; (ii) the effects of L-NAME, a competitive antagonist of nitric oxide as well as NO synthase actvity assayed by 3H-labelled citrulline from labelled L-arginine and (iii) the effects of TNF-alfa modulating drugs (Thalidomide and pentoxifilline) on the development of experimental endometriosis and on its related pain and infertility in female rats. Experimental endometriosis was developed in female Wistar rats and the animals were divided into tests groups. The treatment was given from the 5th to the 14th day of endometriosis induction to verify the effects on growth of endometriomas evaluated by its wet weight and histopathology and acutely 30 minutes before the nociceptive stimulus in order to evaluating pain (writhing test) and fertility was assessed through the percentage of pregnant rats. Aspirin (30mg/kg - an inhibitor of intermediate selectivity among COXs); piroxicam (1mg/kg) and indomethacin (2mg/kg), specific selective inhibitors of COX-1 and nabumetone (5 and 15mg/kg) and meloxicam (0.4mg/kg) relative selective inhibitors against COX-2 were used per os. All the accomplished treatments decreased significantly the pain as evaluated by the writhing test. The mean wet weights of the endometriomas (g%) were as shown [Endo control: 0.595 Â 0.085; Aspirin: 0.122 Â 0.019; piroxicam: 0.766 Â 0.35; indomethacin: 2.058 Â 0.96 and for Nabumetone 5mg: 0.252 Â 0.032; Nabumetone 15mg: 0.135 Â 0.03 and meloxicam: 0.387 Â 0.04]. As to fertility, the percentage of pregnant animals were as follows: Endo control, 40%; intact control, 100%; Sham operated, 100%; Indomethacin, Zero%; meloxicam, 60%; Aspirin, 60% and Nabumetone 5 and 15, 50 e 58% respectively. The treatments with Aspirin and Nabumetone had decreased the development of the endometriomas significantly as well as contributed to the relief of the pain and increasing fertility. These results suggest the role of COX-1 and -2 in the pathophysiology of endometriosis related pain, fertility and on its growth. NO synthase actvity assayed by 3H-labelled citrulline from labelled L-arginine. The nitric oxide synthase was expressed as pmol of citrulline/mg protein/min. The endometriomas expressed iNOS at the: 5th day: 1.94 + 0.5; 10th day: 2.46 Â 0.2 and day 15: 1.17 Â 0.3 as well as cNOS that decreased in a time-dependent way (5th day: 2.48 Â 0.7; 10th day: 1.8 Â 0.19; and day 15: 0.78 Â 0.3). This decreasing activity of cNOS was probably found by the endometrial shedding that occurs normally in the course of this disease as well as by the fibrosis that surrounds the endometriomas and the increasing iNOS by the inflammatory peritoneal and tissue reaction that is frequently found in endometriosis. The use of L-NAME also decreased the wet weight of endometriomas as well as ameliorates the pain and fertility in a dose dependent fashion. Pentoxifylline (30mg/Kg/day) administered subcutaneously for 10 consecutive days during the established phase of endometriosis (days 5-14 post induction) was effective in decreasing the expression of nitric oxide synthase, both induced and constitutive. The results of the present study as those previously shown suggest the involvement of nitric oxide in the development of experimental endometriosis. TNF-alfa modulating drugs proved to reduce the mean weights of endometrial implants, obtained at day 15 of endometriosis induction with pentoxifylline (30 mg/Kg), thalidomide (5mg/Kg) and dexamethasone (0.2mg/Kg) treated rats (control: 0.595 Â 0.085g%; pentoxifylline: 0.06 Â 0.008g%; thalidomide: 0.206 Â 0.049g% and dexamethasone: 0.145 Â 0.02g%). The results of the present study suggest the involvement of TNF-alfa in the pathophysiology of experimental endometriosis. The peritoneal levels of TNF-alfa evaluated in intact rats showed 28.95 Â 1.18ng of TNF-alfa/ml. The levels of TNF-alfa increased in the peritoneal fluid in a time dependent way after the peritoneal implant (endometriotic rat). These drugs also attenuated pain and increased fertility.
Tyndall, Victoria. "Androgens and the ovary." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5591.
Повний текст джерелаMaciel, Luiz Carlos. "Alterações histopatologicas do ducto deferente de ratos exposto a tela de polipropileno." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312062.
Повний текст джерелаDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Introdução: As operações para correção das hérnias inguinais podem ocasionar lesões nos ductos deferentes levando à infertilidade, sendo que a incidência destas lesões varia de 6,65% a 26,7%. As telas de polipropileno têm sido utilizadas em indivíduos jovens nas últimas décadas. Este material induz processo inflamatório e fibrose adjacente conferindo maior reforço à parede posterior do canal inguinal, entretanto não se conhece claramente a repercussão desta reação sobre a histologia e fisiologia do ducto deferente. Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou o comprometimento ou não do ducto deferente de ratos expostos à tela de polipropileno. Método: Quarenta ratos, wistar, machos com três meses de idade, foram submetidos à dissecação bilateral dos ductos deferentes seguidos do implante da tela de polipropileno em um dos lados, tomando-se o lado contra-lateral como seu controle. Os animais foram sacrificados após 90 (Grupo I) e 120 (Grupo II) dias de pós-operatório, e os ductos deferentes, epidídimos e testículos avaliados histopatologicamente por microscopia óptica. Na análise estatística foram utilizados os testes de ?t? de Student e comparação de proporções. Resultados: Houve reação inflamatória tipo corpo estranho em todos os segmentos do ducto deferente exposto à tela e a montante desta, mas em nenhum no lado controle. Não houve obstrução completa do lúmen dos ductos deferentes expostos à tela de polipropileno em nenhum dos animais. O lúmen do ducto deferente apresentou dilatação a montante da tela em relação ao lado controle tanto no grupo I, que apresentou área média de 0,46441 mm², quanto no grupo II, área média de 0,37052 mm², no segmento controle do grupo I a área média foi de 0,2394 mm² e grupo II de 0,20789 mm², e as diferenças entre estes segmentos foram significativas (grupo I: p=0,002 / grupo II: p=0,044). Nos segmentos à montante da tela dos grupos I e II evidenciou-se a presença de espermatozóides no lúmen em 100% dos cortes histológicos, e nos controles de ambos os grupos a presença de espermatozóides ocorreu em 73,68%, sendo estas diferenças significativas (grupo I: p=0,009 / grupo II: p=0,022). A espessura da parede do ducto deferente foi significativamente menor nos segmentos expostos à tela (média de 0,15952 mm / p=4,348E-5) e a montante destes (média de 0,08348 mm / p=9,719E-10) em relação ao ducto deferente controle (média de 0,29968 mm) no grupo I. No grupo II, a espessura média foi de 0,294 mm e 0,1553 mm respectivamente nos segmentos exposto à tela e a montante desta, e 0,3034 mm no controle, apresentando significância apenas entre o segmento a montante da tela e o controle neste grupo (p=0,001). Houve perda do aspecto festonado da mucosa do ducto deferente em todos os segmentos à montante e nenhum no lado controle em ambos os grupos. Nenhum animal apresentou alterações significativas dos epidídimos e testículos, exceto um que apresentou atrofia testicular por provável torção do cordão espermático durante o ato operatório. Conclusão: A tela de polipropileno induz reação inflamatória, a qual resulta em alterações histológicas do ducto deferente que levam à dilatação e represamento de espermatozóides à montante da tela, assim como diminuição da espessura da parede do ducto deferente nos segmentos expostos à tela e à montante dela
Abstract: Background: Vas deferens lesions, leading to infertility, may occur in 6.65% to 26.7% of inguinal herniorraphy. Tension-free herniorraphy using polypropylene mesh, which induces an inflammatory process and adjacent fibrosis, strengthening the posterior inguinal wall, has become very popular. However its histological and physiological effects are not completely known. Objective: This study intended to evaluate the effects of polypropylene mesh in the rat vas deferens. Method: Forty, three-month-old male Wistar rats underwent bilateral vas deferens dissection, followed by mesh implantation on one side. The contra-lateral side was the control. The animals were sacrificed after 90 (Group I) and 120 (Group II) postoperative days. The vas deferens, epididymis and testicles underwent histopathological assessment. Statistics methods used were the ?t? test and the compare proportion. Results: A foreign body reaction occurred after implantation in all animals. Control presented no reaction. The mean lumen dilation in regions before mesh was 0.46441mm² and 0.37052mm², in Group I and II, respectively, and all sections presented spermatozoids. The mean dilation in control rats of Groups I and II was 0.2394mm² and 0.20789mm², respectively and spermatozoids were present in 73,68%. Those differences, between experimental and control animals were significant (group I: p=0,002 / group II: p=0,044). In Group I the average wall thickness of vas deferens segments exposed to mesh was 0.15952mm and the average wall thickness segments before mesh was 0.08348mm while the average wall thickness of control vas deferens was 0.29968mm (p=9,719E-10). In Group II, the mean wall thickness of vas deferens exposed to mesh and before mesh segments was 0.294mm and 0.1553mm, respectively, while the control was 0.3034mm (p=0,001). Mucosal fold loss occurred in all segments before mesh but none in the control. The epididymis and testicles presented no alterations. Conclusion: Polypropylene mesh induces a foreign body reaction with histological alterations in the vas deferens that cause functional obstruction with dilation and spermatozoid repression
Mestrado
Cirurgia
Mestre em Cirurgia
Nymo, Kaitlin. "Correlation between Fertilization, Cleavage and Pregnancy Rate with Sperm DNA-Fragmentation Index (DFI)." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9204.
Повний текст джерелаThe chromatin integrity in sperm cells is vital for successful pregnancy. In this
study DNA-damage was evaluated in sperm cells from 50 men attending In Vitro Fertilization
(IVF) or Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) treatment. Male semen samples were
purified with a two-shift gradient before the sperm cells were treated with the Halosperm® Test
Kit and evaluated for DNA-damage. The samples were divided in two groups according to DNAFragmentation
Index (DFI) of 30 % and the results correlated with fertilization, cleavage and
pregnancy rate. Men with DFI ≥ 30 % had a higher fertilization and pregnancy rate and a lower
cleavage rate compared to men with DFI ≤ 30 %. The conclusions were that fertilization in vitro
may be independent of the degree of DNA-damage, the embryonic development could be
seriously disrupted by damaged sperm cells, and the pregnancy rate showed no correlation to a
DFI threshold of 30 %.
Gobo, Cristiane Gisselda. "Efeito do tratamento com losartan sobre o desenvolvimento folicular de ratas wistar adultas, com obesidade induzida pela dieta de cafeteria." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2015. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/652.
Повний текст джерелаThe prevalence of obesity has increased in recent decades in many countries, and harmful effects to the body can begin in childhood and persist into adulthood. Obesity is associated with disturbances of reproductive function in women and in female rodents, such as early onset of puberty, change in menstrual / estrous cycle and infertility, with impaired ovulation or anovulation (lack of ovulation). Angiotensin II (Ang II) appears to exert effects on reproduction and obesity, contributing to the development of the deleterious effects of obesity and affecting pre-ovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol and progesterone, thus reducing ovulation in adult rats. The objective of this study was to evaluate losartan effect, an antagonist of Ang II AT1 receptor, administrated in adulthood, in follicular development of adult Wistar rats with obesity induced by cafeteria diet. After weaning at 21 days of life, female Wistar rats were divided into 02 groups: control (CTL) that received standard chow diet; Cafeteria (CAF) received the cafeteria diet. From 70 days of life began losartan administration by gavage. The CTL group received water in gavage (CTL) and CAF group was separated into 02 groups, CAF (which received water in gavage) and CAF + LOS (who received losartan in gavage), in total 03 groups were performed. 05 animals were used per group. Euthanasia was performed on the first proestrous after 30 days of administration of losartan or water. The retroperitoneal, perigonadal and subcutaneous fat were removed and weighed. Morphological analysis of ovaries was performed, proceeding to count the number of primary follicles, secondary, antral and mature follicles per ovary. Was also collected blood sample for determination of FSH, LH, prolactin and progesterone. Body weight and the weight of the 03 fats were measured, and the number of antral follicles were higher in group CAF in relation to the group CTL (p <0.001). However, FSH and LH levels were lower in the CAF animals compared to the animals of the group CTL (p <0.001). The administration of losartan normalized the body weight and accumulation of retroperitoneal and subcutaneous fat as well as the number of antral follicles. Thus, we suggest that the use of the antagonist of Ang II AT1 receptor, losartan, in adulthood, can improve follicular development in females with cafeteria diet-induced obesity and, can be, in the future, an coadjuvant drug in the treatment of infertility associated to obesity.
A prevalência da obesidade aumentou nas últimas décadas em vários países, tendo efeitos prejudiciais ao organismo que podem iniciar na infância e persistir até a vida adulta. A obesidade está associada a distúrbios da função reprodutiva, em mulheres e em fêmeas de roedores, como início precoce da puberdade, alteração do ciclo menstrual/estral e infertilidade, com alterações da ovulação (disovulias) ou anovulação (ausência da ovulação). A Angiotensina II (Ang II) parece exercer efeitos sobre a reprodução e a obesidade, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento dos efeitos deletérios da obesidade e afetando o pico pré-ovulatório do hormônio luteinizante (LH), progesterona e estradiol, reduzindo, consequentemente, a ovulação em ratas adultas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do losartan, um antagonista do receptor AT1 da Ang II, sobre o desenvolvimento folicular de ratas Wistar adultas, com obesidade induzida pela dieta de cafeteria. Após o desmame, aos 21 dias de vida, ratas Wistar foram separadas em 02 grupos: controle (CTL) que recebeu ração padrão e Cafeteria (CAF) que recebeu a dieta de cafeteria. A partir dos 70 dias de vida iniciou-se a administração de losartan por gavagem. O grupo CTL recebeu água na gavagem (CTL) e o grupo CAF foi separado em 02 grupos, CAF (que recebeu água na gavagem) e CAF+LOS (que recebeu losartan na gavagem), totalizando 03 grupos. Foram utilizados 05 animais por grupo. A eutanásia foi realizada no primeiro proestro após 30 dias da administração de losartan ou de água. As gorduras retroperitoneal, perigonadal e subcutânea foram retiradas e pesadas. Foi realizada a análise morfológica dos ovários, procedendo-se a contagem do número dos folículos primários, secundários, antrais e maduros por ovário. Também foi coletado o sangue total para dosagens de FSH, LH, Prolactina e Progesterona. O peso corporal, bem como, o peso das 03 gorduras foram avaliados, e, o número de folículos antrais foi estatisticamente maior no grupo CAF em relação ao CTL (p<0,001). Todavia, as concentrações de FSH e LH foram menores nos animais CAF em relação ao CTL (p<0,001). A administração do losartan normalizou o peso corporal e o acúmulo das gorduras retroperitoneal e subcutânea, bem como, o número de folículos antrais. Dessa forma, sugerimos que o uso do antagonista do receptor AT1 da Ang II, o losartan, na vida adulta, possa contribuir para melhorar o desenvolvimento folicular em fêmeas com obesidade induzida pela dieta de cafeteria e, futuramente, ser uma droga coadjuvante no tratamento da infertilidade associada à obesidade.
Stevan, Milatović. "Uloga histeroskopije u tretmanu infertiliteta postupcima vantelesne oplodnje." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2017. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=104908&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Повний текст джерелаIntroduction: Infertility affects 10-15% of all couples. In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is the most effective method of infertility treatment, but despite a significant improvement, success rate of IVF is still around 30% per cycle. The main reason for the IVF failure is inadequate embryo quality, but in 10-20% of cases the cause of IVF failure lies in impaired uterine receptivity. Based on earlier studies hysteroscopy, gold standard in the diagnosis and treatment of uterine cavity pathology, is often performed to increase IVF success. Despite its wide use, there is lack of high quality evidence regarding real contribution of hysteroscopy on IVF outcome in situations of uterine cavity pathology or routinely prior to first IVF or after recurrent implantation failure. The aim of this dissertation was to determine the influence of performing hysteroscopy on IVF outcome, as well as the incidence of previously unrecognized uterine pathology, and to examine patient's attitudes about performing routine hysteroscopy prior to IVF. Material and methods: The research was conducted in a prospective manner in two successive stages at Clinical Center of Vojvodina from 01.01.2015. until 01.04.2017. During first stage of the study IVF outcome was compared between patients who did not have a hysteroscopy prior to IVF (group A), patients with normal hysteroscopic finding prior to the IVF (Group B) and patients with abnormal hysteroscopic findings prior to IVF which was treated at the same time (Group C). The second stage of the study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT). After verification of normal ultrasound findings prior to the first IVF, patients were randomized to group A2 in who me hysteroscopy was not performed and group B2 who had routine hysteroscopy prior to first IVF. Statistical analysis was carried out using the appropriate statistical software (JMP Ver. 9). Patient characteristics, course and outcome of IVF cycle were compared between groups. The primary outcome was clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) per embryotransfer. In addition to analyzing the IVF outcomes in primarily defined groups, subgroup analysis was also performed, as well as IVF success pre-diction model based on logistic regression. Results: The study included 253 patients (52 patients in Group A, 50 in Group B, 50 in Group C, 51 in Group A2 and 50 in Group B2). There was no statistically significant difference in patient characteristics, ovarian reserve parameters, number of retrieved oocytes, or other relevant parameters of IVF course between the observed groups. In the first stage of the study there was statistically significant (p = 0.013) higher clinical pregnancy rate in patients who had a hysteroscopy before IVF - 50% for Group B and 42% for group C versus 30,77 % in patients without hysteroscopy before IVF (Group A), without statistically significant difference between hysteroscopic groups. In the second stage of the study, routine hysteroscopy prior to first IVF (Group B2) led to clinical pregnancy rate 46% versus 31.37% in patients without hysteroscopy prior to first IVF (Group A2), although without statistical significance (p = 0.089. Relative risk (RR) for achieving clinical pregnancy after performing hysteroscopy was 1.47 (95% CI 0.88-2.43) (p = 0.13). Subgroup analysis of 100 patients with routinely performed hysteroscopy before IVF and 103 patients without hysteroscopy prior to the IVF showed statistically significant higher rates of clinical pregnancies (48% versus 31.07%, in the same order), with RR of 1.54 (95% CI 1.08-2.20), (p = 0.013), and for ongoing pregnancies RR was 1.49 (95% CI 1.01-2.19) (p = 0.039). Overall effect of performing hysteroscopy prior to IVF resulted in a statistically significant increase in the clinical pregnancy with RR 1.48 (95% CI 1.06-2.07) (p = 0.017). After normal ultrasound finding hysteroscopy revealed 34.65% of pathological finding, 22.7% of major and 11.88% of minor pathology of the cavity). There was no statistically significant difference in IVF outcome based on hysteroscopy findings. 98.67% of patients supported the routine use of hysteroscopy before the first IVF procedure, while 83% of patients supported the routine use of the hysteroscopy before every IVF procedure. In the final prediction model, with the AUC of 0.748, only the presence of high quality embryos with odds ratio (OR) 7,91 (95% CI 1,80-56,06; p=0,0047), blastocyst transfer with OR 3,80 (95% CI 1,90-7,98; p=0,0001) and performing hysteroscopy prior to IVF with OR 2,13 (95% CI 1,14-4,08, p=0,0169) proved to be statistically significant predictors of pregnancy. Discussion: The study shoved a positive influence of hysteroscopy on the IVF outcome by increasing clinical pregnancy rate after performing hysteroscopy (whether hysteroscopy revealed normal or pathological finding). Additional benefit of hysteroscopy was detection of previously unrecognized uterine pathology. A moderate effect on the overall improvement in clinical pregnancy rate with use of routine hysteroscopy, which reached statistical significance only by subgroup analysis, is in line with findings of recent well designed studies that somewhat limit the noncritical use of hysteroscopy. A biological explanation of the potential positive effect of hysteroscopy is most likely due to detection and treatment of the previously unrecognized uterine pathology, facilitating embryotransfer procedure, as well as the humoral and molecular changes that occur in the endometrium as a consequence of the hysteroscopic trauma. Those changes were hypothesized as factors that can increase uterine receptivity by numerous research. Conclusion: Hysteroscopy is an effective, safe and highly acceptable procedure that increases IVF success when performed for accepted clinical indications (previous IVF failures, pathological findings of uterine cavity), whether hysteroscopy reveals normal or pathological finding. The routine use of hysteroscopy prior to first IVF based on this study can not be considered justified since increase in clinical pregnancy rate did not reach statistical significance. Given the high acceptance of this concept by the patients and moderate but probable positive effect on IVF outcome, implementation of routine hysteroscopy prior to first VTO would be justified only in office hysteroscopy setting.
Mouradi, Rand. "Wireless Signals and Male Fertility." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1318571631.
Повний текст джерелаZanzi, Ferrando Diana. "Surrogatmodern och den mänskliga värdigheten : En diskursanalys av den statliga utredningen om surrogatmoderskap, ur ett kritiskt postkolonialt feministiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-390148.
Повний текст джерелаWen-Hua, Chen, and 陳文華. "A Computer-aided Information System for Detecting Indicators to Access infertility patients pregnancy rate of IVF Treatment." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65800905812287140351.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Wen-Jung, and 陳文榮. "Relevance of antioxidant status in the body or in seminal plasma to fertilization rates or embryo development in couples with unexplained infertility." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rem24e.
Повний текст джерела中山醫學大學
醫學研究所
104
Objective:The objective of this study is to elucidate the effect of systemic and local antioxidant status upon sperm function of unexplained infertility (UI) couples in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles with density gradient centrifugation (DGC) preparation method. The relevance of the antioxidant status in the body and semen to the fertilization and embryo development in IVF cycles was explored. Methods and Materials:A total of 60 semen samples from UI couples undergoing IVF treatment were collected for the observational study. The skin carotenoid status and seminal total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured as biomarkers of systemic and local antioxidant status, respectively. The density gradient centrifugation method was used for sperm preparation in IVF cycles. Results:The results indicated that the DGC method for sperm preparation in IVF cycles increased the levels of reactive oxygen species but was not associated with increasing oxidative injury of spermatozoa. Both skin carotenoid status and seminal TAC were associated with fertilization rates and good embryo rates in IVF cycles. Conclusion and Suggestion:The systemic carotenoid status and seminal plasma TAC of male partners of UI couples are closely related to fertilization and embryo development in IVF cycles. This result implies that antioxidant supplement to the body and seminal plasma might benefit the sperm function in this patient group. Our data might provide more evidence about the role of oxidative stress in male partners of UI couples and a possible new strategy for the management of UI couples.
Courchesne, Annick. "Comparaison de deux nouvelles méthodes d’évaluation de la fertilité masculine avec le spermogramme chez des patients ayant recours à la fécondation in vitro." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6131.
Повний текст джерелаMale factors are known to be involved in almost half of the couples consulting for infertility. To date, the tests for evaluating male fertility are poor predictors of pregnancy. We developed two new tests to evaluate sperm function: a sperm survival test and a new method to measure sperm DNA integrity. This prospective study was conducted on 42 infertile couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Assessment of sperm parameters was done according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, and sperm survival upon exposure to a cationic detergent was measured by observing motility under the microscope. Sperm DNA integrity was verified by our new radioenzymatic method as well as by the sperm chromatin structure analysis (SCSA) method. All testing was performed on a remainder aliquot of the semen samples. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal (CHUM), and informed consent was obtained before inclusion. Neither conventional semen analysis, nor sperm DNA fragmentation showed statistically significant difference between conception and non-conception cycles. However, the biochemical pregnancy rate was statistically higher in couples where the sperm survival time was long (>250 s) compared to short (≤250 s): 66% vs. 27% respectively, (p < 0.05). The clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate were also higher but the differences did not reach statistical significance. Our study confirms that conventional semen analysis and the assay for sperm DNA integrity are not reliable indicators of IVF outcome. In contrast, our new sperm survival test seems to be a better predictor of the pregnancy rate after IVF. Improvement of its specificity and a larger cohort of patients are necessary before proposing its regular application in IVF clinics.
SMRČKOVÁ, Leona. "Etické aspekty odpovědného rodičovství." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-170658.
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