Книги: "Ratio estimators"

1

Cecchetti, Stephen G. Structural estimates of the U.S. sacrifice ratio. [New York, N.Y.]: Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 1999.

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2

Willem W. S. Van Hees. A comparison of two estimates of standard error for a ratio-of-means estimator for a mapped-plot sample design in Southeast Alaska. Portland, OR: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2002.

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3

Manno, Michael S. An evaluation of the odds ratio as an estimator of vaccine efficacy. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999.

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4

Seale, David Andrew. A statistical model of microarray images and an estimator of gene expression ratio. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2002.

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5

Godfrey, Matthew Howland. Sex ratios of sea turtle hatchlings: Direct and indirect estimates. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997.

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6

J, Musgrave, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. A neural network-based estimator for the mixture ratio of the space shuttle main engine. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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7

J, Musgrave, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. A neural network-based estimator for the mixture ratio of the space shuttle main engine. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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8

L, Musgrave Jeffrey, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. A neural network-based estimator for the mixture ratio of the space shuttle main engine. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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9

Oliveira-Martins, Joaquim. Mark-up ratios in manufacturing industries: Estimates for 14 OECD countries. Paris: OECD, 1996.

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10

A, Schowengerdt Robert, and Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science (U.S.), eds. The effect of lossy image compression on image classification. [Moffett Field, Calif.]: Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science, NASA Ames Research Center, 1995.

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11

Duell, Lowell F. W. Estimates of evapotranspiration in alkaline scrub and meadow communities of Owens Valley, California, using the Bowen-ratio, Eddy-correlation, and Penman-combination methods. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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12

Duell, Lowell F. W. Estimates of evapotranspiration in alkaline scrub and meadow communities of Owens Valley, California, using the Bowen-ratio, eddy-correlation, and Penman-combination methods. Denver, CO: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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13

Duell, Lowell F. W. Estimates of evapotranspiration in alkaline scrub and meadow communities of Owens Valley, California, using the Bowen-ratio, eddy-correlation, and Penman-combination methods. Denver, CO: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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14

), Inyo County (Calif, Los Angeles (Calif.) Dept. of Water and Power, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Estimates of evapotranspiration in alkaline scrub and meadow communities of Owens Valley, California, using the Bowen-ratio, eddy-correlation, and Penman-combination methods. Denver, CO: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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15

Hinedi, Sami M. High-dynamic GPS tracking: Final report. Pasadena, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 1988.

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16

Office, General Accounting. Telecommunications: GSA's estimates of FTS2001 revenues are reasonable : report to the Chairman, Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C. : (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): The Office, 2000.

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17

Office, General Accounting. Telecommunications: GSA's estimates of FTS2001 revenues are reasonable : report to the Chairman, Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C. : (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): The Office, 2000.

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18

Office, General Accounting. Defense acquisitions: Recent F-22 production cost estimates exceeded congressional limitation : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on National Security, Veterans Affairs, and International Relations, Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 2000.

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19

Cheng, Russell. Standard Asymptotic Theory. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198505044.003.0003.

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This book relies on maximum likelihood (ML) estimation of parameters. Asymptotic theory assumes regularity conditions hold when the ML estimator is consistent. Typically an additional third derivative condition is assumed to ensure that the ML estimator is also asymptotically normally distributed. Standard asymptotic results that then hold are summarized in this chapter; for example, the asymptotic variance of the ML estimator is then given by the Fisher information formula, and the log-likelihood ratio, the Wald and the score statistics for testing the statistical significance of parameter estimates are all asymptotically equivalent. Also, the useful profile log-likelihood then behaves exactly as a standard log-likelihood only in a parameter space of just one dimension. Further, the model can be reparametrized to make it locally orthogonal in the neighbourhood of the true parameter value. The large exponential family of models is briefly reviewed where a unified set of regular conditions can be obtained.

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20

Gereziher, Hayelom Yrgaw, and Naser Yenus Nuru. Structural estimates of the South African sacrifice ratio. 12th ed. UNU-WIDER, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2021/946-4.

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This paper estimates the output cost of fighting inflation—the sacrifice ratio—for the South African economy using quarterly data spanning the period 1998Q1–2019Q3. To compute the sacrifice ratio, the structural vector autoregressive model developed by Cecchetti and Rich (2001) based on Cecchetti (1994) is employed. Our findings show us a small sacrifice ratio, which lies within the range 0.00002–0.231 per cent with an average of 0.031 per cent, indicating a low level of output to be sacrificed while fighting inflation. Hence, the reserve bank is recommended to sustain an inflation rate within the target range and reap the benefits of a predictable and stable price path, as restrictive monetary policy has only a transitory effect on real variables like output.

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21

Heath, Julie. Numbers to dollars: Using audience estimates to sell radio. National Association of Broadcasters, 1991.

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22

Peacock, Janet L., Sally M. Kerry, and Raymond R. Balise. Survival analysis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198779100.003.0011.

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Chapter 11 covers survival analysis, and includes Kaplan–Meier estimates, and the logrank test. Cox regression is used to do multifactorial analyses with results reported as adjusted hazard ratios. The chapter includes analyses using Stata, SAS, SPSS, and R.

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23

A neural network-based estimator for the mixture ratio of the space shuttle main engine. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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24

Newson, P. Adaptive Algorithms for Equalizers and Channel Estimators for Use Within Digital Mobile Radio Systems. Wiley & Sons Canada, Limited, John, 2005.

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25

Simon, Gleeson. Part I The Elements of Bank Financial Supervision, 5 Bank Capital Requirements. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198793410.003.0005.

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This chapter begins by discussing the three overlapping capital requirements that banks are subject to. The first is the orthodox Basel capital requirement. The second is the Leverage Ratio, which is simply a non-risk-weighted capital requirement. The third is the stress test requirement. This has historically been the largest of the three. Stress testing identifies a particular probable state of the world, estimates the total loss which would occur if that state of the world were to eventuate, and requires capital sufficient to ensure that the bank retains sufficient capital after suffering the projected losses. The remainder of the chapter covers Pillar 2 assessment, capital floor, and capital buffers.

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26

Lutsenko, V. I., I. V. Lutsenko, D. O. Popov, and I. V. Popov. Remote sensing of the environment using the radiation of existing ground and space radio systems. PH “Akademperiodyka”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/akademperiodyka.429.345.

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Possibilities of using existing ground (TV centers, broadcasting stations) and space (global navigation satellite systems) radio systems for solving the problem of remote sensing and monitoring of the environment and objects in it are considered. The methods of diagnostics of the troposphere, description of the refractive index with the use of semi-Markov processes and atomic functions of Kravchenko-Rvacheva are proposed. The seasonal and altitudinal dependencies of radio-meteorological parameters and radio-climatic features of Ukraine were studied. Technologies for determining the effective gradient of the refractive index by damping factor of the VHF signals of television centers on the OTH routes in the zone of the near geometric shadow, on the angles of radioa "rise" and "sets" of the AES, detection of precipitation zones by the fluctuations of the pseudoranges and changes of the coordinates estimates, parameters of the surface of the earth by the fluctuations of the GNSS signals. Reviewers: Head of the Department of Radio waves propagation in the natural environments of the O. Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics NASU, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor Kivva F.V., Professor of the Department of Designing Radioelectronic Devices of Aircraft of the National Aerospace University. M.E. Zhukovsky (KhAI), Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Volosyuk V.K.

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27

Anderson, Siwan, and Debraj Ray. Excess Female Mortality in Africa. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829591.003.0017.

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Building on and extending the detailed work of demographers on sex ratios, Amartya Sen coined the phrase ‘missing women’. Relative to developed countries, there are far fewer women than men in parts of the developing world. Estimates suggest that more than 200 million women are demographically ‘missing’ worldwide. To explain the global phenomenon, research has mainly focused on excess female mortality in Asia. However, as emphasized in the authors’ earlier research (Anderson and Ray 2010), at least 30 per cent of the missing women are ‘missing’ from Africa. This chapter employs a novel methodology to determine how the phenomenon of missing women is distributed across Africa. Moreover, it provides estimates of the extent of excess female mortality within different age groups and by disease category. The empirical results reiterate the importance of excess female mortality for women in Africa.

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28

The effect of lossy image compression on image classification. [Moffett Field, Calif.]: Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science, NASA Ames Research Center, 1995.

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29

Peacock, Janet L., Sally M. Kerry, and Raymond R. Balise. Comparing two groups. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198779100.003.0007.

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Chapter 7 discusses comparing two groups, and covers graphical presentation of continuous unpaired data, the two-sample t test, and the Mann-Whitney U test. It describes the use of data transformations and how results are interpreted. It shows how to compare two proportions using the chi-squared test and how to report results as differences in proportions, relative risks, and odds ratios. It includes how to calculate 95% confidence intervals for estimates. Finally, the chapter discusses the reasons for and consequences of dichotomization of continuous data and a method for dichotomization without losing statistical power. The chapter includes analyses using Stata, SAS, SPSS, and R.

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30

Comparisons of domain score and reliability estimates using trials-to-criterion, sequential probability ratio, and pre-set trial length tests. 1992.

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31

Comparisons of domain score and reliability estimates using trials-to-criterion, sequential probability ratio, and pre-set trial length tests. 1991.

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32

Comparisons of domain score and reliability estimates using trials-to-criterion, sequential probability ratio, and pre-set trial length tests. 1991.

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33

Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Using Molecular Data to Detect Selection: Signatures from Multiple Historical Events. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0010.

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This chapter examines the search for a pattern of repetitive adaptive substitutions over evolutionary time. In contrast with the previous chapter, only a modest number of tests toward this aim have been proposed. The HKA and McDonald-Kreitman tests contrast the polymorphism to divergence ratio between different genomic classes (such as different genes or silent versus replacement sites within the same gene). These approaches can detect an excess of substitutions, which allows one to estimate the fraction of adaptive sites. This chapter reviews the empirical data on estimates of this fraction and discusses some of the sources of bias it its estimation. Over an even longer time scale, one can contrast the rate of change of sites in a sequence over a phylogeny. These tests require a rather special type of selection, wherein the same specific site (usually a codon) experiences multiple adaptive substitutions over a phylogeny, such as might occur in arms-race genes.

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34

Sawyer, Susan M., and George C. Patton. Health and Well-Being in Adolescence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190847128.003.0002.

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This chapter describes how the profile of physical and mental health and well-being changes across adolescence. The biological context of healthy adolescent growth and development is reviewed, including secular patterns of puberty and brain maturation. The structural and social determinants of adolescent health are then described. Adolescent health outcomes, including patterns of risk behaviors, emerge from the interaction between biological influences and social health determinants. Estimates of mortality and disability-adjusted life years are used to describe three patterns of adolescent health and well-being that vary by age, sex, and national wealth. Globally, the burden of disease increases across adolescence, varying markedly between and within countries. Comprehensive, multisectoral, evidence-informed actions are required that match these conspicuous adolescent health problems, emerging health risks, and major social determinants. Such actions, including quality education and health services, differ greatly from those that benefit younger children yet have similarly high benefit–cost ratios.

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35

High-dynamic GPS tracking: Final report. Pasadena, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 1988.

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Книги з теми "Ratio estimators"

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