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Статті в журналах з теми "Radiological mapping"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 травня 2024

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1

Bhattarai, Manoj. "Radiological Mapping Of Nepalese Calvaria." Journal of Nobel Medical College 2, no. 1 (March 3, 2013): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jonmc.v2i1.7670.

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Introduction Skull has cranial vault and base. The cranial vault is called as calvarium which roofs the cranial cavity (brain box).Cranial vault consists of frontal, parietal and occipital bones. Total thickness of calvarial bones includes outer table, diploe and inner table. Diploe is made up of spongy bone whereas outer and inner table made up of compact bone. Objective To measure the thickness of Nepalese calvarial bones i.e. Frontal, Parietal and Occipital. Methods It is a hospital base cross-sectional study. CT records of one hundred and fifty adult people were studied. Nine various points on frontal bone, seven on parietal and six on occipital were located and their thickness were measured bilaterally with help of CT scan. Results The present study showed that Mean thickness+_SD of frontal bone were 6.1+_1.8mm; parietal 4.6+_2.2 and occipital 9.5+_3.4. The study also showed that frontal bone had 2.4+_0.8 mm thick outer table; 1.4+_0.6mm inner table and 3.5+_1.3mm diploe. Similarly parietal bone had 1.9+_0.6 mm thick outer table; 1.1+_0.4mm inner table and 0.8+_0.5mm diploe. The occipital bone had 3.5+_1.5 mm thick outer table; 2.2+_0.8mm inner table and 4.3+_1.8mm diploe. Similarly this present study also calculated the mean thickness+_SD of outer table in the calvarium as 2.7+_1.3mm and that of inner table 1.5+_0.9 mm. Thus it concluded that outer table was thicker than inner table. Journal of Nobel Medical College Vol. 2, No.1 Issue 3 Nov.-April 2013 Page 31-35 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jonmc.v2i1.7670

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2

Ashton, Fiona, Jayasree Ramas Ramaskandhan, Adam Farrier, and Malik Siddique. "Topographic Pain Mapping versus Radiological Inter-observer Variation in Ankle Arthritis." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 2473011417S0001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011417s000100.

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Category: Ankle, Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: Topographic pain mapping has gained popularity during 20th century, providing opportunities for patients to demonstrate spatial distribution of pain. Despite this, evidence of clinical application in orthopaedics remains largely limited to spinal pathologies. We investigate how clinician interpretation of routine radiological studies compares to patient pain mapping in ankle arthritis. Methods: Between 2014 and 2016 we identified 21 patients ultimately diagnosed with ankle arthritis, who underwent comprehensive gait analysis (including topographic pain mapping) on referral to our institution. Patients were requested to map up to three pain areas, assigning a visual analogue score (VAS) of 0-10, to signify severity of pain in each area. A consultant orthopaedic foot and ankle surgeon, and orthopaedic trainees undertook blinded evaluation of relevant radiological studies, estimating patients’ mapping and VAS scores on the basis of radiological pathology. For the purpose of analysis findings were applied to five distinct regions around the ankle: three anterior (antero-medial; central; and antero-lateral), lateral and medial. Results were correlated between the different assessors, as well as to the patients’ pain mapping, using Spearman’s Rho & Kendall Tau correlation statistics, significance taken as p=<0.05. Results: There is a strong radiological inter-observer correlation for anterior ankle pain in ankle arthritis [Antero-lateral 0.751(p=0.012); Central 0.912(p=<0.001)]. These findings also correlate well with patient pain mapping [Central consultant-patient 0.920(p=<0.001); trainee-patient 0.982(p=<0.001)]. Assessment of medial (tibialis posterior) and lateral (subtalar/peroneal) pathology demonstrates poorer inter-observer correlations (p>0.05). Correlation to patient pain mapping was even poorer, with radiological assessment consistently over- estimating symptom severity (p=>0.05). Conclusion: There is a statistically strong correlation between topographic pain mapping and radiological evaluation of ankle arthritis. We strongly recommend that additional pathology around the ankle is excluded by use of pre-operative MRI imaging prior to surgery for ankle arthritis. Pain from ankle arthritis appears to mask additional soft tissue pathology surrounding the ankle noted on MRI scan.

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3

Garba, Nuraddeen Nasiru, Ahmad Termizi Ramli, Muneer Aziz Saleh, Syazwan Mohd Sanusi, and Hamman Tukur Gabdo. "Radiological mapping of Kelantan, Malaysia, using terrestrial radiation dose rate." Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies 52, no. 3 (November 5, 2015): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2016.1095189.

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4

Azevedo, A. M. de, J. L. Gonçalves, A. P. Salazar, D. D'O Cardoso, P. V. Gonzales, V. A. V. Ferreira, and W. V. Nunes. "Radiometric survey with Remotely Piloted Land Vehicle in Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense operations." Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences 11, no. 1A (April 27, 2023): 01–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2184.

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This article addresses the development of a remotely piloted vehicle for the chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear army defense system, able itself to perform radiometric surveys remotely favoring the process of local mapping and investigation of possible dispersions of radioactive materials in radiological and nuclear accidents and incidents. Tests were carried out to verify the efficiency of the developed prototype and it can be verified that the vehicle has a great applicability and optimizes the radiological protection process.

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5

Karadeniz, Özlem, and Cüneyt Akal. "Radiological mapping in the granodiorite area of Bergama (Pergamon)-Kozak, Turkey." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 302, no. 1 (June 8, 2014): 361–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3216-9.

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6

Zeb, Jahan, Mohammad Wasim, Abdul Rashid, and Waheed Arshed. "Radiological mapping of the area around two research reactors in Islamabad." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 306, no. 2 (May 26, 2015): 451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-015-4200-8.

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7

Hautot, Felix, Philippe Dubart, Charles-Olivier Bacri, Benjamin Chagneau, and Roger Abou-Khalil. "Visual Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (VSLAM) methods applied to indoor 3D topographical and radiological mapping in real-time." EPJ Web of Conferences 153 (2017): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201715301005.

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8

Hautot, Felix, Philippe Dubart, Charles-Olivier Bacri, Benjamin Chagneau, and Roger Abou-Khalil. "Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (VSLAM) methods applied to indoor 3D topographical and radiological mapping in real-time." EPJ Nuclear Sciences & Technologies 3 (2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2017010.

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9

Chen, Lu, Wen Chen, Huan-Huan Chen, Qian Wu, Xiao-Quan Xu, Hao Hu, and Fei-Yun Wu. "Radiological Staging of Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy: Comparison of T1 Mapping with Conventional MRI." International Journal of Endocrinology 2020 (October 22, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2575710.

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Background. Accurate staging of patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is crucial for clinical decision. Full cognition of pathologic changes and staging TAO using conventional T2-weighted imaging is still limited. Purpose. To investigate the feasibility of using T1 mapping to evaluate changes of extraocular muscles (EOMs) in TAO patients, as well as to compare T1 mapping and conventional T2-weighted imaging in staging TAO. Materials and Methods. Forty TAO patients were retrospectively enrolled. “Hot spot” and “cold spot” T1 relaxation times (T1RTHS and T1RTCS) of EOMs, as well as conventionally applied highest signal intensity ratio (SIR) of EOMs, were measured and compared between active and inactive groups. Results. T1RTCS and SIR were significantly higher in active TAOs than in the inactive ones ( P < 0. 001 ), while T1RTHS was not ( P = 0. 093 ). Meanwhile, T1RTCS and SIR were positively correlated with clinical activity score (r = 0.489, 0.540; P < 0. 001 ). TIRTCS and SIR showed no significant area under curve for staging TAO (0.830 vs. 0.852; P = 0. 748 ). T1RTCS ≥ 1000 alone showed optimal staging specificity (90.0%), while integration of T1RTCS ≥ 1000 and SIR ≥ 2.9 demonstrated optimal staging efficiency and sensitivity (area under curve, 0.900; sensitivity, 86.0%). Conclusions. Our findings suggest that the T1-mapping technique holds the potency to be utilized in TAO. The derived T1RTCS of EOMs, which may be associated with fat infiltration, could be a useful biomarker to stage the disease, serving added efficiency, sensitivity, and specificity to single usage of conventional SIR.

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10

Berger, Mitchel S., Joseph Kincaid, George A. Ojemann, and Ettore Lettich. "Brain Mapping Techniques to Maximize Resection, Safety, and Seizure Control in Children with Brain Tumors." Neurosurgery 25, no. 5 (November 1, 1989): 786–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-198911000-00015.

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Abstract Intraoperative brain mapping techniques were used to localize language cortex, sensorimotor pathways, and seizure foci in children with supratentorial brain tumors. The methods of direct cortical and subcortical stimulation, in addition to electrocorticography, enabled us to maximize tumor resection, minimize morbidity, and eradicate epileptogenic zones which were always adjacent to, but not involving, the tumor nidus. Language localization was found to be quite variable in the children tested and anatomically unpredictable based on the preoperative neurological or radiological examination. Physiological mapping techniques, therefore, appear to be safe, reliable, and very useful for operations on tumors located within or adjacent to eloquent brain regions in the pediatric population.

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11

Hassainia, Farid, Dominique Petit, and Jacques Montplaisir. "Significance probability mapping: The final touch int-statistic mapping." Brain Topography 7, no. 1 (September 1994): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01184832.

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12

Yukawa, M., H. Imaseki, and O. Yukawa. "MICRO-BEAM SCANNING PIXE IN NIRS AND THE APPLICATION TESTS TO BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES." International Journal of PIXE 10, no. 01n02 (January 2000): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129083500000109.

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Micro-beam scanning system for PIXE analysis newly installed in National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) was introduced in this paper. Fine ring structure of a fish scale was observed using elemental mapping with proton micro-beam scanning. Pollen was analyzed as one example of single cell to demonstrate the elemental distribution. The minimum size of the proton beam is estimated as 0.4×0.65 μ m .

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13

E. O., Agbalagba, Nenuwe O.N, and Egarievwe S.U. "GIS MAPPING OF BIR LEVELS AROUND FOSSIL FUEL AND GAS DISPENSING STATIONS AND ASSESSMENT OF THEIR RADIOLOGICAL RISK IMPLICATIONS." Geological Behavior 4, no. 2 (April 10, 2020): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/gbr.02.2020.54.62.

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The assessment of terrestrial background ionizing radiation levels within fossil fuel and gas dispensing environments to evaluate the radiological risk around Warri metropolis has been conducted using a digilert 200 Nuclear Radiation monitor meter and a GPS. The GIS monitoring of the BIR levels was carried out between September and December 2018 by delineating the city into eight zones using GIS mapping. The measured average exposure rates ranged from 0.006mRh-1(0.50 𝑚𝑆𝑣𝑦-1) to 0.026mRh-1(2.19𝑚𝑆𝑣𝑦-1) with an overall mean value of 0.015±0.004mRh-1 (1.26±0.32 𝑚𝑆𝑣𝑦-1). The estimated mean outdoor absorbed dose rate for the regions ranged from 116.60±40.38nGyh-1 in Jeddo region to 148.9±49.63nGyh-1 in PTI region and a mean of 129.82±32.98𝜂Gyh-1.The AEDE evaluated is 0.16±0.04 𝑚𝑆𝑣𝑦-1 while the ELCR value is 0.56±0.014µ𝑆𝑣𝑦-1. The estimated dose to organs testes receiving the highest organ dose of 0.10 𝑚𝑆𝑣𝑦-1 while the liver receives the lowest dose to organ of 0.06 𝑚𝑆𝑣𝑦-1. The GIS mapping of the examined facilities revealed that radiation levels in 38 of the 61 sampling locations (62.3%) exceeded the global ambient permissible level of 13.0 𝜇Rh-1 (1.0 𝑚𝑆𝑣𝑦-1) reported by UNSCEAR, therefore the measured values are adjudged high and the environment radiologically impaired. But, these may not cause any short- team health risk to the fuel/gas attendants and attendees in these stations. The obtained estimated excess lifetime cancer risk indicates low chances of contracting cancer and the radiation doses to the adult organs investigated is insignificant.

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14

Khomutinin, Yu, S. Levchuk, V. Protsak, V. Pavliuchenko, and V. Kashparov. "Prompt Mapping of Radioactively Contaminated Areas." Nuclear and Radiation Safety, no. 3(83) (September 30, 2019): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32918/nrs.2019.3(83).06.

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The paper presents a methodology for prompt mapping of radioactively contaminated areas. The efficiency of obtaining cartographic information is achieved by using correlation dependences between the characteristics of radioactive contamination obtained during various radiological surveys of contaminated areas. The method of spatial interpolation based on regression-kriging is used to formalize the data on radioactive contamination. This method allows combining the information resulting from direct measurements of density of territory contamination by radionuclides we are interested in with the information contained in other characteristics of radioactive contamination received at the surveyed area (for example, ER). Such an approach allows more accurate mapping of 137Cs deposition density and concentration of its activity in the root layer of soil, as well as significant reduction of the time and cost to survey the mapped area (sampling, sample preparation and measurement of samples). This, in turn, accelerates and reduces the cost for mapping of radioactively contaminated territories (fields, lands, sites). The methodology has been tested on the fields contaminated by radionuclides resulting from the Chornobyl accident in the Narodychi, Polissia and Ivanivka Districts and has proved its performance and efficiency. Comparison and analysis of the obtained maps of radioactive contamination of the territory show that in the conditions of limited amount of data on direct measurements and time limit, the use of correlation dependences between the characteristics of radioactive contamination of soil is often the only possible way to increase the information content and accuracy of the obtained cartographic information.

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15

Majeed, Hind A., Ahlam M. Kadhim, and Hazim G. Daway. "Optical Microscopy Images Enhancement Using YCbCr Color Space Based on Nonlinear Mapping." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 34, no. 4 (December 30, 2023): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v34i4.1432.

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Improving medical images captured by the optical microscope plays an essential role in many medical, radiological, and other applications in the medical field. In this study, the microscope image was improved based on the color conversion (Ycbcr) and the transformation nonlinear mapping, where the lighting component (Y) was processed based on the nonlinear transformation and fuzzy technique, and the color component was improved using (CLAHE) algorithm. The proposed algorithm was compared with several modern algorithms based on non-referenced quality measures. Analyzing the proposed results has obtained the best quality measures with high values of EN (7.0701), AG (14.6901), and MSD (55.8363).

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16

White, Samuel R., Kieran T. Wood, Peter G. Martin, Dean T. Connor, Thomas B. Scott, and David A. Megson-Smith. "Radioactive Source Localisation via Projective Linear Reconstruction." Sensors 21, no. 3 (January 26, 2021): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030807.

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Radiation mapping, through the detection of ionising gamma-ray emissions, is an important technique used across the nuclear industry to characterise environments over a range of length scales. In complex scenarios, the precise localisation and activity of radiological sources becomes difficult to determine due to the inability to directly image gamma photon emissions. This is a result of the potentially unknown number of sources combined with uncertainties associated with the source-detector separation—causing an apparent ‘blurring’ of the as-detected radiation field relative to the true distribution. Accurate delimitation of distinct sources is important for decommissioning, waste processing, and homeland security. Therefore, methods for estimating the precise, ‘true’ solution from radiation mapping measurements are required. Herein is presented a computational method of enhanced radiological source localisation from scanning survey measurements conducted with a robotic arm. The procedure uses an experimentally derived Detector Response Function (DRF) to perform a randomised-Kaczmarz deconvolution from robotically acquired radiation field measurements. The performance of the process is assessed on radiation maps obtained from a series of emulated waste processing scenarios. The results demonstrate a Projective Linear Reconstruction (PLR) algorithm can successfully locate a series of point sources to within 2 cm of the true locations, corresponding to resolution enhancements of between 5× and 10×.

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17

Davatzikos, Christos. "Mapping image data to stereotaxic spaces: Applications to brain mapping." Human Brain Mapping 6, no. 5-6 (1998): 334–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0193(1998)6:5/6<334::aid-hbm2>3.0.co;2-7.

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18

Jeong, H., W. Hwang, E. Kim, and M. Han. "Development of a radioactivity mapping tool to support the decision making for radiological emergency events." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 146, no. 1-3 (April 13, 2011): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncr106.

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19

Turmezei, T. D., D. J. Lomas, M. A. Hopper, and K. E. Poole. "3D feature severity mapping of the hip with computed tomography reveals patterns of radiological osteoarthritis." Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 21 (April 2013): S189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2013.02.399.

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20

Carvalho, Henrique, Alberto Vale, Rúben Marques, Rodrigo Ventura, Yoeri Brouwer, and Bruno Gonçalves. "Remote inspection with multi-copters, radiological sensors and SLAM techniques." EPJ Web of Conferences 170 (2018): 07014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817007014.

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Activated material can be found in different scenarios, such as in nuclear reactor facilities or medical facilities (e.g. in positron emission tomography commonly known as PET scanning). In addition, there are unexpected scenarios resulting from possible accidents, or where dangerous material is hidden for terrorism attacks using nuclear weapons. Thus, a technological solution is important to cope with fast and reliable remote inspection. The multi-copter is a common type of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) that provides the ability to perform a first radiological inspection in the described scenarios. The paper proposes a solution with a multi-copter equipped with on-board sensors to perform a 3D reconstruction and a radiological mapping of the scenario. A depth camera and a Geiger-Müler counter are the used sensors. The inspection is performed in two steps: i) a 3D reconstruction of the environment and ii) radiation activity inference to localise and quantify sources of radiation. Experimental results were achieved with real 3D data and simulated radiation activity. Experimental tests with real sources of radiation are planned in the next iteration of the work.

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21

Blaschke, T., R. Sivaramakrishnan, M. Gross, and K. D. Kramer. "Organ mapping using parelectric spectroscopy." Physics in Medicine and Biology 51, no. 6 (March 1, 2006): 1623–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/51/6/018.

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22

von Heijne, A. "Recurrent varicocele." Acta Radiologica 38, no. 6 (November 1997): 1020–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841859709172122.

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This is a report on an initial experience with Gd-enhanced 3D phase-contrast MR angiography in 4 patients with recurrent varicocele. the examinations were performed with the patients prone, and a coronal imaging volume was used. the scrotal part of the varicocele was demonstrated in 3 cases and the spermatic vein in 2 cases. This technique could be an alternative to spermatic venography in the radiological mapping of dilated spermatic veins

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23

Pechenkova, E. V., Ya R. Panikratova, E. A. Mershina, and R. M. Vlasova. "Presurgical brain mapping of language processing with fMRI: state of the art and tendencies." Medical Visualization 26, no. 1 (March 5, 2022): 48–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24835/10.24835/1607-0763-1094.

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Presurgical brain mapping of language-eloquent cortex aims to minimize its injury during neurosurgery in patients with brain tumors and drug-resistant epilepsy, and thereby, to preserve their quality of life. Two main goals of language mapping are to identify the localization and lateralization of brain regions involved in language. Gold standards for them are the intraoperative mapping and Wada test, respectively; however, due to some limitations of these techniques, non-invasive preliminary language mapping becomes reasonable. During the last years, fMRI has been widely applied for such purposes. Our literature review focuses on innovations and actual tendencies which spread in the field of language mapping via fMRI in the last decade. State-of-the-art knowledge on brain organization of language, which underpins brain mapping of language processing via fMRI, is briefly described in the article. Contemporary studies of fMRI validity in localization and lateralization of language brain regions are considered. Strategies of presurgical language mapping, such as application of tractography in addition to fMRI, combined analysis of fMRI tasks as well as resting-state fMRI are also discussed. Well-established fMRI tasks for brain mapping of language production and comprehension, as well as new experimental developments in this field, are listed and described.

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24

Gu, X., Y. Wang, T. F. Chan, P. M. Thompson, and S. T. Yau. "Genus Zero Surface Conformal Mapping and Its Application to Brain Surface Mapping." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 23, no. 8 (August 2004): 949–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2004.831226.

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25

Knollmann, Friedrich D., Jürgen Mäurer, Helmut Kücherer, Johannes C. Böck, J. William O'connell, Elias Botvinick, Hermann W. Eichstädt, and Roland Felix. "Cardiac activation mapping by MRI." MAGMA Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology, and Medicine 4, no. 1 (March 1996): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01759776.

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26

Franco, Pamela, Irene Huebschle, Carl Philipp Simon-Gabriel, Karam Dacca, Oliver Schnell, Juergen Beck, Hansjoerg Mast, et al. "Mapping of Metabolic Heterogeneity of Glioma Using MR-Spectroscopy." Cancers 13, no. 10 (May 17, 2021): 2417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13102417.

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Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) delivers information about the non-invasive metabolic landscape of brain pathologies. 1H-MRS is used in clinical setting in addition to MRI for diagnostic, prognostic and treatment response assessments, but the use of this radiological tool is not entirely widespread. The importance of developing automated analysis tools for 1H-MRS lies in the possibility of a straightforward application and simplified interpretation of metabolic and genetic data that allow for incorporation into the daily practice of a broad audience. Here, we report a prospective clinical imaging trial (DRKS00019855) which aimed to develop a novel MR-spectroscopy-based algorithm for in-depth characterization of brain lesions and prediction of molecular traits. Dimensional reduction of metabolic profiles demonstrated distinct patterns throughout pathologies. We combined a deep autoencoder and multi-layer linear discriminant models for voxel-wise prediction of the molecular profile based on MRS imaging. Molecular subtypes were predicted by an overall accuracy of 91.2% using a classifier score. Our study indicates a first step into combining the metabolic and molecular traits of lesions for advancing the pre-operative diagnostic workup of brain tumors and improve personalized tumor treatment.

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Dai, Xuesong, Jinghua Fang, Siheng Wang, Jianyang Luo, Yan Xiong, Miaofeng Zhang, Sunan Zhu, and Xinning Yu. "Short- to Midterm Clinical and Radiological Outcomes After Matrix-Associated Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation for Chondral Defects in Knees." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 232596712098213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120982139.

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Background: Matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) has been proven to provide favorable short-term results for chondral defects in knees. However, it remains unclear whether the clinical benefits of MACI persist in the longer term. Purpose: The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes, at short- and midterm follow-up, for patients undergoing MACI for focal chondral defects of the knee. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 30 consecutive patients (31 knees) were treated using MACI between October 2010 and March 2018. There were 24 male patients and 6 female patients with an average age of 26 years (range, 12-48 years). The areas of the cartilage defect were consistently >2 cm2. All patients underwent MACI for a focal chondral defect of the femoral condyles or trochlea in the knee. These patients had been evaluated for up to 5 years, with an average follow-up of 44 months (range, 6-60 months) postoperatively. The International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Lysholm score, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with T2 mapping were used to assess the outcomes. Results: No patients were lost to follow-up. Mean IKDC scores improved from 58.6 (range, 40.2-80.5) to 79.1 (range, 39.1-94.3) at 12 months and up to 88.4 (range, 83.9-100) at 5 years; mean Lysholm scores improved from 67.3 (range, 46-95) to 90.6 (range, 71-100) at 12 months and up to 95.9 (range, 85-100) at 5 years. The MRI with T2 mapping value of the transplanted area was evaluated for 21 knees, which revealed no differences compared with the normal area at 12 months postoperatively. Conclusion: From the first year onward, the clinical outcome scores and MRI with T2 mapping values showed continuous and marked improvement, suggesting that MACI is a valid option for localized cartilage defects in the knee.

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Switzer, Donald F., and Navin C. Nanda. "Doppler color flow mapping." Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 11, no. 3 (May 1985): 403–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-5629(85)90151-6.

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Sergent, Justine. "Mapping the musician brain." Human Brain Mapping 1, no. 1 (1993): 20–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.460010104.

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Podesta, Mark, I. Antoniu Popescu, and Frank Verhaegen. "Dose rate mapping of VMAT treatments." Physics in Medicine and Biology 61, no. 11 (May 10, 2016): 4048–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/61/11/4048.

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Trout, Andrew T., Matthew R. Batie, Anita Gupta, Rachel M. Sheridan, Gregory M. Tiao, and Alexander J. Towbin. "3D printed pathological sectioning boxes to facilitate radiological–pathological correlation in hepatectomy cases." Journal of Clinical Pathology 70, no. 11 (June 8, 2017): 984–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2016-204293.

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Radiogenomics promises to identify tumour imaging features indicative of genomic or proteomic aberrations that can be therapeutically targeted allowing precision personalised therapy. An accurate radiological–pathological correlation is critical to the process of radiogenomic characterisation of tumours. An accurate correlation, however, is difficult to achieve with current pathological sectioning techniques which result in sectioning in non-standard planes. The purpose of this work is to present a technique to standardise hepatic sectioning to facilitateradiological–pathological correlation. We describe a process in which three-dimensional (3D)-printed specimen boxes based on preoperative cross-sectional imaging (CT and MRI) can be used to facilitate pathological sectioning in standard planes immediately on hepatic resection enabling improved tumour mapping. We have applied this process in 13 patients undergoing hepatectomy and have observed close correlation between imaging and gross pathology in patients with both unifocal and multifocal tumours.

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Hadoura, L., C. Douglas, G. W. McGarry, and D. Young. "Mapping surgical coordinates of the sphenopalatine foramen: surgical navigation study." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 123, no. 7 (January 8, 2009): 742–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215109004344.

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AbstractObjectives:To identify measurements that may help intra-operative localisation of the sphenopalatine foramen.Design:The study used three-dimensional surgical navigation software to study radiological anatomy, in order to define the distances and angulations between identifiable bony landmarks and the sphenopalatine foramen.Results:The distance from the anterior nasal spine to the sphenopalatine foramen was 59 mm (±4 mm; inter-observer variation = 0.866; intra-observer variation = 0.822). The distance from the piriform aperture to the sphenopalatine foramen was 48 mm (±4 mm; inter-observer variation = 0.828; intra-observer variation = 0.779). The angle of elevation from the nasal floor to the sphenopalatine foramen was 22° (±3°; inter-observer variation = 0.441; intra-observer variation = 0.499).Conclusions:The sphenopalatine foramen is consistently identifiable on three-dimensional, reconstructed computed tomography scans. Repeatable measurements were obtained. The centre point of the foramen lies 59 mm from the anterior nasal spine at 22° elevation above the plane of the hard palate and 48 mm from the piriform aperture. We discuss how these data could be used to facilitate intra-operative location of the sphenopalatine foramen in difficult cases.

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Vreeman, Daniel J., Swapna Abhyankar, Kenneth C. Wang, Christopher Carr, Beverly Collins, Daniel L. Rubin, and Curtis P. Langlotz. "The LOINC RSNA radiology playbook - a unified terminology for radiology procedures." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 25, no. 7 (May 29, 2018): 885–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocy053.

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Abstract Objective This paper describes the unified LOINC/RSNA Radiology Playbook and the process by which it was produced. Methods The Regenstrief Institute and the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) developed a unification plan consisting of six objectives 1) develop a unified model for radiology procedure names that represents the attributes with an extensible set of values, 2) transform existing LOINC procedure codes into the unified model representation, 3) create a mapping between all the attribute values used in the unified model as coded in LOINC (ie, LOINC Parts) and their equivalent concepts in RadLex, 4) create a mapping between the existing procedure codes in the RadLex Core Playbook and the corresponding codes in LOINC, 5) develop a single integrated governance process for managing the unified terminology, and 6) publicly distribute the terminology artifacts. Results We developed a unified model and instantiated it in a new LOINC release artifact that contains the LOINC codes and display name (ie LONG_COMMON_NAME) for each procedure, mappings between LOINC and the RSNA Playbook at the procedure code level, and connections between procedure terms and their attribute values that are expressed as LOINC Parts and RadLex IDs. We transformed all the existing LOINC content into the new model and publicly distributed it in standard releases. The organizations have also developed a joint governance process for ongoing maintenance of the terminology. Conclusions The LOINC/RSNA Radiology Playbook provides a universal terminology standard for radiology orders and results.

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Li, Haisen S., Hualiang Zhong, Jinkoo Kim, Carri Glide-Hurst, Misbah Gulam, Teamour S. Nurushev, and Indrin J. Chetty. "Direct dose mapping versus energy/mass transfer mapping for 4D dose accumulation: fundamental differences and dosimetric consequences." Physics in Medicine and Biology 59, no. 1 (December 13, 2013): 173–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/59/1/173.

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Alonso-Hernández, C. M., A. L. Toledo-Sibello, A. Guillén-Arruebarrena, R. Sibello-Hernández, Y. Morera-Gómez, and H. A. Cartas-Águila. "NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY AND EVALUATION OF RADIATION HAZARDS IN SOILS FROM GRANITOIDE-GRANITE GEOLOGICAL FORMATION IN CUBA." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 184, no. 1 (October 5, 2018): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncy178.

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Abstract The natural radioactivity and the associated radiation hazards of soils from the Cumanayagua Granitoide-Granitic massif in the central south of Cuba have been studied. Mass activities of the natural radionuclides 238U, 232Th and 40K varied in the ranges 10.4–33, 4.6–21.7 and 381–1201 Bq kg−1, respectively. The radium equivalent activity (91.4 ± 22.1 Bq kg−1), absorbed dose rate (45.6 ± 11.1 nGy h−1), annual effective dose rate (56.1 ± 13.7 μSv y−1) and the external hazard index (0.25 ± 0.06) have been calculated and compared with the internationally approved values. According to these results, the area can be regarded as an area with normal natural background radiation and may not pose radiological risks to the inhabitants owing to harmful effects of ionizing radiation from the natural radionuclides in soils. This study provides background radioactivity concentrations in Cumanayagua Granitoide area and generate a baseline data for radiological mapping of Cuba in the future.

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Whitman, Gary J., Steven L. Venable, Rebecca L. Downs, Dolores Garza, Sandra Levy, Karen J. Ophir, Karen F. Spears, Susan K. Sprinkle-Vincent, and Carol B. Stelling. "Process mapping in screening mammography." Journal of Digital Imaging 12, S1 (May 1999): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03168805.

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Tian, Siyu, Shaobo Liang, Zhongzheng Wang, Pengyu Ye, Yingchao Yin, Junran Li, Ruipeng Zhang, Kuo Zhao, Zhiyong Hou, and Yingze Zhang. "Morphological Characteristics of the Posterior Wall Associated with Complex Acetabular Fractures: A Radiological Study Using 3D Software and Fracture Mapping Technique." BioMed Research International 2022 (March 24, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9212895.

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Background. The aim of the study was to compare the morphological distinctions of the posterior wall (PW) in different complex acetabular fractures using 3D software and fracture mapping technique and ultimately to provide for improved clinical treatment. Methods. One hundred and fourteen patients with complex acetabular fracture associated with PW were recruited. All patients were divided into two groups according to the injury mechanism of the PW: Group A (both-column and PW) and Group B (including posterior column and PW; T shape and PW; and transverse and PW). Fracture mapping was generated on the intra- and extrasurface of a standard template. The radiological parameters including spatial displacement, articular surface area, articular range, marginal impaction, and multifragments of the two groups were compared. Results. The spatial displacement, intra-/extra-articular surface area, and start and end point in Group A were 10.9 mm (IQR, 8.4-15.2), 8.2 ± 2.6 cm2, 17.9 ± 5.3 cm2, 0.8° (IQR, -6.0-16.2), and 107.5° (IQR, 97.2-116.9), respectively. The results in Group B were 30.4 mm (IQR, 16.8-48.7), 4.1 ± 2.0 cm2, 10.6 ± 4.4 cm2, 29.5° (IQR, 19.2-38.0), and 117.5° (IQR, 98.2-127.2), respectively. Marginal impaction was defined by Letournel et al. All the differences between two groups were significant ( P < 0.05 ). The fracture map in Group A showed an “L”-shaped pattern and a “cusp” on the ilium, and the PW was located at 1/5 to 1/4 of the posterosuperior part of the acetabulum. The fracture maps in Group B were scattered and lacked consistency, and the PWs were confined to 1/10 to 1/8 of the posterior acetabulum. Conclusions. Quantitative measurements and fracture mapping represented the differences in morphological characteristics of PWs associated with complex acetabular fractures.

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Hancox, Graham, Sue Hignett, Hilary Pillin, Spyros Kintzios, Jyri Silmäri, and C. L. Paul Thomas. "Systems mapping for technology development in CBRN response." International Journal of Emergency Services 7, no. 2 (August 6, 2018): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijes-08-2017-0044.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop an EU sociotechnical systems (STSs) map to represent a harmonised concept of operations (CONOPS) as a future development platform for technologies used in multi-services emergency responses to chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) incidents. Design/methodology/approach AcciMaps were developed to locate where technologies are currently used, and opportunities for new technologies. The AcciMaps were iteratively co-designed with end users (fire, ambulance, police and military) across three EU countries (the UK, Finland and Greece). Data were collected using document analysis and interviews with senior ranking (Gold or Silver Command level) representatives of the participating end users. Findings Despite differences in terminology and between service sectors, consensus was achieved for the command structures (Gold, Silver and Bronze), and Hot Zone responders (specialist blue light responders and blue light responders (BLR)). A control room was included as the communication spine. BLR activities were limited by their scope of practice and available equipment, for example, breathing apparatus. The harmonised EU AcciMap offers a high-level STSs map of CBRN response. Critical segments have been identified which offer opportunities for technology developments that can add value in terms of response capabilities (e.g. tag and trace). Originality/value A large scale major CBRN incident may need cross-border and cross-professional engagement where efficient interoperability is vital. This research is the first EU consensus of a STS map for CONOPS. It supports future research for technology development, e.g., detection and decontamination equipment design and use, communication, diagnosis and response technologies.

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Li, Yanmeng, Xiao Li, Hao Li, Yifan Zhao, Ziyang Liu, Kunkun Sun, Xiang Zhu, et al. "Genomic characterisation of pulmonary subsolid nodules: mutational landscape and radiological features." European Respiratory Journal 55, no. 2 (November 7, 2019): 1901409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01409-2019.

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BackgroundLung adenocarcinomas (LUADs) that display radiologically as subsolid nodules (SSNs) exhibit more indolent biological behaviour than solid LUADs. SSNs, commonly encompassing pre-invasive and invasive yet early-stage adenocarcinomas, can be categorised as pure ground-glass nodules and part-solid nodules. The genomic characteristics of SSNs remain poorly understood.MethodsWe subjected 154 SSN samples from 120 treatment-naïve Chinese patients to whole-exome sequencing. Clinical parameters and radiological features of these SSNs were collected. The genomic landscape of SSNs and differences from that of advanced-stage LUADs were defined. In addition, we investigated the intratumour heterogeneity and clonal relationship of multifocal SSNs and conducted radiogenomic analysis to link imaging and molecular characteristics of SSNs. Fisher's exact and Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used in the statistical analysis.ResultsThe median somatic mutation rate across the SSN cohort was 1.12 mutations per Mb. Mutations in EGFR were the most prominent and significant variation, followed by those in RBM10, TP53, STK11 and KRAS. The differences between SSNs and advanced-stage LUADs at a genomic level were unravelled. Branched evolution and remarkable genomic heterogeneity were demonstrated in SSNs. Although multicentric origin was predominant, we also detected early metastatic events among multifocal SSNs. Using radiogenomic analysis, we found that higher ratios of solid components in SSNs were accompanied by significantly higher mutation frequencies in EGFR, TP53, RBM10 and ARID1B, suggesting that these genes play roles in the progression of LUADs.ConclusionsOur study provides the first comprehensive description of the mutational landscape and radiogenomic mapping of SSNs.

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Ferreira Pinto, Pedro Henrique da Costa, Flavio Nigri, Egas Moniz Caparelli-Dáquer, and Jucilana dos Santos Viana. "Computed tomography-guided navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation for preoperative brain motor mapping in brain lesion resection: A case report." Surgical Neurology International 10 (July 5, 2019): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni-124-2019.

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Background: Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) is a well establish a noninvasive method for preoperative brain motor mapping. We commonly use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to supply the nTMS system. In some cases, MRI is not possible or available, and the use of computed tomography (CT) is necessary. We present the first report describing the association of CT and nTMS motor mapping for brain lesion resection. Case Description: CT imaging of a 59-year-old man suffering from acquired immune deficiency syndrome for 17 years, presenting with seizure and right hemiparesis, revealed a small single hypodense ring-enhancing lesion in the left central sulci suggesting cerebral toxoplasmosis. After 3 weeks of neurotoxoplasmosis treatment, due to four consecutive tonic-clonic seizures, a new CT scan was performed and showed no lesion changes. MRI was in maintenance at that time. Infectious diseases department suggested a brain lesion biopsy. Due to lesion’s location, we decided to perform a presurgical nTMS motor mapping. After a small craniotomy, we could precisely locate and safely totally remove the lesion. The pathology report revealed a high suspicious toxoplasmosis pattern. The patient was discharged after 2 days and continued toxoplasmosis treatment. After 6 months follow-up, he showed no signs of any procedure-related deficits or radiological recurrence. Conclusion: We report the feasibility and applicability of nTMS motor mapping using CT scan as an image source. It gives neurosurgeons another possibility to perform motor mapping for brain lesion removal, especially when MRI is not available or feasible.

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Zhu, Qiao Yun, HanHua Bai, Yi Wu, Yu Jia Zhou, and Qianjin Feng. "Identity-mapping cascaded network for fMRI registration." Physics in Medicine & Biology 66, no. 22 (November 15, 2021): 225011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ac34b1.

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Abstract Neuroscience researches based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) rely on accurate inter-subject image registration of functional regions. The intersubject alignment of fMRI can improve the statistical power of group analyses. Recent studies have shown the deep learning-based registration methods can be used for registration. In our work, we proposed a 30-Identity-Mapping Cascaded network (30-IMCNet) for rs-fMRI registration. It is a cascaded network that can warp the moving image progressively and finally align to the fixed image. A Combination unit with an identity-mapping path is added to the inputs of each IMCNet to guide the network training. We implemented 30-IMCNet on an rs-fMRI dataset (1000 Functional Connectomes Project dataset) and a task-related fMRI dataset (Eyes Open Eyes Closed fMRI dataset). To evaluate our method, a group-level analysis was implemented in the testing dataset. For rs-fMRI, the criterions such as peak t-value of group-level t-maps, cluster-level evaluation, and intersubject functional network correlation were used to evaluate the quality of the registrations. For task-related fMRI, peak t-value in ALFF paired-t map and peak t-value in ReHo paired-t maps were used. Compared with traditional algorithm FSL, SPM, and deep learning algorithm Kim et al, Zhao et al our method has improvements of 48.90%, 30.73%, 36.38%, and 16.73% in the peak t value of t-maps. Our proposed method can achieve superior functional registration performance and thus gain a significant improvement in functional consistency.

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Christensen, G. E., R. D. Rabbitt, and M. I. Miller. "3D brain mapping using a deformable neuroanatomy." Physics in Medicine and Biology 39, no. 3 (March 1, 1994): 609–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/39/3/022.

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Chapman, James V. "Semiquantitative and Quantitative Color Flow Mapping Methods." Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 22, no. 3 (May 2006): 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756479306288824.

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Shmatukha, Andriy V., and Chris J. G. Bakker. "MRI temperature mapping during thermal balloon angioplasty." Physics in Medicine and Biology 51, no. 8 (April 3, 2006): N163—N171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/51/8/n04.

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45

Zhong, Hualiang, and Jeffrey V. Siebers. "Monte Carlo dose mapping on deforming anatomy." Physics in Medicine and Biology 54, no. 19 (September 9, 2009): 5815–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/54/19/010.

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46

Segedi, Maja, Andrzej K. Buczkowski, Charles H. Scudamore, Eric M. Yoshida, Alison C. Harris, Kristin DeGirolamo, and Stephen W. Chung. "Biliary and vascular anomalies in living liver donors: the role and accuracy of pre‐operative radiological mapping." HPB 15, no. 9 (September 2013): 732–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hpb.12042.

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47

Shoji, Takeshi, Hideki Saka, Tadashi Inoue, Yuichi Kato, Yusuke Fujiwara, Takuma Yamasaki, Yuji Yasunaga, and Nobuo Adachi. "Preoperative T2 mapping MRI of articular cartilage values predicts postoperative osteoarthritis progression following rotational acetabular osteotomy." Bone & Joint Journal 103-B, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 1472–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.103b9.bjj-2021-0266.r1.

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Aims Rotational acetabular osteotomy (RAO) has been reported to be effective in improving symptoms and preventing osteoarthritis (OA) progression in patients with mild to severe develomental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). However, some patients develop secondary OA even when the preoperative joint space is normal; determining who will progress to OA is difficult. We evaluated whether the preoperative cartilage condition may predict OA progression following surgery using T2 mapping MRI. Methods We reviewed 61 hips with early-stage OA in 61 patients who underwent RAO for DDH. They underwent preoperative and five-year postoperative radiological analysis of the hip. Those with a joint space narrowing of more than 1 mm were considered to have 'OA progression'. Preoperative assessment of articular cartilage was also performed using 3T MRI with the T2 mapping technique. The region of interest was defined as the weightbearing portion of the acetabulum and femoral head. Results There were 16 patients with postoperative OA progression. The T2 values of the centre to the anterolateral region of the acetabulum and femoral head in the OA progression cases were significantly higher than those in patients without OA progression. The preoperative T2 values in those regions were positively correlated with the narrowed joint space width. The receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that the T2 value of the central portion in the acetabulum provided excellent discrimination, with OA progression patients having an area under the curve of 0.858. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis showed T2 values of the centre to the acetabulum’s anterolateral portion as independent predictors of subsequent OA progression (p < 0.001). Conclusion This was the first study to evaluate the relationship between intra-articular degeneration using T2 mapping MRI and postoperative OA progression. Our findings suggest that preoperative T2 values of the hip can be better prognostic factors for OA progression than radiological measures following RAO. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(9):1472–1478.

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Murugesan, Gowrishankar, Suresh Vadivel, and Sujatha Balu. "A study of radiological assessment of chronic otitis media in both mucosal and squamosal disease." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 8, no. 8 (July 26, 2022): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20221881.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic otitis media (COM) is common disease prevalent in India. Patients coming to OPD who were clinically diagnosed as chronic otitis media (COM) were evaluated using High resolution computerised tomography (HRCT) temporal bone. HRCT temporal bone is highly useful in knowing the disease involving middle ear cleft and adjacent structures. Previous studies have indicated the importance of HRCT temporal bone in mapping anatomy and middle ear disease status in COM patients. The aim of the study was to assess radiological findings of chronic otitis media in both types, and to choose management plan based on the involvement of structures.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was done in 100 COM patients with both mucosal and squamosal disease, using HRCT temporal bone scan and features analyzed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Among 100 COM patients, 75 had mucosal disease, 25 had squamosal disease. In our study the most common age group was between 16 to 25 years (26%) and 46 to 55 years (24%). The male: female ratio was 2:3. In 100 clinically diagnosed COM participants, 10% of them were found to be radiologically negative. In 90% radiologically positive participants, findings showed radiolucent shadow in the mastoid and middle ear cavity(67%), ossicular involvement(35%) and adjacent structures like epitympanum (22%), hypotympanum (2%), tegmen tympani (3%), Prussak’s space (20%), scutum involvement (18%), sinus tympani (3%), were noted by HRCT.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> HRCT temporal bone is a highly reliable diagnostic tool used for preoperative assessment of all COM patients planned for surgery.</p>

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Dekkers, Ilona A., Anneloes de Boer, Kaniska Sharma, Eleanor F. Cox, Hildo J. Lamb, David L. Buckley, Octavia Bane, et al. "Consensus-based technical recommendations for clinical translation of renal T1 and T2 mapping MRI." Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine 33, no. 1 (November 22, 2019): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10334-019-00797-5.

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AbstractTo develop technical recommendations on the acquisition and post-processing of renal longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation time mapping. A multidisciplinary panel consisting of 18 experts in the field of renal T1 and T2 mapping participated in a consensus project, which was initiated by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action PARENCHIMA CA16103. Consensus recommendations were formulated using a two-step modified Delphi method. The first survey consisted of 56 items on T1 mapping, of which 4 reached the pre-defined consensus threshold of 75% or higher. The second survey was expanded to include both T1 and T2 mapping, and consisted of 54 items of which 32 reached consensus. Recommendations based were formulated on hardware, patient preparation, acquisition, analysis and reporting. Consensus-based technical recommendations for renal T1 and T2 mapping were formulated. However, there was considerable lack of consensus for renal T1 and particularly renal T2 mapping, to some extent surprising considering the long history of relaxometry in MRI, highlighting key knowledge gaps that require further work. This paper should be regarded as a first step in a long-term evidence-based iterative process towards ever increasing harmonization of scan protocols across sites, to ultimately facilitate clinical implementation.

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Soniya, S. R., and P. J. Jojo. "Natural radioactivity assessment of surface soil collected from Poovar village of Kerala, India." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1263, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1263/1/012034.

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Making use of gamma ray spectrometric analysis method, the activities of soil-borne radio-nuclides viz. 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the surface soil samples from a specific village in coastal county has been determined. The surface soil of living environment in the Poovar village was used for the study. The activity concentration is used for evaluating various radiologically vital parameters such as levels of radium equivalent activity (Raeq), external hazard index (Hex), internal hazard index (Hin), absorbed gamma dose rate (D), outdoor and indoor annual effective dose (AED), representative gamma radioactivity level index (Iγ) and alpha index (Iα) in the region. The estimated radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K was observed to fluctuate from below detectable level (BDL) of the instrument to 9 Bqkg−1, 21 Bqkg−1 to 36 Bqkg−1 and 453 Bqkg−1 to 585 Bqkg−1, respectively. Since all of the samples investigated in the study are within the advised limit, there are no radiation threats to the human beings in the region. The obtained information in this research can be used for future radiological mapping and impact assessments.

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