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Статті в журналах з теми "R.C.C. BUILDING"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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1

Dai, Jun Wu, Yong Qiang Yang, and Duo Zhi Wang. "Ambient Vibration Test on Earthquake Damaged R/C Building Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 2576–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.2576.

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Reinforcement concrete (R/C) structure is constructed and developed very rapidly in recent 30 years with the economic increasing not only in metropolitan cities but also in wide rural areas of China. It’s famous for its’ easy construction and high load bearing capacity. But in recent large earthquakes, more and more different type of severe damages about R/C structures have been observed due to either unreasonable design or extra-high ground shaking intensity exceeding the design level mostly. In the field investigation for the 2010 Yushu Ms7.1 earthquake of China, six RC frame buildings, were investigated and tested by means of the ambient vibration test method. Both of the test results of the natural frequency for each building as well as its’ damage pattern were described and briefly analyzed in this paper. The investigation results provide reference data for nonlinear numerical analysis and retrofitting of RC frame building structures.

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2

ICHINOSE, Toshikatsu, and Kenji MURATA. "ANALYSIS OF R/C LAP SPLICES." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 61, no. 481 (1996): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.61.81_1.

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3

Mehani, Youcef, and Abderrahmane Kibboua. "Seismic assessment of a R/C strategic existing building." Structural Engineering and Mechanics 26, no. 6 (August 20, 2007): 617–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2007.26.6.617.

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4

Agus, Muhammad Ridwan, and Febriyan Ramadhana. "Seismic Performance of Existing R/C Building with Irregular Floor Plan Shape." MATEC Web of Conferences 215 (2018): 01035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821501035.

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Bu33333333ilding with irregular floor plan has the eccentricity of force to the centre of building isappears to be more susceptible to deformation and damage when subjected to earthquake movements than with regular floor plan. This study aims to determine the seismic performance of buildings with the irregular floor plan in displacement and drift by service and ultimate performance limit.The object of research is Padang Pariaman public works office building. The evaluation method used non-linear static analysis(Pushover) which is one method to evaluate the seismic performance of the building.Pushover analysis performed by providing a static load in the lateral direction gradually to achieve a specific displacement target. This research is based on SNI-1726-2012, ATC-40 and FEMA 356. The results of the analysis show that the maximum lateral force of 10909.9 kN occurs in step-6 pushover analysis with a displacement of 0.165 m, maximum drift = 0.0705 m and maximum in-elastic drift = 0.025 m.This means the building is included in the IO (Immediate Occupancy) performance level. Although there is damage from small to medium level, still has a big threshold against the collapse, which means the building is safe against the earthquake.

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5

Terenzi, Gloria, Caterina Bazzani, Iacopo Costoli, Stefano Sorace, and Paolo Spinelli. "Advanced Seismic Retrofit of a Mixed R/C-Steel Structure." Buildings 9, no. 12 (November 29, 2019): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings9120241.

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A study concerning the performance assessment and enhanced retrofit of public buildings originally designed without any anti-seismic provisions is presented herein. A representative structure belonging to this class was demonstratively examined, i.e., a school built in Italy in the early 1970s, before a coordinate national Seismic Standard was issued. The building is characterized by a mixed reinforced concrete (ground storey)–steel (first and second storey) frame skeleton. An extensive on-site experimental investigation was developed in the first step of the study, which helped identify the mechanical characteristics of the constituting materials, and re-draw the main structural details. Based on these data, and relevant updates of the finite element model of the structure, the seismic assessment analyses carried out in current conditions highlighted several performance deficiencies, in both the reinforced concrete and steel members. An advanced seismic retrofit hypothesis of the building was then designed, consisting of the installation of a set of dissipative braces incorporating fluid viscous dampers as protective devices. This solution makes it possible to attain an elastic structural response up to the maximum considered normative earthquake level, while at the same time causing more limited architectural intrusion and lower costs as compared to conventional rehabilitation strategies.

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6

Sattary‐Javid, Vahid, and James K. Wight. "Earthquake Load on R/C Beams: Building versus Single Beam." Journal of Structural Engineering 112, no. 7 (July 1986): 1493–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1986)112:7(1493).

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7

Yalçin, Üsame, and Ahmad J. Durrani. "Effect of Slab on Inelastic Response of R/C Building." Journal of Structural Engineering 119, no. 5 (May 1993): 1374–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1993)119:5(1374).

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8

Pardalopoulos, Stylianos I., Stavroula J. Pantazopoulou, and George D. Manolis. "On the Modeling and Analysis of Brittle Failure in Existing R/C Structures Due to Seismic Loads." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (February 2, 2022): 1602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031602.

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Brittle failure is often observed in older reinforced concrete (R/C) buildings that have been designed prior to the 1980s following an earthquake event. Since this has ramifications on any subsequent repair protocol, it is important to quantify the remaining strength capacity for this class of building to determine a retrofit strategy. Following along these lines, an analytical-numerical methodology is presented for use as a third-tier seismic assessment which is based on a previously developed second-tier strength assessment criterion coming from a procedure known as Rapid Seismic Assessment (RSA). The assessment framework is performance-based, aiming to determine whether estimated local drift demands can be tolerated without failure developing along the load resistance path of substandard R/C buildings. This enables the development of guidelines for modeling all possible strength mechanisms that occur in the structural system of substandard R/C buildings. An application example using data provided by a benchmark experiment involving a full-scale R/C building helps to illustrate and then validate the proposed modeling procedures and establish their accuracy and efficiency for use by practicing engineers.

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9

TAKIGUCHI, Katsuki, Noriyuki OGURA, and Kouichi YANAGI. "COMPLETE COLLAPSE TEST OF FLEXURAL FAILURE TYPE R/C COLUMN." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 4, no. 6 (1998): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.4.47.

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10

Frogley, Benjamin J., Tobias L. Genet, Anthony F. Hill, and Chee S. Onn. "Alkynylselenolatoalkylidynes (LnMC–Se–CCR) as building blocks for mixed metal/main-group extended frameworks." Dalton Transactions 48, no. 22 (2019): 7632–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9dt01504c.

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Анотація:

The reactions of [W(CBr)(CO)₂(Tp*)] (Tp* = hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)borate) with lithium alkynylselenolates LiSeCCR (R = SiMe₃, SiⁱPr₃, ⁿBu, ^tBu, Ph, p-tolyl) afford the alkynylselenolatoalkylidyne complexes [W(CSeCCR)(CO)₂(Tp*)].

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11

Lazzali, Farah, and Mohamed N. Farsi. "Vulnerability Index of Algiers Reinforced Concrete Buildings." Advanced Materials Research 685 (April 2013): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.685.228.

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Анотація:

Reinforced Concrete (R/C) buildings experienced major damage in past earthquakes. Structural damage including column cracking, shear failure and collapse, were due to particular conditions, such as: poor member sizing and detailing, soft stories, building irregularity, bounding, bad quality of construction materials and workmanship. Various approaches and methods to assess the seismic vulnerability of buildings were established through examining a damage indicator: “vulnerability index”. In this work, a simplified vulnerability index based on design parameters describing the deficiencies of the structural system is proposed. The global index of each R/C building in the surveyed area is evaluated and normalized.

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12

Ang, Alfredo H. S., and Jae-Chull Lee. "Cost optimal design of R/C buildings." Reliability Engineering & System Safety 73, no. 3 (September 2001): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0951-8320(01)00058-8.

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13

Markogiannaki, Olga, and Ioannis Tegos. "Strengthening of a Multistory R/C Building under Lateral Loading by Utilizing Ties." Applied Mechanics and Materials 82 (July 2011): 559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.82.559.

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The scope of the study is to examine of the possibility of applying steel ties, which can consist of common steel wires, as means to restrain the seismic displacements of buildings structural systems. The method seems to be competitive to the conventional ones, since fewer disturbances are created during the retrofitting works, i.e. the installation of ties as compared to the conventional strengthening methods. The method also proved to be more economic than the conventional method of constructing and infilling concrete walls in the vulnerable structural system. Initially, the efficiency of the ties was studied in multistory building models, such as frame, combined frame-wall and combined frame-wall without beams. Based on the results of the analytical study, the method was applied on a 5 storey existing and seismically deficient building. More specifically, the long side of the building was chosen for the method’s application. The last choice was deemed more preferable due to the fact that it has no openings which allowed the easy application of straight ties. The one end of the ties is anchored in the concrete slab of the upper stories, while the other end on the basement’s upper concrete slab. Although the seismic demand was higher for the implemented solution of the steel wires due to multiple loading, caused by the low value of the seismic performance coefficient equal to 1.5, an adequate level of earthquake resistance was achieved. The results of the case study confirmed the applicability of the proposed method. It should be underlined that the ties method looks promising in the field of structures retrofitting and could be studied analytically in campaigns, either independently or in combination with the conventional in concrete shear wall method.

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14

Lee, Kang Seok. "A New Methodology for Seismic Capacity Evaluation of Low-rise R/C Buildings." Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection 15, no. 3 (May 30, 2011): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.11112/jksmi.2011.15.3.106.

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15

D. Purba, I. Imran, M. Moestopo, A. Watanabe, T. Hikino, and D. Siringoringo. "Structures with Added Buckling Restrained Brace Elements." Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering 18, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.56748/ejse.182231.

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The number of high rise building has increased significantly as supporting infrastructure in many big cities in Indonesia. Most of the high rise buildings in Indonesia are constructed using reinforced concrete (r/c) moment resisting frame systems. However, due to the high seismicity of many of the regions of Indonesia, the use of moment resisting frames as single system, especially for tall buildings, are restricted. This structural system is in general quite flexible, and therefore excessive lateral drifts are experienced under seismic forces. In practice, adding buckling restrained brace (BRB) can be used to limit the lateral drift in high rise buildings. The objective of this paper is to present a study on the use of BRB elements in high rise r/c frame buildings to evaluate their seismic performance. In this paper, a 20 story office building located in a high seismicity region is modeled into two basic distinctions, i.e. building with BRB and without BRB. The adopted system of BRB is UBB (Unbonded Brace) type. The seismic response of the buildings is obtained by conducting non-linear time history analysis with seven scaled ground motions. Then, the performance of these buildings are evaluated and compared. Based on the findings, some recommendations are proposed for the use of BRB in the design of high rise r/c frame buildings located in regions with high seismicity.

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16

Rai, Durgesh C. "Seismic Retrofitting of R/C Shaft Support of Elevated Tanks." Earthquake Spectra 18, no. 4 (November 2002): 745–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1516753.

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The circular, reinforced concrete (R/C) shaft-type support for elevated tanks lacks redundancy, damping and additional strength typically present in building framing systems and, therefore, should be designed for larger seismic resistance. However, the Indian seismic code IS:1893-1984 prescribes the same basic seismic force as that for the most ductile building framing system for which the design force is the least. Furthermore, the code-specified one-mass idealization of elevated water tanks is not appropriate for large (large width to depth ratio) and partially filled tanks. The low design forces lead to a weak and slender support—a very unfavorable feature in high seismic areas, as evidenced in the failure of two water tanks in the 1997 Jabalpur earthquake and a great many in the 2001 Bhuj earthquake. It is rather difficult to enhance the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of thin-walled, R/C shaft supports. Concrete jacketing is used as a retrofit measure to enhance the lateral strength and ductility by changing the failure mode of concrete crushing to a more ductile tension yielding. This scheme requires substantial strengthening of the existing foundation.

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17

Tekin, Muhammed, Ali Gürbüz, and Ali Demir. "Comparison of Nonlinear Static and Dynamic Analyses on a R/C Building." Mathematical and Computational Applications 18, no. 3 (December 1, 2013): 264–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mca18030264.

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18

Deupi, Jill, Charles Eckman, and Christina Larson. "C-R-E-A-T-E: Building an Institutional Cultural Resources Platform." GLAM Collaboration Opportunities and Challenges, no. 300 (June 19, 2020): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29242/rli.300.3.

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19

Negro, P., A. V. Pinto, G. Verzeletti, and G. E. Magonette. "PsD Test on Four-Story R/C Building Designed According to Eurocodes." Journal of Structural Engineering 122, no. 12 (December 1996): 1409–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1996)122:12(1409).

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20

Maidiawati, Agus, Yasushi Sanada, and Jafril Tanjung. "Seismic Performance Evaluation of Indonesian Existing R/C Building Considering Brick Infill." Procedia Engineering 171 (2017): 1043–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.01.450.

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21

IGARASHI, Sayaka, and Masaki MAEDA. "SEISMIC DAMAGE EVALUATION OF DUCTILE R/C BEAM AND COLUMN." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 75, no. 652 (2010): 1121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.75.1121.

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22

SUZUKI, Toshiro, Katsuki TAKIGUCHI, and Shin-ichi MIYASHITA. "DEVELOPMENT OF DUCTILE R/C COLUMN WITH A NEW CONCEPT." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 59, no. 457 (1994): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.59.61_2.

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23

Savvides, Savvas, Seema Kumar, Julian James Stephen, and Patrick Eugster. "C3PO: C loud-based C onfidentiality-preserving C ontinuous Query P r o cessing." ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security 25, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3472717.

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With the advent of the Internet of things (IoT), billions of devices are expected to continuously collect and process sensitive data (e.g., location, personal health factors). Due to the limited computational capacity available on IoT devices, the current de facto model for building IoT applications is to send the gathered data to the cloud for computation. While building private cloud infrastructures for handling large amounts of data streams can be expensive, using low-cost public (untrusted) cloud infrastructures for processing continuous queries including sensitive data leads to strong concerns over data confidentiality. This article presents C3PO, a confidentiality-preserving, continuous query processing engine, that leverages the public cloud. The key idea is to intelligently utilize partially homomorphic and property-preserving encryption to perform as many computationally intensive operations as possible—without revealing plaintext—in the untrusted cloud. C3PO provides simple abstractions to the developer to hide the complexities of applying complex cryptographic primitives, reasoning about the performance of such primitives, deciding which computations can be executed in an untrusted tier, and optimizing cloud resource usage. An empirical evaluation with several benchmarks and case studies shows the feasibility of our approach. We consider different classes of IoT devices that differ in their computational and memory resources (from a Raspberry Pi 3 to a very small device with a Cortex-M3 microprocessor) and through the use of optimizations, we demonstrate the feasibility of using partially homomorphic and property-preserving encryption on IoT devices.

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24

Perdikaris, Philip C., and Richard N. White. "Shear Modulus of Precracked R/C Panels." Journal of Structural Engineering 111, no. 2 (February 1985): 270–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1985)111:2(270).

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25

Hsiumg, Wayne, and Gregory C. Frantz. "Transverse Stirrup Spacing in R/C Beams." Journal of Structural Engineering 111, no. 2 (February 1985): 353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1985)111:2(353).

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26

Perdikaris, Philip C., Said Hilmy, and Richard N. White. "Extensional Stiffness, of Precracked R/C Panels." Journal of Structural Engineering 111, no. 3 (March 1985): 487–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1985)111:3(487).

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27

Harik, Issam E., and Victor S. Hamouche. "Transversely Loaded Horizontally Curved R/C Slabs." Journal of Structural Engineering 112, no. 6 (June 1986): 1385–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1986)112:6(1385).

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28

Oliva, Michael G., and Ray W. Clough. "Biaxial Seismic Response of R/C Frames." Journal of Structural Engineering 113, no. 6 (June 1987): 1264–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1987)113:6(1264).

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29

Kareem, A., and J. Hsieh. "Statistical Analysis of Tubular R/C Sections." Journal of Structural Engineering 114, no. 4 (April 1988): 900–916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1988)114:4(900).

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30

Mansour, M. Y., M. Dicleli, and J. Y. Lee. "Nonlinear Analysis of R/C Low-Rise Shear Walls." Advances in Structural Engineering 7, no. 4 (August 2004): 345–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1369433041653525.

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31

Sanada, Yasushi, Maidiawati, and Keidai Kojima. "Preventing Collapse of Vulnerable R/C Buildings Using Wood Interlocking Blocks." Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2010): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/jact.8.213.

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32

OHMURA, Tetsuya, and Shizuo HAYASHI. "STIFFNESS EVALUATION OF R/C GIRDERS WITH WALL HAVING SEISMIC SLITS." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 70, no. 597 (2005): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.70.93_5.

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33

KANATA, Kazuhiro, Shizuo HAYASHI, Tetsuya OHMURA, Toshiharu NAKAMURA, and Tashiro FUJIMURA. "SHEAR STRENGTH OF SEISMIC RETROFITED R/C FRAMES WITHOUT ANCHOR BOLTS." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 75, no. 658 (2010): 2239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.75.2239.

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34

Seidel, Michael J., Andrei M. Reinhorn, and Young J. Park. "Seismic Damageability Assessment of R/C Buildings in Eastern U.S." Journal of Structural Engineering 115, no. 9 (September 1989): 2184–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1989)115:9(2184).

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35

Bakalis, Athanasios P., and Triantafyllos K. Makarios. "Seismic Assessment of Asymmetric Single-storey R/C Buildings by Two New Methodologies: Enforced Displacement-Based and Forced-Based Pushover Procedures." Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction 9, no. 2 (May 15, 2020): 93–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jcec.2020.9.2.93.

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Τwo new documented non-linear static (pushover) procedures on asymmetric single-storey R/C buildings are presented in detail herein, aiming directly at the Near Collapse state. Both procedures apply relative to the “Capable Near Collapse Principal reference system” of the single-storey building. The main objective of the two proposed procedures is to fully consider the coupling between torsional and translational vibrations of the floor-diaphragm under translational seismic excitation of the building’s base. The first pushover procedure, which is a Direct Displacement-Based one, uses floor enforced-displacements as action. In the second pushover procedure, which is a Force-Based one, the floor lateral static forces are applied eccentrically to centre of mass using suitable inelastic design eccentricities (dynamic plus accidental ones). The floor enforced-translations/rotation and the appropriate inelastic dynamic eccentricities used in the two proposed procedures derive from extensive parametric non-linear response history analysis and are given by figures or equations. In order to clarify in detail and evaluate the new pushover procedures, a torsionally-flexible, double-asymmetric, single-storey R/C building is seismically assessed. The validation of both procedures relative to the results of non-linear response history analysis shows that both predict with safety the in-plan displacements of the building.

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36

Kruszynski, Rafal, та Wojciech Czestkowski. "The first structurally analysed nucleic acid building block containing the Reese protecting group: 2′-O-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxypiperidin-4-yl]-β-D-(1′R,2′R,3′R,4′R)-uridine". Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 71, № 5 (15 квітня 2015): 402–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229615006646.

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The title compound, C21H26FN3O7, is assembled by N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds into well-separated two-dimensional layers of about 15 Å thickness. The crescent conformation of the molecules is stabilized by weak intramolecular C—H...O and C—H...F hydrogen bonds. The uridine moiety adopts ananticonformation. The ribofuranose ring exists in an envelope conformation. All the endocyclic uracil bonds are shorter than normal single C—N and C—C bonds, and five of them have comparable lengths, which implies a considerable degree of delocalization of the electron density within this ring.

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37

Kazemi, Mohammad Taghi, and Reza Morshed. "Seismic shear strengthening of R/C columns with ferrocement jacket." Cement and Concrete Composites 27, no. 7-8 (August 2005): 834–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2005.03.011.

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38

Iguchi, Y., M. Tsuda, Y. Ookawara, and R. Hamanaka. "Design & Construction of a S. R. C. Building of High Quality Concrete." Concrete Journal 23, no. 10 (1985): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/coj1975.23.10_34.

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39

YOKOUCHI, Hajime, Keiji KITAJIMA, Mitsukazu NAKANISHI, Hiromi ADACHI, and Hiroyuki AOYAMA. "EARTHQUAKE RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS OF AN EXISTING R/C BUILDING RETROFITTED WITH FRICTION DAMPERS." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 73, no. 628 (2008): 947–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.73.947.

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40

Rubinstein, Marcelo, Oscar Moller, and Alejandro Giuliano. "Inelastic displacement-based design approach of R/C building structures in seismic regions." Structural Engineering and Mechanics 12, no. 6 (December 25, 2001): 573–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2001.12.6.573.

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41

Donduren, M. S., and A. Nakipoglu. "Comparison of R/C buildings with a soft-storey irregularity with respect to various national building codes." Materiali in tehnologije 52, no. 5 (October 2, 2018): 575–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17222/mit.2018.015.

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42

Chrysanidis, Theodoros, Dimitra Mousama, Eleni Tzatzo, Nikolaos Alamanis, and Dimos Zachos. "Study of the Effect of a Seismic Zone to the Construction Cost of a Five-Story Reinforced Concrete Building." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (August 15, 2022): 10076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610076.

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Анотація:

Greece is divided into three earthquake hazard zones: Zone I, Zone II and Zone III. In the present research work, the same building in the three seismic zones in Greece was modeled, analyzed and dimensioned. Then, the construction cost of its structural body was estimated. The building modeling was performed in SAP2000 using frame elements. The analysis of the building was performed by dynamic spectral analysis methods using the design spectrum EC8. A five-story building with a standard rectangular floor plan per floor was used. The purpose of this research paper is to demonstrate whether the cost of construction of a load-bearing body of a reinforced concrete (R/C) building is influenced by the area of an earthquake hazard through a comparative analytical estimation of construction costs. It was determined if this impact is important and to what extent. Helpful conclusions were drawn in relation to the influence of seismicity on the construction cost of the load-bearing structure of R/C buildings. Furthermore, the probable environmental impact was examined.

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43

Chu, Kuang‐Han, and Domingo J. Carreira. "Time‐Dependent Cyclic Deflections in R/C Beams." Journal of Structural Engineering 112, no. 5 (May 1986): 943–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1986)112:5(943).

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Park, Moon Ho, and Issam E. Harik. "Optimum Design of Horizontally Curved R/C Slabs." Journal of Structural Engineering 113, no. 11 (November 1987): 2195–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1987)113:11(2195).

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45

Breysse, Denis, and Jacky Mazars. "Simplified Approach of Nonlinearity in R‐C Beams." Journal of Structural Engineering 114, no. 2 (February 1988): 251–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1988)114:2(251).

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46

MUKOYAMA, Riho, Kenji FUJII, and Chizuru IRIE. "DISPLACEMENT – CONTROLLED SEISMIC DESIGN OF R/C FRAME WITH STEEL DAMPER COLUMN." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 28, no. 68 (February 20, 2022): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.28.97.

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47

MASUO, Kiyoshi, and Masato ADACHI. "STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE OF R/C EXTERIOR BEAM-COLUMN JOINT USING MECHANICAL ANCHORAGES." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 73, no. 632 (2008): 1841–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.73.1841.

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48

MASUO, Kiyoshi, and Masato ADACHI. "STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE OF R/C EXTERIOR BEAM-COLUMN JOINT USING MECHANICAL ANCHORAGES." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 73, no. 627 (2008): 819–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.73.819.

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49

MATSUOKA, Yoshinori, Fumiya ESAKI, and Masayuki ONO. "EFFECT OF LOADING RATE ON HYSTERESIS RESPONSE OF R/C FRAMED SHEARWALLS." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 74, no. 645 (2009): 2085–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.74.2085.

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50

KATO, Daisuke, Katsushi YOSHIZAWA, Tetsuo NAGAHASHI, and Yukiko NAKAMURA. "STRENGTH AND DEFORMATION CAPACITY OF R/C COLUMNS WITH CUT OFF BARS." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 78, no. 683 (2013): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.78.139.

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