Дисертації з теми "Quantitative Neuroscience"
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Ganau, Mario. "Nanotechnology Applications in Quantitative Neuroscience: Proteomic Analysis of Malignant Gliomas." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/8575.
Повний текст джерелаAbstract (English) The current limit of knowledge advancement in proteomic analysis of gliomas, the most common primary malignant brain tumors, is related to the high sensitivity required to detect specific biomarkers within few cells volumes. To address this problem we developed a quantitative approach to eventually enable precise, high throughput and low cost analysis of glial cells with potential capability of real-time pathological screening and subtyping of brain tumors. A device consisting in micro-fabricated wells capable to isolate and host living astrocytes was designed and functionalized. Then for the fabrication of a nanobiosensor, able to detect in small volumes the presence of specific biomarkers, ideally for multiplexing assays and meant to fit within the small dimensions of this microdevice, an approach consisting in DNA-directed-immobilization (DDI) of biotinylated antibodies (Abs) on a single stranded DNA (ssDNA) nanoarray, produced by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) nanografting, was carefully optimized. The proof of concept was realized with Abs specific for Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), a biomarker which belongs to the family of intermediate filaments and is crucial in cell’s differentiation, within a platform ready for parallelization. Nanosized patches of thiol modified ssDNA were prepared by AFM-based nanografting inside a matrix of self assembled monolayers (SAM) of alkanethiol-modified gold surfaces. Subsequently a complementary DNA strand (cDNA) conjugated to streptavidin (STV) was allowed to covalently bind to the patch by sequence specific DNA hybridization. Finally the biotin binding sites of STV were exploited to immobilize biotinylated monoclonal GFAP Abs (already in use for ELISA assays) on the top of those nanopatches. The efficiency of those nano-immuno arrays was tested by successfully obtaining the immobilization of purified recombinant GFAP protein, down to a concentration of 4 nM, firstly in standard PBS then in multicells’ lysate obtained from U87 glial cultures. The immobilization was detected by means of AFM measuring step by step the increases in the height of the patches and excluding modification of the roughness of both the SAM and the nanopatches after incubation with the cells’ lysate through a signal to noise ratio analysis. Titration curves for a comparison of sensitivity between this technique and the conventional ELISA assays are provided, they indeed confirm that the sensitivity of our nanosensors is at least that of ELISA, with the advantage of the scalability of the device.
Abstract (Italiano) L’attuale limite di avanzamento dello stato dell’arte dell’analisi proteomica dei gliomi cerebrali, la classe istologica di tumori cerebrali più frequente ed aggressiva, è legato alla difficoltà di individuare specifici biomarkers in piccoli volumi cellulari. Per superare questo limite si è deciso di sviluppare un approccio nanoquantitativo che consenta un’analisi proteomica precisa, ad alta sensibilità e basso costo, degli astrociti tumorali, con potenzialità di screening in tempo reale e sottotipizzazione di tumori cerebrali. Previa fabbricazione e funzionalizzazione di micro pozzetti idonei ad ospitare cellule astrocitarie, ci si è dedicati alla realizzazione di biosensori in grado di riconoscere specifici biomarkers e di essere accoppiati ai micro pozzetti. Al fine di immobilizzare anticorpi specifici per proteine di interesse in ambito neuroncologico, è stato scelto un approccio basato sul nanografting con Microscopio a Forza Atomica (AFM) e sull’immobilizzazione diretta sul DNA di anticorpi (DDI). In particolare la prova concettuale è stata condotta con anticorpi specifici per la Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), un marcatore della differenziazione astrocitaria appartenente alla famiglia dei filamenti intermedi intracellulari, su una piattaforma atta ad una successiva parallelizzazione. I nanocostrutti responsabili del riconoscimento della proteina d’interesse, sono stati realizzati partendo da molecole di DNA a singola elica (ssDNA) graftate in una matrice di monostrati autoassemblati (SAM) di superfici d’oro alchiltiolo modificato. Al fine di sfruttare la capacità della streptavidina (STV) di legarsi ad anticorpi biotinilati è stata successivamente indotta l’ibridazione di un filamento di DNA complementare (cDNA) a quello precedentemente immobilizzato sulla superficie nanoassemblata che presentasse anche una coda di STV. I siti di legame per la biotina intrinseci al tetramero di STV sono quindi stati sfruttati per immobilizzare sulla superficie dei nanocostrutti degli anticorpi monoclonali biotinilati specifici per GFAP (già in uso per i protocolli ELISA). L’efficienza dei nano-immuno costrutti così ottenuti è stata testata ottenendo l’immobilizzazione di GFAP ricombinante anche a basse concentrazioni (fino a 4nM), sia in presenza di standard PBS, sia in presenza di un lisato multicellulare ottenuto da colture gliali di cellule U87. L’immobilizzazione di GFAP è stata confermata dall’incremento in altezza dei nanocostrutti misurato all’AFM escludendo modificazioni del rapporto segnale/rumore sia del SAM che dei nanocostrutti prima e dopo aggiunta di lisato multicellulare. Il limite di sensibilità del prototipo così ottenuto è stato confrontato con quello raggiungibile con protocolli standard ELISA, mostrando una sensibilità almeno comparabile all’ELISA a fronte di un maggiore potenziale diagnostico legato alla sua scalabilità.
XXV Ciclo
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Yan, Haiyan. "Quantitative EEG changes in excessive daytime sleepiness." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0017/MQ57169.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаColetta, Annette Lisa. "A Quantitative Assessment of Empathy After an Art Prime with Counseling Students." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6717.
Повний текст джерелаMunoz, Maniega Susana. "Diffusion tensor MRI of human ischaemic stroke : quantitative measurements, acquisition and registration issues." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1955.
Повний текст джерелаSegerdahl, Andrew Reilly. "Investigation of the neural correlates of ongoing pain states using quantitative perfusion arterial spin labelling." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e55cc4a1-cbd3-477d-a7c2-0935349914f1.
Повний текст джерелаLancione, Marta. "Structural and functional neuroimaging using quantitative susceptibility mapping and ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging." Thesis, IMT Alti Studi Lucca, 2021. http://e-theses.imtlucca.it/339/1/Lancione_phdthesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMasri, Rania. "Neurons of the primate retina: A qualitative and quantitative analysis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/21165.
Повний текст джерелаTziortzi, Andri. "Quantitative dopamine imaging in humans using magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:26b8b4c2-0237-4c40-8c84-9ae818a0dabf.
Повний текст джерелаHengenius, James B. "Quantitative modeling of spatiotemporal systems| Simulation of biological systems and analysis of error metric effects on model fitting." Thesis, Purdue University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3687049.
Повний текст джерелаUnderstanding the biophysical processes underlying biological and biotechnological processes is a prerequisite for therapeutic treatments and technological innovation. With the exponential growth of computational processing speed, experimental findings in these fields have been complemented by dynamic simulations of developmental signaling and genetic interactions. Models provide means to evaluate "emergent" properties of systems sometimes inaccessible by reductionist approaches, making them test beds for biological inference and technological refinement.
The complexity and interconnectedness of biological processes pose special challenges to modelers; biological models typically possess a large number of unknown parameters relative to their counterparts in other physical sciences. Estimating these parameter values requires iterative testing of parameter values to find values that produce low error between model and data. This is a task whose length grows exponentially with the number of unknown parameters. Many biological systems require spatial representation (i.e., they are not well-mixed systems and change over space and time). Adding spatial dimensions complicates parameter estimation by increasing computational time for each model evaluation. Defining error for model-data comparison is also complicated on spatial domains. Different metrics compare different features of data and simulation, and the desired features are dependent on the underlying research question.
This dissertation documents the modeling, parameter estimation, and simulation of two spatiotemporal modeling studies. Each study addresses an unanswered research question in the respective experimental system. The former is a 3D model of a nanoscale amperometric glucose biosensor; the model was used to optimize the sensor's design for improved sensitivity to glucose. The latter is a 3D model of the developmental gap gene system that helps establish the bodyplan of Drosophila melanogaster; I wished to determine if the embryo's geometry alone was capable of accounting for observed spatial distributions of gap gene products and to infer feasible genetic regulatory networks (GRNs) via parameter estimation of the GRN interaction terms. Simulation of the biosensor successfully predicted an optimal electrode density on the biosensor surface, allowing us to fabricate improved biosensors. Simulation of the gap gene system on 1D and 3D embryonic demonstrated that geometric effects were insufficient to produce observed distributions when simulated with previously reported GRNs. Noting the effects of the error definition on the outcome of parameter estimation, I conclude with a characterization of assorted error definitions (objective functions), describe data characteristics to which they are sensitive, and end with a suggested procedure for objective function selection. Choice of objective function is important in parameter estimation of spatiotemporal system models in varied biological and biotechnological disciplines.
Mumuni, Abdul Nashirudeen. "Investigation of brain tissue water NMR response by optimised quantitative single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4717/.
Повний текст джерелаThouvenin, Olivier. "Optical 3D imaging of subcellular dynamics in biological cultures and tissues : applications to ophthalmology and neuroscience." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC169/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD project aims to explore the relationship that might exist between the dynamic motility and mechanical behavior of different biological systems and their biochemical activity. In particular,we were interested in detecting the electromechanical coupling that may happen in active neurons, and may assist in the propagation of the action potential. With this goal in mind, we have developed two highly sensitive optical microscopes that combine one modality that detects sub-wavelength axial displacements using optical phase imaging and another modality that uses a fluorescence path. Therefore, these multimodal microscopes can combine a motility, a mechanical,a structural and a biochemical contrast at the same time. One of this system is based ona multimodal combination of full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) and allows the observation of such contrast inside thick and scattering biological tissues. The other setup provides a higher displacement sensitivity, but is limited to measurements in cell cultures. In this manuscript, we mainly discuss the development of both systems and describe the various contrastst hey can reveal. Finally, we have largely used our systems to investigate diverse functions of the eye and to look for electromechanical waves in cell cultures. The thorough description of both biological applications is also provided in the manuscript
Stephenson, Jeannie B. "Longitudinal Quantitative Analysis of Gait and Balance in Friedreich's Ataxia." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5623.
Повний текст джерелаGing-Jehli, Nadja Rita. "On the implementation of Computational Psychiatry within the framework of Cognitive Psychology and Neuroscience." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555338342285251.
Повний текст джерелаCotterill, Ellese. "Statistical analysis of neuronal data : development of quantitative frameworks and application to microelectrode array analysis and cell type classification." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/267741.
Повний текст джерелаSteffens, Adriana. "Cortisol Levels and Voltage Conditions of College Students." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/273.
Повний текст джерелаSwitzer, Michael. "A Meta-Analysis of the Inclusion of Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Assessment and Treatment in Traumatic Brain Injury Management." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6684.
Повний текст джерелаEvans, Matthew C. "Quantitative Analysis of Novel Chemical and shRNA Based Methods to Increase Survival of Motor Neuron Protein Levels." eScholarship@UMMS, 2011. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/566.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Aaron Paul. "NEUROBEHAVIORAL MEASUREMENTS OF NATURAL AND OPIOID REWARD VALUE." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/164.
Повний текст джерелаUpham, Finn. "Detecting the Adaptation of Listeners' Respiration to Heard Music." Thesis, New York University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10932754.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation explores the surprising phenomenon of listeners' unconsciously breathing in time to music, inspiring and expiring at select moments of specific works. When and how the experience of hearing music might produce stimulus-synchronous respiratory events is studied through Repeated Response Case Studies, gathering participants' respiratory sequences during repeated listenings to recorded music, and through Audience Response Experiments, responses for participants experiencing live music together in a concert hall.
Activity Analysis, a new statistical technique, supported the development and definition of discrete phase components of the breath cycle that come into coordination: the onsets of inspiration and expiration, the intervals of high flow during these two main phases, and the post-expiration pause. Alignment in these components across listenings illuminate when the naturalistic complex stimuli can attract or cue listener respiration events.
Four patterns of respiratory phase alignment are identified through detailed analysis of stimuli and responses. Participants inspired with the inspirations of vocalists and wind performers, suggesting embodied perception and imagined action may exert influence on their quiet breathing. Participants suppressed and delayed inspirations when the music was highly unpredictable, suggesting adaptation in aid of auditory attention. Similar behaviour occurred with sustained sounds of exceptional aesthetic value. Participants inspired with recurring motivic material and similar high salience events, as if marking them in recognition or amplifying their affective impact. And finally, participants occasionally breathed following structural endings, suggesting a sigh-like function of releasing the respiratory system from cortical control.
These instances of music-aligned respiratory phase alignment seemed to be stronger in participants who were typically active with heard music, but the impacts of training and expertise was not a simple condition for this behaviour. Contrasts between case study participants showed highly idiosyncratic patterns of respiratory alignment and differences in susceptibility along side moments of shared effect. In the audience experiments, alignment within phase components was measurable and significant, but rarely involved more than a quarter of participants in any given instance. These levels of concurrent activity in respiration underline the subtlety of this bodily response to music.
Stachenfeld, Kimberly. "Learning Neural Representations that Support Efficient Reinforcement Learning." Thesis, Princeton University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10824319.
Повний текст джерелаRL has been transformative for neuroscience by providing a normative anchor for interpreting neural and behavioral data. End-to-end RL methods have scored impressive victories with minimal compromises in autonomy, hand-engineering, and generality. The cost of this minimalism in practice is that model-free RL methods are slow to learn and generalize poorly. Humans and animals exhibit substantially improved flexibility and generalize learned information rapidly to new environment by learning invariants of the environment and features of the environment that support fast learning rapid transfer in new environments. An important question for both neuroscience and machine learning is what kind of ``representational objectives'' encourage humans and other animals to encode structure about the world. This can be formalized as ``representation feature learning,'' in which the animal or agent learns to form representations with information potentially relevant to the downstream RL process. We will overview different representational objectives that have received attention in neuroscience and in machine learning. The focus of this overview will be to first highlight conditions under which these seemingly unrelated objectives are actually mathematically equivalent. We will use this to motivate a breakdown of properties of different learned representations that are meaningfully different and can be used to inform contrasting hypotheses for neuroscience. We then use this perspective to motivate our model of the hippocampus. A cognitive map has long been the dominant metaphor for hippocampal function, embracing the idea that place cells encode a geometric representation of space. However, evidence for predictive coding, reward sensitivity, and policy dependence in place cells suggests that the representation is not purely spatial. We approach the problem of understanding hippocampal representations from a reinforcement learning perspective, focusing on what kind of spatial representation is most useful for maximizing future reward. We show that the answer takes the form of a predictive representation. This representation captures many aspects of place cell responses that fall outside the traditional view of a cognitive map. We go on to argue that entorhinal grid cells encode a low-dimensional basis set for the predictive representation, useful for suppressing noise in predictions and extracting multiscale structure for hierarchical planning.
Pappas, Jessica. "Cognitive Deficits and Changes in Ethanol Intake in Offspring of Male Alcoholics." Thesis, Southern Connecticut State University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10688297.
Повний текст джерелаAlcoholism and alcohol use disorders are a major problem worldwide. Excessive alcohol consumption has been associated with cognitive impairment not only in drinkers but also in their offspring. Previous clinical reports have suggested that inherited drug use behavior in individuals, including the overall amount of alcohol consumed, originates from parents who engage in the consumption of alcohol both during and prior to conception. For example, mothers exposed to alcohol during pregnancy have been shown to produce offspring with neurodevelopmental, physiological, and behavioral deficits, in rodents. Additionally, several studies now support the idea that fathers exposed to alcohol prior to mating produce male offspring with developmental, physiological, and cognitive deficits as well. With this said, alcohol exposed fathers appear to pass different phenotypes to their sons than they do their daughters. To date, little research has been dedicated to examining cognitive deficits associated with paternal alcohol exposure or the volume of alcohol intake in daughters of male alcoholics. The purpose of this set of experiments is to explore possible changes in cognitive function and alcohol acceptance in both male and female offspring of alcohol-exposed fathers. Adult male rats were exposed to a repeated binge dose of alcohol and later mated with non-manipulated females. Offspring of exposed fathers were assessed for levels of alcohol consumption via Intraoral Cannulation, followed by a series of cognitive function tests via T-maze task performance. Accuracy percentage within the T- maze and volume of alcohol accepted were compared and analyzed using an ANOVA. Our findings suggest that paternal binge doses of ethanol exposure prior to breeding results in offspring that consume significantly more ethanol than controls, exhibit greater latency time to reach criterion in a T-maze, and having significantly fewer percent correct responses in T-maze task performance when including all trials. The results presented here add to the growing body of literature aimed at understanding the consequences of paternal pre-conception ethanol exposure and the effects on subsequent generations.
Lee, Hyewon. "Microfluidic systems and analytical tools for genetic screening, optogenetics, and neuroimaging of C. elegans." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51935.
Повний текст джерелаVasquez, Betancur Juan Carlos. "Analyse des Statistiques de trains d'Impulsion : Théorie, Implémentation et Applications." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00851209.
Повний текст джерелаPainter, Palak Rajeshkumar. "Quantitative analysis of glycinergic neurons including Ia inhibitory interneurons in the ventral spinal cord using a BAC-GlyT2-eGFP transgenic mouse model." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1347911464.
Повний текст джерелаLovett, Mathew. "Quantitative Assessment of HSP70, IL-1ß and TNF-a in Spinal Fluid and Spinal Cord Sections of Dogs with Histopathologically Confirmed Degenerative Myelopathy and Control Dogs." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366561072.
Повний текст джерелаLebois, Alice. "Brain microstructure mapping using quantitative and diffsusion MRI." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01063198.
Повний текст джерелаAdams, Leslie Allen. "Identification of early stress in a zebrafish model of familial ALS." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1375373734.
Повний текст джерелаZeidler, Cameron Fitzpatrick. "Psychoneuroimmunology: Enhancing Treatment Efficacy and Reducing Sexual Offender Recidivism In Court-Mandated Treatment." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch147609874194315.
Повний текст джерелаMani, Meenakshi. "Quantitative Analysis of Open Curves in Brain Imaging: Applications to White Matter Fibers and Sulci." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00851505.
Повний текст джерелаDunne, Nivek. "Evaluation of psychology clinicians' attitudes towards computerised cognitive behaviour therapy, for use in their future clinical practice, with regard to treating those suffering from anxiety and depression." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1503328670275243.
Повний текст джерелаMeissner, Nancy A. Meissner. "A Single-Subject Evaluation of Facilitated Communicationin the Completion of School-Assigned Homework." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1521038309724555.
Повний текст джерелаKneip, Katharina. "A Novel Approach to Youth Crime Prevention: Mindfulness Meditation Classes in South African Townships." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-409489.
Повний текст джерелаAnders Westholm har inget med betygssättningen att göra annat än i rent formellt hänseende (examinator). Det är han som rapporterar in och skriver under men i sak är det seminarieledaren som har beslutet i sin hand. Statsvetenskapliga institutet har som princip att skilja på handledning och examination vilket innebär att handledaren inte får vara seminarieledare. Seminarieledare och personen som satt betygget var i det här fallet Sven Oskarsson: Sven.Oskarsson@statsvet.uu.se
Hartsfield, Jane Wall. "A quantitative study of neuronal calcium signaling." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/17684.
Повний текст джерелаHartsfield, Jane Wall. "A quantitative study of neuronal calcium signaling." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/18915.
Повний текст джерела"Surgical Freedom in Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery: Quantitative Analysis for Endoscopic Approaches." Doctoral diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.24890.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Neuroscience 2014
(6848951), Matthew C. Pharris. "Quantitative Models of Calcium-Dependent Protein Signaling in Neuronal Dendritic Spines." Thesis, 2019.
Знайти повний текст джерелаBiochemical signaling at the connections between neurons, called synapses, regulates dynamic shifts in a synapse’s size and connective strength. Called synaptic plasticity, these shifts are initiated by calcium ion (Ca2+) flux into message-receiving structures called dendritic spines. Within dendritic spines, Ca2+ binds sensor proteins such as calmodulin (CaM). Importantly, Ca2+/CaM may bind and activate a wide variety of proteins, which subsequently facilitate signaling pathways regulating the dendritic spine’s size and connective strength.
In this thesis, I use computational models to characterize molecular mechanisms regulating Ca2+-dependent protein signaling within the dendritic spine. Specifically, I explore how Ca2+/CaM differentially activates binding partners and how these binding partners transduce signals downstream. For this, I present deterministic models of Ca2+, CaM, and CaM-dependent proteins, and in analyzing model output I demonstrate in-part that competition for CaM-binding alone may be sufficient to set the Ca2+ frequency-dependence of protein activation. Subsequently, I adapt my deterministic models into particle-based, spatial-stochastic frameworks to quantify how spatial effects influence model output, showing evidence that spatial gradients of Ca2+/CaM may set spatial gradients of activated proteins downstream. Additionally, I incorporate into my models the most detailed model to-date of Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), a multi-subunit protein essential to synaptic plasticity. With this detailed model of CaMKII, my analysis suggests that the many subunits of CaMKII provide avidity effects that significantly increase the protein’s effective affinity for binding partners, particularly Ca2+/CaM. Altogether, this thesis provides a detailed analysis of Ca2+-dependent signaling within dendritic spines, characterizing molecular mechanisms that may be useful for the development of novel therapeutics for patients of neurological disorders.
Provost, Alexander. "The development and application of quantitative approaches to investigate spatial processing improvement and cognitive control." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1063114.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis uses quantitative approaches to process behavioural and neural data in order to understand spatial cognition learning and cognitive control. Quantitative measurement was used to clearly identify two distinct strategies for improvement in the mental rotation task, one a departure from mental transformation, the other improvement of mental rotation. Using data from from an experiment on learning in mental rotation, a quantitative model of mental rotation was developed. The model was able to account for the RT distribution and error rates using an LBA decision model and a scale adjusted gamma distribution to account for rotation time. The following two chapters apply a modified version of a previously established signal processing technique to model the change in cued task-switching ERPs as a function of RT. Using this approach we modeled a switch-specific ERP component that increases with RT prior to target onset, providing evidence for switch-specific proactive control. We then used the same approach to investigate how interference following target onset is dealt with, reporting ERPs that suggest reactive control is actively used to resolve both target conflict and cue related processing. The final chapter extends the modeling approach used in the previous two chapters, by making modifications to the algorithm. This new method was evaluated on a simulated dataset, and then applied to neural data from the mental rotation experiment to demonstrate its utility. Although results were encouraging, more testing and development is necessary to optimise this new technique.
Jain, Anshul. "Interactions between auditory and visual motion mechanisms and the role of attention psychophysics and quantitative models." 2008. http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17503.
Повний текст джерелаGauthier, Claudine. "Quantitative functional neuroimaging of cerebral physiology in healthy aging." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9148.
Повний текст джерелаFunctional MRI (fMRI) studies using the BOLD signal are done under the general assumption that the BOLD signal can be used as a direct index of neuronal activation. Studies of cognitive aging often compare BOLD signal amplitude and extent directly between younger and older groups, with the additional assumption that the relationship between neuronal activity and the hemodynamic response is unchanged across the lifespan. However, BOLD signal arises from an ambiguous mixture of changes in oxidative metabolism, blood flow and blood volume. Furthermore, previous studies have shown that several BOLD signal components may be changed during aging. More physiologically-specific information on blood flow and oxidative metabolism would allow a better understanding of these signal changes and of the physiological and cognitive changes seen with aging. The work presented here demonstrates techniques to estimate oxidative metabolism at rest and during performance of a task. These techniques are extensions of previous calibrated fMRI methods and the first method presented is based on a generalization of previous models to take into account both arbitrary changes in blood flow and blood O2 content. The improved robustness and accuracy of this method, when used with a combined hypercapnia and hyperoxia breathing manipulation, is demonstrated in visual cortex and grey matter. The second technique presented builds on the generalization of the model and uses a combination of breathing manipulations including hypercapnia, hyperoxia and both simultaneously, to obtain experimentally-determined values of resting oxygen extraction fraction and oxidative metabolism. In the second part of this thesis, age-related vascular and metabolic changes are explored in a group of younger and older adults using a calibrated fMRI framework with a hypercapnia breathing manipulation and a modified Stroop task. Changes in baseline blood flow, vascular reactivity to the CO2 challenge and calibration parameter M were identified in the older participants. Potential biases in BOLD signal measurements in older adults arising from these physiological changes are discussed. Finally, the relationship between these cerebral changes and performance on the modified Stroop task, central vascular health and cardiovascular fitness are explored. The results of this thesis support the hypothesis that greater cardiovascular fitness is associated with improvements in central vascular function, contributing in turn to improved brain vascular health and cognition.
Bouferguene, Sabrina. "L’effet de l’âge et de la douleur chronique sur le profil sensoriel des adultes ayant survécu à un traumatisme craniocérébral modéré à sévère." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22802.
Повний текст джерелаHacker, Julia Liao. "Qualitative and quantitative analysis of cortical type gradients in the human prefrontal cortex." Thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/37012.
Повний текст джерелаBautista, Alvarez Julied Fernanda. "Quantitative cytoarchitecture and distribution of ihibitory neurons in the posterior orbitofrontal cortex of the human brain." Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/32734.
Повний текст джерелаMatlis, Sean Eben Hill. "Functional network and spectral analysis of clinical EEG data to identify quantitative biomarkers and classify brain disorders." Thesis, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/19059.
Повний текст джерелаWoehler, Andrew T. "Quantitative analysis of Förster resonance energy transfer from spectrally resolved fluorescence measurements." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B51B-F.
Повний текст джерелаThorn, Emily. "A quantitative analysis of thalamocortical white matter development in benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes (BECTS)." Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/33036.
Повний текст джерелаToloe, Johan. "Effects of α/β/γ-Synuclein overexpression on the mitochondria and viability of neurons, examined using genetically encoded fluorescent sensors". Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0023-98DB-7.
Повний текст джерелаGkanatsiou, Eleni. "Development of an assay to monitor the role of Serum Amyloid P-component in Alzheimer's Disease." Thesis, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-297654.
Повний текст джерелаWeigel, Arwed. "Quantitation Strategies in Optically Sectioning Fluorescence Microscopy." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B4ED-5.
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