Дисертації з теми "Quantitative and logical reasoning"
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Videla, Santiago. "Reasoning on the response of logical signaling networks with answer set programming." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2014. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2014/7189/.
Повний текст джерелаDeciphering the functioning of biological networks is one of the central tasks in systems biology. In particular, signal transduction networks are crucial for the understanding of the cellular response to external and internal perturbations. Importantly, in order to cope with the complexity of these networks, mathematical and computational modeling is required. We propose a computational modeling framework in order to achieve more robust discoveries in the context of logical signaling networks. More precisely, we focus on modeling the response of logical signaling networks by means of automated reasoning using Answer Set Programming (ASP). ASP provides a declarative language for modeling various knowledge representation and reasoning problems. Moreover, available ASP solvers provide several reasoning modes for assessing the multitude of answer sets. Therefore, leveraging its rich modeling language and its highly efficient solving capacities, we use ASP to address three challenging problems in the context of logical signaling networks: learning of (Boolean) logical networks, experimental design, and identification of intervention strategies. Overall, the contribution of this thesis is three-fold. Firstly, we introduce a mathematical framework for characterizing and reasoning on the response of logical signaling networks. Secondly, we contribute to a growing list of successful applications of ASP in systems biology. Thirdly, we present a software providing a complete pipeline for automated reasoning on the response of logical signaling networks.
Dias, M. G. "Logical reasoning." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233533.
Повний текст джерелаAndersson, Robin. "Implementation av ett kunskapsbas system för rough set theory med kvantitativa mätningar." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1756.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis presents the implementation of a knowledge base system for rough sets [Paw92]within the logic programming framework. The combination of rough set theory with logic programming is a novel approach. The presented implementation serves as a prototype system for the ideas presented in [VDM03a, VDM03b]. The system is available at "http://www.ida.liu.se/rkbs".
The presented language for describing knowledge in the rough knowledge base caters for implicit definition of rough sets by combining different regions (e.g. upper approximation, lower approximation, boundary) of other defined rough sets. The rough knowledge base system also provides methods for querying the knowledge base and methods for computing quantitative measures.
We test the implemented system on a medium sized application example to illustrate the usefulness of the system and the incorporated language. We also provide performance measurements of the system.
Leevers, Hilary Janet. "Children's logical reasoning." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362050.
Повний текст джерелаKouri, Teresa. "Logical Instrumentalism." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1472751856.
Повний текст джерелаCarbin, Michael (Michael James). "Logical reasoning for approximate and unreliable computation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99813.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 343-350).
Improving program performance and resilience are long-standing goals. Traditional approaches include a variety of transformation, compilation, and runtime techniques that share the common property that the resulting program has the same semantics as the original program. However, researchers have recently proposed a variety of new techniques that set aside this traditional restriction and instead exploit opportunities to change the semantics of programs to improve performance and resilience. Techniques include skipping portions of a program's computation, selecting different implementations of program's subcomputations, executing programs on unreliable hardware, and synthesizing values to enable programs to skip or execute through otherwise fatal errors. A major barrier to the acceptance these techniques in both the broader research community and in industrial practice is the challenge that the resulting programs may exhibit behaviors that differ from that of the original program, potentially jeopardizing the program's resilience, safety, and accuracy. This thesis presents the first general programming systems for precisely verifying and reasoning about the programs that result from these techniques. This thesis presents a programming language and program logic for verifying worst-case properties of a transformed program. Specifically the framework, enables verifying that a transformed program satisfies important assertions about its safety (e.g., that it does not access invalid memory) and accuracy (e.g., that it returns a result within a bounded distance of that of the original program). This thesis also presents a programming language and automated analysis for verifying a program's quantitative reliability - the probability the transformed program returns the same result as the original program - when executed on unreliable hardware. The results of this thesis, which include programming languages, program logics, program analysis, and applications thereof, present the first steps toward reaping the benefits of changing the semantics of programs in a beneficial yet principled way.
by Michael James Carbin.
Ph. D.
Romo, Maria Susanna 1968. "Cultural differences in memory and logical reasoning." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291706.
Повний текст джерелаRajaratnam, David Computer Science & Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Logical approximation and compilation for resource-bounded reasoning." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Computer Science & Engineering, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41296.
Повний текст джерелаBennett, Brandon. "Logical representations for automated reasoning about spatial relationships." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1997. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1271/.
Повний текст джерелаCaruso, Matteo. "On logical quantitative methods in politics." Thesis, IMT Alti Studi Lucca, 2021. http://e-theses.imtlucca.it/337/1/Caruso_phdthesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPardi, Beth Ann. "Logical reasoning: an examination of age, schooling, and gender differences." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1407486118.
Повний текст джерелаGrimaud, Christel. "Logical modelling of reasoning and learning : a bio-inspired approach." Thesis, Lille 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL30026/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this dissertation, we take inspiration in cognitive sciences to address the issue of the logical modelling of reasoning and learning. Our main thrust is that to address these issues one should take inspiration in the way natural agents (i.e., humans and animals) actually proceed when they draw inferences and learn. Considering that reasoning incorporates a wide range of cognitive abilities, and that it would thus be unreasonable to hope to model the whole of human’s reasoning all at once, we focus here on a very basic kind of inferences that, we argue, can be considered as the primary core of reasoning in all brained animals. We identify a plausible underlying process for these inferences, first at the mental level of description and then at the neural level, and we develop a family of logical models that allow to simulate it. Then we tackle the issue of providing sets of rules to characterise the inference relations induced by these models. These rules are a by-product of the posited process, and should thus be seen as rules that, according to the model, result from the very functioning of brains. Finally we examine the learning processes attached to the considered inferences, and we show how to they can be modelled within our framework. To conclude we briefly discuss possible further developments of the framework, and in particular we give indications about how the modelling of some other cognitive abilities might be envisioned
Shet, Vinay Damodar. "Bilattice based logical reasoning for automated visual surveillance and other applications." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/6715.
Повний текст джерелаThesis research directed by: Computer Science. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
Nelson, Mark J. "Representing and reasoning about videogame mechanics for automated design support." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53875.
Повний текст джерелаRyan, Patrice M. (Patrice Marie). "Revision of the Logical Reasoning Subtest of the California Test of Mental Maturity." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501061/.
Повний текст джерелаKish, David A. "Developing a Quantitative Reasoning Course for College Consumption." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492730019199161.
Повний текст джерелаHo, Ngoc Duc. "Resource-Bounded Reasoning about Knowledge." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-36935.
Повний текст джерелаOne of the principal goals of agent theories is to describe realistic, implementable agents, that is, those which have actually been constructed or are at least in principle implementable. That goal cannot be reached if the inherent resource-boundedness of agents is not treated correctly. Since the modal approach to epistemic logic is not suited to formalize resource-bounded reasoning, the issue of resource-boundedness remains one of the main foundational problems of any agent theory that is developed on the basis of modal epistemic logic. My work is an attempt to provide theories of agency with a more adequate epistemic foundation. It aims at developing theories of mental concepts that make much more realistic assumptions about agents than other theories. The guiding principle of my theory is that the capacities attributed to agents must be empirically verifiable, that is, it must be possible to construct artificial agents which satisfy the specifications determined by the theory. As a consequence, the unrealistic assumption that agents have unlimited reasoning capacities must be rejected. To achieve the goal of describing resource-bounded agents accurately, the cost of reasoning must be taken seriously. In the thesis I have developed a framework for modeling the relationship between knowledge, reasoning, and the availability of resources. I have argued that the correct form of an axiom for epistemic logic should be: if an agent knows all premises of a valid inference rule and if he performs the right reasoning, then he will know the conclusion as well. Because reasoning requires resources, it cannot be safely assumed that the agent can compute his knowledge if he does not have enough resources to perform the required reasoning. I have demonstrated that on the basis of that idea, the problems of traditional approaches can be avoided and rich epistemic logics can be developed which can account adequately for our intuitions about knowledge
Martín, Salguero Ana María. "Behavioral and neural correlates of logical inferences." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671350.
Повний текст джерелаEl objetivo de esta tesis es el de explorar correlatos conductuales y neuropsicológicos de procesos deductivos básicos en bebés y adultos. Para ello diseñamos un tarea no verbal novedosa que consiste en la presentación de escenas que contienen una ambigüedad y puede ser resulta mediante la aplicación de una regla lógica básica (A o B, no A, entonces B). A través de varios estudios, identificamos respuestas oculomotoras asociadas a la realización de una inferencia lógica sustancialmente estables a lo largo del desarrollo, esto indica que algunas reglas lógicas pueden ser parte del núcleo de la cognición humana y ocurrir independientemente del lenguaje. Segundo, para aclarar la naturaleza de este proceso, realizamos estudios de imagen funcional para describir las areas cerebrales implicadas en procesos elementales de deducción no verbal. En adultos, un estudio basado en fMRI, mostró actividad en áreas prefrontales and occipitales asociada a los procesos de representación lógica, y actividad fronto-parietal asociada a la realización de inferencias lógicas, indicando que incluso el razonamiento no verbal está compuesto por una cascada de procesos de naturaleza diferente. Un estudio de fNIRS en bebés de 12 meses reveló un perfil de activación bilateral y más extendido en relación a los adultos, con respuestas oculomotoras que señalan el coste asociado a los dos componentes lógicos. Nuestros resultados muestran que el razonamiento no verbal es un proceso con múltiples componentes en gran medida similar a lo largo del desarrollo, quizá sometido a una reorganización neuronal desde la infancia a la edad adulta.
Cockerton-Turner, Tracey. "Child-computer interaction and the value of help facilities in promoting logical reasoning performance." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292509.
Повний текст джерелаEsterhuizen, H. L. "Linguistics + Mathematics = twins." Interim : Interdisciplinary Journal, Vol 7, Issue 1 :Central University of Technology Free State Bloemfontein, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/379.
Повний текст джерелаLanguage and Mathematics are both so-called "tools" that are used by other disciplines to explain / describe phenomena in those disciplines, but they are scientific disciplines in their own right. Language is a system of symbols, but so is Mathematics. These symbols carry meaning or value. Both originate in the human mind and are then translated into messages of logic. What is important are the relationships between units that are inherent to both disciplines. In practicing the two disciplines, there are elements that correspond. These are a vocabulary, grammar, a community and meaning. Psycholinguists and psychologists are interested in the role that language might have in enabling other functions in the human cognitive repertoire. Some argue that language is a prerequisite for a whole range of intellectual activities, including mathematics. They claim that mathematical structures are, in a way, parasitic on the human linguistic faculty. Some evidence for the language: maths connection comes from neurology. Functional imaging studies of the brain show increased activation of the language areas as certain mathematical tasks / challenges are performed. Lesions to a certain part of the brain impair both the linguistic as well as the mathematical ability. We are looking at a fundamentally shared enterprise, a deeply interwoven development of numerical and linguistic aspects. This co-evolution of number concepts and number words suggests that it is no accident that the same species that possesses the language faculty as a unique trait, should also be the one that developed a systematic concept of number.
El-Shafei, Nayel S. "Quantitative discovery and qualitative reasoning about failure mechanisms in pavement." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44656.
Повний текст джерелаMICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING
Includes index.
Bibliography: leaves 101-109.
by Nayel S. el-Shafei.
M.S.
Loch-Dehbi, Sandra [Verfasser]. "Algebraic, logical and stochastic reasoning for the automatic prediction of 3d building structures / Sandra Loch-Dehbi." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1227990502/34.
Повний текст джерелаEdwards, Marion. "A semi-quantitative approach to representation and reasoning for expert systems." Thesis, University of Kent, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359145.
Повний текст джерелаRoddis, W. M. Kim. "Heuristic, qualitative, and quantitative reasoning about steel bridge fatigue and fracture." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69700.
Повний текст джерелаMcCoy, Stephen Alexander. "Combining qualitative and quantitative reasoning to support hazard identification by computer." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/25406.
Повний текст джерелаVidela, Santiago [Verfasser], and Torsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Schaub. "Reasoning on the response of logical signaling networks with answer set programming / Santiago Videla. Betreuer: Torsten Schaub." Potsdam : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Potsdam, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1058253263/34.
Повний текст джерелаRosa, Leandro Viana da. "Jogos lógicos no Ensino Fundamental." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/157534.
Повний текст джерелаThe present research has focused on the introduction of the logical games in the class. It aims to pin point difficulties presented by the students on the different styles of games proposed and a logical ratiocination is required to solve the tasks proposed. The benefits of the games along with the teaching and learning in the classroom was the goal. Additionally, the geometric segment of board games have been investigated and students used tools as ruler and compass to the construction of the boards presented. Therefore, the chosen researching methodology was the Case Study, according to Fiorentini e Lorenzato (2006), Ventura (2007) e Gil (2002). The theoretical referential is based on Works from Macedo (2007), Grando (2011), Skovsmose (2000), Huizinga (2000), Kishimoto (2006), Zuin (2001), along with the PCNs and others articles/books related to logical games and geometric constructions with a ruler and a compass. The activities were performed by a 9th grade group of the Elementary School in a Municipal School in Porto Alegre, in 2015. We showed in particular that is possible the insertion of these materials in order to be used as a sustenance tool on Mathematics Learning contributing positively to students formation. The data collected in the case study enabled the authentication of the proposal.
Straube, Christian. "A Process Model for the Integrated Reasoning about Quantitative IT Infrastructure Attributes." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-180942.
Повний текст джерелаIT-Infrastrukturen können mit Attributen, wie Leistung und Energieeffizienz, quantitativ beschrieben werden. Nutzungsbedarfsänderungen und ökonomische Bestrebungen erfordern Kurz- und Langfristentscheidungen zur Anpassung einer IT-Infrastruktur und insbesondere ihre Attribute an dieses dynamische Umfeld. Potentielle Attribut-Zielkonflikte sowie die zentrale Rolle von IT-Infrastrukturen erfordern eine Entscheidungsfindung mittels Reasoning, einem Prozess, der Rückschlüsse (rein) aus Fakten und Prämissen zieht. Die Fokussierung auf spezifische Teile einer IT-Infrastruktur sowie die Beschränkung auf (sehr) wenige Attribute disqualifizieren bestehende Reasoning-Ansätze für dieses Vorhaben, da sie weder das komplexe Zusammenspiel von IT-Infrastruktur-Komponenten, noch Abhängigkeiten zwischen und innerhalb einzelner Attribute ausreichend berücksichtigen können. Diese Arbeit präsentiert ein Prozessmodell für das integrierte Reasoning über quantitative IT-Infrastruktur-Attribute. Die grundlegende Idee des Prozessmodells ist die Herleitung einer individuellen Reasoning-Funktion, einer mathematischen Abbildung von Einfluss- und Modifikationsparametern auf einen Attributvektor. Die Herleitung basiert auf der Integration bestehender (Attribut-)Modelle, um von deren Spezialisierung, Reife und Verbreitung profitieren zu können. Die erzielte Reasoning-Funktion verarbeitet ein individuelles Tupel aus IT-Infrastruktur-Komponenten, Attributen und externen Einflussfaktoren, um eine breite Anwendbarkeit zu gewährleisten. Das Prozessmodell formalisiert ein Reasoning-Vorhaben in drei Phasen. Zunächst werden die Reasoning-Ziele und -Parameter in einer Reasoning-Suite gesammelt und in einem Reasoning-Funktions-Gerüst formalisiert. Anschließend wird das Gerüst entsprechend den Vorgaben der Reasoning-Suite iterativ verfeinert. Abschließend wird die hergeleitete Reasoning-Funktion verwendet, um mittels “What-if”–Analysen, Optimierungsverfahren oder deskriptiver Statistik das Reasoning durchzuführen. Das Prozessmodell enthält fünf Template-Klassen, die den Prozess formalisieren, um Reproduzierbarkeit zu gewährleisten und Fehleranfälligkeit zu reduzieren. Das Prozessmodell wird auf drei Arten validiert. Ein kontrolliertes Experiment zeigt die Durchführbarkeit des Prozessmodells anhand des Reasonings zur Leistung und Energieeffizienz eines Raspberry Pi Clusters. Eine Anforderungsanalyse an einem Superrechner und an der europaweiten Ausführung von Hydro-Meteorologie-Modellen erläutert gemeinsam mit der Betrachtung verwandter Arbeiten den Innovationsgrad des Prozessmodells. Potentielle Erweiterungen nutzen die vorbereiteten Automatisierungsansätze, integrieren menschliche Faktoren, und generieren Modifikationsempfehlungen basierend auf Reasoning-Ergebnissen.
Skuzenski, Derek. "Emergency Responder Causal Reasoning Impact." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3007.
Повний текст джерелаVander, Wood Melissa Ann. "Actual and self-assessed performance on a logical reasoning task after a night of total or partial sleep deprivation." Connect to this title online, 2008. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1211388594/.
Повний текст джерелаNguyen, Vinh Thi Kim. "Semantic Web Foundations for Representing, Reasoning, and Traversing Contextualized Knowledge Graphs." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1516147861789615.
Повний текст джерелаOrton, Judy. "Ecology-Centered Experiences Among Children and Adolescents: A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2013. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/epse_diss/88.
Повний текст джерелаHowarth, Elizabeth. "New rationality principles in pure inductive logic." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/new-rationality-principles-in-pure-inductive-logic(e23d028f-c3e9-47b1-a5a0-289027f4d97f).html.
Повний текст джерелаStraube, Christian [Verfasser]. "A Process Model for the Integrated Reasoning about Quantitative IT Infrastructure Attributes / Christian Straube." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1069019925/34.
Повний текст джерелаRobinson, Kelly Denise. "A Case Study of Integrative Agricultural Education: Integrating Mathematics to Develop Students Quantitative Reasoning." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/85861.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Schreiner, Martin. "Managing purchasing efficacy through reasoning : an action research on the impact of the TOC logical thinking processes to increase purchasing efficacy." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2018. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/849842/.
Повний текст джерелаHall, Mark. "Modelling and reasoning with quantitative representations of vague spatial language used in photographic image captions." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.617675.
Повний текст джерелаAhn, Ki Yung. "The Nax Language: Unifying Functional Programming and Logical Reasoning in a Language based on Mendler-style Recursion Schemes and Term-indexed Types." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2088.
Повний текст джерелаGottardis, L. "Deaf primary school children's achievement in mathematics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:13f90aa3-c27e-46e2-a6b6-3db04de3712f.
Повний текст джерелаVreeland, Peter Michael. "The Use of Qualitative Representations with Ranking Task Exercises in Physics." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/165038.
Повний текст джерелаEd.D.
This study examined the use of ranking task exercises in physics as a means to elicit student's quantitative and/or qualitative understanding of four different physics concepts. Each ranking task exercise in physics asked students to examine several different scenarios that contain a number of quantitative features and then arrange the scenarios in an ordered sequence according to some other quantitative feature. In this study, students completed four different ranking task exercises as part of their coursework in their high school physics class. The responses of students to these ranking task exercises were scored, analyzed, and categorized according to the extent to which a student's response was primarily quantitative or primarily qualitative in nature. The results show that while students relied on a combination of both qualitative and quantitative representations as they completed the exercises, the majority of students used qualitative representations in their solutions to the ranking task exercises in physics. While the students' qualitative and quantitative representations supported the students' rankings of the scenarios in each ranking task exercise, the qualitative representations used by the students provided insight into the student's current understanding of the physics concepts being investigated. The findings suggest that regardless of the representation used by the student to complete the ranking task exercise, students had difficulty in correctly ranking the scenarios in all of the ranking task exercises used in this study. While the students used both quantitative and qualitative representations in their solutions to ranking task exercises in physics that contained two quantitative variables, the study found that students relied exclusively on qualitative representations in their solutions to the ranking task exercise in physics that contained four quantitative variables.
Temple University--Theses
Heyninck, Jesse [Verfasser], Christian [Gutachter] Straßer, and Ofer [Gutachter] Arieli. "Investigations into the logical foundations of defeasible reasoning : an argumentative perspective / Jesse Heyninck ; Gutachter: Christian Straßer, Ofer Arieli ; Fakultät für Philosophie und Erziehungswissenschaft." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1187523003/34.
Повний текст джерелаLiao, Shih-Chieh. "How logical reasoning ability and empirical knowledge interact in the process of solving problems about light and vision among Taiwanese secondary school students." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280194.
Повний текст джерелаStraube, Christian [Verfasser], and Dieter [Akademischer Betreuer] Kranzlmüller. "A Process Model for the Integrated Reasoning about Quantitative IT Infrastructure Attributes / Christian Straube. Betreuer: Dieter Kranzlmüller." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1069743550/34.
Повний текст джерелаCornelio, Cristina. "Preference reasoning and aggregation over combinatorial domains in uncertain and multi-agent scenarios." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3427129.
Повний текст джерелаLe preferenze, intese come opinioni di utenti su un insieme di oggetti, sono ampiamente presenti nelle nostre vite e recentemente sono diventate molto studiate in Intelligenza Artificiale. In molti contesti della nostra vita, non consideriamo gli oggetti come entità atomiche, ma consideriamo un insieme di caratteristiche/attributi che le caratterizzano e che interagiscono tra di loro. Siamo dunque particolarmente interessati in questi tipi di scenario: preferenze condizionali su domini combinatori e multi-attributo. L’abilità di rappresentare le preferenze in maniera compatta è essenziale, in particolare nel contesto di modellazione e ragionamento con preferenze multi-attributo, in presente un esplosione combinatoria di informazione che causa un alto costo computazionale. A questo scopo sono state sviluppate in letteratura una serie di linguaggi di rappresentazione compatta. In questa tesi ci focalizziamo inizialmente su un modello grafico di rappresentazione delle preferenze condizionali: le conditional preference networks (CP-nets). Analizziamo quindi i vantaggi e gli svantaggi delle CP-net concentrandoci su scenari incerti e multi-agente. Gli scenari reali sono spesso dinamici e incerti: un utente può cambiare le sue idee nel tempo e le sue preferenze potrebbero essere affette da errori o rumore. In questa tesi proponiamo una nuova strutture chiamata PCP-net (probabilistic conditional preference networks), generalizzazione delle CP-net, capace di rispondere ai cambiamenti attraverso aggiornamenti e di supportare informazione probabilistica. Le PCP-net possono essere usate anche per rappresentare i contesti multi-agente dove ogni agente è rappresentato da una CP-net e le probabilità vengono usate per riconciliare i conflitti tra gli utenti. In questa tesi analizziamo anche un altro linguaggio di rappresentazione compatta, simile alle CP-net: i vincoli soft. I vincoli soft sono meno restrittivi rispetto alle CP-net, ma le complessità computazionali rimangono le stesse per i task principali. Per questo motivo, ripensiamo lo scenario multi-agente usando un profilo di agenti che esprimono le loro preferenze attraverso vincoli soft, invece che tramite una collezione di CP-net poi aggregate in una PCP-net. La letteratura riguardante le CP-net presenta anche molte altre generalizzazioni, poichè le CP-net sono per certi versi restrittive e limitate nell’espressività. Ad esempio, le CP-net sono state estese con vincoli, con inconsistenza locale e incompletezza (GCP-net), con funzioni di utilità (UCP-net), etc. Sono dunque stati sviluppati molti formalismi differenti per descrivere le preferenze condizionali e ognuno di essi ha una sintassi e una semantica ah hoc e algoritmi specifici. In questa tesi specifichiamo un nuovo framework con lo scopo di unificare tutti questi modelli. La forza della nostra formulazione è la diretta espressione del modello in logica standard al primo ordine, come una teoria Datalog vincolata. Questa formulazione è ricca abbastanza da esprimere le CP-nets e tutte le sue estensioni. Concludiamo la tesi, studiando un applicazione delle preferenze in un scenario reale. Analizziamo come migliorare gli algoritmi di scambi di reni aumentando il numero di trapianti e di durata di vita aspettata, fornendo alcuni risultati incoraggianti. Quindi forniamo anche alcune idee preliminari riguardo a come incorporare le preferenze nelle procedure di matching attualmente utilizzate.
Vidigal, Mário Fernando Ramalhete. "Os desvios de raciocínio por efeito da forma e do conteúdo e a complementaridade explicativa das teorias cognitivas e sociais." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/1016.
Повний текст джерелаBattell, Chelsea. "The Logic of Hereditary Harrop Formulas as a Specification Logic for Hybrid." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35264.
Повний текст джерелаSilva, Nilton Miguel da, and 21-98715-0469. "Motivação para aprendizagem Matemática: uma experiência inspiradora." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2018. https://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/6300.
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D'Ambrósio (1996, p.29) points out “that Mathematic programs are often outdated, obsolete and out of context. Due to this more and more students find it difficult to be motivated about this crystallized science.” In the present work, we seek to present proposals for challenging activities, where students are encouraged to think in an autonomous way. To create, to experiment, to establish strategies and to reach solutions. Different from the classroom, where one usually presents ready and finished work, making it only a copy of the method or the technique.
D’Ambrósio (1996, p.29) aponta que “os programas de Matemática consistem em coisas acabadas, mortas e absolutamente fora do contexto e com isso, torna-se casa vez mais difícil motivar alunos para uma ciência tão cristalizada.” No presente trabalho, buscamos apresentar propostas de atividades desafiadoras, em que os alunos são encorajados a pensar de maneira autônoma, a criar, a experimentar, a estabelecer as estratégias para chegar às soluções. Diferente da sala de aula onde, normalmente, se apresenta conhecimentos prontos e acabados, tornando-o apenas reprodutor de métodos e técnicas.
Escobar, Rozas Freddy. "Leibniz, the Science and the Civil Code." IUS ET VERITAS, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122768.
Повний текст джерелаEl presente artículo aborda la temática sobre las diferencias entre los cuerpos normativos antiguos y los Códigos Civiles actuales. El autor realiza un análisis desde la época Medieval hasta la actualidad para evidenciar el cambio y la evolución que hicieron los pensadores para aplicar el método geométrico al Derecho y la forma de configurar de las normas en el Civil Law. Asimismo, se reconoce y analiza los aportes de los escritores y pensadores europeos, que impulsaron la Revolución Científica del siglo XVII, en especial la obra del abogado Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.
De, Felice Giorgio [Verfasser], Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Freksa, and Chris S. [Akademischer Betreuer] Renschler. "Reasoning with Mixed Qualitative-Quantitative Representations of Spatial Knowledge / Giorgio De Felice. Gutachter: Christian Freksa ; Chris S. Renschler. Betreuer: Christian Freksa." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1072156024/34.
Повний текст джерелаGuimarães, Joelma. "Matemática escolar, raciocínio lógico e a construção do "bom aluno" em matemática." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2009. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/1990.
Повний текст джерелаNenhuma
A dissertação tem por objetivo problematizar como professoras de uma escola estadual do município de Esteio, situado na região metropolitana da capital do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, descrevem a aprendizagem da matemática escolar e, em particular, o raciocínio lógico de seus alunos. Os aportes teóricos vinculam-se ao pensamento pós-estruturalista, especialmente a algumas formulações do filósofo Michel Foucault e a ideias presentes na obra Discurso do Método, de René Descartes, principalmente aquelas ligadas à ordenação do pensamento. O material de pesquisa está constituído por documentos avaliativos da escola, em especial por 58 pareceres descritivos elaborados por cinco professoras dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental da instituição estudada, e por entrevistas que com elas foram realizadas. As entrevistas foram gravadas e posteriormente transcritas. A análise do material de pesquisa possibilitou: mostrar as ressonâncias das ideias cartesianas como condutoras das condutas dos sujeitos escolares na contem
This dissertation aims at problematizing how teachers from a state school in Esteio, a town located in the metropolitan region surrounding the capital of Rio Grande do Sul, describe the learning of school mathematics, particularly their students’ logical reasoning. The theoretical bases of this investigation have been linked to the poststructuralist thought, following some formulations of Michel Foucault, and ideas from Discourse on Method, by René Descartes, mainly those linked to thought ordering. Evaluation documents of the school studied, especially 58 descriptive evaluations written by five teachers of elementary school, as well as interviews with these teachers have constituted the research material. The interviews were recorded and later transcribed. The analysis of the research material has allowed for: showing the resonances of Cartesian ideas as conducting the conducts of school subjects in contemporaneity; reflecting upon relationships between Mathematics as a foundation of reasoning and its ma