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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "QTL de résistance"
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Статті в журналах з теми "QTL de résistance"
Thio, Ibié G., Nofou Ouedraogo, Serge W. F. M. Zida, Joseph T. B. Batieno, Elisabeth P. Zida, Jean Baptiste Tignegre, Jeremy T. Ouedraogo, et al. "Confirmation de QTL et validation de marqueurs SNPs associés à la résistance du niébé à Colletotrichum capsici, agent responsable de la maladie des taches brunes." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, no. 3 (September 7, 2021): 909–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i3.6.
Повний текст джерелаBOICHARD, D., C. GROHS, F. BOURGEOIS, F. CERQUEIRA, R. FAUGERAS, A. NEAU, D. MILAN, et al. "La recherche de QTL à l’aide de marqueurs : résultats chez les bovins laitiers." INRAE Productions Animales 13, HS (December 22, 2000): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2000.13.hs.3841.
Повний текст джерелаPINARD-VAN DER LAAN, M. H. "La recherche de QTL à l’aide de marqueurs : projets et résultats chez le mouton et la poule." INRAE Productions Animales 13, HS (December 22, 2000): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2000.13.hs.3843.
Повний текст джерелаVILOTTE, J. L. "Variabilité génétique de la résistance aux Encéphalopathies Spongiformes Transmissibles chez l’animal." INRAE Productions Animales 17, HS (December 20, 2004): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2004.17.hs.3629.
Повний текст джерелаGARREAU, Hervé, and Mélanie GUNIA. "La génomique du lapin : avancées, applications et perspectives." INRA Productions Animales 31, no. 1 (June 11, 2018): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2018.31.1.2222.
Повний текст джерелаStrobbe, Caroline. "De Cloporte en Janus : sur quelques représentations du portier dans la caricature française du XIXe siècle." Quêtes littéraires, no. 10 (December 30, 2020): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/ql.11532.
Повний текст джерелаDoherty, Ryan Atticus. "« Une impression posthume des sensations d’autrefois » : le jeu nostalgique dans La Décadence latine de Joséphin Péladan." Quêtes littéraires, no. 13 (December 30, 2023): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/ql.16861.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "QTL de résistance"
Mukhaimar, Maisara. "Sources naturelles de la résistance contre les nématodes à galles Meloidogyne javanica chez la plante modèle Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112033/document.
Повний текст джерелаPlant-parasitic nematodes are a serious threat for global food production. They are responsible for 14% of global yield loss, equivalent to an economic value of more than 100 billion US$ per year. Pest management is challenging, in particular since the most efficient nematicide has been banned due to its devastating effect on the environment. Hence, novel sources for nematode management are urgently required. This work investigates whether the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana could serve as a natural source for resistance genes against plant-parasitic nematodes. It finds natural genetic variation among Arabidopsis accessions for resistance against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica, identifies several QTL for nematode resistance, and fine-maps one of these resistance QTL
Didier, Jean-Patrick. "Etude de la résistance du colza (Brassica napus) au Phoma (Leptosphaeria maculans) : étude des populations du pathogène et cartographie génétique des QTL impliqués dans la résistance." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066194.
Повний текст джерелаLavaud, Clément. "Diversité et combinaison des modes d'actions des QTL de résistance à Aphanomyces euteiches chez le pois." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NSARC121/document.
Повний текст джерелаKnowledge of the effects and action modes of resistance QTL to plant diseases is a major challenge for the durable use of genetic resistances in agriculture. In the pea/Aphanomyces euteiches pathosystem, which has a major economic importance, the aim of this study was to validate the single or combined effects of main resistance QTL, and study their action modes on steps of the pathogen life cycle. A total of 157 pea NILs (Near Isogenic Lines) created by Marker-Assisted Back-crossing and carrying no, one, two or three of the seven main resistance QTL previously identified, was genotyped using a 15K SNPs array and evaluated for resistance. The NILs carrying major-effect QTL, individually or in combination with minor-effect QTL, had increased levels of partial resistance in controlledconditions and in the field compared to NILs without QTL, in different genetic backgrounds. Several NILs carrying single or multiple minor-effect QTL also showed reduced levels of disease severity in one or the two test conditions. Most of the QTL had significant effects on slowing down infection and/or pathogen DNA quantity which had colonized the root for seven days after inoculation. This study gives tools and information for the choice of resistance QTL to use in pyramiding breeding strategies for increasing partial levels of resistance to A. euteiches in future pea varieties
Mougou, Amira. "Interaction Chêne-oïdium : caractérisation moléculaire et adaptation locale du parasite, résistance génétique de l’hôte." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13820/document.
Повний текст джерелаPowdery mildew is the most common disease on oaks in Europe where it was first recorded at the beginning of the 20th century. Yet, little is known about the identity of the causal agent and his interaction with its host. The objective of this study was: (1) to characterize the species responsible of oak powdery mildew with a molecular marker (ribosomal DNA); to study the spatial distribution of these different lineages and (2) to study local adaptation of the parasite to its host (3) to explore the genetic determinism of host resistance. The study of the ITS (internal transcribed region) and IGS (intergenic spacer) diversity revealed the existence of four haplotypes, only three had been already associated with oak powdery mildew in Europe. Erysiphe alphitoïdes, for a long time considered as sole responsible for the epidemic of the XXth century, was the predominant species (~ 80% of detections), E. hypophylla and Phyllactinia sp. were detected at lower frequencies. An unexpected result is the detection of a fourth sequence which show 100% homology with ITS sequences of several powdery mildew agents of tropical trees and Erysiphe quercicola, recently described on oak in Asia and Australia but previously unknown in Europe. E. quercicola ITS was detected in all French regions, at a significant frequency (~ 15%). The study showed that E. alphitoides was often found in association with different ITS types in the same region, the same tree, and even in the same lesion. The development of an artificial inoculation method allowed the quantitative evaluation of the oak-powdery mildew interaction. A reciprocal inoculation experiment showed that powdery mildew strains were more efficient on their mother tress and their descendants than on the other trees, suggesting a trans-generational adaptation. Artificial inoculations, supplemented by observations in natural conditions, have also demonstrated a genetic determination of resistance of oak trees, with the identification of several QTL. Some of these QTL co-localize with QTL controlling phenology, in agreement with the importance of oaks ontogenic resistance to powdery mildew. The entire study leads to reconsider oak powdery mildew as a probable complex of cryptic species; the invasion history and the co-existence in Europe are still to be determined. The results achieved on the heritability of resistance and localization of the parasite are a first step in understanding the demo-genetic interactions between host and parasite in this pathosystem
Poque, Sylvain. "Identification de nouveaux mécanismes de résistance au Plum Pox Virus chez Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR21998/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe Plum Pox Virus (PPV) infects Prunus species (stone fruit) and is the causal agent of the Sharka disease. This disease is vastly devastating for fruit and plant productivity and quality. Its cost reaches 10 billions of euros over the last 30 years. Breeding programs have been carried out with the aim to implement resistant cultivars but the number of sources of resistance in Prunus species is rather limited. It has been shown in the laboratory that this virus is able to infect Arabidopsis thaliana with a wide range of response to infection. Indeed, we observed that accessions St-0 and JEA had a resistant behavior, while accession Cvi-1 was partially resistant. Two inoculation methods were compared: mechanical inoculation from Nicotiana benthamiana leaves inoculated with pICPPVnkGFP and agro-inoculation infection from an Agrobacterium strain containing the viral isolate tumesfasciens pBINPPVnkGFP. The use of these two methods of inoculation allows us to highlight variability in the response to PPV depending on the method used. This study aims to identify the factor (s) of the host (s) involved in viral infection. Agro-infection of recombinant populations (F2 and RIL), multi-parental lines and the use of genetic association demonstrate in St-0 and several distinct accessions (seven) a major locus on linkage group 3, called sha3. It appears essential in the long-distance movement of PPV. Use of association genetics helped initiate the fine mapping of sha3 and significantly reduce the number of candidate genes. Screening of mutants was initiated to determine the gene controlling the phenotype Sha3. After mechanical inoculation, the analysis of a recombinant population revealed the presence of a major locus positioned in the middle of the long arm of linkage group 1. This locus co-localizes with rpv1, previously identified in Cvi x Ler offspring (Sicard, Loudet et al. 2008). The same locus was also confirmed with a multi-parental population and by a genetic association approach. A candidate gene is currently being validated in the laboratory. The study of the resistance mechanism carried by the accession JEA was initiated. In this case, it appears that the spread of the virus is inhibited in basal leaves but not in floral stem. The resistance / susceptibility to PPV in JEA appear to be strongly influenced by the physiological stages of the host plant. Further work will be necessary to describe more precisely this resistance mechanism very special. At the end of this thesis, we expect that the identification of these new resistance genes in Arabidopsis allows, after transfer, to increase the diversity of sources of resistance to plum pox virus in fruit trees
Ferreira, David. "Résistance au stress lors de la phase de latence en fermentation œnologique et développement de levures optimisées." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NSAM0051.
Повний текст джерелаAbstract: Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used for millennia to perform wine fermentation due to its endurance and unmatched qualities and is nowadays widely used as wine yeast starter. Nevertheless, at the moment of inoculation, wine yeasts must cope with specific stress factors that can compromise the fermentation start. The objective of this work was to elucidate the metabolic and molecular bases of multi-stress resistance during wine fermentation lag phase. We first characterized a set of commercialized wine yeast strains by focusing on stress factors typically found at this stage in red wines and in white wines. Temperature and osmotic stress had a drastic impact in lag phase for all strains whereas SO2, low lipids and thiamine had a more strain dependent effect. Based on these data, we developed two parallel approaches. Using an evolutionary engineering approach where selective pressures typically present in lag phase were applied, we obtained evolved strains with a shorter lag phase in winemaking conditions. Whole genome sequencing allowed to identify several de novo mutations potentially involved in the evolved phenotype. In parallel, a QTL mapping approach was conducted, combining an intercross strategy, industrial propagation and drying of the progeny populations and selection of the first budding cells by FACS. Both strategies allowed the identification of several allelic variants involved in cell wall, glucose transport, cell cycle and stress resistance, as important in lag phase phenotype. Overall, these results provide a deeper knowledge of the diversity and the genetic bases of yeast adaptation to wine fermentation lag phase and a framework for improving yeast lag phase. Additionally, we showed that K. marxianus has potential for mixed cultures and positive aromatic contributions under oenological conditions, opening new possibilities for further studies.Title: Stress resistance during the lag phase of wine fermentation and development of optimized yeastsKeywords: Wine fermentation, yeast, lag phase, multi-stress resistance, QTL, adaptive evolution, K. marxianus
Bonnet, Julien. "Etude génétique de la résistance aux Phytophthora chez le piment : vers le clonage positionnel du QTL Phy-p5." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX22078.
Повний текст джерелаSalgon, Sylvia. "Déterminisme génétique de la résistance au flétrissement bactérien chez l'aubergine et applications en sélection variétale." Thesis, La Réunion, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LARE0010/document.
Повний текст джерелаEggplant cultivation is confronted by the bacterial wilt disease caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex. Breeding resistant cultivars is the most effective strategy to control the disease but is limited by the pathogen’s extensive genetic diversity. A major QTL (ERs1) was previously mapped in a recombinant inbred lines (RIL) population from the cross of susceptible (S) MM738 × resistant (R) AG91-25 lines. ERs1 was originally found to control 3 strains from phylotype I, while being ineffective against the strain PSS4 from the same phylotype. The objectives of this thesis was to (i) clarify the position of ERs1 and define its spectrum of action, (ii) found other QTLs, promptly to control virulent strains on AG91-25 and (iii) introgress some of the QTLs into two S cultivars. For this purpose, the new doubled haploid (DH) populations MM152 (R) × MM738 (S) and EG203 (R) × MM738 (S) were created. The RIL population was phenotyped with 4 additional RSSC strains belonging to phylotypes I, IIA, IIB and III and the DH populations were phenotyped with virulent strains PSS4 and R3598. QTL mapping confirmed the existence of ERs1 (renamed EBWR9), defined its position on chromosome (chr) 9 and validated its specific control of 3 phylotype I strains. EBWR2 and EBWR14, 2 broad-spectrum resistance QTLs, were detected on chr 2 and 5. QTL analysis reveals a polygenic system of resistance in EG203. The transfer of resistance into 2 local cultivars was initiated and allowed the introgression of EBWR9 and EBWR2 QTLs through a backcross scheme. These results offer perspectives to breed broad-spectrum R cultivars
Tran, Thanh-Son. "Etudes génomiques chez la poule : applications à la résistance au portage de salmonelles et la digestibilité." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4013/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe QTL detection protocols vary depending on the model studied, because they depend on many parameters. This thesis has focused on how to adapt these protocols through two examples of QTL detection in Chicken, using two different statistical methods: maximum likelihood (ML) and linear regression (LR), which results were compared on two examples. Initially, QTLs controlling resistance to Salmonella carrier-state have been identified, of small effects and whose positions vary according to the method. In a second step, QTLs controlling digestibility and anatomy of the gastro-intestinal tract were identified with similar results for both methods. Many QTLs of small to moderate effects were identified. The results of this thesis show that the comparison of the two methods is always helpful as under certain conditions the results may vary with the method
Avia, Komlan. "Colocalisation de gènes candidats positionnels avec des QTL de la tolérance au gel chez Medicago truncatula." Compiègne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008COMP1763.
Повний текст джерелаPlants from temperate regions can increase freezing tolerance after an exposure to low non-freezing temperatures, a process known as cold acclimation. Cold acclimation induces several physiological, biochemical and molecular alterations. For a better understanding of its genetic determinism in legumes such as pea in order to improve their freezing tolerance, we used the model species Medicago truncatula. The objective of this thesis was to identify the genetic factors involved in the freezing response of Medicago truncatula. Particularly we worked to highlight the main metabolisms involved and to find associated genetic factors through candidate genes approach. Detection of QTL for freezing damage score on a 182-maers genetic map, showed interest regions mainly on linkage groups 1, 4 and 6. Some ecophysiologioel parameters which reflect the ability of the plant to maintain its development under low temperatures were used to detect additional QTL that colocalized with QTL for freezing damage score on the same linkage groups. To identify the genes involved in the cold acclimation process in Medicago truncatula, a transcriptomic analysis was performed. The results showed 400 genes that were differentially expressed between the freezing tolerant and susceptible parents. An in silico analysis was used to detect the genes that located in the QTL intervals