Статті в журналах з теми "Qiu Xian (China)"

Sorbuslushanensis Xin Chen & Jing Qiu, sp. n. (Rosaceae), a new simple-leaved species belonging to Sorbussubg.Ariasect.Alnifoliae, is described from Anhui and Jiangxi provinces in China. Illustrations, photographs of wild plants and a distribution map are presented. The new species is morphologically similar to S.folgneri, but can be distinguished easily by its abaxially greenish-grey tomentose leaves, scale-like stipules and glabrous styles.

Built in 1897 in Hangzhou, China, “Qiu shi Shu-yuan(求是書 院)” is a new type of Confucian academy founded in cooperation with the “Wei-xin faction(維新派)” at the time. This Confucian academy emphasized the spirit of “Shi shi qiu shi(實事求是)”, based on the parallelism of Chinese and Western studies, and further had a clear purpose of contributing to the activities of saving the country by cultivating practical talents. Chinese intellectuals, who were suffering from a national crisis at the time, were leading the establishment of various new schools or modern educational institutions to break down the chaotic situation. In that time, Qiu shi shu-yuan was not only built purely by the Chinese, but also developed into today's Zhejiang University. Thus, it is considered one of the “ideal models of modern Chinese educational institutions” in that it shows a consistent educational view and stable development in terms of operation and development.

The article deals with the authorship of the Confucian treatise Xiao Jing (“The Classic of Filial Piety”). Xiao Jing is one of the classical treatises that constitutes a part of the Confucian corpus Shisan Jing (“The Thirteen Classics”). This confirms the importance and high significance of this text for the traditional philosophical thought of China. The earliest mention of the title “Xiao Jing” was recorded in the work from the 3rd century BC, Lu shi chun qiu (“Spring and Autumn of Mr Liu”), which indicates the terminus ante quem non for the treatise Xiao Jing. According to some Russian scholars, the treatise Xiao Jing was compiled in the IV-II centuries BC. The Chinese scholarship acknowledges eight main versions of authorship, and therefore dating of Xiao Jing. The author stresses the importance to establish the authorship of the Xiao Jing treatise since this can be a piece of additional information for a comprehensive understanding of the philosophical heritage of the Confucian tradition of this text. After presenting an outline of the main versions of authorship of the Xiao Jing treatise, the author states that this issue can hardly be solved unambiguously. Therefore, this article can be considered as a preliminary essay for further research. The appendix offers a complete Russian translation of the Xiao Jing made by the author of the present article.

With unique climate, topography, and vegetation, the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is a special biogeographic region with richness of endemic species. However, the taxonomy and distribution of many insect groups on this plateau are still poorly known. Here, we synthesized a species checklist of subfamily Gomphomastacinae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Eumastacidae) for this region, while describing a new species: Myrmeleomastax wideis Qiu, sp. nov.. Images of the new species and the distribution map of all the known species are provided. Type specimens for the new species are deposited in the Zoological and Botanical Museum, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China (SNNU).

AbstractThe present paper aims to investigate the idea of “elevating the worthy” (shang xian尚賢) as it appears in the newly found manuscriptZhou xun周訓. This manuscript is part of the Peking University collection (Beijing daxue cang Xi-Han zhushu北京大學藏西漢竹書), presumably copied in the first half of the first centuryb.c.e. In sharp contrast to most recently discovered manuscripts promulgating “elevating the worthy,” theZhou xunintroduces the meritocratic principle to support hereditary power transfer, by positing that the right to rule should be passed on to the most able son of a ruler. I argue that this position served several purposes. First, it provided a solution to the central problem of abdication discourse, namely, the conflict between the principles of “respecting worthies” (zun xian尊賢) and “loving kin” (ai qin愛親). Second, this interpretation of “elevating the worthy” entailed a significant extension of the number of potential contenders to the throne, challenging the system of primogeniture, the very cornerstone of political order in early China. This fundamental challenge appears to be deliberate and can be interpreted as an attempt to formulate a new paradigm for the ruling house of Zhou. The complete absence of the idea of Heaven's Mandate (tian ming天命) from theZhou xuncertainly underscores its radical departure from Zhou conventional claims to power. However, I argue that, given the close association between theZhou xunand theLüshi chunqiu呂氏春秋, it is also plausible that the former's theory was created to justify the Zhou's overthrow by the Qin 秦. In any case, theZhou xunprovides us with new insights into how the idea of “elevating the worthy” was applied to politics in early China.

Abstract As one of the industrial centers of Western China, Xi’an is undergoing a process in which surrounding “urban villages” are incorporated into the urban area. This paper reports on the contact situation between the Xi’an dialect of Beishan Menkou “urban village” and Mandarin Chinese. Data collection started with traditional dialect survey methodology which assumes the dialect to be homogeneous and shared across village members. It requires respondents to read a standard list of Chinese characters. The assumption that the dialect is homogeneous is generally agreed upon for older generations but is doubtful for the younger generation who are exposed to modern education and modern life. We therefore stratified the survey across three generations with six informants, a male and female informants for each generation. The results show that the dialect among the two older generations was still homogeneous and shared, whereas the youngest generations showed influence of Putonghua on the dialect. This resulted in a new dialect variant “Dialect with Putonghua features”, which is recognized by urban village members as such. Female respondents generally were conceived of as speaking the New Dialect more clearly than their male counterparts. We also investigated the impact of the dialect on Putonghua and concluded that among the younger generation, a form of “Local Putonghua” developed, whereas the accented forms used by older generations are a variety of intermediate forms of this “Local Putonghua”. The paper further provides details of the changes taking place in the New Dialect in terms of tones, initials and finals, vocabulary and grammar. Words in local Putonghua were also listed.

The article gives a overview of translations of I.A. Krylov’s fables in China. The first of them appeared more than 120 years ago, but the real acquaintance of Chinese readers with his work took place in the 1950s because of the translations of Meng Hai and Wu Yan. From the late 1970s to the present, the number of translations and editions of Krylov’s fables has been constantly increasing. Now in China there are more than 300 separate editions of his selected fables and 33 complete collections. At various times, at least 64 translators worked on translations of Krylov’s fables into Chinese, and 15 of them translated all nine books of the collection of his fables (these are Wu Yan, He Shiying, Feng Jia, Gu Yu, Xin Weiai, Han Guiliang, He Maozheng, Pei Jiaqin, Qu Hong, Yue Yan, Shi Guoxiong, Ding Lu, Zhu Xiansheng, Qiu Jingjuan and Yang Jianfeng). Some translations are made in prose, but some in poetry. The article summarizes the history of translations of Krylov’s fables in China and provides information about the most important translations and translators.

Abstract Xi'an has a special historical position in ancient China, and it has made great achievements in water conservancy projects in all dynasties. The water network skeleton formed mainly by the ‘Eight Waters’ in the territory, along with the historical changes of Xi'an, has experienced the Lantian ape-man ‘living by the water’, the Western Zhou Fenghao ‘two capitals along the Fenghe River’, and the Qin Xianyang city ‘capital passed by Weihe river’. Developments and changes such as the ‘diversion of water to develop the capital’ in Chang'an in the Western Han Dynasty, the ‘capital be ringed by eight rivers’ in Chang'an in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, ‘reduced water’ from the end of the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, and the ‘coordinated supply’ after the founding of the People's Republic of China. After sorting out the system, it is believed that the ‘Eight Waters’ in the territory are the original driving force for the flourishing Chang'an in history. From ancient times to the present, with the development of industry, there has been a trend that human settlements and rivers are farther away. Urban water supply has shifted from groundwater sources to surface water sources. This article investigates the evolution of water conservancy projects in Xi'an from the Paleolithic Age to the present, and studies the relationship between human production and life and water resources. The changing law and development trend of the water supply structure in Xi'an urban area in modern times are analyzed. We have summarized the enlightenment left to us by the practice of water conservancy projects for thousands of years. This paper provides references for the development and planning of water resources in similar cities.

Introduction. In the modern educational space of each state, music education plays an essential role in the upbringing of the rising generation. The national musical culture of Ancient China, as well as some aspects of musical education organization in the Pre-Qin period, have served as the primary basis in the sphere of modernization and improvement of the modern musical education system in this country. The aim of this article is to summarize some theoretical aspects of the organization of music education in ancient China – in the Pre-Qin period (8500–221 BC). Materials and methods. The generalized materials of researchers' works reveal the practice of “early” musical education in Ancient China, expressing the interests of this or that ruling dynasty (from the primitive society, where the Chinese national musical culture had originated, up to the Qin dynasty). Representing an important historical epoch, the Pre-Qin period reflects the time of the formation of a unique system of organization of traditional music education in China. Each era that is part of the Pre-Qin period has its own distinctive features and cultural and historical characteristics. Results. In the course of summarizing certain theoretical aspects of the organization of music education in the Pre-Qin period, the names of four epochs were specified, as well as the peculiarities of the organization of general and music education in ancient China. Thus, the first era “Chinese music education in primitive society” (or) “Prehistoric China” (8500–2070 BC) is conventionally considered a time of origin of music education; a period of formation of genres of Chinese folk music culture, based on myths, religion, legends, and customs of ancient China. The second era, “Chinese Music Education in the Xia and Shang Dynasties” or “Bronze Age” (2070–1046 BC), is characterized by the appearance of the first musical instruments; the transformation of the functions of music education – from religious service to entertainment; the consolidation of the name “court music and dance education”; the appearance of the first specialized educational institutions and “special” music teachers. Music education in the third era “Chinese music education in the Western Zhou Dynasty” (1046–771 BC) had the name “rites and music education”; distinguished by the appearance of the first musical performance groups; the training of “professional personnel” in music education. The peculiarity of the fourth epoch “Chinese music education in the Spring and Autumn Era and the Age of Fighting Kingdoms” (770–221 BC) is the modernization and improvement of forms, methods, and means of music education; production of musical instruments; wide practice of performing schools and educational activities of Chinese thinkers, politicians, and educators; and availability of music education to various strata of the population. Conclusion. This study allows arguing that the Pre-Qin period is the initial stage in the formation of music education in ancient China. Moreover, it also can be considered one of the most important times in a historical retrospective – the active development of the Chinese music education system.

This study delves into the Pre-Qin Confucian understanding of “ren 人” (human beings), focusing on the tripartite dimensions of “shen 身” (body), “qing 情” (sentiment), and “xin 心” (mind) as viewed through the lens of “li 礼” (ritual). By analyzing the works of Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi, and other significant early texts, we unravel how these early Confucian philosophers reconceptualized human beings within the framework of “li 礼” (ritual). In doing so, they presented a novel perspective on the human experience that emphasized the interconnectedness of these three dimensions, transforming the way people thought about themselves and their place in the world. This research illuminates the unique contributions of Pre-Qin Confucianism to the understanding of human beings and provides valuable insights into the philosophical breakthroughs of this period in Chinese thought. Furthermore, this understanding of human beings persisted throughout the subsequent imperial history of China.

AbstractThe towering earthen mound standing at the center of the First Emperor of Qin, Qin Shihuangdi's (259–210 b.c.e.) Lishan necropolis at present-day Lintong in Xi'an, Shaanxi province was arguably the single greatest burial marker in ancient China. For centuries, this gigantic unopened monument has sparked curiosity and aroused interest among people regarding its nature. Without physically damaging the target, in 2001–2003 Chinese archaeologists used a new geophysical remote sensor to scan the surface of the mound, digitally probed into its inner structure, and detected a nine-stepped wall that bounds an aboveground burial shaft stretching down deep into the ground. This novel structure begs the following questions: what are the basic elements of this tomb mound, how do they work together within a coherent plan, and why was it made?Based on previous scholarship, this article conducts a more thorough analysis of the tomb mound and compares it with the excavated Eastern Zhou royal tombs of the Qin, Wei, Zhao, Qi, Chu, Han, Yan, and Zhongshan states. The results demonstrate that rather than following a single model of a single state, the Lishan tomb mound incorporated almost all the major features of its Eastern Zhou predecessors, including but not limited to the external tumulus, the internal stepped wall or terrace, simulated galleries, and the freestanding ritual halls. This article argues that by creatively incorporating all the provincial ingredients into one imperial unity, the complex tomb mound unified multiple funerary practices of China. What's more, the tomb mound, most likely constructed after Qin's political unification of China in 221 b.c.e., perfectly embodies the new notion of empire and the political ambition of the First Emperor who strove throughout his life for becoming the “first” in Chinese history by merging all the past traditions.

In today's digital media era, the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage are very important to enhance the cultural literacy and cultural confidence of citizens. This paper is based on the "Qin Brick and Han Tile Museum" in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China, which has the most complete variety of tiles, well-preserved and exquisite patterns to digitally transform this intangible cultural heritage into cultural and creative products that represent the concept of intangible cultural heritage design.Analyzed the current situation and digital design concepts according to 1,300 questionnaire data,and puts forward the strategy to enhance the protection, display, and sale of the intangible cultural heritage protection to meet the viewing of more groups and promote the concept of intangible cultural heritage protection.

A polarized micropulse lidar (P-MPL) employing a pulsed laser at 532 nm was developed by the Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). The optomechanical structure, technical parameters, detection principle, overlap factor calculation method, and inversion methods of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) depth and depolarization ratio (DR) were introduced. Continuous observations using the P-MPL were carried out at Xi’an Meteorological Bureau, and the observation data were analyzed. In this study, we gleaned much information on aerosols and clouds, including the temporal and spatial variation of aerosols and clouds, aerosol extinction coefficient, DR, and the structure of ABL were obtained by the P-MPL. The variation of aerosols and clouds before and after a short rainfall was analyzed by combining time-height-indication (THI) of range corrected signal (RCS) and DR was obtained by the P-MPL with profiles of potential temperature (PT) and relative humidity (RH) detected by GTS1 Digital Radiosonde. Then, the characteristics of tropopause cirrus cloud were discussed using the data of DR, PT, and RH. Finally, a haze process from January 1st to January 5th was studied by using aerosol extinction coefficients obtained by the P-MPL, PT, and RH profiles measured by GTS1 Digital Radiosonde and the time-varying of PM2.5 and PM10 observed by ambient air quality monitor. The source of the haze was simulated by using the NOAA HYSPLIT Trajectory Model.

One of the first things we learn about Christianity in Tang China is the naming of the religion. Naming matters because the name capsulates some basic ideas and conveys metaphorical implications intended by the name-giver in the Chinese context. This paper attempts to trace the origin of identifying and naming Christianity in the Tang dynasty and investigates the meanings and implications of the names as reflected in Chinese Christian texts in Tang. The naming issue of Tang Christianity involves the process of being identified and self-identification. Jingjiao 景教 is a neologism invented around the period of Jingjing, the major contributor to the famous Christian Stele of Tang China. The name, coupled with the toponym Da Qin, can be seen not just in the Xi’an Inscription but also in other surviving manuscripts. Besides, this paper draws attention to the variant character jing 景, which appears in all those inscriptions and manuscripts, and argues that this phenomenon is under the influence of the state name taboo in the realm of the Tang Empire.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes severe respiratory illness, was first reported in Wuhan, China. The etiology of the disease is a new novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was reported to share the same origin as SARS-CoV, causing severe public health events in 2002. Unlike the SARS-CoV, which was conquered in the early summer of 2003, this virus was still contagious widely and reached a pandemic level. It can still spread fast even if the season’s temperature is raised. Here, we made a model of pneumonia of human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) with damp-heat syndrome treated by Xiangqin Kanggan granules to find a new medicine for treating these kinds of infectious diseases coronaviruses induced.

During the latter half of the 20th century, due to environmental destruction, agricultural modernization, and excessive hunting, the population of the Asian Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon), once distributed widely in Japan, China, Korea, and Russia’s Ussuri region, has declined dramatically. As a result, there have been no reported sightings of the Asian Crested Ibis since 1963 in Russia and since 1979 in Korea. In the case of Japan, the last 5 remaining wild Asian Crested Ibises were captured for captive breeding purpose, but due to unfortunate circumstances, the last Asian Crested Ibis died in October 2003, resulting in failure of the project. In the case of China, although no sightings were reported since 1964 for those once inhabiting northeast, northwest and southwest China, when its extinction was about to be declared in May 1981, 7 wild Asian Crested Ibises, including 3 chicks, were discovered in Yang Xian, deep in the Qin Lin Mountains in Shanxi Province. This news attracted worldwide attention. To conserve those remaining wild population and their habitat, China quickly established a centralized conservation framework. In the 26 years of this conservation policy, the original 7 individuals increased to 600 and, with the captive breeding population, the total population now exceeds 1,000. Thanks to steady progress in reintroduction to its original habitat and in research, the Asian Crested Ibis has been moved from the Critically Endangered to the Endangered List. Although the habitat of the Asian Crested Ibis has expanded with its wild population, issues on acquirements for foraging sites, conservation, and management of its habitat remain as conflicts arise between economic development and environmental conservation. A long-term conservation plan is thus needed that considers both the conservation of the Asian Crested Ibis habitat and benefits to local residents.

Music diversity is valued in theory, but the extent to which it is efficiently presented in music class remains limited. Within this article, I aim to bridge this gap by introducing four genres of Chinese classical ensembles—Qin and Xiao duets, Jiang Nan bamboo and silk ensembles, Cantonese ensembles, and contemporary Chinese orchestras—into the general music classroom. The explanations of original cultural contexts, representative repertoire, and cultural elements embedded in each ensemble can be incorporated in a classroom as part of an exploration of classical music from China. No Chinese instruments are required in the class, since it would focus on listening and related music activities. Drawing on attentive and engaged listening, sample lessons demonstrate the use of these Chinese classic ensembles at all levels to relate the National Core Arts Standards to encourage students to perform, create, respond to, and connect with the music.

Abstract B7H3, a B7 family member of immune checkpoint proteins, is overexpressed in a broad spectrum of malignant tumors. It has become an attractive target for cancer therapies in recent years. ILB-3101, a potential best-in-class ADC, was constructed by conjugating a potent mitotic inhibitor Eribulin to a proprietary anti-B7H3 mAb through a proprietary linker. This ADC molecule has been developed and preclinically evaluated as both the 1st line ADC treatment with B7H3 expressed patients in Eribulin sensitive cancer types and the later line treatment for patients whose cancer are B7H3 positive but TopoI inhibitor resistant. The humanized antibody of ILB-3101 is IgG1 type and shows high affinity to both human and monkey B7H3 proteins. It also shows better internalization than benchmark antibodies such as that of DS-7300 analog. The DAR value of ILB-3101 is 3.5. ILB-3101 has potent and dose-dependent cytotoxicity to B7H3-positive tumor cells and shows better activities than DS-7300 analog as positive control. In vivo studies based on xenograft tumor models reveal that ILB-3101 has potent anti-tumor activities in various tumor types including TNBC, sarcoma, ovarian cancer and AML etc., which are superior or comparable to DS-7300 analog. Furthermore, ILB-3101 shows strong anti-tumor activity on Dxd based ADC resistant tumors in xenograft tumor models. The PK study of ILB-3101 in cynomolgus monkeys shows dose-dependent exposure and desirable PK profile. ILB-3101 was well tolerated in cynomolgus monkeys with HNSTD at 6 mg/kg. No serious adverse events were observed, and the main safety findings were limited and reversible hematological and immunological effects, which are consistent with the safety profile of Eribulin as an approved chemotherapy. The in vitro and in vivo preclinical results above demonstrate that ILB-3101 has good efficacy and safety profile and it is a promising and potentially best-in-class B7H3 targeting ADC drug candidate. ILB-3101 is worthy of further translational research and clinical trials. Its IND application has been submitted in China, followed by US FDA filing soon. Citation Format: Yushuan Shang, Junzhuan Qiu, Yanfei Xin, Min Zhao, Qiang Liu, Zhengsheng Wang, Xiaojing Gong, Yan Xu, Yan Li, Mingde Xia, Rulei Chen. ILB-3101, a novel B7H3-targeting ADC with Eribulin as payload, demonstrates strong tumor killing activities and favorable PK/TOX profile in preclinical evaluation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 5087.

_ This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 204763, “Minimization of Ultrahigh-Temperature Filtration Loss for Water-Based Drilling Fluid With β-Cyclodextrin Polymer Microspheres,” by Hanyi Zhong, China University of Petroleum and the University of Oklahoma, and Xin Gao, SPE, and Zhengsong Qiu, China University of Petroleum, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. _ Because of the rapid degradation of conventional biopolymer or synthetic polymeric additives at high temperatures (HT) or ultra-HT, effective control of water-based drilling-fluid filtration in these environments remains a major challenge in drilling operations. In the complete paper, β-cyclodextrin polymer microspheres (β-CPMs), generally used for drug release and wastewater treatment, have been evaluated and found to be effective, environmentally friendly ultra-HT filtration reducers. Experimental Methods Sodium bentonite (16 g) and deionized water (400 mL) was homogenized by stirring at 10,000 rev/min for 30 minutes. After hydration for another 24 hours, the suspension, which would be the base mud, was ready for use. β-CPMs were mixed into the base mud and hot rolled under temperatures ranging from 120 to 240°C for 16 hours. After hot rolling, the low-temperature/low-pressure (LT/LP) filtration (ambient temperature/0.7 MPa) and high-temperature/high-pressure (HT/HP) filtration test was carried out according to recommended standards. For the HT/HP filtration test, the pressure difference was set to be 3.5 MPa, while the testing temperature was equal to the hot rolling temperature when the temperature was lower than 200°C, and kept at 200°C when the fluid was thermally aged to rise higher than 200°C. A typical HT-resistant water-based drilling fluid was used as a control sample. Several generally used HT filtration loss agents were added and hot rolled at 220°C to compare their effectiveness in HT filtration control.

Zhang, W.-B., Jiang, H.-W., Qiu, P.-C., Liu, C.-Y., Chen, F.-L., Xin, D.-W., Li, C.-D., Hu, G.-H. and Chen, Q.-S. 2012. Genetic overlap of QTL associated with low-temperature tolerance at germination and seedling stage using BILs in soybean. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1381–1388. Low temperature is one of the critical environmental factors that limit agricultural production worldwide. In northeast China soybean frequently suffers low temperature stress, especially at germination stage and seedling stage. The most effective way to solve this problem is to breed cultivars with low-temperature tolerance. A set of advanced backcross introgression lines was constructed with Hongfeng 11 as recurrent parent, which was a local variety in Heilongjiang province, and Harosoy as donor parent, which was introduced from Canada. Their BC2F4 lines were screened in low-temperature condition at the two stages, and 41 transgressive lines were selected out at germination stage and 45 lines at seedling stage. Sixty-four and fifty-one pairs of simple sequence repeat primers with fine polymorphism were used for genotyping the selected population and random population at the two stages, respectively. Related quantitative trait loci (QTL) were obtained by chi-test and ANOVA analysis with genotypic and phenotypic data. Finally, 25 QTL at germination stage and 13 QTL at seedling stage were mapped. Among them, 10 QTL overlapped between two stages, which showed a partial genetic crossover on low-temperature tolerance stages in soybean. This would play an important role in marker-assisted selection for breeding elite variety with low-temperature tolerance at both stages.

Introduction. The southern Chinese empire of Eastern Jin, which lost its northern lands in 316, did not lose hope of reclaiming its territories. The East Jin commander Huan Wen undertook three military expeditions to Northern China: the first campaign of 354 (against the northwestern “barbarian” kingdom of the Di clan — Former Qin), the second campaign of 356 (against the rebellious Northern Chinese barbarian general Yao Xiang), and the third campaign of 368 (against the Xianbei kingdom of Former Yan). The purpose of the article was to give a general overview and a brief analysis of the events associated with the three campaigns, as well as to identify the causes and consequences of the victories and defeats of the Chinese side. Materials and methods. The main research methods were historical-genetic, historical-biographical, and historical-geographical analysis of relevant events and personalities. The major source of information about the events associated with Huan Wen’s three campaigns to the North is the official dynastic history “History of the Jin [Dynasty]” (“Jin Shu”), namely the Zaiji section and the Liezhuan biographical section. Results. The unsuccessful outcome of the initially successful campaigns of Huan Wen may be explained by the factional struggle between the capital (Yangzhou) and regional (Jingzhou) groupings of the ruling elite of the Eastern Jin state, as well as the general degradation of the central government apparatus. The crushing defeat of the third northern campaign led to the loss of the territories in Central China previously conquered by the Jin army and the decline of the court career of Huan Wen himself. But his clan remained an influential power in the Jingzhou region.

AbstractThis article starts by examining how “Li ji” was used as a title in early China. In addition to the Li, Li jing, Shi li, Li yi and Yi li, etc., “Li ji” was used as an alternative title for the Li canon, and the “Li” as a title was used to indicate what we now refer to as the Li ji or the Xiao Dai Li ji as well. By discussing how the Guodian bamboo slip texts are related to the transmitted version of the Li ji, this article argues that the writing styles of the related excavated bamboo manuscripts are the particular Li gujing- or Li guji-styles, that the “Li gujing” or “Li guji” is more a description of those ancient retrieved texts than an actual title, and that many of the Guodian bamboo-slip texts are the Li guji- or Li gujing-style writings. According to the Li guji-style Zi yi text, it is evident that the material in the Li ji comes from creditable pre-Qin textual sources. Although the Li ji text came to its current shape as a result of later editing work, it does not mean that the received Li ji sections have higher textual value than the excavated manuscripts do. On the contrary, the excavated manuscripts could have many valuable early textual sources that the transmitted Li ji has lost.

Dear readers, We are pleased to present to you Issue 4, 2022, of the scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The Space of Culture. Upon the recommendation of the Expert Council of the Higher Attestation Commission, the journal is included in the List of Leading Peer-reviewed Scientific Journals and Publications in which the main scientific results of theses for the academic degrees of doctor and candidate of science must be published. The journal publishes scientific articles by leading specialists in various humanitarian fields, doctoral students, and graduate students. Research areas concern topical problems in multiple areas of culture, art, philology, and linguistics. This versatility of the review reveals the main specificity of the journal, which represents the current state of the cultural space. The journal opens with articles by Chinese researchers devoted to the art of Ancient China. In the article "The Heaven-and-Man Oneness Concept and the Style of Funerary Plastic Art During the Han Dynasty", Xiang Wu analyses the idea of heaven-and-man oneness, which was important for the art of this period. It was based on the Confucian view, the rituals of a strict social hierarchy and Taoist metaphysics. Qiu Mubing’s scientific research topic is “Objects of the Funerary Cult in the Han Dynasty. Gold and Silver Items. Aesthetics of Gold and Silver in the Han Dynasty”. Examining archaeological sources, the author concludes the high achievements of Chinese artisans during the Han Dynasty on examples of works of arts and crafts made of precious metals. In the article “Aesthetics of the Song Dynasty. The Origins of the New Style of Furniture Design in China", N.Kazakova and Qiu Qi analyse the vector of development of the furniture industry through the prism of the industrial design evolution. The reasons for the emergence of the New style in furniture design in China are studied. They are analysed in detail against the background of changing economic, political and cultural realities. The issues of the influence of Ancient China aesthetics on the formation and development of a new language in furniture design are touched upon. In the article "Problems of Colour Harmonisation of Composition and Development of Associative and Imaginative Thinking in the Environmental Design", N.Bogatova reveals the potential of colouristic graphic two-dimensional modelling in artistic and imaginative thematic compositions. On the example of the compositional laws of colouristics, the author traces the path of ascent from the concrete to the abstract, pictorial to the expressive, and emotional to the figurative. P.Dobrolyubov presents the text “Sculptor Alexander Matveev’s School and His Students”, which includes many archival documents and photographs. The author describes the process of learning from teacher and sculptor A.Matveev, names the main dates in his creative work, reveals the details of the sculptural craft, talks about the variety of moves in the master’s plasticity, analyses the methods and principles of work in sculpture, shows the attitude of students to their teacher, and highlights the entire course of historical milestones in the sculptor’s creative biography. In the article "The Golden Age of PRC History Painting (1949–1966): Origins, Searches, Achievements”, K.Gavrilin and L.Xiaonan consider the issues of the formation of the modern Chinese art school. Its foundation was laid in the framework of the creative and educational dialogue between China and the Soviet Union at the beginning of the second half of the 20th century. The authors believe that the characteristic features of the golden age of Chinese historical painting were, on the one hand, the popularisation of painting as an art form and, on the other hand, the predominance of the dominant position of realism over the traditional styles of Chinese painting. It is noted that during this period, two main plots became widespread: scenes of socialist construction and historical events of the revolution. S.Zubarev considers theoretical and practical aspects of the activities of military musicians in the article "Academic Music in the Practice of Russian Military Bands of the 19th - early 21st Centuries". In the process of studying military bands, special attention is paid to the study of the features of military band service development in the 19th and 20th centuries. Factors revealing the role of Russian composers in the history of military musical culture are highlighted, and several works of academic music performed by military bands are analysed. In conclusion, the author notes that in the national culture, unique conditions for the development of military musicians’ arranging activity were created. They made it possible to preserve the traditions of the military band service and form the value principles of academic art. The publication is addressed to professionals specialising in the theory and practice of the fine arts and philology and all those interested in the arts and culture.

Studies in Media and Communication (SMC) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether SMC publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 4Amie Jones, University of Georgia, USAAnita Šulentić, Edward Bernays University College, CroatiaAntonio García Gómez, University of Alcalá de Henares, SpainBernard Naledzani Rasila, University of Venda, South AfricaCaitlin McLaughlin, St. Francis Xavier University, CanadaCamelia Cmeciu, Danubius University of Galati, RomaniaCarmen Pérez-Sabater, Universitat Politècnica de València, SpainDaniel Moise, Bucharest University, RomaniaDonggyu Kim, University of Southern California, USAElena Bandres-Goldaraz, Universtiy of Zaragoza, SpainEric Mensah, University of Cape Coast, GhanaFrans Sayogie, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, IndonesiaFred Fang, South China Normal University, ChinaGiorgio Poletti, University of Ferrara, ItalyHerman, Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, IndonesiaJarlene Rodrigues Reis, Cefet/RJ, BrazilJavier Serrano Puche, University of Navarra, SpainJianbo Hou, Xi'an International Studies University, ChinaLucia Zbihlejová, University of Presov, SlovakiaMasduki Masduki, Universitas Islam Indonesia, IndonesiaMiguel Álvarez-Peralta, University Rey Juan Carlos, SpainMohammad Zamroni, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University, IndonesiaNavid Darvishzadeh, Georgia State University, USANingyang Chen, Soochow University, ChinaPadilla-Castillo Graciela, Complutense University of Madrid, SpainPatrick Neil M. Santiago, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, PhilippinesPeggy Peattie, University of San Diego, USARafael Angel Salazar Martínez, University of Holguin-Mayari Municipality Center, CubaRafiza Luziani Varão Ribeiro Carvalho, University of Brasilia, BrazilSarah Min, Dalton State College, USASeverin Mbog, University of Douala, CameroonSixto-García José, University of Santiago de Compostela, SpainTeresa Martín García, University of Salamanca, SpainThaïs de Mendonça Jorge, University of Brasilia, BrazilTilahun Adamu Mengistie, University of Gondar, EthiopiaVerlumun Celestine Gever, University of Nigeria, NigeriaXiao Li, Hubei Institute of Fine Arts, ChinaXin Wang, North China Institute of Science and Technology, ChinaYi Luo, Montclair State University, USAYoung Joon Lim, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, USAYufan Sunny Qin, James Madison University, USA Patricia JohnsonEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Studies in Media and CommunicationRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://smc.redfame.com

Background:Gout is an arthritic disease caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystal (MSU) in the joints, which can lead to acute inflammation and damage adjacent tissue [1].Over the past decade, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to have crucial importance in health and disease[2,3]. However, studies evaluating the function of ncRNAs in gout are scarce, and current knowledge of the role of ncRNAs in gout is still limited.Objectives:To assess the contribution of noncoding RNAs to gout and the clinical importance of these genes in primary gouty arthritis (GA).Methods:The mRNA expression levels of noncoding RNAs (LINC00173, LINC00963, LINC01330 and miRNA-182-5p) were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 60 gout patients(including 30 acute gout patients, 30 intercritical gout patients) and 40 healthy subjects. The relationship between noncoding RNA expression levels and laboratory features was analyzed in GA patients.Results:The expression levels of LINC00173, LINC00963 and miRNA-182-5p were much lower in the AG and IG group than in the HC groups (p<0.05), and no significant difference was detected between AG and IG groups(P>0.05). The expression levels of LINC01330 were much lower in the AG group than in the IG and HC groups (p<0.05), and no significant difference was detected between AG and IG groups(P>0.05). In GA patients, the levels of noncoding RNAs mRNA correlated with laboratory inflammatory and metabolic indexes.Conclusion:Altered noncoding RNAs expression suggests that noncoding RNAs is involved in the pathogenesis of GA and participates in regulating inflammation and metabolism.References:[1]Xu Yi-Ting,Leng Ying-Rong,Liu Ming-Ming et al. MicroRNA and long noncoding RNA involvement in gout and prospects for treatment.[J].Int Immunopharmacol, 2020, 87: 106842.doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106842[2]Yu Yunfang,Zhang Wenda,Li Anlin et al. Association of Long Noncoding RNA Biomarkers With Clinical Immune Subtype and Prediction of Immunotherapy Response in Patients With Cancer.[J].JAMA Netw Open, 2020, 3: e202149.doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.2149[3]Zou Yaoyao,Xu Siqi,Xiao Youjun et al. Long noncoding RNA LERFS negatively regulates rheumatoid synovial aggression and proliferation.[J].J Clin Invest, 2018, 128: 4510-4524.doi:10.1172/JCI97965Figure 1.Relative Expression of noncoding RNAs in the PBMCs of Patients.Disclosure of Interests:Quan-Bo Zhang Grant/research support from: the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program) (no.81974250) and Science and Technology Plan Project of Sichuan Province (no.2018JY0257), Yu-Qin Huang: None declared, Fan-Ni Xiao: None declared, gui-lin jian: None declared, Yi-Ping Tang: None declared, Fei Dai: None declared, Jian-Xiong Zheng: None declared, Yu-Feng Qing Grant/research support from: Science and Technology Project of Nanchong City (no.18SXHZ0522).

Background:Gout is a chronic autoinflammatory disease caused by monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition [1].Acute gout is characterized by an acute inflammatory reaction that resolves spontaneously within a few days[2], which is one of the distinguishing features of gout compared to other arthropathies or self-inflammatory diseases. Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation pathway that is essential for cellular growth, survival, differentiation, development and homeostasis [3]. Studies have demonstrated that autophagy might play a key role in the pathogenesis of primary gouty arthritis (GA) [4-7]. However, the roles of autophagy in the development of gout have not yet been elucidated.Objectives:The aim of our study was to investigate the changes in autophagy-related gene (ATG) mRNA and protein in patients and the clinical importance of these genes in primary gouty arthritis (GA) and to explore the roles of autophagy in the pathogenesis of GA.Methods:The mRNA and protein expression levels of ATGs (ATG3, ATG7, ATG10, ATG5, ATG12, ATG16L1, ATG4B and LC3-2) were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 196 subjects, including 57 acute gout patients (AG group), 57 intercritical gout patients (IG group) and 82 healthy control subjects (HC group). The relationship between ATG expression levels and laboratory features was analyzed in GA patients.Results:The expression levels of ATG4B, ATG5, ATG12, ATG16L1, ATG10 and LC3-2 mRNA were much lower in the AG group than in the IG and HC groups (p<0.05), while the ATG7 mRNA level was much higher in the AG group than in the IG and HC groups (p<0.05). The protein expression levels of LC3-2, ATG3, ATG7 and ATG10 were much higher in the AG group than in the other groups, while those of ATG5, ATG12, ATG16L1 and ATG4B were far lower in the AG group than in the other groups (p<0.05). In GA patients, the levels of ATG mRNA and protein correlated with laboratory inflammatory and metabolic indexes.Conclusion:Altered ATG expression suggests that autophagy is involved in the pathogenesis of GA and participates in regulating inflammation and metabolism.References:[1]Dalbeth N, Choi HK, Joosten LAB, Khanna PP, Matsuo H, Perez-Ruiz F, et al. Gout. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2019;5: 69.doi:10.1038/s41572-019-0115-y.[2]Schauer C, Janko C, Munoz LE, Zhao Y, Kienhöfer D, Frey B, et al. Aggregated neutrophil extracellular traps limit inflammation by degrading cytokines and chemokines. Nat Med. 2014;20: 511-517.doi:10.1038/nm.3547.[3]Han Y, Zhang L, Xing Y, Zhang L, Chen X, Tang P, et al. Autophagy relieves the function inhibition and apoptosis-promoting effects on osteoblast induced by glucocorticoid. Int J Mol Med. 2018;41: 800-808. doi:10.3892/ijmm.2017.3270.[4]Yang QB, He YL, Zhong XW, Xie WG, Zhou JG. Resveratrol ameliorates gouty inflammation via upregulation of sirtuin 1 to promote autophagy in gout patients. Inflammopharmacology. 2019;27: 47-56.doi:10.1007/s10787-018-00555-4.[5]Mitroulis I, Kambas K, Chrysanthopoulou A, Skendros P, Apostolidou E, Kourtzelis I, et al. Neutrophil extracellular trap formation is associated with IL-1β and autophagy-related signaling in gout. PLoS One. 2011;6: e29318.doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029318.[6]Crişan TO, Cleophas MCP, Novakovic B, Erler K, van de Veerdonk FL, Stunnenberg HG, et al. Uric acid priming in human monocytes is driven by the AKT-PRAS40 autophagy pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017;114: 5485-5490.doi:10.1073/pnas.1620910114.[7]Lee SS, Lee SW, Oh DH, Kim HS, Chae SC, Kim SK. Genetic analysis for rs2241880(T > C) in ATG16L1 polymorphism for the susceptibility of Gout. J Clin Rheumatol. 2019;25: e113-e115.doi:10.1097/rhu.0000000000000685.Disclosure of Interests:Yu-Qin Huang: None declared, Quan-Bo Zhang Grant/research support from: National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program) (no.81974250) and Science and Technology Plan Project of Sichuan Province (no.2018JY0257), Jian-Xiong Zheng: None declared, gui-lin jian: None declared, tao-hong liu: None declared, Xin He: None declared, fan-ni xiao: None declared, qin xiong: None declared, Yu-Feng Qing Grant/research support from: Science and Technology Project of Nanchong City (no.18SXHZ0522)

Lipset (1960) denotes legitimacy as “the capacity of the system to engender and maintain the belief that the existing political institutions are the most appropriate ones for the society.” All political powers, including Chinese dynasties in history, needed legitimacy to ensure their governance. In general, Western thinkers who discuss political legitimacy could be identified into two groups (Habermas, 1979). The “empiricists”, likes Max Weber, studies legitimacy in an empirical method, focusing on the types, constitutions, functions, and evolutions of legitimacy. The second group consists of “normativists”, such as Plato and John Rawls, who tend to base legitimacy on various normative values such as justice or democracy. Pre-modern Chinese views on political legitimacy have the similar approaches like west. The first one pays attention to different empirical factors of legitimacy. For instance, the pre-Qin philosopher Zou Yan (305-240 BCE), and Western Han thinker Liu Xin (50 BCE-23 CE) view a dynasty’s legitimate by its adoption of rightful dynastic phase (Wang 2006). The Song Dynasty (960–1279) historian Ouyang Xiu (1007-1072) argues that the just position and the unification of China make a legitimate dynasty (Rao 1996). The second approach bases legitimacy on normative values. For example, Confucius (551-479 BCE) indicates that the rightfulness of a ruler relies on his properly practicing both “benevolence” (ren ), and “rites” (li ). Many present scholars give us their studies on the legitimacy in Chinese history. For instance, Rao Zong (1996) provides the general overviews of legitimacy in the Chinese tradition, with an extensive collection of relevant primary sources. Hou Deren (2009) introduces most relevant present-day Chinese studies on that issue. For English readers, general studies of traditional Chinese views on legitimacy can be found in the writings of Hok-lam Chan (1984) and Richard Davis (1983). Nevertheless, it is notable that the question of legitimacy became pressing from the 13th century onwards in China, when China was ruled by non-Chinese ruling houses, such as the Yuan Dynasty 元 (1272-1368) and Qing Dynasty (1889-1912). Scholars during that period showed a great interest in discussing the question of what makes a legitimate ruler of China. In general, these scholars approached that question in two ways; they introduced the prevailing Neo-Confucianism to define the virtuous rule as the principal value of legitimacy (Bol, 2009), or they defined a Chinese ruled dynasty as legitimate. To reveal these scholars’ distinct views on legitimacy, this paper investigates two of them, the Yuan literatus Yang Weizhen (1296-1370) and the Ming (1368-1644) scholar-official Fang Xiaoru (1357-1402). For English readers, only Richard Davis (1983) gives a brief introduction on Yang Weizhen’s views on legitimacy. Few studies focus on Fang Xiaoru’s relevant views. Following the text analysis way, this article proves that Yang Weizhen and Fang Xiaoru acted as two representatives of scholars in the late imperial China. Both of them adopted Neo-Confucianism to discuss legitimacy, viewing the discussion of legitimacy as a moral evaluation of the dynasty and monarch. They also shared the idea that Chinese ruled dynasty should be viewed as legitimate.

Abstract Background: B7 homolog 3 protein (B7-H3, an immune checkpoint molecule) overexpression correlates with disease progression and poor prognosis in various cancers, including lung cancer, esophageal cancer, prostate cancer, and melanoma, is therefore as an ideal candidate for targeted immunotherapy. DB-1311 is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of a humanized anti-B7-H3 IgG1 monoclonal antibody covalently linked to a proprietary DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor via a maleimide tetrapeptide-based cleavable linker, with a drug-to-antibody ratio of approximately 6. Preclinical studies of DB-1311 demonstrated promising antitumor activity in solid tumors and a tolerable safety profile, warranting further clinical development. Methods: This global, first-in-human, Phase 1/2a study includes dose escalation and expansion parts to assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity of DB-1311 in patients (pts) with pretreated advanced/metastatic solid tumors (NCT05914116). Eligible pts must have tumor that has relapsed or progressed on or after standard systemic treatments, or is intolerable with standard treatment, or for which no standard treatment is available; have ECOG PS ≤1; and evidence adequate organ function. Up to 5 ascending dose levels of DB-1311 will be evaluated with an accelerated titration at first dose followed by a classic “3+3” design to identify the maximum tolerated dose and/or recommended phase 2 dose in pts with solid tumors. Phase 2a part will initiate with a randomization (1:1) cohort for dose optimization in pts with small cell lung cancer with two dose levels identified by the safety monitoring committee based on cumulative data from Phase 1 part. The other five cohorts will enroll pts with non-small cell lung cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, castration-resistant prostate cancer, melanoma, and other solid tumors at the dose level(s) determined based on cumulative data. DB-1311 will be administrated intravenously as monotherapy until disease progression, loss of clinical benefit, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent. The study plans to enroll approximately 90 pts in Phase 1 and 190 in Phase 2a from locations including but not limited to Australia, United States, China, and Taiwan. To the data cut-off 05 Dec 2023, 11 pts have been enrolled in the study. Citation Format: Ying Cheng, Aaron Lisberg, Charlotte Lemech, Afaf Abed, Arvind Chaudhry, Andrew Schmidt, Xin Lu, Zhongyuan Zhu, Wei Gu, Yang Qiu, Rong Shi, Bin Zhang. A phase 1/2a, multicenter, open-label, first-in-human study to assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary antitumor activity of DB-1311 (a B7-H3-targeting ADC) in patients with advanced/metastatic solid tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 2 (Late-Breaking, Clinical Trial, and Invited Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(7_Suppl):Abstract nr CT165.

Abstract Background: CHASE001 (NCT05544123), a prospective, non-interventional multicenter study exploring real-world treatment and referral behavior of Chinese county patients (pts) with HER2+ or HR+/HER2– breast cancer is ongoing since September 2022. A prespecified interim analysis (IA) on 750 HER2+ and HR+/HER2- early breast cancer (eBC) was reported at the ESMO Congress 2023. In the 2nd IA from CHASE001, adjuvant treatment selection for patients with HR+/HER2- eBC will be evaluated. Methods: The study was designed to enroll 2500 pts, including four cohorts (HER2+ eBC, HR+/HER2-eBC, HER2+ advanced BC, and HR+/HER2- aBC). In this IA, HR+/HER2- eBC pts after surgery were included. Descriptive statistics reported patient demographics, clinical and disease characteristics and treatment patterns. To investigate the factors associated with chemotherapy-free regimen, non-anthracycline chemotherapy regimen and ovarian function suppression (OFS), univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results: At data cutoff (May 17, 2023), 697 HR+/HER2- eBC pts (median age 52 years, 45.77% pT2, 50.93% pN0, 56.10% G2) were included from 26 institutions in China county areas, 338 (48.49%) were premenopausal. 584 (83.79%) received adjuvant chemotherapy, with a few (47/584, 8.05%) initially developing their treatment plan at a higher level hospital (national or provincial tertiary hospital). AC-T (309/584, 52.91%) was the most commonly used regimen. 181 (30.99%) pts received non-anthracycline chemotherapy regimen (mainly TC), and pts with N0, age≥65 years and ki67 &lt; 20% had the strongest association to this regimen (multivariate OR=0.082, 95%CI [0.037,0.179], OR=0.463, 95%CI [0.250,0.859], and OR=0.642, 95%CI [0.418,0.985], respectively). Interestingly, on univariate analysis pts initially diagnosed in a higher level hospital were significantly associated with non-anthracycline regimen (P=0.0109), however on multivariate analysis it was no longer significant. 483 pts received endocrine therapy, including 234 (48.45%) premenopausal pts. The most commonly used endocrine regimen for premenopausal pts was OFS/OFS+ (122/234, 52.14%) ,of which half (61, 50%) were prescribed OFS+TAM/TOR; followed by TAM/TOR monotherapy (69/234, 29.49%). The proportions of patients classified as low, intermediate, and high clinical risk for recurrence (investigator assessed)were 33.62%, 42.67% and 23.71%. The OFS rate were 39.74% in low, 61.62% in intermediate and 70.91% in high risk pts, respectively. Multivariable analyses found that high clinical risk, age &lt; 45 years and ki67 &lt; 20% were strongly associated with the use of OFS (OR=0.210, 95%CI [0.066,0.674], OR=0.327, 95%CI [0.165,0.649], and OR=0.405, 95%CI [0.194,0.845], respectively). For postmenopausal pts, AI monotherapy (84.74%) was the most commonly used endocrine regimen. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first real-world study evaluating the treatment patterns and referral behavior of BC pts in China counties. The 2nd IA results presented showed the current systemic adjuvant treatment preferences and influence factors from a large sample of HR+/HER2- eBC pts in China counties, which were generally consistent with China BC treatment guidelines. Table 1. Utilization of adjuvant systemic therapy regimens in 697 HR+/HER2− eBC pts, China counties AC-T: (dd)doxorubicin/epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, followed by (dd)paclitaxel/docetaxel; TC: paclitaxel/docetaxel, cyclophosphamide; AC: doxorubicin/epirubicin, cyclophosphamide; TAC: docetaxel, doxorubicin/epirubicin, cyclophosphamide; TAM: tamoxifen; OFS: ovarian function suppression; AI: aromatase inhibitors; TOR: toremifene; CDK4/6i: cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors; “Other” category includes various therapies used in &lt;1% of patients each Citation Format: Yinghua Ji, Honglan Qu, Feidu Zhou, Juan Wang, Qianfu Wu, Guohua Dai, Mengyou Liu, Wenbo He, Wei Liang, Qiuli Meng, Yun Ren, Guoxiang Luo, Hongjian Wang, Hui Liu, Zien Qin, Yingguo Tian, Huali Tang, Hongmei Liu, Jun Luo, Zengfeng Yu, Guinv Hu, Jianzhi Gao, Xiang Tan, Yi Liu, Yuanjiang Zhang, Ming Wang, Min Zhang, Ping Lu. Adjuvant Treatment Selection for County-Level Patients with HR+/HER2- Early Breast Cancer in a Real-Life Setting in China [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO2-16-08.

Abstract Introduction: HER2 is overexpressed on 15-20% of breast cancers and is a clinically important cancer driver. In spite of the HER2 targeted therapy’s success, most patients in the metastatic setting will eventually experience disease progression. ARX788 is an antibody drug conjugate (ADC) that consists of an anti-HER2 mAb and a potent tubulin inhibitor payload AS269, that is site-specifically conjugated to the antibody via a non-natural amino acid incorporated into antibody by using a proprietary EuCODE technology platform. The phase 1 study ACE-Breast-01 (ZMC-ARX788-111 [CTR20171162]) evaluates the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of ARX788 in patients in China with metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer. Methods: ACE-Breast-01 is an open label, single site, dose escalation study using a 3+3 study design in 69 heavily pretreated patients (median of 6 prior lines of therapy, range: 2-17) with metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer who received intravenous ARX788. While the ARX788 MTD has not been determined, the 1.5 mg/kg of ARX788 dose is reported herein. Eligible patients had histologically documented, incurable, locally advanced or metastatic HER2+ (IHC 3+ and/or FISH positive) breast cancer whose disease had failed prior anti-HER2 treatments in the advanced disease setting; ECOG performance ≤1; adequate organ function; no history of interstitial lung disease or other significant lung disease; no radiotherapy for pulmonary diseases including lung parenchyma; no history of keratitis, corneal disease, or active ocular infection; no unstable brain or spinal cord metastasis; and no history of hypersensitivity to trastuzumab or any component of ARX788. The DLT assessment period was 84 days for pulmonary toxicity and one cycle of duration for all other toxicities. Investigators assessed efficacy using RECIST 1.1 and evaluated safety using NCI-CTCAE V.4.1. Results: Nineteen patients showed clinical response in the 1.5 mg/kg Q3W cohort, with the confirmed objective response rate of 66% (19/29, exact 95% CI, 45.7% to 82.1%), with median duration of response of 14.4 months [95% CI (9.0, NA)]. The disease control rate (CR + PR + SD) among the 29 patients treated was 100%. All patients (29/29, 100%) received prior trastuzumab in addition to other anti-HER2 treatments. Patients were heavily treated with prior HER2-targeted therapies and demonstrated robust ORR ranging from 65-80% (Table 1). ARX788 was generally well tolerated with most adverse events being grade 1 or 2 and were manageable. Low systemic toxicity (low incidence and low grade of neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, decrease WBC counts, nausea, vomiting, constipation, fatigue, etc.) was observed. No DLT or drug-related deaths occurred, as of data cut-off of 30-Jun-2021. Conclusion: At the 1.5 mg/kg dose level, ARX788 had robust anti-tumor activity in patients whose disease was resistant/refractory to other HER2 targeted therapies and was generally well tolerated with low systemic toxicity. Table 1.Summary of ACE-Breast-01 Confirmed ORR in patients whose disease is resistant or refractory to prior HER2 treatment (trastuzumab, ADCs, TKIs, and bispecific antibodies) at ARX788 1.5 mg/kg Q3WPrior anti-HER2 therapy*Confirmed ORRTrastuzumab containing regimens*19/29 (66%)HER2 ADCs (T-DM1, DX126-262, A166, BAT8001, and HS630) regimens**4/5 (80%)​HER2 TKIs (lapatinib, pyrotinib, neratinib, AST-1306, and Hemay-022) regimens15/23 (65%)​Both HER2 ADC and HER2 TKI regimens3/4 (75%)Bispecific antibodies (KN026 and M802) containing regimens3/4 (75%)*All patients (29/29) received prior trastuzumab-containing regimens.**One patient who received prior pertuzumab also achieved confirmed PR. Citation Format: Jiang Zhang, Dongmei Ji, Weina Shen, Qin Xiao, Yajia Gu, Joyce O’Shaughnessy, Gang Xia, Yanping Ji, Gaozhun Xiong, Matt Li, Dong Xu, Robert Cartmell, Cynthia Song, Jinchun Yan, Xichun Hu. Safety and anti-tumor activity of ARX788 in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients whose disease is resistant/refractory to HER2 targeted agents (trastuzumab, ADCs, TKIs, and bispecific antibodies): ACE-Breast-01 trial results [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD8-04.

Studies in Media and Communication (SMC) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether SMC publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 6Abel Suing, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, EcuadorAina Fernàndez Aragonès, Tecnocampus-UPF, SpainAmie Jones, University of Georgia, USAAndré Iribure Rodrigues, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilAnita Šulentić, Edward Bernays University College, CroatiaAntonio García Gómez, University of Alcalá de Henares, SpainAyşe Aslı Sezgin, Çukurova University, TurkeyBabayo Sule, Federal University of Kashere Gombe State, NigeriaBarira Bakhtawar, Information Technology University of the Punjab, PakistanBernard Naledzani Rasila, University of Venda, South AfricaCamelia Cmeciu, Danubius University of Galati, RomaniaCarmen Pérez-Sabater, Universitat Politècnica de València, SpainDaniel Moise, Bucharest University, RomaniaDario Nikić Čakar, University of Zagreb, CroatiaDonggyu Kim, University of Southern California, USAElena Bandres-Goldaraz, Universtiy of Zaragoza, SpainEric Mensah, University of Cape Coast, GhanaFilosa Gita Sukmono, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, IndonesiaFrans Sayogie, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, IndonesiaFred Fang, South China Normal University, ChinaGebru Kahsay Kiflu, Adigrat University, EthiopiaGiorgio Poletti, University of Ferrara, ItalyGopolang Ditlhokwa, University of Botswana, BotswanaGordana Lesinger, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University in Osijek, CroatiaGraciela Padilla-Castillo, Complutense University of Madrid, SpainHerman, Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, IndonesiaImed Ben Labidi, Doha Institute for Graduate Studies, USAJarlene Rodrigues Reis, Cefet/RJ, BrazilJiagui Li, Macao Polytechnic University, MacaoJianbo Hou, Xi'an International Studies University, ChinaKhaled Al-Kassimi, American University in the Emirates, UAEKun Yu, Universiti Putra Malaysia, ChinaLidia Peralta García, University of Granada, SpainLucia Zbihlejová, University of Presov, SlovakiaMasduki Masduki, Universitas Islam Indonesia, IndonesiaMatthias Degen, Westphalian University of Applied Sciences, GermanyMohammad Zamroni, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University, IndonesiaMunira Fayzulloeva, Tajik State University of Law, TajikistanNavid Darvishzadeh, Georgia State University, USANingyang Chen, Soochow University, ChinaPatrick Neil M. Santiago, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, PhilippinesPeggy Peattie, University of San Diego, USAPhilemon Bantimaroudis, University of Cyprus, CyprusRafael Angel Salazar Martínez, University of Holguin-Mayari Municipality Center, CubaRafiza Luziani Varão Ribeiro Carvalho, University of Brasilia, BrazilRaúl Rojas-Andrés, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), SpainRefat Aljumily, Newcastle University, UKSarah Min, Dalton State College, USASeverin Mbog, University of Douala, CameroonStefan Bratosin, Paul Valéry University, FranceTeresa Martín García, University of Salamanca, SpainThaïs de Mendonça Jorge, University of Brasilia, BrazilVeneza Mayora Ronsini, Federal University of Santa Maria, BrazilXiao Li, Hubei Institute of Fine Arts, ChinaYoung Joon Lim, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, USAYufan Sunny Qin, James Madison University, USAYuyun Wahyu Izzati Surya, Airlangga University, IndonesiaZeinab Abulhul, George Mason University, USA Patricia JohnsonEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Studies in Media and CommunicationRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://smc.redfame.com

Abstract Oncogenic RET alterations confer constitutive activation in multiple types of human cancers. Two first-generation selective RET inhibitors selpercatinib and pralsetinib have been approved for patients with RET-driven solid tumors including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and thyroid cancer. However, critical unmet medical needs remain due to drug resistance caused by RET mutations in patients treated with the first-generation RET inhibitors. To address this emerging clinical issue, we discovered a highly potent and selective RET inhibitor with novel chemical scaffold through structure-based drug design, APS03118. Preclinical studies showed APS03118 had stronger in vitro and in vivo biological activity than the first-generation RET inhibitors targeting a broad range of RET fusions and mutations. Importantly, APS03118 was highly potent against a series of resistant RET mutations including the solvent front mutations RET G810C/R/S (IC50 0.04-5.72 nM) and gatekeeper mutations RET V804E/L/M (IC50 0.04-1.36 nM). Off-target screen analysis using the 468-kinase panel demonstrated APS03118 was highly selective for RET. APS03118 was orally bioavailable with good ADME and PK properties and markedly suppressed tumor growth in various RET-driven mouse xenograft tumor models (tumor growth inhibition 87-108% at 10-30 mg/kg BID). In addition, APS03118 exhibited excellent brain penetrating properties with strong efficacy in the in vivo orthotopic brain tumor model. GLP toxicity studies showed acceptable safety profiles. APS03118 received IND approval from both US FDA and China NMPA, and was granted the fast-track designation by FDA. We recently achieved First-in-Human milestone for APS03118 and the Ph 1 clinical trial is ongoing. As of January 5, 2024, three dose levels have been tested. Plasma exposure of APS03118 increased proportionally following single and repeated administration of APS03118 at different doses. APS03118 was well tolerated in NSCLC and thyroid cancer patients harboring RET fusions or mutations relapsed on the chemotherapy, multi-kinase inhibitor and first-generation RET inhibitor therapy. In addition to the favorable safety profiles, we observed sign of efficacy in the RET altered cancer patients in response to APS03118 treatment even in the early clinical trial testing. Partial response and stable disease were observed in patients 2-4 months after administration of APS03118 and dose limiting toxicity (DLT) dose has not been reached. Dose escalation for APS03118 is continuing. Taken together, APS03118 is a novel highly potent and selective next-generation RET inhibitor overcoming resistance following treatment with the first-generation RET inhibitors. APS03118 warrants further clinical development. Citation Format: Jun Zhong, Ruxue Xiao, Wenya Xie, Minchun Chen, Xiaohu Chen, Hao Wang, Yongbo Liu, Qin Gao, Xiupeng Wang, Zongbao Wang, Qian Chen, Jing Yang, Yizhe Ji, Yuxun Wang. Development of a novel next-generation RET inhibitor [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 2 (Late-Breaking, Clinical Trial, and Invited Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(7_Suppl):Abstract nr CT056.

Dear readers,We are pleased to present to you Issue 2, 2021, of the scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The Space of Culture. Upon the recommendation of the Expert Council of the Higher Attestation Commission, the journal is included in the List of Leading Peer-reviewed Scientific Journals and Publications in which the main scientific results of theses for the academic degrees of doctor and candidate of science must be published. The journal publishes scientific articles by leading specialists in various humanitarian fields, doctoral students, and graduate students. Research areas concern topical problems in multiple areas of culture, art, philology, and linguistics. This versatility of the review reveals the main specificity of the journal, which represents the current state of the cultural space. The article by the outstanding American historian of architecture, Robert Ousterhout, is devoted to the Russian architecture formation and questions of church construction development. E. Menshikova analyses the issues of ancient aesthetics and philosophy through the prism of the realities of the modern world in the article “The Paradox of a Liar – an Incredible Repetition. Part II. The Aristotle-Anokhin Diphthong”. Characteristic of the religious consciousness and philosophy of Confucianism, the ideas of the immortality of the spirit, filial piety, and etiquette, which have become firmly established in the burial culture of Ancient China, are explored by Xiang Wu in his article “Cultural Preconditions for the Formation of Stone Carved Sculpture in Ancient Chinese Mausoleums”. Qiu Mubing continues the theme of the Chinese funerary tradition of the Han period in the article “Items of Burial Cult in the Han Period. Bronze Items. Bronze Aesthetics in the Han Period”. The author analyses bronze items and concludes that the Bronze Age in China began with the emergence of Chinese civilisation and lasted, developing in stages, until the end of the period in question – the Han period. E. Vostrikova analyses the stylistic evolution of the Flowers and Birds genre in her article “The Hwajohwa Genre (“Flowers and Birds”) in Korean Traditional Painting of the Early and Middle Joseon Periods (Late 14th – Late 17th Centuries)”. The study identifies the historical and cultural context and the main terms for its designation, presents individual artistic trends, examines the techniques used in Korean traditional painting. Moreover, the author outlines the leading artists who worked in this genre during the indicated period. P. Kozorezenko investigates the artistic searches of the masters of the Severe style in the article “The Image of an Icon in the Art of the Artists of the Severe Style”. The author believes that ancient Russian art and its main embodiment, an icon, are one of the vivid elements of the creative palette of the Severe style masters. N. Beschastnov and E. Dergileva present the graphic heritage of Moscow artist A. Dergileva, limited by the period between 1980–1990, in the article “The Moscow Metro of Alena Dergileva: the Image of Stability and Features of Change”. The seemingly simple theme, “man and a city”, is developed in a multitude of complex relationships between plastic and compositional research. In the article “History and the Picturesque Image in Sergei Eisenstein’s Film Alexander Nevsky”, N. Lushchenkov examines the theme of picturesque images in films. The author analyses the dialogue of different types of art on the example of the film Alexander Nevsky, believing that these not so obvious, but deep in their idea and artistic structure, allusions to works of painting, book illustration and graphics manifest themselves most vividly and consistently in the context of the film. The fundamentals of the sacred space reconstruction on the example of the play Shakuntala are considered by P. Stepanova in the article “Reactualization of the Ritual Structure in the Performance of Jerzy Grotowsky’s Shakuntala by Kalidasa (1960)”. The author explores the main methods of working on new connections between the actor and the audience in a theatrical performance as a special form of complicity. The author considers the deconstruction of the stage space and the removal of a clear division into the stage and the audience to be one of the main means of expression at this stage of work. In the article “Design Culture of Team Strategies”, Y. Vaserchuk analyses modern forms of design activity that contribute to professional design development and compares the principles of designers’ teamwork that are similar in form but differ in content. The author identifies the types of project design thinking: from engineering and creative types to artistic and resource-based ones. The publication is addressed to professionals specialising in the theory and practice of the fine arts and philology and all those interested in the arts and culture.

BackgroundOrelabrutinib is an oral, highly-selective, irreversible inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK). Orelabrutinib has been approved for the treatment of B cell malignancies in China. Two distinct lupus animal models showed significant efficacy of orelabrutinib in reducing disease activity, which supported the clinical development of orelabrutinib in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).ObjectivesThis phase Ib/IIa, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding study aimed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), preliminary efficacy and biomarkers of orelabrutinib in patients with mild to moderate SLE who received standard of care (SoC) therapy.MethodsPatients diagnosed with SLE by the ACR classification criteria for ≥ 6 months, who had a SLEDAI-2K score ≥5 at screening, and were autoantibody-positive, were randomized 1:1:1:1 to receive oral orelabrutinib at 50mg, 80mg, 100mg or placebo once daily for 12 weeks, respectively.ResultsThis study randomized 60 patients with 55 patients who completed 12-week treatment. Age at baseline was 33.7±9.8 years and 96.7% were female. Baseline disease characteristics were generally balanced across treatment groups. Adverse events (AEs) were reported in 80%, 93.3% and 100% of orelabrutinib treated patients at doses of 50mg, 80mg and 100mg QD respectively versus 85.5% in placebo group. AEs were mostly mild or moderate. Treatment-related SAEs were reported in 3 patients treated with orelabrutinib, only 1 of which was grade 3. No deaths were reported. The plasma exposure of orelabrutinib (AUC and Cmax) was proportionally increased with doses. Nearly complete BTK occupancy was achieved at all dose levels, and the occupancy lasted for 24 hours without any decrease compared to that at 4 hour post-dosing. In all evaluable patients, the SLE Response Index (SRI)-4 response rates at week 12 were 50.0%, 61.5% and 64.3% in patients treated with orelabrutinib at 50mg (n=14), 80mg (n=13) and 100mg (n=14) respectively, compared with 35.7% in patients treated with placebo (n=14), which indicated the trend of dose-dependent improvement. Among the subgroup of patients with SLEDAI-2K≥8 at screening, SRI-4 response occurred in 70%, 70% and 66.7% of patients treated with orelabrutinib at 50mg (n=10), 80mg (n=10) and 100mg (n=9), respectively, compared with 30% who received placebo (n=10). Trends of reduced proteinuria, anti-dsDNA and IgG, total B cells and increased complements C4 were also observed following orelabrutinib treatment.ConclusionOrelabrutinib was generally safe and well tolerated in patients with SLE. Preliminary results also suggested encouraging efficacy which supports further development of orelabrutinib in larger and longer trials for SLE.Table 1.Efficacy results at week 12.All Evaluable PatientsPlaceboOrelabrutinibOrelabrutinibOrelabrutinib50 mg80 mg100 mgN=5514141314SRI-4 response, n (%)5 (35.7%)7 (50.0%)8 (61.5%)9 (64.3%)Treatment difference vs. PBO (%)14.3%25.8%28.6%SLEDAI-2K≥8, N=391010109SRI-4 response, n (%)3 (30.0%)7 (70.0%)7 (70.0%)6 (66.7%)Treatment difference vs. PBO (%)40.0%40.0%36.7%Note: All evaluable patients at week 12 efficacy data were included in the efficacy analysis.Figure 1.SRI-4 response rates at week 12.Disclosure of InterestsRu Li: None declared, Xiaoxia Zhu: None declared, Shengyun Liu: None declared, Xiao Zhang: None declared, Changhao Xie: None declared, Zili Fu: None declared, Anbin Huang: None declared, Lingyun Sun: None declared, Dongzhou Liu: None declared, Jinxia Zhao: None declared, Lin Wu: None declared, Zhoushuai Qin Employee of: InnoCare Pharma Limited., Sichen Li Employee of: InnoCare pharma Limited., Yaorong Liu Employee of: InnoCare pharma Limited., Zhanguo Li: None declared

Abstract Background: As a first-echelon nodal drainage site of breast cancer, the status of axillary lymph nodes (ALN) and internal mammary lymph nodes (IMLN) is both valuable for regional staging and treatment choice. The internal mammary sentinel lymph node biopsy (IM-SLNB) may provide minimally invasive staging, and guide individual IMLN radiation. Modified technique (periareolar intraparenchymal, high volume and ultrasound guidance) got a high internal mammary sentinel lymph nodes (IM-SLN) visualization rate of 71.1% in single center, and the prospective multicenter study was designed to verify its repeatability (CBCSG026, NCT03541278). High visualization rate and low false negative rate are prerequisites for the widespread of IM-SLNB. The question arises as to whether IM-SLN detected with the modified technique should be considered as “true” IM-SLN. The prospective, multicenter, clinical validation study of IM-SLNB followed by internal mammary lymph node dissection (IM-LND) was designed to verify the accuracy of IM-SLNB in patients with ALN positive breast cancer (CBCSG027, NCT03024463). Methods: While CBCSG026 trial enrolled patients with both axillary negative and positive breast cancer, CBCSG027 trial only enrolled axillary positive patients receiving mastectomy (either biopsy proving cN+ disease or cN0 with positive axillary SLN). The 1st to 3rd intercostal IM-LND was performed immediately after IM-SLNB to verify its accuracy in the CBCSG027 trial. Result: From May 2018 to June 2022, 600 and 264 patients were enrolled in the CBCSG026 and CBCSG027 trial from seven centers in China, respectively. Among the 600 recruited patients in the CBCSG026, the IM-SLN visualization rate was 65.0% (390/600), which was significantly related to patient’s age, body mass index, radiotracer intensity and interval time between injection and IM-SLN identification (all P&lt; 0.05). The IM-SLNB successful rate was 97.4% (380/390), and the complication was 6.9%. The median number of IM-SLN was 1. The overall IM-SLN metastases rate was 18.9% (72/380), with 33.0% (65/195) and 3.8% (7/185) in ALN positive and negative patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the tumor size (P=0.028), the tumor location (P&lt; 0.001) and the number of positive ALNs (P&lt; 0.001) were independent predictors of IM-SLN metastasis. Those variables were included in a novel nomogram (Table 1), which was significantly better than the probability based on the number of metastatic ALNs alone according to the current guidelines (area under the curve: 0.860 vs. 0.804, P&lt; 0.001). Of the 264 patients enrolled in the CBCSG027 trial, 185 patients (70.1%) had IM-SLN visualization (included 107 with cN+ disease and 78 with positive axillary SLN). The median number of IM-SLN and IM-nSLN was 2 (1~4) and 3 (1~9), respectively. The positive rate of IMLN and IM-SLN was 37.8% (70/185) and 36.8% (68/185), respectively, yielding the false negative rate of IM-SLNB 2.9% (2/70), the accuracy of 98.9% (183/185) and the sensitivity of 97.1% (68/70). The false negative rate of patients with cN+ disease and patients with positive axillary SLN was 4.8% (2/42) and 0, respectively. The positive IM-SLNs were the only positive IMLNs identified in 51.4% (36/70) patients. IM-SLNB can change the pN stages of 37.2% (68/183) patients. IMLN irradiation could be avoided in 72.7% (80/110) patients with axillary pN1 and 46.7% (35/75) with pN2/N3 disease in the study. Conclusions: The modified technique of radiotracer injection (periareolar intraparenchymal, high volume, and ultrasound guidance) can significantly improve the detection rate of IM-SLN with very low false-negative rate with the prospective, multicenter validation results, providing minimally invasive staging and guiding individual IMLN radiation. When there is no IM-SLN visualization, the nomogram can predict the risk of IMLN metastasis and guide IMLN radiation. The nomogram which can predict the risk of IMLN metastasis The nomogram which can predict the risk of IMLN metastasis Citation Format: Yong-Sheng Wang, Qing Lu, Shi-Guang Zhu, Wen-He Zhao, Guang-Lun Yang, Yuan-Xi Huang, Hong Zhong, Xiao Sun, Pengfei Qiu. Prospective, multicenter, clinical validation study of the repeatability and accuracy of internal mammary sentinel lymph node biopsy with modified injection technique (CBCSG026/CBCSG027) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-14-06.

Introdução: A candidemia é uma das infecções nasocomiais mais frequentes a nível mundial e apresenta diferentes espécies de Candida envolvidas com o desenvolvimento dessa patologia. Objetivo: Este estudo analisou os aspectos epidemiológicos e as diferentes espécies de Candida associadas à candidemia. Material e Métodos: Uma revisão de literatura foi realizada, através da leitura de artigos científicos publicados nas bases de dados Pubmed e Scielo nos últimos cinco anos. Utilizou-se as seguintes combinações de descritores: Candidemia, Candidemia e Prevalência, Candidemia e Incidência, Candidemia e Candida. Resultados: A candidemia é a infecção fúngica mais hostil atualmente encontrada e prevalente nas populações estudadas. A população mais afetada são os recém-nascidos. Apresenta altas taxas de mortalidade e disseminação em várias partes do mundo. A nutrição parenteral, a administração de antibióticos de amplo espectro, hospitalização prolongada, cirurgia prévia e colonização por Candida sp são os principais fatores de risco relatados na literatura. Múltiplas espécies fúngicas estão associadas a essa condição, porém C. albicans é a mais predominante, seguida por C. parapsilosis e C. tropicalis. Conclusões: A Candidemia é uma patologia prevalente e apresenta alta incidência e morbimortalidade nas populações estudadas das diferentes partes do mundo. C. albicans é a espécie mais associada, seguida por C. parapsilosis e C. tropicalis. Descritores: Candidemia; Prevalência; Incidência; Candida. Referências Treviño-Rangel RJ, Peña-López CD, Hernández-Rodríguez PA, Beltrán-Santiago D, González GM. Association between Candida biofilm-forming bloodstream isolates and the clinical evolution in patients with candidemia: An observational nine-year single center study in Mexico. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2018;35(1):11-16. Kaur H, Chakrabarti A. 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Neonatal and pediatric candidemia: results from population-based active laboratory surveillance in four US locations, 2009-2015. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2018;7(3):e78-e85. Bhattacharjee P. Epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species in a tertiary care hospital, Kolkata, India. Curr Med Mycol. 2016;2(2):20-7. Breda GL, Tuon FF, Meis JF, Herkert PF, Hagen F, de Oliveira LZ, Dias VC, da Cunha CA, Queiroz-Telles F. Breakthrough candidemia after the introduction of broad spectrum antifungal agents: A 5-year retrospective study. Med Mycol. 2018;56(4):406-15 Caggiano G, Lovero G, De Giglio O, Barbuti G, Montagna O, Laforgia N et al. Candidemia in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: a retrospective, observational survey and analysis of literature Data. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:7901763. Fu J, Ding Y, Wei B, Wang L, Xu S, Qin P, Wei L, Jiang L. Epidemiology of Candida albicans and non-C.albicans of neonatal candidemia at a tertiary care hospital in western China. 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Can Gio mangrove forest (CGM) is located downstream of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), situated between an estuarine system of Dong Nai - Sai Gon river and a part of Vam Co river. The CGM is the largest restored mangrove forest in Vietnam and the UNESCO’s Mangrove Biosphere Reserve. The CGM has been gradually facing to numeric challenges of global climate change, environmental degradation and socio-economic development for the last decades. To evaluate sediment quality in the CGM, we collected 13 cores to analyze for sediment grain size, organic matter content, and trace element concentration of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn. Results showed that trace element concentrations ranged from uncontaminated (Cd, Cu, and Zn) to very minor contaminated (Cr, Ni, and Pb). The concentrations were gradually influenced by suspended particle size and the mangrove plants.ReferencesAnh M.T., Chi D.H., Vinh N.N., Loan T.T., Triet L.M., Slootenb K.B.-V., Tarradellas J., 2003. 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The pandemic of COVID-19 has afflicted every individual and has initiated a cascade of directly or indirectly involved events in precipitating mental health issues. The human species is a wanderer and hunter-gatherer by nature, and physical social distancing and nationwide lockdown have confined an individual to physical isolation. The present review article was conceived to address psychosocial and other issues and their aetiology related to the current pandemic of COVID-19. The elderly age group has most suffered the wrath of SARS-CoV-2, and social isolation as a preventive measure may further induce mental health issues. Animal model studies have demonstrated an inappropriate interacting endogenous neurotransmitter milieu of dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, and opioids, induced by social isolation that could probably lead to observable phenomena of deviant psychosocial behavior. Conflicting and manipulated information related to COVID-19 on social media has also been recognized as a global threat. Psychological stress during the current pandemic in frontline health care workers, migrant workers, children, and adolescents is also a serious concern. Mental health issues in the current situation could also be induced by being quarantined, uncertainty in business, jobs, economy, hampered academic activities, increased screen time on social media, and domestic violence incidences. The gravity of mental health issues associated with the pandemic of COVID-19 should be identified at the earliest. Mental health organization dedicated to current and future pandemics should be established along with Government policies addressing psychological issues to prevent and treat mental health issues need to be developed. References World Health Organization (WHO) Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. 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Climate change induced sea-level rise (SLR) is on its increase globally. Regionally the lowlands of China, Vietnam, Bangladesh, and islands of the Malaysian, Indonesian and Philippine archipelagos are among the world’s most threatened regions. Sea-level rise has major impacts on the ecosystems and society. It threatens coastal populations, economic activities, and fragile ecosystems as mangroves, coastal salt-marches and wetlands. This paper provides a summary of the current state of knowledge of sea level-rise and its effects on both human and natural ecosystems. The focus is on coastal urban areas and low lying deltas in South-East Asia and Vietnam, as one of the most threatened areas in the world. About 3 mm per year reflects the growing consensus on the average SLR worldwide. The trend speeds up during recent decades. The figures are subject to local, temporal and methodological variation. In Vietnam the average values of 3.3 mm per year during the 1993-2014 period are above the worldwide average. Although a basic conceptual understanding exists that the increasing global frequency of the strongest tropical cyclones is related with the increasing temperature and SLR, this relationship is insufficiently understood. Moreover the precise, complex environmental, economic, social, and health impacts are currently unclear. SLR, storms and changing precipitation patterns increase flood risks, in particular in urban areas. Part of the current scientific debate is on how urban agglomeration can be made more resilient to flood risks. Where originally mainly technical interventions dominated this discussion, it becomes increasingly clear that proactive special planning, flood defense, flood risk mitigation, flood preparation, and flood recovery are important, but costly instruments. Next to the main focus on SLR and its effects on resilience, the paper reviews main SLR associated impacts: Floods and inundation, salinization, shoreline change, and effects on mangroves and wetlands. The hazards of SLR related floods increase fastest in urban areas. This is related with both the increasing surface major cities are expected to occupy during the decades to come and the increasing coastal population. In particular Asia and its megacities in the southern part of the continent are increasingly at risk. The discussion points to complexity, inter-disciplinarity, and the related uncertainty, as core characteristics. An integrated combination of mitigation, adaptation and resilience measures is currently considered as the most indicated way to resist SLR today and in the near future.References Aerts J.C.J.H., Hassan A., Savenije H.H.G., Khan M.F., 2000. Using GIS tools and rapid assessment techniques for determining salt intrusion: Stream a river basin management instrument. 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AbstractFlood control initiated Chinese civilization. Chinese civilization has a long history, and Chinese ancestors invented “aquatic engineering technology” for flood control and water management, including the Fascine body, as early as two thousand years ago. The Fascine body is a structure used to protect the bank and prevent breaching of an ancient Chinese flood control project. Excavation of the Shahe ancient bridge ruins in Xi’an City, Shaanxi Province, China led to discovery of a Fascine body structure. Through 14C dating, fibre, slice observations, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analyses and SEM energy spectrum analyses of the fascine material, microbes in the structure and the surrounding soil were identified, the dominant microbial community was analyzed, and microbial diseases were controlled in a targeted manner. Research on the fascine bank ruins identified the width and length boundaries of the Shahe ancient bridge, determined the exact age of the Shahe ancient bridge, provided important materials for research on ancient bridges, river embankments and other ruins, and provided important clues for the traffic and layout around Chang’an during the Qin and Han Dynasties of Chinese history.

AbstractThe ancient Qin-Shu roads corridor is one of the important cultural main corridors in China. Throughout China’s long historical and cultural evolution, today’s ancestors created a rich intangible cultural heritage along this route. Studying its intangible cultural heritage has important theoretical and practical significance for the protection and innovation of cultural heritage in this region. The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of intangible cultural heritage along the ancient Qin-Shu roads and explore the main factors affecting its distribution. The nearest neighbor index, kernel density estimation, standard deviation ellipse, location entropy, buffer analysis and other methods were used. The results show that (1) The types of intangible cultural heritage of the ancient Qin-Shu roads are expressed in three echelons. Traditional handicrafts are the most numerous, folk custom and traditional music are the second most numerous, the other categories of ICH are third in quantity overall, among which traditional medicine and sports recreation competition are the scarcest. (2) The overall spatial distribution of intangible cultural heritage along the ancient Qin-Shu roads shows an agglomeration distribution. Its distribution pattern places the central cities (Xi'an, Chengdu and Chongqing) at the core, gradually spreading out and decreasing in density as it reaches peripheral districts and counties. There are significantly differ in the core areas of different types of intangible cultural heritage. (3) In the process of historical development, the intangible cultural heritage of the ancient Qin-Shu roads demonstrated an overall change pattern of “three rising and three falling”. That is, during Qin and Han Dynasties, Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, and Ming and Qing Dynasties, culture flourished, while in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Song and Yuan Dynasties, modern times culture developed slowly. The overall trajectory of the center of gravity of intangible cultural heritage shifted from the northeast to the southwest. (4) Natural and human factors, such as topography, climate, transportation, traditional villages and population evolution, have an important impact on the spatial pattern of the intangible cultural heritage of the ancient Qin-Shu roads. The results of this study provide a useful reference for the theoretical research and practical management of intangible cultural heritage.

Abstract The 6th International Conference on Electrical, Mechanical and Computer Engineering (ICEMCE 2022) was successfully held on October 28th-30th, 2022 in Xi’an China (virtual conference). ICEMCE 2022 created an ideal platform for experts, scholars and researchers engaged in Electrical, Mechanical and Computer Engineering to share views and experiences, promoting the application and development of theories and technologies and establishing business or research contacts for all the participants. In the conference, we were greatly honored to have Prof. Songgang Qiu from West Virginia University, USA a to serve as our Conference Chair. The conference covered keynote speeches, oral presentations and online Q&A discussion, attracting more than 160 delegates from all over the world. Firstly, the keynote speakers were each allocated 30-45 minutes to address their speeches. Then in the oral presentations, the excellent papers we had selected were presented by their authors one by one. Four sophisticated professors were invited to hold keynote speeches during the conference. Among them, Prof. Yang Xiao from Southwest Petroleum University, China performed a keynote speech on the title: Development of Key Technologies of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality and Their Application. Focusing on the development trend of virtual reality and augmented reality technology, this study summarized the technical characteristics, the development status of key technologies, and the wide application of virtual reality and augmented reality, aiming at laying a more solid foundation for the continuous development and application of virtual reality augmented reality technology. Moreover, Prof. Yanjiao Chen from Zhejiang University, China made a report on Blackbox Enrollment-Phase Attacks on Smart Speaker Recognition Systems. In this presentation, we explored a new attack surface of SRSs by presenting an enrollment-phase attack paradigm, designed carefully continuous adversarial perturbations into innocent-sounding ambient sound, and optimized over adversarial segments with content desensitization and physical realization, reveals the vulnerability of SRSs during the enrollment phase, which may spur future research in improving the security of SRSs. Their dramatic speeches had triggered heated discussion. And every participant praised this conference for disseminating insightful knowledge. We are glad to share with you that we’ve selected a bunch of high-quality papers from the submissions and compiled them into the proceedings after rigorously reviewing them. These papers feature but are not limited to the following topics: Computer Simulation, Smart Grid, Electric Energy Processing, Mechanical Dynamics, etc. All the papers have been checked through rigorous review and processes to meet the requirements of publication. We would like to acknowledge all of those who supported ICEMCE 2022 and made it a great success. Particularly, we would like to thank the Journal of Physics: Conference Series, for the efforts of all its colleagues in publishing this paper volume. We truly believe that all the attendees have had fruitful discussions and gained valuable knowledge, and will enjoy the opportunity for future collaborations. The Committee of ICEMCE 2022 List of Committee member is available in this Pdf.

Article Macroscopic and Microscopic Characteristics of a GDI Spray Under Various Thermodynamic Conditions Jian Li 1, Lulu Li 1, Rujie Xiao 1, Yuanfei Liang 1, Shuyi Qiu 2, and Xuesong Li 2,* 1 SAIC GM Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd., 18 Hexi Rd, Liunan District, Liuzhou 545001, China 2 School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China * Correspondence: xuesonl@sjtu.edu.cn Received: 12 June 2023 Accepted: 9 August 2023 Published: 28 August 2023 Abstract: Gasoline direct injection (GDI) is the most common and advanced fuel supply strategy for gasoline engines. The fuel atomization quality and fuel/air mix degree determine the subsequent combustion efficiency and emissions. However, the engine works in complex conditions which have numerous thermodynamic boundary conditions, and the characteristics of fuel atomization also change accordingly. It is necessary to clarify the influence of various thermodynamic conditions on the GDI spray. In this work, three different types of optics diagnostic methods were utilized to capture the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of a commercial GDI injector spray under various thermodynamic boundary conditions. Specifically, Mie-scattering photography was employed to get the macroscopic parameters; planar Mie-scattering photography was utilized to get the spray pattern; phase Doppler interferometry (PDI) was used to get the microscopic characteristic, i.e., the droplet size distributions. It is found from this study that higher injection pressure, lower ambient pressure, and lower ambient temperature would lead to longer penetration and larger plume width. Lower ambient pressure and higher ambient temperature would cause a smaller spray pattern. Higher injection pressure, lower ambient pressure, and higher ambient temperature would result in smaller droplet sizes.

The Chinese members of the genera Leptothorax Mayr, 1855 and Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 are reviewed based on the morphological characters of the worker caste, and 66 species are recognized in China to date. A new synonym is proposed: T. opaciabdomin (Chang &#38; He, 2001) is a junior synonym of T. mongolicus (Pisarski, 1969). Twenty-eight new species of Temnothorax, T. bailu sp. nov., T. chun sp. nov., T. chunfen sp. nov., T. chushu sp. nov., T. dahan sp. nov., T. dashu sp. nov., T. daxue sp. nov., T. dong sp. nov., T. dongzhi sp. nov., T. guyu sp. nov., T. hanlu sp. nov., T. jingzhe sp. nov., T. lichun sp. nov., T. lidong sp. nov., T. liqiu sp. nov., T. lixia sp. nov., T. mangzhong sp. nov., T. qingming sp. nov., T. qiu sp. nov., T. qiufen sp. nov.,T. shuangjiang sp. nov., T. xia sp. nov., T. xiaohan sp. nov., T. xiaoman sp. nov., T. xiaoshu sp. nov., T. xiaoxue sp. nov., T. xiazhi sp. nov., T. yushui sp. nov., are described from China based on worker caste. Three species of Temnothorax, T. desioi (Menozzi, 1939), T. susamyri (Dlussky, 1965) and T. volgensis (Ruzsky, 1905) are recorded in China for the first time. The following eight species are recorded in a province or autonomous region of China for the first time: Leptothorax acervorum (Fabricius, 1793) is a new record in Qinghai, Sichuan and Yunnan; Temnothorax angulohumerus Zhou et al., 2010 is a new record in Guizhou and Tibet; T. argentipes (Wheeler, 1928) is a new record in Sichuan and Yunnan; T. mongolicus (Pisarski, 1969) is a new record in Inner Mongolia; T. reticulatus (Chang &#38; He, 2001) is a new record in Beijing, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Shaanxi and Yunnan; T. spinosior (Forel, 1901) is a new record in Yunnan; T. taivanensis (Wheeler, 1929) is a new record in Guizhou, Sichuan and Yunnan; and T. zhejiangensis Zhou et al., 2010 is a new record in Henan and Guangxi. A key based on the worker caste is provided for the 66 known Chinese species.

The 2022 2nd International Conference on Computer Technology, Information Engineering and Electron Materials (CTIEEM 2022) was successfully held in Guangzhou, China from November 25th-27th, 2022 (virtual form). The conference is a leading academic conference and has the potential to bring new horizons and insights to the researchers and practitioners in the fields related to computer technology, information engineering and electron materials. CTIEEM 2022 created an academic platform for academic sharing and scientific innovation, brought together experts, scholars, and engineering and technical personnel from all over the world to present their research results and exchange ideas, promoted the industrial cooperation of academic achievements, and facilitated future business or research contacts among all the participants. The scope of the conference covered all areas of research in computer technology, information engineering and electron materials, including Wireless Sensor Network, Array Signal Processing Technology, Intelligent and Optimal Control System, Electrical Engineering Materials, Magnetic Material, etc. The conference brought together about 50 participants, primarily from China, but also from Malaysia, Korea, and other countries. A three-day program of the conference was divided into three sessions, including keynote speeches, oral presentations, and academic investigation. Each keynote speaker was given 30-40 minutes for keynote speeches and every presenter was given 10-15 minutes. Among them, Prof. Qin Xin from University of the Faroe Islands, Denmark is one of our keynote speakers and performed a wonderful keynote speech for us. His researches mainly focus on the design and analysis of sequential, parallel and distributed algorithms for various communication and optimization problems in wireless communication networks, as well as cryptography and digital currencies including quantum money. Moreover, he also investigates the combinatorial optimization problems with applications in Bioinformatics, Data Mining and Space Research and has produced more than 111 peer reviewed scientific papers, which are mainly published in leading international conferences and journals, such as ICALP, ACM PODC, IEEE MASS, ISAAC, IEEE ICC, etc. Currently, Prof. Qin Xin is serving on Management Committee Board of Denmark for several EU ICT projects. The insightful speeches of each keynote speakers triggered interesting discussions and a good number of informal talks between all the participants. We would like to thank all the participants in the 2022 2nd International Conference on Computer Technology, Information Engineering and Electron Materials. Besides, our special acknowledgement goes to the Journal of Physics: Conference Series, for the endeavor of all its colleagues in publishing this paper volume. We are sure that the proceedings of CTIEEM 2022 will serve as an important research source for references, which will contribute to not only scientific and engineering progress but also other new products and processes. The Committee of CTIEEM 2022 List of Committee member are available in this pdf