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1
Vilalta, Ricard, Raul Muñoz, Ramon Casellas, Ricardo Martinez, and Javier Vı´lchez. "GMPLS-enabled MPLS-TP/PWE3 node with integrated 10Gbps tunable DWDM transponders: design and experimental evaluation." Computer Networks 56, no. 13 (September 2012): 3123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2012.04.016.
Повний текст джерела
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Arinzechi, Eugene O., Olubunmi A. Ogunrin, Cosmas M. Nwosu, Paul O. Nwani, Kelechi O. Enwereji, Lasbrey A. Asomugha, and Uche Dimkpa. "A community-based case–control study of prevalence and pattern of cognitive impairments in patients with epilepsy residing in South-Eastern Nigeria." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 07, no. 03 (July 2016): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.181488.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Background: Epilepsy is the commonest neurological disorder encountered in Sub-Saharan Africa. The quality of life of patients with epilepsy (PWEs) is adversely affected by cognitive impairments. Aim: This study investigated the prevalence and pattern of cognitive impairments in PWE in Ukpo community located in a South-Eastern state in Nigeria using Community Screening Interview for Dementia (CSID) and a computer-assisted cognitive test battery (FePsy). Methods and Patients: Fifty-one PWEs were studied and compared with 51 age-, sex-and level of education-matched healthy controls. Diagnosis of epilepsy was confirmed clinically with eye-witness corroboration. Sociodemographic data and information on epilepsy variables were obtained with the aid of a questionnaire. Cognitive domains assessed include language, memory, orientation, attention, psychomotor speed and constructional praxis. Results: The prevalence rate of cognitive impairment using total CSID score was 19.6%. Analysis of CSID scores revealed significant impairment in language (17.6%), memory (29.4%), orientation (15.7%), attention (7.8%) and constructional praxis (15.7%) compared to healthy controls. A similar pattern was observed with FePsy but with better sensitivity indices for detecting cognitive impairment. Conclusion: This study indicated significant prevalence rate of cognitive impairment among treatment-naïve PWE with profound affectation of memory, mental speed and language. In addition, the FePsy was found to be more sensitive and specific in assessment of cognitive function in PWE.
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Wang, Wang, Yiheng Huang, Jinzhen Cao, and Yuan Zhu. "Penetration and distribution of paraffin wax in wood of loblolly pine and Scots pine studied by time domain NMR spectroscopy." Holzforschung 72, no. 2 (January 26, 2018): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2017-0030.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractImpregnation of wood with paraffin wax emulsion (PWE) is a common eco-friendly approach for improving water repellency. In this study, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvesteris) samples were impregnated with PWEs with different solid contents and particle sizes, and the influence of the impregnation parameters on wax penetration and distribution in treated wood was elucidated by time domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR). A good linear correlation (R2=0.981) between wax content determined by TD-NMR and weight percent gain (WPG) of the impregnated wood was established. According to wax loading and distribution data, loblolly pine has a much better permeability than Scots pine. With decreasing solid content and particle size, the penetration of PWE increases in both species. The water contact angles (CA) on the surface at different depths of wood were also determined, and the CA results were consistent with the wax distribution found by the TD-NMR analysis.
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Vongkasamchai, Nutthaya, Sunee Lertsinudom, Acharawan Topark-Ngarm, Udomlack Peansukwech, Kittisak Sawanyawisuth, Somsak Tiamkao, and Integrated Epilepsy Research Group. "Prevalence of Provocative Seizures in Persons with Epilepsy: A Longitudinal Study at Khon Kaen University Hospital, Thailand." Neurology Research International 2015 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/659189.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background and Objective. Provocative factors are one causative factor of seizure attacks in persons with epilepsy (PWE). There are limited data of prevalence and major provocative factors in Asian populations.Methods. This study was performed at the Epilepsy Clinic, Khon Kaen University Hospital. The patients who aged 15 years or over, who had been treated at least 3 months with at least one antiepileptic drug, and who were followed up for at least one year were included. Data of seizure control and triggers were collected retrospectively from medical records. Data analysis was performed to identify independent provocative factors.Results. A total of 382 PWE met the study criteria. The mean age was40.4±0.8years. Approximately 44% of the patients had at least one provocative factor. By multivariate analysis, the independent provocative factors with the first three highest adjusted odds ratios were sleep deprivation (adjustedOR=8.64, 95% CI 3.73–19.99), alcohol consumption (adjustedOR=6.76, 95% CI 1.44–31.78), and feeling stressful (adjustedOR=2.97, 95% CI 1.29–6.86).Conclusion. Almost half of seizure attacks may be caused by provocative factors in Thai PWEs and some factors may be preventable. Avoidance of these factors should be emphasized to epilepsy patients for improving clinical outcomes and quality of life.
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Tedrus, Glória Maria de Almeida Souza, and Laura Annoni Lange. "Memory complaints, clinical aspects, and self-esteem in adult people with epilepsy." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 15, no. 3 (September 2021): 357–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-030007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Memory complaints are common in adult people with epilepsy (PWEs). However, the associated clinical aspects are not yet fully understood. Objective: This study aims to relate the occurrence of memory complaints in PWEs with clinical aspects and self-esteem. Methods: To relate the data obtained from the Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q) with clinical aspects, 71 PWEs were assessed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the Brief Cognitive Battery-Edu. These data were compared with 55 individuals in a control group (CG). Results: Memory complaints (MAC-Q≥25) were significantly higher in PWEs, when compared with individuals in the CG [35 (49.3%) vs. 15 (27.2%); Student’s t-test; p=0.012]. Objective cognitive performance was lower in PWEs. Memory complaints were associated with a lower educational level, the presence of depression, SES, MMSE, incidental memory, and the clock-drawing test scores in PWEs. Conclusions: Memory complaints were more frequent in PWEs than in individuals in the CG, and there was a relationship with cognitive deficit, educational level, depression, and low self-esteem.
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Christopher, Andrew N., and Jason R. Jones. "HOW IS THE PROTESTANT WORK ETHIC RELATED TO THE NEED FOR COGNITION? A FACTOR ANALYTIC ANSWER." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 30, no. 8 (January 1, 2002): 741–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2002.30.8.741.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To examine the relationship between the Protestant work ethic (PWE) and the need for cognition (NFC), 210 Americans completed the Mirels and Garrett (1971) PWE scale and the Cacioppo, Petty, and Kao (1984) NFC scale. Although there was no relationship between the composite PWE scale and NFC, there were relationships between two of three PWE factors and NFC. Specifically, correlational analyses revealed that the PWE factor of hard work as a means to success was negatively related to NFC, whereas the PWE factor of antileisure was positively related to NFC. Results are discussed with respect to the multidimensional structure of various PWE measures. Issues concerning the multifaceted nature of the PWE and future research directions are also considered.
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Hussain, A. Zahir, Sumit Raj, and R. Anand. "Experimental Investigation on Diesel Engine Using Processed Waste Engine Oil." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 1580–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.1580.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An experimental investigation on the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of single cylinder water cooled diesel test engine was carried out at a constant speed of 1500 rpm with processed waste engine oil. The experiments were carried out at different load conditions from no load to 110% load. To compare the results obtained the baseline readings were taken with diesel. The standard operating condition of the engine was 200 bar injection pressure and 23° before Top Dead Center (bTDC). For processed Waste Engine Oil (pWEO) fuel operation the Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) obtained at rated load point was 32.18 %. at 100 % load and pWEO gave a peak pressure of 64.46 bar compared to 66.12 bar for diesel. There was a 5 % reduction in the Nitrous Oxide (NO) emission with pWEO. Heat release rate (HRR) and exhaust gas temperature showed considerable reduction with pWEO fuel operation.
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Zúñiga, Carolina, David Aguado, and Patricio Cabrera-Tenecela. "Values That Work: Exploring the Moderator Role of Protestant Work Ethics in the Relationship between Human Resources Practices and Work Engagement and Organizational Citizenship Behavior." Administrative Sciences 12, no. 1 (January 17, 2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci12010011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research aimed to analyze the moderating effect that Protestant work ethics (PWE) have on the relationship between human resources practices (HRP) and (a) work engagement (WE) and (b) organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The sample consisted of 299 participants. The results revealed that PWE moderates the relationship between HRP and WE and OCB through five dimensions. The dimensions of PWE-leisure and PWE-centrality of work are moderators between the HRP and the WE. The dimensions of PWE-morality–ethics, PWE-wasted time, PWE-delay of gratification, and PWE-leisure moderate the relationship between HRP and OCB. The analysis offers additional evidence to existing literature in understanding how human resources practices facilitate the development of work engagement and citizenship behaviors. The workers’ values play an essential role here to strengthen that relationship and mitigate its harmful effects.
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TEDRUS, Gloria Maria de Almeida Souza, João Fernando Cloclet Pio da SILVA, and Gabriel Santaterra BARROS. "The impact of COVID-19 on patients with epilepsy." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 79, no. 4 (April 2021): 310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0517.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing can have adverse impacts on adult people with epilepsy (PWE). Objective: To investigate the seizure frequency, the perceived well-being, and the presence of anxiety symptoms in PWE during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Methods: Data from a questionnaire on the repercussions of COVID-19 were analyzed in relation to the clinical variables of 114 PWE, with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: There were 26 cases of COVID-19 in PWE and/or family members (22.8%). During the pandemic period, 11 PWE (9.6%) reported an increase in seizures, but unrelated to COVID-19. Also, the number of crises in PWE with previous depressive disorders increased, with differences between epilepsies. Symptoms of depression, impaired well-being, and concern for their lifestyle were significant in PWE with a previous diagnosis of depression. Impaired well-being, increased anxiety, nervousness, and tiredness, and the concern with being infected were mentioned by a high number of PWE in the pandemic. Conclusion: Seizure frequency increased during the pandemic period, a finding associated with clinical variables of epilepsy. PWE with depression had worse perceived well-being. Changes in well-being and increased anxiety and nervousness were frequent in the pandemic.
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Xu, Shigang, and Yang Liu. "Pseudoacoustic tilted transversely isotropic modeling with optimal k-space operator-based implicit finite-difference schemes." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 3 (May 1, 2018): T139—T157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0472.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Current temporal high-order finite-difference (FD) stencils are mainly designed for isotropic wave equations, which cannot be directly extended to pseudoacoustic wave equations (PWEs) in tilted transversely isotropic (TTI) media. Moreover, it is difficult to obtain the time-space domain FD coefficients for anisotropic PWEs based on nonlinear dispersion relations in which anisotropy parameters are coupled with FD coefficients. Therefore, a second-order FD for temporal derivatives and a high-order FD for spatial derivatives are commonly used to discretize PWEs in TTI media. To improve the temporal and spatial modeling accuracy further, we have developed several effective FD schemes for modeling PWEs in TTI media. Through combining the [Formula: see text] (wavenumber)-space operators with the conventional implicit FD stencils (i.e., regular-grid [RG], staggered-grid [SG], and rotated SG [RSG]), we establish novel dispersion relations and determine FD coefficients using least-squares (LS). Based on [Formula: see text]-space operator compensation, we adopt the modified LS-based implicit RG-FD, implicit SG-FD, and implicit RSG-FD methods to respectively solve the second- and first-order PWEs in TTI media. Dispersion analyses indicate that the modified implicit FD schemes based on [Formula: see text]-space operator compensation can greatly increase the numerical accuracy at large wavenumbers. Modeling examples in TTI media demonstrate that the proposed FD schemes can adopt a short FD operator to simultaneously achieve high temporal and spatial modeling accuracy, thus significantly improve the computational efficiency compared with the conventional methods.
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Tao, Junhong, Zhihua Huang, Yudan Wang, Yaping Liu, Tianrui Zhao, Yifen Wang, Lei Tian та Guiguang Cheng. "Ethanolic Extract from Pteris wallichiana Alleviates DSS-Induced Intestinal Inflammation and Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction by Inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway and Regulating Tight Junction Proteins". Molecules 27, № 10 (11 травня 2022): 3093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27103093.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the research was to determine the protective effect and mechanism of Pteris wallichiana J. Agardh extract (PWE) on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. In this research, PWE is rich in flavonoids and diterpenoids by UPLC-MS/MS analysis. In LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, PWE reduced the productions of inflammatory factors (i.e., NO, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β). In DSS-induced UC in mice, PWE improved disease activity index (DAI) score, attenuated oxidative stress by decreasing MPO and MDA activities and activating GSH and SOD levels, and inhibited TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β expressions in the colonic tissues. PWE also improved the intestinal barrier by upregulating the expressions of tight junction proteins, including occludin and ZO-1. Moreover, PWE extract alleviated intestinal inflammation by suppressing the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusion: PWE can alleviate DSS-induced UC in mice by increasing the expressions of intestinal tight junction proteins and inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway.
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Lee, YoonJung, Yeseul Ahn, and Luca Cucullo. "Impact of Physical Activity and Medication Adherence on the Seizure Frequency and Quality of Life of Epileptic Patients: A Population Study in West Texas." BioMed Research International 2022 (January 18, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4193664.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Epilepsy is a neurological disease that affects 1-3% of the population. People with epilepsy (PWE) have poor physical and psychological health and a lower quality of life (QOL) than people without epilepsy. Moreover, PWE has more comorbid conditions (obesity, depression) than general populations. Physical activity (PA) has been reported to have various positive physical and psychological effects in PWE. Meanwhile, poor medication adherence is one of the main precipitating factors for seizure triggers. This study assessed the impact of PA and medication adherence on the seizure frequency and QOL for PWE at the Epilepsy Foundation, West Texas (EFWT). Our results indicate that PA is positively associated with the quality of life and negatively associated with the seizure frequency for PWE at EFWT, which suggests that physically active PWE tend to have fewer seizures and better QOL. Medication adherence did not affect the seizure frequency or QOL in our study. Yet, it is still crucial to encourage medication adherence for PWE since nonadherence is a known seizure promoter. Findings from this study highlight the continuous need to utilize available resources and implement programs to promote physical activity and medication adherence for better seizure control and QOL in PWE at EFWT.
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Rocha, Bruno Alves, Paula Carolina Pires Bueno, Mirela Mara de Oliveira Lima Leite Vaz, Andresa Piacezzi Nascimento, Nathália Ursoli Ferreira, Gabriela de Padua Moreno, Marina Rezende Rodrigues, et al. "Evaluation of a Propolis Water Extract Using a Reliable RP-HPLC Methodology andIn VitroandIn VivoEfficacy and Safety Characterisation." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/670451.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Since the beginning of propolis research, several groups have studied its antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. However, most of these studies have only employed propolis ethanolic extract (PEE) leading to little knowledge about the biological activities of propolis water extract (PWE). Based on this, in a previous study, we demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of PWE. In order to better understand the equilibrium between effectiveness and toxicity, which is essential for a new medicine, the characteristics of PWE were analyzed. We developed and validated an RP-HPLC method to chemically characterize PWE and PEE and evaluated thein vitroantioxidant/antimicrobial activity for both extracts and the safety of PWE via determining genotoxic potential usingin vitroandin vivomammalian micronucleus assays. We have concluded that the proposed analytical methodology was reliable, and both extracts showed similar chemical composition. The extracts presented antioxidant and antimicrobial effects, while PWE demonstrated higher antioxidant activity and more efficacious for the most of the microorganisms tested than PEE. Finally, PWE was shown to be safe using micronucleus assays.
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Furnham, Adrian. "Predicting protestant work ethic beliefs." European Journal of Personality 1, no. 2 (June 1987): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2410010204.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Two correlational studies attempt to determine the aetiology of Protestant Work Ethic (PWE) beliefs by looking at the relationship between it and various theoretically related variables. In the first study, three demographic and seven psychographic variables were regressed onto the PWE using step‐wise multiple regression. Five of the ten predictors were significant indicating that people with high internal and powerful other locus of control beliefs, limited educaztion, conservativel free‐enterprise economic beliefs, and strong postponement of gratification beliefs and practices were most likely to endorse the PWE. In the second study parents and college‐age children completed the same questionnaire to indicate family resemblances in PWE beliefs. Using a within‐family analysis it was found that there were family resemblances in PWE, economic and voting beliefs and that sons were less similar to their parents than were daughters. Results provide partial support for both McClelland's and Weber's theses, and underline other results suggesting the role of psychological conservatism in the development of PWE beliefs.
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Takabayashi, N., Y. Tosa, H. S. Oh, and S. Mayama. "A Gene-for-Gene Relationship Underlying the Species-Specific Parasitism of Avena/Triticum Isolates of Magnaporthe grisea on Wheat Cultivars." Phytopathology® 92, no. 11 (November 2002): 1182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2002.92.11.1182.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To elucidate genetic mechanisms of the species-specific parasitism of Magnaporthe grisea, a Triticum isolate (pathogenic on wheat) was crossed with an Avena isolate (pathogenic on oat), and resulting F1 progeny were subjected to segregation analyses on wheat cvs. Norin 4 and Chinese Spring. We found two fungal loci, Pwt3 and Pwt4, which are involved in the specific parasitism on wheat. Pwt3 operated on both cultivars while Pwt4 operated only on ‘Norin 4’. Using the cultivar specificity of Pwt4, its corresponding resistance gene was successfully identified in ‘Norin 4’ and designated as Rmg1 (Rwt4). The presence of the corresponding resistance gene indicated that Pwt4 is an avirulence locus. Pwt3 was assumed to be an avirulence locus because of its temperature sensitivity. We suggest that gene-for-gene interactions underlie the species-specific parasitism of M. grisea.
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Cheng, Jocelyn Y. "Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Associations in People with and without Epilepsy." Neurology Research International 2018 (August 28, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7247605.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. Positive airway pressure remains the gold-standard treatment for OSA, but many are intolerant. The neurotransmitter serotonin is involved in respiratory control. Evidence exists for SRIs in reducing OSA severity in the general population and ictal hypoxemia and seizure-induced respiratory arrest in people with epilepsy (PWE). However, the association between SRIs and OSA severity has not been studied in populations consisting of both groups. This study aims to determine if SRIs are associated with OSA severity in both PWE and people without epilepsy (PWO) and whether differences exist between the two groups. Methods. A retrospective study of adults with OSA was conducted. Subjects were categorized as PWE or PWO and for the use (+SRI) or absence (-SRI) of an SRI. The primary outcome was OSA severity relative to SRI status. OSA severity as a function of SRI status was also compared between PWE and PWO and within the PWE and PWO cohorts. Oxygen saturation nadir was a secondary outcome measure. Statistical adjustment of pertinent characteristics was performed. Results. There were 125 subjects (57 PWE, 68 PWO, 80 –SRI, and 45 +SRI). +SRI was associated with reduced odds of severe compared to moderate OSA, in unadjusted and adjusted analysis. Compared to PWO, PWE demonstrated a more robust association between OSA severity and +SRI. When analyzed as separate cohorts, only PWE demonstrated reduced OSA severity, with adjustment for age (OR:0.140, CI:0.021-1.116, and p=0.042). Oxygen saturation nadir was not significant in any model. Conclusions. SRIs represent a potential treatment option for OSA and may demonstrate a more robust association with reduced OSA severity in PWE compared to PWO.
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Tedrus, Gloria Maria, Leandro M. Negreiros, Raquel S. Ballarim, Tamires A. Marques, and Lineu Correa Fonseca. "Correlations Between Cognitive Aspects and Quantitative EEG in Adults With Epilepsy." Clinical EEG and Neuroscience 50, no. 5 (September 10, 2018): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550059418793553.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. Cognitive impairment frequently occurs in adult patients with epilepsy (PWE), but its pathophysiological basis is not well known. This study assessed cognition and its correlations with quantitative EEG coherence (QEEG) of patients with epilepsy. Method. Eighty PWE seen consecutively in the clinic and 40 normal subjects (NC) were assessed by neurological evaluation, Mini Mental State Examination, immediate and delayed recall of 10 simple figures, phonemic verbal fluency (FAS), category fluency test (VF animals), clock drawing, and QEEG. The mean global inter- and intrahemispheric coherences for the delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands were calculated. Cognitive functions and QEEG coherence of the PWE and the NC were compared, and logistic regression analysis determined the factors associated with impaired cognitive functions in PWE. The significance level was set at P < .05. Results. Regression analysis showed that FAS impairment (14.5 ± 8.6 vs 24.3 ± 15.7, respectively) and delayed recall of figures in PWE (7.3 ± 2.07 vs 8.6 ± 1.48) differed significantly between the PWE and the NC (Nagelkerke R2 = 0.266). Absolute power was greater in all the frequency bands in PWE. Interhemispheric and intrahemispheric beta coherences in the theta frequency was higher in the PWE than in the NC. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between interhemispheric delta coherence and VF animal impairment (cutoff point of 12), and between an interhemipheric beta coherence with level of education and delayed recall of figures impairment (cutoff point of 7) (Nagelkerke R2 = 0.297). Other variables were not associated. Conclusions. There was cognitive impairment of PWE and it was significantly associated with QEEG, which suggests that QEEG measures may contribute to the understanding of physiopathological events and as a marker for cognitive alterations in epilepsy.
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Afifah, Khoirotul, Suryo Wiyono, Titiek Siti Yuliani, and Baskoro Sugeng Wibowo. "History of Sheath Rot Disease in Indonesia and Disease Severity in Two Rice Production Centres of West Java." Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia 24, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpti.47665.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The observation conducted from 2000 to 2018 found that rice sheath rot has become an emerging disease in several regions. The disease was able to reduce quality and quantity of rice yield. This research objective was to study the history and status of rice sheath rot caused by Sarocladium oryzae. Data was obtained from literature study, farmer interview, and field survey. Data were used to calculate disease incidence followed by visual observation of the symptoms caused by this disease. Identification of sheath rot pathogen was done using microscopic and molecular techniques using specific primers. Rice sheath rot was first reported in Indonesia as a minor disease in 1987 and has only currently become an important disease. This fungus generally causes rice sheath rot in Karawang and Cianjur Regency. Disease incidence of rice sheath rot was 12.56% without considering the varieties at all generative growth stages. Average disease incidence on all rice varieties observed was 12.64%, except for IR 42 (0%). The level of rice plants damage due to rice sheath rot in Cianjur was higher than Karawang with average disease incidence of 11.58% and 9.27%, respectively. Rice sheath rot symptoms have often been found in the last 10 years with average level of damage of 3%‒18% and yield loss of 10%-15%. This disease has proven to be important and has become a challenge in rice cultivation. The fungus that infect rice plants in Karawang and Cianjur had different morphotypes, namely KP, KP2, KP3, PW3, and PW03. The amplification results showed that all fungal isolates were S. oryzae.
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GOMES, MARLEIDE DA MOTA. "Doctor's perspectives and practices regarding epilepsy." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 58, no. 2A (June 2000): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2000000200003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
OBJECTIVE: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, management practices and attitudes towards people with epilepsy (PWE) by a group of general practitioners (GP) and pediatrician (PD) residents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in three training hospitals, and had been selected 31 GP and 47 PD who agreed with the study. The collection of data was made by self-applied structured questionnaire. RESULTS: Many respondents have positive values about PWE, and recognize prejudice in the population against them. The residents recognize in themselves and in the colleagues lack of knowledge about PWE, and that Medical School do not give enough importance to the study of PWE. The reference of PWE to the neurologist is a common practice among the doctors. Half of them are favorable to the idea of assuming the patients clinical management after an initial clientele appraisal by the neurologist. CONCLUSIONS: The non-neurologist doctors do not feel comfortable in managing PWE due to barriers. Our doctors complain about the undergraduate medical training related to the epilepsy. Although, there is not a clear relationship between the undergraduate medical training, referral practices and satisfaction about the management of PWE. The patients care is influenced not only by knowledge, but also by doctors' attitudes. In this way, there are other barriers, perceived or not, to providing care to PWE by the generalists, and they need to be approached in the medical undergraduate curriculum and medical continuing education.
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Lian, Ziyang, Shan Jiang, Hongping Hu, Longxiang Dai, Xuedong Chen, and Wei Jiang. "An Enhanced Plane Wave Expansion Method to Solve Piezoelectric Phononic Crystal with Resonant Shunting Circuits." Shock and Vibration 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4015363.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An enhanced plane wave expansion (PWE) method is proposed to solve piezoelectric phononic crystal (PPC) connected with resonant shunting circuits (PPC-C), which is named as PWE-PPC-C. The resonant shunting circuits can not only bring about the locally resonant (LR) band gap for the PPC-C but also conveniently tune frequency and bandwidth of band gaps through adjusting circuit parameters. However, thus far, more than one-dimensional PPC-C has been studied just by Finite Element method. Compared with other methods, the PWE has great advantages in solving more than one-dimensional PC as well as various lattice types. Nevertheless, the conventional PWE cannot accurately solve coupling between the structure and resonant shunting circuits of the PPC-C since only taking one-way coupling from displacements to electrical parameters into consideration. A two-dimensional PPC-C model of orthorhombic lattice is established to demonstrate the whole solving process of PWE-PPC-C. The PWE-PPC-C method is validated by Transfer Matrix method as well as Finite Element method. The dependence of band gaps on circuit parameters has been investigated in detail by PWE-PPC-C. Its advantage in solving various lattice types is further illustrated by calculating the PPC-C of triangular and hexagonal lattices, respectively.
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Li, Shenxin, Sedra Shafi, Bin Zou, Jing Liu, Ying Xiong, and Bilal Muhammad. "PM2.5 Concentration Exposure over the Belt and Road Region from 2000 to 2020." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 5 (March 1, 2022): 2852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052852.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can cause respiratory and heart diseases, which have a great negative impact on human health. While, as a fast-developing region, the Belt and Road (B&R) has suffered serious air pollution, more detailed information has not been revealed. This study aims to investigate the evolutionary relationships between PM2.5 air pollution and its population-weighted exposure level (PWEL) over the B&R based on satellite-derived PM2.5 concentration and to identify the key regions for exposure control in the future. For this, the study focused on the B&R region, covering 51 countries, ranging from developed to least developed levels, extensively evaluated the different development levels of PM2.5 concentrations during 2000–2020 by spatial-temporal trend analysis and bivariate spatial correlation, then identified the key regions with high risk under different levels of Air Quality Guidelines (AQG). Results show that the overall PM2.5 and PWEL of PM2.5 concentration remained stable. Developing countries presented with the heaviest PM2.5 pollution and highest value of PWEL of PM2.5 concentration, while least developed countries presented with the fastest increase of both PM2.5 and PWEL of PM2.5 concentration. Areas with a high level and rapid increase PWEL of PM2.5 concentration were mainly located in the developing countries of India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan, the developed country of Saudi Arabia, and least developed countries of Yemen and Myanmar. The key regions at high risk were mainly on the Indian Peninsula, Arabian Peninsula, coastal area of the Persian Gulf, northwestern China, and North China Plain. The findings of this research would be beneficial to identify the spatial distributions of PM2.5 concentration exposure and offer suggestions for formulating policies for the prevention and control PM2.5 air pollution at regional scale by the governments.
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Kehyayan, Vahe, and John P. Hirdes. "Profile of Persons With Epilepsy Receiving Home Care Services." Home Health Care Management & Practice 30, no. 4 (April 16, 2018): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1084822318769640.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this study was to describe the profile of persons with epilepsy (PWE) receiving home care to understand their needs and impact on health care. In this cross-sectional study, sociodemographic, psychosocial, and health characteristics of PWE 60 years of age and above were compared with PWE in the below 60 years age (the comparison) group. Relative to the comparison group, the aged 60 years and above group was more likely to have health and mental health issues, cognitive impairment, functional dependence, psychosocial needs, and health care resource utilization. This study showed that PWE receiving home care services are greatly affected by social, functional, and health issues. Future studies are needed to further explore the burden of PWE on caregivers and health care systems compared with nonepilepsy groups.
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Tedrus, Glória Maria Almeida Souza, Maria Lina Giacomino Almeida Passos, Letícia Muniz Vargas, and Larissa Estela Ferreira Jacó Menezes. "Cognition and epilepsy: Cognitive screening test." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 14, no. 2 (June 2020): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642020dn14-020013.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT. Cognitive deficits often occur in people with epilepsy (PWE). However, in Brazil, PWE might not undergo neurocognitive evaluation due to the low number of validated tests available and lack of multidisciplinary teams in general epilepsy outpatient clinics. Objective: To correlate Brief Cognitive Battery-Edu (BCB-Edu) scores with epilepsy characteristics of 371 PWE. Methods: Clinical and cognitive assessment (MMSE, BCB-Edu) of 371 PWE aged >18 years was performed. The clinical aspects of epilepsy were correlated with BCB-Edu data. Cognitive data of PWE were compared against those of 95 healthy individuals (NC), with p-<0.05. Results: People with epilepsy had lower cognitive performance than individuals in the NC group. Cognitive aspects also differed according to epilepsy characteristics. Predictive factors for impairment in multiple cognitive domains were age and use of more than one antiepileptic drug (logistic regression; R2 Nagelkerke=0.135). Conclusion: Worse cognitive performance was found in PWE on different domains. There was a relationship between cognitive impairment and the aspects of epilepsy. BCB-Edu proved to be effective as a cognitive assessment screening test for epilepsy in adults.
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Takemura, Tomoaki, Tomohiko Urushisaki, Mayuko Fukuoka, Junji Hosokawa-Muto, Taketoshi Hata, Yumiko Okuda, Sachie Hori, Shigemi Tazawa, Yoko Araki, and Kazuo Kuwata. "3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic Acid, a Major Constituent of Brazilian Propolis, Increases TRAIL Expression and Extends the Lifetimes of Mice Infected with the Influenza A Virus." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/946867.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Brazilian green propolis water extract (PWE) and its chemical components, caffeoylquinic acids, such as 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,4-diCQA), act against the influenza A virus (IAV) without influencing the viral components. Here, we evaluated the anti-IAV activities of these compoundsin vivo. PWE or PEE (Brazilian green propolis ethanol extract) at a dose of 200 mg/kg was orally administered to Balb/c mice that had been inoculated with IAV strain A/WSN/33. The lifetimes of the PWE-treated mice were significantly extended compared to the untreated mice. Moreover, oral administration of 3,4-diCQA, a constituent of PWE, at a dose of 50 mg/kg had a stronger effect than PWE itself. We found that the amount of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) mRNA in the mice that were administered 3,4-diCQA was significantly increased compared to the control group, while H1N1 hemagglutinin (HA) mRNA was slightly decreased. These data indicate that PWE, PEE or 3,4-diCQA possesses a novel and unique mechanism of anti-influenza viral activity, that is, enhancing viral clearance by increasing TRAIL.
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Puteikis, Kristijonas, and Rūta Mameniškienė. "Mortality among People with Epilepsy: A Retrospective Nationwide Analysis from 2016 to 2019." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (October 7, 2021): 10512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910512.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We estimated age-adjusted mortality and investigated the dominant causes of death as well as comorbidities among people with epilepsy (PWE) in Lithuania, a country with frequent deaths from external causes. From 2016 to 2019, the age-adjusted rate of death among PWE in Lithuania was compared with mortality data in the general population. Each year of analysis, individuals who were diagnosed with epilepsy comprised a retrospective cohort. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of PWE varied from 2.93 (95% CI 2.78 to 3.07) to 3.18 (95% CI 3.02 to 3.34). PWE died at least one decade earlier than expected in the general population. The dominant causes of death were cardiovascular diseases (their proportion ranged from 44.8% to 49.3%), cancer (16.7% to 21.3%) and external causes of death (8.5% to 10.9%). The proportion of the latter decreased over time (r = −0.99, p = 0.01), whereas the SMR for external causes of death remained relatively constant. Epilepsy was the underlying cause of death in 163 cases (2.6%), and noted as a condition contributing to death in 1010 cases (15.9%). Cerebrovascular and cardiological conditions and dementia were the most frequent comorbidities among PWE before their death. Epilepsy-unrelated causes of death are relevant contributors to mortality among PWE. There is a need for PWE-oriented societal interventions to reduce the frequency of external deaths beyond the trend in the general population.
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Urushisaki, Tomohiko, Tomoaki Takemura, Shigemi Tazawa, Mayuko Fukuoka, Junji Hosokawa-Muto, Yoko Araki, and Kazuo Kuwata. "Caffeoylquinic Acids Are Major Constituents with Potent Anti-Influenza Effects in Brazilian Green Propolis Water Extract." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/254914.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Influenza A viral infections reached pandemic levels in 1918, 1957, 1968, and, most recently, in 2009 with the emergence of the swine-origin H1N1 influenza virus. The development of novel therapeutics or prophylactics for influenza virus infection is urgently needed. We examined the evaluation of the anti-influenza virus (A/WSN/33 (H1N1)) activity of Brazilian green propolis water extract (PWE) and its constituents by cell viability and real-time PCR assays. Our findings showed strong evidence that PWE has an anti-influenza effect and demonstrate that caffeoylquinic acids are the active anti-influenza components of PWE. Furthermore, we have found that the amount of viral RNA per cell remained unchanged even in the presence of PWE, suggesting that PWE has no direct impact on the influenza virus but may have a cytoprotective activity by affecting internal cellular process. These findings indicate that caffeoylquinic acids are the active anti-influenza components of PWE. Above findings might facilitate the prophylactic application of natural products and the realization of novel anti-influenza drugs based on caffeoylquinic acids, as well as further the understanding of cytoprotective intracellular mechanisms in influenza virus-infected cells.
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Charfi, N., S. Daoud, N. Farhat, M. Maâlej Bouali, L. Zouari, N. Zouari, J. Ben Thabet, M. Damak, C. Mhiri, and M. Maalej. "Prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.536.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
IntroductionEpilepsy is a chronic disease defined as a brain disorder, characterized by a predisposition to present seizures, generating cognitive, psychological, and social consequences.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of psychiatric comorbid disorders in patients with epilepsy (PWEs) and its associated factors.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study involving 30 PWEs who were treated in the neurology department of Habib Bourguiba Hospital in Sfax, Tunisia. We used the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for the diagnosis of Axis I psychiatric disorders.ResultsThe half of patients had psychiatric comorbidities: 4 had major depressive disorder (MDD), 2 had MDD with generalized anxiety disorder, 4 had MDD with social phobia, 1 had bipolar disorder type I, 1 had panic disorder, 1 had agoraphobia and 2 had generalized anxiety disorder.Twenty-five PWEs had seizure-onset below 30 years old and among them, 40% had psychiatric comorbidities. Among patients who had seizure-onset above 30 years old, none had psychiatric comorbidities. Psychiatric comorbidities were found in 71.5% of patients with seizure frequency >2 per year. Psychiatric comorbidities were more common in patients with generalized seizures compared to whom with partial seizures (53% versus 45%). It was also more common in patients treated with polytherapy compared to whom with monotherapy (64% versus 37.5%).ConclusionThe prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities is relatively high among PWEs. The most frequent diagnoses found were mood and anxiety disorders. It is very important to identify them and treat them to enhance seizure control.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Amruth, Gujjar, Praveen-kumar Srikanteswara, Boraiah Nataraju, and Pandiyan Kasturi. "Study of quality of life in epilepsy patients with psychiatric co-morbidities using QOLIE-31." International Journal of Epilepsy 01, no. 01 (June 2014): 008–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijep.2014.05.004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractBackground Epilepsy is a neurological condition affecting both the sexes in all age groups and is associated with psychiatric co-morbid conditions. There is a paucity of available published data regarding psychiatric co-morbid conditions and quality of life in patients with Epilepsy (PWE) from developing countries.Methods We evaluated the quality of life in 80 PWE, 80 with asthma (asthma control subjects: AC) and 80 normal healthy patients (normal control subjects: NC) using the QOLIE-31 item inventory.Results Psychiatric co-morbid conditions are more common in PWE (32.50%) as compared to the AC (17.5%) and NC (7.5%). The quality of life in PWE was significantly lower when compared to control subjects and it was further low in the presence of co-morbid psychiatric disorders.Conclusion Co-morbid psychiatric disorders should be identified and documented in PWE and treating these disorders apart from the control of seizures may significantly improve their quality of life.
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Aimaier, Guliqiemu, Kun Qian, Zishuo Zheng, Weifeng Peng, Zhe Zhang, Jing Ding, and Xin Wang. "Interictal Heart Rate Variability as a Biomarker for Comorbid Depressive Disorders among People with Epilepsy." Brain Sciences 12, no. 5 (May 20, 2022): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12050671.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Depressive disorders are common among people with epilepsy (PwE). We here aimed to report an unbiased automatic classification of epilepsy comorbid depressive disorder cases via training a linear support vector machine (SVM) model using the interictal heart rate variability (HRV) data. One hundred and eighty-six subjects participated in this study. Among all participants, we recorded demographic information, epilepsy states and neuropsychiatric features. For each subject, we performed simultaneous electrocardiography and electroencephalography recordings both in wakefulness and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep stage. Using these data, we systematically explored the full parameter space in order to determine the most effective combinations of data to classify the depression status in PwE. PwE with depressive disorders exhibited significant alterations in HRV parameters, including decreased time domain and nonlinear domain values both in wakefulness and NREM sleep stage compared with without depressive disorders and non-epilepsy controls. Interestingly, PwE without depressive disorder showed the same level of HRV values as the non-epilepsy control subjects. The SVM classification model of PwE depression status achieved a higher classification accuracy with the combination of HRV parameters in wakefulness and NREM sleep stage. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the SVM classification model showed a satisfying area under the ROC curve (AUC: 0.758). Intriguingly, we found that the HRV measurements during NREM sleep are particularly important for correct classification, suggesting a mechanistic link between the dysregulation of heart rate during sleep and the development of depressive disorders in PwE. Our classification model may provide an objective measurement to assess the depressive status in PwE.
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Kehyayan, Vahe, and John P. Hirdes. "Care Needs and Health Care Burden of Persons With Epilepsy Receiving Home Care Services." Home Health Care Management & Practice 31, no. 1 (October 12, 2018): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1084822318806291.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of persons with epilepsy (PWE) receiving home care services. A cross-sectional study was conducted comparing the characteristics of PWE with those without epilepsy (comparison group). PWE were more likely to have mental health issues and functional, mobility, and cognitive impairments; to receive a variety of psychotropic medications; to experience psychosocial issues such as isolation and conflicts in their relationships; to have caregivers experiencing psychological distress; and to be economically disadvantaged necessitating making economic trade-offs in their care. Epilepsy is associated with caregiver distress and has an impact on health resource utilization. Future studies are needed to identify strategies to improve the quality of care and life of PWE.
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Abraham, Nicholas, P. Buvanaswari, Rahul Rathakrishnan, Bach X. Tran, Giang Vu Thu, Long H. Nguyen, Cyrus S. Ho, and Roger C. Ho. "A Meta-Analysis of the Rates of Suicide Ideation, Attempts and Deaths in People with Epilepsy." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 8 (April 24, 2019): 1451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081451.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between epilepsy and suicide. We systematically searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase and Web of Science for studies that reported the prevalence of suicidality in the form of suicide ideation, attempts and deaths among people with epilepsy (PWE). Studies were included if they reported the numbers of patients who died by suicide and concurrently suffered from epilepsy, assessed suicide ideation, or studied suicide attempts in PWE by validated instruments or diagnostic interviews. We used the random effects model to calculate the pooled odds ratios (OR) and standard mean differences (SMDs). We performed subgroup analyses. Seven case-control studies were included in the comparison of rates of suicide attempts between PWE and controls, with a total of 821,594 participants. Our analyses demonstrated a positive association between epilepsy and suicide attempts (pooled OR = 3.25, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.69–3.92, p < 0.001), indicating that PWE have an elevated risk of suicide. The pooled prevalence for suicide ideation (24 studies) and suicide attempts (18 studies) were 23.2% (95% CI: 0.176–0.301) and 7.4% (95% CI: 0.031–0.169) respectively. The pooled rate of death due to suicide (10 studies) was 0.5% (95% CI: 0.002–0.016). Meta-regression showed that mean age and proportion of male gender were significant moderators for prevalence of suicide attempts and death due to suicide in PWE. Young PWE could be triggered by relationship problems and male PWE might use more lethal methods to attempt suicide. This meta-analysis provides the most up-to-date information on the prevalence of suicide among people with epilepsy and guidance on strategies to improve current psychiatric services provided for this population.
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Welton, Jeremy M., Christine Walker, Kate Riney, Alvin Ng, Lisa M. Todd, and Wendyl D’Souza. "097 Associations between cognitive and memory problems, employment and quality of life: a survey of epilepsy patients in australia." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 90, e7 (July 2019): A31.2—A32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-anzan.85.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
IntroductionThis analysis explored relationships between memory/cognitive issues, quality of life (QoL), and employment among patients with epilepsy (PwE) in Australia.MethodsCross-sectional surveys were completed by PwE, or caregiver proxies, recruited via the online pharmacy application MedAdvisor and Australian PwE Facebook groups from May–August 2018. Data were collected on adverse events from antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), comorbidities, epilepsy severity and management, QoL (using QOLIE-10-P total score)1 and demographics. Descriptive statistics were stratified by employment status: employed; not looking for work (NLW); looking for work (LW); or unable to work (UW), and differences in means or distributions were analysed using chi-squared, Mann-Whitney U or Kruskal-Wallis H tests. Regression models were constructed to explore associations between memory/cognition-related variables and QOLIE-10-P within each employment group.Results950 eligible responses reporting current AED use were included (71% via MedAdvisor, 29% via Facebook; 55% seizure-free for >1 year). Mean QOLIE-10-P score was significantly different across employment groups (p<0.001): 49.61 in employed PwE (n=493), 48.87 in NLW (n=227), 32.75 in LW (n=52), and 25.97 in UW (n=178). After controlling for possible confounders, presence of memory problems from AEDs was associated with a -7.50 decrease in QOLIE-10-P only among employed PwE (p=0.002). The extent that PwE felt bothered by memory difficulties, however, was significantly associated with QOLIE-10-P in all employment groups; generally, as level of concern about memory difficulties increased, estimated QOLIE-10-P decreased.ConclusionsSelf-reported memory problems are prevalent among PwE in Australia and may impact QoL differentially depending on employment status. UCB Pharma-sponsored.ReferencesCramer JA, Perrine K, Devinsky O, Meador K. A brief questionnaire to screen for quality of life in epilepsy: The QOLIE-10. Epilepsia 1996;37:577–582.
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Ramanujam, Bhargavi, Bhupender Kumar Bajaj, Kirandeep Kaur, Kuljeet Singh Anand, and Gurdeep Buxi. "Is Depression Related to Low Folate Levels in People with Epilepsy? An Observational Study and Meta-analysis." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 08, no. 03 (July 2017): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_468_16.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Background: Both depression and low serum levels of folate are common in people with epilepsy (PWE), the latter especially in patients on hepatic enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). We did a cross-sectional study and a meta-analysis to assess if lower folate levels have any relation with depression in PWE. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and one PWE were recruited and assessed for depression using the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Rated (IDS-SR) and Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Clinician Rated; serum folate levels were measured in them at the same time. Literature search was carried out and studies with data on depression as well as folate levels in PWE were included. Statistical analysis to determine frequency of depression, low folate levels, and relation between them among our cases and the pooled data from the included studies was done. Results: Depression was observed in 65.68% and low serum folate (<4 ng/ml) in 48.75% of PWE (over 80% on older AEDs); there was no statistically significant correlation between them. However, on analyzing the pooled data of six studies including the present, the Fisher’s z-transformed correlation coefficient was −0.1690 (95% confidence interval [−0.3175, −0.0124], P = 0.0464). Conclusions: Depression and low folate levels are common in PWE. Low folate levels have a mild but significant negative correlation with depression in this population, and folate supplementation would be advisable for those on the older AEDs.
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Mlinar, Simona, Zvonka Rener Primec, and Davorina Petek. "Psychosocial Factors in the Experience of Epilepsy: A Qualitative Analysis of Narratives." Behavioural Neurology 2021 (July 26, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9976110.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. Epilepsy is a complex disease. The consequences of epilepsy are varied and manifested in all aspects of people with epilepsy’s (PWE) lives. The purpose of this study was to define individual experiences of epilepsy, expressed in narratives, and to find the stem of each narrative—a core event in the PWE’s experience of the disease around which they structure their overall narrative. Method. A qualitative, phenomenological research method was used. We conducted semistructured interviews with 22 PWE and analysed the content using a combination of inductive and deductive methods, based on which we determined the stem narratives. Results. The stem narrative of the epilepsy narrative is an important life experience of PWE. We divided the stem narratives into four groups: lifestyle changes, relationship changes, the consequences of the inciting incident, and the limitations of the disease. In our study, we found that the stem narrative was, in all but one case, a secondary (psychosocial) factor resulting from epilepsy, but not its symptom (epileptic seizure). The stem narrative, where aspects of life with epilepsy are exposed, points to a fundamental loss felt by PWE. Conclusion. The narrative of the experience of epilepsy has proven to be an important source of information about the disease and life of PWE and also about the aspects at the forefront of life with epilepsy. The secondary epilepsy factors that we identified in the stem narratives were the greatest burden for PWE in all cases but one.
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Abdul Shakor, Ameerah Su’ad, Muhammad Alfatih Pahrol, and Mohamad Iqbal Mazeli. "Effects of Population Weighting on PM10 Concentration Estimation." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2020 (April 13, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1561823.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 μm or less (PM10) pollution poses a considerable threat to human health, and the first step in quantifying health impacts of human exposure to PM10 pollution is exposure assessment. Population-weighted exposure level (PWEL) estimation is one of the methods that provide a more refined exposure assessment as it includes the spatiotemporal distribution of the population into the pollution concentration estimation. This study assessed the population weighting effects on the estimated PM10 concentrations in Malaysia for years 2000, 2008, and 2013. Estimated PM10 annual mean concentrations with a spatial resolution of 5 kilometres retrieved from satellite data and population count obtained from the Gridded Population of the World version 4 (GPWv4) from the Centre for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) were overlaid to generate the PWEL of PM10 for each state. The calculated PWEL of PM10 concentrations were then classified based on the World Health Organization (WHO) and the national Air Quality Guidelines (AQG) and interim targets (IT) for comparison. Results revealed that the annual mean PM10 concentrations in Malaysia ranged from 31 to 73 µg/m3 but became generally lower, ranging from 20 to 72 µg/m3 after population weighting, suggesting that the PM10 population exposure in Malaysia might have been overestimated. PWEL of PM10 distribution showed that the majority of the population lived in areas that complied with the national AQG, but were vulnerable to exposure level 3 according to the WHO AQG and IT, indicating that the population was nevertheless potentially exposed to significant health effects from long-term exposure to PM10 pollution.
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GOMES, MARLEIDE DA MOTA. "Client with epilepsy in a work Brazilian rehabilitation center." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 58, no. 2A (June 2000): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2000000200004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
INTRODUCTION: People with epilepsy (PWE) may have problems in obtaining or maintaining regular employment because of restrictions related to their handicap, social prejudices and also high rates of unemployment of the population. The main aim of this pilot study was to know the vocational rehabilitation problems involving PWE sent to a vocational rehabilitation center (VRC) in Rio de Janeiro. METHOD: Fifteen PWE were selected unbiased from those seen at the VCR. It was reviewed their records in the search of sociodemographic, health care, employment suitability and work rehabilitation data. RESULTS: Only one person was eligible for the training program, four were ineligible, six were temporarily ineligible, and the other four do not necessitate the rehabilitation, but as the majority, the better seizures control. CONCLUSIONS: The studied sample of selected PWE, but representative of the studied population, do not show any important successful in the vocational rehabilitation carried out at the VRC.
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Dusabimana, Alfred, Dan Bhwana, Michel Mandro, Bruno P. Mmbando, Joseph N. Siewe Fodjo, and Robert Colebunders. "OV16 Seroprevalence among Persons with Epilepsy in Onchocerciasis Endemic Regions: A Multi-Country Study." Pathogens 9, no. 10 (October 16, 2020): 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9100847.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There is growing epidemiological evidence that onchocerciasis may induce epilepsy. High prevalence of onchocerciasis has been reported in onchocerciasis-meso and hyper-endemic regions. We aimed to determine the OV16 antibody prevalence in persons with epilepsy (PWE) in four onchocerciasis-endemic regions. PWE were identified during studies in Mahenge area (Tanzania), Kitgum and Pader districts (Uganda), the Mbam and Sanaga river valleys (Cameroon), and the Logo health zone (Democratic Republic of Congo). Exposure to Onchocerca volvulus was assessed by testing PWE for OV16 IgG4 antibodies using a rapid diagnostic test. The OV16 seroprevalence among PWE in the four onchocerciasis-endemic study sites ranged from 35.2% to 59.7%. OV16 seroprevalence increased with age until the age of 39 years, after which it decreased drastically. Our study suggests that, in onchocerciasis-endemic regions, epilepsy in young people is often associated with onchocerciasis, while epilepsy in older persons seems unrelated to O. volvulus exposure.
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Borovikova, Diana, Indrikis Muiznieks, and Alexander Rapoport. "New Test-system Based on the Evaluation of Yeast Cells Resistance to Dehydration-rehydration Stress." Open Biotechnology Journal 9, no. 1 (June 26, 2015): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874070701509010049.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A new test-system was developed for rapid evaluation of the cytoprotective potential of substances which can be included in cosmetics and health care compositions. It was evaluated by changes of the viability of yeast cells after dehydration/rehydration (D/R) treatment. To check the efficiency of proposed test system we studied the effects of water extracts of the natural peloid, which are used in balneotherapy procedures. It was revealed that the resistance to D/R of cells incubated in peloid water extracts (PWE) was significantly increased (by 30-38%) already after their short incubation in the solutions with low concentrations of the PWE. Meanwhile the membrane permeability was significantly decreased after incubation with PWE. The viability of yeast cells which were more sensitive to D/R stress was increased by PWE to larger extent than the viability of the cells that were initially more resistant to this stress. The positive effect PWE upon yeast cell viability after D/R treatment can be linked with the stabilisation of the cells’ plasma membrane. The results obtained in this study indicate that this new test-system can be recommended as fast, simple and cost-efficient assay for the evaluation of various substances effects upon eukaryotic cells including also the ingredients for cosmetic products.
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Wang, Wang, Jinyu Chen, and Jinzhen Cao. "Using low-field NMR and MRI to characterize water status and distribution in modified wood during water absorption." Holzforschung 73, no. 11 (October 25, 2019): 997–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2018-0293.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract In this study, synergism between two wood modification methods was investigated with the aim of providing insights into improving wood hydrophobicity. Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) was modified using two variants of the same treatment procedure: in the first case, paraffin wax emulsion (PWE) impregnation was followed by thermal modification (TM); in the second case, the order was reversed, and TM was followed by PWE impregnation. The treated samples were then immersed in distilled water for 1, 6, 24, 48 or 96 h. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were employed to evaluate the concentration of different water components, as well as the water distribution. The results indicated that the combined treatment showed much better performance than either treatment individually, particularly when PWE impregnation was followed by TM. Moreover, through the use of MRI, we characterized the role of both methods in the synergistic relationship, which showed that the PWE impregnation increased the wood hydrophobicity through decreasing free water absorption, while the TM performed the same function through bound water absorption. In addition, paraffin wax penetrated the newly formed cracks caused by TM, which also contributed to the synergistic mechanism between PWE impregnation and TM.
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Grzegorzewska, Agata M., Mariusz S. Wiglusz, Jerzy Landowski, Katarzyna Jakuszkowiak-Wojten, Wiesław J. Cubała, Adam Włodarczyk, and Joanna Szarmach. "Multiple Comorbidity Profile of Psychiatric Disorders in Epilepsy." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 18 (September 11, 2021): 4104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10184104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The co-occurrence of psychiatric disorders in people with epilepsy (PWE) is not well documented or studied. Anxiety and depressive disorders are the most frequent comorbid disorders in PWE. In this paper, we characterized the rates of multiple psychiatric disorder comorbidity by reanalyzing data from a study sample of PWE. A total of 96 outpatient PWE completed the self-report symptom scale, and were diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) Axis I disorders (SCID-I). For analyses, patients were assigned to a comprehensive diagnostic group of anxiety and depressive disorders. In order to determine comorbidity across psychiatric diagnoses for the DSM-IV categories, Pearson’s chi-squared test (χ2) was used. In the study sample, eight patients (8.3% of the study sample, n = 96) had comorbid major depressive disorder and anxiety disorder. When looking at comorbidity of each diagnosis separately, it was determined that 50% of individuals with an anxiety disorder had comorbid Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and 38% patients with MDD had comorbid anxiety disorder. This finding encourages a more systematic reporting of psychiatric prevalence data in epilepsy, especially taking into account the high ratio of multiple comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders in PWE.
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Ummenhofer, Caroline C., Alexander Sen Gupta, Michael J. Pook, and Matthew H. England. "Anomalous Rainfall over Southwest Western Australia Forced by Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperatures." Journal of Climate 21, no. 19 (October 1, 2008): 5113–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jcli2227.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The potential impact of Indian Ocean sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in modulating midlatitude precipitation across southern and western regions of Australia is assessed in a series of atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulations. Two sets of AGCM integrations forced with a seasonally evolving characteristic dipole pattern in Indian Ocean SST consistent with observed “dry year” (PDRY) and “wet year” (PWET) signatures are shown to induce precipitation changes across western regions of Australia. Over Western Australia, a significant shift occurs in the winter and annual rainfall frequency with the distribution becoming skewed toward less (more) rainfall for the PDRY (PWET) SST pattern. For southwest Western Australia (SWWA), this shift primarily is due to the large-scale stable precipitation. Convective precipitation actually increases in the PDRY case over SWWA forced by local positive SST anomalies. A mechanism for the large-scale rainfall shifts is proposed, by which the SST anomalies induce a reorganization of the large-scale atmospheric circulation across the Indian Ocean basin. Thickness (1000–500 hPa) anomalies develop in the atmosphere mirroring the sign and position of the underlying SST anomalies. This leads to a weakening (strengthening) of the meridional thickness gradient and the subtropical jet during the austral winter in PDRY (PWET). The subsequent easterly offshore (westerly onshore) anomaly in the thermal wind over southern regions of Australia, along with a decrease (increase) in baroclinicity, results in the lower (higher) levels of large-scale stable precipitation. Variations in the vertical thermal structure of the atmosphere overlying the SST anomalies favor localized increased convective activity in PDRY because of differential temperature lapse rates. In contrast, enhanced widespread ascent of moist air masses associated with frontal movement in PWET accounts for a significant increase in rainfall in that ensemble set.
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Salgado, Priscila Camile Barioni, Mateus Henrique Nogueira, Clarissa Lin Yasuda, and Fernando Cendes. "Screening symptoms of depression and suicidal ideation in people with epilepsy using the Beck depression inventory." Journal of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology 18, no. 3 (2012): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-26492012000300004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
OBJECTIVE: To measure the severity of symptoms of depression and suicidal ideation in people with epilepsy (PWE) before and after epilepsy surgery using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). We aimed to determine the factors associated to depression in PWE. METHODS: PWE, regardless of epilepsy type, seizure type, duration or frequency of seizures, and AEDs were investigated. The sample (n=468) was divided into two groups: pre-operatory (n=346) and pos-operatory (n=122). RESULTS: Before epilepsy surgery female gender, unemployment and high seizure frequency were associated factors for the occurrence of symptoms of depression. After epilepsy surgery, the only factor associated to high level of depression symptoms was the lack of seizure remission. Suicidal ideation was associated to seizure frequency before and after epilepsy surgery. CONCLUSION: Our results confirm the generally held view that depression is common in PWE and provide further insight to the association of depression with certain socio-demographic and seizure-related factors before and after epilepsy surgery.
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Mlinar, Simona, Davorina Petek, Živa Cotič, Metka Mencin Čeplak, and Marjan Zaletel. "Persons with Epilepsy: Between Social Inclusion and Marginalisation." Behavioural Neurology 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2018509.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background. Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that can lead to complex psychosocial consequences. Epilepsy can change the social status of persons with epilepsy (PWE) and has an effect on their social inclusion as well as their perception of social inclusion. This study aims to explore subjective experiences with social inclusion of PWE in Slovenia.Methods. This study takes a qualitative approach. Eleven semistructured interviews were conducted with eleven participants. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.Results. Epilepsy has physical, emotional, and social consequences. Physical consequences of epilepsy are mainly tiredness and exhaustion following an epileptic episode, frequently accompanied by headaches. Emotional consequences are different forms of fear. The main social consequence identified is a negative effect on PWE’s social network, which leads to (self-)isolation and social distrust.Conclusion. PWE experience of social inclusion depends on various psychosocial factors and differs from person to person. The consequences of epilepsy are shown in PWE social contacts and their sense of social inclusion and autonomy.
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Hinojosa-Alcalde, Ingrid, Ana Andrés, Faye F. Didymus, Leanne Norman, and Susanna Soler. "Assessing Psychosocial Work Environments of Coaches in Spain and Their Relationships With Mental Health, Behavioral-Stress Symptoms, and Burnout." Sport Psychologist 34, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2018-0114.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to assess the psychosocial work environment (PWE) of a sample of coaches in comparison with the reference values of the Spanish general workforce, as well as to explore the relationship between PWE and mental health, behavioral-stress symptoms, and burnout. A representative sample (N = 1,481) of Spanish coaches (18.1% women, mean age = 32.98 years, SD = 11.60) completed a battery of questionnaires. Results showed that, in comparison with the general workforce, coaches showed statistically significant differences in most of the PWE areas assessed. The emotional demands experienced by coaches are a health risk, while trust regarding management and recognition are positive features in their PWE. Coaches’ emotional demands were associated with low mental-health scores and higher levels of behavioral-stress symptoms and burnout, whereas social community at work and role clarity were protective factors for health. Practical implications to provide more favorable work environments for coaches are discussed.
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Budikayanti, Astri, Lubna Muhammad Qadri, Zakiah Syeban, Luh Ari Indrawati, and Fitri Octaviana. "Adverse Events of Antiepileptic Drugs Using Indonesian Version of Liverpool Adverse Events Profile." Neurology Research International 2018 (November 25, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8490639.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. Adverse events (AEs) associated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) affect people with epilepsy’s (PWE) quality of life. A study conducted in 15 European countries showed that the AEs prevalence of AEDs in PWE was up to 80%. To date, there are no validated screening instruments to detect AEs of AEDs in Indonesian PWE. Therefore its epidemiology is currently unknown. This study aimed to validate the Indonesian version of Liverpool Adverse Events Profile (LAEP), consequently increasing physicians’ awareness toward the probability of AEs and its necessary evaluation. Furthermore, this study was intended to determine the AEs prevalence of AEDs in Indonesian PWE. Methods. The questionnaire was translated from English into Indonesian version. The validity and reliability were tested using Spearman correlation and Cronbach’s alpha measurement. An observational cross-sectional study was carried out on consecutive PWE in outpatient clinic, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. We analyzed duration of epilepsy, onset of epilepsy, seizure frequency, type of epilepsy, etiology and epilepsy syndrome, number of AEDs, duration of AED use, and comorbidity. Results. All of the 19 items in the questionnaire were valid, with correlation coefficient ranging from 0.465 to 0.690 (moderate-strong correlation). Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.846 (good consistency). The total of 90 subjects were enrolled with 91% screened as having AEs using LAEP questionnaire. The most common AEs were tiredness (67.8%), sleepiness (66.7%), memory problems (62.2%), and difficulty in concentrating (56.7%). The only clinical variable that influenced AEs was polytherapy. Conclusion. The Indonesian version of LAEP was a valid and reliable instrument to screen AE of AEDs in PWE. Almost all the subjects in this study were suspected having AEs. Polytherapy was the independent factor of AE.
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Song, Bao wei, Xin Yu An, Zhao Yong Mao, and Hai Bing Wen. "Electromechanical Modeling and Simulation of a Pendulum-Type Wave Energy Converter." Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (June 2014): 1439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.1439.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper concerns the electromechanical model for a pendulum-type wave energy converter (PWEC). By introducing a based-excited mass-spring-damper, the motion of PWEC is divided into two parts: the motion of floating body and the relative motion of the pendulum and floating body. The electromechanical model involves the relative motion. Based on the electromechanical model, the circuit optimization is researched in frequency domain. The simulation results show that the device harvests plenty of power when the excitation is in close proximity to natural frequency, and the output power will decay sharply when the excitation is away from natural frequency. The optimal active power is obtained when the total reactance is zero.
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Tiamkao, Somsak, Kittisak Sawanyawisuth, Somchai Towanabut, and Pongsak Visudhipun. "Seizure Attacks While Driving: Quality of Life in Persons with Epilepsy." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 36, no. 4 (July 2009): 475–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100007812.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective:To study the effect on quality of life (QOL) of a seizure attack while driving in persons with epilepsy (PWE).Methods:From four provincial and eight university hospitals in Thailand, we enrolled epileptic patients who drove a car or motorcycle or used to drive. The SF-36 questionnaire was used to evaluate QOL. The mean SF-36 score for all dimensions was calculated and compared with patients who either had or did not have a seizure attack while driving and in those who either had or had not been involved in a traffic accident while driving.Results:We had 245 adult PWE who drove a car or motorcycle or used to drive. Of these, 69 cases (28%) had a seizure attack whilst driving. Over half (36/69; 57%) had had seizure-related accidents, most of which were mild but about 20% needed hospitalization. PWE having a seizure attack while driving had a significantly lower QOL in four of the eight categories compared with patients who had not. PWE who had a seizure-related accident had a significantly lower mean value in the vitality category than those who did not.Conclusions:Seizure attacks while driving diminished QOL in PWE even though they only suffered minor injuries. Driving as a QOL issue should be discussed with patients. A good public transportation system would ease the need to drive.
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ONDER, Halil, Ersin Kasim ULUSOY, Caner BAYDAR, Mustafa KIRAZ, Muhammet Okay ORUN, Zehra KILIÇARSLAN, Merve BASOL, and Aygul TANTIK. "Depression, anxiety levels and sleep quality indexes among the spouses of people with epilepsy." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 79, no. 5 (May 2021): 420–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0207.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Background: Psychiatric problems and sleep disturbances are comorbidities that are frequently encountered among people with epilepsy. However, their presence among the spouses of peoples with epilepsy remains to be elucidated. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the spouses of people with epilepsy (PWE), with and without a history of seizures during sleep, in terms of depression, anxiety and sleep quality. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in three groups of 18 to 65-year-olds. Group 1 consisted of healthy spouses of 127 healthy volunteers without any known neurological disease; group 2 comprised spouses of 63 PWE who had no history of seizure during sleep; and group 3 consisted of spouses of 63 PWE who had a history of at least one seizure during sleep in the course of the previous year. Questionnaires seeking demographic data and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory were applied to all participants. Results: The depression scores of the group of spouses of PWE were higher than those of the control group and were higher in group 3 than in group 2 (p = 0.017). The anxiety scores of the group of spouses of PWE were significantly higher than those of the control group, but no difference in anxiety scores was found between group 2 and group 3 (p = 0.170). The mean PSQI score of group 3 was higher than that of group 2 (p = 0.029). However, regression analyses did not show any difference between these groups. Conclusion: We found that the PSQI scores, which reflected sleep quality, were higher among the spouses of PWE who had seizures during sleep and who had more severe epilepsy.
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Mutai, Charles, Dierk Polzin, and Stefan Hastenrath. "Diagnosing Kenya Rainfall in Boreal Autumn: Further Exploration." Journal of Climate 25, no. 12 (June 15, 2012): 4323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00414.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract A powerful zonal vertical circulation cell along the Indian Ocean equator controls the boreal autumn rains in Kenya, with a tight negative correlation between surface westerlies (UEQ) and rainfall. UEQ is favored by a steep eastward pressure gradient (PWE) and slow winds in the downstream portion of the South Indian Ocean trade winds (SIW). The high phase of the Southern Oscillation (SO) favors weak SIW, lower pressure in the east, and thus steeper PWE, but that is also affected by pressure in the west. In 1958–97 circulation causalities were most distinct in the regime of abundant rain and slow UEQ, with the SO in the low phase. In the regime of deficient rain and fast UEQ, relationships were less distinct, although the SO was in the high phase almost throughout. In the decade 2001–10, UEQ had a weaker (stronger) correlation with PWE (SIW), the SO was more active and contributing in the proper sense to pressure in the east, but PWE was mainly controlled by pressure in the west. UEQ strongly controlled the rainfall in 1958–97 and 2001–10.
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Inoue, Yoshihiro, Trinh T. P. Vy, Kentaro Yoshida, Hokuto Asano, Chikako Mitsuoka, Soichiro Asuke, Vu L. Anh, et al. "Evolution of the wheat blast fungus through functional losses in a host specificity determinant." Science 357, no. 6346 (July 6, 2017): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aam9654.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Wheat blast first emerged in Brazil in the mid-1980s and has recently caused heavy crop losses in Asia. Here we show how this devastating pathogen evolved in Brazil. Genetic analysis of host species determinants in the blast fungus resulted in the cloning of avirulence genes PWT3 and PWT4, whose gene products elicit defense in wheat cultivars containing the corresponding resistance genes Rwt3 and Rwt4. Studies on avirulence and resistance gene distributions, together with historical data on wheat cultivation in Brazil, suggest that wheat blast emerged due to widespread deployment of rwt3 wheat (susceptible to Lolium isolates), followed by the loss of function of PWT3. This implies that the rwt3 wheat served as a springboard for the host jump to common wheat.