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Статті в журналах з теми "Purification de l'air":
Sompougdou, Alexis, Bétéo Zongo, Frank Coulibaly, Patrice Toé, and Hassan Bismarck Nacro. "Analyse Socio-Economique des Services Ecosystémiques Forestiers en Zones Soudanienne et Soudano-Sahélienne au Burkina Faso." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 20, no. 1 (January 31, 2024): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n1p57.
Дисертації з теми "Purification de l'air":
Faure, Marie. "Purification de l'air ambiant par l'action bactéricide de la photocatalyse." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL076N/document.
This study comes within the scope of improving knowledge concerning the photocatalytic degradation of bacterial bioaerosol. Photocatalysis is a purification technology generally based on the excitation of a semiconductor by an ultraviolet radiation. This technology can, in theoretical ways, mineralize pollutants step by step. However, if optimal conditions are not gathered, this mineralization is incomplete and can lead to the formation of potentially toxic by-products. The aim of this work was therefore a better understanding of the mechanisms of photocatalytic degradation of a bacterial bioaerosol of E.coli, where numerous phenomenon are linked. Thus, to distinguish the different processes, two experimental approaches were used. The first one, called “batch approach”, allowed to consider the photocatalytic reaction itself, by studying the steps of inactivation, by-products formation and progressive mineralization. The second one, named “dynamic approach”, consisted to design an experimental setup suited to the photocatalytic degradation of a bioaerosol of E.coli. The abilities of photocatalysis to inactivate and mineralize bacteria could be demonstrated. The key parameters of an efficient degradation were highlighted and allowed to underline the problems to solve before having a safe industrialization of the photocatalysis
Clausse, Benoît. "Adsorption/coadsorption de composés organochlorés par une faujasite Y hydrophobe/organophile dans un contexte de dépollution de l'air et de l'eau." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOS006.
WALTER, RICHARD MARIE-CLOTILDE. "Methodes de reduction de l'allergene majeur du chat fel d i : comparaison de quatre systemes d'epuration de l'air." Strasbourg 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR15020.
Ben, Jaber Mouna. "Biofiltration d'H2S - Cas du traitement aérobie de l'air et de la purification anoxique de biogaz." Rennes, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENCR0036.
Chevalier, Vincent. "Purification de l'air des cabines aéronautiques : Élaboration d'adsorbants innovants et compréhension de leurs comportements à des teneurs en composés organiques volatils sub-ppm." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI093.
Aircraft is a means transport in strong growth which does not escape the requirements of a public more and more sensitized with indoor air quality. In addition, the arrival of future regulations limiting the concentration of VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) in aircraft cabins requires the development of innovative air treatment solutions the compactness and energy consumption are compatible with the constraints of the sector. In view of these constraints, adsorption is the most appropriate method. Activated carbon is the most used material as an absorbent despite some limitations, especially with regard to its selectivity and regeneration.The aim of this work is to improve the understanding of adsorption phenomena at low concentration pollutants and to study alternative materials to activated carbon via the development and functionalization of adsorbents. Five materials (activated carbon, zeolite, mesoporous silica and Metal-Organic Frameworks) with varied chemical properties (polarity, presence of cations, etc.) and physical properties (specific surface area, pore size, etc.) were tested on a bench made during the present work under sub-ppm concentration conditions. The interactions (adsorption / desorption) between these materials and five chemical pollutants representative of the major families of indoor air quality pollutants have been studied under various conditions (mono-pollutant mixture, multi-pollutant, moisture, etc.). Finally, particular attention has been given to the adsorption of acetaldehyde, which is very poorly adsorbed by the usual adsorbents, through the synthesis of mesoporous silicas and functionalized zeolites to react specifically with this pollutant
François, Mathilde. "Potentialités des MOFs pour l’épuration de l’air vis-à-vis de mélanges de composés organiques volatils en présence d’humidité." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0024.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are now a real issue in our societies, particularly from the point of view of air quality. Indeed, since several years, awareness has been growing about the negative effects of VOCs in the air. Nevertheless, researches initially focused on the effects of urban pollution in outdoor air and neglected to look after the indoor air treatment. It is therefore more recently that studies have been carried out on indoor air pollution and the associated health risks for the population spending a large part of their time in enclosed spaces such as dwellings or offices. The effects of certain VOCs on human health are now recognised, as they can cause allergies, respiratory problems and sometimes even cancers. The risks associated with VOCs have therefore led to a real health issue, which is the purification of these compounds by air purification techniques. Currently, this purification is commonly carried out by adsorption on materials such as activated carbons, which are relatively low-cost and effective adsorbents. Nevertheless, materials with very promising performances have emerged over the last twenty years: the Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs). MOFs are hybrid materials composed of organic building blocks (ligands) that link metal ions to build a three-dimensional crystal lattice. In this study, two families of MOFs were studied: a zirconium-based MOF and a copper-based MOF, each family showing interesting properties for VOC capture. These two MOFs were first studied by characterisation analyses to confirm their textural, structural, chemical and thermal properties. In parallel, two VOCs characteristic of domestic indoor air, with different physico-chemical properties, were selected after a literature review. The main objective of this work was therefore to study the adsorption phenomena of these two model VOCs, first alone and then in a mixture (co-adsorption) in order to understand the adsorption and competition mechanisms involved. Static tests (adsorption isotherms) were used to evaluate the adsorption capacities of the pure components, while dynamic adsorption tests highlighted the material transfer kinetics from breakthrough fronts and identified the limiting phenomena. The dynamic tests were carried out on an experimental bench developed specifically for this thesis. As indoor air is naturally humid, the impact of the presence of water was also studied on the adsorption of VOCs in pure component and in mixture. Indeed, humidity is an important factor because it can positively or negatively influence adsorption by playing on the kinetics, the adsorption capacity and the reactivity of the adsorbent; there may also be a competition between VOCs and water. The experimental findings revealed that the presence of water had a negative impact on the adsorption of the two VOCs tested. Depending on the humidity level, the selectivity is not the same, but it appears that as the relative humidity increases, the adsorption properties are reduced (adsorption capacity and retention time of the adsorbent are decreased). Regeneration was also a concept addressed in this thesis and was studied by successive adsorption/desorption cycles in order to determine the regenerability of the MOF and, if applicable, its durability. Thus, different desorption methods were tested and it turns out that the desorption efficiency depends on the adsorbed VOC and thus on the adsorbent-adsorbate interactions. Nevertheless, the methods used demonstrated that total desorption was possible leading to complete regeneration of the MOF and thus allowing several adsorption/desorption cycles to be carried out without loss of efficiency
Cardenas, Cristian. "Analyse et modélisation du comportement des caissons d'épuration de l'air équipant les engins de chantier pour la protection des opérateurs contre les gaz et vapeurs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0090.
This thesis deals with the development of four models to simulate an industrial adsorption process of ammonia on zinc sulphate-doped activated carbon. It is described by mass balance, thermodynamic, hydrodynamics and adsorption kinetics equations. Since the values of parameters are needed to implement the model, the activated carbon is first characterised. Experimental measurements of ammonia adsorption isotherms on doped activated carbon were first carried out. Then a method based on the sensitivity analysis of parameters was used to evaluate the estimability of the unknown parameters involved in the Sips and Toth adsorption isotherm equations. The most estimable parameters were then identified using experimental data measured at three different temperatures, i.e. 288, 303 and 313 K. Experimental breakthrough fronts at different ammonia concentrations and gas flow rates were then measured and used to determine the overall mass transfer coefficient (kLDF), the axial dispersion coefficient (Dax), the effective diffusion coefficient (De) and the intracrystalline diffusion coefficient (Dµ) involved in the model equations, implemented and solved within Comsol Multiphysics® software. It was demonstrated that the adsorption process are limited by the diffusion and adsorption of ammonia on the zinc sulphate crystal. The identified models were then validated by means of four additional breakthrough fronts that were different from those used to identify the parameters. The model predictions and the experimental measurements showed a very agreement which is quantified by means of performance indices and confirmed by a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Finally, the CFD simulation of the gas flow in an air purification box was carried out by developing a dynamic model that takes into account the geometry and hydrodynamics. These models have improved the understanding of the adsorption process and can be used as a predictive tool for the design and optimization of air purification boxes used to equip cabins with pressurization and air-conditioning of mechanical devices
El, Ichi Sarra. "Purification et caractérisation d'une nouvelle peroxydase extraite de l'ail et son application en tant que biocapteur électrochimique pour l'analyse alimentaire et environnementale." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112111.
A new peroxidase was purified from garlic bulbs (POX1B) with interesting biochemical properties compared to HRP. Ln fact, POX1B is highly active at acidic pH and stable vs. Temperature and storage. The optimal pH was around 5 and the optimal temperature was 30°C. Studies of the heat-stability demonstrated that almost 70 % of the initial activity was conserved at 60°C and full activity was retained at 50 and 40°C for 40 min. Then, the structure-function relationship was investigated by analysis of the spectroscopic properties and correlated to the structure determined by a new generation of high performance hybrid mass spectrometer. Studies of the chemical structure showed that the heme group of this protein is pentacoordinated and has a histidine as proximal ligand. Native and reconstituted POX1B exhibited high affinity towards hydrogen peroxide as well as various reducing co-substrates. Ln addition, high enzym specificity was demonstrated. The kcat/KM values were 413. 28, 403. 81 mM-1s-1 for TMB and ABTS, respectively. Furthermore, the reduction of nitro compounds in presence of POX1B was demonstrated by iron(II)-nitrosoalkane complexes assay. POX1B showed a great potential to be a lied for drug metabolism since its ability to react with 1-nitrohexane in resence of sodium dithionite was demonstrated by the appearance of a characteristic Soret band at 411 nm. Besides, the high catalytic efficiency obtained in the case of the new garlic peroxidase (POX1B is suitable for different analytes monitoring and biocatalysis). The enzyme has shown a good potential for electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide and chlorophenols. The enzyme immobilization was carried out using chitosan as biopolymer. Electrochemical assays showed that the biosensor was able to monitor H2O2 as low as 100 nM in direct detection mode. The measured detection limit was 30 μM in milk samples with a response time less than 1 min. Then, the electrocatalytic activity of a second POX1B-based biosensor towards chlorophenols derivatives in a large range from 10 pM to 10 μM was demonstrated. The mediator free POX1B based biosensor exhibited high sensitivity towards 2,6-dichlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol and pentachlorophenol. A detection limit of 1 pM in the case of 4-chlorophenol was demonstrated with kinetic constant Km,app of 0. 42 μM and high rapidity of electrochemical response of the biosensor of 1 s
Книги з теми "Purification de l'air":
Arquès, Philippe. La pollution de l'air: Causes, conséquences, solutions. Aix-en-Provence: Edisud, 1998.
Patry, Réjean M. Dossier d'information sectorielle sur l'équipement de traitement de l'air. [Quebec]: Gouvernement du Québec, Ministère de l'industrie et du commerce, Direction générale de l'industrie, 1985.
Renaître, ou les secrets de la purification par l'air, l'eau, la lumière et les sons. Ronan Denniel, 1999.
Brauer, H., and Y. B. G. Varma. Air Pollution Control Equipment. Springer, 2012.
Brauer, H., and Y. B. G. Varma. Air Pollution Control Equipment. Springer London, Limited, 2012.
Brauer, H., and Y. B. G. Varma. Air Pollution Control Equipment. Springer London, Limited, 2011.
Vlaski, Aleksandar. Microcystic Aeruginosa Removal by Dissolved Air Flotation (daf). Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
Vlaski, Aleksandar. Microcystic Aeruginosa Removal by Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF). Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
Vlaski, Aleksandar. Microcystic Aeruginosa Removal by Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF). Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.