Дисертації з теми "Purchasing power of population"
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Скворчевський, Олександр Євгенович, Тетяна Кравцова та Анастасія Свічкарь. "Економетрична оцінка залежності купівельної спроможності населення України від його доходів". Thesis, Львівська політехніка, 2017. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/32787.
Повний текст джерелаSpeed, Preston Brooks. "Tests of purchasing power parity." Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01292009-063028/.
Повний текст джерелаDúbravská, Pavla. "Purchasing Power Parity in Transition Economies." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-3895.
Повний текст джерелаBukat, Michał Aleksander. "Purchasing Power Parity - Theory and Practice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-206079.
Повний текст джерелаCarnovale, Christina. "Purchasing power parity and frequency domain filtering." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ65028.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMachado, Flávio A. de Stéfani. "An econometric study on purchasing-power parity." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/8280.
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Neste trabalho abordamos alguns "puzzles" da Paridade do Poder de Compra (PPC) ainda não resolvidos; durante esse processo propomos um novo modelo não-linear e estudamos o papel da agregação temporal e de bases de dados abrangendo apenas um pequeno período histórico. A hipótese de que não existe uma força de convergência agindo sobre o câmbio real ajustado (ARER) foi fortemente rejeitada estatisticamente, e a não-linearidade se mostrou um questão importante. As meia-vidas encontradas para o Brasil usando os modelos padrão parecem ser uma das menores já encontradas para um país, e chegamos à conclusão de que a velocidade de convergência em direção a PPC ainda não pode ser considerada um consenso. Pretendemos, em adição, dar contribuições através do levantamento e esclarecimento de alguns resultados e problemas potenciais concernentes ao estudo da PPC.
In this work we address some unresolved purchasing-power parity (PPP) puzzles; during the process we propose a new nonlinear model and check the role of temporal aggregation and of datasets covering only a small period of time. The hypothesis that there is no convergence force acting on ARER has been strongly statistically rejected and the nonlinearity showed itself as an important issue. The half-lives found for Brazil using standard models seem to be one of the smallest ever found for a country. However, we concluded that the speed of converge towards PPP is not a consensus yet. Besides, we expect to give contributions to PPP literature by pointing out important results and potential pitfalls on PPP research.
Nuasir, Salah Ahmad. "Does purchasing power parity hold in developing countries? an application to the Asian countries /." access full-text online access from Digital dissertation consortium online access from ProQuest databases, 2001. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/pqdiss.pl?3037125.
Повний текст джерелаBeirne, John. "International exchange rate dynamics and purchasing power parity." Thesis, Brunel University, 2010. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4246.
Повний текст джерелаBaralexis, Spyridon K. "Impact of general purchasing power accounting on Greek accounts." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2604.
Повний текст джерелаBallard, Billy L. (Billy Lanoy). "Corporate Tax Rates and the Purchasing Power Parity Doctrine." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500570/.
Повний текст джерелаSILVA, LEONARDO XAVIER DA. "OPERATING POWER RESERVE AS ANCILLARY SERVICE: MARKET MECHANISM FOR PURCHASING." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2001. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=1914@1.
Повний текст джерелаNo modelo econômico tradicional, o sistema elétrico podia ser constituído por empresas verticalizadas, isto é, os serviços de geração, transmissão e distribuição podiam ser providos por uma mesma empresa. Nesta estrutura, serviços como reserva de potência, suporte de reativos, reserva de transmissão, ou seja, os chamados Serviços Ancilares à operação do sistema elétrico, não eram computados com custos específicos a serem restituídos, já que os mesmos encontravam-se agregados ao preço da energia elétrica. No novo modelo econômico, onde cada empresa presta um tipo de serviço, é crescente a importância da caracterização de cada Serviço Ancilar. Definidos os prestadores do serviço e usuários, torna-se explícita a necessidade de uma estrutura de mercado para aquisição e revenda do Serviço Ancilar. Este trabalho propõe um mecanismo de mercado para compra e venda de Serviços de Reserva de Potência Operativa por intermédio de um agente de mercado sem fins lucrativos. Este é baseado no mecanismo praticado pelo California Independent System Operator e, devidamente adaptado, pode ser aplicado ao sistema elétrico brasileiro. As principais adaptações são: i) o ajuste da venda para permitir uma distribuição justa da vantagem econômica obtida com a compra considerando os mercados interdependentes, e ii) o ajuste da venda para que os compradores somente das reservas R1 e R2 afetem os preços de R1 e R2, e não os preços de R3 e R4.
In the previous structure of the Brazilian power sector, the economic model was such that the same company could provide generation, transmission and distribution services. In this model, services such as power reserve, reactive power support and transmission reserve, i.e., the so-called Ancillary Services to the operation of the electric system, were not considered explicitly. Therefore, no specific costs had to be paid as they were aggregated to the final energy price. In the new structure of the power sector, where each company provides a different type of service, the distinction of each Ancillary Service becomes a very important issue to the energy business. Once defined the service providers and users, it is evident the need of a market structure for selling and buying the service. This work suggests a market mechanism for selling and buying the Power Operative Reserve Service through a non-profit market agent. This proposal is based on the California`s Independent System Operator mechanism and, if properly adapted, can be applied to the Brazilian Power System. The main adaptations are: i) the adjustments of the sale price to allow a fair distribution of the economic advantage gotten with the purchase considering the interdependent markets, and ii) the adjustments of the sale price for the purchasers of only R1 and R2 reserves to affect only the prices of R1 and R2 and not the prices of R3 and R4.
En el modelo económico tradicional, el sistema eléctrico podía ser constituido por empresas verticalizadas, es decir, los servicios de generación, transmisión y distribuición podían pertenecer a una misma empresa. En esta extructura, servicios como reserva de potencia, soporte de reactivos, reserva de transmisión, o sea, los llamados Servicios Auxiliares a la operación del sistema eléctrico, no eran calculados con costos específicos que serían restituidos, ya que éstos se encontraban agregados al precio de la energía eléctrica. En el nuevo modelo económico, donde cada empresa presta un tipo de servicio, cresce la importáncia de la caracterización de cada Servicio Auxiliar. Una vez definidos los prestadores del servicio y los usuarios, se necesita de una extructura de mercado para adquisición y revenda del Servicio Auxiliar. Este trabajo propone un mecanismo de mercado para compra y venda de Servicios de Reserva de Potencia Operativas por intermedio de un agente de mercado sen fines lucractivos. Este es basado en el mecanismo praticado por el California Independent Systen Operator y, debidamente adaptado, puede ser aplicado al sistema eléctrico brasilero. Las principales adaptaciones son: i) ajuste de la venda para permitir una distribuición justa de la ventaja económica obtenida con la compra considerando los mercados interdependientes, y ii) el ajuste de la venda para que los compradores solamente de las reservas R1 y R2 afecten los precios de R1 y R2, y no los precios de R3 y R4.
Guo, Dawei, and Zhikun Liu. "Chinese Luxury Consumers: A new rising purchasing power ——“Chinese Dama”." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10014.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Renjie. "Using PPP deviations as a trading rule : an indirect joint test of PPP and foreign exchange market efficiency." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42010.
Повний текст джерелаBusiness, Sauder School of
Graduate
Tshipinare, Katso. "Purchasing power parity between Botswana and South Africa: a cointegration analysis." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1984_1184669340.
Повний текст джерелаThis paper tested the purchasing power parity hypothesis for Botswana and South Africa using cointegration analysis. The data used are the spot exchange rate between the two countries (rand and pula) and their consumer price indices.
Bastos, Felipe de Sousa. "Reversion rate of deviations from purchasing power parity for Brazilian cities." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11362.
Повний текст джерелаThis work aims to provide non-biased estimates of the speed of reversion of deviations from the PPP for 11 Brazilian cities, between 1991 and 2013, using the methodology proposed by Choi, Mark and Sul (2006), which makes use of a panel estimation method with correction for three possible sources of bias, those being: the bias of inappropriate grouping of cross-section units with heterogeneous coefficients, the Nickell bias and the bias arising from the temporal aggregation of price indexes. The half-lives obtained are of the order of 4.41 and 3.18 years with Brazil and the Average as references, respectively, and median half-life of 3.13 years, when considering all Brazilian cities analyzed as the numeraire. The half-lives found were also substantially lower than those obtained for American cities. Furthermore, 33.33 % of the half-lives obtained were inferior to the consensus range suggested by Rogoff (1996) of 3-5 years, and none surpassed that range.
O presente estudo se propÃe a prover estimativas nÃo viesadas da velocidade de reversÃo dos desvios da PPC para 11 cidades brasileiras entre 1991 e 2013 atravÃs da metodologia proposta por Choi, Mark e Sul (2006) que usam um mÃtodo de estimaÃÃo em painel com correÃÃo para trÃs possÃveis fontes de viÃs, quais sejam, viÃs de agrupamento inapropriado de unidades cross-sections com coeficientes heterogÃneos, viÃs de Nickell e o viÃs oriundo da agregaÃÃo temporal dos Ãndices de preÃos. As meias-vidas obtidas sÃo da ordem de 4.41 e 3.18 anos tendo Brasil e MÃdia como referÃncia, respectivamente, e meia-vida mediana de 3.13 anos considerando todas as cidades brasileiras analisadas como numerÃrio. As meias-vidas encontradas tambÃm se mostraram substancialmente inferiores Ãquelas obtidas para as cidades americanas. AlÃm disso, 33.33% das meias-vidas aqui obtidas se mostraram inferiores ao intervalo consensual proposto por Rogoff (1996) de 3 a 5 anos, e nenhuma o ultrapassou.
Chen, Sofia, and Ruoshui He. "Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) Deviations: The case of H&M." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49060.
Повний текст джерелаYuyuenyongwatana, Robert P. (Robert Privat). "Purchasing Power Parity and the Efficient Markets: the Recent Empirical Evidence." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331946/.
Повний текст джерелаCerrato, Mario. "New panel unit root and cointegration tests of purchasing power parity." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426599.
Повний текст джерелаSeka, Gilles-Eric Kotchi Gardner H. Stephen. "The utility of the passing time and measurement of the purchasing power of currencies in the flexible-exchange-rate system." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5252.
Повний текст джерелаKalinda, Mkenda Beatrice. "Essays on purchasing power parity, real exchange rate, and optimum currency areas /." Göteborg : Nationalekonomiska institutionen, Handelshögsk, 2000. http://www.handels.gu.se/epc/data/html/html/1973.html.
Повний текст джерелаHall, Denis Michael. "Purchasing power: the New York market for modern American painting 1913-40." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589736.
Повний текст джерелаEvans, Anne-Marie. "Purchasing power : consumerism and female commodification in twentieth-century American women's fiction." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.576499.
Повний текст джерелаNeumann, Cornelia. "Purchasing Power Parity in the European Union A panel unit root test /." St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/05604160001/$FILE/05604160001.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаCarter, Sophie. "Purchasing power : representing metropolitan prostitution in eighteenth-century English popular print culture." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267322.
Повний текст джерелаÖlçer, Dilan. "Purchasing power : the political economics of authoritarianism, natural resources, and budget cycles." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0028.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD dissertation in political economics consists of three independent papers that investigate different aspects of the interaction between public resource allocation and economic outcome. While the willingness to acquire and maintain political power figures centrally in each of the three papers, the institutional environments and the questions addressed vary. The first paper asks, What fiscal tools do political leaders use to improve their chances of remaining in power in low-income countries, and how do they use them? The second paper asks, Do voters in the American states reward spending growth differently when the state resources rely heavily on oil revenues? Finally, the third paper asks, What economic growth dynamics may we expect from a country where the authoritarian leader, whose survival in power depends on the share of the population supporting him, makes the trade-off between investing in his own support or in the nation’s future economic prosperity?
Unkovski, Goran. "Purchasing power parity and Reserve Bank intervention in the foreign exchange market." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5681.
Повний текст джерелаThis paper tests the behaviour of the PPP relationship in South Africa between 1993 and 2003 using cointegration techniques. The period under review is divided into two sub-phases. The first, from January 1993 to May 1998, encompasses the changing political situation and the initial effects of global integration for South Africa. It is found that the PPP relationship holds during this time frame.
Hart, Angie. "Purchasing power? : an ethnographic study of men who buy sex in Alicante, Spain." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357544.
Повний текст джерелаJiang, Ying. "Essays on forecasting exchange rate volatility, central bank interventions and purchasing power parity." Thesis, University of Essex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496272.
Повний текст джерелаPollock, A. C. "Modelling the UK real effective exchange rate index : A purchasing power parity framework." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379429.
Повний текст джерелаOh, Keun-Yeob. "A study of purchasing power parity using unit root tests in panel data." Connect to resource, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1262874375.
Повний текст джерелаMIGOWSKI, EDUARDO SEIXAS. "THE GOVERNMENT OF CROWDS: POPULATION AND POWER IN MICHEL FOUCAULT." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=27436@1.
Повний текст джерелаCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
Esta monografia tem, como objetivo geral, perceber a articulação entre as relações de poder e a população ao longo de diferentes períodos. Partindo de alguns conceitos clássicos, desenvolvidos pelo filósofo Francês Michel Foucault, como poder de soberania e disciplinar, bem como a noção de sociedade de controle trabalhada por Gilles Deleuze, será feita uma análise dos mecanismos que levam à passagem de uma tecnologia de poder a outra ao longo de diferentes momentos do processo histórico.
This monograph has as main objective to understand the relationship between power relations and the population over different periods. Starting with some classic concepts developed by French philosopher Michel Foucault, as sovereign and disciplinary power, and the notion of control society of control by Gilles Deleuze, is an analysis of the mechanisms that lead to the passage of power from one technology to another over different times of the historical process.
Hartoyo. "Selected factors associated with consumers' perceptions of family finances, business, and buying conditions /." This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11298-22160/.
Повний текст джерелаVass, Susanna. "Investing in commercial real estate : An analysis of the purchasing power in Stockholm´s retail areas." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-96476.
Повний текст джерелаKhoo, Sye Min. "Long run real exchange rate movements in fourteen Asian economies, the validity of purchasing power parity." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ35508.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLin, Therese, and Stefan Maras. "Analysis of the Regional Purchasing Power in the Swedish Housing Market : A Multiple Regression Modeling Approach." Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-229735.
Повний текст джерелаDen här rapporten analyserar vilka makroekonomiska faktorer som påverkar hushållens köpkraft på den svenska bostadsrättsmarknaden. Multipel linjär regressionsanalys används för att konstruera separata modeller för Sveriges åtta regioner: Västsverige, Sydsverige, Småland och öarna, Stockholm, Östra Mellansverige, Norra Mellansverige, Mellersta Norrland och Övre Norrland. De valda faktorerna, som också används som förklarande variabler i regressionsmodellen, är disponibel inkomst, hushållsökning, sysselsättningsgrad, riksbankens reporänta, kvadratmeterpriset för bostäder, samt nybygge av bostäder. Kvartalsvis data har sammanställts och processats för varje faktor från det andra kvartalet år 2005 till det fjärde kvartalet år 2015. Köpkraften definieras som konsumenternas avslutningspris för bostäder och används också som responsvariabel i regressionsmodellerna. Basmodellerna för varje region använder alla förklarande variabler. För att förbättra modellerna och eventuellt utesluta några av de makroekonomiska faktorerna används olika modelljusteringar såsom Cooks avstånd, VIF-evaluering, stegvis framlänges- och baklängeseliminering. Resultaten visar på att köpkraften bland regionerna huvudsakligen bestäms av inkomst, sysselsättningsgrad och ökning av antal hushåll. Disponibel inkomst är den makroekonomiska faktor som har den största påverkan på den regionala köpkraften.
Wang, Ping. "Econometric analysis of exchange rates in East Asia." Thesis, Middlesex University, 1999. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/8032/.
Повний текст джерелаWu, Pei-Cheng, and 吳佩橙. "Purchasing Power Parity." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72547086010944235131.
Повний текст джерелаShen, Hung-Ling, and 沈虹伶. "An Empirical Assessment of Purchasing Power Parity." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x24a3t.
Повний текст джерела國立中山大學
中山學術研究所
95
Abstract The Purchasing power parity (PPP) theory was originally developed by a Swidish economist, Gustav Cassel, in 1916. It is a method using the long-run equilibrium exchange rate of two currencies to measure the currencies'' purchasing power. It is based on the law of one price, the idea that, in an efficient market, identical goods must have only one price internationally. This parity is a central building block of many theoretical and empirical models of exchange rate determination, since most are relied on PPP as the basis for long-run real exchange rates. While the literature on the PPP hypothesis is voluminous today and still growing, the doctrine has not found well. The validity of PPP can be examined by testing the stationary of real exchange rates. Most of the empirical evidences relied mainly on using linear structure to explore PPP in the past. By using traditional unit root test, the PPP is hard to hold in the long run. There is a growing consensus that previous empirical research reflects the poor power of the tests rather necessarily against PPP. Therefore, the use of more powerful tests is needed. Recently, an alternative point of view based on the presence of market frictions that impede commodity trade has arisen. The adjustment of real exchange rates is perhaps described more appropriately as a nonlinear process once market frictions are taken into account. There are several reasons that theoretically explain why the adjustment process of deviations from PPP is nonlinear, such as transactions and transportation costs and tariffs and non-tariff barriers to international trade. Therefore, the analysis of real exchange rate should be conducted under the nonlinear structure. This study uses the STAR methodology proposed by Granger & Teräsvirta (1993) and Teräsvirta (1994) to examine whether the deviation of PPP is a nonlinear dynamic adjustment among the following countries: Australia, Denmark, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Norway, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. If the linear hypothesis was rejected, then to distinguish if the model of STAR is LSTAR or ESTAR. This study finds that the deviations from equilibrium exchange rates show strong evidence of nonlinear properties. The deviations of exchange rates for all countries can be explained by the LSTAR model. In conclusion, this study finds the real exchange rates exhibit the property of nonlinear mean reversion for most countries.
Hill, Robert J. "Purchasing power parity methods of making international comparisons." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/7235.
Повний текст джерелаTseng, Po-Hsin, and 曾伯歆. "Meta-regression Analysis of Purchasing Power Parity Puzzles." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4zgr26.
Повний текст джерела國立中山大學
經濟學研究所
96
Purchasing Power Party (PPP) has long been intensively studied in empirical researches. However, a unanimous conclusion has not been reached. As an alternative to a narrative literature review, this paper conducts a meta-regression analysis of a collection of thirty-three studies, in order to uncover the sources of variation in the empirical findings relating to PPP. We also test the validities of suggestions made by the narrative literature reviewers that the use of more years of data, more countries, more powerful tests, more general model specifications, and an allowance for non-linearity might mitigate the issue of PPP puzzle. We find that the proposition is true and that whether PPP holds in the long run mainly depends on the methodology employed, the regimes the data are sampled from, and the length of the sample of data that is used. When addressing the persistence of the deviations from PPP, it mostly depends on the methodologies adopted.
Cheng, Min-ling, and 鄭敏伶. "An Empirical Investigation to the Purchasing Power Parity." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75386139234155589230.
Повний текст джерелаBerka, Martin. "Purchasing power parity puzzle as a trade phenomenon." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/16899.
Повний текст джерелаArts, Faculty of
Vancouver School of Economics
Graduate
Tsai, Hsin-Yu, and 蔡欣諭. "Purchasing Power Parity Tests: Evidence from Asian Countries." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18959759147842164526.
Повний текст джерела國立東華大學
經濟學系
98
This paper examines the purchasing power parity (PPP) of 15 Asian countries. The data of Asian countries are monthly nominal exchange rates and aggregate prices and data from 1973:01 to 2008:09 are also divided into 2 periods in this paper including 1973:01-1997:07 and 1997:08-2008:09. The three periods are going to used to examine whether Asian Financial Crisis will influence PPP or not. According to the criterion of the World Bank, all countries are classified into 2 groups, high income and low income countries. In order to prevent the bias of single base country, we employ a variety of tests on all possible N(N − 1)/2 nominal exchange rates as well as relative prices between pairs of the N countries. Major recently developed panel unit root tests, panel cointegration tests and panel prediction regression are adopted to understand the PPP property in these countries. The non-stationary process hypotheses for most real exchange rate, nominal exchange rates and relative prices in the study can not be rejected. We then found that the there is no evidence to support the strong PPP hypothesis of the post-Bretton Woods system era in Asia. Morever, panel predictive regression also provide strong evidence that relative price can not help predict future nominal exchange rate returns. Furthurmore, the results of panel unit root tests and panel cointegration estimations find that the Harrod-Balassa-Samuelson effect exists and the Asian Financial Crisis indeed affect the PPP theory.
Chen, Ching-po, and 陳清柏. "Re-examine the Purchasing Power Parity in sPVAR Model." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40788816196244198103.
Повний текст джерела國立中山大學
經濟學研究所
93
The studies of exchange rate theory in international finance are divided into several schools. Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) is one important hypothesis in both the Monetary Exchange Rate theory and the main theory in the Open Macroeconomics Model. Although many models are found upon the existence of PPP, but it still has not been proved empirically. That is why it’s important to examine the existence of PPP. In the past, the statistic analyzing processes are all made directly under the models since all variables have been assumed stationary. However, regressing two non-stationary variables may result in Spurious Regression. The Unit Roots Test and Cointegration Test are developed in order to avoid the problem of spurious regression. Therefore, Unit Roots Test and Cointegration Test should be applied to the variables before estimating during regression analyses. Concerning the power deficiency of Unit Roots Test and Cointegration Test, many researches have adopted the combination time-series and cross-section Panel Data Model in order to improve the power and limitation of small samples. The Panel-Unit Root Test and Panel-Cointegration Test have therefore been developed to avoid Spurious Regression. However, Panel-Unit Root Test and Panel-Cointegration Test are applied with long time-series and large cross-section. Nevertheless, obtaining the data has always been the toughest difficulty during empirical researches, let alone the need for long period and large unit data. These Panel Data Models can only be applied to studies for long period, but not to the short periods. In order to avoid these problems; Binder, Hsiao and Pesaran (2004) have developed the Short Panel Vector Autoregressions (sPVAR) Model, a Panel Data Model developed with short time-series and large cross-section. Therefore, this paper will focus on Purchasing Power Parity under the sPVAR Model with the examination of PPP for the 30 countries since the introduction of Euro (1998 to 2004).
HUANG, TAIN-YUE, and 黃天岳. "The Determinants and Value Relevance of Green Power Purchasing." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3szm9w.
Повний текст джерела東吳大學
會計學系
105
Recently, environmental pollution, excessive greenhouse gas emissions and power consumption have been the important issues around the world. The “Paris Agreement” has been passed by United Nations in 2015 and has induced people paying attention to the issue about global environmental changes. This study exploits a sample of Taiwanese listed or OTC firms which purchase green power, and uses matched method to examine the determinants of voluntary green power purchasing, and the effect of purchasing green power on the value relevance of accounting information. Besides, we also investigate whether degree information of green power purchasing has value relevant. The empirical results show that the probability of firms’ voluntary green power purchasing is positively associated with the appointment of independent directors, CEOs do not hold the position of chairman of board, institutional holdings, close customer relations and firms’ competitive position in their industry. In addition, we find that voluntary green power purchasing could improve the value relevance of earnings, however, the effect is insignificant for book value of equities information. Finally, we also find that the degree of green power purchasing is a value relevant information for investors.
Shih, Chih-Yueh, and 石志岳. "Re-examining the Purchasing Power Parity of European Union." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/uq46n3.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
國際企業學研究所
106
This paper study examines the Purchasing Power Parity of 12 European Union countries. We divide our research objects into 2 categories, the first group includes 7 non-Euro countries—Denmark, Sweden, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland , Croatia, and Romania; the second group comprises 5 new members of Eurozone—Slovenia, Slovak Republic, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. Besides, this stuty first incorporates 3 main Price Indixes—Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), Producer Price Index(PPI), and GDP deflator to the theory of Purchasing Power Parity. To reach a more complete research process of Real Exchange Rate series, we conduct residual analysis and Bai & Perron structural break test in advance of unit root tests so as to use appropriate unit root tests based on the prior test results. In addtion, this stuty also incorporates DF-GLS unit root test and Zivot & Andrews unit root test considering the structural breaks in the series. For the global big issues which may lead to significant structural changes of Real Exchange Rate series, the result shows that the 2008-2009 Financial Crisis cause a more significant impact than the European Debt Crisis and the Europe Quantitative Easing Programme. Another noteworthy finding is that joining the EU does not make a significant influence on the structure of Real Exchange Rate series. Our empirical results show that there is no consistent conclusions on the Purchasing Power Parity. Lithuania and Slovak Republic in the condition of HICP, Estonia and Romania in the condition of PPI, and Sweden in the condition of GDP Deflator can support the Purchasing Power parity. Consequently, we reach different conclusions on the Purchasing Power Parity when applying different Price Indexes.
Gomes, Marta Carvalho. "Taking a stand: regaining power by purchasing controversial brands." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/104567.
Повний текст джерела"Operating power reserve as ancillary service: market mechanism for purchasing." Tese, MAXWELL, 2001. http://www.maxwell.lambda.ele.puc-rio.br/cgi-bin/db2www/PRG_0991.D2W/SHOW?Cont=1914:pt&Mat=&Sys=&Nr=&Fun=&CdLinPrg=pt.
Повний текст джерелаTsai, Bin-Yen, and 蔡秉諺. "The Research on the Purchasing Power Parity: nonlinear cointegration test." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21698087698102567368.
Повний текст джерела雲林科技大學
財務金融系碩士班
97
Purchasing Power Parity is a very important concept in the theory of exchange rate determination of international finance; the major idea is that the percentage change of exchange rate will equal the difference between percentage change of price in two countries if international trade don’t exist transaction cost, tariff, or barrier of trade. Therefore, we can predict the exchange rate through the price of two countries. There are many approaches to test validity of Purchasing Power Parity in the past decade, but the result is mixed. One of approaches called “Engle Granger two-steps cointegration test” examine whether the residual from the cointegration regression is unit root or not .The result is underperform when we do not take structural breaks consideration. We can not find full evidence to support the validity of Purchasing Power Parity Scholar Perron(1989) emphasizes that we test series with unit root test if we do not take structural breaks into consideration. This will cause over-accept null hypothesis of series is in presence of unit root. The power of unit root test will decline and PPP will be fail. Therefore, this paper chose 8 countries in Asia and 9 countries in Europe. Our empirical periods of all of countries are from January, 1968 to October, 2008 except Belgium、France Germany、Italy、Netherland are January, 1968 to December, 1998 . We used Fourier unit root test developed by Enders and Lee(2004) to compare with traditional Engle-Granger two-step cointegration test which doesn’t take structural breaks into consideration in order to study the impact of structural breaks on the power of test. The result show the two-steps cointegration test can not support the validity of PPP for 17 countries while the Fourier nonlinear method can support the validity of PPP for all countries.
Sheu, Deng Fang, and 許登芳. "Cointegration and Purchasing Power Parity - an Empirical Study of Taiwan." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12955273378938661057.
Повний текст джерела