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Статті в журналах з теми "Pulsed eddy-current nondestructive testing"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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1

Suh, Dong-Man. "Principles of Pulsed Eddy Current Nondestructive Testing." Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing 32, no. 2 (April 30, 2012): 210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7779/jksnt.2012.32.2.210.

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2

Vasic, D., V. Bilas, and D. Ambrus. "Pulsed Eddy-Current Nondestructive Testing of Ferromagnetic Tubes." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 53, no. 4 (August 2004): 1289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2004.830594.

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3

Grochowalski, Jacek Michał, and Tomasz Chady. "Pulsed Multifrequency Excitation and Spectrogram Eddy Current Testing (PMFES-ECT) for Nondestructive Evaluation of Conducting Materials." Materials 14, no. 18 (September 15, 2021): 5311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185311.

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Анотація:

This paper presents a new method for nondestructive testing—a pulsed multifrequency excitation and spectrogram eddy current testing (PMFES-ECT), which is an extension of the multifrequency excitation and spectrogram eddy current testing. The new method uses excitation in the form of pulses repeated at a specified time, containing several periods of a waveform consisting of the sum of sinusoids with a selected frequency, amplitude and phase. This solution allows the maintenance of the advantages of multifrequency excitation and, at the same time, generates high energy pulses similar to those used in pulse eddy current testing (PECT). The effectiveness of the new method was confirmed by numerical simulations and the measurement of thin Inconel plates, consisting of notches manufactured by the electric-discharge method.

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4

Dai, X. W., R. Ludwig, and R. Palanisamy. "Numerical simulation of pulsed eddy-current nondestructive testing phenomena." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 26, no. 6 (1990): 3089–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.102897.

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5

Ghoni, Ruzlaini, Mahmood Dollah, Aizat Sulaiman, and Fadhil Mamat Ibrahim. "Defect Characterization Based on Eddy Current Technique: Technical Review." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 6 (January 1, 2014): 182496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/182496.

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Анотація:

Eddy current testing is widely used for nondestructive evaluation of metallic structures in characterizing numerous types of defects occurring in various locations. It offers remarkable advantages over other nondestructive techniques because of its ease of implementation. This paper presents a technical review of Eddy current technique in various scope of defect detection. The first part presents Eddy current evaluation on various defects location and orientation such as steam generator tubes, stress crack corrosion, and fatigue cracks. The next section analyzes the use of pulsed Eddy current and pulsed Eddy current thermography as an alternative method for monitoring the growth of cracks with the aid of computational techniques for postsignal analysis.

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6

YANG, Binfeng. "Identification of corrosion fringe in pulsed eddy current nondestructive testing." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 44, no. 12 (2008): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2008.12.075.

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7

Liang, Yiping, Libing Bai, Xu Zhang, Chao Ren, and Yuhua Cheng. "Potential of Eddy Current Pulsed Thermography as a Nondestructive Testing Method." IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine 25, no. 2 (April 2022): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mim.2022.9756437.

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8

Chen, Kai, Libing Bai, Yifan Chen, Yuhua Cheng, Shulin Tian, and Peipei Zhu. "Defect Automatic Identification of Eddy Current Pulsed Thermography." Journal of Sensors 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/326316.

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Анотація:

Eddy current pulsed thermography (ECPT) is an effective nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) technique, and has been applied for a wide range of conductive materials. Manual selected frames have been used for defects detection and quantification. Defects are indicated by high/low temperature in the frames. However, the variation of surface emissivity sometimes introduces illusory temperature inhomogeneity and results in false alarm. To improve the probability of detection, this paper proposes a two-heat balance states-based method which can restrain the influence of the emissivity. In addition, the independent component analysis (ICA) is also applied to automatically identify defect patterns and quantify the defects. An experiment was carried out to validate the proposed methods.

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9

Dolapchiev, Ivaylo, and Kostadin Brandisky. "Crack sizing by using pulsed eddy current technique and neural Network." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 19, no. 3 (2006): 371–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee0603371d.

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Анотація:

A neural network approach for solving an inverse problem of identification of crack width and depth is proposed. Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural networks (NN) perform the identification. It was trained using information from numerical simulated pulsed eddy current (PEC) nondestructive testing (NDT). The capability of the RBF NN was checked with information from numerical and physical experiment. The obtained results illustrate the efficiency of the approach.

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10

Wang, Zhenwei, and Yating Yu. "Traditional Eddy Current–Pulsed Eddy Current Fusion Diagnostic Technique for Multiple Micro-Cracks in Metals." Sensors 18, no. 9 (September 1, 2018): 2909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18092909.

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Анотація:

Due to a harsh working environment, micro-cracks in metal structures (e.g., airplane, oil/gas pipeline, hydro-turbine) often lead to serious accidents, so health monitoring of the metals is of great significance to ensure their safe operation. However, it is hard to perform quantitative detection of multiple micro-cracks by a single nondestructive testing (NDT) technique because of their limits. To monitor for multiple micro-cracks in metals, a Traditional Eddy Current (TEC) and Pulsed Eddy Current (PEC) fusion NDT technique is proposed in this paper. In the proposed technique, the TEC technique is adopted to seek the locations of the micro-cracks in the whole of the metal, while the PEC technique is adopted to acquire information on the depth of micro-cracks automatically according to the location information by the TEC. The experiments indicate that the TEC–PEC fusion NDT system can localize the micro-cracks as well as detect the micro-cracks quantitatively and automatically; therefore, it can be applied in structural health monitoring of metal equipment or in picking candidate components in re-manufacturing engineering.

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11

Cheng, Liang, and Gui Yun Tian. "Comparison of Nondestructive Testing Methods on Detection of Delaminations in Composites." Journal of Sensors 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/408437.

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Delamination is one of the most common defects in carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) components, such as those used in aircraft and wind turbine blades. To detect delaminations, different NDT methods such as ultrasonic (UT), eddy current (EC) scanning, flash thermography, and recent developed pulsed-eddy-current-(PEC-) simulated thermography are conducted for comparison and evaluation of the new developed PEC thermography system at Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA), China through UK-China collaboration. A PEC-stimulated thermography system is built at NUAA, extended from previous joint work between Newcastle and Bath Universities. Using these NDT systems, man-made, dedicated delaminations with varied diameters and depths are investigated and studied. Through this comparison, PEC-stumilated and flash thermography show relatively good indications of the shape of delaminations. The joint studies also show that PEC-stimulated thermography has unique advantage for fibre orientation evaluation.

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12

Sha, Jingwei, Mengbao Fan, Binghua Cao, and Baoling Liu. "Noncontact and nondestructive evaluation of heat-treated bearing rings using pulsed eddy current testing." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 521 (March 2021): 167516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2020.167516.

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13

Patel, U., and D. Rodger. "Finite element modelling of pulsed eddy currents for nondestructive testing." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 32, no. 3 (May 1996): 1593–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.497557.

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14

Huang, Gang, Lu Ming Li, Yi Ping Cao, and Xing Chen. "A New Type of Instrument with Its Special Excited Input-Signal in Inspecting Residual Stress." Materials Science Forum 490-491 (July 2005): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.490-491.177.

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Анотація:

The issue of nondestructive testing in aeronautical structures is of considerable importance in the aviation industry today. And a high sensitivity magnetic field sensor, which has recently been developed is designed for non-destructive stress testing. It is based on idea of the magnetic field produced by pulsed currents and perturbed by the presence of stress. The sensor can be effectively utilized for the detection of defects and stress concentration in conducting materials using eddy current testing measurements. The principle of the measuring technique is based on the unbalance of the magnetic field where the stress or cracks exist. Also, the excited input-signal is special designed. A pulsed current was inputted and changed into a self-attenuation signal which does the effect in the probe.

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15

He, Yunze, Mengchun Pan, Feilu Luo, and Guiyun Tian. "Pulsed eddy current imaging and frequency spectrum analysis for hidden defect nondestructive testing and evaluation." NDT & E International 44, no. 4 (July 2011): 344–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2011.01.009.

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16

Zhang, Kai, Yunze He, and Zhurong Dong. "Pulsed Eddy Current Nondestructive Testing for Defect Evaluation and Imaging of Automotive Lightweight Alloy Materials." Journal of Sensors 2018 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1639387.

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Анотація:

Rapid and accurate damage detection of magnesium-aluminum alloy, which is an important material for automotive lightweight, is of great significance. Pulsed eddy current (PEC) is an effective electromagnetic nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) technique for metal materials. Metal loss evaluation and imaging are one of the most important steps in quality control and maintenance of key components of automobiles. A PEC method based on a rectangular excitation coil and an axial parallel pickup coil is proposed and investigated for the purpose of metal loss evaluation and imaging. Metal loss type of defects with different sections is designed and detected using line scanning technique and C-scan imaging in two scanning directions. Experimental results have illustrated that metal loss depth can be estimated effectively by the peak amplitude of PEC A-scan response. Then, the quantification information of metal loss depth is preliminarily obtained based on the linear fitting equation. Consequently, metal loss evaluation is realized by line scanning peak waves and C-scan pseudo 3D images. At last, the sensitivity comparison shows that the metal loss can be detected in both directions. The proposed method is an effective approach to evaluate the image surface-breaking metal loss in automotive lightweight alloy materials.

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17

Liu, Han Wu, Shan Ping Zhan, Yun Hui Du, and Peng Zhang. "Study on Pulsed Eddy Current Nondestructive Testing Technology for Pipeline Corrosion Defects Based on Finite Element Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 120 (October 2011): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.120.36.

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According to the principle and the type of the oil pipeline corrosion, we use the square wave of wide spectrum, strong signal transmission capability and a certain duty ratio as the excitation source of the pulsed eddy current. The finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the pipeline corrosion defects by applying the boundary conditions of square wave excitation to simulate the distributions of current and induced magnetic field in the pipeline under various defect volumes. It can solve the induced voltage variation with time on detection coil, and can accomplish the finite element analysis and the nondestructive testing about the pipeline internal corrosion defects with the insulation layer and the protection layer. The results of the study show: When there is no corrosion defect in the pipeline, the electric current in the pipeline is basically even distribution. The magnetic field is distributed for the symmetrical vortex shape from head to foot, and it has not obviously gather phenomenon. When there are some corrosion defects in the pipeline, the electric current forms partial symmetrical vortex shape in both sides of the corrosion defect, and it is obviously assembled in the defect place. The simulation results of the different size defects show that the maximum magnetic field strength and the maximum current value increase with the defect depth increasing, while the output voltage decreases with the defect depth increasing. By extracting the induced voltage signals on the detection coil in a certain excitation condition, the quantitative detection of the pipeline corrosion defects can be achieved.

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18

Xie, Shejuan, Mingming Tian, Pan Xiao, Cuixiang Pei, Zhenmao Chen, and Toshiyuki Takagi. "A hybrid nondestructive testing method of pulsed eddy current testing and electromagnetic acoustic transducer techniques for simultaneous surface and volumetric defects inspection." NDT & E International 86 (March 2017): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2016.12.006.

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19

Krzwosz, K. "Pulsed eddy current flaw detection and flaw characterization Electromagnetic methods of nondestructive testing. Edited by William Lord. Nondestructive testing monographs and tracts, Vol. 3, pp. 307–320. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers (1985)." NDT & E International 22, no. 3 (June 1989): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0963-8695(89)90109-6.

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20

Li, Qiang, Jianbin Chen, and Liang Zhao. "Research on an Improved Metal Surface Defect Detection Sensor Based on a 3D RFID Tag Antenna." Journal of Sensors 2020 (July 8, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8824091.

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Structural health monitoring (SHM) technology is a monitoring process and early warning method for the health status or damage of special workpiece structures by deploying sensors. In recent years, there have been many studies on SHM, such as ultrasonic, pulsed eddy current, optical fiber, magnetic powder, and other nondestructive testing technologies. Due to their sensor deployment, testing environment, power supply, and transmission line wiring mechanism, they bring problems such as detection efficiency, long-term monitoring, and unreliable systems. The combination of wireless sensing technology and intelligent detection technology is used to solve the above problems. Therefore, this paper studies the tag antenna smart sensor, which is used to characterize the extension of metal defects in SHM. Then, it presents a wireless passive three-dimensional sensing antenna, and simulations verify the feasibility of the antenna. The simulation results show that the antenna can characterize the two extension directions of depth and width of the metal surface structure smooth defect. At the same time, the antenna can characterize the position of smooth defects on the surface of metal structures relative to the antenna and then realize the smooth defect positioning.

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21

Li, Yong, Yi Wang, Zhengshuai Liu, Ilham Mukriz Zainal Abidin, and Zhenmao Chen. "Characteristics Regarding Lift-Off Intersection of Pulse-Modulation Eddy Current Signals for Evaluation of Hidden Thickness Loss in Cladded Conductors." Sensors 19, no. 19 (September 23, 2019): 4102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194102.

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Анотація:

The cladded conductor is broadly utilized in engineering fields, such as aerospace, energy, and petrochemical; however, it is vulnerable to thickness loss occurring in the clad layer and nonconductive protection coating due to abrasive and corrosive environments. Such a flaw severely undermines the integrity and safety of the mechanical structures. Therefore, evaluating the thickness loss hidden inside cladded conductors via reliable nondestructive evaluation techniques is imperative. This paper intensively investigates the pulse-modulation eddy current technique (PMEC) for the assessment of thickness loss in a cladded conductor. An analytical model of the ferrite-cored probe is established for analyzing PMEC signals and characteristics of lift-off intersection (LOI) in testing signals. Experiments are conducted for evaluation of the thickness loss in cladded conductors. An inverse scheme based on LOI for estimation of the thickness-loss depth is proposed and further verified. Through simulations and experiments, it is found that the influences of the thickness loss in the clad layer and protective coating on the PMEC signals can be decoupled in virtue of the LOI characteristics. Based on LOI, the hidden thickness loss can be efficiently evaluated without much of a reduction in accuracy by using the PMEC probe for dedicated inspection of the cladded conductor.

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22

Eremenko, Volodymyr, Artur Zaporozhets, Vitalii Babak, Volodymyr Isaienko, and Kateryna Babikova. "Using Hilbert Transform in Diagnostic of Composite Materials by Impedance Method." Periodica Polytechnica Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 64, no. 4 (August 13, 2020): 334–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppee.15066.

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The article is devoted to the problem of the increasing of information quality for the impedance method of nondestructive testing. The purpose of this article is to get for the pulsed impedance method of nondestructive testing the additional informative parameters. Instantaneous values of the information signal's amplitude is a sensitive parameter to the effects of interference, in particular friction, which necessitates the use of additional informative features. It was experimentally measured signals from defective and defectless areas of the test pattern. Using of the Hilbert transform gave possibility to determine phase characteristics of these signals and realize demodulation to extract a low-frequency envelope for further analysis of its shape. It was received the informative features as a result of researches. Among them are instantaneous frequency of a signal, the integral of a phase characteristic on the selected interval and the integral of a difference signal phase characteristics. In order to compare quality of the defect detection using selected parameters it was carried out evaluation of the testing result reliability for a product fragment made of a composite material. Considering the influence of the change in the mechanical impedance of the researched area on the phase-frequency characteristics of the output signal of the converter, it is proposed to use as the diagnostic signs: the instantaneous frequency and the value of the phase characteristic of the current signal for certain points in time. The proposed informative features enable to increase general reliability of composite materials testing by the pulsed impedance method.

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23

Crostack, H. "Development and application of pulsed eddy current testing using CS-Technique 11th World conference on nondestructive testing, Las Vegas, Nevada (United States), 3–8 Nov. 1985. Vol. 1, pp. 208–215. Taylor Publishing Co., Dallas (1985)." NDT & E International 22, no. 3 (June 1989): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0963-8695(89)90100-x.

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24

Farmaki, Spyridoula, Dimitrios A. Exarchos, Ilias K. Tragazikis, Theodore E. Matikas, and Konstantinos G. Dassios. "A Novel Infrared Thermography Sensing Approach for Rapid, Quantitative Assessment of Damage in Aircraft Composites." Sensors 20, no. 15 (July 24, 2020): 4113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20154113.

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Анотація:

The current necessity of the scientific and industrial community, for reduction of aircraft maintenance cost and duration, prioritizes the need for development of innovative nondestructive techniques enabling fast and reliable defect detection on aircraft fuselage and wing skin parts. Herein, a new low-cost thermographic strategy, termed Pulsed Phase-Informed Lock-in Thermography, operating on the synergy of two independent, active infrared thermography techniques, is reported for the fast and quantitative assessment of superficial and subsurface damage in aircraft-grade composite materials. The two-step approach relies on the fast, initial qualitative assessment, by Pulsed Phase Thermography, of defect location and the identification of the optimal material-intrinsic frequency, over which lock-in thermography is subsequently applied for the quantification of the damage’s dilatational characteristics. A state-of-the-art ultra-compact infrared thermography module envisioned to form part of a fully-automated autonomous nondestructive testing inspection solution for aircraft was conceived, developed, and tested on aircraft-grade composite specimens with impact damages induced at variable energy levels and on a full-scale aircraft fuselage skin composite panel. The latter task was performed in semi-automated mode with the infrared thermography module mounted on the prototype autonomous vortex robot platform. The timescale requirement for a full assessment of damage(s) within the sensor’s field of view is of the order of 60 s which, in combination with the high precision of the methodology, unfolds unprecedented potential towards the reduction in duration and costs of tactical aircraft maintenance, optimization of efficiency and minimization of accidents.

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25

Park, Duck-Gun. "Nondestructive Evaluation Using Pulsed Eddy Current Technology." Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society 28, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4283/jkms.2018.28.1.039.

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26

Salach, Jacek. "Eddy Current Tomography for Nondestructive Testing." Journal of Automation, Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems 8, no. 4 (December 20, 2014): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14313/jamris_4-2014/31.

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27

Gawrylczyk, K. M. "ADAPTIVE ALGORITHMS IN EDDY‐CURRENT NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 11, no. 1 (January 1992): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb051797.

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28

Antimirov, M. Ya, A. A. Kolyshkin, and R�mi Vaillancourt. "Eddy current nondestructive testing by a perturbation method." Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation 10, no. 1 (March 1991): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00567075.

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29

Gong, Zhi, and Shiyou Yang. "Metamaterial-Core Probes for Nondestructive Eddy Current Testing." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 70 (2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3036658.

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30

Valleau, A. R. "Eddy current nondestructive testing of graphite composite materials." NDT International 23, no. 6 (December 1990): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-9126(90)90892-r.

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31

Otterbach, Jan Marc, Reinhard Schmidt, Hartmut Brauer, Marek Ziolkowski, and Hannes Töpfer. "Comparison of defect detection limits in Lorentz force eddy current testing and classical eddy current testing." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 7, no. 2 (July 27, 2018): 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-453-2018.

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Abstract. Lorentz force eddy current testing (LET) is a motion-induced eddy current testing method in the framework of nondestructive testing. In this study, we address the question of how this method is classified in comparison with a commercial eddy current testing (ECT) measurement device ELOTEST N300 in combination with the probe PKA48 from Rohmann GmbH. Therefore, measurements using both methods are performed and evaluated. Based on the measurement results, the corresponding defect detection limits, i.e., up to which depth the defect can be detected, are determined and discussed. For that reason, the excitation frequency spectrum of the induced eddy currents in the case of LET is considered.

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32

Li, Cheng, Runcong Liu, Shangjun Dai, Nianmei Zhang, and Xiaodong Wang. "Vector-Based Eddy-Current Testing Method." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11 (November 19, 2018): 2289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112289.

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Анотація:

We present a type of eddy-current testing (ECT) method based on measuring the reaction of the Lorentz force by using a small permanent magnet (PM) as the probe. The means of measuring impedance is superseded by measuring force. By analyzing the variations in different components of the reaction of Lorentz force, the defects characteristics within the measured conductor can be revealed. The results indicate that the vector-based eddy-current testing method obtains good quantitative results and precisely evaluates the lift-off effect during measurement along two orthogonal directions. Numerical simulations are performed to provide supports for the experimental results. The method described in this paper may have great potential for use in industrial nondestructive testing applications.

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33

Liu, Bing, Ai Hua Li, Chang Long Wang, Jian Bin Wang, and Ye Teng Ni. "SOM and RBF Networks for Eddy Current Nondestructive Testing." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 1093–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.1093.

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Eddy current testing is a popular nondestructive testing (NDT) technology with a solid theoretical foundation. This paper presents a new crack test scheme which uses a self-organizing maps (SOM) network and a radial basis function (RBF) network to process the crack feature signals in eddy current NDT. And Fisher ratio method is adopted to optimize the RBF network centers and simplifies the network structure. The validity of this crack detection algorithm is verified by an experiment in which the wave signals of different crack locations and depths are acquired from the simulations and used as the training and testing samples. Finally, the assessment of the network’s accuracy is performed and the result is satisfactory.

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34

Vacher, F., F. Alves, and C. Gilles-Pascaud. "Eddy current nondestructive testing with giant magneto-impedance sensor." NDT & E International 40, no. 6 (September 2007): 439–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2007.02.002.

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35

Mingjuan Tan, Jiansheng Yuan, and Xinshan Ma. "A transfer function method for eddy current nondestructive testing." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 34, no. 5 (1998): 3459–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.717815.

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36

Hoshikawa, H., H. Saitou, J. Koido, and Y. Ishibashi. "Energy flow in remote field eddy current nondestructive testing." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 26, no. 2 (March 1990): 885–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.106459.

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KOYAMA, K., and H. HOSHIKAWA. "INFLUENCE OF SPEED EFFECT IN EDDY CURRENT NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING." Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation 7, no. 1-6 (June 1992): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10589759208952989.

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38

Salach, J., and R. Szewczyk. "High Resolution Eddy Current Tomography System for Nondestructive Testing." Acta Physica Polonica A 126, no. 1 (July 2014): 402–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.126.402.

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39

Placko, D., and I. Dufour. "A focused-field eddy current sensor for nondestructive testing." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 29, no. 6 (November 1993): 3192–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.281133.

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40

Wassink, Casper, Marc Grenier, Michael Sirois, Anne-Marie Allard, and Jonathan Berthier. "Eddy Current Testing Basics and Innovation." Materials Evaluation 79, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 360–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32548/2021.me-04218.

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Анотація:

Eddy current testing is considered a theoretically challenging technique. Out of all the different nondestructive testing (NDT) methods, the electromagnetic testing (ET) method (of which eddy current testing is a technique) is probably the most difficult for understanding theory. This is perhaps why the last Materials Evaluation Back to Basics paper on eddy current testing is from 2006, which is a long time ago given the amount of innovation in the technique that has taken place since then (Hansen and Peoples 2006). In this paper we will show what has changed due to recent innovations. We first will present the physics, and then explain how modern equipment assists the user in distinguishing between different physical phenomena. Although this paper is on conventional eddy current testing, we will also mention some other ET techniques along with their advantages and disadvantages.

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41

Liu, Jia, Wenwei Ren, Gui Yun Tian, Bin Gao, Yizhe Wang, Jishan Zhang, Brian Shaw, Aijun Yin, and Naomi Omoyeni King-Alale. "Nondestructive Evaluation of Early Contact Fatigue Using Eddy Current Pulsed Thermography." IEEE Sensors Journal 15, no. 8 (August 2015): 4409–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2015.2416394.

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42

Pavo, J. "Numerical calculation method for pulsed eddy-current testing." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 38, no. 2 (March 2002): 1169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.996299.

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43

Zhou, Jian Min, Jun Yang, and Qi Wan. "Review on Non-Destructive Testing Technique of Eddy Current Pulsed Thermography." Applied Mechanics and Materials 742 (March 2015): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.742.128.

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Анотація:

This paper introduces the theory of eddy current pulsed thermography and expounds the research status of eddy current pulsed thermography in application and information extraction. Thermographic signal reconstruction, pulsed phase thermography, principal component analysis were introuduced in this paper and listed some fusion multiple methods to acquire information from infrared image. At last, it summarizes research progress, existing problem and deelopment of eddy current pulsed thermography.

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44

Tsuboi, H., N. Seshima, I. Sebestyen, J. Pavo, S. Gyimothy, and A. Gasparics. "Transient Eddy Current Analysis of Pulsed Eddy Current Testing by Finite Element Method." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 40, no. 2 (March 2004): 1330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2004.825009.

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45

Sun, Hu, Yibing Shi, Wei Zhang, and Yanjun Li. "Transient eddy current response to pulsed eddy current testing inside a ferromagnetic casing." NDT & E International 126 (March 2022): 102587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2021.102587.

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46

Zaoui, Abdelhalim, Hocine Menana, Mouloud Feliachi, and Gérard Berthiau. "Inverse Problem in Nondestructive Testing Using Arrayed Eddy Current Sensors." Sensors 10, no. 9 (September 20, 2010): 8696–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s100908696.

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47

Taram, Abdoulaye, Cyrielle Roquelet, Philip Meilland, Thomas Dupuy, Christine Kaczynski, Jean-Luc Bodnar, and Thierry Duvaut. "Nondestructive testing of resistance spot welds using eddy current thermography." Applied Optics 57, no. 18 (March 21, 2018): D63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.57.000d63.

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48

Rodger, D., and A. F. King. "Three-dimensional finite-element modelling in eddy-current nondestructive testing." IEE Proceedings A Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews 134, no. 3 (1987): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0039.

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Bernieri, A., G. Betta, and L. Ferrigno. "Characterization of an eddy-current-based system for nondestructive testing." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 51, no. 2 (April 2002): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/19.997819.

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50

Uchanin, V. M. "Invariant efficiency parameter of eddy-current probes for nondestructive testing." Materials Science 48, no. 3 (November 2012): 408–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11003-012-9520-z.

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