Дисертації з теми "Public health laws Victoria"
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1
Stuart, Rhonda Lee 1963. "Nosocomial tuberculous infection : assessing the risk among health care workers." Monash University, Dept. of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, 2000. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9004.
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Anderson, Evan D. "The Relationship Between Laws Regulating Use of Mobile Communication Devices by Young Drivers and Crash Fatalities." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/309849.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Public HealthPh.D.
The use of mobile communication devices (MCDs) by drivers is a significant public health problem. Research suggests that MCD use plays a role in almost 400,000 traffic crashes each year, resulting in over 3,000 deaths (NHTSA, 2013). Drivers using an MCD are as much as four times more likely to crash as other motorists (Redelmeier & Tibshirani, 1997). Since 2001 forty-eight states have adopted one or more laws aimed at reducing the use of MCDs by drivers, many of which have been strengthened through subsequent amendments. Evaluations have yielded a mixed picture of their effectiveness (Braitman & McCartt, 2010; Highway Loss Data Institute, 2010; McCartt & Geary, 2004; McCartt, Hellinga, Strouse, & Farmer, 2010). Existing studies, however, have been limited by various design features. This study employs time-series methods to explore whether laws prohibiting use of MCDs by young drivers effectively reduce crash fatalities. The quasi-experimental design relies on an identification strategy that is common in empirical legal studies but has not yet been applied to laws regulating driver MCD use. The implementation of the identification strategy leverages the developing concept of legal epidemiology. Four state laws are ultimately evaluated. The primary analytic approach is difference-in-difference. In two of the four instances, there is some evidence suggesting a protective effect could be attributed to the law. However, this evidence was limited and differed in relation to specification choices. These findings cast doubt on some fifty state panel analyses that have suggested that laws are effectively decreasing MCD use and associated harms.
Temple University--Theses
3
Watson, Dale, and dale watson@ecosec com au. "The Regional Distribution and Significance of Stream Turbidity in Victoria." RMIT University. Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070206.150045.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis investigates the distribution and significance of stream turbidity in Victoria; specifically exploring the factors that may have influenced the pattern of regional variation in turbidity, and factors that give it significance in the regional, social, cultural and environmental context. The limits to water availability are set, not only by the quantity of water in storages or streams but, more fundamentally, by acceptable levels of water quality and catchment health. To make effective judgements of water availability managers of water resources need to know the significance of measured natural resource condition in the regional context. Stream turbidity can be considered by the agricultural community as a sign of soil erosion and a loss of agricultural potential, while from the ecological perspective it can be considered a sign of deteriorating river health. Fundamentally, levels of turbidity are closely bound with land use practice and, in the Australian context, turbidity can be considered a measure of the consequences of land management practices on soil erosion and run-off. Measured levels of turbidity in Victoria should be interpreted within the context of a unique history and geography. The spread of European colonisation and the introduction of massive land use change to the Victorian landscape have meant that over most of Victoria current levels of turbidity reflect the effects of over a hundred and fifty years of large scale intervention with its controlling factors. In Victoria current levels of turbidity are interpreted in a cultural context far different from that of early colonists or even of a few decades ago. The concept of Ecologically Sustainable Development which has dominated natural resource management in recent times brings new responsibilities to resource managers. Ecologically sustainable management means that resources must be considered in a more inclusive spatial and temporal context. In the early stage of Victoria's history sustainable management of water meant having enough water left from winter rains to supplement summer supply. However, in recent years, it has begun to have more complex associations; sustainable water use is now, almost universally considered to include maintenance of the environmental health of waterways, and by implication, the environmental health of the whole catchment. In this context, stream turbidity can be considered a useful indicator of catchment health, in particular, because levels of turbidity bear a direct physical relationship to catchment processes. New tools are needed to explore the relationship between land use and water quality at the regional scale. The results of this current research include a regional statistical model of stream turbidity, which is conceptually designed to offer useful predictions of stream turbidity and underpin sustainable resource management. The statistical model was used as input to the development of a unique map display using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The GIS is used to display the distribution of model predictions over a large region of south-eastern Australia. The practical advantage of this modelling approach is that it provides managers with the ability to identify locations in Victoria where measured water quality differs significantly from modelled water quality and flag them for further investigation. The major project outputs are a map of Victorian Water Quality Monitoring Network (VWQMN) catchments showing catchments in Victoria where measured turbidity differs from model predictions and a raster representation of the state of Victoria in which cell values indicate predicted stream turbidity. Important to this project was the novel use of GIS technology to process large national and regional scale digital data sets using tools developed for catchment scale hydrological models.
4
Macy, Jonathan T. "The impact of tobacco control policy on smoking-related attitudes and behaviors a study of smoke-free air laws in Texas cities /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3386700.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, School of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, 2009.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 22, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-12, Section: B, page: 7516. Adviser: Susan E. Middlestadt.
5
Vinci, Karen K. "All state adoption laws should be mandated at the federal level." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2003. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/333.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
6
Coelho, Thiago. "Citizens policing the police an evaluation of citizens recording police officer and wiretapping laws." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/833.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The focus of this thesis is to explore the legality, the issues, and the remedy to a controversial statute in the State of Illinois. This thesis will explain how the First Amendment relates to the Illinois statute and its desire of a citizen is right to report information that is not being granted. Moreover, this paper will further go into a recent legislative bill to amend the Illinois statute, its failure, the media surrounding the issue, and the consequences of amending or not amending the statute. It will further review state law in regard to citizens recording police officers, and explain how some states deal with the statute.B.S.
Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
7
Chakir, Anass. "The Laws of War and the Post 9/11 World." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1218.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
8
Jin, Yue. "Ending Tobacco Sales in Pharmacies: A Comprehensive Evaluation on Tobacco-free Pharmacy Laws." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437563357.
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Mathekgane, Justice Mpho. "The laws regulating National Health Insurance scheme :prospects and challenges." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2542.
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10
Slaney, Graham. "Wrist guards as a public health intervention to reduce the risk of wrist fracture in snowboarders." University of Western Australia. School of Population Health, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0041.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
[Truncated abstract] The aim of the research was to explore the association between wrist guard use and wrist fracture risk in snowboarders in Australia. During the study, the opportunity was also taken to examine the relationship between wearing wrist guards and the severity of wrist and elbow injury. A case-control study was conducted at the Mount Buller Medical Centre, Victoria, Australia. A total of 494 participants was recruited during the 2004 and 2005 ski seasons. Cases were defined as any snowboarder seen at the Clinic with a fractured wrist (N = 119), and controls as any snowboarder seen at the clinic for any reasons other than a fractured wrist (N = 375). Severity of forearm injuries were defined and analysed separately. Study participants completed a questionnaire consisting of: basic demographics (age and sex only); wrist guard use on the day of presentation; normal use of protective equipment; the number of days spent snowboarding that season; the ability of the snowboarder; and ski run difficulty. Risk taking behaviour was assessed by a history of any previous fracture or joint injury and psychometric questions. Clinic medical staff recorded site and severity of fractures and soft tissue injuries. Logistic regression was used to obtain adjusted odds ratios for these risk factors against the main outcome measure. Presence of wrist fracture and injury in snowboarders with and without wrist guards. ... There was a significant association between wrist guard use and soft tissue elbow injuries (adjusted odds ratio = 17.6, p = 0.011, 95% CI: 1.93 160.2), but no significant association with elbow fractures (adjusted odds ratio = 1.84, p = 0.385, 95% CI: 0.46 7.30). There was thus no evidence in this study that wrist guards increase the occurrence of other severe injuries in the forearm by transferring the impact force away from the protected wrist up the arm. No evidence was found for compensatory risk taking behaviour in participants wearing protective equipment. A local injury prevention strategy was implemented in schools in the Mt Buller district during the course of this study. Education about the protective effects of wrist guards enabled a policy change in the local secondary college so that wrist guard use is now mandatory for all snowboarders in the school ski programme: That policy states:
11
Cordery, Carolyn Joy. "Dimensions of accountability : voices from New Zealand primary health organisations : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Accounting /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/583.
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12
Eaton, Lisa Jean. "Policy adoption by state governments| An event history analysis of factors influencing states to enact inpatient health care transparency laws." Thesis, The Florida State University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3564876.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This dissertation provides an analysis and evaluation of factors influencing states to enact inpatient health care transparency laws between 1971 and 2006 inclusive, using event history analysis. The primary research question investigates "What factors influence a state legislature to enact a health care transparency law?" To narrow the scope of study, I focus on factors influencing states to enact health care transparency laws to collect and publicly report inpatient data.
The Unified Model of State Policy Innovation, developed by F.S. Berry and W.D. Berry (1990, 1999), provides the framework for the study hypotheses and the analysis of inpatient health care transparency law enactments by states. The Unified Model of State Policy Innovation posits a unified explanation for state policy adoptions. The model unifies the internal determinants and regional diffusion approaches of analysis for state policy adoption.
This study tests eight hypotheses using event history analysis (EHA). EHA is an analytical technique that allows for the testing of a state government innovation theory that incorporates internal determinants and regional influences on state policy adoption. Although there are numerous methods to conduct event history analysis, this study uses the Cox proportional hazards model (also known as Cox regression). Cox regression is a popular method for studying time-to-event data for policy adoption and diffusion studies. This study's quantitative analysis provides support for legislative ideology and unified party control of state government acting as factors influencing inpatient health care transparency law enactments by states. Additionally, the health care crisis and neighbors variables were statistically significant, but in an opposite direction than predicted.
The findings of this research suggest that state adopters of an inpatient health care transparency law are more likely to enact an inpatient health care transparency law when the state government is increasing in liberalism and when unified political party control of the governor and the governorship of both houses of the state legislature is increasing.
To generate new insights into the enactment of inpatient health care transparency laws, I conduct a case study of a national health care data professional association using several techniques, including telephone interviews. The qualitative analysis provides support for professional associations and policy champions as diffusion agents for inpatient health care transparency law enactments by states.
This dissertation supports variables traditionally used in policy adoption research including legislative ideology and unified political party control in state government. However, it will be interesting to see whether internal determinants such as professional associations gain traction over the traditional regional diffusion influences such as states sharing borders as factors influencing state policy adoption. Meanwhile, as evidenced in this study, there continues to be support for a model incorporating both internal and regional influences to explain policy adoption by states. The theory of policy innovation and diffusion to predict the factors influencing the spread of policies and the use of Berry & Berry's (1990, 1999) Unified Model of State Policy Innovation prosper as their applicability to numerous public policy areas, including health care, are continually demonstrated. Similarly, event history analysis and specifically the Cox regression method continue to gain support as their value as analytical methods and appropriateness for use in public policy studies is repeatedly demonstrated.
The outlook for the future of the health care transparency movement looks promising. The health care transparency movement promotes improved access to information, patient empowerment, improved patient safety and quality of care, improved provider accountability, and lower health care costs. This movement is not a fad, but rather a permanent change being implemented in all health care settings across the United States. Improved health through reliable, accessible data and data-supported decisions is increasingly becoming the norm and less an idealistic scenario to be realized in the distant future.
13
Szabados, Tibor. "Krankenhäuser als Leistungserbringer in der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung." Berlin : Springer, 2009. http://www.zhbluzern.ch/emedien_info.htm.
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14
Seifert, Ulrike. "Gesundheit staatlich verordnet : das Arzt-Patienten-Verhältnis im Spiegel sozialistischen Zivilrechtsdenkens in der DDR /." Berlin : BWV, Berliner Wiss.-Verl, 2009. http://d-nb.info/996165002/04.
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15
Hackworth, Naomi. "Development and application of a methodology for the evaluation of a health complaints process." Australasian Digital Thesis Program, 2007. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au/public/adt-VSWT20070928.092053/index.html.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (DPsych (Health Psychology)) - Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, 2007.Submitted as a requirement for the degree of Professional Doctorate in Health Psychology, Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology - 2007. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (p. 189-210).
16
Lawana, Andiswa. "South African patent law : developing a balance between the rights of the patients and promoting innovation within the pharmaceutical industry." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4749.
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Magister Pharmaceuticae - MPharmBackground: In South Africa many patented medicines are either unavailable or carry prices that most patients cannot afford. The effects of the patents systems on patient access could greatly depending on how the burden of a disease is distributed across least-developed, developing and developed countries. Method: The study based on a qualitative research method. The sample was based on a non-probability approach. The study used both primary and secondary data collection. The secondary data was critically evaluated and collected from scientific articles, company reports and internet sources, in order to obtain some better insight into the patent situation of pharmaceuticals. Interviews were conducted and analysed by selective ad open coding. Results: The South African patent system needs an examination process to evaluate patent applications. The Patent Act of 1978 meets the minimum TRIPS requirements. The South African market is unique and a small market for innovator companies therefore does not influence innovation by these companies. Conclusion: The study concluded that the key sections of the Patent Act that need further evaluation and aligning more with TRIPS flexibilities are: Compulsory License, “Evergreening”. Data Protection and Establishing an examination system. The study also concluded that the current South African Patent Act sufficiently promotes innovation within the pharmaceutical industry.
17
Mumford, Peter John. "Enhancing performance-based regulation : lessons from New Zealand's building control system : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy [in Public Policy] /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1206.
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18
Loff, Beatrice. "Health and human rights : case studies in the potential contribution of a human rights framework to the analysis of health questions." Monash University, Dept. of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5291.
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Jones, Joseph Timothy. "The Association between Medical Marijuana Laws and Maternal Marijuana Use." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3530.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Marijuana is the most common illicit drug that is abused by pregnant women, and recently many states have adopted various levels of relaxed marijuana policies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a potential association between residing in a state that allows medical marijuana use and maternal marijuana usage. Grounded in the theory of planned behavior, this study evaluated the prevalence and extent of maternal marijuana use in states that allow and states that do not allow medical marijuana use using the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). It was anticipated that more lenient subjective norms toward marijuana use and increased availability would support an increase of maternal marijuana use. The 2014 NSDUH was queried and analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression. The study revealed an increase of maternal marijuana use in states where medical marijuana was allowed, but the increase was not statistically significant. An increase of heavy users was observed in states where medical marijuana was allowed (54% versus 37%). Consistent with other research findings, this study revealed that young (OR = 3.56; 95% CI: 1.379, 9.213; p = 0.009) and unmarried (OR = 6.81; 95% CI: 2.485, 18.661; p < 0.001) pregnant woman were at higher risk for past month maternal marijuana use and had similar results for past year use. The unintended consequences of increased in utero marijuana exposure and its subsequent negative public health effects have been missing from the discussion of the relaxation of statewide marijuana policies. This study will provide policy makers responsible for changing marijuana policy with useful evidence on the unintended consequences of increased maternal marijuana use in areas where medical marijuana is allowed.
20
Shabat-Love, David. "An examination of the history and effect of American sex offense laws and offender registration." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/621.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
America's Sex Offense statutes and cases are some of the most controversial sections of modern law, both for the extreme sensitivity of their subject matter as well as the scope and application of those laws. This thesis is an analysis and overview of both the objective and subjective issues posed by the current state of those very laws: the subjective portion explored the development of current laws and the diverse attendant legal issues such as over-broadness and excessive or misdirected effect as compared to the Legislative and public intent which directly led to the development of these laws. Additionally a more objective study of their efficacy was conducted through the use of data regarding offense rates by locality. This objective data was procured from both the United States Census and Bureau of Justice statistics, which contained national averages such as the overall violent crime rate, and from the Florida Department of Law Enforcement Statistics and was supplemented with additional data from other academic sources. It is both the subjective conclusion and the interpretation of objective data that while the rate of sex offenses has lowered in recent decades this effect is a part of the overall trend of reduction in all violent offenses, and that the extreme stance of modern sex offense laws have arguably resulted in the net-negative of creating a class of individuals ostracized from all but other sex offenders who are virtually incapable of supporting themselves or at times of even finding legal habitation post-release. With little to no chance of a productive life, there is the strong possibility of recidivism and little incentive to avoid re-offending.B.A. and B.S.
Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
21
Kerr, Judith. "A Survey of Georgia Adult Protective Services Staff Regarding Elder Abuse Laws and Policies: Determining Training Needs." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/151.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background: The aging population is a rapidly growing demographic. Isolation and limited autonomy render many of the elderly vulnerable to abuse, neglect and exploitation. As the population grows, so does the need for Adult Protective Services (APS). This study was conducted to examine current knowledge of Georgia older adult protection laws and to identify training opportunities to better prepare the APS workforce in cases detection and intervention. Methods: A primary survey was developed in partnership with the Georgia Division of Aging Services’ leadership to identify key training priority issues APS caseworkers and investigators. A 47-item, electronic questionnaire was delivered (using Psychdata) to all APS employees via work- issued email accounts. Descriptive analyses, t-tests, and chi-square analyses were used to determine APS employees’ baseline knowledge of Georgia’s elder abuse policies, laws, and practices as well as examine associations of age, ethnicity, and formal education level with knowledge. A p-value of <0 >.05 and 95% confidence intervals were used to determine statistical significance of the analyses performed. Results: In total, 92 out of 175 APS staff responded to the survey (53% response rate). The majority of respondents were Caucasian (56%) women (92%). For over half the survey items, a paired sample t-tests revealed significant differences between what APS staff reported as known and what APS staff members indicated they needed to know more about in terms of elder abuse and current policies. Chi-square tests revealed that non-Caucasians significantly preferred video conferencing as a training format (44% compared to 18%), [χ2 (1) = 7.102, p < .008] whereas Caucasians preferred asynchronous online learning formats (55% compared to 28%) [χ2 (1) =5.951, p < .015]. Conclusions: Results from this study provides the Georgia Division of Aging with insights into specific content areas that can be emphasized in future trainings. Soliciting input from intended trainees allows public health educators to tailor and improve training sessions. Trainee input may result in optimization of attendance, knowledge acquisition, and intervention practices regarding APS service delivery. This in turn can enhance APS staff efficiency and response to cases of violence against older adults.
22
Iacovelli, Gianpiero. "The Ideology of Mental Illness in Ghana : A Discourse Analysis of Mental Health Laws (1972-2012)." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Afrikanska studier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28168.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In 2012, Ghanaian government promulgated a new mental health law aimed at setting up a community-based health care system in order to solve several problems that are affecting mental health facilities and people with mental disorders. The new law was also thought to overcome the limitations of the previous law, which was promulgated in 1972. This study provides an analysis of the mental health laws promulgated by the government of Ghana from 1972 to 2012. Through the methodological tools offered by Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), the aim of the thesis is to trace the ideological background of mental health laws and its changes over time. The analysis is particularly focused on themes such as the issue of public safety, the construction of the “mentally ill subject” and the conceptualisation of mental illness in the legal texts.
23
Piterman, Hannah, and Hannah Piterman@med monash edu au. "Tensions around introducing co-ordinated care a case study of co-ordinated care trial." Swinburne University of Technology, 2000. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20050418.092951.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the research was to analyse the organisational dynamics surrounding a health care reform implementation process associated with the introduction of coordinated care, which is an Australian Government initiative to introduce structural changes to the funding and delivery of health-care in response to rising health care costs. A longitudinal case study of an implementation team was studied. This included the perceptions and experiences of individuals and institutions within hospitals, the general practice community and Divisions of General Practice. Furthermore, the case study explored organisational structures, decision-making processes and management systems of the Project and included an examination of the difficulties and conflicts that ensued. The broader context of health care reform was also considered.
The study found that an effective change management strategy requires clarity around the definition of primary task in health care delivery, particularly when the task is complex and the environment uncertain. This requires a management and support structure able to accommodate the tensions that exists between providing care and managing cost, in a changing and complex system. The case study indicated that where tensions were not managed the functions of providing care and managing costs became disconnected, undermining the integrity of the task and impacting on the effective facilitation of the change process and hence, the capacity of stakeholders to embrace the model of co-ordinated care. Moreover, the micro dynamics of the project team seemed to parallel the macro dynamics of the broader system where economic and health care provision imperatives clash. Through its close analysis of change dynamics, the study provides suggestions for the improved engagement of stakeholders in health care change.
24
Gibbs, Lisa, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "'When the whole bloke thing starts to crumble... Men's access to chronic illness (arthritis) self management programs." Deakin University. School of Health and Social Development, 2003. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051110.130916.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis explores the issue of men's access to chronic illness self management programs from a social constructionist perspective. A combination of research methodologies was used; a quantitative analysis to confirm gender differences in levels and patterns of service use; a qualitative analysis to gain an increased understanding of the factors affecting men's access; and a trial to test the application of the research findings. The clients and services of Arthritis Victoria were chosen as the setting for this research.
The quantitative analyses were conducted on contingency tables and odds ratios and confirmed that men were under-represented as service users. The analyses also identified gender differences in patterns of service use. The qualitative analysis was based on a series of in-depth, semi-structured interviews. It was undertaken from a grounded theory approach to allow for the development of theoretical explanations grounded in the data. It was found that men's decisions to access chronic illness self management programs were strongly influenced by dominant social constructions of masculinity which constrained help-seeking and health management behaviour. However, the restrictive influence of hegemonic masculinity was progressively undermined by the increasing severity of the chronic condition until a crisis point was reached in terms of the severity of the condition or its impact on lifestyle. This resulted in a reformulation or rejection of hegemonic masculinity. The described conceptual framework was consistent for men from diverse social groupings, although it appeared less prominent in both younger and older men, suggesting that dominant social constructions of masculinity have the greatest influence on health decisions during the middle stage of adulthood when work and family obligations are greatest.
The thesis findings informed the development of some guiding principles for reviewing the structure and delivery of chronic illness self management services for men. The guiding principles will have direct application in the planning of Arthritis Victoria programs, and implications for other chronic illness self management programs in Australia, and also in Western countries with a similar health and sociocultural setting to Australia.
25
Enga, Kameni Innocent. "TRIPS and the WTO August 2003 deal on medicines: is it a gift bound in a red tape to developing countries." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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Faulkner, Amanda Ellen. "Do Variations in State Mandatory Child Abuse and Neglect Report Laws affect Report Rates among Medical Personnel?" Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/58.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Each state and territory within the United States is required by the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act [42 U.S.C. 5101 et seq.] to maintain a mandatory suspected child abuse and neglect reporting law, requiring certain professionals who regularly see children to report any suspicions of child maltreatment to child protective services. It is well documented that mandatory reporters fail to report each case of suspected child maltreatment they witness. This study sought to determine whether differences in three specific variables within the mandatory report laws had an effect on the frequency with which medical personnel report suspected child abuse and neglect. The three variables analyzed were: definitional scope of emotional abuse; standard of knowledge required for a report; and severity of penalty imposed on those who knowingly fail to report cases of child abuse and neglect. Data was obtained from the Child Maltreatment 2006 annual report printed by the Health and Human Services Administration of Children, Youth and Families. Of the three variables assessed, only severity of penalty yielded a significant association with report rate. States with lower report rates were significantly more likely to have lenient penalties for failure to report compared with those who had report rates above the national average (O.R. = 5.0, 95% C.I. = 1.165-21.465). It is recommended that states consider increasing the severity of the sanctions enforced for failure to report suspected child abuse and neglect. Although standard of knowledge requirements were not significantly associated with report rates, the literature suggests that standardization of this portion of the mandatory report laws could improve report rates, particularly among physicians.
27
Lunde, Martin Jacob. "Approach to medical missions : Dr. Neil Macvicar and the Victoria Hospital, Lovedale, South Africa, circa 1900-1950." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5809.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis examines the thought, work, and impact of the Scottish medical missionary, Dr Neil Macvicar, as well other personnel connected to the Victoria Hospital at the Lovedale mission in the Eastern Cape. Of special concern for study in medical history, missiology, and relief development studies, this work centres on Macvicar’s modern Western conceptions of Christianity, biomedicine, civilisation, African cosmological understandings, and traditional methods of healing, within the last years of the Cape Colony and the early history of the Union of South Africa. Macvicar was heavily influenced by the scientific advances and thought of his day, which in turn shaped his perceptions and attitudes not only to African worldviews but to his form and expression of Western Christianity and mission work. His efforts to eradicate and replace ‘superstitious’ thought and ‘inadequate’ methods of treatment focussed especially on the training of an African elite, including the first certified black nurses and largely unsuccessful attempts to initiate a scheme for black doctors. In addition, he promoted public health education endeavours; was heavily involved with patient care and treatment; enabled the inception of the South African Health Society; contributed countless articles, pamphlets, reviews, and books – both scholarly and popular; and was a central figure in the formation of the South African Native College (later to become Fort Hare University). As well as Macvicar, this thesis draws upon and exposes the impact of more marginalised medical personnel, such as Jane Waterston, one of the first female physicians in the modern British scheme, and Govan Koboka, a South African medical dispenser. Their work at Lovedale, among others like them in the late 19th century, was the primary approach to Western biomedical treatment offered by the mission, though largely unacknowledged in wider historical studies. This work also reveals how the hospital operated not simply as a place for healing, or indeed of dying, but as a ‘sacred’ or religious space in addition to its role as an educational centre for patients, and place for the training of other missionaries. Finally, elements of hospital-based biomedical practices, such as surgery, are examined and the Influenza Pandemic of 1918-1919 is looked at as a case study of mission community response to catastrophic disease.
28
Shuster, Jaime Lynn. "EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF TEXTING WHILE DRIVING TEXT BAN LAWS IN OHIO AND PENNSYLVANIA: A CASE STUDY." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1532442009056945.
Повний текст джерела
29
Pettyjohn, Samuel. "The Impact of State-Level Laws on Syringe Service Program Access and Risk Environment of People Who Inject Drugs (PWID)." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3756.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Understanding concentrated areas with high rates of opioid use disorder (OUD) allows for improved placement of Narcan access points through syringe services programs (SSPs). People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) have lower risk of contracting infectious diseases the closer they are to SSPs. Tennessee law prohibits SSPs within 2000ft of a school or park, impacting the placement of SSPs in non-urban areas. Testing factors related to SSP siting placement within a system dynamic model can better determine the relationship between PWID risk environment and SSP access and utility.
Methods: We identified areas of greatest need for harm reduction interventions within a non-urban Tennessee county with Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Narcan administrations data (Aim 1). We then created a Google map to determine a theoretical ideal location for an SSP. We then applied the current legal restrictions to SSP placement to find the next-closest legal location (Aim 2). We then developed a theoretical system dynamic model of SSP access and utility and Risk Environment (Aim 3).
Results: We determined “EMS Zone 1” has a higher rate of EMS Narcan administrations than most EMS zones in the county and a higher rate compared to the whole county (Aim 1). We located a theoretical SSP location with shorter walk, drive, and public transportation times compared to the existing location. The closest legal SPP location still had an improvement in travel times but lacked other utility factors (Aim 2). Our theoretical model indicates that laws limiting SSP placement increase the distance PWID travel to SSPs. The distance of support services to SSP sites has a negative relationship with risk environment and to accessibility and utility of SSPs (Aim 3).
Conclusion: County-level geographic data is too crude to determine true “hot spots” of OUD. This new method using EMS data can provide entities a process for determining the best location for SSPs. Identifying measures of utility/accessibility for PWID can identify improved locations for SSPs but legal restrictions may lower utility/accessibility of SSPs especially for non-urban PWID. Current “Policy” or “Structural” level factors as described by the Social Ecological Model negatively impact PWID risk environment. Structural” or “Policy” and “Community” level interventions among state, city, and county governments have the highest potential to positively impact PWID risk environment.
30
Kelly, Shannan D. "Balancing disability laws : an assessment of the Americans with Disabilities Act as it applies to mentally impaired individuals in the workplace." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2002. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/284.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
31
Pettyjohn, Samuel. "The impact of structural level state laws on syringe service program access and risk environment of people who inject drugs (PWID)." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2005. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3756.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Understanding concentrated areas with high rates of opioid use disorder (OUD) allows for improved placement of Narcan access points through syringe services programs (SSPs). People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) have lower risk of contracting infectious diseases the closer they are to SSPs. Tennessee law prohibits SSPs within 2000ft of a school or park, impacting the placement of SSPs in non-urban areas. Testing factors related to SSP siting placement within a system dynamic model can better determine the relationship between PWID risk environment and SSP access and utility.
Methods: We identified areas of greatest need for harm reduction interventions within a non-urban Tennessee county with Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Narcan administrations data (Aim 1). We then created a Google map to determine a theoretical ideal location for an SSP. We then applied the current legal restrictions to SSP placement to find the next-closest legal location (Aim 2). We then developed a theoretical system dynamic model of SSP access and utility and Risk Environment (Aim 3).
Results: We determined “EMS Zone 1” has a higher rate of EMS Narcan administrations than most EMS zones in the county and a higher rate compared to the whole county (Aim 1). We located a theoretical SSP location with shorter walk, drive, and public transportation times compared to the existing location. The closest legal SPP location still had an improvement in travel times but lacked other utility factors (Aim 2). Our theoretical model indicates that laws limiting SSP placement increase the distance PWID travel to SSPs. The distance of support services to SSP sites has a negative relationship with risk environment and to accessibility and utility of SSPs (Aim 3).
Conclusion: County-level geographic data is too crude to determine true “hot spots” of OUD. This new method using EMS data can provide entities a process for determining the best location for SSPs. Identifying measures of utility/accessibility for PWID can identify improved locations for SSPs but legal restrictions may lower utility/accessibility of SSPs especially for non-urban PWID. Current “Policy” or “Structural” level factors as described by the Social Ecological Model negatively impact PWID risk environment. Structural” or “Policy” and “Community” level interventions among state, city, and county governments have the highest potential to positively impact PWID risk environment.
32
Clissold, Carolyn M. "How discourses stifle the Primary Health Care Strategy's intent to reduce health inequalities : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Applied) in Nursing /." ResearchArchive@Victoria, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/185.
Повний текст джерела
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Craig, Matthew A. "The exhaustive debate over administrative involvement as applied to the Americans with Disabilities Act." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2001. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/267.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
34
Donis, Natalie. "Animal Cruelty: The Nexus Between Admonishable Violence and Sanctionable Criminal Acts." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/951.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years, animal cruelty has stirred into the limelight as society has given the issue further consideration. State and federal laws as well as the establishment of diverse non-governmental organizations exist to abate animal cruelty, but such institutions have lagged in creating effective control mechanisms in spite of the growth of this modern day pandemic. This thesis will discuss animal cruelty, the types of cruelty, legislative developments, correlation of animal cruelty to violence among humans, and ways to strengthen control mechanisms. Credible findings have indicated a propensity for offenders of animal cruelty to escalate their acts of violence towards a human. Although animal cruelty has made a modest impression on society, a significant segment of our population nevertheless shares the belief that animals are property lacking a holistic set of basic rights, which in turn perpetuates egregious forms of abuse towards animals. Said abuses will be thoroughly reviewed in this thesis with the intent of bringing a collective consciousness to the reader of the extensive types of abuses animals are subjugated to by some of the most heinous offenders. Then, a discussion will proceed of the hoisting impact animal cruelty has in galvanizing violence towards humans. By meticulously analyzing a variety of empirical research showing the overarching effects of animal cruelty as well as by analyzing state and federal laws that have been hindered tepid enforcement control mechanisms over the years, this thesis will argue for an overhaul of enforcement mechanisms so as to cause broader circumvention of animal cruelty. While research shows that there has been a growth in awareness by another significant segment of the population as to gravity of the situation dealing with the mistreatment of animals in our society, there still remains insufficient societal awareness and governmental power to abundantly curtail this imminent problem. Only when society is enlightened with the dangers of animal cruelty and how it can have dire undulating effects within the community, will substantial advancements be made to give animals the wide spectrum of rights they deserve. After conveying the societal necessity for change in constructively protecting animals, a discussion will ensue on the inadequacy of animal laws today. Then, a discussion will proceed on ways to strengthen animal rights in a manner that is reflective of the general cultural norms and values in this modern age. It is the intent of this thesis to affect change and begin a constructive discourse in society of how to mend the preceding errors of prior generations when dealing with animal abuse. While for a significant segment of the population the merit of such argumentation may rest solely in the notion that animals deserve certain basic rights, this thesis widens the purview of consciousness with the empirically-proven affirmation that animal violence can potentially lead to attacks against humans by people who progressively engage in anti-social acts. Thus, the nexus between admonishable violent acts and sanctionable criminal acts is intrinsically intertwined in the notion that animal abuse is a potential precursor to human abuse. In this light, even that segment of the population apathetic towards the plight of animals may not refute the importance of impugning any and all admonishable violent acts against animals into the realm of punitive criminal sanctions orchestrated by a governmental body empowered with seeking the common good--for to otherwise refute animal rights through this newly-endowed lens would be to refute human rights as well.B.A. and B.S.
Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
35
Poget, Gaël. "Legal aspects of facilitation in civil aviation : health issues." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81228.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As you probably know, to board the B777-300ERi in Geneva for Anchorage via London, is not just that simple. With your ticket you bought several days before, you come to the airport, check in, pay airport's fees, go through the customs and security checks, walk in the terminal following signs, maybe you stop in the duty free shops, and finally find your gate. By this time, you are ready to board, about one hour after you enter the airport.We will be essentially interested in air law that is why, the purpose of this master's thesis is to consider the legal aspect of facilitation in civil aviation. The term facilitation refers to the process that passengers, crew, luggage, cargo and mail have to go through when they cross borders to fly from a point A to a point B.
Recently, an aspect of facilitation took an outstanding importance: health issues. At the end of last year, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak was a real threat to international civil aviation because passengers (and crews) could have been exposed to an infected person inside the terminal or on board the plane, also, aircrafts were considered a fast vector of this disease through the world. The economic consequences for airlines and airports were very painful.
iBoeing 777-300 Extended Range.
36
Rikwe, Zoliswa. "The effectiveness of the mechanisms to manage strikes in essential services in the public health sector, Western Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2875.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (MTech (Human Resource Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.The principle of the right to strike is internationally documented, as determined by the Committee on Freedom of Association. In South Africa, the right to strike is enshrined and protected in Section 23 of the country's Constitution under its Bill of Rights. Under specific circumstances, the Constitution allows for legislation to limit a right listed in Section 23. At the same time, the Constitution guarantees that everyone has the right to life and health care services. South African industrial action is regulated by the Labour Relations Act (LRA) No. 66 of 1995, as amended, which precludes workers who are employed in essential services from striking, because interruption of these services may endanger lives. However, the LRA also provides for the conclusion of a Minimum Service Agreement (MSA), where minimum services replace essential services. No MSA has been ratified since the LRA was promulgated in 1995. It is on this premise that the author investigated the mechanisms which have been put in place to create a balance between the right to strike and the need to provide essential services in the event of a strike. This study used a qualitative research design. Open-ended questionnaires were distributed to the target research sample. Purposive sampling was applied to a total of 30 participants who were selected from the Western Cape Department of Health's essential services. The qualitative data was analysed using theme identification to make sense of the findings. The research results reveal that employees who are providing essential services have the right to strike only if certain conditions are met. One of these conditions is the conclusion of a Minimum Service Agreement (MSA) to ensure a balance between the rights of health workers to strike and the rights of citizens to be provided with health care services. This agreement provides the duties and responsibilities of the employer and employees for the continuation of minimum services in the event of a public sector strike to ensure that service delivery is not interrupted. Specific recommendations are made by the researcher regarding the MSA, and measures are discussed to ensure that the minimum services within essential services remain operational in the event of a public sector strike.
37
Walker, Olivia. "Cuba's deepwater drilling operations United States relations, legalities, and future." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/634.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
After the calamitous and environmentally devastating occurrence of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, the sobering realities of the United States' failure to successfully protect its ocean waters have caused several modifications in policy, legislation, and overall direction ofthe entire nation. Although there has been a general shift towards ecological safety and away from the pursuit to drill, oil-drilling explorations have continued to take place in internationally. This research will focus on the future operations of Repsol YPF, S.A., a Spanish oil company stationed in Cuba, whose drilling ambitions have caused a myriad of problems for the United States. The intent of this paper is to investigate the legalities surrounding Cuba's forthcoming deepwater oil drilling plan within the Florida Straights and how the existing relations between Cuba and the United States will shape the outcome. The majority of United States officials, senators, and policymakers are experiencing a great deal of anxiety and apprehension as Cuba's oil drilling plan continues to solidify. Recent changes in legislation and congressional opinion display the United States' overall objective to shape the manner in which the drilling operations will be carried out. This thesis will ultimately explore what progress the United States has made thus far in the sector of dialogue with Cuban officials, the various options the United States could seek in regards to taking part in the drilling operations that will soon commence in Cuba, and the current risks involved with the entirety of the drilling endeavor.B.A. and B.S.
Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
38
Zhang, Lei. "Uncompensated Care Provision and the Economic Behavior of Hospitals: the Influence of the Regulatory Environment." Diss., unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-02242009-152847/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2008.Title from file title page. Paul G. Farnham, committee chair; Patricia G. Ketsche , Douglas S. Noonan (Ga. Tech.), Shiferaw Gurmu, Karen J. Minyard, William S. Custer, committee members. Description based on contents viewed June 11, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 146-153).
39
BRINGEL, LARA L. C. C. "Contribuição jurídica contemporânea à efetivação do direito à saúde no Brasil face a inoperância do poder público no exercício de suas funções." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2017. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/28055.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Submitted by Pedro Silva Filho (pfsilva@ipen.br) on 2017-11-23T12:33:35Z
No. of bitstreams: 0Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-23T12:33:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
O presente trabalho destina-se à apresentar uma contribuição contemporânea no que tange ao debate existente acerca da efetivação do direito à saúde no Brasil face a inoperância do Poder Público no exercício de suas funções. Metodologicamente a pesquisa foi classificada quanto aos fins em exploratória e qualitativa, e quanto aos meios em bibliográfica e documental. Com o intuito de aprimorar a problemática do tema de maneira inovadora, a princípio, foi feita uma abordagem sobre à evolução histórica dos Direitos Fundamentais e Humanos, sendo identificado que o direito à saúde é caracterizado como um direito fundamental social de segunda dimensão. Após, foram apresentadas considerações no contexto do Direito Comparado, referentes à conquista e edificação dos Direitos Fundamentais, merecendo respaldo às contribuições inglesa, americana e francesa. Em sequência, foi trabalhada a ligação existente entre o direito à saúde, a dignidade humana, o mínimo existencial e a teoria da reserva do possível, teoria esta, criticada, por ter vinculação direta quanto aos limites orçamentários públicos dentro dos quais o direito à saúde é exigível. Em continuidade, foi analisada a estrutura normativa que prevê a criação e competência do SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde-SUS), haja vista que a sua ineficácia tem implicação direta no aumento das demandas judicias relativas à ineficácia do direito à saúde. Direcionado à apresentar um benefício inédito no que tange à efetivação da saúde pública pátria, foi desenvolvido um trabalho multidisciplinar, apresentando como relevante objetivo a possibilidade de incidência da Justiça Restaurativa no cenário atual da judicialização do direito à saúde. Tendo como premissa que o direito à saúde é uma garantia constitucional e fundamental, conexa à vida digna, buscou-se assimilar da melhor forma o fenômeno da judicialização do direito à saúde, tendo como ponto de partida seu conceito clássico, em ser um mecanismo onde através da propositura de ações judiciais, uma pessoa ou um grupo de pessoas tutelam ao Poder Judiciário prestações positivas voltadas ao oferecimento de bens e serviços relativos à saúde. A originalidade desta tese consistiu em quebrar paradigmas pré constituídos, no sentido de haver um prático reconhecimento de uma judicialização contemporânea do direito à saúde, com o reconhecimento por parte do Poder Judiciário, seu operador, em ser pluralista, admitindo em seu cotidiano, discussões que venham à contribuir à efetivação do direito à saúde, não sendo necessariamente por meio de uma demanda processual e de cunho judicial. Assim, eis aqui a relevância evolutiva de haver no Brasil uma política judicial moderna, aberta à participação multifacetada e reestruturaste no tocante à efetivação do direito à saúde.
Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
40
Costanza, Livia. "The security of international investments : a synthesis of impacts on public policies and domestic law of host states : a dissertation submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Laws /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1145.
Повний текст джерела
41
Navarro, Julio Cesar Acosta. "O Acordo TRIPS e suas repercussões sobre o acesso a medicamentos. O caso do HIV/AIDS no Brasil e no México: \"direito de patente\" vs. \"direito à vida\"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/84/84131/tde-05112012-112116/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Este trabalho teve o objetivo de analisar retrospectivamente o significado da interseção de dois fenômenos sociomodernos. Em primeiro lugar, a epidemia de HIV/AIDS (Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana/Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida), com suas características históricas pouco usuais e alta letalidade; e, por outro lado, a intrusão de leis de propriedade intelectual na sociedade, como o Acordo TRIPS (Trade Related Intellectual Property Subjects), com amplas repercussões sobre a saúde pública assim como sobre o desenvolvimento econômico e tecnológico dos países, sendo aqui tratados especificamente os casos de Brasil e México. Ambos os países modificaram suas leis de propiedade intelectual (LPI) para implementar o Acordo TRIPS (e, no caso do México, também o NAFTA) nas últimas duas décadas, levando a patamares mais elevados de proteção de propriedade intelectual no México, quando comparado ao Brasil. Estas mudanças, porém, podem ter contribuído, no caso do México, para um menor rendimento e eficácia do seu programa de combate à epidemia de AIDS/HIV já que, para dar uma cobertura mais adequada de tratamento com medicamentos antirretrovirais (ARVs) para sua população, teve que enfrentar maiores dificuldades para sua aquisição.This work analyzed retrospectively the meaning of the intersection of two modern social phenomena. Firstly, the epidemic of HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), with its unusual historical characteristics and high lethality; and , on the other hand, the intrusion of intellectual property laws in society as the TRIPS (Trade Related Intellectual Property Subjects) Agreement, that has far-reaching consequences on public health as well as on the economic and technological development of countries, and here we treated specifically the cases of Brazil and Mexico. Both countries changed their intellectual property laws to implement the TRIPS Agreement (and in the case of Mexico also NAFTA) during the last two decades, leading to higher levels of intellectual property protection in Mexico compared to Brazil. However these changes may have contributed in the case of Mexico to a lower performance and effectiveness of its programme to combat the epidemic of HIV/AIDS, since to give a more adequate coverage of treatment with antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) for its population, had to face major difficulties for the purchase of these medicines.
42
Salewi, Diana Henry. "The killing of persons with albinism in Tanzania : a social-legal inquiry." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/18645.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Albinism is an inherited condition affecting at least 1 in 4000 people in Africa. It is thought to be more common among black Africans although it affects the entire human populations. In most African societies, albinism is regarded to be a disability and the social attitudes against albinos are characterised by lack of understanding, fear, and also of prejudice based on the appearance of albinism. There are various myths surrounding albinos such as that they are born as a punishment, that it is a curse to give birth to albinos and that albinos are immortal and that they are in fact spirits. This causes them to be seen as outcasts in society. Albinism is an inherited, congenital condition resulting in reduced synthesis of melanin pigment in the hair, skin and eyes. It leads to a host of lifelong physical health problems, in particular visual impairment and ultraviolet induced skin damage. In Africa such problems are exacerbated by exposure to harsh sunlight and reduced access to adequate health care, especially in rural areas.Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2011.
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/
nf2012
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
43
Stefanova, Deyana. "Le rôle de la notion de service public dans l'organisation du système de santé en droit français." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0273.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Depuis les années 1970, la notion de service public a été conçue comme le fondement du système de santé en droit français. Cependant, cette notion ne s’est pas imposée comme un élément d’intégration des services de soins de ville dans le champ du système de santé. Parallèlement, le concept de système hospitalier, qui renvoie à la coordination de l’ensemble de l’offre de soins hospitaliers par l’Etat, a été construit en dehors du spectre de la notion de service public. Cela amène au constat de l’échec de la notion de service public comme fondement du système de santé en droit français. Depuis les années 2000, l’émergence du concept du système de santé en droit interne de la santé, ainsi que l’influence du droit de l’Union Européen sur la conception de service public dans le champ des services sociaux et sanitaires, ont conduit à un renouveau du rôle du service public dans le domaine de la santé. Le service public s’est alors progressivement transformé en instrument d’organisation du système de santé au travers de son régime juridique. En ce sens, la réintroduction de la notion de service public hospitalier, opérée par la loi Touraine de 26 janvier 2016, apparaît comme paradoxale. Le passage à une approche exclusivement fonctionnelle de service public en matière de santé implique désormais de procéder à la définition et à l’aménagement des missions de « service au public » au sein du système de santéSince the 1970s, the notion of public service has been conceived as the basis of the health system in French law. However, this notion has not become an integral part of city care services within the scope of the health system. At the same time, the concept of the hospital system, which refers to the coordination of the entire supply of hospital care by the state, was constructed outside the spectrum of the concept of public service. This leads us the to observe the failure of the notion of public service as the basis of the health system in French law. Since the 2000s, the emergence of the concept of the health system in domestic health law, as well as the influence of European Union law on the design of public service in the field of social and health services, have led to the renewal of the role of the public service in the domain of health. Public service then gradually became an instrument for organizing the health system through its legal regime. In this sense, the reintroduction of the concept of public health service, operated by the Touraine law of January 26, 2016, appears paradoxical. The shift to an exclusively functional public service approach in health involves defining and building "service to the public" missions within the health system
44
Ngundue, Jerome Essono. "Disparities in Arkansas Mandated Immunization Coverage Among Natural Home and Foster-Care Adolescents." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2940.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Anecdotal evidence indicated vaccine coverage disparities among foster-care (FCA) and natural-home adolescents (NHA). Arkansas laws require 5 vaccines for school entry (FVSE) to prevent 9 common childhood diseases. The study problem was that Pulaski County, Arkansas adolescent birth cohort (PCABC) immunization rates were low compared to U.S. adolescents for these FVSE. This study examined the extent to which (1) PCABC immunization rates were significantly different from those estimated for U.S. adolescents in 2006–2008, (2) NHA and FCA immunization rates were different in 2003– 2008; (3) sociodemographic variables mediate associations between home of residence (HOR), NHA or FCA, and up to date (UTD) status for FVSE; and (4) vaccination game theory (VGT) estimated deaths differ between individual-equilibrium and group-optimum behaviors. The methodologies applied were direct standardization, χ2, multiple logistic regressions, and VGT to analyze PCABC retrospective secondary data from the Arkansas immunization registry. The results revealed that U.S. adjusted UTD coverage rates for Hepatitis B, measles-mumps-rubella, and varicella were greater than those for PCABC. Race-adjusted FCA immunization rates were 120% higher than for NHA. Race mediated the association between HOR and UTD FVSE status, and African Americans had 80% greater odds of being UTD with FVSE compared to Caucasians. Group-optimum behavior was associated with fewer estimated deaths than individual equilibrium; thus, it is protective against disease outbreaks. Positive social change may occur among the PCABC when healthcare providers include these results in communications with parents at FCA and NHA community health clinics. Parental vaccine acceptance for their children may increase vaccinations and improve PCABC health and wellness.
45
Nagel, Markus. "Organtransplantation und Internationales Privatrecht." Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer, 2009. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3182142&prov=M&dok%5Fvar=1&dok%5Fext=htm.
Повний текст джерела
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Vieira, Lorena Saboya. "O DISCIPLINAMENTO LEGAL DOS RESÍDUOS DE SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE NO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO LUÍS: garantia dos direitos à saúde e ao meio ambiente." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2009. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1061.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
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Previous issue date: 2009-02-25Today, one of the most important concerns is the search for the environment balance, where the man becomes possible the perpetuation of his specie in harmony with the nature. Many problems with the destruction of the environment have been elected as priority for the governmental actions. The gradual increase of the solid waste generation and, in special, the health solid waste, is in evidence at the national and international environmental discussion, witch beyond the environmental disequilibrium they can either cause through the inadequate handling risk of epidemiologists alterations and public health exposition. Strategies that make possible the safe waste management had been created with the intention to minimize the environment and sanitary impacts preceding from this special type of residue, with prominence, the rules of the regulating agencies as CONAMA and ANVISA. The city of São Luís, in its turn, regulated the treatment of Health Solid Wast Management by the creation of many laws. However, this regulation is incomplete and unprovided of effectiveness, since the establishments of health disobey what is demanded in the law. In this direction, this thesis aims at to study the scene of the health solid waste in the city of São Luís, as well as all legislation that regulates its. This research tried to contribute with the solution of the problematic by a critical discussion about the current legislation and, also, making suggestions for new regulations more rigorous, specific, educative, effective and, still, with focus on the local reality. The research was based on information supplied by the State and Local Sanitary Secretary, Local Secretary of Public Services and for the State Secretary of Environment. The thesis was built to contribute with the scientific discussion about the rules effectiveness and the performance of the agencies
Uma das principais preocupações modernas é a busca pelo equilíbrio ambiental, de forma que o homem consiga perpetuar sua espécie em harmonia com a natureza. Inúmeros problemas de agressão ao meio ambiente têm sido elencados como prioritários para as ações governamentais. O progressivo aumento da geração de resíduos sólidos e, em especial, dos resíduos de serviços de saúde (RSS), está no foco das discussões ambientais de âmbito nacional e internacional, visto que além do desequilíbrio ambiental que podem acarretar através do manejo inadequado há o risco alarmante de alterações epidemiológicas e da exposição da saúde pública. No âmbito nacional, estratégias que possibilitem o gerenciamento seguro dos RSS foram criadas com o intuito de minimizar os impactos ambientais e sanitários provenientes desse tipo especial de resíduo, destacando-se a legislação dos órgãos reguladores, como CONAMA e ANVISA. O Município de São Luís, por sua vez, disciplinou o tratamento dos RSS através da criação de diversas leis. No entanto, essa regulamentação é incompleta e desprovida de efetividade, posto que há um descumprimento, por parte dos estabelecimentos de saúde, quase que total com relação ao exigido na lei. Neste sentido, esta dissertação de mestrado visa a estudar o cenário dos RSS na cidade de São Luís, bem como toda legislação que regula o assunto. Buscou-se contribuir com a solução da problemática através de discussão crítica à legislação atual e, também, pela sugestão de novas regulamentações mais criteriosas, específicas, educativas, efetivas e, ainda, que focassem a realidade local. A pesquisa baseou-se em dados fornecidos pela Vigilância Sanitária Estadual e Municipal, Secretaria de Obras e Serviços Públicos do Município e pela Secretaria de Estado de Meio Ambiente do Maranhão. A dissertação foi construída no sentido de contribuir com a discussão científica sobre a efetividade das normas jurídicas e a atuação dos órgãos fiscalizadores.
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Thebaud, Edern. "Les produits-frontière dans la législation alimentaire de l'Union européenne: émergence d'une santé alimentaire entre logique du marché intérieur et exigences de sécurité." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209577.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Si le droit connaît les médicaments et les denrées alimentaires, il ne reconnaît pas les alicaments. Or, ces dernières années ont vu l’apparition et le développement, sur le marché de l’Union européenne, de « produits-frontière » c'est-à-dire de produits se trouvant à la frontière entre les médicaments et les aliments. Confrontées à un vaste conflit de qualification causé par l’ambivalence conceptuelle des « produits-frontière », les institutions de l’Union ont, au nom de la libre circulation des marchandises ainsi que de la nécessité d’une protection accrue des consommateurs et de la santé publique, entamé, dès le début des années 2000, une large harmonisation des dispositions nationales relatives à ces produits. Considérés comme aliments, leur nature particulière nécessite cependant une approche adaptative de la part du législateur européen. Cette nouvelle approche de l’aliment par le droit, favorable à la reconnaissance d’une santé alimentaire, tant convoitée par la société contemporaine, ne résout toutefois pas l’ambiguïté quant à la place à accorder aux « produits-frontière » dans le corpus juridique de l’Union européenne.Doctorat en Sciences juridiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Sayakhot, Padaphet. "Perceptions and experiences of Laotian women living in Australia with managing menopause." Thesis, 2005. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/33015/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A more universal approach to an understanding of menopause can offer health
professionals a broader view of the phenomenon. Menopause is an important time in a
woman's life. As her body is going through changes that can affect her social life, her
feelings about herself and her ability to work. In the past, menopause was often surrounded
by misconceptions and myths. Now, it is recognized that menopause is a natural step in the
process of aging. However, different ethnic cultures perceive and experience menopause
differently. Women in some Asian cultures, such as Chinese, Indian and Laotian cultures
hold more esteemed positions in their culture when they are older and menopausal, while
western societies may devalue the role of women as they age.
The purpose of this thesis was to examine the perceptions and the experiences of women
with Laotian cultural backgrounds living in Victoria, Australia, in regards to how they
manage menopause, and to examine the Laotian cultural influence on the perceptions of
menopause. The research methodology was decided to use surveys or structured interviews
as the means of collecting data. The survey was used to collect demographic data, and
record social demographic and cultural factors, menopausal symptoms and menopausal
management. Data was collected from 55 Laotian women residing in Victoria.
Participating women were recruited by word of mouth, and through a Laotian community
representative of Victoria. One of the three methods, such as interviewer-administered
questionnaire, self-administered questionnaire and telephone interviewing was used to
survey Laotian women who were aged between 45 and 65years old.
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Lane, Courtney Renee. "Investigating diseases of public health importance - Victoria, Australia." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150517.
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In this thesis, I present the projects and activities I have undertaken as a Master of Philosophy in Applied Epidemiology (MAE) Scholar in Victoria. Between February 2013 and December 2014, I was placed with Communicable Disease Epidemiology and Surveillance at the Victorian Department of Health and the Epidemiology Unit at the Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory (VIDRL). Through these placements I experienced the day-to-day activities of a public health unit, as well as the applied public health research environment provided in a reference laboratory setting. During my MAE I analysed data to examine the relationships between antimicrobial resistance patterns in Shigella isolates and risk factors for shigellosis. I have found that location of travel is a possible marker of antimicrobial resistance patterns in shigellosis cases and found significantly elevated levels of ciprofloxacin resistance amongst travellers returning from India and their contacts. This project also highlights the prominence of periodic outbreaks amongst men who have sex with men (MSM) in driving shigellosis case numbers in Victoria and indicates a reconsideration of Australian treatment guidelines for shigellosis may be needed. As a result of this project, I also communicated with selected general practitioners and the community to increase awareness of an outbreak of shigellosis amongst MSM in 2014. My epidemiological project examined the effects of restriction criteria and covariate inclusion in the case-test negative design to estimate seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE). Using six years of data from the Victorian General Practice Sentinel Surveillance System I defined an optimum logistical regression model for this new, but growing, method of analysing sentinel influenza surveillance data to provide rapid annual estimates of influenza VE. I also report supporting evidence that repeated seasonal influenza vaccination in both the current and previous year may be less effective at preventing influenza than vaccination in only the current season. I report on two outbreak investigations. The first was a cohort investigation into an outbreak of gastroenteritis of unknown aetiology following a catered lunch. Attendees at the lunch were divided into three groups representing a standard meal in low, middle and high-income countries. I believe the source of illness to be a dahl curry served as part of the low-income country meal and stored in a hot box prior to serving. We have communicated potential improvements in food safety practices the to prevent further outbreaks. The second outbreak is a descriptive investigation of a Salmonella Typhimurium phage type 64 cluster identified in Victoria in 2013. I evaluated national hepatitis A surveillance in Australia, focused on detection of common-source multi-jurisdictional outbreaks. I consider the potential to enhance surveillance using nationally collated genotyping, sequencing and standardised exposure data. Finally, I present two teaching activities conducted during my MAE; a teaching session on selection bias and a lesson from the field introducing directed acyclic graphs I prepared for my fellow MAE2013 cohort. This thesis provides an account of my MAE experience, fulfils the requirements of the program and outlines the contribution my work has made to public health in Victoria.
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Wise, Kendra J. "Factors influencing the outcomes of public health legislation in the 2001 Oregon legislature." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/30864.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Legislation can be an effective public health tool, and understanding the
factors that influence legislative outcomes is advantageous for public health
practitioners who propose and advocate for legislation. The literature indicates that
the issues of personal freedoms, the presence or absence of strong coalition
leadership, and political conditions and ideology have significant influences on the
outcomes of public health legislation.
The existing literature includes information about the factors that influence
outcomes for legislation at the national level, and also discusses the factors that
influence initiatives (particularly tobacco-related initiatives) at the state level. Little
information is available, however, regarding the factors that influence the outcomes
of public health legislation initiated through the Legislature at the state level in
Oregon. The objective of the current research is to understand better which factors
influenced the outcomes of public health legislation in the 2001 Oregon legislative
session.
To answer this question, I used a cross-sectional case study design to
examine four pieces of public health legislation from the 2001 Oregon legislative
session. The legislation and outcomes examined included 1) Senate Bill 734 /
House Bill 2814, that would have allowed counties to opt out of providing family
planning services to county public health clinics (in committee upon adjournment);
2) Senate Bill 99, that would have required water suppliers serving over 10,000
people to fluoridate their water (in committee upon adjournment); 3) Senate Bill
608 / House Bill 3312, that would have required insurance to cover prescription
contraceptives at the same rate as are other prescriptions (in committee upon
adjournment) and 4) Senate Bill 965 / House Bill 3659, that implemented a
voluntary statewide health risk screening program for all firstborn children in
Oregon (passed by the Legislature). Data sources for this research included the
public legislative record, four Oregon newspapers (the Oregonian (Portland), the
Statesman-Journal (Salem), the Herald (Baker City) and the Mail-Tribune
(Medford), and tape-recorded telephone interviews with individuals involved with
at least one piece of legislation.
Two major and two minor factors were found to be influential in the
outcomes of the legislation included in this research. The two major findings
supported the existing literature, as major factors influencing outcomes were the
issue of personal freedoms (expressed as an individual or local entity's right to self-determination)
and the activities of effective political coalitions. Two minor factors
influencing outcomes in Oregon also emerged from the research; these were the
issues of economics (primarily in the State budget) and precedent (whether or not
other, similar legislation or programs already existed in Oregon).
The results of this research indicate that effective coalitions are necessary to
a successful legislative effort, and that such coalitions operate within a broad social
and political context. Future research should consider studying the development
and progression of legislative efforts and coalitions prospectively over time to
enable access to additional data sources such as radio and television coverage, and
to prevent errors related to less-than-perfect recall of past legislation in individuals
interviewed.Graduation date: 2004