Дисертації з теми "Psychosocial illnesses"
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1
Fung, Shuk-man Amy, and 馮淑敏. "Psychosocial risk and protective factors in chronic childhood illnesses: the case of thalassaemia major." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31234847.
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2
Fung, Shuk-man Amy. "Psychosocial risk and protective factors in chronic childhood illnesses : the case of thalassaemia major /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17390084.
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3
Brooks, Mirella. "Health Related Hardiness and Psychosocial Adaptation in Individuals With Inherited Bleeding Disorders and Other Chronic Illnesses." Diss., University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/22046.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An individual who is diagnosed with an inherited bleeding disorder is expected to manage his or her condition on a daily basis. This chronic situation can totally disrupt psychosocial functioning and make it more difficult to adjust to the illness. Other researchers have studied this phenomenon in various other chronic illnesses; however, not in individuals with inherited bleeding disorders (Akkasilpa, et al, 2000, Pollack, 1989a, 1989b). Psychosocial problems are not restricted to individuals with one chronic illness and clinically, it is noted that some individuals adjust to chronic diseases better than others. Individuals living with inherited bleeding disorders may also have other chronic illnesses such as hypertension, asthma, diabetes mellitus (DM), congestive heart failure (CHF), arthritis, and hepatitis A, B, C and/or HN. The aims of this study are to describe health stressors, health related hardiness, perception of illness impact, self perception of health status and psychosocial adjustment to illness in individuals living with an inherited bleeding disorder; to determine relationships between demographic and illness variables, health stressors, health related hardiness, perception of illness impact, self perception of health status and psychosocial adjustment to illness; and to determine if perception of illness impact has a direct and/or mediating effect on the relationship between health stressors, health related hardiness, and self-perception ofhealth status and psychosocial adjustment to illness. A cross sectional survey design was used in this study. Sixty individuals of predominantly Asian Pacific Islander ethnicity diagnosed with hemophilia, von Willebrand's Disease, Factor V or as hemophilia carriers comprised the sample which was drawn from the Hemophilia Treatment Center of Hawaii. All participants were asked to complete five questionnaires: Demographic form and illness information, health related hardiness scale (Pollock, 1990), perception of illness impact scale, self-perception of health status and psychosocial adjustment to illness scale (Derogatis, 1990). Higher health stressors were
associated with higher perception of illness impact, lower perception of health status and poorer psychosocial adjustment to illness. Individuals with higher hardiness were better adjusted to their illness. Higher perception of illness impact was associated with lower self-perception of health status and poorer psychosocial adjustment to illness. Higher self-perception of health status was associated with better psychosocial adjustment to illness. Perception of illness impact did mediate the relationship between health related hardiness and psychosocial adjustment to illness. Perception of illness impact did not mediate the relationship between health stressors and psychosocial adjustment to illness, between health stressors and self-perception of health status, and between health related hardiness and self-perception of health status. The knowledge generated from this study has the potential to impact the existing practices in improving evidence-based nursing practice in caring for individuals with inherited bleeding disorders. Future research is indicated with a large sample to determine differences between diagnosed individuals and carriers, between various Asian Pacific Islander cultural groups, and to determine replicability of the findings from this smaller study sample.
4
Tan, Leek Moy. "Psychosocial adaptation to paediatric illness in Singapore." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391806.
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5
Fonte, David. "Processus et enjeux psychosociaux associés au développement des compétences psychosociales : une investigation en éducation thérapeutique du patient." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0292.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
À partir d’une approche psychosociale de la situation thérapeutique, cette thèse interroge les processus et les enjeux psychosociaux associés au développement des compétences psychosociales dans le contexte de l’éducation thérapeutique du patient diabétique de type 1. Suite aux limites identifiées par une revue systématique de la littérature (N = 60 articles), nous avons réalisé une recherche qualitative auprès d’adolescents diabétiques (N = 28) dans le but de mieux comprendre leurs besoins en termes de compétences psychosociales. Ce travail nous a ensuite amenés à dégager trois perspectives de recherche que nous avons exploités à partir de différentes stratégies méthodologiques : une étude expérimentale (N = 102) et une étude transversale (N = 261) auprès d’adultes diabétiques ; une étude prospective visant à suivre l’évolution du profil sociocognitif d’adolescents diabétiques (N = 24) ; et une étude qualitative à partir dix focus groups composés d’adolescents diabétiques (N = 26), de leurs parents (N = 9) et de professionnels de santé (N = 11). L’articulation de ces études montre que les compétences psychosociales sont régulées par des processus psychosociaux qui sont en jeu dans le contexte dynamique de la relation thérapeutique. Ces compétences s’inscrivent dans un système d’actions et d’interprétations socialement façonné par des enjeux thérapeutiques et relationnels ainsi que par une symbolique sociale. Leur développement semble déterminé par le statut social et l’identité des acteurs, les motivations et les attentes propres à chacun, ainsi que par la représentation de l’autre mobilisée pour construire le climat de la relation thérapeutiqueBased on a psychosocial approach to the therapeutic situation, this thesis examines the psychosocial processes and issues involved in the development of psychosocial skills in the context of the therapeutic education of type 1 diabetic patients. Following the limitations identified by our systematic review (N = 60 articles), we conducted a qualitative research with diabetic adolescents (N = 28) in order to better understand their needs in terms of psychosocial skills. This work led us to identify three research perspectives that we carried out using different methodological strategies: an experimental study (N = 102) and a transversal study (N = 261) with diabetic adults; a prospective study to following the evolution of the sociocognitive profile of adolescents with diabetes (N = 24); and a qualitative study using ten focus groups of adolescents with diabetes (N = 26), parents (N = 9) and health professionals (N = 11). The articulation of these studies shows that psychosocial skills are regulated by psychosocial processes that are at stake in the dynamic context of the therapeutic relationship. These skills are part of a system of actions and interpretations socially shaped by therapeutic and relational issues as well as by a social symbolism. Their development seems to be determined by the social status and identity of the actors, their motivations and expectations, and by the representation of others mobilized to build the climate of the therapeutic relationship
6
Weston, Christine Anne. "Psychosocial adjustment in children and adolescents with chronic illness." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327607.
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7
Adair-Stantiall, Alethea. "Illness representations, coping and psychosocial outcome in chronic pain." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/172759/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Research has recognised the importance of understanding the chronic pain experience using a biopsychosocial model. This approach acknowledges the impact of cognitive factors on psychosocial adjustment to chronic pain. This literature review explores the difficulties encountered by individuals adapting to a life with pain. It evaluates the evidence pertaining to the idea that beliefs about illness and coping strategies affect psychosocial outcome in chronic pain. The review considers the role of cognitive factors in self-regulating illness using the Common-Sense Model of Illness Representations (CSM). An evaluation of this model as it applies to chronic conditions is provided. Reviewing the literature reveals that despite numerous studies examining the CSM in chronic illness, there is a paucity of research applying it specifically to chronic pain. This review highlights the potential usefulness of exploring the CSM in this population in order to consider both the empirical value of the CSM and gain further knowledge regarding useful psychotherapeutic interventions in chronic pain. On this basis, the present study sought to investigate the CSM in a sample of adults with chronic pain. A significant relationship between a number of illness representations (beliefs about illness) and psychosocial outcomes was found. A subset of these met criteria for mediation. The findings imply that particular illness representations (identity, consequences and emotional representation) are associated with the coping strategy catastrophising, which in turn is associated with an increased tendency for depression, anxiety and reduced quality of life. Due to the cross-sectional design, causal inferences cannot be made. However, the findings imply partial support for the CSM in a chronic pain population. Directions for future research are highlighted, as well as implications for psychotherapeutic interventions which could help reduce unhelpful beliefs and maladaptive coping strategies.
8
Li, Sarah. "Symbiotic niceness : a study of psychosocial care in palliative care settings." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275638.
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Kendra, Matthew S. "How Do Biological and Psychosocial Perspectives of Mental Illness Affect Stigma?" Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1177527551.
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10
Foxwell, Rachel. "Psychosocial outcomes of enhanced external counterpulsation treatment : illness perceptions and psychological wellbeing." Thesis, University of Hull, 2012. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6071.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The portfolio has three parts: Part 1 is a systematic literature review, in which the theoretical, conceptual and empirical literature relating to the relationship between illness perceptions, mood and quality of life in coronary heart disease populations is reviewed. The results of this study provide support that illness perceptions are related to outcomes across CHD populations and disease progression, however the results do not selectively support one particular model. Recommendations are consistent with cardiac rehabilitation guidelines. Further research should focus on the systemic impact of illness perceptions. Part 2 is divided into two empirical papers: Paper 1 utilises a qualitative methodology to explore refractory angina patients' experiences of undergoing EECP, and their lives before and after the treatment. The study adds to existing literature by proposing that the process of undergoing EECP treatment not only leads to physiological improvement, but also effects psychological pathways, through providing hope, establishing a therapeutic relationship and increasing confidence and self-efficacy to confront positive and challenging health-behaviour changes. Paper 2 utilises a quantitative methodology to explore the relationship between illness perceptions, mood and quality of life in chronic refractory angina patients that have undergone EECP treatment. The current study supports constructs from relevant models; the self-regulatory model, theory of planned behaviour and an adapted version of the fear-avoidance model. A possible model demonstrating the process between illness perceptions and outcomes specific for chronic refractory angina patients is proposed. Future research could focus on concomitant interventions to improve physical and psychological outcomes, for example the Angina Plan could be delivered in conjunction with EECP to establish an integrated, multidisciplinary model of care and service delivery. Part 3 comprises the appendices. This includes a reflective statement and supplementary information relevant to all three papers.
11
Lam, Chun-yin Julia, and 林駿瑛. "Psychosocial correlates of illness control and adjustment in patients with diabetes mellitus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29873034.
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12
Lam, Chun-yin Julia. "Psychosocial correlates of illness control and adjustment in patients with diabetes mellitus /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19882257.
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13
Laurie, Gina. "A psychosocial study of young adults’ experiences of their sibling’s mental illness." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6165.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There are a number of studies that investigate the experiences of mental illness in the context of sibling relationships. However, these studies have not focused on young adulthood and limited research has been conducted in South Africa. This research uses a psychosocial framework which combines psychoanalytic theory and social constructionism to account for individual subjectivity and social influences. This method sought to answer two main research questions: how do young adults construct their experiences of having a sibling with a mental illness and with what effects, and how might we understand the emotional investments in these constructions? Six participants were interviewed and the findings suggest that participants draw on four main discourses in constructing their siblings’ mental illness: a discourse of mental illness as a sickness, a discourse of mental illness as part of the person, a discourse of mental illness as bad behaviour, and a discourse of mental illness as a spiritual issue. These discourses and the function of these discourses are discussed. Furthermore, an extract from one participant is examined in a case study format so as to explore the emotional investments in the discourse of mental illness as bad behaviour, arguing that her investments in this discourse serves to protect her by enabling her to manage feelings of not being ‘good enough’.
14
Bryon, Mandy. "The impact of cystic fibrosis and influence of mothers on childhood sibling relationships." Thesis, Bangor University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262744.
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15
Tolgyesi, Charlotte Sarah. "Psychosocial factors associated with self-management and well-being in childhood chronic illness." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1406/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Volume I comprises a literature review and an empirical paper. The literature review explores the link between illness representations and self-management in children and young people with chronic illness. Fourteen published empirical studies were identified for the review. A risk of bias assessment was completed for each study. Consistencies and differences between papers were identified. Overall, treatment control beliefs were most consistently associated with self-management across a range of chronic health conditions. The empirical paper details a cross-sectional study investigating associations between illness representations, self-efficacy, self-management and psychological well-being in young people with Coeliac Disease. Forty young people and 34 parents recruited from hospital outpatient clinics completed questionnaires. Results indicated timeline-cyclical beliefs and treatment concerns were associated with self-management. Timeline-cyclical, identity, treatment control and coherence were correlated with well-being. In terms of self-efficacy, young people with high levels of self-efficacy were more likely to have better self-management and positive well-being. Finally, dissimilarity in timeline-cyclical beliefs between young people and their parents was related to higher parental stress. Four full length clinical practice reports and a summary of CPR 5 (oral presentation) are included in the Volume II. Firstly, a case of a 55 year old woman presenting with depression is presented. The case is formulated from both cognitive and psychodynamic perspectives. A service evaluation of an Assertive Outreach Service is then described. Both of these clinical practice reports were completed while on an adult mental health placement. The third clinical practice report is a single case experimental design, detailing the assessment and treatment of a 15 year old boy with a mild learning disability and anxiety. This is followed by a case study of the assessment, formulation and intervention of a 15 year old boy with anger and memory difficulties. Finally, a summary of an audit of a new clinical service delivering psychosocial interventions in dementia is provided.
16
Tyler, Carmen M. "How the Illness Experience Predicts Key Psychosocial Outcomes in Veterans with Brain Injury." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1494576111782556.
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17
Coetzee, J. C. "The psychosocial themes in adolescents diagnosed with a co-morbid disruptive behavioral mood disorder." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01302004-141632.
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18
Frumento, Rebecca. "Experiencing Flow in the Clubhouse Model of Psychosocial Rehabilitation." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/735.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Persons with mental illness struggle daily to overcome their illnesses that relentlessly attack the mind. In efforts to revolutionize mental health treatment, psychologists and doctors have attempted to go beyond symptom reduction. One such method is the Clubhouse Model of psychosocial rehabilitation that welcomes persons with severe mental illness into a socially supportive environment and involves them in meaningful and productive work (Doyle, Lanoil & Dudek, 2013). The Clubhouse Model works: its members report greater feelings of functionality, autonomy, and happiness (Tanaka & Davidson, 2015). However, it is not yet clear how exactly the Clubhouse Model is so effective. The current proposed study will apply the psychology phenomena of flow (Csikszentmihalyi, 1990) to the Clubhouse Model’s core structure, its work-ordered day.
This proposed study will collect data on Clubhouse members’ experience in three activities: the work-ordered day, free time, and therapy to determine if they are ever in a state of flow. The proposal will collect the data over a six-month period using the Experience Sampling Method (Hektner, Schmidt & Csikszentmihalyi, 2007). Additionally, the proposal will collect longitudinal data of the members’ quality of life (QoL) to determine if members’ QoL increase due to their Clubhouse membership. The proposal’s first hypothesis is that members will experience greater levels of flow during the activities of the work-ordered day over their free time and therapy. The proposal’s second hypothesis is that by experiencing flow, Clubhouse members will experience greater levels of QoL.
19
Hart, Patricia Lynn. "Illness Representations, Emotional Distress, Coping Strategies, and Coping Efficacy as Predictors of Patient Outcomes for Type 2 Diabetes." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2006. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/nursing_diss/2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Diabetes mellitus affects 20.8 million Americans in the United States and is the fifth leading cause of death in the United States. Acute and chronic disease-related complications can have a devastating effect on the life of individuals with Type 2 diabetes. Reduction in acute and chronic complications can be best achieved by individuals’ adhering to appropriate lifestyle changes and maintaining tight glycemic control through a process of self-regulation. Self-regulation treatment decisions and lifestyle behavioral changes can be influenced by physiological and psychosocial factors. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between illness representations, emotional distress, coping strategies, and coping efficacy as predictors of outcomes (self-care behavior and A1c levels) in individuals with type 2 diabetes. A descriptive, correlational design was used to examine the relationship between illness representations, emotional distress, coping strategies, and coping efficacy as predictors of outcomes for self-care behavior and metabolic control in individuals with Type 2 diabetes as it relates to diabetes management. A convenience sample of 119 men (46.2%) and women (53.8%) between the ages of 22 and 93 years of age living in two urban cities located in a southeastern state with documented type 2 diabetes were recruited. Participants were recruited from four endocrinology offices, one internal medicine office, two medical clinics, and three diabetes education centers. The majority of the participants were caucasian (74.8%). Inclusion criteria were that participants a) had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for at least 1 year or more, (b) were able to read and write in English, (c) were 18 years of age or older, and (d) had an A1c level drawn within the past 30 days. Questionnaire booklets were mailed to participants. Participants’ A1c levels were obtained from their medical records. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics including frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, bivariate correlations, multiple linear regressions, and hierarchical multiple linear regressions. Participants perceived their diabetes to be a chronic, moderately cyclical condition with negative consequences and with moderate amounts of symptomatology that greatly influenced their emotional status. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis revealed that coping efficacy uniquely accounted for 9% of the variance in self-care behavior. Perceptions of higher coping efficacy were associated with higher beliefs of personal control and treatment control, a greater understanding of diabetes, engagement in higher levels of self-care behavior, and lower A1c levels. In addition, hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis revealed illness representations, particularly timeline cyclical, accounted for 12% of the variance in A1c levels. Perceptions of a more cyclical disease course were predicted of higher A1c levels. Interestingly, a perception of diabetes being a less chronic illness was associated with higher self-care behavior. This study affirms the importance of how illness representations and coping efficacy influence self-care behavior and A1c levels. The findings from this study have important implications for nursing practice in the areas of assessment, diabetes management, coping skills training, behavior modification, motivational interviewing, and diabetes education. Further research is needed to expand the knowledge base and develop targeted interventions related to illness representations, especially timeline cyclical, and coping efficacy in the diabetes population.
20
Waltier, Helen. "Partners in pain : investigating the relationship between illness perceptions, psychosocial adjustment and coping in chronic pain partners." Thesis, Open University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269852.
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21
Hilton, K. M. "Exploring the psychosocial experiences of adolescents with sequential cochlear implants." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2012. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/10976/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Section A is a review of the literature on the psychological and social implications of cochlear implants (CIs) in deaf children and adolescents. The literature is critically evaluated in relation to health-related quality of life, quality of life, psychological and emotional well-being, social well-being and identity. Relevant theories are outlined and discussed. Methodological limitations and gaps in the literature are discussed, and the review concludes with recommendations for further research. Section B describes a study using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to explore adolescent experiences of receiving and living with sequential cochlear implants (SCIs). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eleven adolescents. The master and sub-themes are presented and the results are discussed with consideration of previous research findings and theoretical, clinical and research implications. Most participants enjoyed improved confidence and social well-being following their SCI, and felt that two CIs were superior to one. The majority identified themselves as hearing and deaf, but not culturally Deaf, as they strived to live in the hearing world. However, this was not without challenges and many young people experienced feelings of difference in the hearing world. These findings have clinical implications in terms of the role of clinical psychologists in CI clinics, and in providing information to families making decisions about CIs. These findings add to the emergent deaf identity development literature in young people with CIs.
22
Färdig, Rickard. "Illness Management and Recovery : Implementation and evaluation of a psychosocial program for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Psykiatri, Ulleråker, Akademiska sjukhuset, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-175241.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the present thesis was to examine the effectiveness of the Illness Management and Recovery (IMR) program for teaching clients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder to better manage their illness and to promote recovery. This was accomplished through an examination of the program’s effects on psychosocial functioning and psychopathology, the evaluation of general and specific impact of neurocognition on learning the fundamentals of illness self-management, and the impact of symptom severity on outcome of the IMR program. The utility of the illness management and recovery scale to evaluate illness self-management of clients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder was also investigated. The effects of the IMR program were evaluated in a randomized controlled trial that compared participants in the program to participants receiving treatment as usual. 41 participants were recruited at six psychiatric outpatient rehabilitation centers in Uppsala, Sweden, and were randomly assigned to IMR groups for approximately 40 sessions or to a treatment as usual control condition. The IMR program participants demonstrated greater improvement compared to participants in treatment as usual in illness self-management, reduced psychiatric symptoms, improved coping skills, and decreases in suicidal ideation. The findings suggest that the IMR program is effective in improving the ability of individuals with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder to better manage their illness. Possible association between neurocognitive functioning and the acquisition of illness self-management skills was investigated in a total of 53 participants who completed the IMR program. Speed of processing was related to client reported illness self-management skills acquisition, before and after controlling for psychiatric symptoms and medication, but neurocognitive functioning did not predict improvement in clinician ratings of client illness self-management skills. The findings suggest that compromised neurocognitive functioning does not reduce response to training in illness self-management. The impact of symptom severity on outcome of the IMR program was explored in 52 participants who completed the program. The results suggest that significantly more participants met the severity criterion of remission at post-treatment, and it appears that participants not reaching the severity criterion at post-treatment, also benefited from the IMR program, as indicated by the similar effect sizes of the two subgroups (meeting versus not meeting the severity criterion at post-treatment). The psychometric properties of the Illness Management and Recovery Scale (IMRS) were evaluated in 107 participants with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. And an item-by-item investigation was conducted in order to establish their utility in monitoring the clients' progress in the IMR program. Both the client and clinician version of the IMRS demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency, large test-retest reliability, and convergent validity with conceptually related measures of psychiatric symptoms, quality of life, and perception of recovery. The findings support the utility of the IMRS as a measure of illness self-management and recovery in clients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The general findings of this thesis support the IMR program to be effective in improving the ability of the participants to manage their disorder. The impact of neurocognitive dysfunction on the participants’ ability to learn the fundamentals of illness self-management seems to be limited, and symptom severity did not limit the benefits of the IMR program. Support for the utility of the IMRS to monitor the participants’ progress in the program was also found, providing a brief and economical method for assessing outcome of the IMR program.Syftet med föreliggande avhandlingsarbete var att undersöka Illness Management and Recovery (IMR) programmets effekter av att lära klienter att bättre hantera negativa konsekvenser av schizofreni eller schizoaffektiv sjukdom och att främja återhämtning. Detta åstadkoms genom en utvärdering av IMR programmets inverkan på psykosocial funktion och psykopatologi, en undersökning av specifik och generell påverkan av neurokognition avseende deltagarnas möjligheter att lära in grundläggande sjukdomshanteringsfärdigheter (illness self-management), samt en undersökning av huruvida schizofrenisymtomens svårighetsgrad inverkar på programutfallet. Vidare undersöktes Illness Management and Recovery Skalans (IMRS) användbarhet för att utvärdera sjukdomshantering och återhämtning (illness self-management and recovery) hos personer med schizofreni eller schizoaffektiv sjukdom. IMR programmets effekter utvärderades genom en randomiserad kontrollerad studie i vilken 41 programdeltagare jämfördes med deltagare i kontrollgrupp vilka fick enbart sedvanlig psykiatrisk behandling. Deltagarna rekryterades vid sex subspecialiserade psykiatriska öppenvårdsmottagningar och slumpades till att antingen delta i IMR programmet eller kontrollgrupp. IMR programmets deltagare uppvisade i jämförelse med kontrollgruppen förbättring i sjukdomshantering, minskade psykiatriska symtom, förbättrade coping-färdigheter samt minskade självmordsbeteenden. Resultaten stöder antagandet att IMR programmet är effektivt vad gäller att förbättra deltagarnas förmåga att hantera negativa effekter av schizofreni och schizoaffektiv sjukdom. Möjliga associationer mellan neurokognitiv funktion och förmågan att tillägna sig färdigheter för sjukdomshantering undersöktes hos 53 deltagare som genomförde IMR programmet. Resultaten pekar på att neurokognitiva svårigheter inte inverkar på deltagarnas möjligheter att lära sig sjukdomshantering enligt IMR modellen. Processhastighet var relaterad till klientrapporterad sjukdomshantering men inte till klinikerrapporterad sjukdomshantering. Processhastighet tycks vara relevant för klientens upplevelse av hur väl han eller hon tillägnat sig programmets strategier och färdigheter, snarare än sjukdomshantering per se. Huruvida schizofrenisymtomens svårighetsgrad inverkar på utfallet av IMR programmet undersöktes hos 52 deltagare som genomförde IMR programmet. Resultaten pekar på att signifikant fler deltagare uppfyllde svårighetsgradskriteriet för remission av schizofrenisymtom efter genomfört IMR program. Även deltagare som inte uppfyllde svårighetsgradskriteriet har nytta av IMR programmet något som indikeras av de båda gruppernas (uppfyllde jämfört med uppfyllde inte svårighetsgradskriteriet) likartade effektstorlekar. Illness Management and Recovery Skalans (IMRS) psykometriska egenskaper undersöktes för 107 deltagare med en schizofreni eller schizoaffektiv diagnos. Skalans enskilda frågor analyserades för att undersöka skalans användbarhet för att utvärdera deltagares progress och utfall i IMR programmet. Både klient och kliniker versionen av skalan uppvisade tillfredsställande intern konsistens, stor test-retest reliabilitet och konvergent validitet med konceptuellt relaterade instrument för psykiatriska symtom, livskvalité och återhämtning. Resultaten stöder antagandet att IMRS är ett användbart instrument för att utvärdera sjukdomskontroll och återhämtning för personer med schizofreni eller schizoaffektiv sjukdom. Avhandlingsarbetets resultat stöder antagandet att IMR programmet är effektivt vad gäller att förbättra deltagarnas förmåga att hantera de negativa konsekvenserna av schizofreni och schizoaffektiv sjukdom. Neurokognitiva svårigheter inverkar i begränsad utsträckning på deltagarnas möjligheter att lära sig sjukdomshantering och schizofrenisymtom tycks ha begränsad inverkan på programutfallet. Resultaten stöder även antagandet att IMRS är ett användbart instrument för att utvärdera sjukdomskontroll och återhämtning för personer med schizofreni eller schizoaffektiv sjukdom, vilket erbjuder en kortfattad och ekonomisk metod att utvärdera effekterna av IMR.
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Primomo, Janet. "Patterns of chronic illness management, psychosocial development, family and social environment and adaptation among diabetic women /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7227.
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Abraham, Kristen M. "When Mom has a Serious Mental Illness: The Mother-Young Adult Relationship, Caregiving, and Psychosocial Adjustment." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1287965059.
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Faulkner, Susan. "The role of psychosocial factors in the progression and recurrence of illness : a study of herpes virus infectious illness and chronic fatigue syndrome." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2005. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55402/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The longitudinal studies in this thesis found evidence for a causal relationship between psychological stress/negative mood and the subsequent recurrence of latent herpes virus and URTIs in chronically ill participants. These effects were much clearer than associations between stress and infection in volunteers with no chronic illness and it is possible that the latent infection leads to an immunological cost which in turn means a greater risk of URTIs
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Gumber, Shinakee. "Living in the Community with Serious Mental Illness: Community Integration Experiences of Clubhouse Members." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1319766795.
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Monnin, Kara Suzanne Monnin. "Receipt of Behavioral Health Care in Children with Chronic Illness: Relationship among Type of Psychosocial Problem, Communication, and Disease." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1461247635.
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Swanepoel, Monique (Marais). "The psychosocial influences on the family of a child diagnosed with cancer." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46181.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cancer affects everyone; it does not distinguish between age, race, gender or social background. When a child is diagnosed with cancer, it does not only affect the child, but also the family system as a whole. The focus of this study was on the psychosocial aspects that are affected in the family system once a child diagnosed with cancer. These psychosocial aspects included the emotional impact, the spousal impact, the role changes that occur in the family system, the financial impact, the impact on siblings as well as the impact on religion and spirituality. These aspects were investigated by the researcher during the applied study.
This applied study used a qualitative approach with a collective case study research design. The research population of this study included families who have a child diagnosed with cancer, who was treated at Nicus Lodge Cancer Treatment Centre in Pretoria which is a CANSA affiliate. The staff at Nicus Lodge selected participants who met the criteria based on purposive sampling, on behalf of the researcher. The researcher used semi-structured interviews and an interview schedule in order to obtain the participants’ experiences of their child diagnosed with cancer and the psychosocial effects it had on them as a family system. Nine participants participated in the study. The interviews were recorded with the permission of the participants and then later transcribed. Creswell’s steps for qualitative data analysis were implemented. By utilizing these measures and tools, the researcher was able to formulate findings from which conclusions and recommendations could be made. From the findings, the following themes and sub-themes were identified, demonstrating the psychosocial effect that a child diagnosed with cancer has on the family system and answering the research question: Theme 1: Protective measures with the sub-themes of religion, support structures and personality. Theme 2: Restrictive measures with the sub-themes of role changes, single parent, multiple children and date of diagnosis. Theme 3: Financial related aspects with the sub-themes of employment/unemployment, supportive employer, transport and medical aid. The findings demonstrated that many different aspects of a family system are affected when a child is diagnosed with cancer. It also demonstrated that a family system that had the necessary protective measures, were able to cope more effectively and maintain their quality of life when their child was diagnosed with cancer. The findings furthermore showed specific focus areas that a social worker in the health care setting, specifically in the oncology field, should focus on which hinder family systems from coping effectively. These focus areas enable the social workers to provide adequate supportive services to the families of a child diagnosed with cancer.
Supportive services are imperative when dealing with a family of a child diagnosed with cancer, and this is one of the recommendations of the study and a focus area for future studies. Recommendations from this study can be used by social workers in the health care field to better understand the challenges that families of a child diagnosed with cancer experience and how to effectively address their needs. Social workers can also utilize the recommendations to find ways to make their services known to the communities and improve their intervention and supportive services to these families. It is important for social workers to improve awareness in the community and to provide them with the necessary resources to cope better with the situation. To better understand this paper, certain key terms were used by the researcher.Dissertation (MSW)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
tm2015
Social Work and Criminology
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Kemp, Steven. "The role of illness representations in the process of coping and psychosocial adjustment among adults with epilepsy." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1996. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/676/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The self-regulation model (Leventhal, Nerenz and Steele, 1984) emphasises the role of cognitive representations of illness and coping efforts on patients responses to health threats. In this thesis the relationships between illness representations, coping and psychosocial adjustment were investigated among 94 epilepsy patients. The sample comprised three groups; recently diagnosed, chronic (clinic) and chronic (GP) patients. An instrument was developed to assess patients cognitive representations of epilepsy. The protocol used yielded both qualitative and quantitative data. Both chronic (clinic) and recently diagnosed patients exhibited significant adjustment problems. In contrast, among chronic (GP) patients psychosocial adjustment was good. Differences in coping and illness representations were found between groups. Chronic (clinic) patients were distinguished by greater reliance on wishful thinking and avoidance coping. Avoidance coping strategies were least prevalent among chronic (GP) patients. In terms of illness representations, recent onset patients were characterised by, weaker illness identity, acute timeline and perceptions of less severe consequences. Chronic (clinic) patients were characterised by; a strong illness identity, chronic timeline, perception of serious consequences and high contamination beliefs. Chronic (GP) patients also possessed a strong illness identity and chronic time perception, but on the consequences and self-illness components more closely resembled recent onset patients. A series of multiple regression analyses indicated that illness representations explained a greater proportion of variance in; mental health, psychological distress, self-esteem and social anxiety than did the coping strategies after controlling for neuroepileptic factors. The illness representation component self-illness relationship had the strongest overall association with adjustment. Additional components making a significant contribution were; illness identity, timeline and control. There were several distinct relationships between illness representations and coping. Illness identity, blaming others, perception of serious consequences and negative self-illness appraisals were positively related to wishful thinking and avoidance coping. Among the four coping strategies assessed; avoidance,problem-focused and wishful thinking were related to adjustment. Seeking social support did not emerge as a significant predictor of adjustment. Patients with a strong illness identity, who perceived themselves as unable to contain the effects of epilepsy, utilised wishful thinking and avoidance coping emerged as having the poorest mental health and self-esteem. This thesis demonstrates the value of the self-regulation paradigm in understanding psychosocial adjustment to epilepsy. Results are discussed with respect to operationalizing the model to investigate epilepsy, the presence of both direct effects of illness representations on adjustment and indirect effects via coping. The implications for clinical intervention work are considered.
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Grönoset, Petra, and Emma Hampgård. "”Hör jag inget så förväntar jag mig att allt är som det ska”: en studie om distansledarskapets utmaningar gällande att säkerställa den psykosociala arbetsmiljön : En kvalitativ studie hos Trafikverket." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Personal och arbetsliv, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-30540.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Syftet med denna studie var att fördjupa förståelsen för distansledarskapets utmaningar med att förebygga och hantera psykosocial ohälsa vid Trafikverket. För att uppnå syftet har ett kvalitativt metodval med semistrukturerade intervjuer använts som datainsamlingsmetod där intervjuer skett med både chefer och medarbetare. Studien bidrar till att lyfta fram viktiga faktorer som kan vara avgörande för att chefer ska kunna upptäcka och hantera psykosocial ohälsa. Resultatet visar att relationer, kommunikation och en hög interaktionsfrekvens är avgörande för chefens förebyggande arbete gällande den psykosociala arbetsmiljön. Resultatet visar även att fysisk närvaro inte är avgörande för huruvida chefen upplevs som närvarande, istället handlar det om att chefen i sina interaktioner är psykosocialt närvarande.The purpose of this study was to deepen the understanding of the challenges of distance leadership in preventing and managing psychosocial illness at the Swedish Transport Administration. In order to achieve the purpose, a qualitative choice of method with semistructured interviews has been used as a data collection method where interviews have been conducted with both managers and employees. The study contributes to highlighting important factors that can be crucial for managers in order to detect and manage psychosocial illness. The result shows that relationships, communication and a high frequency of interaction are crucial for the manager's preventive work regarding the psychosocial work environment. The result also shows that physical presence is not necessary for whether the manager is perceived as present, instead, it becomes important that the managers are psychosocially present in their interactions.
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Joyce, RoÌisiÌn. "The role of coping illness perceptions and social support in the psychosocial adjustment of people with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419372.
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Rapley, Patrica A. "Self-efficacy theory : relevance of gereral and specific efficacy beliefs for psychosocial adaptation to chronic illness over time /." Full text available, 2001. http://adt.curtin.edu.au/theses/available/adt-WCU20021127.113953.
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Tarazi, Reem A. "Neuropsychological functioning in preschool-aged children with sickle cell disease : the role of illness-related and psychosocial factors /." Click for resource, 2004. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/289.
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Rapley, Patrica. "Self-efficacy Theory: Relevance of General and Specific Efficacy Beliefs for Psychosocial Adaptation to Chronic Illness Over Time." Thesis, Curtin University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2542.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the last decade or more, chronic illness research has consistently found that the lineaer relationship between knowledge and behaviour or between behaviour change and improved health outcomes does not exist. Furthermore, the link between behaviour and health status is not as strong as the link between illness-specific efficacy belier and health status. Strategies to increase confidence in illness-specific behaviours have gradually assumed more importance in improving health outcomes. Strategies to improve behaviour-specific efficacy belief can assist individuals to change their behaviour by influencing behavioural choices, effort and persistence with task man demands. Concomitantly, it has been suggested that there is a positive relationship between efficacy belief and psychosocial functioning. It is unclear as to whether this empirical evidence also applies to chronic illness conditions with a complex self-care regimen. The degree to which a more general level of confidence, or efficacy belief, can also contribute to psychosocial functioning is unknown. The focus of this study was to examine the relative impact of general and illness-specific efficacy expectations on psychosocial adaptation to illness over nine months. The study measured illness-specific efficacy beliefs when it was expected that they were still developing.The illness-specific beliefs were compared to the purportedly more stable general efficacy belief. This longitudinal study employed an exploratory predictive design to measure efficacy beliefs in the natural setting. Data were collected at entry to the study, at three and nine months Participants included adults from three chronic illness groups: Arthritis (n= = ), diabetes type 1 (n = 104) and type 2 (n = 122). The self-report questionnaires used collect the data were three illness-specific efficacy belief measures, general self-efficacy and the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale. The dependent variable of interest was psychosocial adaptation to illness. Multiple regression analysis provided evidence of between-group differences in the positive contribution of general and illness-specific efficacy beliefs to psychosocial adaptation for chronic illness groups with different regimen attributes. The variables best able to predict psychosocial adaptation to illness over time, after being adjusted for perceived level of stress and general self-efficacy (belief in abilities in general), were illness-specific efficacy beliefs. A general efficacy belief contributed to the illness adaptation process initially but its influence reduced as the influence of illness-specific beliefs increased. Repeated measures MANOVA confirmed the stability of general efficacy belief. The contribution of this study to current knowledge of self- -efficacy theory is its application to self-management programs for chronic illness groups. The findings suggest that the more stable general efficacy belief has a role in psychosocial adaptation to chronic illness during the period when illness-specific efficacy beliefs, targeted by self-management programs, are still developing.
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Rapley, Patrica. "Self-efficacy Theory: Relevance of General and Specific Efficacy Beliefs for Psychosocial Adaptation to Chronic Illness Over Time." Curtin University of Technology, School of Nursing and Midwifery, 2001. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12145.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the last decade or more, chronic illness research has consistently found that the lineaer relationship between knowledge and behaviour or between behaviour change and improved health outcomes does not exist. Furthermore, the link between behaviour and health status is not as strong as the link between illness-specific efficacy belier and health status. Strategies to increase confidence in illness-specific behaviours have gradually assumed more importance in improving health outcomes. Strategies to improve behaviour-specific efficacy belief can assist individuals to change their behaviour by influencing behavioural choices, effort and persistence with task man demands. Concomitantly, it has been suggested that there is a positive relationship between efficacy belief and psychosocial functioning. It is unclear as to whether this empirical evidence also applies to chronic illness conditions with a complex self-care regimen. The degree to which a more general level of confidence, or efficacy belief, can also contribute to psychosocial functioning is unknown. The focus of this study was to examine the relative impact of general and illness-specific efficacy expectations on psychosocial adaptation to illness over nine months. The study measured illness-specific efficacy beliefs when it was expected that they were still developing.The illness-specific beliefs were compared to the purportedly more stable general efficacy belief. This longitudinal study employed an exploratory predictive design to measure efficacy beliefs in the natural setting. Data were collected at entry to the study, at three and nine months Participants included adults from three chronic illness groups: Arthritis (n= = ), diabetes type 1 (n = 104) and type 2 (n = 122). The self-report questionnaires used collect the data were three illness-specific efficacy belief measures, general self-efficacy and the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale. The dependent variable of interest was psychosocial adaptation to illness. Multiple regression analysis provided evidence of between-group differences in the positive contribution of general and illness-specific efficacy beliefs to psychosocial adaptation for chronic illness groups with different regimen attributes. The variables best able to predict psychosocial adaptation to illness over time, after being adjusted for perceived level of stress and general self-efficacy (belief in abilities in general), were illness-specific efficacy beliefs. A general efficacy belief contributed to the illness adaptation process initially but its influence reduced as the influence of illness-specific beliefs increased. Repeated measures MANOVA confirmed the stability of general efficacy belief. The contribution of this study to current knowledge of self- -efficacy theory is its application to self-management programs for chronic illness groups. The findings suggest that the more stable general efficacy belief has a role in psychosocial adaptation to chronic illness during the period when illness-specific efficacy beliefs, targeted by self-management programs, are still developing.
36
Grobbelaar, Denise. "Psychosocial rehabilitation for people with mental illness in the South African context : an evaluation from a service-users perspective." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14331.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-93).The aim of this study was to explore perceived significant changes in the quality of life of people with mental illness accessing psychosocial rehabilitation programmes. Furthermore a comparison was drawn between the outcomes experienced by these service-users and the vision and aims of Cape Mental Health Society's programmes. These included the Fountain House clubhouse model, community-based support groups, supported housing and a self-advocacy body. The aim of psychosocial rehabilitation as an empowerment model is that service-users gain improved functioning, an increase in social functioning and an enhancement of their subjective quality of life. Embedded in these programmes is the provision of safe spaces, where meaningful interactions with others in shared activities occur. This contributes to skills development, social competence and the building of a positive sense of self, which is in line with principles of the recovery paradigm. Few such services exist in Cape Town, South Africa and no relevant studies have been documented. A qualitative participatory approach was used utilising focus groups on two levels: first in mapping the territory and defining outcomes according to service-users; and secondly, for data collection of lived experiences of participants. The 'most significant change technique', a process which involves the collection of stories of subjective change, was used to focus the group processes. All groups were digitally recorded and transcribed. Data was examined according to a basic method of thematic analysis and participants' stories were classified according to broad domains of social, personal, learning, work, and living. A total of 44 service- 4 users from the four Cape Mental Health Society programmes, all diagnosed with severe mental illness, from varied demographic backgrounds and levels of functioning participated in nine focus groups. Participants felt that in attending the programmes they had experienced improved interpersonal connection, interaction and activity. This then seems to indicate some process of reclamation and recovery in the face of the loss of meaningful relationships when becoming ill with a mental illness. The positive benefits experienced by participants in the supportive community offered by the programmes, seem to be in line with programme objectives. The findings support the importance of opportunities for participation in valued meaningful activities, within a social context. Participants felt that by attending the programmes they benefitted on a personal level, building a positive sense of self, which included increased confidence and self-esteem, gaining hope, improved positive attitude, self-knowledge and acceptance, increase in motivation, increased vitality, increased motivation, increased awareness and interest in life, and gaining a sense of purpose and meaning. Subjective quality of life improvements for most participants in this study included an improved positive sense of self as well as valued socialization experiences, confirming the importance of these factors in recovery. The Cape Mental Health Society psychosocial rehabilitation programmes are accordingly robust in nature. In line with the philosophy of psychosocial rehabilitation and recovery principles, the programmes seem to be providing safe spaces for people with mental illness, creating opportunities for meaningful interactions with others, 5 thereby enhancing the confidence and self-esteem of participants while, at the same time building social skills.
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Clapton, Wayne Kevin. "The Adelaide respiratory events in early childhood study : maternal psychosocial stress, maternal personality and acute respiratory illness in early chilhood /." Title page, table of contents and thesis abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MPM/09mpmc589.pdf.
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Bisgrove, Lindsey Michalle. "Key Predictors of Well-Being for Individuals with Dementia." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1367345218.
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Wrenéus, Sofia. "Hur medarbetare upplever sin psykiska hälsa i psykosociala arbetsmiljöer." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-43446.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Psykosociala arbetsmiljöer innefattar hur individer upplever psykiska och sociala miljöer inom arbetsplatser, vilket benämns som individers upplevda tillfredställelse eller kvalitet i arbetet. Studiesyftet var att erhålla kunskap om hur psykosociala arbetsmiljöer uppfattas påverka psykisk hälsa hos medarbetare. Åtta individer intervjuades, fyra kvinnor och fyra män med varierande yrken. En tematisk innehållsanalys användes där meningskoncentrering och tematisering utformades. Medarbetarna uppfattade sig påverkas av psykosociala arbetsmiljöer beroende hur arbetsförhållanden yttrades. Psykosociala arbetsmiljöer kan leda till stress, ångest, depressioner, arbetsskador, sjukskrivningar och förtidspension. Fem återkommande teman relaterade till medarbetares psykiska hälsa inom psykosociala arbetsmiljöer identifierades: ledarskap, utvecklingsmöjlighet, påverkningsmöjlighet, god kommunikation och teamwork. Den psykosociala arbetsmiljön blir bättre och gynnar medarbetares psykiska hälsa med närvaro av faktorerna. Deltagarna upplevdes ha psykisk hälsa samt tillfredställelse under arbetspassen av varierande anledningar som, trivsel med arbetsuppgifter, bra relation mellan ledning och kollegor samt bra arbetsförhållanden. Studieändamålet anses viktigt då individer är aktiva i arbeten i hela världen
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Lainé, Agathe. "Vécu subjectif de la maladie de Crohn et facteurs psychosociaux prédictifs de la rechute : vers une approche intégrative." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC035/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La maladie de Crohn touche 100 000 personnes en France. Elle est caractérisée par une inflammation chronique de l’intestin, ainsi que par l’alternance de phases de récidive et de rémission. Devant l’imprévisibilité des rechutes, médecins et patients essaient d’identifier des facteurs qui permettraient de les anticiper et ainsi de mieux les contrôler. Néanmoins, aucune étude n’a encore pu clairement mettre en évidence l’étiologie de la rechute dans la maladie de Crohn. Ce travail de thèse a donc pour ambition de définir les facteurs psychosociaux prédictifs de la rechute. Dans une démarche clinique, nous accordons également une importance au vécu subjectif de la maladie et des rechutes. Les travaux portants sur les expériences subjectives de la maladie chronique montrent que diverses représentations cognitives, sociales et fantasmatiques de la pathologie et du corps malade, sont mises au travail permettant aux patients un meilleur ajustement. Le deuxième objectif de ce travail de thèse vise donc une compréhension des enjeux psychiques du vécu de la maladie de Crohn.La double méthodologie mise en place, quantitative et qualitative, s’inscrit dans une perspective longitudinale, prospective et intégrative. Nous avons ainsi pu recueillir des données portant sur les facteurs psychosociaux à travers des questionnaires administrés auprès de 145 sujets adultes en rémission de la maladie de Crohn. Parallèlement nous avons conduit 33 entretiens de recherche ayant fait l’objet d’une analyse de contenu thématique. Le test projectif du Rorschach a également été utilisé afin de mettre en lumière les retentissements psychiques de la maladie lors de 3 études de cas.Les principaux résultats soulèvent l’implication des stresseurs spécifiques à la maladie chronique, des stratégies de coping centrées sur l’émotion et de la qualité de vie dans l’augmentation du risque de rechute dans la maladie de Crohn. Nous avons également pu mettre en évidence plusieurs phénomènes quant au vécu de la pathologie. La rechute parait marquée par des potentialités traumatiques et psychopathologiques qui signent la véritable entrée du sujet dans la maladie. Son vécu ainsi que le vécu de la maladie donne lieu à des remaniements identitaires profonds médiatisés par de forts éprouvés de honte quant à la spécificité des symptômes et par une fantasmatique propre à la zone corporelle atteinte, faisant écho à des angoisses du féminin. L’acquisition de savoirs profanes, un travail d’élaboration autour de la perte et de la qualité des relations entretenues avec le médecin spécialiste paraissent constituer des facteurs permettant de mieux gérer les stresseurs et de s’approprier la maladie. Notre travail amorce une réflexion sur l’accompagnement thérapeutique devant être fondé une prise en charge globale de la souffrance des patients traduite aussi bien à partir des facteurs psychosociaux que du vécu subjectif des patientsCrohn's disease affects 100,000 people in France. It is characterized by a chronic inflammation of the intestine, as well as alternating phases of recurrence and remission. Given the unpredictability of relapses, doctors and patients try to identify factors that would allow them to be anticipated and thus better controlled. Nevertheless, no study has yet been able to clearly identify the etiology of relapse in Crohn's disease. This thesis work aims to define the psychosocial factors predictive of relapse. In a clinical approach, we also place importance on the subjective experience of illness and relapse. Work on the subjective experiences of chronic disease shows that various cognitive, social and fantasy representations of the pathology and the sick body are put to work allowing patients a better fit. The second objective of this PhD thesis is therefore an understanding of the psychic issues involved in living with Crohn's disease.The dual methodology put in place, quantitative and qualitative, is part of a longitudinal, prospective and integrative perspective. We were able to collect data on psychosocial factors through questionnaires administered to 145 adult subjects in remission of Crohn's disease. At the same time, we conducted 33 research interviews that were the subject of a thematic content analysis. The projective Rorschach test was also used to highlight the psychic repercussions of the disease in 3 case studies.The main findings highlight the involvement of chronic disease-specific stressors, emotion-focused coping strategies, and quality of life in increasing the risk of relapse in Crohn's patients. We have also been able to highlight several phenomena regarding the experience of pathology. The relapse seems marked by traumatic and psychopathological potentialities which sign the real entrance of the subject into the disease. Her experience as well as the experience of the disease gives rise to profound identity re-mediations mediated by strong shame as to the specificity of the symptoms and by a phantasmatic peculiar to the affected body area, echoing anxieties of the feminine. The acquisition of secular knowledge, a work of elaboration around the loss and the quality of the relations maintained with the specialist doctor appear to constitute factors allowing to better manage the stressors and to appropriate the disease. Our study initiates a reflection on the therapeutic accompaniment to be founded a global management of the suffering of the patients translated as well from psychosocial factors as from the subjective experience of the patients
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Green, Frederick W. III. "Common Psychosocial and Spiritual Factors Among Individuals Who Have Healed from Chronic Lyme Disease." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1438186360.
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McKinnon, Loretta Carmen. "The contribution of psychosocial factors to socioeconomic differences in food purchasing." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/60893/1/Loretta_McKinnon_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In developed countries the relationship between socioeconomic position (SEP) and health is unequivocal. Those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged are known to experience higher morbidity and mortality from a range of chronic diet-related conditions compared to those of higher SEP. Socioeconomic inequalities in diet are well established. Compared to their more advantaged counterparts, those of low SEP are consistently found to consume diets less consistent with dietary guidelines (i.e. higher in fat, salt and sugar and lower in fibre, fruit and vegetables). Although the reasons for dietary inequalities remain unclear, understanding how such differences arise is important for the development of strategies to reduce health inequalities.
Both environmental (e.g. proximity of supermarkets, price, and availability of foods) and psychosocial (e.g. taste preference, nutrition knowledge) influences are proposed to account for inequalities in food choices. Although in the United States (US), United Kingdom (UK), and parts of Australia, environmental factors are associated with socioeconomic differences in food choices, these factors do not completely account for the observed inequalities. Internationally, this context has prompted calls for further exploration of the role of psychological and social factors in relation to inequalities in food choices. It is this task that forms the primary goal of this PhD research.
In the small body of research examining the contribution of psychosocial factors to inequalities in food choices, studies have focussed on food cost concerns, nutrition knowledge or health concerns. These factors are generally found to be influential. However, since a range of psychosocial factors are known determinants of food choices in the general population, it is likely that a range of factors also contribute to inequalities in food choices. Identification of additional psychosocial factors of relevance to inequalities in food choices would provide new opportunities for health promotion, including the adaption of existing strategies.
The methodological features of previous research have also hindered the advancement of knowledge in this area and a lack of qualitative studies has resulted in a dearth of descriptive information on this topic.
This PhD investigation extends previous research by assessing a range of psychosocial factors in relation to inequalities in food choices using both quantitative and qualitative techniques. Secondary data analyses were undertaken using data obtained from two Brisbane-based studies, the Brisbane Food Study (N=1003, conducted in 2000), and the Sixty Families Study (N=60, conducted in 1998). Both studies involved main household food purchasers completing an interviewer-administered survey within their own home. Data pertaining to food-purchasing, and psychosocial, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics were collected in each study.
The mutual goals of both the qualitative and quantitative phases of this investigation were to assess socioeconomic differences in food purchasing and to identify psychosocial factors relevant to any observed differences. The quantitative methods then additionally considered whether the associations examined differed according to the socioeconomic indicator used (i.e. income or education). The qualitative analyses made a unique contribution to this project by generating detailed descriptions of socioeconomic differences in psychosocial factors.
Those with lower levels of income and education were found to make food purchasing choices less consistent with dietary guidelines compared to those of high SEP. The psychosocial factors identified as relevant to food-purchasing inequalities were: taste preferences, health concerns, health beliefs, nutrition knowledge, nutrition concerns, weight concerns, nutrition label use, and several other values and beliefs unique to particular socioeconomic groups. Factors more tenuously or inconsistently related to socioeconomic differences in food purchasing were cost concerns, and perceived adequacy of the family diet. Evidence was displayed in both the quantitative and qualitative analyses to suggest that psychosocial factors contribute to inequalities in food purchasing in a collective manner. The quantitative analyses revealed that considerable overlap in the socioeconomic variation in food purchasing was accounted for by key psychosocial factors of importance, including taste preference, nutrition concerns, nutrition knowledge, and health concerns. Consistent with these findings, the qualitative transcripts demonstrated the interplay between such influential psychosocial factors in determining food-purchasing choices.
The qualitative analyses found socioeconomic differences in the prioritisation of psychosocial factors in relation to food choices. This is suggestive of complex cultural factors that distinguish advantaged and disadvantaged groups and result in socioeconomically distinct schemas related to health and food choices. Compared to those of high SEP, those of lower SEP were less likely to indicate that health concerns, nutrition concerns, or food labels influenced food choices, and exhibited lower levels of nutrition knowledge. In the absence of health or nutrition-related concerns, taste preferences tended to dominate the food purchasing choices of those of low SEP. Overall, while cost concerns did not appear to be a main determinant of socioeconomic differences in food purchasing, this factor had a dominant influence on the food choices of some of the most disadvantaged respondents included in this research.
The findings of this study have several implications for health promotion. The integrated operation of psychosocial factors on food purchasing inequalities indicates that multiple psychosocial factors may be appropriate to target in health promotion. It also seems possible that the inter-relatedness of psychosocial factors would allow health promotion targeting a single psychosocial factor to have a flow-on affect in terms of altering other influential psychosocial factors. This research also suggests that current mass marketing approaches to health promotion may not be effective across all socioeconomic groups due to differences in the priorities and main factors of influence in food purchasing decisions across groups.
In addition to the practical recommendations for health promotion, this investigation, through the critique of previous research, and through the substantive study findings, has highlighted important methodological considerations for future research. Of particular note are the recommendations pertaining to the selection of socioeconomic indicators, measurement of relevant constructs, consideration of confounders, and development of an analytical approach.
Addressing inequalities in health has been noted as a main objective by many health authorities and governments internationally. It is envisaged that the substantive and methodological findings of this thesis will make a useful contribution towards this important goal.
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Williams, Samantha. "The unmet psychosocial and supportive care needs of young adults who have a parent with a non-communicable disease." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/297631.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aims: Unmet needs have mainly been investigated with formal and informal adult caregivers and ill individuals within psycho-oncology; findings indicate unmet needs are associated with negative affective state and caregiver burden. Research relating to adolescent children’s experiences of unmet needs during parental illness has, in the main, been based upon parental reports or professional opinion, yet research suggests that parental reports can downplay the effects and it is important to ask the adolescent child for their opinion. Adolescence is a transitional time in development; this may make the illness experience and subsequent needs vary from those of formal and informal adult caregivers. This thesis pragmatically investigates adolescent children’s firsthand accounts of unmet psychosocial and supportive care needs when they have a parent with a non-communicable disease. Methods: Systematic Review: To inform the direction of the thesis and capture all relevant published literature, a comparative systematic review was carried on adolescent’s experiences of unmet needs when they have a parent with a NCD, cancer or psychological problem. The review was conducted using standardized procedures and guidance from the Cochrane collaboration. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Qualitative methodology was used to investigate seven adolescent’s experiences of unmet psychosocial and supportive care needs in relation to having a parent with a NCD. Participants were recruited through institutions of further and higher education. Quantitative Research: Pearson’s correlation and multiple regressions were used to test associations between unmet needs, depression, stress, anxiety and quality of life, and to determine the applicability of the revised version of the Offspring Cancer Needs Inventory (OCNI) for individuals who have a parent with a NCD. One hundred and seven adolescent children completed the revised version of the OCNI, the DASS-21 (depression, anxiety, and stress) and AC-QoL (Adult carers’ quality of life) scales. Findings: Systematic Review: In the review 1479 papers were considered. Seven met the inclusion criteria, of these five papers related to cancer, one to chronic illness and one to psychological problems. Results suggest that adolescents had informational, supportive and recreational needs, and did not want to worry parents by asking them questions. The lack of hits and the disparity between illness groups is problematic in making comparisons and drawing definitive conclusions. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Four interdependent themes emerged from the data, two relating to interpersonal needs (Information Needs and Support Needs), and two relating to intrapersonal needs (Need for 4 Acknowledgement and Need to be Them-Self), each had their own number of sub-themes. Adolescent’s had a variety of needs that could be partially met through honest and accurate information, interpersonal support and acknowledgment of their caring role within the family. The interdependence of the needs indicated that the fulfilment of one need has the potential of meeting other needs. Unmet needs were comparable to those of adolescent children who have a parent with cancer; as such it was deemed that the new version of the OCNI would be suitable for use with individuals who had a parent with a NCD. Quantitative Research: Ninety-Three percent of adolescents reported at least one unmet need. Analysis suggests that the unmet needs variables were co-dependent and correlated with depression, stress, anxiety, and quality of life. Certain unmet need variables predicted stress, anxiety, depression, and quality of life. Conclusion: The findings of this thesis indicate that adolescent children who have a parent with a NCD have a variety of unmet needs, and that these are associated with affective state and well-being. It is suggested that counselling psychologists are well placed to provide psychological and needs based interventions based upon the findings within this thesis. More research is required in this area to determine cause and effect; owing to counselling psychologists working with the lifespan they would be well placed to further the knowledge in this area.
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Welkom, Josie S. "The Impact of Sickle Cell Disease on the Family: An Examination of the Illness Intrusiveness Framework." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_diss/91.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder that affects approximately 1 out of every 600 African-American newborns (NHLBI, 2006). SCD and its associated symptoms can have widespread impact on both the psychological functioning of the individual diagnosed with the illness and their families. The purpose of this study was to apply the illness intrusiveness framework to better understand the relations among vaso-occlusive pain crises (VOC), child age, pediatric health related quality of life (QOL), and parental psychosocial adjustment. Participants included 103 parent-child dyads. Parents completed a background form, the Brief Symptom Inventory-18, and the Illness Intrusiveness Rating Scale. Children completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Results revealed that experiencing a greater frequency of VOC’s was related to decrements in QOL across domains. However, this relation was not mediated by parental perceived illness intrusiveness. Further, results revealed that the effect of frequency of vaso-occlusive pain crises in children with SCD on parental psychosocial maladjustment is mediated by parental illness intrusiveness, which is contingent upon child age.
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Young, Janelle Margaret. "A pilot investigation of the volunteer work participation of mental health consumers." Thesis, Curtin University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1259.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mental illness is often associated with social isolation, unemployment and limited community participation. Mental health rehabilitation services aim to decrease these psychosocial effects of illness and encourage better community integration for mental health consumers. Volunteer work is one avenue in which consumers can become actively involved with their local communities. However whilst often supported clinically, limited empirical evidence exists which supports the use of volunteer work as a potential mode of rehabilitation for consumers. The overall aim of this study was to document consumer perceptions and experiences with volunteer work and to identify if participation in volunteer work has a positive impact on their mental health. Phase one of this study involved in-depth interviews with nine consumers currently volunteering. Themes identified from these interviews supported the notion that volunteer work is a meaningful occupation for consumers and one which promotes community integration and supports consumer recovery. Findings from the interviews also guided the development of a volunteer scale for later use within the study. Phase two involved the development and pilot testing of a volunteering questionnaire which measured consumer attitudes and experiences with volunteer work. This scale was combined with other standardised tests which measured the mental health variables of personal empowerment and quality of life. Phase three involved the administration of the questionnaire battery developed in phase two. The battery was distributed and completed by thirty consumers, including both those who were and were not volunteering. Analysis conducted identified that overall consumers held a positive view of volunteer work, believing it was a way of developing work skills, friendships and promoting positive mental health.Analysis comparing the volunteering to the non volunteering group indicated that those volunteering experienced better quality of life, specifically within the psychological health, social relationships and personal environment domains. This provides support for the hypothesis that participation in volunteer work promotes consumer recovery. However, age was identified as a potential confounding variable and so the significant results should be viewed with caution. Cost, stigma and becoming unwell during volunteering were identified as barriers to consumer participation. It is argued that mental health services are in a good position to support consumers not only to access but also to maintain ongoing volunteer participation. To date minimal evidence has existed that supported this intervention. This study has begun to fill this research void, however, small study numbers and the cross-sectional, descriptive design make establishing a cause and effect relationship impossible. It would thus be beneficial to conduct a larger study investigating the impact further, including measuring the influence of any interventions that promote consumer participation in volunteer work, such as supported volunteering.
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Camara, Heli, and Satu Elina Martorell. "Smittad av HIV : ett liv i berg och dalbana : litteraturstudie." Thesis, Röda Korsets Högskola, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-134.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hiv-infektion är en sjukdom som drabbar människor runt om i världen. Sjukdomen är livslång och påverkar alla aspekter i den Hiv-smittades vardag. Stigmatisering och moraliska attityder mot de Hiv-smittade i samhället är vanligt då sjukdomen vanligen sätts ihop med sexualitet och utsatta grupper i samhället. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva hur de Hiv-smittade upplever sin livssituation. Metoden var en litteraturstudie där tio artiklar med kvalitativt material analyserades. Resultatet sammanställdes i tre kategorier: 1. Psykiska och emotionella aspekter, 2. Det dagliga livet samt 3. Fysisk hälsa och mötet med sjukvården. Resultatet visade att de Hiv-smittade beskrev livet som "en berg-och-dalbana" där Hiv upplevdes som en ostabil tillvaro och en osäkerhet som kunde förändras från dag till dag. Att lära sig att acceptera livet som en Hiv-smittad person var en process där stödet från familjen och samhället spelade en viktig roll.Hiv-infection is a disease which affects people around the world. The disease with it’s lifelong status affects all the aspects in the daily life of the Hiv-infected people. Stigmatization and the moral attitudes against the Hiv-infected in the society are common because the disease is usually connected with sexuality and groups which are living outside of the society. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of the Hiv-infected person’s daily lives. The method used was a qualitative litteraturestudy of which the analysis was put together by ten articles with qualitative material. Three categories emerged from the result: 1. The Psychological and emotional aspects, 2. Daily life and 3. Physical health and contact with the health care. The result showed that the Hiv-infected people experienced their daily life as "a roller coaster" with aspects of unstable subsinstence and uncertainty which could change from day to day. To learn how to accept life as an Hiv-infected person was a process where the support of the family and the society was very important.
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Rall, Edrich. "Antisocial Personality Disorder Comorbidity in Methamphetamine Use Disorder: Sociodemographic, clinical and childhood trauma correlates." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33911.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Personality pathology, especially antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), often occurs in patients with methamphetamine use disorder (MAUD). However, little is known about potential risk factors for this dual diagnosis, and the impact of this comorbidity on both the severity of MAUD and levels of functional impairment. Casting light on such phenomena may aid in early identification of treatment targets, assist in the management of patients in this particular population, and contribute to development of treatment strategies. This crosssectional study described and compared sociodemographic, clinical and childhood trauma correlates in patients with a dual diagnosis of MAUD and ASPD (MAUD+ASPD) and those with MAUD without ASPD (MAUD-ASPD). The contribution of sociodemographic and childhood trauma variables in predicting membership of the MAUD+ASPD group was also investigated. A sample of 62 adult patients with a primary diagnosis of MAUD took part in the study. A sociodemographic questionnaire was completed and well established diagnostic measures of ASPD (The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview; MINI) and MAUD (Structured Clinical Interview; SCID - 5) were used to determine diagnostic status. Illness severity was evaluated with the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive scale (adapted for MAUD) (Y-BOCS-du) and functional impairment was assessed with the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS). Histories of exposure and severity of childhood trauma (CT) were measured using the CTQ-SF. Of the 62 participants, 14 (23%) had MAUD and had MAUD+ASPD whereas 48 (77%) had MAUD without ASPD (MAUD-ASPD). Bivariate analyses found significant group differences in terms of gender (df =1) = 8.05; p =< 0.01), language (df = 2) = 7.12; p = 0.03), and level of physical neglect (F(1, 60) = 2.33; M = 9.85; SD = 4.23; p = 0.04). The MAUD+ASPD group members were mostly male (N = 9; 64%), English-speaking and with histories of increased physical neglect. Logistic regression suggested that male gender (beta = 1.08; OR = 8.65; p = 0.01) and English language (beta = 1.55; OR = 11.38; p = 0.03) significantly predicted ASPD comorbidity. There were no significant differences in clinical severity or functional impairment between the MAUD+ASPD and MAUD-ASPD groups. In conclusion, this study indicated that male gender and having English as a first language are associated with MAUD+ASPD but other sociodemographic variables, CT histories and clinical severity and impairment were not. Men who use MA are thus more prone to antisocial behaviour, which complicates their substance use condition. Treatment approaches for MAUD may benefit from developing adaptations that cater for challenges specific to comorbid ASPD. Additionally, the finding regarding first language warrants further investigation. Recommendations for future research are suggested.
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Longstreth, Morgan E. "Health-Related Quality of Life in Chronically-Ill College Students: Examining Influential Constructs." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1512816408491698.
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Chan, Suet-mui Jessie, and 陳雪梅. "The psychosocial and physiological effects of Qigong exercise in integrative medicine : a study of Chinese patients with chronic fatigue syndrome-like illness." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206424.
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Jacobs, Yuche Andy. "The experiences of facility-based counsellors who provide a psychosocial intervention for mental illness in primary healthcare facilities in the Western Cape." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32498.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Despite the movement in global mental health that advocates for task-sharing, few studies have investigated the experiences of facility-based counsellors (FBCs) who provide a psychosocial intervention for mental illness in primary healthcare. Project MIND, a cluster-randomized controlled trial at 24 primary healthcare facilities in the Western Cape, trained FBCs to deliver a threesession evidence-based intervention for patients with a common mental disorder. Therefore, project MIND presents an opportunity to address a gap in the literature by exploring the experiences and needs of FBCs delivering a psychosocial intervention. Aims & Objectives: The overall aim of this study is to explore the experiences of FBCs working on Project MIND in the dedicated (training and adding a counsellor to the chronic disease team) and designated (training and using existing counsellor from the chronic disease team) intervention arms. Specific objectives included: (1) exploring the barriers and challenges that FBCs experienced while delivering a psychosocial intervention; (2) exploring FBCs' perceptions of regular structured supervision, debriefing and in-service training for improving micro-counselling skills; and (3) eliciting suggestions from the FBCs for future scale up of counselling services in primary healthcare settings. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted among FBCs delivering the project MIND psychosocial intervention (N=18). All interviews were conducted by an independent qualitative interviewer in a private room at the primary healthcare facilities. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. NVivo 12 was used to store data and facilitate analysis using the Framework Approach. Results: Findings of the study were grouped according to four main themes. The first theme focused on FBCs' perceptions of the benefits of the project MIND training. Several perceived benefits were reported such as having a better understanding about mental illness particularly depression, enhanced counselling skills and transferability of skills to other daily duties in the healthcare facility. Role-playing stood out as a key training component to assess counselling readiness. The second theme focused on barriers and facilitators related to the implementation of the project MIND intervention. Designated FBCs reported competing task demands as a barrier to implementing the MIND intervention compared to designated FBCs. Further, most designated counsellors reported feeling marginalized in the facility due to their lowly status. Other barriers reported which impacted on their motivation to implement the MIND intervention by both dedicated and designated FBCs were low remuneration, a lack of counselling space, and a lack of privacy and confidentiality. Regarding facilitators to implementing the MIND intervention, experiencing first-hand how well patients were able to solve some of their problems using the problem-solving method and taking responsibility for their health motivated FBCs to implement the MIND intervention. In addition, the MIND intervention aided FCBs with solving their own problems which enhanced their belief in the effectiveness of the intervention. The third theme dealt with how FBCs perceive the clinical supervision and debriefing provided by project MIND. Regular structured supervision, debriefing and in-service training delivered by a registered psychological counsellor, a novel approach, was perceived as beneficial to all FBCs as it provided them with a means to reassess and improve their counselling skills. Further, role-playing was reported as an effective method for rehearsing their counselling skills and enhancing quality of intervention delivery. Fidelity feedback through audio-recorded counselling sessions was highlighted as feasible. Considerations around space, location (distance), a lack of privacy, and scheduling were mentioned. The fourth and final theme focused on FBCs' recommendations for improving the project MIND training, supervision and debriefing model, and implementation. FBCs recommended that more time should be allocated for role-playing and skills rehearsal exercises during training to test their counselling skills and readiness. There were some suggestions that the amount of training hours per day should be reduced as it might aid FBCs to remain focused and retain information. Regarding supervision, a few FBCs recommended incorporating occasional peer group supervision and debriefing to benefit from shared experienced. Other recommendations were adding content related to substance use to the intervention and including management in training. Conclusion: Regular structured supervision, debriefing and in-service training provided by a Registered Counsellor are both feasible and beneficial for improving micro-counselling skills and the quality of intervention delivery among FBCs delivering a psychosocial intervention. Considerations for scaling up FBC-led psychosocial interventions should involve addressing barriers such as limited counselling space, remuneration, and marginalization.