Дисертації з теми "PRR Signaling"
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Claverie, Justine. "Identification du xyloglucane comme nouvel éliciteur oligosaccharidique stimulant l’immunité de Vitis vinifera et d’Arabidopsis thaliana et caractérisation de deux récepteurs aux chito-oligosaccharides chez la vigne (VvLYK1-1 et VvLYK1-2)." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK076/document.
Повний текст джерелаActivation of the plant immune responses requires recognition of common pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) by their cognate pattern recognition receptors (PRR). Chitin, a major component of fungal cell walls, is a well-known PAMP that triggers defense responses in several mammal and plant species.In the first part of this study, we show that two chitooligosaccharides, chitin and chitosan, act as PAMPs in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) as they elicit immune signaling events, defense gene expression, and resistance against pathogens. These two PAMPs are active in grapevine suggesting that at least one perception system exists. Phylogenetic analysis clearly distinguished three V. vinifera LysM Receptor Kinases (VvLYK1-1, -2, -3) located in the same clade as the Arabidopsis Chitin Elicitor Receptor Kinase 1 (AtCERK1), which mediates chitin-induced immune responses. Their functional characterization was achieved by complementation assays in the Atcerk1 mutant, impaired in chitin perception. Our results provide evidence that VvLYK1-1 and VvLYK1-2, but not VvLYK1-3, functionally complement the loss of AtCERK1 function by restoring chitooligosaccharide-induced MAPK activation and immune gene expression. Moreover, expression of VvLYK1-1 in Atcerk1 restored penetration resistance to the non-adapted grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator).The second part of this study focused on damaged-associated molecular patterns (DAMP), endogenous molecules that can be released from the plant cell wall during an attack and activate the plant innate immunity. Until now, the best characterized DAMPs are oligogalacturonides (OG) coming from pectin fragments that induce innate immune responses in various plant species, including MAPK activation, H2O2 production, defense gene expression and callose deposition. In this study, we showed that purified xyloglucans (Xh), derived from the plant cell wall hemicellulose, elicit MAPK activation and immune gene expression in grapevine (V. vinifera) and Arabidopsis to trigger induced resistance against the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea. Xh also elicit the production of resveratrol, the main grapevine phytoalexin, and callose deposition in Arabidopsis. Using a genetic approach, we identified some signaling components of Xh-induced immunity. The use of Arabidopsis mutants suggests that Xh-induced resistance against B. cinerea is dependent on the camalexin, salicylate, jasmonate and ethylene pathways. Taken together, our data highlight that Xh can be considered as new elicitors of grapevine and Arabidopsis immunity
Czechowski, Tomasz. "Nitrogen signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana." Phd thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975976095.
Повний текст джерелаMcDonald, Sarah E. "Steroid pre-receptor signalling in human endometrium." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24938.
Повний текст джерелаMcKenzie, Maxine. "Akt signalling in the human parasite 'Schistosoma mansoni'." Thesis, Kingston University, 2017. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/41116/.
Повний текст джерелаGroves, Tim C. "Pre-TCR and TCR-Ãß signaling during T cell development." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ27657.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Fang. "The Role of Acinus in Retinoic Acid Signaling Pathway." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/277479.
Повний текст джерелаPh.D.
Retinoic acid receptor (RAR), a member of the steroid/thyroid hormone nuclear receptor superfamily, functions as a RA-dependent transcription activator bound to the RA response element (RARE) within the promoter or enhancer region of target genes. The transcriptional activity of RAR is modulated by a large number of coregulators including coactivators and corepressors. Acinus is a nuclear protein with three isoforms (Acinus-L, Acinus-S and Acinus-S'). Acinus-S' interacts with the A/B domain of RAR and represses RAR-regulated genes expression. Acinus (without isoform definition) has been identified as a component of nuclear speckles, the spliceosome and the exon junction complex (EJC), suggesting its localization in nuclear speckles and involvement in RNA processing. Acinus-S has been shown to localize in nuclear speckles. However, it is unclear whether the other two isoforms also localize in nuclear speckles. In addition, the role of Acinus in regulating pre-mRNA splicing is unclear. The goal of these studies was to examine the nuclear localization of Acinus-L and Acinus-S' and to determine the role of Acinus isoforms in RAR-dependent splicing. The sub-nuclear localization of Acinus-L and Acinus-S' was determined using fluorescence microscopy. Acinus-S' colocalizes with SC35 in nuclear speckles while Acinus-L localizes diffusely throughout the nucleoplasm. RA treatment has little effect on the sub-nuclear localization of Acinus-L and Acinus-S'. The domains/regions necessary for the distinct sub-nuclear localization of Acinus-L and Acinus-S' were identified. The speckled sub-nuclear localization of Acinus-S' is dependent on its C-terminal RS- and RD/E-rich region but is independent of the phosphorylation status of Ser-453 and Ser-604 within this region. The unique N-terminal SAP-motif of Acinus-L is responsible for its diffuse localization in the nucleus. Moreover, the sub-nuclear localization of Acinus isoforms is affected by each other, which is determined by the combinatorial effect of the more potent SAP motif of Acinus-L and the C-terminal RS- and RD/E-rich region in all Acinus isoforms. The C-terminal RS- and RD/E-rich region of Acinus mediates the colocalization of Acinus isoforms as well as with its interacting protein RNPS1. The role of Acinus isoforms in regulating pre-mRNA splicing was explored using in vivo splicing assays. Both Acinus-L and Acinus-S', with the activity of Acinus-L higher than that of Acinus-S', increase the splicing of a RA-responsive minigene containing a weak 5' splice site but not a RA-responsive minigene containing a strong 5' splice site. RA treatment further enhances the splicing activity of Acinus in a dose- and time-dependent manner, suggesting a RA-dependent activity in addition to a RA-independent activity of Acinus. The RA-independent effect of Acinus on the splicing of pre-mRNAs containing the weak 5' splice site occurs to varying degrees using minigene constructs containing several different promoters while the RA-dependent splicing activity of Acinus is specific for transcripts derived from the minigene driven by the RARE-containing promoter. This suggests that the ligand-dependent splicing activity of Acinus is related to the RA-activated RAR bound to the RARE. The ligand-dependent splicing activity of Acinus was further shown to be promoter-specific, depending on the ligand-dependent transcription activator. The RRM domain was identified to be necessary for the RA-dependent splicing activity of Acinus. The RA-independent splicing activity of Acinus is repressed by RNPS1. Unexpectedly, the C-terminal RS- and RD/E rich region is dispensable for the splicing activity of Acinus in regulating the minigene containing a weak 5' splice site. Importantly, measurement of the splicing of endogenous human RARâ and Bcl-x in vivo demonstrates that Acinus stimulates the use of the weaker alternative 5' splice site of these two genes in a RA-dependent manner for RARâ and in a RA-independent manner for Bcl-x. Taken together, these studies demonstrate the distinct sub-nuclear localization of Acinus-L and Acinus-S', and identified the domains that are responsible for their sub-nuclear localization, which shed light on possible distinct functions between Acinus isoforms. In addition, both Acinus-L and Acinus-S' have been shown to be splicing cofactors (with the activity of Acinus-L higher than that of Acinus-S') that facilitate constitutive splicing of pre-mRNAs containing a weak 5' splice site and regulate alternative splicing in favor of the isoform generated from the weaker alternative 5' splice site. Both Acinus-L and Acinus-S' have a RA-dependent splicing activity specific for RA-responsive genes, which suggests that Acinus functions in RAR-dependent splicing.
Temple University--Theses
Bhangu, P. S. "Vesicular 'pre-synaptic' glutamatergic signalling mechanisms in bone." Thesis, University of York, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288814.
Повний текст джерелаKrjukova, Jelena. "Investigation on Pre- and Postsynaptic Ca2+ Signaling in Neuronal Model Systems." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för neurovetenskap, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4300.
Повний текст джерелаSimón, Moya Miguel. "Unveiling the role of Phytochrome Interacting Factor 1 (PIF1) homologs in tomato." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670860.
Повний текст джерелаLa luz es una de las señales ambientales más importantes que influyen en el ciclo de vida de la planta. Las plantas han desarrollado un conjunto de complejos mecanismos moleculares que detectan cambios en la calidad y cantidad de la luz. Los PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs) son factores de transcripción que interactúan con los fotorreceptores fitocromos (phy) y median las respuestas a luz roja/roja lejana. Los PIF están involucrados en la regulación de una amplia gama de procesos del desarrollo. Se han estudiado ampliamente en Arabidopsis thaliana, pero se sabe muy poco sobre su papel en otras especies. En esta tesis, investigamos el papel de los dos homólogos de PIF1 presentes en tomate (Solanum lycopersicum): PIF1a y PIF1b. El análisis de la expresión de PIF1a y PIF1b mostró patrones muy diferentes, lo que indica una posible divergencia evolutiva en sus roles. Los experimentos de estabilidad de las correspondientes proteínas en luz roja y roja lejana revelaron que PIF1b ha perdido su capacidad de interactuar con PhyB, mientras que PIF1a todavía puede hacerlo, confirmando la hipótesis de divergencia evolutiva. Por otro lado, la edición del genoma de plantas de tomate por CRISPR-Cas9 generó líneas de pérdida de función pif1a y pif1b, así como mutantes dobles pif1a pif1b. La caracterización fenotípica de estos mutantes mostró que ambos factores de transcripción están involucrados en la regulación de la germinación de las semillas, la síntesis de pigmentos en las hojas durante la des-etiolación y la producción de frutos. Otros procesos están regulados solo por PIF1a, como el alargamiento de pelos radiculares, la síntesis de glicoalcaloides esteroideos en hojas, el tiempo de floración y el crecimiento y ablandamiento del fruto. No identificamos ningún proceso que esté regulado específicamente por PIF1b. Debido al papel central de PIF1a, decidimos realizar experimentos de RNA-seq en líneas inducibles. Los resultados mostraron que la inducción de PIF1a tiene un impacto relativamente menor en el perfil transcriptómico, y que los posibles genes diana de PIF1a en tomate son distintos a los identificados previamente en Arabidopsis. Todos estos datos en conjunto sugieren que PIF1a y, en mucho menor grado, PIF1b comparten algunas funciones con su homólogo PIF1 de Arabidopsis, pero también ilustran que se han producido eventos de neofuncionalización en tomate. Al hacer esto, la evolución ha podido utilizar el potencial de estos factores de transcripción para regular nuevos procesos específicos en este cultivo de interés agronómico.
Light is one of the most important environmental cues influencing the plant life cycle. Plants have developed a set of complex molecular mechanisms that sense changes in light quality and quantity. PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs) are transcription factors that interact with the photoreceptors phytochromes (phy) and mediate the responses to red/far-red light. PIFs are involved in the regulation of a broad range of developmental processes. They have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, but very little is known about their roles in other species. In this thesis, we investigate the role of the two homologs of PIF1 found in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum): PIF1a and PIF1b. The analysis of PIF1a and PIF1b expression showed very different patterns, indicating a potential evolutionary divergence in their roles. Protein stability experiments in red and far-red light unveiled that PIF1b has lost its ability to interact with PhyB, while PIF1a is still able to do it, confirming the evolutionary divergence hypothesis. On the other hand, tomato genome editing by CRISPR-Cas9 generated pif1a and pif1b loss-of-function lines, as well as double mutants pif1a pif1b. The phenotypic characterization of these mutants showed that both transcription factors are involved in the regulation of seed germination, synthesis of leaf pigments during de-etiolation and fruit production. Other processes are regulated just by PIF1a, such as root hair elongation, synthesis of steroidal glycoalkaloids in leaves, flowering time and fruit growth and softening. We did not identify any process regulated specifically by PIF1b alone. Due to the central role of PIF1a, we decided to perform RNA-seq experiments in PIF1a-inducible lines. The results showed that the induction of PIF1a had a relatively minor impact in the transcriptomic profile, and that the putative gene targets of PIF1a in tomato were different from those previously identified in Arabidopsis. All this data together suggests that PIF1a and, to a much lower extent, PIF1b share some roles with Arabidopsis PIF1, but also illustrate that neofunctionalization has taken place in tomato. Doing this, evolution managed to use the potential of these transcription factors to regulate new specific processes in this crop of agronomic interest.
Macfarlane, Scott Robert. "Proteinase-activated receptor-2 mediated signalling in a human keratinocyte cell line." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366849.
Повний текст джерелаThomas, Mélissa. "Etude de la voie non-apoptotique de CD95 et de l’implication du facteur d’initiation de la traduction eIF4A1." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B048.
Повний текст джерелаSince its discovery in 1991, the involvement of the CD95 receptor in the induction of apoptosis has been more than widely described. But although identified as a death receptor, CD95 is also capable of inducing a pro-oncogenic signal when attached to the cleaved CD95L. Activation of this non-apoptotic signaling pathway by s-CD95L contributes to the inflammatory process in lupus and metastatic spread in triple negative breast cancers. However, no satisfactory therapeutic treatment is currently available. By its implication in cancerous and inflammatory pathologies, better understanding the mechanisms at the origin of the double signaling of CD95 is no longer an issue but a necessity. In order to develop molecules to block the non-apoptotic CD95 signaling, it is essential to identify all the protagonists and define their biological function. Our team conducted two proteomic studies, the results of which identified eIF4A1 as a new direct partner of CD95. We show that eIF4A1 is essential for the implementation of PI3K pathway-dependent CD95 signaling. In addition eIF4A1 is recruited to the membrane as well as the other eIF4F complex proteins. Our sequencing data showed that by this interaction, CD95 recruits a set of mRNAs involved in the immune response and cell adhesion. In addition, a loss of CD95 in some cancer cells leads to the loss of expression of these mRNAs. Thus CD95 could protect certain mRNA from degradation and promote the translation of pro-inflammatory mRNAs independently of the ligand. Specific targeting of this interaction could be a promising therapeutic avenue in the fight against triple negative breast cancers but also against lupus
Bragdon, Beth Christie. "Membrane Regulation of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Signaling in Pre-Osteoblastic Cells." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2011. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/BragdonB2011.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRanganathan, Padhma. "Reciprocal regulation of Par-4 and caspase-8 in theTRAIL signaling pathway." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/961.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from document title page (viewed on January 29, 2009). Document formatted into pages; contains: x, 118 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 104-116).
Hicks, Mellissa. "Signaling Networks as Possible Therapeutic Implications in Breast Cancer." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1405945861.
Повний текст джерелаLeonardi, Anthony Joseph. "Cell to cell signaling via AKT causes T cell differentiation and collapse of tumour stroma." Thesis, Kingston University, 2018. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/41981/.
Повний текст джерелаRanganathan, Padhma. "RECIPROCAL REGULATION OF PAR-4 AND CASPASE-8 IN THE TRAIL SIGNALING PATHWAY." UKnowledge, 2008. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/670.
Повний текст джерелаPayne, Laura Beth. "Differential Impact of VEGF and FGF2 Signaling Mechanisms on Flt1 Pre-mRNA Splicing." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81133.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Benamar, Mehdi. "Modulation de la plasticité et des fonctions suppressives des lymphocytes T régulateurs par les molécules de signalisation Themis1 et Vav1." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30249.
Повний текст джерелаRegulatory T cells (Treg) are of paramount importance for restraining excessive immune responses and their manipulation holds enormous therapeutic potential. Our recent results using a congenic rat model suggested that the integrity of Vav1/Themis1 T-cell receptor signaling hub plays a crucial role in Treg suppressive function. Indeed, Themis1 deficiency in BN, but not in LEW rats, led to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), linked to a defect in Treg suppressive function. Genetic studies revealed that this phenotype depended on a 117 Kb genomic locus, containing the R63W polymorphism on Vav1 that impacted its expression and functions. To test the importance of the Vav1/Themis1 TCR signaling hub in Treg function, we generated Themis1-T-/- mice expressing conditionally Themis1 in thymocytes, but not in peripheral T cells. In contrast to regular germline Themis1 knockout mice, these mice were not lymphopenic and exhibited normal proportions of CD4+ T cells in the thymus and in peripheral lymphoid organs. Next, Themis1-T-/- mice were crossed with Vav1R63W mice to assess the impact of these combined mutations on Treg suppressive functions. Using in vitro approaches, together with in vivo analyses of IBD, we showed that suppressive activity of Treg was impaired in Themis1-deficient mice harboring the mutated Vav1; this defect is linked to higher production of IL-17 and IFNg. Functional studies showed that Themis1-deficient associated with the mutated Vav1 induced a defect in Erk and P65 phosphorylation after TCR engagement. Interestingly, the inhibition of the SHP-1 phosphatase restore the functional defect of Tregs. Together, these data showed that Themis1, Vav1 and SHP-1 cooperate in the signaling hub to regulate the suppressive function of regulatory T cells. Thus, this signaling hub represents a therapeutic target to enhance the suppressive functions of Tregs in the context of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases or to decrease their functions to favor anti-tumoral immune responses
Salari, Samira. "Mechanisms of Recombinant Heat Shock Protein 27 Atheroprotection: NF-κB Signaling in Macrophages". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20725.
Повний текст джерелаRuez, Richard. "Mécanotransduction par les cavéoles : rôle dans l'activation de stat3 par l'interferon alpha." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112232.
Повний текст джерелаHypothesis: Our team studies the poorly investigated role of membrane trafficking in the control of the activation of the JAK / STAT signaling pathway by interferons (IFN), a key mechanism in the control of tumorigenesis. The binding of the IFN-a to its receptor IFNAR activates the kinases JAK1 and TYK2 and then, signal transducers and activators of transcription including the antiproliferative STAT1 or the oncogenic STAT3. The laboratory demonstrated recently that the trafficking of IFNAR at the plasma membrane determines the signal specificity of the various IFNs.The goal of this thesis was to study the role of caveolae in this control. Caveolae are specialized membrane invaginations enriched in cholesterol and glycosphingolipids, formed by the oligomerization of their main structural protein, caveolin-1 (Cav1). Caveolae or the CAV1 gene have often been associated with tumorigenesis, in particular in mammary cancer cells, but this role remains enigmatic and controversial. The fact that IFNAR was previously found in Cav1-positive lipid microdomains and the fact that the expression of the CAV1 gene had been functionally linked to the antitumoral function of IFN-a led us to investigate the role of caveolae in the antitumoral function of the IFNs.Results: The putative role of caveolae in the control of the JAK / STAT signaling pathway have been studied in murine lung endothelial MLEC cells that do not express Cav1 and in a human lineage by RNA interference against Cav1. We were able to demonstrate that the presence of Cav1 regulates in an opposite manner two stages of the signaling pathway of STAT3 activated by the IFN-a whereas the activation of STAT1 by IFN-a, or STAT3 by the other type I and II IFNs do not require Cav1.At the same time, the laboratory showed that caveolae play a major role in the cellular answer to mechanical stress by flattening during a membrane stretching, thus buffering the membrane tension. We show that mechanical stress by uniaxial cell stretching modulates specifically the signaling pathway of STAT3 activated by the IFN-a in a Cav1-dependant manner in MLEC cells. This result suggests for the first time a role of STAT3 and of IFN-a in caveolae-driven mechanotransduction. This result also allows us to link the mechanical constraints found in the tumoral mass to their effect on tumorigenesis.Prospects:The IFNs and the JAK / STAT signaling pathway protect the cells from tumorigenesis, but although IFN-a is used in oncology, the mechanisms of its antitumoral effect are poorly known. Our results involve for the first time caveolae in the selective activation of the proto-oncogenic STAT3 by the IFN-a and allow us to propose STAT3 and the IFN-a as new actors of the mechanotransduction by caveolae. Clarifying the molecular mechanisms involved in these two new functions of caveolae should allow us to identify new therapeutic targets in tumorigenesis
Yoo, Ji Seung. "INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE ROLES OF PKR-INDUCED ANTIVIRAL STRESS GRANULE AND DHX36 IN RIG-I SIGNALING." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/189378.
Повний текст джерелаKrjukova, Jelena. "Investigation on Pre- and Postsynaptic Ca2+ Signaling in Neuronal Model Systems." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4300.
Повний текст джерелаSu, Ting-Cheng. "Regulation of pheromone response in saccharomyces by Ste12-PRE interaction and TOR-Cdc55 signaling." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43645.
Повний текст джерелаDevignes, Claire-Sophie. "Hypoxia signaling in osteoblast lineage cells promotes Systemic breast cancer growth and metastasis." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC325.
Повний текст джерелаBone metastasis involves dynamic interplay between tumor cells and thelocal stromal environment. In bones, local hypoxia and activation of the hypoxiainducible factor (HIF)-1alpha in osteoblasts are essential to maintain skeletalhomeostasis. However, the role of osteoblast-specific HIF signaling in cancermetastasis is unknown. Here we show that osteoprogenitor cells (OPC) are locatedin hypoxic niches in the bone marrow, and that activation of HIF signaling in thesecells increases bone mass and favors breast cancer metastasis to bone locally.Remarkably, HIF signaling in osteoblast lineage cells also promotes breast cancergrowth and dissemination remotely, in the lungs and in other tissues distant frombones. Mechanistically, we found that activation of HIF signaling in OPC increasesblood levels of the chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 12 (CXCL12), which leads to asystemic increase of breast cancer cell proliferation and dissemination, throughdirect activation of the CXCR4 receptor. Hence, our data reveal a previouslyunrecognized role of the hypoxic osteogenic niche in promoting tumorigenesisbeyond the local bone microenvironment. They also indicate that alterations inbone formation can affect breast cancer progression, and support the concept thatthe skeleton is an important regulator of the systemic tumor environment
Minh, Vu Nhat. "Optimal Signaling Schemes and Capacities of Non-Coherent Correlated MISO Channels under Per-Antenna Power Constraints." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1533115867950851.
Повний текст джерелаBrown, Joanne Louise. "The role of the dsRNA dependent protein kinase (PKR) in cell signalling." Thesis, St George's, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391775.
Повний текст джерелаSassonia, Rogerio Corte. "Caracterização termodinamica de reações de nitrosação e interações proteicas por titulação calorimetrica isotermica." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/248521.
Повний текст джерелаTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta os resultados da aplicação da titulação calorimétrica isotérmica na caracterização termodinâmica de reações de S-nitrosação de tióis e de interações proteínaproteína e proteína-íon. Foram estudadas as reações de S-nitrosação da N-acetil-L-cisteína (NAC), L-cisteína (CYS), L-glutationa (GLU) e do ácido mercaptosuccínico. Também foram avaliadas as interações entre a proteína sinalizadora Shc (Src homology collagen-like) e as proteínas glutationa S-transferase (GST) e a ciclofilina A (CypA) e a interação entre a região Cterminal da proteína humana EFHC1 (EFHC1-C) com íons Ca e Mg. Os valores da variação de entalpia revelaram que a S-nitrosação é um fenômeno exotérmico e ocorre com diminuição de entropia. Estes dados termodinâmicos revelam que as reações de S-nitrosação investigadas são entalpicamente dirigidas a 25 °C (1 atm) e possuem valores semelhantes de variações de entalpia, entropia e energia livre, apesar das diferenças entre as estruturas químicas dos tióis. Verificou-se que a proteína EFHC1C liga-se tanto a íons Ca quanto Mg numa estequiometria de 1:1, com afinidades definidas por diferentes contribuições entálpicas e entrópicas. Este dado confirmou a existência de um suposto domínio EF-hand ligante de Ca na porção C-terminal previsto pela seqüência primária da EFHC1C. Por outro lado, a EFHC1C perde sua capacidade de interação com íons Ca e Mg em solução sem 1,4-ditiotreitol (DTT), provavelmente, devido à formação de dímeros. A ausência de sinais térmicos de ITC mostrou que nem a proteína GST, nem a proteína CypA interagem com a proteína Shc nas condições experimentais usadas.
Abstract: This work presents the results of isothermal titration calorimetry application in the thermodynamic characterization of thiol nitrosation reactions, protein-protein and protein-ion interactions. The S-nitrosation reactions of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), L-cysteine (CYS), Lglutathione (GLU) and acid mercaptosuccinic were studied. The interactions of the signaling protein Shc (Src homology collagen-like) with glutathione S-transferase (GST) and ciclofilina A (CypA) and of the EF-hand motif from human EFHC1C with Caand Mg ions were also evaluated. Enthalpy change values revealed that the S-nitrosation reaction is an exothermic phenomenum associated to a decrease in entropy. These thermodynamic data show that the S-nitrosation reactions investigated are enthalpically driven at 25 °C (1 atm) and have similar enthalpic, entropic and free energy change values, despite the differences among the chemical structures of the thiols. It was verified that the EFHC1C protein binds to both Ca and Mg ions in a 1:1 stoichiometry with affinities defined by different enthalpic and entropic contributions. These data confirmed the presence of a putative EF-hand Ca-binding motif at the C-terminal portion as expected by the primary sequence of EFHC1C. On the other hand, EFHC1C losses its ability to interact with Ca and Mgions in solution without 1,4-ditiotreitol (DTT) likely due to protein dimerization. The absence of ITC thermal signals showed that neither GST nor CypA interact with the Shc protein in the experimental conditions used.
Doutorado
Físico-Química
Doutor em Ciências
Cheng, Jin [Verfasser]. "Precise somatotopic thalamocortical axon guidance depends on LPA-mediated PRG-2/Radixin signaling / Jin Cheng." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1124104542/34.
Повний текст джерелаMariotti, J. "MODULAZIONE DEL SIGNALING DI STAT PER PREVENIRE IL RIGETTO DEL TRAPIANTO DI MIDOLLO OSSEO ALLOGENICO." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/217168.
Повний текст джерелаBranco, Diana Santos 1983. "Sinalização por carboidratos em cana-de-açucar e divergencia evolutiva." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/317165.
Повний текст джерелаDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo:Além de fonte primária de carbono e energia para os principais tipos celulares, os açúcares produzidos pela fotossíntese adquiriram importantes funções ao longo da evolução das plantas, no controle do crescimento e desenvolvimento, do metabolismo e na resistência a estresses abióticos (osmótico, energético) e bióticos (potógenos). Os açúcares atuam como sinalizadores ativando cascatas de transdução e, desta forma, promovendo mudanças na programação da expressão gênica. Com o objetivo de entendermos como a sinalização por açúcares diversificou-se em angiospermas, iniciamos uma análise comparativa dos perfis de expressão gênica em resposta aos açúcares sacarose e glicose em plântulas da monocotiledônea Saccharum spp e da eudicotiledônea Arabidopsis thaliana. Para tanto, duas abordagens foram utilizadas. O primeiro aspecto do trabalho estabeleceu relações entre elementos de resposta rápida (resposta primária) a açúcar e acúmulo de sacarose em genótipos de cana contrastantes para teor de sacarose. Outra abordagem, mais abrangente, procurou identificar genes diferencialmente expressos em resposta à sacarose. Na primeira parte do trabalho, a análises por qRT-PCR revelaram uma clara relação entre genes envolvidos em acúmulo de sacarose em cana-de-açúcar e sinalização primária por carboidratos. A partir de 34 SAS (Sugarcane Assembled Sequence) testados envolvidos em acúmulo de sacarose em cana, 24 deles também foram responsivos à glicose e/ou sacarose, sendo que 9 deles responderam em um mesmo sentido em genótipos de cana-de-açúcar que acumulam maior quantidade de sacarose (alto Brix). Dos 24 SAS responsivos à sacarose e/ou glicose, apenas 6 deles apresentaram genes ortólogos em Arabidopsis thaliana cuja regulação por estes açúcares ocorreu de maneira similar. Dentre eles, temos o fator de transcrição IAA16, que se mostrou reprimido por sacarose e glicose, constituindo um possível gene de interação entre sinalização por açúcares e auxina. Duas SNFs quinases parálogas de cana-de-açúcar tem como ortólogo um único gene de Arabidopsis thaliana. Os três genes foram reprimidos por sacarose e glicose, sendo outra parte conservada, na via de sinalização a açúcares entre as duas espécies. Outro gene de particular interesse corresponde a uma deidrina, reprimida por sacarose e glicose em cana, assim como seu ortólogo em Arabidopsis e genótipos alto Brix, sugerindo importante papel deste gene em processos relacionados a sinalização/acúmulo de sacarose. Na segunda parte do trabalho, utilizando-se a técnica de microarranjos de cDNA a partir do chip SUCAST, encontramos 55 genes diferencialmente expressos em resposta à sacarose. Destes, apenas 3 apresentaram genes ortólogos de Arabidopsis regulados por açúcar num mesmo sentido que em cana, correspondentes a duas proteínas quinases e a um gene pseudo-response-regulator. Este estudo preliminar identificou genes conservados da sinalização por açúcares em angiospermas que representam possíveis nós importantes das redes de controle relacionadas a carboidratos. O estabelecimento de um possível envolvimento de alguns destes genes no controle da capacidade de acumular mais sacarose no colmo da cana, abriu novas perspectivas na análise molecular desta importante característica. Estudos mais abrangentes são necessários para melhorar os conhecimentos sobre o grau de diversificação da sinalização por açúcares em angiospermas e os valores adaptativos associados.
Abstract: Besides act as carbon primary source in the major types of cells, sugars produced by photosynthesis acquired important functions in the course of plant's evolution like controlling growth, development, and metabolism and acting in resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses like osmotic, energetic and response to pathogens. Sugars can be signals that active signal transduction pathways to change genes expression programs. In order to access the diversification of sugar pathway signaling in angiosperms we conduct comparative analysis of the gene expression in response to sucrose and glucose in seedlings of the monocot Saccharum sp. and the eudicot Arabidopsis thaliana. We also aimed to access the possible correlation between genes related to sucrose storage in sugar-cane and genes related to primary sugar responses. Another aim was to identify deferentially expressed genes in sucrose response. A clearly relation between genes related to sucrose storage in sugar-cane and quickly primary response to sugars was obtained by qRT-PCR analysis. We tested 34 SAS (Sugar Assembled Sequence) related to sucrose storage in sugar-cane and we found that 24 of them were responsive to glucose and/or sucrose. Nine genes showed the same expression pattern (induction or repression) in response to sugar as seen in high Brix genotypes. Six, of this 24 genes, have Arabidopsis orthologues regulated in the same direction (induced or repressed). One is an IAA16 transcription factor that is repressed by both, glucose and sucrose, and may play a role in an integrative pathway of sugar and auxin responses. We also find two SNFs kinases (paralogues) related to a single Arabidopsis ortholog showing the repression response. Another interesting gene is a dehydrin that was repressed in response to sucrose and glucose in sugar-cane and Arabidopsis (its ortholog) and in the high Brix sugar-cane genotypes. It suggests an important role for this dehydrin in processes related to sucrose signaling and storage. In the second part of this work, the sugar-cane cDNA microarray chip, called SUCAST, allow us to identify 55 deferentially expressed in response to sucrose. Only three of these genes have orthologues regulated in same way in sugar-cane and Arabidopsis. These genes correspond to two protein-kinase and a pseudo-response regulator. This preliminary approach leads us to identify conserved genes in sugar signaling among angiosperms that possibly represents important nodes in the regulatory networks in response to sugars. Establishing the involvement of some of these genes in the ability of sucrose storage in sugar-cane's culm will lead us to new perspectives in the molecular basis of this characteristic. More specific works are also needed to improve the knowledge about the real degree of evolutive diversification in sugar signaling among angiosperms and associated genetic fitness.
Mestrado
Genetica Vegetal e Melhoramento
Mestre em Genética e Biologia Molecular
St-Pierre, David. "Mécanismes de signalisation d’AT1R médiés par des analogues cycliques de l’angiotensine II." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11091.
Повний текст джерелаAbstract: Angiotensin II (Ang II) has an important role in the regulation of the cardiovascular system by its ability to activate several signaling pathways. The activation of these pathways occurs via the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R). This receptor belongs to the family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Moreover, it is now known that certain ligands can bind to the receptor and induce a conformation that allow the activation of certain signaling pathways while not promoting the activation of other pathways. This concept is known as functional selectivity or biased signaling. With this approach, it is possible to target the signaling pathways that produce the desired therapeutic effects rather than activating the pathways responsible for adverse effects. We hypothesized that cyclizing ligands would restrict possible conformations when coupled with AT1R and induce biased agonism. Thus, cyclic AngII analogs substituted at positions 3 and 5 by cysteines and homocysteines were synthesized: [Sar1Hcy3,5]AngII, [Sar1Cys3Hcy5]AngII and [Sar1Cys3,5]AngII. First, the ability of these cyclic analogs to activate the Gq pathway was measured by the inositol phosphates production. Then, the G12 pathway activation, β-arrestin (1 and 2) recruitment and the ability of these analogs to activate the ERK1/2 pathway was evaluated. Our work has shown that [Sar1Hcy3,5]AngII has maximum potency and efficacy on all of the evaluated pathways, except for the Gq pathway. Molecular dynamic simulations were used to understand how a distinct ligand conformation influences the AT1R structure and the activation of signaling pathways. These studies have shown that the energy barrier associated with the insertion of the Phe8residue of AngII within the hydrophobic core of AT1R is increased with [Sar1Hcy3,5]AngII, possibly explaining why this analog is less potent in activating the Gq pathway. Other analogues cyclized at positions 3 and 5 of AngII were synthesized; [Sar1Hcy3Ile4Hcy5]AngII, [Sar1Hcy3,5Ile8]AngII and [Sar1Hcy3Cys5]AngII. Their ability to activate Gq, ERK1/2 and recruitment of β-arrestins (1 and 2) was evaluated. The analog [Sar1Hcy3Cys5]AngII appeared to activate the ERK1/2 pathway but not the G12 and β-arrestin pathways. These results suggest that constraining the movements of molecular determinants of a ligand by introducing cyclic structures can lead to a signaling bias by stabilizing different structures of the receptor.
Kupittayanant, Sajeera. "The role of calcium and signalling pathways in the control and modulation of uterine contraction : with emphasis on human myometrium." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269569.
Повний текст джерелаFarabaugh, Kenneth Thomas kt. "Insights into a Novel Signaling Pathway that Determines Cell Fate in Response to Hyperosmotic Stress." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1571692276973131.
Повний текст джерелаSchwob, Aurélien. "Rôle des récepteurs de l'autophagie sélective dans la modulation de la signalisation NF- κB par l'oncoprotéine Tax du virus HTLV-1". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN027/document.
Повний текст джерелаNF-κB constitutive activation is a key step in the HTLV-1-mediated T lymphocytes transformation process. This activation is mainly driven by the viral protein Tax, which recruits the IKKγ regulator factor. Previous work performed in our lab showed that Tax-induced NF-κB activation is promoted by the interaction with several cellular factors such as Optineurin (OPTN) and Tax1-binding protein 1 (TAX1BP1), two members of the Sequestosome-Like Receptors (SLR) family, rising the hypothesis of functional interplay vetween NFκB signaling and the autophagic pathway.Our study demonstrates that Tax interacts with the p62 receptor, which is another SLR member, in a direct, ubiquitin independent manner. Tax and p62 form complexes located at autophagic membranes, together with IKKγ. P62 potentiates the Tax-mediated NF-κB activation. Unexpectedly, p62 over-expression inhibits Tax-mediated NF-κB activation by inducing Tax cytoplasmic depletion. These results show that p62 plays a dual role on Tax in a dose-dependent manner. Preliminary data suggest that Tax is also able to interact with other SLR, with various consequences on activation of the NF-κB pathway.This work contributes to the further caracterization of the complex interplay between Tax, NF-κB signaling and the autophagic pathway, suggesting the use of autophagic membranes as viral signaling platforms
Ortet, Cortada Laura. "Signalling of ciclyn o complexes through EIF2alpha phosphorylation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7259.
Повний текст джерелаHemos identificado una nueva Ciclina, llamada Ciclina O, que es capaz de unirse y activar Cdk2 en respuesta a estímulos apoptóticos intrínsecos. Nos hemos centrado en el estudio de la Ciclina Oα y la Ciclina Oβ, productos de splicing alternativo del gen. En respuesta a diferentes tipos de estrés, la Ciclina Oα se acumula en agregaciones citoplásmicas densas que podrían corresponder a Gránulos de Estrés (SGs). Además, hemos visto que la Ciclina Oβ y un mutante puntual de la parte N-terminal de la proteína se localizan constitutivamente en los SGs. Aunque las dos isoformas alfa y beta son proapoptóticas, solo la Ciclina Oα es capaz de unirse y activar Cdk2. Por otro lado, hemos demostrado que los niveles de Ciclina O se incrementan en respuesta al estrés de Retículo Endoplásmico (RE) y que esta proteína es necesaria para la inducción de apoptosis dependiente de estrés de RE. La Ciclina O activa específicamente la vía de PERK e interacciona con la proteína inhibidora de PERK p58IPK. Además, la Ciclina O participa en la activación de otras quinasas de eIF2α. La Ciclina O se localiza en mitocondrias activas, lo que sugiere una función de la proteína ligada al metabolismo oxidativo.
Thakuri, Bal Krishna Chand. "SIP-428, a SIR2 Deacetylase Enzyme and Its Role in Biotic Stress Signaling Pathway." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3505.
Повний текст джерелаPorchet, Nicolas. "Role of signaling pathays in cell-fate specification in the early mouse embryo." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7096.
Повний текст джерелаDuring the early mouse embryogenesis, cell-fate specification events result in the formation of the pre-implantation blastocyst. Those events are mainly regulated by the action of signaling cascades activated upon fixation of the signaling molecules at the cell membrane. The activity of these signaling pathways allow the transcriptional regulation of a specific pool of genes responsible for cell-fate decisions and the formation of tissues. Here, I am interested in the roles of both ACTIVIN/NODAL and βCATENIN signaling pathways in the specification of cell identities during the maturation of the mouse blastocyst
Naik, Shambhavi. "Characterisation of TRAIL receptor signalling to apoptosis in pre-clinical models of breast cancer." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/9913.
Повний текст джерелаSantos, Geisa Aparecida dos. "Análise comparativa de perfis de sinalização do receptor AT1 ativado por agonistas seletivos para a via de -arrestinas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17131/tde-31102013-150124/.
Повний текст джерелаG protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as 7TM receptors, are known to regulate virtually all physiological processes in mammals and approximately 40% of all current clinical drugs act by modulating such receptors. The signaling mediated by them is classically by coupling to G protein, which is activated by exchanging bound GDP for GTP, dissociation of G and G subunits, then leading to production of second messengers such as cAMP, Ca2+, and DAG. After the signal transduction, GPCR are phosphorylated by GPCR kinases (GRKs), followed by recruitment of cytoplasmic -arrestins, which initiate the endosome formation with consequent internalization and desensitization of the receptor. However, is has been demonstrated that the endosome assembling the ligand-receptor--arrestin complex can interact with cytoplasmic signaling proteins, therefore activating signaling pathways independently of G protein coupling. Recently, for different receptors, it has been described ligands capable of selectively activating one of these signaling pathways, G protein or -arrestin, called biased agonists. The AT1 receptor is a particularly interesting GPCR for the study of biased agonism, either due to its wide tissue expression as well as also due the existence of known and established biased ligands, such as SII and TRV120027. The aim of our study was to comparatively analyze the AT1 receptor signaling pathways profiles after activation by SII or TRV120027, using kinases arrays, and expression modulation of genes related to GPCRs signaling. AngII is the natural and full agonist of this receptor (activates both G protein and -arrestin signaling pathways) was used for comparison. Our data show that the signaling profile mediated by AT1 receptor can be distinct not only when comparing the profiles from AngII and the biased agonists, but also when comparing the profiles from the two biased ligands SII and TRv120027; revealing that the complex ligand-receptor can influence the downstream signaling pathways in a fine-tune way, further to the activation of -arrestin or G-protein. This data show that there are perspectives for the future development of ligands with even higher degree of selectivity.
Bajaj, Garima. "A Pre and Post 9-11 Analysis of SS7 Outages in the Public Switched Telephone Network." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1171294573.
Повний текст джерелаRolim, Natale Pinheiro Lage. "Efeito do treinamento físico em modelo genético de insuficiência cardíaca induzida por hiperatividade simpática." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/39/39132/tde-12112007-170402/.
Повний текст джерелаThe sympathetic nervous activity is increased in heart failure (HF) and is associated with the severity and prognosis of disease. Mice lacking both α2A and α2C adrenergic receptors (α2A/α2CARKO) develop sympathetic hyperactivity- induced HF and present 50% mortality rate by seven mo of age. The decreased cardiac contractility, cardiomyocytes degradation and exercise intolerance suggest that these mice are a good genetic model to unravel molecular mechanisms involved in the improvements of ventricular function by different pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies for HF. The present study was underlined to test the possible therapeutic effect of exercise training in sympathetic hyperactivity- induced HF. The improved exercise tolerance and systolic function after exercise training in α2A/α2CARKO was accompanied by increased intracellular Ca2+ transient and the expression of cardiac proteins which regulate Ca2+ transients, such as expression SERCA2 (20%), phospho-PLB-Ser16 (92%), phospho-PLB-Tre17 (285%), paralleled by reduction in NCX and PP1 expression. Therefore, this study provide direct evidence for the altered intracellular Ca2+ signaling in α2A/α2CARKO mice and that exercise training improves the ventricular function associated with an increase in intracellular Ca2+ transient in cardiomyocyte.
Koetz, Clara Isabel. "A influência do afeto e do gênero do consumidor no processamento das informações de qualidade sinalizadas por meio da propaganda." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/31967.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this thesis is to examine the influence of affect and gender on consumer perceptions of product quality in the signaling quality processes through advertising. In order to do that, two experimental studies were conducted. The first study was implemented in Brazil, in a sample of 144 students, whose objective was to examine the influence of the amount invested in advertising (below the average, on the average and above the average invested by the main competitors), the affect (positive and negative) and the gender (male and female) in the perception of product quality. In the data analysis, two ANOVA models were conducted. In the first one, the dependent variable "Overall Quality” was applied, which refers to a more objective assessment of the product. In the second model, the dependent variable "Perceived Quality" was used, which considers a more subjective evaluation of the product. The second study was developed in France, in a sample of 401 students, whose goal was to examine the influence of affect (positive and negative), the amount invested in advertising (below average, on the average and above the average invested by the main competitors), product information (with and without product information) and the subject's gender (male and female) in the perception of product quality in the signaling quality processes through advertising. The data analysis was developed in four steps. First, an ANOVA was conducted with the independent variables "Affect", "Information" and "Advertising Budget", and the same dependent variables that were used to evaluate the product quality perception in the previous study (in two different models). Next, it was developed another ANOVA model, in which it was defined as independent variables the "Advertising Budget ", "Gender" and "Information", and as dependent variables the same variables of quality perception used before (again in two distinct models). The results showed an interaction between the presence of information and the consumer affective state in the product quality perception. Thus, in situations where the respondents had access to product information, they considered this information in the evaluation of the product. In such cases, the affective state did not influence the consumer perceptions of product quality. However, when information was not provided, the product evalua tion was influenced by the affective state of the respondents. Thus, those who were experiencing positive affective states evaluated better the product than those who were experiencing negative emotional states. Moreover, the results showed an interaction between the gender and the amount invested in advertising in the product quality judgment. In the contexts of low investment in advertising, where the signal quality has not been used, women evaluated the product better than men. However, in the contexts where investments in the market’s average and above the market’s average were applied, in which the quality signal was transmitted, men and women showed similar mean values of quality perception only when the subjective dependent variable of perceived qua lity was used. Thus, it can be considered that the quality signal established a heuristic signal, which was considered more by men than by women in the evaluation of the product quality.
Castellanos, jankiewicz Ashley. "Bile acids signaling as a novel mechanism in the hypothalamic control of energy balance." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0218.
Повний текст джерелаIntroduction: Bile acids (BA) are cholesterol-derived molecules mostly known for their role in digesting lipids. By activating the Takeda G protein coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) in peripheral organs, they can also act as signaling molecules to reduce body weight and improve glucose homeostasis. Notably, TGR5 activation can increase energy expenditure in brown adipocytes, although the metabolic pathways involved in these effects are not yet clear. These outcomes imply an anti-obesity function for TGR5. However, all studies investigating BA in energy balance have exclusively focused on peripheral tissues. Since the major center of convergence of nutrient, hormonal, and environmental cues is the brain, particularly the hypothalamus, we hypothesized a role for TGR5 in this brain structure, suggesting that hypothalamic TGR5 activity may participate in energy balance, specifically under dietinduced obesity. Objective: To demonstrate the function of the BA – TGR5 system in hypothalamic populations known to control energy homeostasis, and disentangle its relevance for the treatment of diet-induced obesity. Methods: C57Bl6/J male mice that were either lean (standard chow) or diet-induced obese (60% high-fat diet; HFD) were implanted with an intra-cerebroventricular (ICV) cannula for the pharmacological delivery of TGR5 agonists. TGR5flox/flox mice were used to target the sitespecific deletion of the receptor within the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH), through the stereotaxic delivery of AAV-Cre. The following metabolic outputs were measured: body weight, food intake, body composition (EchoMRI analyzer), insulin sensitivity, serum and hypothalamic BA (liquid mass spectrometry), and energy expenditure (TSE Phenomaster system). To block sympathetic signaling, we exposed mice to thermoneutrality (30°C) or performed chemical sympathectomy (6-hydroxydopamine; 80mg/kg i.p.). Markers of lipolysis, thermogenesis, and thyroid metabolism were measured in the liver, adipose and hypothalamic tissues by qPCR or western blots. All studies received the approval from the animal ethical committee of the University of Bordeaux. Results: We demonstrate that TGR5 and BA transporters are expressed in the MBH and that diet-induced obese mice have decreased circulating and hypothalamic BA. Acute ICV or intra-MBH administration of TGR5 agonists reduced food intake and body weight in dietinduced obese mice only, and improved insulin sensitivity. Accordingly, chronic ICV administration of the TGR5 agonist in obese mice reduced their body weight and adiposity, while increasing energy expenditure and mRNA markers of sympathetic activity in the adipose tissue. Indeed, experiments conducted at thermoneutrality or chemical sympathectomy blunted these effects, demonstrating that central TGR5 effects require an enhanced sympathetic tone. By using TGR5flox/flox mice coupled with the delivery of an AAVCre, we observed that the deletion of TGR5 in the MBH had no effect in chow-fed mice. However, a HFD switch rapidly increased their body weight, food intake and adiposity. When exposed to the cold (4 h at 4°C), protein levels of lipolysis and thermogenesis markers in the adipose tissue were blunted, implying an interruption in sympathetic signaling to the periphery due to hypothalamic downregulation of TGR5. Lastly, Cre-dependent deletion of TGR5 in the MBH of already obese mice rapidly increased adiposity by inducing hyperphagia, worsening their obese phenotype. Conclusions: Our work proves the existence of a functional hypothalamic BA – TGR5 receptor system. We show for the first time that the activation of TGR5 in the MBH decreases body weight and adiposity, while increasing energy expenditure through recruitment of the sympathetic nervous system. Taken together, these results expose a new mechanism of action for potential anti-obesity therapies
McKenna, Mary Kathryn. "NOVEL ROLE OF PROSTATE APOPTOSIS RESPONSE-4 TUMOR SUPPRESSOR IN B-CELL CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA." UKnowledge, 2017. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/microbio_etds/17.
Повний текст джерелаDeng, Xiaoling. "Identification of PAR₁-G protein signalling pathways involved in thrombin-induced CCL2/MCP-1 production." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444265/.
Повний текст джерелаMcIntosh, Kathryn Ann. "Proteinase-activated receptor-2( PAR-2) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha ( TNFα) signalling in inflammation". Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.489251.
Повний текст джерелаYamashita, Felipe Oliveira. "Memória fisiológica e comunicação radicular induzida por metil jasmonato." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181889.
Повний текст джерелаResumo: Apesar de serem organismos sésseis, as plantas movimentam ativamente estruturas vegetativas e reprodutivas, levando a interação com o ambiente ao redor. As plantas mantêm comunicação com plantas vizinhas, herbívoros e predadores através da emissão de compostos químicos exsudados pela raiz e esses eventos modificam o ambiente ocupado pelos vegetais. Esses exsudatos podem induzir a alteração de padrões morfológicos e fisiológicos além da expressão gênica de plantas vizinhas. Utilizamos o metil jasmonato, um regulador vegetal, para desencadear dois ciclos indutivos em plantas e comunicação com plantas vizinhas. Durante o estímulo, analisamos assimilação líquida de CO2 (A), condutância estomática (gs), taxa de transpiração (E), eficiência do uso da água (EUA), taxa de transporte de elétrons (ETR), fluorescência máxima (FM) e basal (F0), dissipação fotoquímica (qP) e rendimento quântico efetivo do PSII (PSII), além da expressão do gene SHR, padrão de metilação de histonas e parâmetros anatômicos em plantas com aplicação e plantas vizinhas. Plantas com aplicação de metil jasmonato apresentaram queda nos parâmetros fisiológicos horas após o contato com o elicitor, porém em segundo contato, tais parâmetros não diferiram do controle, indicando possível efeito de memória (imprint). Plantas induzidas pelo metil jasmonato podem ter emitido sinais às plantas vizinhas, proporcionando maiores taxas de A, gs, FM e F0 das plantas vizinhas em relação às induzidas. Portanto a comunicação entre... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Although they are sessile organisms, plants actively move their vegetative and reproductive structures, leading to interaction with the surrounding environment. Plants maintain communication with neighboring plants, herbivores and predators through emission of chemical compounds by root and these events modify the environment occupied by plants. These exudates may induce changes in morphological and physiological patterns beyond the gene expression of neighboring plants. We used methyl jasmonate, a plant regulator, to trigger two inductive cycles in plants and communication with neighboring plants. During the stimulus, we analyzed CO2 net assimilation (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), water use efficiency (WUE), electron transport rate (ETR), maximum fluorescence (FM), basal fluorescence (F0), photochemical dissipation (qP) and quantum yield of PSII (FPSII), as well as SHR gene expression, histone methylation pattern and anatomical parameters in plants with application and neighboring plants. Plants with methyl jasmonate application showed minor physiological parameters hours after the elicitor contact, but in the second contact, these parameters did not differ from the control group, indicating a possible memory effect (imprint). Plants induced by methyl jasmonate may have emitted signals to neighboring plants, providing higher rates of A, gs, FM and F0 of the neighboring plants in relation to the induced ones. Therefore the communication between plants... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Franco, Danilo Miralha. "Comunicação radicular induzida por diferentes tipos de substâncias químicas." Botucatu, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151529.
Повний текст джерелаResumo: Devido à natureza séssil, os vegetais estão sujeitos a modificações no ambiente que podem levar a deficiência hídrica, atividade alelopática e herbicida, e necessitam de respostas especificas para responder a elas. As respostas são induzidas pelas modificações, e demandam tempo e energia para serem ativadas. A comunicação vegetal pode ter importante função de processamento de informação, sinalizando sobre um evento estressante de uma planta para outra. Essa sinalização pode otimizar a aptidão de aclimatação ao estresse ambiental. Portanto, investigamos se diferentes tipos de substâncias podem induzir comunicação radicular em plantas de Sorghum bicolor (sorgo). Observando como a sinalização recebida por plantas vizinhas reflete alterações nos parâmetros avaliados, como o crescimento de raiz e parte aérea, trocas gasosas, fluorescência da clorofila a, atividade de enzimas antioxidantes e expressão de genes do desenvolvimento de raiz. Para isso submetemos plantas de sorgo com 25 dias após semeadura aos tratamentos com manitol, glifosato, extrato de Copaifera langsdorffii (copaíba), ácido indol-3-butírico (IBA) e rutina por 168 horas. Apenas a planta do primeiro vaso teve contato direto com as substâncias, caracterizando-a como planta tratada e a planta sem tratamento como planta vizinha. Os resultados indicam que as plantas vizinhas ao receberem comunicação apresentam redução do desenvolvimento de raiz. Com exceção do tratamento com extrato de copaíba, todos as plantas apresenta... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Doutor
Jancenelle, Vivien E. "Signaling Normative and Economic Orientations during Earnings Conference Calls: Market Performance Antecedents and Consequences." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1488814095926987.
Повний текст джерелаBalsiger, Alexander 1975. "The Role of cyclin O in ER stress signalling." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/565441.
Повний текст джерелаEn nuestro laboratorio hemos identificado recientemente un nuevo miembro de la familia de las ciclinas, la Ciclina O, la cuál puede unirse y activar a Cdk1 y Cdk2 en respuesta a estímulos apoptóticos tales como el daño genético o el estrés del retículo endoplásmico. También hemos demostrado que la Ciclina O participa en la respuesta celular desencadenada por el acúmulo de proteínas mal plegadas (UPR) actuando a través de la activación de la señalización de la ruta de PERK. El objetivo de esta tesis ha sido el estudio molecular de la participación de la Ciclina O en la respuesta al estrés del retículo. Nuestros resultados indican que los niveles de expresión de la Ciclina O incrementan en respuesta al estrés del retículo a través de rutas de la UPR que señalizan a través de la fosforilación de eIF2α y de la expresión de CHOP. Además hemos observado que en respuesta al estrés reticular la Ciclina O activa la ruta de las MAPK de manera independiente de la señalización a través de IRE1α. Este efecto posiblemente tiene lugar a través de la fosforilación y consecuente activación de MEKK4 dependiente de Cdk1 y Cdk2. Esto conlleva la activación de las kinasas de stress JNK y p38. Asimismo, mediante experimentos de fosfoproteómica hemos demostrado que un gran número de proteínas involucradas en los procesos bioquímicos de traducción y plegado dependen de la expresión de la Ciclina O.