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Дисертації з теми "Propriétés thermosensibles":
Chalal, Mohand. "Structure multi-échelle et propriétés physico-chimiques des gels de polymères thermosensibles." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00680076.
Roeser, Jérôme. "Synthèse de polymères dendronisés pour la reconnaissance ionique et à propriétés thermosensibles." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR13152.
Ce travail de thèse porte sur la synthèse de polymères dendronisés fonctionnels porteurs de courtes chaînes oxyéthylènes. Leur préparation est effectuée en deux étapes : la polymérisation anionique vivante de macromonomères dendritiques à chaînes terminales allyles (i. E. Des styrènes porteurs de 2 ou 3 dendrons carbosilane de 1ère génération), suivie du greffage des chaînes oxyéthylènes via une addition radicalaire de thiol. Des taux de fonctionnalisation quasi-quantitatifs ont été obtenus, permettant d’incorporer jusqu’à 6 ou 9 chaînes oxyéthylènes par unité répétitive. L’étude des propriétés d’extraction et de complexation montre une remarquable sélectivité pour l’ion argent, avec une association privilégiée d’un cation par dendron. Par ailleurs, selon le degré d’hydrophilie, contrôlé par la densité des motifs oxyéthylènes greffés, la solubilité des polymères en milieu aqueux peut être ajustée jusqu’à l’apparition d’un comportement inverse de solubilité en fonction de la température
Louguet, Stéphanie. "Nanoparticules hybrides thermosensibles pour la théranostique." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14242/document.
This work deals with the development of hybrid nanoparticles that could offer new strategies for therapy and diagnostic. These are based on a magnetic core which can play the role of contrast agent for MRI as well as heat inductor in AC magnetic field. This inorganic core is surrounded by a thermo-responsive polymeric brush that controls the loading and the release of drugs, and can be functionalized by specific ligands ensuring the targeting specificity. A large part of this work consists in studying the adsorption mechanism of poly(ether)-b-poly(L-lysine) based block copolymers onto magnetic particle and to better understand the influence of the polymer chain conformation at particles surface on the colloidal stability under physiological conditions. An anticancer drug has been loaded and released in a controlled manner under alternative magnetic field by taking advantage from the thermosensitivity of the polyether block. Targeting peptides specific of inflammation sites at the blood brain barrier have been grafted onto copolymers. The targeting specificity has been demonstrated by MRI and fluorescence imaging in rats attesting the multifunctionality of such nanoparticles
Duracher, David. "Elaboration de latex hydrophiles et thermosensibles et leur utilisation comme supports pour l'immobilisation contrôlée de protéines." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10277.
Hazot, Pascale. "Synthèse de particules thermosensibles de P-Nemam fonctionnalisées par l'acide phényl boronique : immobilisation sur des surfaces planes modèles pour des applications biologiques et optiques." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10114.
Graillot, Alain. "Synthèse et caractérisation de copolymères thermosensibles phosphonés : évaluation de leurs propriétés de sorption et séparation au sein d’un nouveau procédé de traitement d’effluents aqueux chargés en métaux." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20226.
This Ph-D work aims at synthetizing thermosensitive and complexing polymers for the implementation of an innovative process targeting the removal of metallic cations from wastewater. This process is based on the use of copolymers bearing phosphonic acid groups as sorption moieties whereas thermoresponsiveness allows adjusting the solubility of the polymeric sorbent according to the process step considered. First, the synthesis of various thermosensitive copolymers bearing phosphonated moieties is reported. The use of free radical polymerization or Reversible Addition Fragmentation Transfer (RAFT) polymerization allowed synthesizing copolymers with different architectures. Among all macromolecular compounds, the P(NnPAAm-stat-hMAPC1) copolymer was chosen as the most relevant polymeric sorbent for the process. Sorption properties of this copolymer were then evaluated and results highlighted that the contact time, the temperature, the pH and more generally the effluent composition were the main influencing parameters. These studies also enable to figure out the sorption mechanisms involved between phosphonic acid and the cationic metals studied (Ni2+, Ca2+, Cd2+, Al3+).The studies carried on the separation and regeneration steps of the process allowed the development of an innovative process for the removal of metallic pollution from wastewaters named Thermosensitive polymer Enhanced Microfiltration (TEMF) process. Finally, the conception of a pilot plant permitted the study of the TEMF process at larger scale
Nouveau, Thibaut. "Nébulisation de nouveaux polyplexes pour le transfert de gènes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS734.pdf.
Gene therapy is a form of therapy used to treat hereditary or acquired genetic diseases such as cancer or cystic fibrosis. Introducing a polynucleotide into diseased cells, either via the systmeic route or the local route (oral or nasal inhalation), corrects the defects causing the genetic mutations. However, DNA can only be internalized using a vector that protects it and enables it to reach the cell nucleus, where it will be transcribed. Various vectors (viral or synthetic) have been developed, such as PEI-based cationic polymer vectors. However, although effective, these PEI-based vectors are immunogenic at high doses. Functionalizations to reduce this toxicity, such as PEGylation, have been developed, making it possible to reinforce vectors by adding stealthiness to the final polyplexes. However, these strategies have their limitations, necessitating the synthesis of new types of polymer. POxylation represents a good alternative to PEG usage to form new polyplexes by adding a block formed from one or more poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline)s. The copolymers are synthesized by selective hydrolysis of a PEtOx-b-PnPrOx-b-PMeOx triblock copolymer using the thermosensitive properties of the hydrophobic blocks and a kosmotropic salt to form core-shell systems enabling hydrolysis of the PMeOx block to PEI. Then, the systems were formulated using a standard formulation and a "micro-extrusion" method. The polyplexes obtained were used in vitro experiments, by deposition or by a nebulization method, ideal for the treatment of pulmonary diseases. Very good transfection results were obtained, depending on various parameters (Mn, PEI, polymer architecture, +/- charge ratio)
Audureau, Nicolas. "Synthèse de (co)polymères à UCST par polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée par RAFT et étude de leur thermosensibilité dans l’eau." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS299.pdf.
Over the past decade, polymers exhibiting a UCST type behavior in water have gained more and more interest. Among them, poly(acrylamide-co-acrylonitrile) (P(Am-co-AN)) and poly(N- acryloyl glucinamide) are the most popular. They have been mainly studied for the develoment of new smart systems for biomedical applications. Yet, reproductibility of their synthesis to obtain polymers with the targeted phase transition temperature (TCP) is not always straightforward. In this thesis, we firstly completed previous studies available in the litterature on P(Am-co-AN) by synthesizing it in water using RAFT-controlled radical polymerization. We also developed a new familly of (co)polymers based on N-cyanomethylacrylamide (CMAm) and N-cyanoethylacrylamide (CEAm) exhibiting a UCST-type behavior in water covering a very large range of TCP (~20-85 °C). Moreover, we have shown that block copolymers composed of the former UCST type (co)polymers could be achieved with good polymerization control in water via the PISA-RAFT process using a poly(N,N- dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAc) macroRAFT agent. The process allowed us to obtain thermoresponsive nano-objects of different morpholgies. Remarkably, in the case of PDMAc-b-P(Am- co-AN), we have shown the existence of a partially reversible worms-to-spheres morphological transition induced by heating of the medium. In the case of PDMAc-b-PCMAm diblock copolymers, we have shown that a large range of morphologies, namely spheres, worms and vesicles, was accessible
Mussault, Cécile. "Temperature-induced phase transition of grafted hydrogels : from primary structure to mechanical properties." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS216.
To specifically study the impact of phase-separation processes on hydrogels mechanical reinforcement, we worked under isochoric conditions developing architectures not only thermo-responsive but also able to keep a high level of hydration on both sides of the phase-separation temperature. For this purpose, grafted hydrogels have been formulated from a chemically cross-linked hydrophilic polymer network grafted with thermo-sensitive side-chains of LCST type (PNIPAm). From this primary structure and keeping constant the weight ratio between the hydrophilic and thermo-responsive parts, we demonstrate that the thermodynamic characteristics of the phase transition (enthalpy and temperature transitions) are only very weakly dependent on the molar mass of PNIPAm grafts as well as their self-assembly process which leads to cylindrical domains concentrated in PNIPAm grafts. Like the nanocomposite materials, the formation of these dense polymer domains stabilized by physical interactions highly enhances both the gels stiffness and fracture resistance at high temperature by dissipating energy. We show that this temperature-controlled reinforcement increases with the molar mass of the PNIPAm grafts. Varying the hydrophilic/thermo-responsive parts weight ratio while keeping constant the molar mass of the grafts, opposite behaviours at low and high temperatures were established. When the hydrophilic cross-linked network weight is high compared to the one of thermo-responsive grafts, the hydrogels exhibit good properties at low temperature (entropic elasticity) whereas at high temperature, their mechanical behaviour is controlled by the phase-separated domains concentrated in PNIPAm grafts (energetic elasticity). The phase-separation phenomenon of PNIPAm grafts being thermo-reversible by nature and the interactions between these chains being weakly dynamic at high temperature, we demonstrate that these grafted hydrogels exhibit both adhesive and shape-memory properties. Finally, expanding the phase-separation concept, we show that replacing the hydrophilic network by a UCST type thermo-responsive one allows getting a dual thermo-response with phase-separation occurring at both low and high temperatures. While these transition temperatures are perfectly correlated to the thermodynamic characteristics of each polymer, the mechanical reinforcement is more dependent on the energy due to the nature of interactions developing inside the UCST network (H-bonds) or between the LCST grafts (H-bonds and hydrophobic interactions) during the phase-separation process
Lessard, David. "Études des propriétés rhéologiques et thermosensibles de polymères dérivés de N,N-diéthylacrylamide." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16769.