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Статті в журналах з теми "Proprietà imperiale"

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Caserta, Emmanuela. "La Villa di Lucio Vero sulla Via Cassia a Roma in località Acquatraversa." Journal of Roman Archaeology 28 (2015): 179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047759415002457.

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Villam praeterea extruxit in via Clodia famosissimam, in qua per multos dies et ipse ingenti luxuria debacchatus est cum libertis suis et amicis Paridis, quorum praesentia<e> <n>ulla inerat reverentia, et Marcus rogavit, qui venit, ut fratri venerabilem morum suorum et imitandam ostenderet sanctitudinem, et quinque diebus in eadem villa residens cognitionibus continuis operam dedit, aut convivante fratre aut convivia comparante. (HA Verus 8.8, ed. Hohl [Lipsiae 1955] 80–81)Con queste parole il biografo della vita di Lucio Vero, nella Historia Augusta, documenta la presenza di una dimora di notevoli proporzioni e magnifico aspeto fata costruire dall’imperatore, coreggente con il fratello Marco Aurelio tra il 161 e il 169, sul tracciato della via Clodia/Cassia nel II sec. d.C. (fig. 1). Non sono molti i luoghi che, lungo la strada consolare, possono essere a ragione inseriti nelle proprietà imperiali per imponenza delle struture e ricchezza dei reperti custoditi; così i resti da sempre visibili al V miglio della strada, in località Acquatraversa, su una modesta altura che domina la valle (89 m s.l.m. è il punto più alto a nord-ovest), sono ormai riconosciuti in modo unanime dagli studiosi come appartenenti al complesso di proprietà imperiale.
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Story, Joanna, Judith Bunbury, Anna Candida Felici, Gabriele Fronterotta, Mario Piacentini, Chiara Nicolais, Daria Scacciatelli, Sebastiano Sciuti, and Margherita Vendittelli. "Charlemagne's black marble: the origin of the epitaph of Pope Hadrian I." Papers of the British School at Rome 73 (November 2005): 157–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068246200003019.

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IL MARMO NERO DI CARLO MAGNO: L'ORIGINE DELL'EPITAFFIO DI PAPA ADRIANO IQuesto articolo presenta nuove evidenze che identificano l'origine del marmo nero dell'epitaffio di papa Adriano I, conservato attualmente nel portico di San Pietro in Vaticano. L'epitaffio fu commissionato da Carlo Magno dopo la morte di Adriano (avvenuta il 26 dicembre del 795) ed è il più eminente esempio attualmente esistente di epigrafia carolingia. È un pezzo maestro del rinascimento carolingio. Questo articolo dimostra attraverso analisi paleontologiche, petrologiche e geochimiche che la pietra per l'epitaffio fu cavata nei pressi del flume Meuse, vicino Namur in Belgio, in un'area situata all'interno delle estese proprietà della famiglia Carolingia. Inoltre, si deduce che la pietra nera fu scelta con il consapevole intento d'imitare le espressioni classiche delle risorse imperiali, e che unitamente all'indubbia qualita dell'epigrafe e del testo poetico, la scelta del marmo può essere interpretata come una testimonianza di eredità culturale e ambizione imperiale da parte del suo patrono, che fu incoronato Imperatore in Roma nel natale dell'800, in un luogo dal quale era possibile vedere l'iscrizione, cinque anni dopo la morte di Adriano.
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Small, Alastair. "Excavation in the Roman cemetery at Vagnari, in the territory of Gravina in Puglia, 2002." Papers of the British School at Rome 75 (November 2007): 123–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068246200003536.

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SCAVI NELLA NECROPOLI ROMANA A VAGNARI, NEL TERRITORIO DI GRAVINA IN PUGLIA, 2002Lo scavo del cimitero del villaggio romano di Vagnari in Apulia, iniziato nel 2002, è tuttora in corso. L'articolo propone la pubblicazione finale di diciassette inumazioni, scavate prevalentemente nel primo anno, databili nel complesso tra il I e il IV secolo d.C. Nella parte I Small discute le tipologie tombali, le pratiche funerarie, l'uso dei corredi funebri e i rituali funerari, e delinea paragoni con altre necropoli dell'Italia romana. Nella parte II Prowse analizza i resti scheletrici dal punto di vista dell'eta, del sesso e delle patologie. La parte III è un catalogo descrittivo delle deposizioni e dei corredi tombali, con resoconti specialistici sulla ceramica condotti da Kenrick, sul vetro da Giuliani, sulle lucerne da De Stefano, sulle monete da Abdy e sugli amuleti da Henig. Nella parte IV De Stefano discute la provenienza delle lucerne e la loro distribuzione in Italia e in particolar modo in Apulia. Il villaggio romano di Vagnari costituiva un centro economico di una proprietà imperiale, e lo scavo del cimitero è parte di un programma di studio in corso sul villaggio e il suo ambiente.
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Marzano, Annalisa. "A STUDY OF IMPERIAL ESTATES - (M.) Maiuro Res Caesaris. Ricerche sulla proprietà imperiale nel Principato. (Pragmateiai 23.) Pp. 482. Bari: Edipuglia, 2012. Cased, €70. ISBN: 978-88-7228-655-5." Classical Review 64, no. 2 (April 15, 2014): 545–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009840x1400016x.

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Small, Alastair M. "A major study of imperial estates in Italy - MARCO MAIURO , RES CAESARIS. RICERCHE SULLA PROPRIETÀ IMPERIALE NEL PRINCIPATO (Pragmateiai 23; Edipuglia, Bari 2012). Pp. 482, Tables. ISBN 978-88-7228-655-5." Journal of Roman Archaeology 27 (2014): 645–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104775941400169x.

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Yang, Xiaoshan. "Ritual Propriety and Political Intrigue in the Xuande Gate Incident." T'oung Pao 98, no. 1-3 (2012): 145–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853212x629910.

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AbstractThe 1073 incident at the Xuande Gate, involving Wang Anshi's alleged breach of imperial protocol, was a turning point both in his career and in emperor Shenzong's policies. By filling in the gaps and reconciling the discrepancies in various accounts of the incident, this essay demonstrates that, whereas on the surface the controversy centered on the ritual question of whether Wang should have dismounted before entering the gate, what was really at play was the particular political dynamics of the time. Direct instigation came from the ranks of senior eunuchs, among whom there was considerable aversion to Wang. Such aversion reflected the attitude of the conservative members of the imperial family. The incident also marked the beginning of Shenzong's shifting away from his exclusive reliance on Wang in formulating and implementing reform policies.
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Burbank, Jane. "A question of dignity: peasant legal culture in late imperial Russia." Continuity and Change 10, no. 3 (December 1995): 391–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416000002861.

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Les tribunaux paysans, instaurés en Russie après l'émancipation de 1861, permirent à la population rurale de se forger des connaissances juridiques. Ces tribunaux volost' siègèrent pendant plus d'un demi-siécle, attentifs à la fois à appliquer la réglementation nationale et à s'assurer la participation locale. La procédure suivie par ces tribunaux, où les affaires étaient évoquées et jugées par des juges paysans, permit de régler, sur des bases à la fois locales et juridiques, des questions de grande importance pour la population rurale: dignité de la personne, petite criminalité, contrôle des droits de propriété et des transactions économiques. Ces tribunaux ruraux furent populaires et ils contribuèrent en partie à créer des liens entre la population rurale et l'Etat.
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Lee, Horng-Yi. "Linguistic Politeness in the Chinese Language and Culture." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 10, no. 1 (December 24, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1001.01.

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This paper aims to explore the cultural foundations of polite speech and analyze its usage and practice in modern Chinese. A language mirrors the culture it is associated with. Grounded in the Chinese tradition and the teachings of Confucianism, the emphasis on rites, propriety and humility led to the development of polite language from the early imperial time. Because of the absence of related syntactic features, Chinese linguistic politeness is predominantly manifested on the lexical level. A rich array of decorous terms and expressions has been evolved accordingly to express courtesy or respect either verbally or in formal writing. In general, the lexicon of politeness can be classified into four major categories, namely, honorifics, humble language, courteous speech, and euphemisms.
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Kye, Seung B. "Huddling under the Imperial Umbrella: A Korean Approach to Ming China in the Early 1500s." Journal of Korean Studies 15, no. 1 (September 10, 2010): 41–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07311613-15-1-41.

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Abstract By examining the frequency and purpose of voluntary missions of congratulations to Beijing in the early 1500s, this article explores the changing Chosŏn attitude towards Ming China and interprets the close and mutually beneficial relationship between King Chungjong (r. 1506–45) and the Jiajing Emperor (r. 1521–66). Installed as a nominal king by coup leaders under the situation in which the Korean elites’ view of “serving Ming China” was in transition from conditional and practical to unconditional and ideological, and threatened by both the merit subjects’ arbitrariness and Confucian moralists’ fundamentalism, Chungjong was very eager to link himself more intimately with the Ming emperor, the higher authority, from which he received investiture. To the Jiajing Emperor, who frequently provoked his officials with a variety of ritual controversies, the congratulatory missions from Chosŏn, the Eastern Land of Propriety, were welcome guests. The emperor and the king became intimate with each other in this way for the sake of their own political purposes, and their relationship inevitably influenced the relations between the two countries.
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Xiang, Sunny. "Bikinis and Other Atomic Incidents: The Synthetic Life of the Nuclear Pacific." Radical History Review 2022, no. 142 (January 1, 2022): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-9397030.

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Abstract This article examines a range of mid-twentieth-century American fashions, particularly women’s intimate wear, that went by the name of “bikini.” In doing so, it identifies the bikini as an overt but unremarkable incident of racial and colonial violence. Treating the nuclear Pacific as conspicuously incidental in mainstream atomic culture enables new insights on the visual interplay between white femininity and primitive sexuality—an interplay that, the author argues, was integral to establishing domestic virtue and modern living as atomic age touchstones of “peace.” To elaborate on this argument, this article tracks the bikini’s achievement of propriety within a broader fashion revolution spurred by the use of high-tech fibers in swim, sleep, and support garments. It shows how an atomic ideal of “nature” arose from an imperial desire for security in the face of extreme risk—both the global risk of nuclear war and the domestic risk of sexual promiscuity.
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Дисертації з теми "Proprietà imperiale"

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CHIRICO, ELENA. "Villa Tardoantica in Toscana. Strutture insediative, sociali, proprietà ed economia." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1006038.

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La ricerca presentata nasce nell’ambito di un progetto di Dottorato che ha come titolo “La villa tardo antica in Toscana: strutture insediative, proprietà ed economia”. Il lavoro si inserisce all’interno di un vivace dibattito che ha generato negli ultimi decenni un revival di studi sulle ville romane, producendo un miglioramento quantitativo e qualitativo delle conoscenze. Fine ultimo della ricerca è stato cercare di comprendere le “cause profonde” che determinarono la continuità di occupazione di alcune ville a seguito della recessione di età antonina e le caratteristiche di questa occupazione fino ai definitivi abbandoni. I complessi individuati nella regione sono stati contestualizzati nella situazione della penisola italica e di alcune province dell’Impero (Britannia, Gallia, Regioni danubiane-balcaniche, Spagna) in modo da avere un quadro organico delle caratteristiche delle ville romane e della più generale evoluzione tardo antica fino alla destrutturazione del sistema villa, seppur con tutte le variabili geografiche e cronologiche del caso. Le ville sono state analizzate sia come edifici architettonici, residenze dotate di decorazioni di pregio destinate ad élite, sia come organismi economici-produttivi, centri di riferimento territoriali ed attrazione per insediamenti, attività e commerci. E’ stato così possibile rileggere diversamente le trasformazioni socio-economiche avvenute nella regione e fornire un differente punto di vista delle dinamiche insediative di età tardo antica che documentavano una forte differenza tra la parte settentrionale e quella meridionale della regione. Le ricerche nel nord restituiscono la fotografia di un paesaggio ricco, animato da città e ville proprietà di aristocratici senatori, come i Vettii e i Caecinae. Più articolata la situazione nel sud, al centro di un dibattito archeologico passato e recente. La letteratura accademica fra gli anni 80 del secolo scorso e i primi anni 2000 sosteneva una generale decadenza della maggior parte delle ville in Toscana, iniziata con la crisi del vino italico ed acuita durante l’età antonina, determinando l’abbandono di molti complessi e la continuità di occupazione di altri fino al V e VI secolo d.C., tuttavia privi del ruolo di riferimento nel territorio e di caratteri residenziali. La recente letteratura documenta una realtà più dinamica, un paesaggio interessato da ville, mansiones, villaggi, distretti manifatturieri ed una continuità generale di traffici con il Mediterraneo fino alla fine del V secolo d.C., con alcuni attardamenti al VI/VII secolo d.C.. L’evidenza di traffici e commerci con il Mediterraneo ha portato alcuni studiosi ad ipotizzare la presenza di élite che ostentano il loro status con altri indicatori. Merito principale di questo lavoro consiste l’aver individuato nella proprietà imperiale la possibile spiegazione della serie di trasformazioni socio-economiche avvenute in un arco cronologico compreso tra la fine del I- inizi del II secolo d.C. e la fine del VI – inizi del VII secolo d.C.. Secondo questa ricerca, l’abbandono della produzione vinicola ed il conseguente cambiamento economico avvenuto tra la fine del I e gli inizi del II secolo d.C., la continuità di traffici con il Mediterraneo attestata almeno fino alla fine del V secolo e oltre trovano una comune spiegazione nella presenza della proprietà imperiale. L’ingresso della proprietà imperiale determinò una profonda riorganizzazione del territorio che interessò la viabilità terrestre, con la nascita di infrastrutture pubbliche e quella marittima con la realizzazione di ville-porti. La presenza della proprietà imperiale spiega la continuità di traffici per tutta l’età tardoantica e giustifica l’assenza di élite, scomparse nel sud proprio con l’ingresso della res Caesaris quando l’imperatore diventò l’unico patrono e principale evergete, portando con se una società composta da liberti e schiavi.
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Maiuro, Marco. "La proprieta imperiale in Italia." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20028.

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Le but de cette thèse de doctorat était d'affronter des problèmes fondamentaux du droit romain : l'administration politique et financière de l'empire romain ; les relations de l'empereur et du sénat pour les questions patrimoniales ; des problèmes essentiels de la géographie historique administrative et économique de l'Italie antique. Il a fallu poser une définition juridique de cette propriété impériale et de ses relations avec les autres formes de propriétés, publique et privée. On a pu souligner la différence formelle et sustancielle entre propriété publique et propriété impériale, entre les compétences concernant certains biens des empereurs et la pratique d'intégration de ces biens dans le patrimoine du fiscus. On a donc procédé pour chaque territoire à un examen de tous les témoignages disponibles : littéraires, épigraphiques, topographiques, archéologiques. Le résultat de ce parcours permet de dresser un tableau inédit de la propriété impériale, avec une distribution du patrimoine impérial concentré dans quelques régions d'Italie et doté d'une personnalité économique propre. On s'aperçoit que d'une part, certains concepts comme celui du latifundium impérial sont totalement erronés et d'autre part, que la présence du patrimoine impérial pouvait être un des facteurs qui stimulaient l'évergétisme impérial. On peut remarquer que cette distribution du patrimoine impérial est très souvent en rapport avec la politique des empereurs au niveau supra-régional et méditerranéen. Un fait inédit en émerge : le contrôle fort que les empereurs exercèrent sur leur patrimoine, que ce soit pour la quantité de biens possédés que pour la stratégie de leur répartition sur le territoire
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ARPAIA, ANNA. "Gli Alessandrini e le loro proprietà nella prima età imperiale." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1172501.

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La tesi verte sugli alessandrini nel ruolo di possidenti nel I secolo d.C. Si presenta e discute un metodo di identificazione degli alessandrini proprietari nelle fonti e la possibilità di riconoscere un gruppo sociale autorevole o abbiente tra costoro in base ai dati sulle stesse proprietà. In una fase che precede l'abolizione dell'obbligo di assunzione delle liturgie per gli alessandrini con proprietà nella 'chora' egiziana (68 d.C.), si ricostruisce per i soggetti alessandrini la relazione tra l'acquisizione di proprietà e l'assunzione di incarichi amministrativi. Inoltre, in relazione all'evoluzione di Alessandria come capitale d'Egitto, si indagano le categorie di terre ad essa legate: 'chora' di Alessandria, 'oikos' di Alessandria e alcuni beni usiaci detenuti da alessandrini.
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Wu, Ming-Xun, and 吳明勳. "From the imperial fame with decency and propriety of view Scholars." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79828324889493558642.

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Книги з теми "Proprietà imperiale"

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Res Caesaris: Ricerche sulla proprietà imperiale nel principato. Bari: Edipuglia, 2012.

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Vagnari: Il villaggio, l'artigianato, la proprietà imperiale = Vagnari : the village, the industries, the imperial property. Bari: Edipuglia, 2011.

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Migliario, Elvira. Strutture della proprietà agraria in Sabina dall'età imperiale all'alto Medioevo. Firenze: La Nuova Italia, 1988.

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Margaret, McCallum, ed. Lady landlords of Prince Edward Island: Imperial dreams and the defence of property. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2008.

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Halphen, Louis. Etudes Critiques Sur l'histoire de Charlemagne: Les Sources de l'histoire de Charlemagne, la Conquete de la Saxe, le Couronnement Imperial, l'agriculture et la Propriete Rurale, l'industrie et le Commerce. --. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.

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Shasore, Neal. Designs on Democracy. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192849724.001.0001.

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Abstract Designs on Democracy examines a pivotal period in the formation of the modern profession of architecture in Britain. It shows how architects sought to meet the newly articulated demands of a mass democracy in the wake of the First World War. It does so by providing a vivid picture of architectural culture in interwar London, the imperial metropolis, drawing on histories of design, practice, professionalism, and representation. Most accounts of this period tend to deal exclusively with the emergence of Modernism; this book takes a different approach, encompassing a much broader perspective on the liberal professional consensus that held sway, including architecture’s mainstream and its so-called avant-garde. Readers will encounter a number of unexpected narratives, episodes, and projects: from the British Empire Exhibition at Wembley to the rebuilding of Waterloo Bridge; from the impact of the Great Slump to the passing of the first Architects Registration Act (1931); from Trystan Edwards’s radical housing campaigns to the Londoners’ League’s unorthodox preservationism. Pulling in a range of evidence and sources—periodicals, exhibitions, photographs, and films, alongside architecture—it evokes architectural culture by listening carefully to the tenor of its discourse. Architecture’s public realm is thus analysed through sometimes surprising phrases: ‘manners’ to understand ideals of public propriety, ‘vigilance’ to explore public proprietorship, ‘slump’ to contextualize the emergence of public relations, ‘machine-craft’ to understand the forging of public institutions. The book spans the excitable discussions about the reconstruction of the profession for a democratic age after the First World War, to reconstruction and planning following the Second. Designs on Democracy provides an ambitious revision of how we can understand twentieth-century architecture in Britain.
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Частини книг з теми "Proprietà imperiale"

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McKichan, Finlay. "Electoral Politics and Lord Seaforth as a Landed Proprietor in Scotland and as Governor of Barbados." In The MacKenzie Moment and Imperial History, 189–209. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24459-0_9.

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Chow, Rey. "The Grain of Jade." In Beyond Imperial Aesthetics, 116–24. Hong Kong University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888455874.003.0006.

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This essay attempts a critical rereading of the well-known film by the Chinese director Fei Mu. When first released in 1948, Spring in a Small Town was judged derogatorily by critics in the then-rising communist China as a reactionary work, one that they considered to perpetuate China's feudal beliefs and customs. Through a reading of the Yuwen's voiceover narration, the scenes in which she and Zhichen play out their strong passion for each other in words and gestures, and the melodramatic ending of the reconciliation between Yuwen and Liyan, this chapter raises questions about the relations among female sexuality, culture, and nature in this specific context. Above all, the chapter interrogates the basis that seems to unite the film's director and his critics-that is, a collective consensus on the necessity of repression, as expressed in the Confucian moral-aethetic dictum, fa huqing, zhi hu li ([poetry is] springing from the emotions, stopping at the rules of propriety), a dictum that was not only conveyed by Fei Mu as an instruction to the actors but also reiterated as an ethical principle in much of the critical literature on the film.
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Vitelli Casella, Mattia. "Testimonianze epigrafiche per una sintesi sulla proprietá imperiale nel territorio riminese." In Adriatlas 4. Produzioni artigianali in area adriatica: manufatti, ateliers e attori (III sec. a.C. – V sec. d.C.), 255–64. Ausonius Éditions, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46608/primaluna8.9782356134073.13.

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Graumann, Thomas. "The Conference of Carthage (AD 411)." In The Acts of the Early Church Councils, 32–40. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198868170.003.0004.

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The so-called Conference of Carthage in 411 AD, a religious trial overseen by imperial authorities, about the standing of the Donatist and Catholic churches in North Africa provides a model case for the examination of textual practices and bureaucratic conventions obtaining in such meetings. They constitute a point of reference for the subsequent discussion of such practices more specifically at the councils of the following decades. The scrupulous attention paid by the imperial authorities as well as by the conflicting parties to the propriety of recording practices reveals the technical measures and steps undertaken in the production of a record unusually clearly; at the same time, the frequent challenges highlight the areas of contention and the competing purposes of participants that inform the making and eventual shape of the resultant protocols.
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Linklater, Andrew. "The Classical European ‘Standard of Civilization’." In The Idea of Civilization and the Making of the Global Order, 125–50. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529213874.003.0005.

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This chapter develops the thesis that Elias devoted too little attention to colonialism and to civilizing offensives to transform non-European peoples. To extend Elias’s explanation of the civilizing process, it considers discourses of conquest and discovery that shaped civilized self-images. Elias’s focus on the role that manners books played in influencing the dominant standards of propriety can be augmented by investigating the impact of narratives that were centred on colonial encounters. Specific attention is paid to the nineteenth century standard of civilization which was an important bridge between state formation and colonial international society. That legal doctrine embodied distinctions between civilized, semi-civilized and savage peoples that were central to the world-views of the imperial establishment. They were not fixed positions in an unchangeable hierarchy of peoples. They were linked with conceptions of human progress which assumed that societies of lesser worth could be elevated through benign imperial governance. The standard of civilization was fundamental to European attempts to create a global order in their image.
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Silva, Daniel F. "Transgendering Jesus: Mário Lúcio Sousa’s O Novíssimo Testamento and the Dismantling of Imperial Categories." In Anti-Empire: Decolonial Interventions in Lusophone Literatures, 264–86. Liverpool University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781786941008.003.0009.

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This chapter examines how the novel combines the religious with elements of the fantastic in staging the reincarnation of Jesus Christ. Placed within an existing field of global meanings, especially pertaining to notions of morality and propriety underpinned by racial and sexual discourses, Jesus confronts a world of stigma and suffering. As millions of people flock to Lém to seek out the messiah, many of which requesting miracles, Jesus comes face to face with imperial categorizations of bodies in terms of not only race and gender, but also of disease and disability. In doing so, she is forced to grapple with the construction and lived consequences of particular notions of normativity – of corporal ability, skin color, and gender – that inform privilege within Empire. The resolutions she seeks reveal a mission against what Michel Foucault and Gayatri Spivak call the epistemic violence of power, namely that of Empire.
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Bryson, Megan. "Lady of Cypress Chastity." In Goddess on the Frontier. Stanford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9780804799546.003.0005.

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As the Ming dynasty continued and gave way to the Qing, more migrants from the empire’s eastern and central regions made their way to Yunnan. Baijie Furen, the third form of Baijie, emerged as a result of this increasing contact between Han outsiders and Dali locals. This chapter argues that Baijie Furen, portrayed in legend as an eighth-century widow martyr, supplanted the earlier forms of Baijie because of her multifaceted identity: for Dali elites, she signified the region’s long history of Confucian virtues, which marked it as civilized; for Ming and Qing elites, her exceptional example proved that imperial civilizing projects could succeed. In both cases Baijie Furen served as a proxy for the Bai people because male elites correlated a population’s civilization with women’s sexual propriety.
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Gingeras, Ryan. "Introduction." In Eternal Dawn, 1–16. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791218.003.0001.

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There was a time when the name Dolmabahçe (or “covered garden” in Turkish) carried no metaphoric significance. For much of history, it was simply a name given to a quaint glen bordering the western shores of the Bosphorus Straits. Lying just north of the walled confines of Istanbul, Dolmabahçe (or Iason in Greek) hugged a stretch of shallow water suitable for fishing boats as well as warships. The name took on a more exclusive, regal air in the early seventeenth century with the construction of a small imperial residence along its banks. Little is known about the interior or design of this palace, dubbed Beşiktaş by its proprietor, Sultan Selim II. The resonate significance and beauty associated with the home came more from the gardens cultivated in and around the building. A British visitor insisted that the palace, while “gay with paint and bright with gold,” yielded its place to a warm collection of “groves and kiosques overhanging the water.”...
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