Дисертації: "Projet de genre"

1

Kama, Joseph. "Influence du genre sur les situations liées au management de projet." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR1002/document.

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Si dans la littérature, quelques rares études ont analysé les aspects de genre dans les projets, il faut noter que la plupart d’entre elles ont mesuré le sexe assimilé au genre comme dans bien des travaux effectués dans l’organisation permanente. Pourtant étudier le projet sous l’angle du genre présente plusieurs intérêts. En effet le projet diffuse aujourd’hui bien loin de son berceau d’origine. Les pratiques liées à son management ont fortement évolué si bien qu’on retrouve de plus en plus de femmes dans l’approche managériale des projets (Neuhauser, 2007). Le projet échappe-t-il davantage à la culture organisationnelle ? Favorise-t-il le développement de nouvelles compétences managériales ? Dans tous les cas, nous reconsidérons, dans cette thèse, la question de genre et souhaitons répondre à la problématique suivante : quelle est l’influence du genre sur les situations de management de projet ? Plus particulièrement, notre objectif est de repérer les situations managériales potentiellement complexes, risquées ou improvisationnelles et d’analyser les effets de genre lorsque les acteurs travaillant en contexte de projet font face à de telles situations
If in literature, very few researches have analyzed the gender aspects in the projects, it should be noted that most of them have measured gender equated with gender as in many work in the permanent organization. However, the study of the project under gender vision has several interests. In fact, nowadays, the project transmits so far from its starting point. Its management practices have so developed that women are more and more found in projects managerial approach (Neuhauser, 2007). Can we say that organizational culture does not deal more with the project ? Does the project encourage the development of new managerial skills? In any case, in this thesis, we deal with gender issue and we would like to answer to the following question : what is gender influence on project management situations ? In this research, our goal is to find complex, risked or improvisational possible managerial situations and analyze gender effects when actors involved in projects are obliged to cope with such situations

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2

Amstalden, Martine. "Relations de genre et développement international, dérives et interprétations d'un projet de développement au Mali." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ33562.pdf.

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3

Corneau, Sophie. "Agroforesterie, modernisation agricole et modes de vie Hani : Étude d'un projet-pilote au Yunnan, Chine." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41034.

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La modernisation et l’intensification agricoles sont depuis plusieurs années des priorités pour le développement économique de la Chine. Dans les provinces où les activités agricoles représentent une part importante des activités économiques des ménages, tel que le Yunnan, le développement agricole demeure un enjeu central au développement socioéconomique. Considérant le contexte actuel de crise climatique, de plus en plus d’attention et d’efforts sont consentis au développement de cultures durables ayant un impact écologique limité. Dans la présente étude, j’analyse l’impact de l’implantation du projet de modernisation agricole de Kubo dans le comté de Honghe sur les modes de vie des communautés touchées. Mon cadre conceptuel met l’accent sur l’approche des modes de vie ainsi que la perspective intersectionnelle. Les données collectées dans le cadre d’entretiens qualitatifs individuels et de groupe démontrent que les impacts diffèrent entre la population de travailleurs.ses (Population A) et les gens issus des communautés qui ont cédé les droits d’exploitation de leurs terres (Population B). Mon analyse se concentre sur l’influence du projet sur les ‘capitaux’ auxquels les populations ont accès, tels que définis dans l’approche des modes de vie ainsi que sur les impacts différentiés selon le genre, dans une perspective intersectionnelle. L’analyse est présentée de manière comparative entre les Populations A et B et aborde la résilience des modes de vie ainsi que les relations de genre. Il ressort de cette étude que l’impact le plus notable de l’arrivée de Kubo est l’augmentation globale des revenus des communautés touchées. Cependant, une analyse plus détaillée permet de noter qu’il existe des écarts à plusieurs niveaux entre les deux populations et entre les genres.

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4

Claro, Mona. "Ni hasard ni projet. : genre, sexualité et procréation pendant la jeunesse en Russie (années 1970-années 2010)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH146.

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Cette thèse s’intéresse d’un point de vue sociologique et socio-historique aux parcours d’entrée dans l’âge adulte de deux générations de femmes russes, en se focalisant sur l’entrée dans la sexualité, dans la conjugalité, et dans la maternité. Des entretiens ont été menés à Moscou ou à Saint-Pétersbourg avec des femmes (N=32) et des hommes (N=12). Les personnes interrogées sont majoritairement diplômées, entrées dans l’âge adulte avant et après la perestroïka (entre les années 1970 et 2010), et parmi elles les parcours atypiques (avec un premier enfant tardif ; sans enfants ; homo- et bisexuels) sont surreprésentés. Par ailleurs, deux corpus de presse ont été analysés (articles et rubriques relatives au courrier du lectorat d’une part dans un magazine soviétique de vulgarisation médicale, d’autre part, dans un magazine post-soviétique pour adolescent·e·s). D’une génération à l’autre, la transition du socialisme d’État au capitalisme s’est accompagnée de nouvelles possibilités et contraintes, et les évolutions de l’encadrement politique de la contraception et de l’avortement depuis les années 1970 font émerger des modèles inédits pour le gouvernement de soi dans le domaine procréatif. L’âge moyen de la première maternité a reculé, et les normes (notamment de genre et d’âge) qui prévalent lors des débuts sexuels et amoureux se sont largement recomposées ; la diffusion inédite de méthodes de contraception technologiques (préservatif surtout, pilule dans une moindre mesure) a joué un rôle-clé dans ces évolutions. Une analyse des socialisations genrées à la sexualité et au contrôle des naissances (en famille, à l’école, entre pairs, par les médias, notamment) est menée pour chacune des deux générations. À une génération de femmes qui avait un premier enfant pendant les études, ou très rapidement après, succède en Russie post-soviétique, dans les grandes villes, une génération qui fait l’expérience d’une « jeunesse sexuelle » inédite. Par là, on entend une période de la vie légitimement dédiée à des relations (hétéro)sexuelles idéalement protégées, dans le cadre d’un ou de plusieurs couple(s) successif(s), cohabitant(s) ou non, possiblement sans perspective de mariage ni de maternité. Mais la montée en puissance d’un tel idéal de maîtrise de la fécondité en début de vie sexuelle n’implique pas nécessairement que la naissance du premier enfant soit vécue sur le registre du projet conjugal concerté et soigneusement planifié. Plus les jeunes femmes avancent dans la vingtaine, plus elles sont assignées au sérieux conjugal, et plus, dès lors qu’elles sont en couple hétérosexuel stable, une injonction à la maternité précoce peut entrer en contradiction avec l’idéal de maîtrise du risque de grossesse. Il est alors banalisé – voire valorisé – de glisser tacitement d’une sexualité contraceptée à une sexualité potentiellement féconde, et de vivre la naissance de son premier enfant sur le registre du destin maternel et de l’abnégation
This study addresses, from a sociological and sociohistorical point of view, the transitions to adulthood of two generations of Russian women by focusing on their entry into sexuality, into conjugality and into motherhood. Interviews were held in Moscow and in Saint Petersburg with women (N=32) and men (N=12). A majority of respondents are highly educated and reached adulthood before and after Perestroika (between the 1970s and the 2010s). Atypical life course experiences are overrepresented among them (having a late first child, not having children, homo- and bisexual life courses). In addition, two series of press articles were analyzed (articles and features devoted to readers’ letters from both a Soviet popular medical magazine, and a post-Soviet teenage magazine).From one generation to the next, the transition from State Socialism to capitalism has brought new opportunities and constraints, while developments in the way contraception and abortion have been managed by the authorities since the 1970s have led to the emergence of new models of self-government, regarding fertility control. The average age at entry into motherhood has risen and the norms (in particular those related to gender and age) that prevail in early stages of sexual and love trajectories have been largely reshaped. The unprecedented diffusion of technological contraceptive methods (especially condoms and, to a lesser extent, the pill) has played a key role in those developments.An analysis of gendered socialization with respect to sexuality and birth control (for instance in the family, at school, among peers or via the media) is conducted for each of these two generations. The generation of women who had a first child while being students in higher education, or very quickly afterwards, was followed, in the large cities of post-Soviet Russia, by a generation who experienced an unprecedented “sexual youth”. This term is understood as a life stage that is legitimately devoted to ideally protected (hetero)sexual relationships, within one or several successive relationship(s), cohabiting or not, possibly with no prospect of marriage or childbearing. However, the increasing importance of this ideal of fertility control in early sexual life does not necessarily signify that the first birth is experienced as a concerted and carefully planned conjugal project. Young women advancing through their twenties are increasingly exhorted to take their conjugal life seriously, and once they are in a stable heterosexual couple, injunctions to early motherhood may conflict all the more strongly with the ideal of avoiding pregnancy. As a consequence, it tends to be common – or even valued – to tacitly shift from a sexuality involving contraception to a potentially fertile sexuality, and to experience the first birth as one’s inevitable maternal destiny and as a form of self-sacrifice

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5

Kobela, Emmanuel Alain. "L'impact des projets de développement sur la qualité de vie des femmes : l'exemple du PRODALKA au Tchad." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0027/document.

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La présente recherche développe une double démarche : l’analyse des effets de la globalisation du genre par des politiques qui se veulent universelles en s’imposant à différent-e-s acteurs/actrices et les réactions de ceux/celles-ci, particulièrement celles des organisations féminines locales, dans la façon d’adapter ou de se réapproprier ces prescriptions internationales. Il s’agit de rendre compte de la manière dont le genre en tant que catégorie d’intervention publique parvient à se déployer d’une part dans les programmes d’aide au développement des pays financeurs et d’autre part dans les pays du Sud. Une analyse multi-niveaux est donc menée, tant au niveau des politiques et programmes de la coopération allemande, que de l’état tchadien puis du PRODALKA. Des projets et politiques visant à l’empowerment économique et politique, mais aussi la lutte contre les violences faites aux femmes ou des réformes du code du statut personnel, sont-ils vraiment mis en oeuvre ? Peut-on repérer des effets du PRODALKA sur les conditions de vie des femmes mais aussi concernant leur reconnaissance par les hommes ? Pour répondre à ces questions, la recherche, à la fois qualitative et quantitative, s’appuie sur une enquête auprès de 310 femmes et sur une vingtaine d’entretiens formels et de plusieurs autres non formels auprès des personnes intéressées par cette thématique dans le cadre d’un programme bilatéral de développement économique tchado-allemand. La thèse montre que peu de progrès ont été rendus possibles par l’intervention du PRODALKA, bien que certaines femmes aient vu leurs conditions améliorées. En effet, les projets menés ont peu tenu compte des besoins des femmes ou des relations de genre à cause d’une posture de neutralité postulant que toute action menée dans la société profite à tous les groupes sociaux sans exclusive. Ils relevaient plutôt des actions de type « intégration des femmes dans le développement telles que celles qui étaient menées dans les années 1960 et ont été critiquées par l’approche « genre et développement » qui a proposé des outils théoriques et méthodologiques qui auraient pu éviter les erreurs commises
This research offers a dual approach: it offers firstly an analysis of the consequences of gender globalization, through the application of policies meant to be universal, which are imposed to different participants. This research also looks at the reactions of these participants, particularly local women’s organizations, and the ways in which they adapt or appropriate these international prescriptions. We mean to uncover how gender, as a specific category in the field of public intervention, spreads out, on the one hand, in development aid programs coming from funding countries, and, on the other hand, in developing countries. A multi-level analysis has thus been conducted, which looked at cooperation policies and programs supervised by Germany, at the application in chad and at the PRODALKA project. Are policies and projects aiming at economic and political empowerment or reforms of the code of personal status really being implemented? Can the impact of the PRODALKA project on the living conditions of women and their recognition by men really be measured? In order to answer these questions, this research, which is both qualitative and quantitative, relies on a survey conducted with 310 women and on a several formal interviews and several non-formal interviews with individuals involved with this topic, within the context of a bilateral program of economic development between Germany and chad. The thesis will show that not a lot of progress has been made by the PRODALKA project, although some women have witnessed an improvement of their conditions. Indeed, the projects carried out have not really taken into consideration women’s needs or gender relations because of a posture of neutrality which implies that any type of action carried out in society benefits all groups, without exceptions. Those projects consisted more in actions aimed at integrated women in development, such as those that were conducted in the 1960s. Those types of actions were criticized by the « gender and development » approach, which offer theoretical and methodological tools that could have been used to prevent some of the mistakes that were made

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6

Sizaire, Laure. "Des romances au-delà des frontières : la globalisation genrée du marché matrimonial : échanges intimes, expériences migratoires et réflexivités sur le genre dans les conjugalités franco-postsoviétiques (1990-2015)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSE2043.

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Cette thèse porte sur l’extension des aires de recrutement des conjoint·e·s au-delà des frontières et vise à mettre en lumière les transformations importantes qui touchent les unions transnationales depuis les années 1990. D’une part, il s’agit de comprendre les conditions sociologiques et historiques de l’augmentation de ces unions et, d’autre part, d’interroger leur caractère éminemment genré. Pour ce faire, la thèse se consacre à l’analyse des conjugalités franco-postsoviétiques et se déploie de manière kaléidoscopique : alliant méthodes qualitatives et quantitatives et naviguant entre différents sites d’enquête (Russie, Ukraine, Belarus, France), elle fait varier les échelles d’observation pour accéder aux logiques de la globalisation du marché matrimonial. La thèse restitue aussi un cheminement de recherche : elle passe ainsi par une analyse sociohistorique de régimes de genre situés produisant des masculinités et féminités (in)désirables, à une exploration ethnographique multisituée de l’entremise matrimoniale globalisée où ces projets de genre sont centraux, en passant par une étude quantitative des capitaux qui circulent et s’échangent sur le marché matrimonial globalisé. De là, la thèse plonge dans la complexité et l’épaisseur des parcours de vie en restituant en miroir les parcours de femmes postsoviétiques et d’hommes français engagé·e·s dans un mariage transnational. Si les premières donnent à voir des projets où s’entremêlent le matrimonial et le migratoire, les seconds sont avant tout dans une quête d’ascension sociale où le professionnel prime. De ces parcours parallèles surgissent néanmoins des points de rencontre : au cœur des interactions intimes, comprenant leur lot d’ajustements et de désajustements, émergent des réflexivités sur le genre produites à la fois dans l’expérience migratoire et par la conjugalité transnationale
This thesis focuses on the extension of spouses' recruitment areas beyond borders and aims to shed light on the important transformations that have affected transnational unions since the 1990s. On the one hand, it intends to understand the sociological and historical conditions of the increase of these unions and, on the other hand, to question their eminently gendered character. To do this, the thesis is devoted to the analysis of French-Post-Soviet conjugality and unfolds in a kaleidoscopic way: combining qualitative and quantitative methods and navigating between different fieldworks (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, France), it varies the scales of observation in order to access the dynamics of the globalization of the marriage market. The thesis also presents a research path: it moves from a socio-historical analysis of situated gender regimes producing (in)desirable masculinities and femininities, to a multi-sited ethnography of global matrimonial matchmaking where these gender projects are central, through a quantitative study of the capitals that circulate and are exchanged on the globalized matrimonial market. From there, the thesis dives into the complexity and thickness of life-courses by mirroring the paths of post-Soviet women and French men engaged in a transnational marriage. If the first ones testify to projects where matrimonial and migratory aspects are intertwined, the second ones are above all in a quest for social ascension where the professional aspect prevails. From these parallel life-courses, however, points of encounter emerge: at the heart of intimate interactions, with their share of adjustments and maladjustment, emerge reflexivities on gender produced both by the migratory experience and by transnational conjugality

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7

Pirrello-Parnot, Laëtitia. "Etude de l'insatisfaction corporelle et du projet d'enfant chez les couples infertiles consultant en centre de procréation médicalement assistée." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENH029/document.

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Vouloir un enfant et de pas parvenir à en concevoir peut constituer pour le couple qui consulte en centre de procréation médicalement assistée (PMA) une véritable épreuve assimilable à une crise de vie voire même à un deuil, celui notamment de la fertilité naturelle. Selon que l'on soit une femme ou un homme, le vécu peut différer. La prise en charge en centre de PMA peut s'accompagner de sentiments ambivalents. Le couple peut débuter les tentatives avec beaucoup d'espoir puis, lorsqu'ils ne sont pas satisfaits, passer par des phases plus négatives. Des tensions peuvent apparaître dans la relation de couple, affectant la communication et le vécu individuel. Certaines études se sont intéressées au vécu de ceux qui consultaient en centre de PMA mais rares sont finalement celles qui, en France, ont sondé leur projet d'enfant de façon précise par le biais de questionnaires. Il en est de même pour leur vécu corporel qui semble souvent délaissé malgré l'impact que peuvent représenter l'infertilité et les traitements associés sur l'identité et l'image du corps, notamment, sur la satisfaction corporelle. Ce travail a donc eu pour objectif d'étudier de façon exploratoire le projet d'enfant ainsi que le vécu corporel des couples consultant en centre de PMA au moyen d'outils complets et récemment soumis à validation. Les individus (N=102, moyenne d'âge=36 ans) ont été rencontrés dans trois centres de PMA (Hôpital Jean Verdier de Bondy, Hôpital Bèclère de Clamart et Hôpital Pellegrin de Bordeaux) et invités à remplir les questionnaires qui leur ont été fournis. Certains couples ont aussi été observés et écoutés lors de leur entretien avec le psychologue de la structure afin de compléter les résultats issus des questionnaires. Ces résultats ont été comparés avec ceux du groupe témoin. Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent qu'il existe des différences de vécu en fonction du genre mais aussi entre le groupe clinique et le groupe contrôle. On note, par exemple, que les individus consultant en centre de PMA sont plus satisfaits de leur apparence corporelle que la population témoin, ce qui va à l'encontre des résultats attendus. Cette étude exploratoire a soulevé de nombreuses questions et montre l'intérêt qu'il y a à s'intéresser au vécu corporel et au projet d'enfant des couples consultant en centre de PMA. Elle offre des perspectives non seulement cliniques mais aussi préventives ainsi que pour des recherches futures en ce qui concerne la problématique infertile
To will a child without success to get it is a difficult step for couple who consult in Medically Assisted Procreation (MAP) center. This step can be comparable to crisis, or even bereavement, notably the natural fertility mourning. As we are a woman or a man, the personal experience can be different. Ambivalent feelings can come along the coverage of couple in MAP center. Couple can start attempt with lot of hope then, when they are not satisfied, go through negative one. Tensions can appear in the couple relationship, affecting communication and personal experience. Some studies were interested on personal experience of those who consult on MAP center, but French studies assessing child project through questionnaire are scarce. Studies of body dissatisfaction of these peoples are often unaccounted-for despite the involvement of infertility and associated treatment on identity and body dissatisfaction. This work aimed to study, in an exploratory way, child project and physical personal experience of couple consulting in MAP center, through comprehensive and validated tools. Subjects (N=102, M age=36 y.o.) have been chosen in 3 MAP centers (Hospital Jean Verdier at Bondy, Hospital Bèclère at Clamart and Hospital Pellegrin at Bordeaux) and were invited to fill out questionnaires. To complete questionnaires results, some couples have been observed during interview with the psychologist from the hospital. These results have been compared with those from the control group. Results suggest there is a different personal experience according to the gender but also between control group and clinical one. Notably, couples consulting in AMP center are more satisfied of their body appearance than the control group, which is in opposite of expected results. This exploratory study raised numerous questions and shows the interest to study physical personal experience and the child project of couple consulting in AMP center. It gives clinical and precautionary measure prospects as well as future research on infertile problems

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8

Booth, Sylvia Maria. "Le genre, le pouvoir et les idéologies : la construction de la citoyenneté des femmes leader à Pinotepa National et le projet Generosidad (Banque Mondiale/INMUJERES) au Mexique." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030204.

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Dans cette thèse, nous avons participé au débat autour de la stratégie des féministes institutionnelles d'intégration du genre dans le milieu du développement international. Cette stratégie vise la transformation des discours et des pratiques de ce milieu pour y intégrer les questions d'équité de genre. Nous nous sommes posé la question de l'efficacité et la validité de cette stratégie comme façon de travailler pour l'égalité homme-femme. Ainsi, nous avons analysé la construction, appropriation locale et effets d'un projet "genre" de la Banque Mondiale. Lors de la planification et mise en œuvre du projet Generosidad, les féministes institutionnels/elles ont eu une marge de manœuvre par rapport à la construction du discours de perspective de genre et ont pu s'assurer que les programmes du projet soutenaient la démocratisation des relations homme-femme dans les milieux privés et publics. Au niveau local, dans la ville de Pinotepa Nacional, les réactions des leaders qui ont participé à un atelier de sensibilisation en équité de genre du projet démontrent que, -même dans un milieu où il y a un fort machisme, beaucoup de violence, et des rôles de genre bien définis-les leaders locaux se sont appropriés certaines idées des ateliers pour démocratiser les relations de pouvoir. Ils sont ainsi devenus des acteurs dans la construction de la perspective de genre de ce projet, et dans le renforcement de la citoyenneté féminine locale. Nous avons donc conclu que la stratégie des féministes institutionnelles est valide, utile et nécessaire, mais insuffisante vu les résistances rencontrés par les leaders au moment d'essayer d'entamer des actions collectives
This study aims to contribute to the debate surrounding the institutional feminist strategy of integrating gender into the development field. This strategy advocates the transformation of development discourse and practice through the integration of gender equality concerns. In this work, we examine the effectiveness and validity of this strategy as a means to achieve greater equality between men and women. Thus, we have analyzed the construction, the appropriation and the effects at the local level of a World Bank “gender” project. Institutional feminists involved in planning and implementing the Generosidad project had some flexibility in constructing the project's gender perspective discourse; and were thus able to make sure its programs followed feminist objectives, such as the democratization of gender relations in public and private spheres. The reactions of leaders at the local level who participated in a gender equality and leadership awareness-raising workshop in the city of Pinotepa Nacional show that –even in a context fraught with machismo, violence and well-defined gender roles –local men and women leaders appropriated certain ideas in order to democratize the balance of power between the genders. In so doing, they became actors in the construction of the project's gender perspective, and in reinforcing women's citizenship. We therefore concluded that the institutional feminist strategy is valid, useful and necessary, if not sufficient due to the fact that resistances encountered locally blocked the leaders' efforts for collective action

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9

Gourvennec, Ludovic. "Pour une théorisation des utilisations de la chanson en classe de langue : genres, contextes et publics : contribution à une définition de la chanson en tant que genre et perspectives méthodologiques." Thesis, Dijon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DIJOL032.

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Cette thèse a pour objectif général de proposer une approche renouvelée de l'exploitation méthodologique de la chanson en classe de langue. Elle propose d'abord une définition théorique du genre de discours "chanson" (et notamment son ancrage dans la complexité du rapport création / production / diffusion / réception qui le définit). Cette démarche définitoire conduit à considérer un hypergenre (la chanson), décliné en trois genres de discours (la chanson interprétée version studio, la chanson représentée version en concert, la chanson illustrée version clip vidéo), chacun ayant ses spécificités génériques. Elle étudie ensuite l'inscription de ce genre dans la problématique méthodologique, en particulier telle qu'elle est présentée dans le CECRL. A la lumière d'une lecture critique des nombreuses contributions publiées depuis une quarantaine d'années et de témoignages d'enseignants, elle envisage quels objectifs l'enseignement/apprentissage peut viser par l'utilisation de chansons, quelles compétences cette exploitation peut permettre d'acquérir (la compétence générique s'avérant centrale) et comment l'exploitation de la chanson peut répondre aux enjeux induits par la notion de "tâche" et celle de "séquence didactique". Elle présente enfin des options méthodologiques concrètes, articulées selon différentes cohérences séquentielles, dont celles basées sur la tâche ou définies par la pédagogie du projet
The general purpose of the thesis is to offer a renewed approach in the method of using songs in a language course. At first, the thesis gives a genral definition of the genre "song" (in particular its link with the complex chain creation / production / broadcast / reception which defines it). This defintion attempt leads up to the notion of a hyper genre (song), comprising three sub genres (studio recorded song, live song, illustrated song in a video clip), each one having its own generic specificity. The work then deals with the way this genre can be inscribed in the methodological questioning, in particular as it is presented in the CECRL.Through a critical reading of the numerous contributions published during the last forty years, the thesis presents which objectives the teaching/learning process can aim at through songs, which competences this pedagogy through songs allows to gain (as the generic competence appears to be central) and how it can constitute a means to tackles the specificities involved by the notions of "task" and "didactical sequence". Lastly, the thesis presents actual methodological options, in relation to the different sequence organisations, among which those based or defined by the pedagogy of project

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10

Vakily-Wagniart, Anne. "Le parcours artistique de Johann Christian Hallmann et le projet d'un théâtre impérial allemand : 1662-1704 : contribution à l'histoire du patriotisme littéraire silésien dans la seconde moitié du XVIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040115.

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Dernier auteur de l'école dramatique silésienne, J. Chr. Hallmann (1640 ?-1704 ?) est un témoin important de la fin du patriotisme littéraire silésien et de l'histoire du spectacle dans le Saint-Empire. Influencé par la culture catholique, Hallmann a essayé d'infléchir le théâtre silésien dans un sens pro-impérial. Son œuvre est portée par le projet poétique de créer un théâtre impérial allemand, projet auquel s'opposa la confessionnalisation de la culture allemande. Luthérien anti-calviniste et combattu pour des raisons idéologiques par ses compatriotes (Hoffmannswaldau, Lohenstein), Hallmann ne bénéficia pas non plus de soutien du côté catholique. Conçue comme un travail d'ensemble sur Hallmann, cette thèse repose sur un corpus complet de ses œuvres. Leur étude et celle du contexte historique et culturel ont servi à reconstituer le parcours artistique de Hallmann et sa position dans le champ littéraire silésien. Ses huit drames publiés ont ensuite fait l'objet d'analyses détaillées
The last author of the Silesian dramatic school, J. Chr. Hallmann (1640 ?-1704 ?) is an important witness of the late evolution of Silesian literary patriotism and of the history of drama in the Holy Roman Empire. Influenced by the catholic culture, Hallmann tried to bend Silesian theatre towards a more pro-imperial approach. His work is carried by the poetic project of creating an imperial German theatre ; a project that clashed with the confessionalism of German culture. Opposed for ideological reasons by Hoffmannswaldau and Lohenstein, the anti-Calvinist Lutheran Hallmann also failed to gain support from the Catholic side. Conceived as a comprehensive work on Hallmann, this thesis is founded on the complete texts of the author. The study of those works and of their historical and cultural context has allowed the re-building of the artistic journey of Hallmann and has placed him firmly in the Silesian literary field. His eight published plays have been then analysed in detail

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Radwan, Ahmad. "La didactique du français sur objectifs universitaires à la croisée des méthodes, entre la conception de manuels et l'élaboration de cours : vers une définition des principes méthodologiques." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC012.

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Devant des exigences universitaires, notamment méthodologiques, discursives, linguistiques et culturelles, étrangers et natifs sont concernés proportionnellement par ces exigences. Pour le natif, la question sera posée en termes d’adaptation méthodologique et discursive à une institution supérieure au lycée au sein du même système éducative. Tandis que pour l’étranger, il sera question d’acculturation au système, aux discours et à la culture, universitaires d’un système et d’une langue différents des siens. Faire des études supérieures en langue étrangère dépasse les jeux de simulation et faire semblant, puisque les travaux rendus feront l’objet d’une notation et d’évaluation qui conditionne la réussite ou qui causent l’échec. L’étudiant est amené à maitriser différents genres de discours par lesquels il apprend et il est évalué. Le but est de former les étudiants aux savoir-faire académiques que peuvent les aider à acquérir des savoirs spécialisés dans leurs disciplines. L’objectif est de créer chez les étudiants des habilités discursives qui leur permettront « d’intégrer différentes manières dont s’élabore et se transmet le savoir à l’université, et de déceler les spécificités des discours qu’ils fréquentent » (POLLET M-C., 2001, P : 32). Pour ce faire, des dispositifs ont été mis en œuvre comme le « tutorat » ou la « méthodologie du travail universitaire ». Mais, face aux flux des étudiants étrangers et la nécessité de répondre à leurs besoins universitaires, un nouveau concept est né, et petit à petit a commencé à gagner du terrain dans les milieux didactiques, c’est le FOU. Un programme de FOU consiste à explorer les pratiques langagières par lesquelles le savoir circule à l’université. Puis d’essayer d’établir une typologie de différents genres. Ensuite, de dégager des dimensions enseignables conçues sous le principe de la transversalité ou au contraire basée sur la spécificité des genres de chaque discipline
To academic requirements, including methodological, discursive, linguistic and cultural, foreign and native are affected proportionally by these requirements. For the native, the question will be asked in terms of methodological and discursive adaptation to a higher institution to school within the same educational system. Whereas abroad it will issue acculturation to the system, speech and culture, a university system and a different language of his own. Pursue higher education in a foreign language beyond the simulation games and pretend, as the work submitted will be subject to a rating and evaluation that determines the success or cause failure. The student must master different genres of speech by which he learns and is evaluated. The goal is to train students in academic skills that can help them acquire specialized knowledge in their disciplines. The aim is to create in students discursive skills that will enable them to "integrate different ways to develop and transmit knowledge to the university, and to identify specific speeches they attend" (MC POLLET . 2001, P: 32). To do this, devices have been implemented as "mentoring" or "methodology of academic work." But, facing the flow of foreign students and the need to meet their academic needs, a new concept was born, and gradually began to gain ground in educational circles, the frensh for academics purpose. A academic purpose program is to explore the language practices by which knowledge flows university. Then try to establish a typology of different genres. Then, to identify teachable dimensions designed under the principle of cross or otherwise based on the specific kinds of each discipline

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Schieber, Anne-Cécile. "Étude de la relation patient-médecin généraliste : quel éclairage sur les inégalités sociales de santé ? : analyse des données épidémiologiques et des productions interdisciplinaires issues du projet INTERMEDE." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2418/.

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Le travail de thèse vise à apporter des éléments de compréhension sur les mécanismes de communication dans la relation patient-médecin généraliste qui pourraient contribuer à la genèse d'inégalités sociales de santé. Il s'appuie sur les corpus qualitatif et quantitatif du projet INTERMEDE. Les analyses épidémiologiques mettent en évidence l'influence de la concordance/discordance de genre entre médecins et patients sur leur désaccord sur les conseils donnés pendant la consultation, et le rôle de la distance sociale perçue par le médecin sur le désaccord médecin-patient sur l'évaluation de la santé perçue du patient. L'analyse des productions interdisciplinaires a été conduite selon une méthodologie innovante inspirée du Delphi. Elle a abouti à la formulation d'un socle de connaissances et d'hypothèses partagées, en révélant les convergences des différentes approches disciplinaires
The work produced in this dissertation aims to understand mechanisms' communication at play during the interaction between a patient and his - or her - general practitioner (GP) which could contribute to social inequalities in health. It uses the qualitative and quantitative data of the project INTERMEDE. The epidemiological analysis reveal the influence of the gender concordance/discordance between patients and GPs on their disagreement on the advice given during the consultation, and the role played by a social distance perceived by the physician on their disagreement on patients' perceived health status. The interdisciplinary analysis have been conducted within an innovate methodology inspired from the Delphi technique. It led to a core of shared knowledge, revealing the convergence of different disciplinary approaches

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Lévy, Florence. "Entre contraintes et interstices, l'évolution des projets migratoires dans l'espace transnational : une ethnographie des migrants de Chine du Nord à Paris." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0060.

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Les Chinois du Nord arrivés à Paris à la fin des années 1990 présentent des caractéristiques atypiques et se démarquent du profil « classique » des migrants économiques comme de celui des Chinois du Sud, majoritaires en France. Ces urbains quadragénaires -dont 70 % sont des femmes, surtout divorcées - ont quitté le pays où ils étaient en passe de perdre leurs statuts favorisés en tant qu'employés et cadres des entreprises d'Etat ou entrepreneurs. A travers les récits de vie recueillis au cours d'un terrain ethnographique mené en France et en Chine sur une période de dix années de 2004 à 2014, ce travail retrace leurs parcours bien avant leur départ et analyse leurs raisons de migrer temporairement et de manière isolée. Le suivi des modifications de leurs projets migratoires sous-tend l'analyse et permet de tenir compte des différents niveaux de tensions provenant des contraintes macro et méso structurelles liées aux réformes en Chine puis à leur statut de migrants allophones sans-papiers en France, comme des attentes familiales ou individuelles. En France, leurs parcours professionnels et sociaux dans le sas d'entrée offert par les réseaux sinophones soulignent les tensions entre migrants chinois. Les processus de différenciation et de relégation qui sont à l'origine de leur insertion au plus bas des hiérarchies sociales propres à ces réseaux, amènent à interroger l'idée de communauté chinoise à Paris et de diaspora. Les dynamiques de pouvoir, de structuration des groupes en migration et les effets d'exclusion provenant des structures légales françaises, articulent les processus de déqualification et d'assignation à des critères de genre et sont à l'origine d'un renversement des hiérarchies sociales en migration. Les parcours se caractérisent par une division sexuelle du travail mais également des tactiques de débrouillardise lorsqu'ils investissent les marges de la société française. L'apprentissage de nouvelles normes de genre, propres aux réseaux chinois et à la société française, amène en particulier les femmes vers les emplois du care (domesticité, prostitution), ou le mariage avec un homme local. Malgré une mobilité sociale limitée, la construction d'identités transnationales leur permet de résister aux différents types de déclassement à la fois en Chine et en migration et témoigne de leurs capacités d'agency
There has been a new wave of Chines arrivals since the end of the 1990s in France. These migrants are different from the typical figure of economic migrants and the majority of Chinese already settled in France. Most are middle-aged city dwellers who used to belong to middle stratum of rather privileged state enterprise employees and entrepreneurs in northern China. A majority (70%) is female, mostly divorced. They had to leave China as their privileged social status came under threat by the new elite supported by the government. Based on a longitudinal ethnographic work in France and in China, this study traces these migrants' trajectories long before their departure and analyses their motivations for leaving China temporarily. Focusing on the shifting of their migration projects provides an insight into the ways they handle tensions and adapt to macro and meso structural constraints either those resulting from economic reforms in China or from their irregular status in France. In the process they do not give up their individual or family expectations. In France, their social and professional careers reflect the tensions among Mandarin speakers' networks. Processes of marginalization and othering lead to their integration at the very bottom of these networks' social hierarchies. This situation raises question about the existence of a Parisian 'Chinese community' and 'Chinese diaspora'. Power relations and groups' dynamics in the migration context and dynamics of exclusion resulting from French legislation, give rise to two cumulative processes leading to a sharp reversal of previous hierarchies : deskilling and ascription of gendered stereotypes to migrants. Indeed, migrants' trajectories reveal a drastic sexual division of labour but also in the same time resourceful tactics with which they invest margins of French society. They have to adapt to new gender norms, both among the Mandarin speakers networks and in the French society. Women have hardly other alternative but to work in the domestic sector and some of them turn to prostitution or marry a local. In spite of their limited social mobility they find resource in a transnational social field. It helps them resist different forms of downward social mobility, either in China or in migration. The construction of strategic multi-positionality attests to the agency of North Chinese migrants in Paris

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Halsey, Sandra Patricia. "Genre in first year composition: The missing link to transferability?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2530.

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This thesis suggests the incorporation of "Genre Theory" into First Year Composition (FYC) at California State University (CSUSB) as a means of alleviating the lack of transfer of what is learned in FYC to other university writing. In examing the feasibility of that incorporation, it takes into consideration the demands made on the FYC course across universities and specifically at CSUSB.

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Sumun, Faizal. "Chemiluminescent gene probes." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.352945.

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Yoon, Hae-Lim. "A genre-based reading process in English as a foreign language reading instruction." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1360.

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Coverley, Merlin. "The London project : towards a new genre of London writing." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.667780.

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JucÃ, DamiÃo Carlos Nobre. "A organizaÃÃo retÃrico-argumentativa da seÃÃo de justificativa no gÃnero textual projeto de dissertaÃÃo." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3176.

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nÃo hÃ
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico
Nesta pesquisa, investigamos a organizaÃÃo retÃrico-argumentativa de seÃÃes de justificativa de projetos de dissertaÃÃo da Ãrea de LingÃÃstica, qualificados por alunos de dois programas de pÃs-graduaÃÃo da cidade de Fortaleza. Analisamos a organizaÃÃo retÃrica das seÃÃes de justificativa, tomando como base as concepÃÃes de anÃlise de gÃneros textuais propostas por Swales (1990, 1992, 1998). Para descrever a arquitetura argumentativa dessa peÃa genÃrica, nos baseamos nas concepÃÃes de seqÃÃncias textuais propostas por Adam (1992). Em primeiro lugar, segmentamos todos os exemplares do corpus em unidades retÃricas e definimos um padrÃo de distribuiÃÃo de informaÃÃes, em seguida, segmentamos este mesmo corpus em seqÃÃncias textuais e, finalmente, procuramos relaÃÃes entre as unidades retÃricas e as seqÃÃncias textuais identificadas. Esta investigaÃÃo cientÃfica nos permitiu constatar que as seÃÃes de justificativa possuem uma organizaÃÃo retÃrica relativamente homogÃnea e que a seqÃÃncia textual dominante em seus textos Ã sempre a argumentativa, ainda que vÃrias outras seqÃÃncias ocorram como inseridas e tenham papÃis importantes na realizaÃÃo de algumas das unidades retÃricas prototÃpicas da peÃa genÃrica seÃÃo de justificativa de projeto de dissertaÃÃo.
This research aims at investigating the rhetoric-argumentative organization of justification sections of thesis projects on Linguistics, qualified by students of two graduate programs in Fortaleza. The rhetoric organization of the justification sections, were analyzed according to Swalesâ genre analysis conception (1990, 1992, 1998). Adamâs concept of text sequence (1992) was the basis for the description of the argumentative structure of this type of genre. First, all the exemplars in the corpus were segmented into rhetoric units and an information distribution pattern was defined. Next, the same corpus was segmented into textual sequences and, finally, a relationship between the rhetoric units and the textual sequences identified was established. Through this investigation it was noticed that the justification section have a rhetoric organization relatively homogeneous and the dominant textual sequence in these texts is always argumentative, although several other sequences occur within the argumentative and play important roles in the realization of some rhetoric units which are prototypical of the generic piece justification section of thesis projects.

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Rogers, Jacqueline Rhoda. "Multidisciplined individuals : defining the genre." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/285.

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Much of literature is predicated upon the assumption that learning occurring inside the workplace is related to developing expertise associated with the tasks for which the individual is employed and has a background in. This research investigates those individuals who acquire expertise in other disciplines and how the application of that additional expertise changes and enhances the individual and the organisation. By combining perspectives across the disciplinary boundaries and developing multidisciplinary expertise, these individuals demonstrate better methods of achieving business objectives, leading to faster, more imaginative solutions, more frequently, and with significantly less effort. The literature review commenced with defining “multidisciplinary” before addressing communities that cluster around disciplines such as professional societies and Communities of Practice, Aspects of organisational, team and “learning by participation” (Ashton, 2004) literature were also considered. The study took an inductive approach using an ethnographical perspective to data collection and analysis to achieve its aim of determining the existence of multidisciplined individuals and how they acquire additional disciplines. The study used interviewing as its primary method yielding both qualitative and quantitative data from a cross sectional sample set inside a medium sized oil and gas consultancy offering technical and management advice. The disciplines inside the case organisation were mapped to ascertain boundaries where the richest learning opportunities lie. Measuring learning across the disciplines confirmed the existence of multidisciplined individuals with evidence pointing towards the integrated multidisciplined team being the ideal learning environment. The study was able to use Threshold Concepts (Meyer and Land, 2003) to demonstrate the multidisciplinary individual development process. Moreover, having examined the social interaction learning processes the potential negative impacts of Communities of Practice in encouraging this type of multidiscipline approach was highlighted. The study concluded that developing multidisciplined individuals was worthwhile but required organisations to be willing to provide the appropriate platform for such learning by more adventurous individuals who held the appropriate underlying abilities required by the additional discipline (s).

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Arellano, Socorro. "Using Project GLAD strategies in the teaching of literacy genres to second grade bilingual students." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2997.

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The project provides second grade teachers at the Perris Elementary School District with teaching approaches, tools, and strategies that have been proven to increase comprehension skills in English language learners (ELL) when teaching literary genres. Project GLAD (Guided Language Acquisition Design) offers an alternative curriculum to the scripted curriculum as required by the No Child Left Behind Act.

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Olsson, Daniel, and Alice Vahlén. "Explicit Writing Instruction : A Genre-based Analysis for Developing Scaffolding for Diploma Project Writing." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för kultur, språk och medier (KSM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-45622.

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With an increase of Swedish upper-secondary students’ motivation to enrol in university studies (Statistics Sweden, 2020a, 2020b), teachers must ensure that learners are adequately equipped to meet the expectations of higher education. However, in a national report, Skolinspektionen (2015) states many students fail to meet the standards of academic writing when undertaking the diploma project. To ensure learners become eligible for graduation and prepared for university studies, teachers need to be able to instruct pupils and to design effective scaffolding for diploma project writing. Therefore, the following study investigates the applicability of a genre-based model as atool for analysing relevant student-produced researchers papers written by EFL students, and to what extent the same genre-pedagogical analytical framework may be suitable as a tool for helping teachers to develop scaffolding for diploma projects written in English (and other languages). To address questions, a direct content analysis employing John Swales’ CARS model (1990) of rhetorical moves as a conceptual framework as a point of departure was performed on six EFL teacher-student research papers from the English and Education program for upper-secondary teachers of English at Malmö university. The analysis demonstrated that while several moves were executed in the pre-service teachers’ papers, some moves were absent. Additionally, several unconventional moves were identified, which can be attributed to the specific genres of the independent and degree projects. Hence, Swales’ CARS model is applicable for analysing student-produced research papers following the IMRAD structure. However, further investigation is encouraged into the genre-specific features of the student papers and the subsequent adaptation of the model to reflect the student-paper genre more closely. Consequently, to employ the model for designing scaffolding for diploma projects, teachers need to develop a critical understanding of moves employed within and across disciplines and teach them explicitly as part of pupils’ training and assessment in the writing process. Finally, further research targeting how teachers design and implement explicit genre-based writing scaffolding is called for.

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Rivera, Hector. "Cloning and immunogenicity of a Chlamydia Trachomatis 36 kilodalton recombinant gene product in Escherichia Coli." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/839.

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Burlaga, Christine Marie. "A contrastive approach to the thematic analysis of text and genre: An examination of lead news articles in Le Monde, Al-Ittihad, and The New York Times." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2578.

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This thesis examines thematization and patterns of thematic progression (TP) in French, Arabic, and English lead news articles. Similarities between French, Arabic, and English themic lead news stories at the clausal and textual levels suggest that there may be a fundamental principle underlying how the mind organizes language. The results may be applied to the creation of translation software that is faithful to source texts at the sentential and global levels or used in teaching in a second language classroom.

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Souza, Francisco Ernandes Braga de. "O ensino de língua portuguesa e os projetos de letramento: uma proposta de atividades com foco na questão alimentar a partir do gênero anúncio de campanha comunitária." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2017. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/9153.

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Submitted by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2017-07-27T13:06:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1873264 bytes, checksum: 024a56776ef4239657b507f3ee0ffbe7 (MD5)
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In recent years, the discussions about the development of literacy projects have expanded immensely. Those discussions contemplate concerning the contributions of the literacy projects, on behalf of reading activities and production of text contextualized and located with the students' reality. The present work has as general objective to introducer on the contributions of the projects of literacies for the teaching of Portuguese Language for the teaching of Portuguese Language in classroom of the 5th year of the Fundamental Teaching I, in a municipal school of the city of Itapissuma-PE. As specific objectives, we intend to: to reflect on the use of literacy projects, with the purpose of carrying out didactic activities engaged with the students' daily problems; propose the realization of a literacy project, focusing on the food problem, more specifically, in promoting healthy eating; propose a sequence of activities, aiming to work on reading practices, written and oral text production, using the announcement of community campaign. For accomplishment of those objectives, we anchored ourselves in the contributions of the research action, as well as in the literature review and in the application of a sequence of activities. The results demonstrate that the students' productions assisted to the constituent characteristics of the gender announcement of community campaign. Even with daily and simple resources (pens hydrographic, newspapers, magazines etc.), the students' productions got to reproduce differentiated characteristics of that discursive and textual gender. In that sense, this work articulated a literacy project and the subsidies of the gender community campaign announcement, causing a significant incentive to the political engagement and the students' participatory, in what concerns the context in that you/they live. It is with that glance that we considered the use of literacy projects in the teaching of Portuguese Language as something of extreme relevance, once it will motivate the student's potential in the involvement of his/her reality, aiming at the intervention and the transformation.
Nos últimos anos, as discussões a respeito do desenvolvimento de projetos de letramento ampliaram-se imensamente. Essas discussões refletem acerca dos contributos dos projetos de letramento, em prol de atividades de leitura e produção de texto contextualizadas e situadas com a realidade dos alunos. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo geral apresentar algumas contribuições dos projetos de letramentos para o ensino de Língua Portuguesa em sala de aula do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental I, em uma escola municipal da cidade de Itapissuma-PE. Como objetivos específicos, pretendemos: refletir sobre a utilização dos projetos de letramento, com a finalidade de realizar atividades didáticas engajadas com as problemáticas do cotidiano dos alunos; propor a realização de um projeto de letramento, com foco na problemática alimentar, mais especificamente, na promoção de uma alimentação saudável; propor uma sequência de atividades, almejando trabalhar práticas de leitura, produção de texto escrito e oral, recorrendo ao gênero anúncio de campanha comunitária. Para realização desses objetivos, ancoramo-nos nos aportes da pesquisa ação, bem como na revisão de literatura e na aplicação de uma sequência de atividades. Os resultados demonstraram que as produções dos alunos atenderam às características constitutivas do gênero anúncio de campanha comunitária. Mesmo com recursos cotidianos e simples (canetas hidrográficas, jornais, revistas etc.), as produções dos alunos conseguiram reproduzir diferenciadas características desse gênero discursivo e textual. Nesse sentido, este trabalho articulou um projeto de letramento e os subsídios do gênero anúncio de campanha comunitário, ocasionando um incentivo significativo ao engajamento político e participativo dos alunos, no que diz respeito ao contexto em que vivem. É com esse olhar que consideramos o uso de projetos de letramento no ensino de Língua Portuguesa como algo de extrema relevância, uma vez que vai incentivar o potencial do aluno no envolvimento de sua realidade, objetivando a intervenção e a transformação. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Língua Portuguesa. Letramento. Ensino. Projeto Didático.

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Warnier, Maxime. "Contribution de la linguistique de corpus à la constitution de langues contrôlées pour la rédaction technique : l'exemple des exigences de projets spatiaux." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20065/document.

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L'objectif de notre travail, qui émane d'une demande de la sous-direction Assurance Qualité du CNES (Centre National d'Études Spatiales), est d'augmenter la clarté des spécifications techniques rédigées par les ingénieurs préalablement à la réalisation de systèmes spatiaux. L'importance des spécifications (et en particulier des exigences qui les composent) pour la réussite des projets de grande envergure est en effet désormais largement reconnue, de même que les principaux problèmes liés à l'utilisation de la langue naturelle (ambiguïtés, flou, incomplétude) sont bien identifiés. Dès lors, de nombreuses solutions, plus ou moins formalisées, ont été proposées et développées pour limiter les risques d'interprétation erronée – dont les conséquences potentielles peuvent se révéler extrêmement coûteuses – lors de la rédaction des exigences.Nous voudrions définir une langue contrôlée pour la rédaction des exigences en français au CNES. L’originalité de notre démarche consiste à systématiquement vérifier nos hypothèses sur un corpus d’exigences (constitué à partir d’authentiques spécifications de projets spatiaux) à l’aide de techniques et d’outils de traitement automatique du langage existants, dans l’optique de proposer un ensemble cohérent de règles (nouvelles ou inspirées de règles plus anciennes) qui puissent ainsi être vérifiées semi-automatiquement lors de l’étape de spécification et qui soient conformes aux pratiques de rédaction des ingénieurs du CNES. Pour cela, nous nous appuyons notamment sur l’hypothèse de l’existence d’un genre textuel, que nous tentons de prouver par une analyse quantitative, ainsi que sur les notions de normalisation et normaison. Notre méthodologie combine les approches corpus-based et corpus-driven en tenant compte à la fois des règles imposées par deux autres langues contrôlées (dont l’adéquation avec des données réelles est discutée au travers d’une analyse plus qualitative) et des résultats offerts par des outils de text mining
The aim of this work is to improve the clarity and precision of the technical specifications written in French by the engineers at CNES (Centre National d’Études Spatiales / National Centre for Space Studies) prior to the realization of space systems. The importance of specifications (and particularly of the requirements that are part of them) for the success of large-scale projects is indeed widely acknowledged; similarly, the main risks associated with the use of natural language (ambiguity, vagueness, incompleteness) are relatively well identified.In this context, we would like to propose a solution that would be used by the engineers at CNES (who are currently not asked to follow specific writing rules): in that respect, we believe that this solution should be both effective (i.e. it should significantly limit the above-mentioned risks) and not too disruptive (which would make it counterproductive). A Controlled Natural Language (CNL) – i.e. a set of linguistic rules constraining the lexicon, the syntax and the semantics – seems to be an interesting option, provided that it remains close enough to natural language. Unfortunately, the CNLs for technical writing that we have examined are not always relevant from a linguistic point of view.Our methodology for developping a CNL for requirements writing in French at CNES relies on the hypothesis of the existence of a textual genre; besides, we make use of existing Natural Language Processing tools and methods to validate the relevance of the rules on a corpus of genuine requirements written for former projects

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Queiroz, Inti Anny. "Projeto cultural: as especificidades de um novo gênero do discurso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-30092014-183842/.

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As políticas públicas de cultura no Brasil bem como o surgimento de leis de incentivo fiscal geraram, nos últimos anos, novas possibilidades de viabilização da produção cultural, tornando-se assunto de grande relevância na construção social brasileira. Atualmente o principal enunciado utilizado para viabilizar ações culturais no Brasil é o projeto cultural, aliado às leis de incentivo à cultura, razão pela qual elaboramos a questão principal desta pesquisa: de que forma o gênero discursivo projeto cultural se constitui na esfera político-cultural brasileira? Para responder essa pergunta, defendemos a perspectiva de que os projetos culturais são constituídos e constituem a esfera político-cultural no Brasil. O corpus principal da pesquisa é formado por nove projetos culturais aprovados nas leis de incentivo nos últimos anos. Observaremos ainda as leis de incentivo à cultura e os editais de cultura em três âmbitos públicos: o federal, o estadual e o municipal. Por meio de uma análise metalinguística bakhtiniana, observaremos como estes enunciados operam na esfera político-cultural brasileira e como o gênero do discurso projeto cultural se relaciona a outros enunciados, inclusive aqueles de outras esferas ideológicas. O fundamento da pesquisa está nos conceitos teóricos do Círculo de Bakhtin - relações dialógicas, esfera, forma arquitetônica, autoria, signo ideológico, cultura e principalmente gênero do discurso auxiliados pela reflexão de Bourdieu, Geertz, Gramsci, Hobsbawm, Ortiz, Chauí e Coelho a respeito da relação entre Estado e cultura. A análise dos aspectos composicionais, temáticos e estilísticos comprovou a relativa estabilidade do gênero projeto cultural que reflete e refrata as influências dos discursos das esferas cultural, política, econômica, estatal, legislativa, corporativa, publicitária, midiática e artística, que, em seu conjunto, formam a esfera político-cultural brasileira na atualidade
In recent years, Brazilian public cultural policies and the emergence of fiscal incentive laws generated new alternatives for cultural production, becoming a subject of great relevance in Brazilian social construct. The main utterance currently used to facilitate cultural activities in Brazil is the cultural project which, combined with cultural incentive laws, is the reason why we elaborate the main issue for this research: in what ways does the \"cultural project\" speech genre constitute the Brazilian political culture sphere? To answer this question, we uphold the perspective of cultural projects as constituting and being constituted by the political and cultural sphere in Brazil. The main research corpus is composed of nine projects approved by cultural incentive laws in recent years; we will also investigate the cultural incentive laws and cultural public edicts at three levels: federal, state and municipal. Using Bakhtin\'s metalinguistic analysis, we look into how these utterances operate in the Brazilian political cultural sphere and how the cultural project discourse genre relates to other utterances, those of other ideological spheres included. The theoretical concepts of Bakhtin\'s Circle act as philosophical basis for this research: dialogical relations, sphere, architectural form, authorship, ideological sign, culture, and especially genre of discourse, supported by the thoughts of Bourdieu, Geertz, Gramsci, Hobsbawm, Ortiz, Chauí, and Coelho on the relationship of state and culture. The analysis of compositional, thematic, and stylistic aspects proved the relative stability of the \"cultural project\" genre, reflecting and refracting the influences of discourses of other spheres: cultural, political, economic, state, legislative, corporate, advertising, mediatic, and artistic, all of which form, together, the Brazilian political cultural sphere today

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Jucá, Damião Carlos Nobre. "A organização retórico-argumentativa da seção de justificativa no gênero textual projeto de dissertação." http://www.teses.ufc.br, 2006. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/3586.

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JUCÁ, Damião Carlos Nobre. A organização retórico-argumentativa da seção de justificativa no gênero textual projeto de dissertação. 2006. 109f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Linguística) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza-CE, 2006.
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This research aims at investigating the rhetoric-argumentative organization of justification sections of thesis projects on Linguistics, qualified by students of two graduate programs in Fortaleza. The rhetoric organization of the justification sections, were analyzed according to Swales’ genre analysis conception (1990, 1992, 1998). Adam’s concept of text sequence (1992) was the basis for the description of the argumentative structure of this type of genre. First, all the exemplars in the corpus were segmented into rhetoric units and an information distribution pattern was defined. Next, the same corpus was segmented into textual sequences and, finally, a relationship between the rhetoric units and the textual sequences identified was established. Through this investigation it was noticed that the justification section have a rhetoric organization relatively homogeneous and the dominant textual sequence in these texts is always argumentative, although several other sequences occur within the argumentative and play important roles in the realization of some rhetoric units which are prototypical of the generic piece justification section of thesis projects.
Nesta pesquisa, investigamos a organização retórico-argumentativa de seções de justificativa de projetos de dissertação da área de Lingüística, qualificados por alunos de dois programas de pós-graduação da cidade de Fortaleza. Analisamos a organização retórica das seções de justificativa, tomando como base as concepções de análise de gêneros textuais propostas por Swales (1990, 1992, 1998). Para descrever a arquitetura argumentativa dessa peça genérica, nos baseamos nas concepções de seqüências textuais propostas por Adam (1992). Em primeiro lugar, segmentamos todos os exemplares do corpus em unidades retóricas e definimos um padrão de distribuição de informações, em seguida, segmentamos este mesmo corpus em seqüências textuais e, finalmente, procuramos relações entre as unidades retóricas e as seqüências textuais identificadas. Esta investigação científica nos permitiu constatar que as seções de justificativa possuem uma organização retórica relativamente homogênea e que a seqüência textual dominante em seus textos é sempre a argumentativa, ainda que várias outras seqüências ocorram como inseridas e tenham papéis importantes na realização de algumas das unidades retóricas prototípicas da peça genérica seção de justificativa de projeto de dissertação.

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Banér, Johan. "Genetic analyses using rolling circle or PCR amplified padlock probes /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3339.

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Ochocinska, Agata. "Synthesis towards 3-ribosyl amino acids, small gene probes." Thesis, University of Reading, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529972.

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Hirao, Akiko. "Binding a Universe: The Formation and Transmutations of the Best Japanese SF (Nenkan Nihon SF Kessakusen) Anthology Series." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20723.

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The annual science fiction anthology series The Best Japanese SF started publication in 2009 and showcases domestic writers old and new and from a wide range of publishing backgrounds. Although representative of the second golden era of Japanese science fiction in print in its diversity and with an emphasis on that year in science fiction, as the volumes progress the editors’ unspoken agenda has become more pronounced, which is to create a set of expectations for the genre and to uphold writers Project Itoh and EnJoe Toh as exemplary of this current golden era. This thesis analyzes the context of the anthology series’ publication, how the anthology is constructed, and these two writers’ contributions to the genre as integral to the anthologies and important to the younger generation of writers in the genre.

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Kalid, Lorena Lima. "“OFÍCIO DE SER GENTE”: O PROJETO INTELECTUAL DE VIVIANE MOSÉ COMO AFIRMAÇÃO DA VIDA." Instituto de Letras, 2015. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/27047.

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Анотація:

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CAPES
Este estudo é dedicado a realizar leituras dos discursos de Viviane Mosé, filósofa, poeta, psicóloga e psicanalista brasileira de presença frequente nos meios de comunicação. Buscamos refletir sobre as ideias que unem tais discursos, a que denominamos projeto afirmativo, tomando Mosé como uma crítica da cultura contemporânea. Para tanto, foi necessário recorrer às ideias de Friedrich Nietzsche, pensador em que Mosé admite haver buscado grande parte de suas referências, mas também aos contemporâneos Jacques Derrida, Ernest Becker, Stuart Hall, Joel Birman, Edward Said e outros, referências nossas para interpretar o projeto da pensadora. Construímos o estudo a partir de três aspectos centrais no pensamento de Mosé: a presença do tema do excesso como afirmação do devir e do caráter agônico da vida, em referência à doutrina nietzschiana da vontade de potência; a requisição do olhar fundador como necessidade para renovar o modelo de pensamento racional atual, insuficiente para lidar com a pluralidade do devir contemporâneo; e a centralidade da linguagem como principal estrato civilizatório a ser renovado, através do abalo à lógica excludente e dualista dos conceitos, bem como pela assunção do permanente caráter metafórico da palavra. A partir desse eixo temático, desenvolvemos reflexões sobre o suposto mal-estar em que se encontra o sujeito contemporâneo fragmentado em suas identidades, e sobre a necessidade de enfrentamento da questão através do caráter transformador da educação e das possibilidades artísticas da linguagem. Nesse sentido, buscamos nos discursos de Mosé (teóricos e poéticos) auxílio para refletir sobre o paradoxal processo de transformação de si no sujeito contemporâneo, ao passo que localizamos no papel do intelectual como um exilado, exercido por Mosé, sua estratégia pessoal de afirmação da vida.
This study is dedicated to perform readings of speeches from Viviane Mosé, philosopher, poet, Brazilian psychologist and psychoanalyst, with a frequent presence in the media. We reflect on the ideas that unite such speeches, that we call affirmative project, taking Mosé as a critic of contemporary culture. Therefore, it was necessary to resort to Friedrich Nietzsche's ideas, thinker admitted by Mosé of being a source of much of her references, but also to contemporary Jacques Derrida, Ernest Becker, Stuart Hall, Joel Birman, Edward Said and our others references to interpret her project. We built the study from three central aspects in the thought of Mosé: the presence of the theme of excess as an affirmation of the becoming and the agonizing character of life, in reference to Nietzsche's doctrine of the will to power; the founder look requisition as a need to renew the current rational thinking model, insufficient to deal with the plurality of contemporary becoming; and the centrality of language as the main civilizing stratum to be renovated, by shaking the exclusive and dualistic logic of concepts, as well as the assumption of permanent metaphorical character of the word. From this main theme, we developed reflections on the supposed malaise that is the contemporary subject fragmented in their identities, and the need to face the issue through the transforming character of education and artistic possibilities of language. In that sense, we seek in the speeches of Mosé (theoretical and poetic) an aid to reflect on the paradoxical process of transforming itself in the contemporary subject, while we locate in the role of the intellectual as an exile, exercised by Mosé, his personal strategy of life-affirming.

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Bezerra, Wagner da Silveira. "A mediação do consumo midiático no universo escolar: estudo de Caso do projeto gente." Universidade Federal Fluminense, 2015. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/3989.

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O problema central desta dissertação refere-se à necessidade de adaptação da comunidade escolar em face da necessária reconfiguração das estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem, a partir do uso das novas Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação (TICs) enquanto ferramentas pedagógicas nos ambientes escolares. O objetivo principal é analisar o processo de adaptabilidade de educandos e educadores frente a esse processo, por meio do estudo de caso do Projeto Ginásio Experimental de Novas Tecnologias (GENTE), desenvolvido na Escola Municipal André Urani, na Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo secundário é compreender como se dá a mediação do consumo de mídia em um ambiente em que o uso das TICs ganhou centralidade. Do ponto de vista teórico, pretende-se discutir aspectos das interconexões entre os campos da Comunicação e da Educação, a partir de referencial que tem como alicerce a produção de autores filiados aos estudos culturais, sobretudo os latino-americanos, em posição dialógica às teorias dos campos da Educação para a mídia, destacando-se a Educomunicação e a Mídia-Educação, bem como alguns pressupostos da chamada Educação para o Século XXI. Para o levantamento de dados valeu-se, primordialmente, da abordagem qualitativa, com uso de pesquisa exploratória, observação participativa e entrevistas em profundidade. A análise dos dados baseou-se na utilização da teoria do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) e do software desenvolvido para aplicação dessa técnica. Dentre os principais resultados alcançados, destaca-se a agregação de conhecimento científico que possa, de alguma forma, colaborar com as políticas públicas de Educação e com ações subsequentes do uso das TICs nos ambientes públicos escolares, por meio do relato de um caso real de empenho adaptativo coletivo para tornar o uso das novas tecnologias um aliado na missão de educar e preparar os alunos para a vida cidadã, sem perder de vista os novos desafios da Educação, como a promoção da autonomia e do protagonismo infantil e juvenil
The core problem of this work concerns the need to adapt the school community, due to the necessary reconfiguration of teaching and learning strategies from the use of new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as teaching tools in educational environments. The main objective is to analyze the adaptability process of learners and educators to this process through the case study of Project New Technologies Experimental Gymnasium (GENTE in portuguese), developed at André Urani Municipal School at Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro. The secondary objective is to understand how the mediation of media consumption occurs\happens on the environment in which the use of ICTs has gained centrality. From a theoretical point of view, we intend to discuss aspects of the interconnections between the fields of Communication and Education, from a reference that has as its foundation the production of authors affiliated with the well-known School of Latin American Cultural Studies, in dialogic position to theories of media education courses, highlighting Educational Communication and Media-education, as well as some assumptions of the so-called Education for the twenty-first century. For data collection a primarily qualitative approach was chosen, using exploratory research, participative\ interactiveobservation and in-depth interviews. Data analysis was based on the use of the Collective sSbject Discourse theory (DSC) and the software developed for the application of this technique. Among the main results that we sought to achieve, we can\should\must emphasize, adding scientific knowledge that can somehow work with public policies of education and subsequent actions of the use of ICTs in school public environments through the account of a real case of adaptive collective commitment to make the use of new technologies an ally in the mission of educating and preparing students for civic life, without losing sight of the new challenges ineducation, such as the promotion of autonomy and child and youth participation

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Carvalho, Aleise Guimarães. "O arrazoado por autoridade e a modalização discursiva: estratégias de argumentação no gênero projeto de pesquisa de TCC." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6475.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Considering that the argumentation is inherent to the language and, consequently, to the discourse, we aim in this investigation to describe and analyze the argument by authority, one of the forms of polyphony of speakers, and the discursive modal verbs functioning as argumentative strategies in the genre Research Project of TCC. This is a genre of academic circulation and objectives to introduce undergraduate students in the sphere of scientific research. As theoretical approach we used the postulations of Ducrot (1987; 1988; 1997); Koch (2011), Nascimento and Silva (2012), Cervoni (1989) and Castilho and Castilho (1993); Bakhtin (2010), among others. The analysis of argument by authority and the modalization in the referred genre happen not only by the recurrence of these strategies, but also because we aim to observe how these two phenomena occur, concurrently, from the citations, in direct and indirect style, indicating the argumentation in the statements. This is a descriptive and interpretativist study, which corpus is constituted by sixteen (16) Research Projects of TCC: eight (8) from the Course of Licenciatura em Letras and the other eight (8) from the Bachelor Course of Secretariado Executivo Bilíngue. This research showed, during the analyzed corpus, that there is no difference in the speaker‟s commitment responsible for the text (L1) in relation to the discourse presented on direct and indirect style, in the genre Research Project of TCC. Independent of the employed style, L1 compromises with the discourse of the other speakers by presenting them in the form of argument by authority. Furthermore, the arguments by authority appear in concomitance with three different types of modal verbs: asseveratives; almost-asseveratives; evaluatives, with which L1 places in different way before the discourse of other speakers. Further, we verified the occurrence of arguments introduced by no modal terms. In the face of these, L1 only get compromised, but do not get responsible by the discourse of the other, and neither judjes him. Based on these evidences, we could verify that the Research Project of TCC is a polyphonic genre, rich in argumentative strategies.
Considerando que a argumentatividade é inerente à língua e, consequentemente, ao discurso, objetivamos nesta investigação descrever e analisar o arrazoado por autoridade, uma das formas de polifonia de locutores, e os modalizadores discursivos funcionando como estratégias argumentativas no gênero Projeto de Pesquisa de TCC. Este é um gênero de circulação acadêmica e tem por finalidade introduzir os alunos graduandos na esfera da pesquisa científica. Como pressupostos teóricos, utilizamos os postulados de Ducrot (1987; 1988; 1997); Koch (2011), Nascimento e Silva (2012), Cervoni (1989) e Castilho e Castilho (2002); Bakhtin (2010), dentre outros. A análise do arrazoado por autoridade e da modalização no gênero em questão se dá não somente pela recorrência dessas estratégias, mas também porque objetivamos, entre outras coisas, observar como esses dois fenômenos ocorrem, concomitantemente, a partir das citações, em estilo direto e indireto, indicando argumentatividade nos enunciados. Este é um estudo de caráter descritivo e interpretativista, cujo corpus é constituído por dezesseis (16) Projetos de Pesquisa de TCC: oito (8) do curso de Licenciatura em Letras e os outros oito (8) do curso Bacharelado em Secretariado Executivo Bilíngue. Esta pesquisa mostrou, ao longo do corpus analisado, que não há diferença de comprometimento do locutor responsável pelo texto (L1) em relação ao discurso apresentado em estilo direto e indireto, no gênero Projeto de Pesquisa de TCC. Independente do estilo empregado, L1 se compromete com o discurso dos demais locutores por apresentá-los em forma de arrazoado por autoridade. Além disso, os arrazoados por autoridade aparecem em concomitância com três diferentes tipos de modalizadores: asseverativos; quase-asseverativos; avaliativos, com os quais L1 se posta de maneira diferente perante o discurso dos outros locutores. No mais, verificamos a ocorrência de arrazoados introduzidos por termos não modalizadores. Diante destes, L1 apenas se compromete, não se responsabiliza pelo discurso do outro, nem o julga. A partir destas constatações, pudemos verificar que o Projeto de Pesquisa de TCC é um gênero polifônico, rico em estratégias argumentativas.

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Glod, Frank. "PCR generated gene probes for cloning fungal polykeptide synthase genes associated with squalestatin biosynthesis." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268525.

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Niven, Debra L. "Fictive elements within the autobiographical project : necessary conflation of genres in Nightwood by Djuna Barnes /." Electronic version (PDF), 2007. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2007-1/nivend/debraniven.pdf.

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Damamme, Aurélie. "Le genre à l'épreuve du développement au Maroc : discours et pratiques concernant la place des femmes dans les projets." Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE1064.

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La thèse étudie les effets du développement sur les relations de genre au Maroc et analyse la place des femmes en tant que "cibles" et actrices des projets des associations, ONG et institutions internationales. L'étude de la construction du genre dans la vie politique, économique et sociale marocaine a permis de comprendre les cadres de mobilisation des femmes et de considérer les restrictions auxquelles elles se heurtent dans leurs actions publiques. La reconnaissance par les Nations Unies de l'égalité hommes-femmes a servi de levier pour les associations de défense des droits des femmes dans le pays. Cependant, les discours des organisations internationales de développement témoignent de la difficulté d'appréhender les relations hommes-femmes en termes de pouvoir. Ces même réticences s'observent dans les associations marocaines, qui adoptent en majorité l'approche d' "intégration des femmes dans le développement" à travers des petits projets locaux. Le foyer féminin constitue en général une voie privilégiée pour évoquer la place des femmes sans remettre en cause les rapports de genre. L' analyse de la place des femmes dans les projets économiques de développement montre que les activités génératrices de revenus favorisent davantage la création d'espaces d'expression des femmes que l'augmentation substantielle de leurs revenus. Néanmoins, certains projets, tels que le micro-crédit et les coopératives d'arganier, permettent une amélioration du niveau de vie. L'accès des femmes à une citoyenneté sociale et politique reste malgré tout limité
This thesis is analysing the consequences of development on gender relationships in Morocco. It is focused on the place of women as "targets" and actors in the projects of various associations and non governmental and international organizations. Studying gender relationships in the political, economical and social fields in Morocco has allowed us to understand better women's opportunities of action as well as their restrictive access to the public sphere. The recognition by the United Nations of the equality of men and women has served as a catalyst for women's rights defense associations in the country. Yet, the discourses of international organizations for development show the difficulty there is in grasping relationships between men and women in terms of power. The same reservations can be seen in Moroccan associations. Most of them favour small local projects to promote women's integration. Generally speaking, the female household is a priviledged path to evoke women's place in the community without endangering gender relations. The analysis of women's place in economical development projects reveals that "income generating activities" are more opportunities to create space for women's expression than opportunities to rise their income substantially. Nevertheless, some projects such as those maid in the micro finance field and in argan oil cooperative societies make a rising of the standard of living possible. All things considered, women's access to social and political citizenship remains limited

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PEREIRA, Glaydson de Jesus Cordovil. "Tem gente! Uma análise de projetos habitacionais do PAC em assentamentos informais no Pará." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/8602.

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Este trabalho faz uma abordagem sobre as contribuições e limitações do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento - PAC, na sua modalidade de Urbanização de Assentamentos Precários, para a produção de habitação de interesse social de iniciativa de outros níveis governamentais, a partir da observação de intervenções da primeira geração de contratos do Programa, em andamento no Estado do Pará. A pesquisa assume como áreas de estudo empreendimentos localizados na capital do Estado, Belém, e na cidade de Marabá, cidade média do sudeste paraense. Entende-se que as intervenções para provisão de habitação e infraestrutura em assentamentos informais comprometidas com a permanência da população beneficiada, representam uma mudança de paradigma, e devem ser consideradas como um avanço da ação oficial em todas as esferas de governo, traduzido atualmente na alocação de recursos federais para investimentos em habitação e infraestrutura, entre outras ações. Nesse sentido, considerando o PAC como um marco nesse percurso da condução das políticas urbanas brasileiras, o trabalho analisa de forma mais particular as intervenções contratadas na 1ª geração do Programa, a partir dos resultados alcançados até o momento pelos empreendimentos contratados pelo Governo do Estado do Pará no ano de 2007. A pesquisa bibliográfica aborda o processo de “destruição criativa” do modo de produção capitalista, analisando como esse processo se reflete na produção do espaço urbano, por meio da seleção de variáveis relevantes para essa produção. Também é feita uma contextualização sobre as ações de provisão oficial de habitação no Brasil e seus desdobramentos no Pará nas últimas décadas, uma abordagem conceitual sobre o PAC, apresentando como se dá a operação do Programa, por meio dos seus parâmetros normativos e quem são os seus atores, e é feita uma breve discussão sobre o processo de produção do espaço urbano das cidades paraenses e apresentadas as áreas de estudo. Foram realizados: pesquisa documental, levantamentos in loco, e entrevistas, com representantes de todas as esferas do setor público e com os moradores das áreas de estudo. Os resultados apontam que, apesar dos avanços ocorridos, as políticas urbanas brasileiras voltadas à produção habitacional e urbanização de assentamentos informais, segundo a diretriz atual, ainda carecem de aprimoramento das suas linhas de ação, visando o enfrentamento do passivo decorrente da ausência e/ ou insuficiência de planejamento e gestão urbana de Estados e Municípios durante o processo de urbanização brasileira, bem como alcançar a consolidação socioespacial dos assentamentos após a realização de intervenções.
This research approaches contributions and limitations of the Growth Acceleration Program - PAC, in its modality Urbanization of Precarious Settlements, for social housing production by other government levels, from the observation of interventions part of the first generation of Program’s contracts, underway in the state of Pará, focused on the areas of informal settlements, taking as areas of study investments in settlements located in the state capital, Belem, and the city of Maraba, Para southeastern medium size city. It is understood that interventions for housing and infrastructure provision in informal settlements compromised to the permanence of original inhabitants after their conclusion, represent a paradigm change, and must be considered as an advance of official action in all levels of government, at present translated through allocation of financial resources in housing and infrastructure, among other actions. In this sense, considering PAC as a milestone in this journey of implementing urban policies in Brazil, the study examines more particularly the interventions contracted in the 1st generation of the program, based on the results achieved so far by the projects contracted by the State Government of Pará in 2007. The literature review discusses the process of "creative destruction" of the capitalist mode of production, analyzing how this process is reflected in the production of urban space, through the selection of variables relevant to such production. In the sequence, the research contextualizes the actions on provision of housing in Brazil and its consequences in Pará in recent decades; a conceptual approach to PAC is presented, showing how the Program is operated through normative parameters and who are the actors in charge. A brief discussion of the process of production of urban space of cities in Pará taken as cases study areas is also presented. The empirical research was conducted through documentary research, on-site surveys, and interviews with representatives and technicians of all levels of government, and with the residents of the case study areas. The results show that, despite the progress made, the policies aimed at the Brazilian urban housing production and urbanization of informal settlements, the way they are designed, still need to improve their lines of action in order to face the liability resulting from the absence and/ or insufficiency of urban planning and management of states and municipalities during the process of urbanization in Brazil, as well as achieve socio spatial consolidation of settlements after cited interventions.

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Ragnarsson, Justus. "Evaluating asynchronous communication in distributed meetings : Using a project management tool in the Sprint retrospective." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-63696.

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Medeiros, Denise Dumke de. "Le projet de certification ISO 9002 : aide aux choix et caractérisation des différentes démarches." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0090.

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Le projet de certification iso 9002 peut representer un investissement lourd pour les entreprises, elle mobilise une grande partie du personnel pendant longtemps, elle est souvent exigee par des clients importants : l'enjeu de la certification est donc tres important pour les entreprises. La recherche presentee dans cette these a pour but, d'une part, de classer et de comparer : les objectifs reellement poursuivis a travers la certification iso, les differents types de systemes qualites existants, les differentes demarches adoptees par les entreprises, ainsi que les resultats obtenus par les entreprises apres l'obtention du certificat. Et d'autre part, de determiner s'il est possible de degager une demarche qui soit plus adaptee que les autres pour obtenir la certification, en fonction des resultats a atteindre apres la certification et de la situation initiale du systeme qualite de l'entreprise. La demarche adoptee dans ce travail de these a debute par une lecture de la documentation existante sur les differentes experiences. Ensuite, une etude qualitative a ete realisee par entretien dans les entreprises deja certifiees iso, pour recueillir plus d'information sur les demarches adoptees et les resultats obtenus par ces entreprises, ce qui a rendu possible de creer des criteres pour classer et comparer les demarches. Ensuite, un echantillon d'entreprises certifiees iso 9002 dans le departement de l'isere a ete constitue et consulte a travers une enquete quantitative par questionnaire. Les resultats de cette enquete ont permis de valider certaines hypotheses. Il a ete possible de caracteriser cinq types differents de systemes qualite preexistants dans les entreprises et de verifier que les resultats atteints apres la certification par les entreprises peuvent etre differents. Une typologie de la structure des demarches a ete aussi realisee, ce qui a permis de demontrer qu'il existe a ce jour, cinq manieres differentes de mener son projet de certification.

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Bartikoski, Fernanda Vanessa Machado. "Projeto didático de gênero: retomando práticas e avaliando." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2017. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/6089.

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O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar um Projeto Didático de Gênero (PDG) (GUIMARÃES; KERSCH, 2012, 2014, 2015), sob a perspectiva do trabalho de uma professora (BRONCKART, 2006; 2008; MACHADO, 2004; 2007), tendo como base seu trabalho (auto)prescrito e o real/concretizado (BRONCKART, 2006, GUIMARÃES, DREY e CARNIN, 2012). Para isso, recorremos ao banco de dados de projeto de formação continuada cooperativa, desenvolvido com apoio da CAPES, Programa Observatório da Educação, no período de 2011 a 2014. Analisamos o planejamento e interações ocorridas na sala de aula da professora Ana, regente de uma turma do 1.º ano do Ensino Fundamental e professora bolsista do referido projeto, no período em que desenvolveu um PDG sobre o gênero autorretrato. Elegemos como categorias de análise o que estamos chamando de pilares que sustentam a proposta do PDG - conceitos de linguagem como interação, gênero de texto, letramento e prática social, leitura e análise linguística. Para fins metodológicos, as dimensões do trabalho da professora foram examinadas separadamente e depois, comparadas para verificar as aproximações e os distanciamentos entre elas. A análise dos dados apontou que, em ambas as dimensões, foram encontradas os conceitos fundantes do PDG. Assim, por exemplo, o conceito de linguagem como interação pôde ser percebido desde o trabalho prescrito, no qual a professora já planejava situações de interação com seus alunos. Também no trabalho real/concretizado, momento em que a ação docente é constituída, chamou a atenção a constante prática do revozeamento (CONCEIÇÃO; GARCEZ, 2005), que pode ser considerada uma marca da linguagem entendida como interação. A realização desta dissertação permitiu verificar como se atualizaram, na prescrição e na prática, os principais pilares que sustentam um PDG. Da mesma forma, verificamos que a professora Ana conseguiu desenvolver com autonomia um PDG, o que deixou transparecer a sua capacidade de pilotar a sua sala de aula (BROCKART, 2006) e apontar sua atorialidade (ALMEIDA, 2015). Por fim, este estudo mostra a importância da participação ativa de professores em cursos de formação continuada, de forma que os docentes possam ressignificar suas práticas, como foi o caso da formação continuada cooperativa analisada.
The current study aims at analyzing a Genre Didactic Project (GUIMARÃES; KERSCH, 2012, 2014, 2015), under the perspective of a teacher’s work (BRONCKART, 2006; 2008; MACHADO, 2004; 2007), and its base is her (auto)prescribed work and the real/concrete work (BRONCKART, 2006, GUIMARÃES, DREY e CARNIN, 2012). In order to accomplish this research, we use the data of the project for a continued cooperative graduation, developed with the foundation of CAPES, Education Observatory Program, from 2011 to 2014. We analyze the planning and the interactions occurred in the classroom of teacher Ana, regent in a classroom of first year of elementary school and a scholar teacher of the same project, during the period in which the PDG was developed about the self-portrait genre. We selected as analytic categories what we call pillars that support the purpose of PDG – concepts of language as interaction, text genre, literacy and social practice, reading and linguistic analyses. For methodology purposes, the dimensions of the teacher’s work were examined separately and, afterwards compared, to verify the approaches and the detachments between them. The data analyses pointed that, in both the dimensions, were found the foundational concepts of PDG. Therefore, for instance, the concept of language as interaction could be noticed since the prescribed work, in which the teacher has already planned situations of interaction with her students. Likewise in the real/concrete work, moment in which the teaching action is constituted, the attention for a constant revoicing practice was important (CONCEIÇÃO; GARCEZ, 2005), that can be considered a characteristic of language understood as interaction. This dissertation allowed verifying how it was updated, in the prescription and in the practice, the main pillars that support a PDG. At the same time, we verify that teacher Ana achieve with autonomy a PDG, what made transparent her ability to conduct her class (BROCKART, 2006) and point her acting (ALMEIDA, 2015). Lastly, this study shows the importance of the active participation of teachers in the continuing education courses, in a manner that the teachers can re-signify their practices, as it was the case of the cooperative continuing graduation analyzed.

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Kershaw, David Michael. "Nanoparticle bound nucleic acid probes for DNA detection and gene inactivation." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7432/.

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In this project, a gold nanoparticle system has been developed that is able to detect SNP variations through a DNA based anthracene probe. A second probe is bound to the gold nanoparticle which allows the fluorescent output of the anthracene probe to be normalized. This allows the detection of SNP variations without the need for an initial reading, opening the possibility for using this system for cellular SNP identification. Through this work a new method for coating gold nanoparticles in oligonucleotides has been developed. In further work, the use of gold nanoparticles to deliver siRNA into cells and induce gene inactivation was investigated. Efforts to improve the knockdown efficiency of these siRNA-gold nanoparticles were made by integrating a second probe onto the nanoparticle surface, non-specific effects were observed upon addition of this second probe.

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Kabugo, Merit Ronald. "Participation and decision making in Luganda : an appraisal and genre-theoretic investigation of spoken discourse at community development project meetings." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79924.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: If they don’t come out clearly to show us the true picture of different areas, it means that some areas that do not get the weather forecast cannot profit from their farming activities. This pushes our country into more poverty. If an agency can be identified and charged with the responsibility to disseminate the forecast to the various parts of the country, it would greatly help the farmers and Uganda as a country to develop. These are the words of a participant at one of fifteen Ugandan farmer group meetings that were convened and asked to discuss a tape-recorded seasonal weather forecast, following their own rules of procedure. The audio recordings and transcriptions of these meetings, which are in Luganda, form the object of inquiry for this study. Using a multi-perspective approach to spoken discourse analysis, this study investigates manifestations and patterns of participation and decision-making as they emerge through evaluation and appraisal in the context of participatory community development processes. Taking the discourse of farmer group meetings as a genre of business meetings, where the public is included in decision-making interactions between government and citizens, the study invokes the appraisal theory, genre analysis theory, citizenship talk analysis model, and the business-meeting negotiation approach to explore how participants use Luganda to express assessment and make decisions during interactive discourse. The study identifies three main styles of making decisions, which demonstrate a culturally constructed concept of participation in Luganda. Whereas subtle decision-making involves spontaneous group positions that are not formally announced as a decision, explicit decision-making manifests positions that are overtly announced by a participant. Virtual decision-making involves intermittent moves towards a group position. While some meetings have moderators, several others have the role of moderator performed by various participants. Indeed, in several cases participants take turns to speak in a spontaneous way, without having to seek the permission of the moderator. Despite the difference in styles of decision-making, the overarching goal of participation in this genre of Luganda discourse is to reach consensus and to demonstrate a collective identity. This goal however does not take away the right and freedom of participants to reason critically, negotiate for a position, express conflict, and to question authority. This study breaks the ground for further research into areas of evaluation, intercultural communication, forensic linguistics, professional discourse, and other fields of applied linguistics in Ugandan languages, as well as in other African languages.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: As hulle nie duidelik na vore kom om aan ons die ware prentjie van verskillende gebiede te toon nie, beteken dit dat sommige gebiede wat nie die weervoorspelling kry nie, nie wins uit hulle landbou-aktiwiteite kan maak nie. Dit dompel ons land al meer in armoede. As ŉ agentskap geïdentifiseer kan word en met die verantwoordelikheid getaak kan word om die voorspelling na die verskillende dele van die land te versprei, sal dit die boere baie help en Uganda as ŉ land help ontwikkel. Dit is die woorde van ŉ deelnemer by een van vyftien vergaderings vir Ugandese boere wat byeengeroep is en gevra is om ŉ bandopname van seisoenale weervoorspelling te bespreek deur hulle eie reëls van prosedure te volg. Die bandopnames en transkripsies van hierdie vergaderings in Luganda was die navorsingsonderwerp vir hierdie studie. Met behulp van ŉ multiperspektiefbenadering tot gesproke diskoersanalise het hierdie studie manifestasies en patrone van deelname en besluitneming ondersoek soos dit deur evaluering en waardebepaling teen die agtergrond van deelnemende gemeenskapsontwikkelingsprosesse na vore gekom het. Met die diskoers van vergaderings deur boeregroepe as ŉ genre van sakevergaderings, waar die publiek by besluitnemingsinteraksies tussen regering en burgers ingesluit is, het hierdie studie sig op die teorie van waardebepaling, die teorie van genre-analise, die model vir die analise van burgerskapgesprekke, en die benadering tot sakevergadering-onderhandeling beroep om te verken hoe deelnemers Luganda gebruik om assessering uit te druk en gedurende interaktiewe diskoers besluite te neem. Die studie het drie belangrike besluitnemingstyle geïdentifiseer wat ŉ kultureel gekonstrueerde begrip van deelname in Luganda demonstreer. Terwyl subtiele besluitneming spontane groepsposisies behels wat nie formeel as ŉ besluit bekend gemaak word nie, gee eksplisiete besluitneming blyke van posisies wat op overte wyse deur ŉ deelnemer aangekondig word. Virtuele besluitneming behels intermitterende beweging in die rigting van ŉ groepsposisie. Terwyl sommige vergaderings moderators het, voer verskeie ander die rol van moderator deur verskillende deelnemers uit. Om die waarheid te sê, in etlike gevalle neem deelnemers beurte om op ŉ spontane wyse te praat, sonder om die toestemming van die moderator te verkry. Ondanks die verskil in besluitnemingstyle is die oorkoepelende doel van deelname in hierdie genre van Luganda-diskoers om konsensus te bereik en ŉ kollektiewe identiteit te toon. Hierdie doel neem egter nie die reg en vryheid van deelnemers om krities te redeneer, vir ŉ posisie te onderhandel, konflik uit te spreek, en gesag te bevraagteken weg nie. Hierdie studie baan die weg vir verdere navorsing ten opsigte van gebiede van evaluering, interkulturele kommunikasie, forensiese linguistiek, professionele diskoers, en ander gebiede van toegepaste linguistiek in Ugandese tale, asook in ander Afrikatale.
The Graduate School of the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at the University of Stellenbosch, the African Doctoral Academy (ADA), Makerere University, the French Institute for Research in Africa (IFRA), and the Center for Research on Environmental Decisions (CRED) at Columbia University

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Vergotine, Joseph Vincent. "The MED-PED project : presymptomatic diagnosis in families with disease- related LDL receptor gene mutations." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51997.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) contributes significantly to the high death rate from cardiovascular disease worldwide. FH is a common autosomal co-dominant disease characterised by raised cholesterol levels and premature coronary heart disease (CHD). Whilst these features usually are very prominent in homozygotes the clinical diagnosis of heterozygotes is complicated by variable phenotypic expression. Specific founder genes in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene have increased the prevalence of FH in South African Afrikaners, Indians, Jews and Coloureds, and screening for these known mutations allows unequivocal diagnosis of FH-affected individuals. The systematic molecular analysis of FH resulted in the identification of at least ten founder-type LDLR gene mutations among the 56 different gene defects described to date in the diverse South African population. DNA screening of 792 at-risk family members for the FH-related mutations identified in 379 index cases, allowed accurate disease diagnosis in an additional 340 relatives and exclusion of the relevant mutation in 452 individuals. This effort forms part of the MED PED FH initiative, a collaborative project to "Make Early Diagnosis and Prevent Early Deaths in MEDical PEDigrees with FH". Evaluation of clinical criteria versus DNA diagnosis of three founder-related mutations (D154N, D206E and V408M) in the South African population demonstrated that the sensitivity and specificity of diagnoses, based on total cholesterol values measured in family members of index cases recruited for this study, were 88% and 77%, respectively. A population-directed DNA diagnosis of FH is therefore justified in South Africa on a routine basis, since expression of the defective gene measured in biochemical tests does not allow accurate diagnosis of FH in all cases. The application of mutation detection was illustrated by prenatal diagnosis of FH performed for a couple who are both heterozygous for the most common Afrikaner mutation, D206E. The mutation was absent in the foetus and a normocholesterolaemic infant was born. Prenatal diagnosis of FH, aimed at the detection of homozygous cases, is particularly applicable in populations and families with molecularly defined LDLR gene mutations. The MED-PED approach resulted in accurate diagnosis and subsequent treatment of FH in more patients, and referral to lipid clinics where they could receive the intensive care their condition justifies. Molecularly diagnosed FH patients will be the first to benefit from future treatment approaches based on mutation type.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Familiële hiprcholesterolemie dra grootliks by tot die wêreldwye hoë sterftesyfer van kardiovaskulêre siekte. FH is 'n algemene outosomale ko-dominante siekte wat gekenmerk word deur verhoogde cholesterolvlakke en vroeë koronêre hartsiekte. Terwyl hierdie kenmerke prominent is in homosigote, word die kliniese diagnose van heterosigote bemoeilik deur variasie in fenotipiese uitdrukking. Spesifieke stigtergene in die lae-digtheids lipoproteien reseptor (LDLR) geen het die voorkomssyfer van FH verhoog in Suid Afrikaanse Afrikaners, Indiërs, Jode en Kleurlinge. Sifting vir hierdie bekende mutasies maak akkurate diagnose van FH geaffekteerde individue moontlik. Die sistematiese molekulêre analise van FH het aangetoon dat ten minste tien van die 56 verskillende geen defekte wat tot dusver beskryf is in die Suid-Afrikaanse populasie stigtertipe LDLR geen mutasies is. DNA sifting van 792 familielede vir die FH-verwante mutasie in 379 indeksgevalle geïdentifiseer is, het akkurate diagnose moontlik gemaak in 340 addisionele familielede, en uitsluiting daarvan in 452 individue. Hierdie poging vorm deel van die MED-PED FH ("Make Early Diagnosis and Prevent Early Deaths in MEDical PEDigrees with FH) inisiatief. Evaluering van kliniese kriteria teenoor DNA diagnose van drie stigter verwante mutasies (D154N, D206E en V408M) in die Suid Afrikaanse populasie het getoon dat die sensitiwiteit en spesifisiteit van die diagnose, wat gebasseer is op totale cholesterol waardes in familielede van indeksgevalle, onderskeidelik 88% en 77% was. 'n Populasie gerigte DNA diagnose van FH is dus geregverdig in Suid-Afrika op "n roetine basis, omdat die defektiewe geen nie altyd in biochemiese toetse uitgedruk word nie. Die waarde van mutasie opsporing is geillustreer deur 'n voorgeboortelike diagnose van FH wat aangevra is vir ouers wat beide heterosigoties is vir die mees algemene Afrikaner mutasie, D206E. Die mutasie was afwesig in die fetus en 'n normocholesterolemiese baba is gebore. Voorgeboortelike diagnose van FH, wat gemik is op die opsporing van homosigotiese gevalle, is veral van toepassing in populasies en families met bekende LDLR geen mutasies. Die MED-PED benadering het gelei tot akkurate diagnose en daaropvolgende behandeling van FH in meer pasiënte, en verwysings na lipiedklinieke waar hulle intensiewe aandag kan geniet. Molekulêre gediagnoseerde FH pasiënte sal die eerste wees om baat te vind by toekomstige behandeling wat moontlik gebasseer sal word op mutasie status.

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Branco, Nanci Moreira. "Memórias do samba carioca na voz dos compositores populares : uma análise discursiva de depoimentos do projeto "Puxando Conversa"." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8175.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
The present work focuses on a research with samba composers memories who participated in the "Puxando Conversa" Project that, 1990 a 2004, was recorded in video and exhibited in public places, aspects of life and work of 49 samba composers in Rio de January State. Starting with reports, sung and narrated, in video programs, I try to understand the history of samba which is revealed, for the purpose of discussing dialogical relations that constitute the samba as popular culture. There are dialogues that are more controversial, as in the case of which is established between the tradition and the cultural industry, they are responsible for any transformations in which the samba has passed since its popularization in the media, but, in general, I analyze, in the composers statements, their representations about samba, raising the discourses as , investigating how such voices (re) construct ideologically and culturally the social body that circumscribe and still deconstruct and challenge an official model of culture and music. Therefore, I seek, firstly, issues involving the samba from its popularity, in the mid-1920, understanding all of social, historical and cultural context which allows the samba being an icon in our culture. And a study, at last, that involves questions of life and art. To better understand this plot, I refer to Mikhail Bakhtin studies about popular culture, especially those which I may understand the popular culture as the place where processes dialogues and processes clashes live in parity.
O presente trabalho focaliza a pesquisa com memórias de sambistas que participaram do projeto Puxando conversa que, de 1990 a 2004, registrou em vídeo e exibiu, em locais públicos, aspectos da vida e da obra de 49 compositores de samba do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Partindo dos relatos, cantados e contados, nos programas de vídeo, busco compreender a história do samba que ali é revelada, a fim de discutir as relações dialógicas que constituem o samba como cultura popular. Há diálogos que são mais polêmicos, como é o caso do que se estabelece entre a tradição e a indústria cultural, responsável pelas eventuais transformações por que o samba passou desde a sua popularização na mídia, mas, de um modo geral, analiso, nas declarações dos compositores, suas representações acerca do samba, levantando assim os discursos que as constituem, investigando como tais vozes (re)constroem ideológica e culturalmente o corpo social que as circunscrevem e, ainda, como desconstroem e desafiam um modelo oficial de cultura e música. Para tanto, busco discutir, primeiramente, questões que envolvem o samba desde a sua popularização, em meados dos anos 1920, para entender todo um contexto social, histórico e cultural que permite ao samba ser um ícone da nossa cultura. É um estudo, enfim, que envolve questões de vida e de arte. Para melhor compreender essa trama, recorro aos estudos de Mikhail Bakhtin sobre cultura popular, especialmente, os quais me permitem compreender a cultura popular como o lugar onde esses diálogos e esses embates convivem em paridade.

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45

Wasserloos, Arnd. "Wessen Gene, wessen Ethik? die genetische Diversität des Menschen als Herausforderung für Bioethik und Humanwissenschaften." Berlin Weissensee-Verl, 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2689779&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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46

Jay, Philippe. "Identification et caractérisation de nouveaux gènes exprimés au cours du développement embryonnaire humain." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON1T003.

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47

Pinto, Aldeniz dos Santos. "Os gêneros no livro didático de língua portuguesa das telessalas do Projeto Travessia." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2009. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6394.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This work is addressed to a search about textual genres from a L.D textbook. From a virtualroom in a state School of Pernambuco with interest to analyse specifically the balance between the thematic (cenatextos), the genres and the activities proposed in the LD and within this purpose, it was based mainly on Bronckart (2003), Dolz and Sheneuwly (2004), Soares (2004). Two points are examining, qualitatively and quantitatively, from the three volumes reached it was developed the said textbook and 160 (one hundred and sixty) questionnaires in order to check also whether the teachers enjoyed the searched LD or not. This L.D confirms the theories sociocomunications from genres and the notion of literacy, it also offers students the possibility to be in contact with the heterogeneity and not only with some genres considered to be scholar ones, which make education homogeneous, preferences and particularities of each student. Exploring genres in the activities of reading and production, it explores the issue of diversity genres. In addition, there is an emphasis on literary texts and connecting the practice of communicative approach daily. In relation to the connection established between the thematic and activities included in the LD, the final result reached the interconnection shows that it is mostly quite harmonious. The percentage of the questionnaire indicates that most of teachers, received it assess and positively.
Este trabalho teve o objetivo de pesquisar os gêneros textuais presentes no Livro Didático das Telessalas do Ensino Médio do Estado de Pernambuco, com interesse em analisar especificamente a sintonia entre as temáticas (cenatextos), os gêneros e as atividades propostas no LD. Para este fim, baseamo-nos principalmente em Bronckart (2003), Dolz e Sheneuwly (2004) e Soares (2004). Analisamos, qualitativa e quantitativamente, os três volumes do referido Livro Didático e 160 (cento e sessenta) questionários para verificar também qual a avaliação dos professores concernente ao LD pesquisado. Observamos que o livro didático sob análise tenta referendar as teorias sociocomunicativas do gênero e a noção de letramento, pois oferece aos alunos a possibilidade de entrar em contato com a heterogeneidade textual e não se pauta unicamente em alguns gêneros considerados escolares , os quais tornam o ensino homogêneo, desconsiderando as diferenças, preferências e particularidades de cada aluno. Quanto à exploração dos gêneros nas atividades de leitura e produção textual, verificamos que se explora bem a questão da diversidade de gêneros. Além disso, há uma ênfase nos textos literários e de circulação nas práticas comunicativas diárias. Em relação à conexão estabelecida entre as temáticas, os gêneros e as atividades inseridas no LD, podemos dizer que essa interligação acontece na sua maioria de forma bem harmoniosa. Os percentuais do questionário indicam que os professores, na sua grande maioria, fazem uma avaliação bem positiva do LD.

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48

Louargant, Sophie. "L'approche de Genre pour relire le territoire : les trajectoires hommes-femmes dans les projets touristiques ruraux (Ardèche méridionale, Ligurie, Fès-Boulemane)." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE10205.

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Cette thèse propose de réaliser une relecture du concept de territoire par le genre. Il s'agit d'examiner les interrelations hommes - femmes dans la construction des pratiques et des processus socio-spatiaux. Les projets des créateurs et/ou créatrices d'activités en matière de tourisme dans les territoires ruraux méditerranéens (l'Ardèche méridionale, la Ligurie, la Région Fès-Boulemane) sont un moyen de comprendre les processus territoriaux à l'œuvre (territorialités). Cinq profils " médians " peuvent être identifiés ; ils soulignent les choix négociés ou subis dans le portage du projet. L'analyse statistique de données textuelles (logiciel Alceste) met en évidence trois thèmes principaux : l'articulation des temps de vie, la visibilité de l'activité (réseaux, représentation, attribution d'aides) et le rapport de cette activité au territoire. Cette lecture a cerné les éléments composant les systèmes de valeurs sexués dans l'activité touristique des territoires ruraux méditerranéens.

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Mendel-Hartvig, Maritha. "Padlock Probes and Rolling Circle Amplification : New Possibilities for Sensitive Gene Detection." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Genetics and Pathology, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-2590.

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A series of novel methods for detection of known sequence variants in DNA, in particular single nucleotide polymorphism, using padlock probes and rolling circle replication are presented. DNA probes that can be circularized – padlock probes – are ideal for rolling circle replication. Circularized, but not unreacted probes, can generate powerful signal amplification by allowing the reacted probes to template a rolling circle replication (RCR) reaction. However, when hybridized and ligated to a target DNA molecule with no nearby ends, the probes are bound to the target sequence, inhibiting the RCR reaction is. This problem can be solved by generating a branched DNA probe with two 3’ arms such that the probes may be circularized while leaving the second 3’ arm as a primer for the RCR reaction. We describe how T4 DNA ligase can be used for efficient construction of DNA molecules having one 5’ end but two distinct 3’ ends that extend from the 2’ and 3’ carbons of an internal nucleotide. An even stronger approach to circumvent the topological problem that can inhibit RCR is to restriction digest the template downstream of the padlock recognition site. By using Phi 29 DNA polymerase with efficient 3’ exonuclease and strand displacement activity, the template strand can then be used to prime the RCR reaction. The amplified molecule is contiguous with the target DNA, generating an anchored localized signal. The kinetics of the reaction was investigated by following the reaction in real-time using molecular beacon probes. Localized RCR signal were obtained on DNA arrays, allowing detection of as little as 104-105 spotted molecules, of either single- or double-stranded M13 DNA, in a model experiment. We have also established a serial rolling circle amplification procedure. By converting rolling circle products to a second and even third generation of padlock probes the signal was amplified thousand-fold per generation. This procedure provides sufficient sensitivity for detection of single-copy gene sequences in 50 ng of human genomic DNA, and large numbers of probes were amplified in parallel with excellent quantitative resolution.

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Kenna, Elizabeth Mary. "Development of gene probes for the detection of methanotrophs in the environment." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319789.

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