Дисертації з теми "Program Effects Measurement Project"

This project explores the perceptions of fourth and fifth grade students who participated in a substance abuse prevention program. Risk and protective factors are presented to assist the reader in understanding this project.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Project SAIL, a program designed to increase student achievement through interdisciplinary learning, upon the achievement, attendance, and attitude toward school of the ninth grade students who participated in it. The study also identified its benefits and liabilities from the perspective of teachers and students.

Elementary school is a transition time for student interests and motivation and there is a need for teachers to provide opportunities to facilitate continued interest. One area of concern is in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines. One pedagogical approach that may help with facilitating interest is problem-based learning (PBL; Barrows, 1996). The purpose of this study was to assess changes in students’ reported levels of individual interest in mathematics across time and to assess differences in individual interest based on amount of PBL exposure. Participants included students (n = 45) involved with Project GEMS (Gifted Education in Mathematics and Science; Roberts, 2008), which was a federally funded grant through the Jacob K. Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Program. Interest in mathematics was measured at the beginning of the first fall semester students entered the program and at the end of each subsequent spring semester with a 17-item interest measure consisting of four sub scores: emotion, value, knowledge, and engagement. Results indicate a negative linear trend for composite and sub factors of interest across time except value. The PBL intervention did not moderate the change in interest across time. Conclusions, possible limitations, and future directions are discussed.

Conventional thought dictates that what cannot be measured, cannot be improved. In a quest for improved operational and financial performance, many project-based enterprises have developed numerous methods to measure success. Unfortunately, many of these methods appear to be neither applicable beyond the project boundary nor able to promote effective and proactive decision-making. As a potential remedy, a theoretical framework was developed using principles of Enterprise Engineering to create a performance measurement system for project-based organizations. Known as ARIES (Agile Resource Information and Execution System), the framework builds upon existing project and program management knowledge in order to provide a quantitative methodology for evaluating aspects of enterprise sustainability. By incorporating specific measures, the framework is also able to create a graphical depiction of the enterprises operational performance. To validate the framework, retrospective data were obtained from a successful Architecture and Engineering (A/E) firm that designs and oversees commercial building projects. Analysis of the data provided a picture of the frameworks immediate and long-term benefits for project-based enterprises. From this picture managers can make improved decisions regarding existing and future work, thereby positively impacting the operational performance of the enterprise and enabling it to remain viable over a considerable period of time.

Grenada is 1 of 15 developing countries in Caribbean Community known as CARICOM. The infrastructure capital projects in these developing countries are plagued with an array of issues: unethical practices, inadequate supervision, lack of transparency and accountability, inadequate monitoring and evaluation, cost overruns, and inefficiencies. In the 1980s and 1990s, the International Monitory Fund and World Bank introduced a balanced scorecard engineered under the structural adjustment program, but it was unable to improve infrastructure project efficiencies. This qualitative case study sought to understand the role of management key performance indicators (KPIs) on public sector infrastructure capital project efficiency on the island of Grenada. An institutional assessment and development framework and a classical management theoretical framework methodology were used to explore the effects of management KPIs on public sector infrastructure capital projects efficiencies in developing countries. The research incorporated a constructivist philosophy that underpins the evaluation and perception of the government, the National Water and Sewerage Authority (NAWASA), project teams, systems, and stakeholders. A purposive sampling strategy with elements of snowballing was used to obtain 12 representative participants for interviews, and a systematic approach of transcribing, coding, and thematic analysis was done. Findings indicate inadequacies in the BSC performance measure system on infrastructure projects, which justifies the use of comprehensive management KPIs. Positive social change implications of this study include recommendations for comprehensive management KPIs and policies to improve public sector infrastructure project efficiency in Grenada.

Trata-se de um ensaio clínico com três Grupos. Avaliaram-se os efeitos da intervenção \"Treinamento, Avaliação e Registro Sistematizado de Dor\" sobre a intensidade da dor, o consumo suplementar de morfina, o tratamento de efeitos colaterais e a satisfação com a analgesia dos doentes, no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Foram estudados 182 doentes, no Grupo I (GI, N=55), Grupo II (GII, N=66) e Grupo III (GIII, N=61). Todos receberam a mesma orientação pré-operatória e submeteram-se ao mesmo protocolo medicamentoso para o controle de dor e dos efeitos colaterais. No GI a equipe de enfermagem não recebeu Treinamento e realizou a avaliação da dor conforme rotina da instituição. Nos GII e GIII toda a equipe de enfermagem participou do Curso de Capacitação Sobre a Dor e Seu Controle (Treinamento). No GII a equipe de enfermagem utilizou a Ficha Sistematizada sobre Dor e seu Controle, a cada duas horas. No GIII a equipe de enfermagem não utilizou esta Ficha. Os doentes dos três Grupos também foram avaliados pela pesquisadora nas primeiras 30 horas, a cada 6 horas (6 Momentos). Os resultados foram analisados pelos testes de Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn, Friedman, Qui-quadrado e Verossimilhança. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Os Grupos foram semelhantes quanto à idade, sexo, escolaridade, tipo de cirurgia, tipo de dreno e estado físico. A dor ao repouso e à tosse foi menos intensa no GII. Ao repouso observou-se diferença no Momento 2 (p=0,012) e à tosse, nos Momentos 2, 3, 4 e 6 (p=0,021, p=0,005, p=0,048 e p=0,001, respectivamente). Na dor à inspiração profunda não houve diferença intergrupos. No GII observou-se maior uso de morfina suplementar (p=0,002), maior número de doentes recebendo morfina (p=0,002) e maior média na relação dose de morfina/doente (p=0,022). O GI foi o que menos recebeu antiemético (p=0,019, Momento 2) mas teve a maior ocorrência de náusea e vômito (p=0,032, Momento 6). Prurido ocorreu somente uma vez e não houve depressão respiratória. A satisfação com a analgesia foi mais elevada no GII nos Momentos 2 e 3 (p=0,001 e p=0,012). O Treinamento associado à Ficha Sistematizada sobre a Dor e seu Controle incitou os enfermeiros a intervirem mais vezes para o ajuste da analgesia, melhorou o controle da dor e a satisfação dos doentes com a analgesia. Mostrou-se a melhor opção para o controle da dor no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca
This paper reports on a clinical trial with three Groups. The effects of the intervention \"Training, Assessment and Registration of Pain\" on pain intensity, supplementary consumption of morphine, treatment of side effects, and satisfaction with analgesia among patients in post-operative cardiac surgery. The sample were studied 182 patients, in Group I (GI, N=55), Group II (GII, N=66) and Group III (GIII, N=61). All received the same pre-operative guidelines and submitted themselves to the same medication protocol for the control of pain and its side effects. In GI, the nursing team did not receive the Training, and carried out the pain assessment according to the routine practice of the institution. In GII and GIII, all the nursing team took part in the Curso de Capacitação Sobre a Dor e Seu Controle (Training Course on Pain and its Control). In GII the nursing team used the Ficha Sistematizada sobre Dor e seu Controle (Systematized Record of Pain and its Control) every two hours. In GIII the nursing team did not use this Record. The patients in the three Groups were assessed by the researcher every 6 hours, for the first 30 hours (6 separate moments). The results were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn, Friedman, Qui-quadrado and Verossimilhança tests. The level of significance adopted was 5%. The Groups were similar, in terms of age, sex, level of education, type of surgery, type of drainage and physical state. The pain in rest and when coughing were less intense in GII. For pain in rest, a difference was observed in Moment 2 (p=0.012) and when coughing, in Moments 2, 3, 4 and 6 (p=0.021, p=0.005, p=0.048 and p=0.001, respectively). For pain on deep inspiration, there was no difference between the groups. In GII, greater use of supplementary morphine was observed (p=0.002), with a higher number of patients receiving morphine (p=0.002), and a higher average ratio of morphine dose to patient (p=0.022). GI was the group which received the least antiemetic (p=0.019, Moment 2) but had the highest occurrence of nausea and vomiting (p=0,032, Moment 6). Pruritis occurred only once, and there was no respiratory depression. Satisfaction with the analgesia was higher in GII in Moments 2 and 3 (p=0.001 and p=0.012). The Training, together with the Systematized Record of Pain and its Control led the nurses to intervene more often in adjusting the analgesia, which improved the pain control and the satisfaction of the patients with the analgesia. This proved to be the best option for the control of post-operative pain following cardiac surgery

碩士
國立臺北大學
社會工作學系
100
The Family is a primary agent of socialization that plays an important role in shaping the life and behavior of an individual. However, most residential youths are from dysfunctional families and are victims of domestic violence and sexual assault. Because of their family background, the residential youth is more vulnerable than the average teenagers. Residential youth often grow up in dysfunctional families and experience negative life experiences in their early years. They have received negative feedback from original families; therefore it is difficult for them to obtain effective interpersonal interaction skills. Unhealthy family patterns cause some negative influences on teens, such as post-traumatic stress syndromes, low self-esteem, helplessness, anxiety, depression or emotional distress. These teens are unable to have good interpersonal skills and are in lack of trust in people. They experience difficulties in building up or maintaining good relationships with others. Because of poor relationships, it is difficult for them to gain academic achievement, and some of them may have behavior problems such as attacking other people, substance abuse, and criminal or self-harm behavior. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the instant and delayed effects of “Project Adventure Program " on residential youth. The program has three stages (ground activities, high altitude experience, backpacking) of interactive teaching strategies to improve the interpersonal skills of these youth. In this study, 11 participants were recruited to attend project adventure program. 5 of the participants were consented to be the subjects of this study. Based on the program evaluation framework, a single-case design was used. The research method is a mixture of both a qualitative examination and the multiple triangulations of quantitative measurement to capture the dynamic development and performance of residential youths. More specifically, the qualitative data collection methods include observation, document analysis and in-depth interviews and the researcher adopted a “Teenager’s Experience in Social Behavior Rating Scale” with modifications for quantitative data collection and applied the scale to pre- and post-tests to observe the changes in teenagers’ interpersonal skills. Main findings of this study are as follows: 1.The project adventure program has enhanced residential youth’s interpersonal skills in nine areas including "Cultivating a respectful attitude” ," Eliminating Stereotypes", "From acting passively to actively", "Increase in reciprocity", "Enhancing the motivation of helping people”, "Enhancing the ability to manage conflict”, ”Enhancing self-efficacy”, "Changes in personality", "Positive experiences of learning” , and so on. 2.The project adventure program provided five important element of interpersonal skills to residential youth, including: (1)Through the implementation of the program of team goals to enhance cohesion of residential youths. (2)The autonomous planning of activities by the residential youths. (3)To strengthen the establishment of the team and facilitate group morale and cohesion. (4)To grasp the learning opportunities of extraordinary events . (5) To facilitate intrapersonal energy of residential youths. 3.After residential youths participated in the project adventure program, they have consistently demonstrated better outcomes in interpersonal skills. 4.Two months later, there are five participants felt that their “inappropriate behavior” was decreased as a result of participation in the project adventure program. However, as to "adaptive behavior", the program failed to produce a delayed effect. Finally, from a practical angle, this study provides specific directions for residential practical social workers, project adventure program workers, and researchers in related fields. It is hoped that the findings of this study can encourage the social workers in Taiwan to use project adventure in youth counseling and services. It also hopes to promote more interesting and diverse residential youth leisure activities program in the future.

碩士
國立彰化師範大學
公共事務與公民教育學系
107
Through the complete implementation of the Twelve-year Compulsory Education, the government looked forward to promote the equality of educational opportunity and the social justice. However, since the government spent so much energy and resources on the education reform and the related programs, had they been put into practice? Were the effects as expected? Taking a high school in Central Taiwan as an example, this study aimed at exploring what the actual implementation methods and procedures of the Citizen Practice Plan based on the School Actualization Program were, whether the goals of it had been achieved, if the effects were as expected and what the difficulties lay in the process. In addition, this study discussed the effects of offering the special courses of the School Actualization Program and the improvements that can be made. In the thesis, qualitative method was applied. It revealed that, first, executed by the section chief through demonstrating, group and topic setting, action research, regular meeting and discussing, group learning and outcome producing, the Citizen Practice Plan, though, was not promoted widely enough. Many students in the case school were not familiar with the plan. Second, there were three issues included in the program: (a) research in Taiwanese orchids cultivation (b) research in the indigenous people of Taiwan returning home (c) if the special courses effective. By taking part in the Citizen Practice Plan based on the School Actualization Program, the students’ knowledge, influence, the abilities of issue exploring, planning, and execution were obviously enhanced. Last, the problems the program encountered were discussed in two stages: (a) in promoting and (b) in performing. According to the research results above, some suggestions were made for policies regarding the continuous promotion of this plan in the future. Keywords: School Actualization Program, Project Citizen, Case study

碩士
逢甲大學
財稅學系
103
This thesis discusses whether government’s project grants was helpful to the universities’ admissions. We focus on the Program for Promoting Teaching Excellence Universities. We selected departments that were commonly set in universities: English, Information Engineering, and Business Administration Departments. We first compare the relative yearly changes of the departments’ criteria of General Scholastic Ability Test (GSAT) for the Personal Application process. We then compare the yearly changes of placement criteria from Advanced Subjects Test (AST) for Admission by Examination and Placement process. Using ordinary least squares method, we try to identify the effects of Program for Promoting Teaching Excellence, both by the number of grants and by the cumulative amount of subsidies. Our results show that this project grants did not have significant impact on students’ ranking and choices about universities.

碩士
中國醫藥大學
營養學系碩士班
98
Abdominal obesity may induce hyperinsulinemia、insulin resistance and dyslipidemia while the prevalence of abdominal obesity was increasing year by year. Therefore, to improve health of abdominal obese subjects is an urgent work. Lifestyle modification program may improve over weight, lifestyle and nutrition knowledge, and help to reduce accumulation of abdominal adipose tissue. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle modification program on weight control, metabolic syndrome features, behavior and health-related knowledge. We recruited 18 women aged older than 18 years whose waistline more than 80 cm, and without chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular disease via advertisement on newspaper. We formulated a group-based weight control project upon lifestyle modification program for women with abdominal obesity. The study period was 10 weeks. Results showed that the body weight, BMI and body fat were significantly reduced. The lifestyle modification program helped to improve the waist, fasting serum sugar and high density lipoprotein concentration（p < 0.05） among metabolic syndrome features, but blood pressure and triglyceride level were no significant changes. Besides, abnormal population percentages of waist, blood pressure, fasting serum sugar and high density lipoprotein were reduced, particularly abnormal population percentages of waist. The diet behavior, physical activity behavior and health knowledge were significantly improved through the intervention. In conclution, lifestyle modification based on group-base weight control project could ameliorate the metabolic syndrome markers in abdominal obese women, and can be further applied to prevent and cure metabolic syndrome in community.

Selected 4-H youth participated in the Texas 4-H Livestock Ambassador program. Forty six youth attended one of the 2011 Texas 4-H Livestock Ambassador Short Courses held on the campuses of Texas A&M University and Texas Tech University. The three-day short course is in an intense introduction of animal science principles delivered by university professors and staff, Texas AgriLife Extension faculty and industry representatives. Upon completing the short course, the students must contribute 30 hours to youth livestock projects and Texas animal agriculture. Two instruments were developed to evaluate the perceptions of the participants regarding their perceived impact of the program on: 1) livestock production knowledge gained, 2) career development, 3) understanding of higher education, and 4) leadership development. The students perceived the Texas 4-H Livestock Ambassador Program to increase their understanding of livestock production knowledge, career development, higher education and leadership development. The results of the study validate the need for advanced educational opportunities to develop high school aged 4-H members in the state of Texas.

碩士
靜宜大學
教育研究所
104
The current study aimed to discuss the background, the planning process, the implementation process and results of the integrated learning project of Summer Enjoy Learning (Program II) of elementary school in Hualien County. Interview and document analysis were adopted, and the Hualien County elementary school of remote districts joined the 2015 Summer Enjoy Learning (Program II) as the object of the study. The interview objects were administrators and teachers of the case school. The study expects to understand the effects of Summer Enjoy Learning (Program II), and provide improved suggestions. Last, the research can be concluded to provide some suggestions. The findings of this study are as follows： 1.The backgrounds and planning: (1)The purpose of summer courses is to solve the behavior deviation of students. (2)The convener is school principal, leading administrators to plan and implement the courses. 2.The implementation process: (1)Introduce resources from outside the school, enriching the courses. (2)Use the advantages of school, and use the principles with “localization” and “real-life” to enlighten students’ logic of thinking. 3.The effects: (1)Not to request “academic qualifications” but to cultivate “learning abilities”. (2)The changes of teachers, students, parents and communities.

Thèse réalisée en cotutelle France- Québec
Les troubles cognitifs et comportementaux après une lésion cérébrale peuvent entraîner des limitations d’activité sévères et des restrictions de participation. Les personnes cérébrolésées acquises nécessitent une prise en charge adaptée et spécifique tant au niveau de la rééducation que de la réadaptation. Un programme de réadaptation a été développé dans le service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France. Le but de cette présente thèse est d’explorer l’efficacité de ce programme sur l’activité et la participation. Spécifiquement, les objectifs sont de : 1) définir et valider le programme de réadaptation par l’équipe multidisciplinaire; 2) mesurer les effets du programme de réadaptation sur l’activité et la participation des participants et 3) explorer des liens possibles entre le problème ciblé par le programme, ses interventions et les effets du programme sur l’activité et la participation. Pour répondre à l’objectif 1 de l’étude, un modèle logique (Champagne et al., 2009) est utilisé. Des entretiens semi-dirigés sont menés auprès de l’équipe multidisciplinaire. La documentation de chaque activité du programme est validée par des groupes d’experts. Pour répondre à l’objectif 2, une étude quasi expérimentale avec «cas uniques» et multiples mesures répétées est utilisée. Six mesures répétées sont effectuées : trois en pré-programme, puis trois en post-programme jusqu’à six mois. L’interprétation des résultats est réalisée à partir (i) de l’analyse visuelle de données graphiques représentant l’évolution du sujet dans le temps et (ii) d’analyse statistique. Au préalable de cette étude, une première étape a consisté à identifier les outils de mesure des déficiences, de l’activité et de la participation. Des outils de mesure situationnels fiables et valides sont choisis. Les critères de jugement principaux sont (i) le niveau d’activité évalué par le Cooking Task (Chevignard et al., 2000) et le Profil des Activités Instrumentales (PAI) (Bottari et al., 2009) et (ii) la participation évaluée par le PAI et la Mesure des Habitudes de vie (MHAVIE) (Noreau et al., 2002).   Pour répondre à l’objectif 3, l’analyse logique théorique s’appuie sur le modèle cognitif des fonctions exécutives de Lezak (1982) et sur la CIF. Les résultats de cette étude montrent que l’analyse logique théorique de l’activité cuisine valide cette activité au sein du programme de réadaptation. La mesure des effets du programme fait ressortir des différences significatives entre les périodes pré et post-programme au nombre total d’erreurs au Cooking Task (6/7 participants) et en besoin en aide (PAI) (6/7 participants). L’item « préparation de repas » de la MHAVIE suggère une amélioration pour 4/7 sujets. L’ensemble des résultats suggère une amélioration globale de l’activité « préparer un repas » qui se maintient dans le temps. L’identification des outils de mesure favorise un choix éclairé des outils à préconiser pour l’évaluation des programmes de réadaptation dédiés aux personnes cérébrolésées. Cette thèse contribue à l’avancement des connaissances en réadaptation. De fait, peu d’études sont allées aussi loin dans la documentation d’un programme de réadaptation multidisciplinaire et holistique et dans la compréhension des liens entre les processus de soins et les retombées du programme.
The cognitive and behavioral sequelae of brain injury can severely limit activities and restrict participation. People with acquired brain injury require adapted and specific reeducation and rehabilitation. To respond to these needs, a rehabilitation program was developed within the Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Service of Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France. This thesis seeks to explore the effectiveness of this program on participant’s levels of activity and participation. More specifically, the objectives were to: 1) define and validate the rehabilitation program with the multidisciplinary team; 2) measure the effects of the rehabilitation program on participant participation levels and 3) explore possible links between the problem, the interventions in the program, and the effects of the program on participant’s activity and participation levels. With respect to the first objective of documenting the rehabilitation program, we used the logic model of Champagne et al., 2009). Semi-structured interviews were carried out with members of the multi-disciplinary team. The documentation of each program activity was validated by groups of experts. For the second objective, a quasi-experimental study was carried out with ‘single-case’ multiple repeated measures. Six repeated measures were used: three pre-program and three post-program up until six months. Results were analyzed using (i) visual analysis of graphic data which represented the evolution of participants over time and (ii) statistical analyses. In the initial preparation phase, tools measuring body functions and structure, activity and participation were identified. The situational measurement tools chosen were reliable and valid. Principal outcomes were (i) participants’ activity level evaluated by the Cooking Task (Chevignard et al., 2000) and the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Profile (IADL Profile) (Bottari et al., 2009) and (ii) participants’ participation level evaluated by the IADL Profile and the Life Habits assessment’ (LIFE-H) (Noreau et al., 2002). For the third objective, a logic theory analysis was based on the cognitive model of executive functions of Lezak (1982) and on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). This analysis demonstrates the validity of the cooking activity and thereby promotes the recognition of such activities within multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs. For the measurement of the effects of the rehabilitation program, significant differences in the total number of errors in the Cooking Task (for 6/7 participants) and in the need for help (IADL Profile) (6/7 participants) between the pre- and post-program phases were observed. On the LIFE-H assessment, some improvements were shown for the ‘preparation of meal’ item for 4/7 participants. The overall results of the Cooking Task, IADLP and LIFE-H scale suggest a global improvement for the activity ‘meal preparation’ after the rehabilitation program. This improvement is maintained over time. The identification of tools to measure limitations in activity and participation levels in real life situations assists informed decision-making in rehabilitation. This thesis contributes to the advancement of knowledge in rehabilitation. Few studies have gone this far in documenting a multidisciplinary and holistic rehabilitation program and in understanding the relation between its effects and care processes.