Статті в журналах: "Profilage de suspects"

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Azhari, Gabriel, Shamam Waldman, Netanel Ofer, Yosi Keller, Shai Carmi, and Gur Yaari. "Decomposition of Individual SNP Patterns from Mixed DNA Samples." Forensic Sciences 2, no. 3 (July 5, 2022): 455–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci2030034.

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Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers have great potential to identify individuals, family relations, biogeographical ancestry, and phenotypic traits. In many forensic situations, DNA mixtures of a victim and an unknown suspect exist. Extracting SNP profiles from suspect’s samples can be used to assist investigation or gather intelligence. Computational tools to determine inclusion/exclusion of a known individual from a mixture exist, but no algorithm for extraction of an unknown SNP profile without a list of suspects is available. Here, we present an advanced haplotype-based HMM algorithm (AH-HA), a novel computational approach for extracting an unknown SNP profile from whole genome sequencing (WGS) of a two-person mixture. AH-HA utilizes techniques similar to the ones used in haplotype phasing. It constructs the inferred genotype as an imperfect mosaic of haplotypes from a reference panel of the target population. It outperforms more simplistic approaches, maintaining high performance through a wide range of sequencing depths (500×–5×). AH-HA can be applied in cases of victim–suspect mixtures and improves the capabilities of the investigating forces. This approach can be extended to more complex mixtures with more donors and less prior information, further motivating the development of SNP-based forensics technologies.

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Rattan, Suzan Amana, and Didar Sddeq Anwar. "Comparison of corneal epithelial thickness profile in dry eye patients, keratoconus suspect, and healthy eyes." European Journal of Ophthalmology 30, no. 6 (August 27, 2020): 1506–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1120672120952034.

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Purpose: To compare the corneal epithelial thickness profile in patients with dry eyes and keratoconus suspect with normal healthy eyes. Methods: The study involved 120 eyes with an age range from 19 to 30 years. Forty eyes had normal corneal topography and no dry eyes. Forty eyes had dry eyes but had normal corneal topography. The last 40 eyes were keratoconus suspect and had no symptoms or signs of dry eyes. Results: Central epithelial thickness was not different statistically for all eyes. ( p-value: 0.1). The superior epithelial thickness was 53.5 µm ±3.1 in the control group, 53.4 µm ±3.5 in the dry eye group, and 53.6 µm ±2.8 in the keratoconus suspect group. No statistically significant difference was found ( p-value = 0.7). The inferior epithelial thickness was 55.7 µm ±3.5 in the control, 57.2 µm ±3.19 in the dry eyes, and 52.2 µm ±3.12 in the KC suspects. There was inferior thickening in the dry eyes and thinning in the KC suspects and this was statistically significant ( p-value < 0.01). Minimum epithelial thickness was 52.8 µm ±2.91 in the control and 53.2 µm ±3.51 in the dry eyes and it was located superiorly for both groups. In the KC suspects, the minimum thickness was 52.3 µm ±3.19 and was located inferiorly. Conclusion: In our study the epithelium appears to be thicker inferiorly in dry eyes and thinner in KC suspects. Displacement of thinnest location on epithelial map may be a helpful early sign of keratoconus. However, follow-up study is necessary to confirm the thinnest location displacement helped in this diagnosis.

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Worrall, John L., Stephen A. Bishopp, Scott C. Zinser, Andrew P. Wheeler, and Scott W. Phillips. "Exploring Bias in Police Shooting Decisions With Real Shoot/Don’t Shoot Cases." Crime & Delinquency 64, no. 9 (March 8, 2018): 1171–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128718756038.

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The controversy surrounding recent high-profile police shootings (e.g., Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri; Laquan McDonald in Chicago) has prompted inquiry into the possible existence of bias in officers’ use-of-force decisions. Using a balanced mix of shoot/don’t shoot cases from a large municipal police department in the Southwestern United States, this study analyzed the effect of suspect race on officers’ decisions to shoot—while accounting for other theoretically relevant factors. Findings suggest that Black suspects were not disproportionately the target of police shootings; Black suspects were approximately one third as likely to be shot as other suspects. This finding challenges the current bias narrative and is consistent with the other race-related findings in recently published research.

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Rodríguez, John Ibañez, Santiago Rocha Durán, Daniel Díaz-López, Javier Pastor-Galindo, and Félix Gómez Mármol. "C3-Sex: A Conversational Agent to Detect Online Sex Offenders." Electronics 9, no. 11 (October 27, 2020): 1779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9111779.

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Prevention of cybercrime is one of the missions of Law Enforcement Agencies (LEA) aiming to protect and guarantee sovereignty in the cyberspace. In this regard, online sex crimes are among the principal ones to prevent, especially those where a child is abused. The paper at hand proposes C3-Sex, a smart chatbot that uses Natural Language Processing (NLP) to interact with suspects in order to profile their interest regarding online child sexual abuse. This solution is based on our Artificial Conversational Entity (ACE) that connects to different online chat services to start a conversation. The ACE is designed using generative and rule-based models in charge of generating the posts and replies that constitute the conversation from the chatbot side. The proposed solution also includes a module to analyze the conversations performed by the chatbot and calculate a set of 25 features that describes the suspect’s behavior. After 50 days of experiments, the chatbot generated a dataset with 7199 profiling vectors with the features associated to each suspect. Afterward, we applied an unsupervised method to describe the results that differentiate three groups, which we categorize as indifferent, interested, and pervert. Exhaustive analysis is conducted to validate the applicability and advantages of our solution.

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Ballard, David, and Anastasia Aliferi. "The AGCT murders: putting epigenetics on the stand." Biochemist 39, no. 5 (October 1, 2017): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio03905024.

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Criminal investigations can rely heavily on DNA evidence and, while matching a DNA profile with that of a suspect or a previous offender might sound like a simple task, real life cases are often much more complicated. What happens when more context is required than a simple profile match, or when there is no match at all? Can DNA give us more information than we have suspected? Is epigenetics the elementary answer to our questions, my dear Watson?

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Kirillova, Tat'yana, and Aleksander Rogov. "Suicidal behavior of suspected, accused and convicted persons – a study." Russian Journal of Deviant Behavior 2022, no. 2 (July 28, 2022): 164–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2713-0622-2022-2-164-180.

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Introduction. The analysis of the suicides committed in 2015-2020 according to the data of the Office of educational, social, and psychological work in the system of Russian Federal Penal Correction Service (FPCS) proves that the rate of suicides in the prison system is still higher than countrywide. The goal of the research is to study the suicides committed by the suspects, accused, and convicted persons. Methods. The research has been based on the analysis of the reviews and other technical materials offered by the FPCS concerning suicide preventions measures among the suspects, accused, and convicted persons in the prison system. Results. The authors have researched the personal characteristics of the suspects, accused, and convicted persons who committed suicides, the circumstances, and conditions of the suicides. To achieve this, the authors analyzed the data gathered in the prison system in case of suspect, accused, and convicted persons suicides (case records, internal review findings), as well as the results of psychological testing of the suspects, accused, and convicted who committed suicides in the Russian prison system in 2020. As a part of the study the authors gathered information on the suspects, accused and convicted persons who committed suicide. The authors have researched a phenomenon of a suicidal behavior of the suspects, accused, and convicted persons. In the theoretical and empirical study, they review both the scientific papers on the suicidal behavior and the FPCS guidelines on prevention of the suicidal behavior of the suspects, accused, and convicted persons. The authors propose measures on preventing of the suicidal behavior of the suspects, accused, and convicted persons. The authors created a profile of the persons committing suicide accounting for their demographic characteristics, their criminal past, and their status in the prison system, considering their psychological status, conditions, and circumstances of the suicide. To form a correlation matrix, the authors have used objective and subjective characteristics of the suspects, accused, and convicted persons who committed suicide. As the result of the correlation analysis, the authors have found a statistically strong connection (r = 0,092; p ≥ 0,05) between the objective and subjective characteristics. Following the founded statistically significant connection, the authors conclude that demographic characteristic and the criminal past of the convicted relate to their suicidal tendencies and may led to the committing of the suicide. The results of the correlation analysis have been used to formulate the recommendations for the suicidal behavior prevention among the convicted persons. The authors have attempted to find a connection between the suicidal behavior and the personal characteristics of the suspects, accused, and convicted persons mentioned in their registry files, and demonstrate the incidence of the certain traits of the suicidal persons. Using content-analysis of the registry files, the authors have chosen the most frequently mentioned personal traits in the psychological profiles of the persons who committed suicides. The interviews with the workers of the FPCS Interregional office of psychological work have shown an additional proof of the hypothesis that the results of the psychological tests correlate with the results of the profile analysis of the suicidal persons and supplement them. The authors have also analyzed the conditions, and circumstances of the suicides, proposed potential directions of the psychological prevention of the suicidal behavior of the suspect, accused, and convicted persons. Practical significance. Implementation of the study findings by the personnel of the prison system in the field of prevention of the suicidal behavior of the suspects, accused, and convicted persons.

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James, Lois, Stephen James, and Bryan Vila. "Does the “reverse racism effect” withstand the test of police officer fatigue?" Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 40, no. 2 (May 15, 2017): 184–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-01-2016-0006.

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Purpose Policing faces several critical problems, the most immediate of which are arguably public perceptions of racial bias, and widely prevalent officer fatigue related to shift work and long work hours. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the “reverse racism effect” still occurred when officers were extremely fatigued. Design/methodology/approach Controlled laboratory experiments were conducted during which experienced police patrol officers responded to black and white suspects in deadly force judgment and decision-making simulations on two occasions; once immediately following the last of five consecutive 10:40 hours patrol shifts (fatigued condition) and again 72 hours after completing the last shift in a cycle (rested condition). Findings Contrary to expectations, the authors found that officer fatigue did not significantly affect shooting behavior. Furthermore, the authors did not find a significant interaction between officer fatigue and suspect race on either reaction time to shoot or the likelihood of shooting an unarmed suspect. Thus, the reverse racism effect was observed both when officers were rested and fatigued. Research limitations/implications As policing agencies around the country respond to allegations of racial bias, both the public and police search for empirical evidence about whether negative perceptions are accurate about officers’ motivations in deadly encounters. The research reported here provides insight about how fatigue effects officers’ decisions to shoot black vs white suspects, and directly addresses this high profile and divisive national issue. Originality/value This is the first valid experimental test of the impact of fatigue on officer shooting behavior, and the interaction between police fatigue and suspect race on decisions to shoot.

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Guo, Naixuan, Junzhou Luo, Zhen Ling, Ming Yang, Wenjia Wu, and Xiaodan Gu. "A Novel IM Sync Message-Based Cross-Device Tracking." Security and Communication Networks 2020 (September 22, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8891664.

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Cybercrime is significantly growing as the development of internet technology. To mitigate this issue, the law enforcement adopts network surveillance technology to track a suspect and derive the online profile. However, the traditional network surveillance using the single-device tracking method can only acquire part of a suspect’s online activities. With the emergence of different types of devices (e.g., personal computers, mobile phones, and smart wearable devices) in the mobile edge computing (MEC) environment, one suspect can employ multiple devices to launch a cybercrime. In this paper, we investigate a novel cross-device tracking approach which is able to correlate one suspect’s different devices so as to help the law enforcement monitor a suspect’s online activities more comprehensively. Our approach is based on the network traffic analysis of instant messaging (IM) applications, which are typical commercial service providers (CSPs) in the MEC environment. We notice a new habit of using IM applications, that is, one individual logs in the same account on multiple devices. This habit brings about devices’ receiving sync messages, which can be utilized to correlate devices. We choose five popular apps (i.e., WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, WeChat, QQ, and Skype) to prove our approach’s effectiveness. The experimental results show that our approach can identify IM messages with high F1-scores (e.g., QQ’s PC message is 0.966, and QQ’s phone message is 0.924) and achieve an average correlating accuracy of 89.58% of five apps in an 8-people experiment, with the fastest correlation speed achieved in 100 s.

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Dr. B. S. Yadav, Prof. "Clinical and Angiographic Profile of Suspected Coronary Artery Disease Patients in Central India." Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research 05, no. 06 (June 22, 2017): 23670–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i6.144.

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Honaker, Jeremy, Dorothy Brockopp, and Krista Moe. "Suspected Deep Tissue Injury Profile." Advances in Skin & Wound Care 27, no. 3 (March 2014): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.asw.0000443267.25288.87.

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&NA;. "Suspected Deep Tissue Injury Profile." Advances in Skin & Wound Care 27, no. 3 (March 2014): 141–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.asw.0000444363.02184.d5.

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12

Sowmitha S G, Ashok Kumar Aradhyula, Gangadharan V, and Sathish Kumar M. "Diagnostic accuracy of BAL Gene Xpert compared to BAL AFB staining in Sputum negative Pulmonary Tuberculosis Suspects." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (December 21, 2020): 1935–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4400.

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Tuberculosis has stood the test of time over the millennia and still wreaks havoc on human life all over the world. We have studied the role of bronchoscopy in smear negative PTB suspects and have compared the results of BAL Gene Xpert with BAL AFB staining among the study population. We have also determined the microbiological profile in cases who are MTB negative. We retrospectively reviewed the respiratory samples (sputum and BAL) of 82 sputum negative PTB suspects from july 2018 – july 2019 for ZN stain and Gene Xpert. 25 cases were detected by Gene Xpert additionally to the 11 cases detected by BAL afb staining alone. Out of the 36 cases detected on gene Xpert 3(8%) were RIF resistant. These 5 samples which were positive on BAL AFB and negative on Gene Xpert,are suspected to be NON TB mycobacteria. Out of the remaining 41 samples, non TB culture results showed 8 Acinetobacter, 10 pseudomonas, 12 klebsiella, 2 e.coli,2 candida, 7 no growth on culture. According to our study, the bronchoscopic samples when subjected to Gene Xpert detect a higher number of cases which would go undetected otherwise compared to BAL AFB staining. Hence, bronchoscopy must be performed on such smear negative suspects and Gene Xpert could replace smear microscopy as initial diagnostic testing. It also helps in detecting first line drug resistance in addition.

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COCKCROFT, P. D. "Clinical sign profile likelihood ratios for bovine spongiform encephalopathy suspects." Research in Veterinary Science 68, no. 3 (June 2000): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/rvsc.2000.0379.

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14

Cereda, Giulia, and Richard D. Gill. "A Nonparametric Bayesian Approach to the Rare Type Match Problem." Entropy 22, no. 4 (April 13, 2020): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22040439.

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The “rare type match problem” is the situation in which, in a criminal case, the suspect’s DNA profile, matching the DNA profile of the crime stain, is not in the database of reference. Ideally, the evaluation of this observed match in the light of the two competing hypotheses (the crime stain has been left by the suspect or by another person) should be based on the calculation of the likelihood ratio and depends on the population proportions of the DNA profiles that are unknown. We propose a Bayesian nonparametric method that uses a two-parameter Poisson Dirichlet distribution as a prior over the ranked population proportions and discards the information about the names of the different DNA profiles. This model is validated using data coming from European Y-STR DNA profiles, and the calculation of the likelihood ratio becomes quite simple thanks to an Empirical Bayes approach for which we provided a motivation.

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Peltonen, Leena. "Old Suspects Found Guilty — The First Genome Profile of Multiple Sclerosis." New England Journal of Medicine 357, no. 9 (August 30, 2007): 927–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejme078147.

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Sauerland, Melanie, Svenja Mehlkopf, Alana C. Krix, and Anna Sagana. "Deceiving suspects about the content of their alibis: consequences for truthful and untruthful suspects." Journal of Forensic Practice 18, no. 2 (May 9, 2016): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfp-10-2014-0042.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test how modifying one’s alibi statement interacts with exposure to deceptive interrogation techniques. Design/methodology/approach – In all, 90 participants walked about a university building for 15 minutes and either stole an envelope from a staff pigeonhole (guilty condition) or put the envelope there along the way (innocent condition). Subsequently, participants were asked to provide an alibi for the past 15 minutes. Guilty and half of the innocent participants were instructed to omit that they had been in the vicinity of the pigeonholes. The rest of the innocent participants were asked to tell the truth. Several days later, participants were questioned about six statements taken from their alibis, three of which contained altered information. Findings – As expected, participants were largely blind to our alterations, with detection rates ranging from 1 to 36 percent. Contrary to cognitive load predictions, detection rates did not vary as a function of truthfulness. Rather, guilty participants were less likely to detect alterations than innocents. Research limitations/implications – Memory distrust and guilty suspects’ aim to keep a low profile might be possible explanations for these findings. Practical implications – It is recommended that law enforcement officers and other legal practitioners refrain from using deceptive interrogation techniques and such techniques that can cause inconsistencies in suspects’ reports. Researcher should make it their task to educate these professional groups about the natural occurrence of memory related, non-deceptive inconsistencies in successive statements. Originality/value – This research uses a new methodology to study the effect of deceptive interrogation techniques on both innocent and guilty suspects. The findings are relevant for legal practitioners and researchers.

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de Groot, Nina. "Using At-Home DNA Tests for Criminal Investigations – A Call for a Collective Approach to Investigative Genetic Genealogy." Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Bioethica 66, Special Issue (September 9, 2021): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbbioethica.2021.spiss.34.

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"Tens of millions of people worldwide have taken a commercial at-home DNA test out of interest in their genetic ancestry, disease risks, cilantro taste aversion, or athletic performance capacities. Yet, this consumer DNA data is also of interest to law enforcement: the data can be used to identify criminal suspects. By uploading a genetic profile from an unknown suspect, found at the crime scene, to a database with consumer’s genetic data, one could find a distant relative of the suspect. Through the mapping of this relative’s family tree, police can eventually zero in on the actual perpetrator. However, this investigative genetic genealogy (IGG) raises ethical concerns. In this presentation, I aim to contribute to the bioethical analysis of IGG by exploring the limitations of an individual-based model for IGG. I discuss two ethical concerns of IGG: privacy and informed consent. However, I argue that IGG raises specific ethical challenges that extend beyond these two autonomy-related concepts. Because of the far-reaching scope to identify even very distant relatives, IGG could identify a vast majority of a target population, thus making it also a collective issue. I explore how the ethical approach of individual consent and relatives in the biomedical genetic context can be helpful for the debate on IGG. Additional ethical concerns arise from the international, transgenerational, and commercial nature of IGG. I call for a more collective approach to IGG in the ethical debate. "

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Thangappah, Radha B. P., and Sujatha Narayanan. "Diagnosing genital tuberculosis in female infertility by clinical, histopathological, culture and polymerase chain reaction techniques: an evaluative study." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 3 (February 27, 2018): 1142. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20180908.

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Background: In developing countries, the genital tract tuberculosis is one of the common causes of tubal damage leading to infertility. Objective of present study was to evaluate the efficacy of Histopathological examination (HPE), culture and Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique in diagnosing genital tuberculosis.Methods: It was a prospective evaluative study. 173 women were subjected to investigations for tuberculosis. AFB smear, culture and HPE examination and PCR testing were carried out on 173 endometrial samples, 81 POD fluid and 52 urine samples. Based on the clinical profile and laparoscopic findings a diagnostic criterion was derived to suspect GTB and the specific diagnostic tests were evaluated against this diagnostic criterion.Results: Based on the diagnostic criteria, tuberculosis was suspected in 61 of the 153 cases. AFB smear was positive in 4.6%, culture was positive in 3.5%, HPE positive in 4.0% and PCR was positive in 28.1% of cases. On evaluating against the diagnostic criteria, the sensitivity of PCR, HPE, culture and AFB smear were; 44.3%, 8.2%, 6.6% and 6.7% respectively. PCR was positive in 18 of the 92 cases in whom GTB was not suspected. The PCR results were negative in 34 of the 61 clinically suspected cases.Conclusions: This study has shown that HPE, AFB smear and culture have low pick up rates. PCR is found to be useful in confirming diagnosis in clinically suspected cases. False negative PCR was an important limitation in this study.

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Mahbub, Mustafa, AZM Mosiul Azam, Suraj C. Mazumder, Bithi Debnath, and Naila Zaman Khan. "Background History, Clinical Presentation and Laboratory Profile in Cases of Suspected Neurometabolic Disorders." Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 39, no. 1 (June 25, 2016): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v39i1.28355.

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Background : Neurometabolic disorders (NMD) in children may present at any age with a wide range of clinical manifestations. Unexplained or intractable seizure is one of the important associations. Consanguinity, regression of development and sibling death are the clues to suspect neurometabolic disorders when laboratory support is limited. Laboratory findings however, provide the confirmatory diagnosis which is unavailable in Bangladesh.Objectives : To determine the association of consanguinity, regression of development, seizures, EEG findings and other laboratory investigations in children suspected to have neurometabolic disorders and to aid clinicians working in resourcepoor countries.Methodology : A retrospective analysis was done from the records of the patients suspected to have neurometabolic disorders admitted in the department of Neurosciences, Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka during the period of July 2007 to February 2011. Tandem Mass Spectrometry (TMS), biotinidase activity and other enzyme assay were done through a private laboratory in New Delhi, India.Results : Total 128 children were studied and the parents of 39 (31%) had history of consanguineous marriage. Seizure was associated with 96 (75%) children and abnormal EEG findings were recorded in 83 (65%). Plasma ammonia was done in 98 cases and found to be increased in 53 (54%) cases. Plasma lactate was done in 94 cases and found high in 40 (43%). TMS were done in 111 (85%) children and abnormality were found in 70 (63%) cases. Serum biotinidase activity was advised for 41 children as per TMS result and measured in 25 children of which deficient activity was found in 17(68%); borderline in 4 (16%) and normal activity in 4 (16%) cases.Conclusion: Background history and clinical presentation followed by stepwise laboratory investigation is necessary to identify neurometabolic disorders. Early and appropriate intervention can reduce neurodisability in many situations.Bangladesh J Child Health 2015; VOL 39 (1) :24-29

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Rashmi L Sonawane, Mahendra A Patil, and Sujata Kanetkar. "Haematological profile in clinically suspected cases of neonatal Sepsis." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (September 25, 2020): 5344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3155.

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Neonatal septicemia is one of the major factors contributing to the high perinatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity in newborns and is recognized as global health challenge. Study was aimed the changes in hematological profile along with blood culture and C-reactive proteins in clinically suspected cases of neonatal sepsis. The present study were included 108 neonates clinically suspicious to have sepsis and admitted in NICU. Avacutainer, Glass slides, Leishman’s stain, Automated Hematology analyzer, Staining Kit was used. Maximum number of neonates i.e. 80 (74%) were less than 2 days old. 70 (64.82%) were males and 38 (35.18%) were females. Maximum number (53.70%) were preterm, respiratory distress seen in (76.11%) Premature rupture of membranes was observed in 39 (36.11%). The clinical suspicion of sepsis, 24 (22.22%) had proven sepsis, . Rodwell’s hematological score of > 3 identified 23 out of 24 (95.83%) proven sepsis group neonates, 24 (88.89%) probable sepsis group neonates. Of the 108 neonates with clinical suspicion of sepsis, 24 (22.22%) had positive blood cultures. The most common pathogen isolated in the blood culture was Klebsiella pneumonia in 12 (50%). Leucocytosis was seen in 4 (16.6%). The total WBC count has low sensitivity (37%) but a high specificity (96%) as indicator of sepsis. Elevated immature PMN count was observed (79.2%) Elevated .Thrombocytopenia was noted in 9 cases (37.5%) proven sepsis. CONCLUSION- Rodwell’s hematological scoring framework is a straightforward, speedy, financially savvy instrument which can be utilized as screening test for early conclusion of neonatal sepsis.

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Falcão, Taiana Pacheco, Ronir Raggio Luiz, Gabriel Eduardo Schütz, Márcia Gomide da Silva Mello, and Volney de Magalhães Câmara. "Audiometric profile of civilian pilots according to noise exposure." Revista de Saúde Pública 48, no. 5 (October 2014): 790–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-8910.2014048005256.

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate the audiometric profile of civilian pilots according to the noise exposure level. METHODS This observational cross-sectional study evaluated 3,130 male civilian pilots aged between 17 and 59 years. These pilots were subjected to audiometric examinations for obtaining or revalidating the functional capacity certificate in 2011. The degree of hearing loss was classified as normal, suspected noise-induced hearing loss, and no suspected hearing loss with other associated complications. Pure-tone air-conduction audiometry was performed using supra-aural headphones and acoustic stimulus of the pure-tone type, containing tone thresholds of frequencies between 250 Hz and 6,000 Hz. The independent variables were professional categories, length of service, hours of flight, and right or left ear. The dependent variable was pilots with suspected noise-induced hearing loss. The noise exposure level was considered low/medium or high, and the latter involved periods > 5,000 flight hours and > 10 years of flight service. RESULTS A total of 29.3% pilots had suspected noise-induced hearing loss, which was bilateral in 12.8% and predominant in the left ear (23.7%). The number of pilots with suspected hearing loss increased as the noise exposure level increased. CONCLUSIONS Hearing loss in civilian pilots may be associated with noise exposure during the period of service and hours of flight.

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Machado, Fernanda Pamela, Marcos Hirata Soares, Patricia Dias Francisquini, and Layla Karina Ferrari Ramos. "Profile of cases suspected of attempted suicide by exogenous intoxication." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 9, no. 2 (October 26, 2018): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v9n2p123.

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Objective: To characterize the profile of patients suspected of attempting suicide, based on cases reported by the Toxicological Information Center of the University hospital of Southern Brazil.Methods: This is a retrospective aggregate study, based on the analysis of medical records and files between January 2009 and December 2012, aiming to collect information that would create the profile of patients suspected of attempting suicide, from the cases notified by the Toxicological Information Center.Results: Regarding the physical consequences and the danger of the suicide attempt, 97% of the suicide attempts did not present life threatening (n = 1,605); 85.4% were not referred to any professional service (n = 1,412). The year 2012 was the year with the highest number of suicide attempts that the other years.Conclusions: It is considered important to improve the notification form for poisoning injuries, to better detect information about suicide attempts.

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Khan, Muhammad Bilal, Aliya Abrar, Ishtiaque Ali Langah, Abdul Samad, Ijaz Aziz, and Faqir Ullah. "Investigation of the Criminal Suspects in Local Population Through Forensic Indicators, A Cross-Sectional Study." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 634–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22164634.

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The aims and objectives of current study were to identify the real criminal persons from suspects through modern scientific forensic technology. Methodology: A wooden stick, assaulted person’s cloth with blood strains, blood strains on the ground and some hairs from the hand of victim were collected at crime scene. And samples of accused ones were also collected. Dry blood sample was collected from the crime scene by Bloodstain Pattern Analysis while 3ml blood sample of 100 office employees were taken in the tube and was centrifuged at x10000 rpm for analysis and DNA profiling. Fingerprints were analyzed from the wooden stick by Latent printing and were compared to suspects. DNA sample also collect from hair follicle for analysis. Results: DNA profiling of Aggravated Assault on different biological aspects were analyzed, the analysis were showed that blood strains on assaulted person’s cloth has cross matching regression stranded mean deviation (1.0± 0.01) with office employees and blood strains collected from ground also have cross matched correlation with (3.0± 0.03) suspects respectively. The mitochondrial DNA of hair follicles which was in hands of Aggravated Assault at the time of crime scene has a significant (P<0.05) cross match with suspects (2.10± 0.02) DNA. Conclusion: The findings of this study through biological and non-biological aspects were significant (P<0.05). Total five persons were marked as criminal from all selected suspects by considering their DNA profile cross matching and finger prints cross match correlations with Aggravated Assault. Keywords: Aggravated Assault, suspects. Deoxyribonucleic acid

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Bozeman, William P., William E. Hauda, Joseph J. Heck, Derrel D. Graham, Brian P. Martin, and James E. Winslow. "Safety and Injury Profile of Conducted Electrical Weapons Used by Law Enforcement Officers Against Criminal Suspects." Annals of Emergency Medicine 53, no. 4 (April 2009): 480–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.11.021.

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Balding, David J., and Peter Donnelly. "Evaluating DNA Profile Evidence When the Suspect Is Identified Through a Database Search." Journal of Forensic Sciences 41, no. 4 (July 1, 1996): 13961J. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jfs13961j.

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Beauregard, Eric, Irina Busina, and Jay Healey. "Confessions of sex offenders: extracting offender and victim profiles for investigative interviewing." Journal of Criminal Psychology 7, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcp-10-2016-0031.

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Purpose Although offender profiling has been cited as an effective tool to interview suspects, empirical profiling methods have completely excluded interviewing suggestions when testing the validity of this technique. The purpose of this paper is to explore the utility of empirically derived profiles of offender- and victim-related sexual assault case characteristics (n=624) in the preparation of the interrogation strategies in sexual assault investigations. Design/methodology/approach Latent class analysis was used to extract profiles of offender- and victim-related sexual assault case characteristics in a sample of 624 incarcerated sex offenders. Moreover, relationships between offender and victim profiles were conducted using χ2 analyses. Findings Findings show that specific offender-victim profiles are related to greater likelihood of confession during the interrogation. Possible interrogation strategies for each profile are suggested and implications for the practice of interviewing suspects are discussed. Originality/value The study is the first to examine both victim and offender profiles in order to assess the significant victim-offender profile combinations and their associated probabilities of resulting in confession.

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Koussiafes, P., and W. Bertsch. "Profile Matching for the Analysis of Accelerants in Suspected Arson Cases." Journal of Chromatographic Science 31, no. 4 (April 1, 1993): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/31.4.137.

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Izumi, Rumiko, Tetsuya Niihori, Toshiaki Takahashi, Naoki Suzuki, Maki Tateyama, Chigusa Watanabe, Kazuma Sugie, et al. "Genetic profile for suspected dysferlinopathy identified by targeted next-generation sequencing." Neurology Genetics 1, no. 4 (December 2015): e36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/nxg.0000000000000036.

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Al Lawati, Nabil, Alan Mulgrew, Rupi Cheema, Stephan vanEeden, Arsalan Butt, John Fleetham, Frank Ryan, and Najib Ayas. "Pro-atherogenic cytokine profile of patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea." Sleep and Breathing 13, no. 4 (May 5, 2009): 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11325-009-0259-1.

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Rao, Shivani, and Sanjeev Asotra. "Clinical, echocardiographic and radiological profile of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism." Indian Heart Journal 70 (November 2018): S101—S102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ihj.2018.10.304.

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Rana, Geetika, and Owias Yousf Lone. "An Investigation Profile in Pediatric Patients Suspected of Acute Hepatitis A." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 15, no. 4 (October 1, 2021): 2098–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.15.4.32.

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Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is one of the important causes of hepatitis in developing countries. It is transmitted through feco-oral route. This poses major health problems in children. Serum samples of the patients from pediatrics department suspected of acute viral hepatitis presenting with clinical features like fever, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice were collected and analyzed by using commercially available mini VIDAS 307 (Biomeriux) to detect anti HAV IgM antibodies. A nine months prospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology and immunology of Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and health science Dehradun, India. Of the 47 serum samples received during the study period, 23 (48.93%) were found to be positive for anti-HAV IgM (VIDAS 307 Biomeriux). The prevalence was found to be more in male patients than in female patients, that is,14 (60.8%) and 9 (39.13%) respectively, and was predominantly seen in the 5–10 years of the age group (60%). Peak cases were found in the month of October and November. The study showed a high positivity (48.93%) of HAV in this sub-Himalayan region indicating the role of preventive measures including safe drinking water, improved sanitation and vaccination in preventing infection. Thus, detection of anti-HAV IgM becomes the cornerstone entity for diagnosis.

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Hiljadnikova-Bajro, Marija, Toni Josifovski, Milco Panovski, and Aleksandar J. Dimovski. "Molecular profile of the Lynch Syndrome in the Republic of Macedonia." Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin 58 (November 2012): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2012.58.002.

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The most frequent type of hereditary colorectal cancer, the one occurring in the setting of the Lynch syndrome (LS) is considered a phenotypic manifestation of a germline defect in the mismatch repair mechanism i.e. in the MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 or PMS2 gene. Aiming towards establishment of a standardized protocol involving molecular analyses for diagnosis of this syndrome and developing a unique national register of families with hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes in the Republic of Macedonia, we began a prospective study to reveal the genetic defects among Macedonian patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and identifying families with hereditary CRC. A total of 53 patients fulfilling the revised Bethesda criteria for MSI-genetic testing were compared to 350 patients with sporadic CRC. The results reveal significant differences in age at diagnosis (p=0.03), involvement of microsatellite instability (p<0.0001) and localization of the tumor in respect to flexura lienalis (p=0.009) and suggest affiliation of the majority of the “Bethesda+” CRCs to the so called Familial Colorectal cancer Type X group. The molecular characterization of LS suspects identified the novel MLH1 c.392C>G nonsense mutation with a possible founder effect in the Macedonian population, the MLH1 ex.3-12 deletion, as well as the c.244A>G mutation, IVS14- 19A>G and IVS4+65A>C changes in MLH1 without confirmed pathological significance. The observed high frequency (87.5%) of the Ile219Val (c.655A>G) variant in MLH1 among the LS suspects prompts further analyses to evaluate its involvement in the development of hereditary CRC by itself or as a risk modifying factor among the patients from the Republic of Macedonia.

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Akhter, Rowshan Jahan, Md Mahbubul Hoque, BH Nazma Yasmeen, and MAK Azad Chowdhury. "Bacteriological profile and sensitivity pattern of neonatal sepsis." Northern International Medical College Journal 8, no. 1 (April 30, 2017): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/nimcj.v8i1.32391.

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Introduction : Neonatal sepsis remains an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in NICU setup and a major challenge for the neonatologists. The prevalent organisms and their antibiotic resistance patterns evolve with time and with the usage of antimicrobials.Aims and Objectives : To analyze the bacteriological profile and antibiotic resistance patterns of proven neonatal sepsis cases in Dhaka Shishu Hospital.Materials and Methods : The study was Prospective observational study. All the clinically suspected cases of Neonatal Sepsis admitted to the Neonatal word from January 2015 to December 2015 were included in the study. Clinically suspected cases of neonatal sepsis further evaluated with blood cultures and antibiotic susceptibility testing using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Data was collected for the following variables: Demographic profile, haematological profile, blood culture result and antibiotic sensitivity patterns.Results : Total 96 cases clinically suspected neonatal sepsis were included in the study. Among them 29 cases (30.21%) was culture positive septicemia. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common isolate accounting for 31.03% cases followed by Escherichia coli 27.59%. In Klebsiella infection most common sensitivity were Imipenum and Ciprofloxacin which were 77.78 and 33.33% respectively. In E.coli common sensitive drugs were Imipenum and Amikacin. In serratia common sensitive drugs were Imipenum, Netlmicin and Ciprofloxacin.Conclusion : K. pneumoniae was the most common pathogen. Most common sensitivity was Imipenum, Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Netlmicin, and Ceftazidime,.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.8(1) July 2016: 174-177

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Gergely, Lajos, Robert Petrovič, Zuzana Feketová, Daniela Klimová, Ľudovít Danihel, Kristína Mosná, Hedviga Mrázová, Miroslav Korbeľ, Vanda Repiská, and Petra Priščáková. "Partial hydatidiform moles with unclear histopathological profile – importance of genetic diagnostics." Česká gynekologie 86, no. 6 (December 21, 2021): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.48095/cccg2021381.

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Objective: The aim of the study was the genetic characterization of a set of cases with an unclear morphological profi le of the placental tissue suspected of a partial hydatidiform mole. Patients and methods: This work presents the results of a genetic analysis of a group of 10 patients with various clinical manifestations of reproductive loss, where a partial hydatidiform mole was suspected on the basis of a histopathological examination. The composition of the genome of the products of conception was determined by short tandem repeats (STR) genotyping using a commercial kit “Devyser Compact v3 (Devyser)“. Results and conclusions: Out of 10 analyzed cases, five had diandricmonogynic triploid genome, characteristic for a partial mole. Aneuploidies of chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y were excluded in four cases and Patau's syndrome was diagnosed in one case. In the case of an unclear histopathological profile, consultative DNA analysis (ideally STR genotyping) can significantly help the pathologist in the differential diagnosis of a partial mole. The histopathological profile of a partial hydatidiform mole may be in some cases incomplete and unclear, especially in the early weeks of gestation, which can lead to false negativity of the examination. On the other hand, other pathologies, for example aneuploides or digynictriploidy, may produce a histopathological profile similar to a partial mole, which leads to false positivity. Accurate diagnosis of a partial hydatidiform mole using molecular genetic methods contributes to the determination of adequate dispensary care for patients. Key words: hydatidiform mole – microsatellite repeats – alleles – genotyping techniques

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Sjerps, M., and A. D. Kloosterman. "On the consequences of DNA profile mismatches for close relatives of an excluded suspect." International Journal of Legal Medicine 112, no. 3 (April 9, 1999): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004140050227.

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Alfonzo, Christopher A., William V. Bobo, and Myron D. Almond. "Not a Usual Suspect; Rabeprazole Therapy Presenting as a Severe Neuropsychiatric Illness: Case Report." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 33, no. 3 (September 2003): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/kx4x-ufk5-60kl-wd2g.

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We report the case of a patient who, as a result of exposure to the proton pump inhibitor rabeprazole, developed a severe and disabling admixture of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Because of its widely appreciated placebo-like side effect profile, rabeprazole was never suspected as being the cause of his symptoms. Instead, a somatoform spectrum disorder was assigned based on the patient's atypical symptom presentation, progressive course, subjective psychological distress, intemperate consumption of healthcare resources over a relatively brief period of time and lack of any medical explanation for his symptoms at that time, despite exhaustive laboratory and radiologic work-ups. This case report reinforces the notion that even a medication such as rabeprazole, with an established safety and tolerability profile, may be associated with side effects severe enough to mimic disabling neuropsychiatric illness.

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Salvi, Dhairya, and Dhanvi Moradia. "Assessment of clinical and haematological profile in dengue fever." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): 4288. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20204970.

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Introduction: Series of biochemical and haematological changes occur during the course of the illness. Physicians should be aware of the most common clinical as well as clinical and biochemical presentations which are important for the clinical management of patients and thus crucial for saving a life. Therefore, this study aimed to highlight the most common clinical features and biochemical findings of dengue cases.Methods: A total of 200 cases of suspected dengue fever were included in the study. The present is the prospective cohort study; samples were selected with sampling technique. A total of 200 cases of suspected dengue fever were included in the study. The frequency of various signs and symptoms and the values of laboratory tests were compared. The results were tabulated and correlated.Results: In our series in clinical manifestations, all cases presented with fever, myalgia was found in 156 patients, headache was found in 106 patients, rashes were present in 28 patients, others clinical features are nausea, pain abdomen was seen in 42 patients, loose motion was seen in 34 patients etc. None of our patient have visual complains. Retro-orbital pain was noted in 12 patients. Bleeding manifestations in any form was seen in 78 cases.Conclusions: Dengue needs to be suspected in any patient presenting with a short duration of fever and myalgia. Bleeding tendencies should be closely watched for. When features of plasma leakage such as pedal edema, pleural effusion, ascites, are present, patient should be closely watched for and should be immediately managed.

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Teklebirhan, Gebreabiezgi. "Profile of Dermatophyte and Non Dermatophyte Fungi in Patients Suspected of Dermatophytosis." American Journal of Life Sciences 3, no. 5 (2015): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20150305.13.

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Tal-Saban, Miri, Salman Zarka, Itamar Grotto, Asher Ornoy, and Shula Parush. "The functional profile of young adults with suspected Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)." Research in Developmental Disabilities 33, no. 6 (November 2012): 2193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2012.06.005.

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Davies, Ffion C., Fiona E. Lecky, Ross Fisher, Marisol Fragoso-Iiguez, and Tim J. Coats. "Major trauma from suspected child abuse: a profile of the patient pathway." Emergency Medicine Journal 34, no. 9 (April 24, 2017): 562–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2016-206296.

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Riva, Laura, Arun R. Pandiri, Yun Rose Li, Alastair Droop, James Hewinson, Michael A. Quail, Vivek Iyer, et al. "The mutational signature profile of known and suspected human carcinogens in mice." Nature Genetics 52, no. 11 (September 28, 2020): 1189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41588-020-0692-4.

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Abeynayake, J. I., A. Fernando, S. Nanayakkara, K. Nawarathna, and G. Wimalarathna. "Viral etiology and clinico-epidemiological profile of clinically suspected acute viral encephalitis." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 73 (August 2018): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.4283.

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Teixeira, Fabianna Fabíola Neri, Caio Brenno Abreu, Deisy Lima Pessoa, Dmitri Ravel Barroso Abreu, Edson Henrique Oliveira da Silva, Marcelo da Silva Garcia, Pedro Felipe Félix Reis, Raiana Souza da Silva, Ramon Filipe Martins, and Laila Sabino Garro. "Perfil clínico e epidemiológico de indivíduos com suspeita de rinite alérgica na população de Roraima / Clinical and epidemiological profile of individuals with suspected allergic rhinitis in the Roraima population." Brazilian Journal of Health Review 3, no. 6 (2020): 18736–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv3n6-262.

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Teixeira, Fabianna Fabíola Neri, Caio Brenno Abreu, Deisy Lima Pessoa, Dmitri Ravel Barroso Abreu, Edson Henrique Oliveira da Silva, Marcelo da Silva Garcia, Pedro Felipe Félix Reis, Raiana Souza da Silva, Ramon Filipe Martins, and Laila Sabino Garro. "Perfil clínico e epidemiológico de indivíduos com suspeita de rinite alérgica na população de Roraima / Clinical and epidemiological profile of individuals with suspected allergic rhinitis in the Roraima population." Brazilian Journal of Health Review 3, no. 6 (2020): 18736–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv3n6-262.

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Sharma, Suksham, Ajay Wakhloo, and Gagan Singh. "Clinical profile of patients with pelvic adnexal masses." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 11 (October 25, 2018): 4684. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20184530.

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Background: Adnexal masses are frequent findings in women of all age groups. It consists of the ovaries, fallopian tubes and uterine ligaments. Women can present with various gynaecological complaints and adnexal masses could be detected while examining and investigating for these complaints. Aim was to study the clinical profile of women in reproductive age group presented with adnexal masses.Methods: The study comprised of 48 women of reproductive age group. Per speculum examination was done and PAP smear was taken before bimanual examination was done.A complete per vaginum examination was done and the adnexal mass was assessed for its size, side, consistency, laterality and tenderness.Results: Pain in the lower abdomen was the commonest chief complaint seen in 87.5% cases. Out of these, majority i.e.66.67% had chronic pelvic pain and 23% had pain of less than 1-month duration which were cases of ectopic pregnancy. 41.67% cases were suspected to have endometriosis,33.33% were suspected to have ovarian cyst, followed by ectopic pregnancy in 16.67% cases and tubo-ovarian mass in 8.33% cases.Conclusions: The present study shows that if proper preoperative evaluation is done, we can select the appropriate patients for laparoscopic approach.

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Guha, Kaberi, and Fatema Asraf. "Neonatal outcome of suspected fetal distress cases." Journal of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College 8, no. 1 (March 7, 2017): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v8i1.31500.

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Background: Perinatal mortality is closely related to the early and accurate recognition of foetal distress. Objective of the study was to find out neonatal outcome in suspected fetal distress cases.Methods: This was a cross sectional study done in ShSMCH. Purposively 38 samples were taken in three weeks time and clinical state related to fetal distress and neonatal outcome of them were observed.Results: Fetal movement were less in 36.8% cases. Abnormal fetal heart rate were present in 89.4% cases and in 47.4% cases amniotic fluid was meconium stained. First minute Apgar score was low in 36.8% cases and 47.4% were admitted in paediatric ward. The clinical profile for diagnosis of fetal distress was not significantly associated with low apgar scores.Conclusion: There was very little appreciation for assumption of fetal distress clinically.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2016, Vol.8(1); 23-25

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Kartikasari, Ulfah, Yani Sugiri, Imam Bayuadi, Dini Erawati, and Hendy Yudhanto. "Lobectomy Procedure in Reccurent Hemoptysis and History of Tuberculosis Treatment with Suspected Lung Mycosis." Malang Respiratory Journal 4, no. 1 (April 20, 2022): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.mrj.2022.004.01.5.

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Background : Hemoptysis is one of the often symptoms that complained in respiratory disease with fungal Infection. Jakarta reported that prevalency of Invasive Pulmonary aspergillosis is 7,7% and Pneumocystis pneumonia is 14.5%. Lung mycosis is still difficult to diagnosed so the management of therapy is often too late. The risk factors of lung mycosis in these patient are immunocompromised conditions with Diabetes Melitus, history of Tuberculosis treatment and COPD. The diagnosis criteria of systemic/invasive mycosis are proven, probable and possible. Proven criteria diagnosed is based on host factor, clinical finding and mycology whereas possible criteria diagnosed is based on host factor and clinical finding without mycology.Case Report: We report one case at Dr. Saiful Anwar hospital, Man, 43 years old with History of Tuberculosis Treatment and suspected as Lung Mycosis with chef complained hemoptoe recurrent in last 2 months, shortness of breath, cough, right chest pain, fever, night sweating and decrease of body weight 1-2kg in a month. From the physical examination we found percussion dullness and decreased of lung sound in the right upper thorax examination and laboratory results and chest xray there are suspicion of Aspergillosis. The results of XpertMtb/Rif sputum examination obtained that no Mycobacterium tuberculosis, sputum KOH was not found fungus, cytological sputum was obtained as Class II, and in bacterial sputum culture obtained Klebsiella pneumonia. The patient performed a bronchoscopic examination and continued with open thoracotomy surgery and lobectomy.Conclusion: In these patient the diagnosis of lung mycosis with suspicious of Aspergillosis has gone through a multidisciplinary approach covering the pulmonology, radiology, microbiology and anatomical pathology. Collaboration between doctors, researchers, and the pharmaceutical industry is required to resolve the problem of fungal diseases and can increase the profile of these diseases.

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Graham, Jinko, James Curran, and B. S. Weir. "Conditional Genotypic Probabilities for Microsatellite Loci." Genetics 155, no. 4 (August 1, 2000): 1973–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/155.4.1973.

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Abstract Modern forensic DNA profiles are constructed using microsatellites, short tandem repeats of 2–5 bases. In the absence of genetic data on a crime-specific subpopulation, one tool for evaluating profile evidence is the match probability. The match probability is the conditional probability that a random person would have the profile of interest given that the suspect has it and that these people are different members of the same subpopulation. One issue in evaluating the match probability is population differentiation, which can induce coancestry among subpopulation members. Forensic assessments that ignore coancestry typically overstate the strength of evidence against the suspect. Theory has been developed to account for coancestry; assumptions include a steady-state population and a mutation model in which the allelic state after a mutation event is independent of the prior state. Under these assumptions, the joint allelic probabilities within a subpopulation may be approximated by the moments of a Dirichlet distribution. We investigate the adequacy of this approximation for profiled loci that mutate according to a generalized stepwise model. Simulations suggest that the Dirichlet theory can still overstate the evidence against a suspect with a common microsatellite genotype. However, Dirichlet-based estimators were less biased than the product-rule estimator, which ignores coancestry.

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Chandra, Dr Surabhi, Dr Gunjan Kochar, Dr Lahar Sahai, Dr Rahul Jaiswal, and Dr Akansha Bajwa. "Clinical profile and outcome of suspect pediatric COVID-19 patients: Experience from a COVID hospital." Pediatric Review: International Journal of Pediatric Research 7, no. 6 (August 28, 2020): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17511/ijpr.2020.i06.03.

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Siddique, Nasir, Muhammad Amjad, Qazi L. Ahmad, Saleem U. Shahid, and Mohammad A. Tahir. "The Use of DNA Profiling in Identifying Murderers and Sexual Abusers: A Case Report." 99 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26735/jkmf6986.

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A first information report was registered at Police Station of Faisalabad District, Pakistan. A boy (7-8 years old) went to a nearby shop and went missing. He was last seen with the accused suspect on a motorcycle as reported by eye witnesses. His naked dead body was found from nearby sugarcane fields tied with his clothing. Autopsy revealed three incised wounds on the neck. The post-mortem was done and anal swabs were used for DNA profiling. Post mortem medico legal examination indicated sexual abuse of the boy prior to being murdered. Forensic DNA analysis confirmed that the seminal material found on anal swabs of the victim belonged to the suspect. The same DNA profile was also found from the samples of nail scratch swab samples of the victim. The suspect was confirmed to be the perpetrator.

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