Дисертації з теми "Production numérique"
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Ong, Lolet Yin-Ty. "Techniques numériques appliquées à la synthèse, aux traitements d'image et à la production vidéo." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA081695.
Glatard, Tristan. "Description, deployment and optimization of medical image analysis workflows on production grids." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE4049.
En permettant le partage à grande échelle de données et d'algorithmes et en fournissant une quantité importante de puissance de calcul et de stockage, les grilles de calcul sont des plates-formes intéressantes pour les applications d'analyse d'images médicales. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions un problème d'analyse d'images médicales qui s'avère être une application dimensionnante pour les grilles, conduisant au développement de nouvelles méthodes et outils pour la description, l'implémentation et l'optimisation de flots de traitements. Le problème applicatif étudié est l'évaluation de la précision d'algorithmes de recalage d'images médicales en l'absence de vérité terrain. Nous faisons passer à l'échelle une méthode statistique d'évaluation de ces algorithmes et nous montrons des résultats de précision sur une base de données liée au suivi de la radiothérapie du cerveau. Ces résultats permettent notamment de détecter des défauts très légers au sein des données. Nous étendons ce schéma pour quantifier l'impact de la compression des images sur la qualité du recalage. Cette application étant représentative de problèmes typiques survenant sur les grilles, nous nous attachons à son déploiement et à son exécution sur ce type d'infrastructures. Pour faciliter une parallélisation transparente, nous adoptons un modèle générique de flots de traitements, dont nous proposons une nouvelle taxonomie. Pour répondre aux limitations de performance des moteurs d'exécution de flots existants, nous présentons MOTEUR, qui permet d'exploiter les différents types de parallélisme inhérents à ces applications. La définition d'un nouvel opérateur de composition de données facilite la description des applications d'analyse d'images médicales sur les grilles. Par une comparaison entre la grille de production EGEE et des grappes dédiées de Grid'5000, nous mettons en évidence l'importance de la variabilité de la latence sur une grille de production. En conséquence, nous proposons un modèle probabiliste du temps d'exécution d'un flot de traitement sur une grille. Ce modèle est centré sur l'utilisateur : il considère la grille toute entière comme une boîte noire introduisant une latence aléatoire sur le temps d'exécution d'une tâche. A partir de ce modèle, nous proposons trois stratégies d'optimisation visant à réduire l'impact de la latence et de sa variabilité : (1) dans un flot de traitement, grouper les tâches séquentiellement liées permet de réduire la latence moyenne rencontrée, (2) optimiser la valeur du délai d'expiration des tâches prémunit contre les valeurs extrêmes de la latence et (3) optimiser la granularité des tâches permet de réduire le risque de rencontrer de fortes latences. Des accélérations significatives sont ainsi obtenues
Deverly, Stéphane. "Automatisation des traitements de l'image numérique appliquée aux effets spéciaux cinématographiques." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081129.
Delplace, Jean-Charles. "L'ingénierie numérique pour l'amélioration des processus décisionnels et opérationnels en fonderie." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2102.
Muhieddine, Mohamad. "Simulation numérique des structures de combustion préhistoriques." Rennes 1, 2009. ftp://ftp.irisa.fr/techreports/theses/2009/muhieddine.pdf.
Abstract In order to understand the ancient human behavior, it was necessary to find an appropriate methodology to study the nature and the mechanism of the prehistoric fires. This work presents numerical methods to solve the problem of heat diffusion in water saturated porous media and to determine the physical properties of the medium by inverse method. However, the first part of this work concerns the resolution of phase change problems using two approaches LHA (latent heat accumulation) and AHC (apparent heat capacity); this last one is used in what follows. We use systematically the method of lines which consists first on discretizing in space, by finite volume method with an implicit scheme and a modified Newton method to deal with the non linearity, or by hybrid mixed finite element with a semi-implicit scheme in time. In addition, the coupling diffusion-convection model has been studied leading to a system of differential algebraic equations solved by an appropriate solver. After the comparisons with the results of the real experiments realized at the archaeological site of Pincevent, the shown methods look interesting and the results are promissing. The second part of my Ph. D work is about the estimation of thermophysical properties of the archaeological soil by inverse problem. The Gauss-Newton method is used to solve the problem. The obtained results show a good convergence to the desired solution
Marcaillou, Clément. "Serpentinisation et production d'hydrogène en contexte de dorsale lente : approche expérimentale et numérique." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00676948.
Davidson, Andréa. "Les enjeux du numérique en danse : pour une chorégraphie interactive." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082658.
The introduction of digital technology in dance brings new digital stages appearing as interactive installations, CD-Roms and productions for Internet. The subject of our study is an interactive choreography for CD-Rom entitled La morsure (The Bite). The work experiments with links between choreography, drama, video, poetry and interactive programming. Our analysis examines the conditions of possibility of an interactive dance esthetic as a new style of choreographic writing emerging from the fluid play between the dance movement on the screen, the spectator’s gestures with the mouse and the movement of the interactivity, thus proposing a specific form of sensoriality and a new space for dance. Our thesis is organised around the metaphor of the stage. Five sections develop the notion of a stage as an artistic sphere, scenography (of the computer screen), interactive mise en scène (the stage of the mouse pad), dramaturgy (of the interactivity) and special moment of the spectator-actor
Kadiri, Moulay Saddik. "Compression de poudres pharmaceutiques et interaction avec l'outillage. Analyse expérimentale et modélisation numérique." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7392/1/kadiri.pdf.
Kadiri, Moulay Saddik. "Compression de poudres pharmaceutiques et interaction avec l'outillage. Analyse expérimentale et modélisation numérique." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPT033G.
Lallemand, Ianis. "Matière en acte : les rapports entre conception et matérialité dans la production matérielle numérique." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLET004.
Recent developments in digital fabrication practices across the fields of art, architecture and design have inspired the notion of a “new materiality” — a rethinking of our relationship to the physical world in light of the ever-increasing convergence between robotics, computation and materials science. Yet, the very use of computer-controlled machinery remains, more often than not, envisioned in terms of a passive understanding of matter. This thesis aims at offering an updated vision of the relationship between materiality and design, by developing new production schemes allowing for an expression of material agency. Criticizing the traditional idea of a prescriptive, deterministic link between design and fabrication, the proposed argument reframes authority as a shared resource, spread through a network of productive and autonomous agents. The thesis' main outcomes consist in a set of practical methodologies as well as an encompassing conceptual framework, which may both be reinvested by other practitioners. Informed by and grounded in practice, the research builds on five experiments, adopting a prospective approach towards programming and digital fabrication. Drawing on authors like Gilbert Simondon and Andrew Pickering, the accompanying conceptualization allows for a reflexive discussion of the thesis' practical developments, while situating them in respect to such historical precedents as non standard production and cybernetics
Benzoni-Gavage, Sylvie. "Analyse numérique des modèles hydrodynamiques d'écoulements diphasiques instationnaires dans les réseaux de production pétrolière." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10226.
Demnati, Alia. "L'industrie de l'animation japonaise aux prises avec l'image numérique : la réponse d'Oshii Mamoru (1995-2004)." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2020. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=5034&f=31065.
In Japan, the period running from 1995 to 2004 shows a general movement of the animation industry toward the development of the digital in the production. Several challenging projects were launched then, but only a few met completion and seldom as planned. Despite those mixed results, the surviving productions shows a variety of approaches, attesting the different paths explored by the production teams.Oshii Mamoru (1951-) is one the film-makers who took part in this exploratory movement and his practice, during the same period, shifts from a cautious and mimetic use of digital images (1989-1995) to a visually striking manifestations, integrated into each level of meaning of the films. This experimental phase starts in 1995 with the production of G.R.M. (Garumu senki), an hybrid film whose ambition is to put together animated drawings, live action elements and computer graphics in order to design a visual (and diegetic) world entirely original. Technically and aesthetically demanding, the project is difficult to fund and despite the strategies deployed by Bandai Visual, its producing company, the production is discontinued in 1998. However, the investigations led by Oshii and his team into the professional and visual organisation of the hybrid production find their expression with two subsequent movies, presented by the cineast as a pair: Avalon (2001) and Ghost in the Shell 2: Innocence (2004).With Avalon, digital techniques are used to rework and recompose, sometimes one by one, the frames captured by the live action camera, thus going beyond the sole SFX function to transform the live action picture into an animated picture. With Innocence, hand-painted elements are applied as textures on 3D models in order to generate depth effects unfamiliar in classical Japanese (hand-)animated drawings. Used in this way, digital images create a graphic and dynamic shift between the hand-drawn hand-animated characters and their computer generated surroundings, a shift they alternatively intensify or reduce (moving on the mimetic spectrum) depending on the needs of the scenario and the themes carried by the film. The two works indeed share an integration of digital images to their respective narration and diegetic universes: Avalon describes a quest for truth within a video game while Innocence is set in a world where electronic data has pervaded people's cognitive and mnemonic functions.The present dissertation shows that, on the one hand, conspicuity of the digital images in the three productions pertains to an economic requirement for technical demonstration, related to the situation of Japanese animation industry at the time, while on the other hand, and above all, it constitutes the film-maker’s original response, of narrative, aesthetic and theoretical nature, to the question of the place to assign to digital images within the cinematographic practice
Molina, Martinez Miguel-Angel. "Photographier la peinture : de la photographie document de l’oeuvre à la photographie de notation." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN20042/document.
Stains of color on the floor have always existed in the studio. I do not know how, suddenly, one day, I saw them, not as“picturesque” mess but as painting; a painting on the floor; extensions of the painting beyond its edges. I photographedthese paint stains like other phenomena peripheral to the painting. Photographic practice in the studio generateddocuments that incarnated a way of looking at the painting being made. Today, I think that this photographicactivity greatly contributed to an emerging awareness of my work in painting and what it became thereafter.Recording artworks in photographs is part of what we could call the production of documents for archives.These images are destined to preserve a memory, create files or illustrate websites or publications.I have observed among other painters of my generation that the change to digital not only developed postproductionwork directly linked to recording artworks – most often done by the artist him/herself – but alsofacilitated a parallel photographic activity that certain artists see as similar to note taking or sketching.Photographing one’s own work involves showing both the artwork and the way we look at it. But most often,these images are documents. The archival image becomes artwork in an operation by which, according to OlivierCorpet, the archive prevents the artwork closing in on itself, from degrading itself, or even becoming lost:the archive can thus save it and put it back in motion
Morkos, Tonia. "Lien entre l'utilisation de l'écrit numérique en messagerie instantanée et la qualité de la production orthographique." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20043.
This thesis aims at defining the nature of the link between the use of digital writing in instant messaging and the quality of spelling performance. That is why it was necessary to understand what happens from a cognitive perspective when adolescents – who are exposed to the standards of spelling almost every day – produce standard and digital writing. We carried on with the research work that has been performed so far by dividing our analysis into two sections (the first that aims at deeply defining digital writing in instant messaging; the second at identifying the nature of the link that has been mentioned supra). First, we have defined (a) digital writing when it was used by adolescents, identified (b) the kind of knowledge which may be impacted and that allows producing modifications (which are the modified words in digital writing), and tried (c) to know whether the context of production has an influence on adolescent performance. Second, we tried to know (d) whether the spelling level is related to the production of modification, (e) whether using some modifications is more at risk than using others, and (f) whether being exposed to digital writing in instant messaging has consequences on the quality of spelling performance. For this thesis, we used different types of methodology by analyzing corpuses, comparing performances by taking the media into account (standard or digital) or the group (e.g., French speaking and English speaking). The first part of results showed that (a) digital writing in instant messaging is closer to the oral code than the written code, that (b) the kind of knowledge that may be impacted (related to the value of letters) corresponds to the one which allows producing both spelling and modifications, and that (c) the context of production (between French speaking and English speaking adolescents) has as much influence on performance than orthographic depth of a language. The second part of results showed that (d) the adolescents with a good spelling level produce more modifications than adolescents with a low spelling level, that (e) the modifications that can be confused with misspellings are more at risk than those that cannot, and that (f) being exposed to digital writing in instant messaging for adolescents whose spelling level is low and whose spelling knowledge is still being consolidated has negative consequences on spelling performance. To finish, the nature of the link differs according to the spelling level of participants (even if the context of production has an influence on performance unconditionally). On the one hand, it is proved to be negative for adolescents whose spelling level is low and whose spelling knowledge is still being consolidated. The phonetisation of writing, the production of modifications that can be confused with misspellings, and the associated risk when knowledge related to the value of letters is not yet consolidated have something to do with it. On the other hand, it is proved to be neutral for adolescents with a high spelling level
Pineau, Pierre. "Etude numérique de la production et de la propagation d'ondes non linéaires dans les jets supersoniques." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEC034/document.
Numerical simulations are carried out with the aim of investigating the formation of nonlinear steepened waves at the origin of crackle in the near acoustic field of supersonic jets. In these simulations, the compressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved in cylindrical coordinates using high-order low-dissipative and low-dispersive finite difference schemes.Four temporally-developing isothermal round jets are first simulated at Mach numbers of~2 and~3 and at Reynolds numbers ranging from 3,125 to 50,000. Strong acoustic waves containing sharp pressure variations are observed in the vicinity of the jets. Their formation process is described by the computation of conditional averages which are triggered by the detection of strong pressure peaks in the near field. Such steepened waves are then shown to be produced by the supersonic motion of coherent structures inside the jet shear layers.Temperature effects are then investigated by considering five temporal round jets at temperature ratios of 1, 2 and~4 and at acoustic Mach numbers of 2, 2.8 and 4. For a given jet speed, the sound levels produced by the hot jets are lower than those of the isothermal one. However, the properties of the steepened waves they generate are not significantly affected by a rise of temperature. On the contrary, when the Mach number is held constant, pressure levels are higher at high temperature. The skewness and kurtosis factors of pressure fluctuations are also increased, which indicates a strengthening of the asymmetry and the intermittency of the pressure fluctuations. It is likely that the influence of temperature on these waves results from the variations of the convection speed, which is found to significantly increase with temperature at constant Mach number, but to slightly decrease at constant jet speed.Finally, three simulations of spatially-developing axisymmetric, isothermal and hot jets at a Mach number of~2 and at Reynolds numbers of 12500 and 50000 are performed. Strong Mach waves possessing the distinctive features of crackle are visible in the near vicinity of the jets. As observed for temporal simulations, their formations are associated with the supersonic motion of large-scale coherent structures inside the jet shear layers. The far acoustic field is determined using linear as well as nonlinear extrapolation methods. When nonlinear propagation effects are taken into account, a further steepening of the wavefronts is observed with increasing propagation distance
Ikni, Djamel. "Production d’énergie marine : intégration de la production éolienne offshore dans un bouquet énergétique décentralisé." Thesis, Le Havre, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEHA0020/document.
The research work performed in this thesis is in the framework of issues related of renewable energies led by GREAH laboratory. The research work has been funded by Le Havre Municipality Assembly (CODAH). The requirements of power fluctuations in the grid are given by the grid code established by the electricity utilities companies in order to mitigate the impact of the wind power fluctuation on frequency and voltage in electrical grid. As wind energy has a fluctuating behavior, solutions have been proposed in this thesis for the situation where the power produced by an offshore wind power plant exceeds the threshold given by the grid code. Among the solutions, we can quote the ability of the wind power plant to smooth its own power production or integrate storage units. In the first case, the use of power reserve in wind turbines is possible and two methods have been proposed, and their performance evaluated. For the second solution, a methodology to find and to choose out the storage technology has been discussed. Proposals to build offshore wind farms with technologies using direct current (DC) have emerged. To get a coupling which fulfills the requirement of good reliability of power electronic devices used for the design of new wind farms, it has been proposed in this thesis adequate converters and control strategies that ensure their stability
Roblin, Simon. "Etude numérique de l'auto-inflammation des solides par simulation numérique directe : application au polyméthacrylate de méthyle." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ESMA0023/document.
Fire propagation on the scale of buildings and cities is a major stake. It is conditioned by the ignition of solid fuels in rooms adjacent to the one where the disaster originally takes place. The ignition is so piloted by the initiation of the combustion reaction of the gaseous mixture stemming from the thermal decomposition of the condensed phase induced by heat transfer.Two types of ignition are defined in the literature: piloted-ignition related to the presence of a hot spot and auto-ignition resulting from the thermal runaway within the gas phase. The auto-ignition plays a major role in the context of fire spread between rooms. However, this process has been very little experimentally studied, because of its complexity, and only theoretical analyses were lead concerning the phenomena which take place during solid fuels auto ignition.The aim of the present study is to characterize auto-ignition regimes according to various solid typologies (regarding to thermal and kinetic behaviour) in order to understand better their processes and their occurrence conditions. Thereby, this fine understanding allows to develop global models of fire spread for a deterministic consideration of the fire hazards at urban scale.The brief and local character of the auto-ignition requires the choice of a complete resolution for flows, transfers and chemistry. Thus, the Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) was selected to capture the phenomena, with the introduction of a fine and non-infinitely fast chemistry of thermal decomposition and combustion
Schamper, Cyril. "Etude par simulation du suivi d'un réservoir en production par méthodes ElectroMagnétiques." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066608.
Low frequency electromagnetic methods from a controlled source (CSEM : Controlled Cource ElectroMagnetic) have been applied for a little more than a decade in oil exploration. As a complement to seismic methods, they permit lowering of the risk of «dry holes», since they are more sensitive to the nature of the uid contained in rock. Because of the numerous successes encountered, and experience acquired, petroleum companies foresee extending application of CSEM to the monitoring of reservoirs under production. The principal problems are monitoring the oil-water interface to avoid loss of production due to invasion by water, and to estimate the e_ciency of improved techniques on the recovery rate for production (EOR : Enhanced Oil Recovery). The interface of oil and water is subject to an essentially lateral displacement due of low thickness of hydrocarbon reservoirs having an area that exceeds several square kilometres. The work of this thesis, done in partnership between UPMC and CGG Veritas, consists of the theoretical feasibility of monitoring CSEM for the lateral displacement of oil-water interface with a n apparatus that permits obtaining information on the distribution of uids for a large surface reservoir. We are particularly interested in the land milieu. After an examination of the status of applied geophysical methods on the monitoring for hydrocarbon reservoirs, a presentation of the theory of simulation algorithms is made. For this thesis, two codes have been developed, parallelized and used on parallel machines for which the calculation grid is European, EGEE. The _rst uses the semi-analytic Method of Moments for the frequency domain, and by extension, for the time domain. The second is based on _nite di_erence for the time domain. The development is more concentrated on the Method of Moments (code : EM MOM). The EM MOM code was able to be tested during a cooperative mission with CIPR (Center for Integrated Petroleum Research) at the University of Bergen, Norway. The code permitted doing a sensitivity analysis in the frequency domain to identify device geometries better adapted to the monitoring of a hydrocarbon reservoir (depth of 1000 meters). The apparatus that yields the greatest sensitivity consists of a vertical dipole source buried at mid depth between the top of the reservoir and the ground surface, and of horizontal receptors for electrical _eld set on the ground surface. The level of 4D signal, i. E. , the di_erence of measured _eld at two di_erent instants («time lapse») remains at a level slightly over the ambient noise, which can largely be eliminated by summation (vertical stacking). A series of measures of ambient noise done by CGGVeritas, presented in the _rst part of this thesis, establishes this observation. A 4D inversion algorithm has demonstrated the possibility of interpreting the synthetic CSEM data by using a single position of source, and an array of receivers positioned on the surface. The images drawn from the inversion trials show the oil-water interface very well. The neglect of a narrow layer of a dozen meters having a strong contrast in conductivity with the terrain environment, is practically annulled for the signal measured at the surface, but reduces the resolution of the oil-water boundary in 4D inversion. A high level of knowledge of the distribution of electrical conductivity for the entire terrain environment is therefore necessary for the inversion of 4D CSEM data. Iv
Gillet, Thomas. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation numérique d'un système de climatisation multi-évaporateurs pour véhicule électrifié." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI052.
With the arrival of plug-in hybrid and fully electrified vehicles, the air-conditioning system has to be reconsidered. Battery cooling management system and high level of comfort for passengers make the single evaporator air-conditioning system a multi-evaporator one. In a multi-evaporator air-conditioning system, evaporating pressures are equal in each evaporator so that evaporators are coupled dynamically. However, the demand in cooling capacity and temperature target can vary from each other. For an operating point with a first evaporator working at high load and a second at low partial load, thermal interaction can occur from the superheated refrigerant coming from a first evaporator to the outlet of a second evaporator. This phenomenon makes the second evaporator sleeping since its expansion valve bulb misreads the superheat and closes. Furthermore, sleeping evaporator looks like an extreme case of refrigerant maldistribution in the evaporator. Refrigerant maldistribution is then investigated to show some drawbacks and advantages multi-evaporator air-conditioning systems (MEAC) have to face or can benefit by comparing two types of expansion valve: thermostatic and electronic ones. In this paper, sleeping evaporator and refrigerant maldistribution phenomena are experimentally investigated in order to propose in the future a robust control of an automotive MEAC. A test bench was built to compare two types of expansion valves (thermostatic/electronic) and study their behaviours in steady and transient state to tackle sleeping evaporators and benefit from refrigerant maldistribution. An automotive multi-evaporator air conditioning system, which is composed of two evaporators and a secondary fluid cooler, was modeled using the LMS Imagine.Lab Amesim® 1D software. The present study focuses on understanding the dynamic coupling of the several loop components such as the three evaporators having different cooling capacities. This kind of multi-evaporator air-conditioning system has a number of technological barriers that must be overcome. Understanding the behavior of their respective expansion devices and the choice of these latter is also essential to control properly the transient phase and ensure an optimal operation of the air-conditioning system. In order to study the behavior of the loop, step disturbances were simulated on an operating point at medium and high load. The impact of these disturbances on the stability of the supplied cooled air temperature is analyzed for two types of expansion valve. Initial results show that the thermostatic expansion valves can cause instabilities. Furthermore, the electronic expansion valves have to be regulated with an advanced control in order to use their full potential and to try to achieve desired results
Grosbois, Muriel. "Projet collectif de création d'une ressource numérique comme levier d'apprentissage de l'anglais." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133485.
- Comment le scénario de formation proposé interroge-t-il le schéma d'acquisition d'une L2 ?
- Un tel scénario contribue-t-il au développement de la production orale des stagiaires, compétence dont ils ont le plus besoin dans l'exercice de leur profession ?
Afin de cerner l'impact de la formation sur les processus d'acquisition linguistique et plus particulièrement sur le développement de l'output oral des apprenants, nous analysons les différentes tâches inhérentes au projet à la lumière des théories d'acquisition et de l'approche socioculturelle, ainsi que le contexte interactionnel instauré par les participants. Nous prenons également en compte le fait que les échanges avec les partenaires anglophones se font à distance, au moyen du courriel, et examinons les effets qu'un input authentique exclusivement écrit engendre sur la production orale des stagiaires, le risque encouru étant d'accentuer le phénomène de nativisation.
Mesurer la portée et les limites du dispositif en regard de l'objectif fixé permet de déboucher sur de nouvelles propositions de formation, conformément au cycle de la recherche-action.
Favarel, Camille Benjamin. "Optimisation de générateurs thermoélectriques pour la production d’électricité." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3010/document.
A major concern of research in the field of energy is the decrease in the production of greenhouse gas emissions and reducing our ecological footprint. Thermoelectric generators participate in a comprehensive approach to energy efficiency by directly converting a part of the thermal energy that flows through in electricity. This work explore strategies for integrating thermoelectric modules in sets defined by end users using a methodology based on a complete systems modelling from heat flow to power generation. A numerical code coupling equations of heat transfers and thermoelectricity was developed and used to observe the influence of several parameters on the production of electricity (flow and temperature of the hot source, flow and temperature of the cold source, type of thermoelectric modules, module location...). The validation of this model has necessitated the construction and the instrumentation of several experimental prototypes which for the most important is a hot air loop supplying a prototype flexible thermoelectric generator. The design and the realization of dedicated electrical converters to research the maximum operating point (MPPT) was performed to test these prototypes optimal adaptation issue. Finally, an optimization method applied to the model delivers us the number of modules and their location for maximum power production. A tool for design and optimization of thermoelectric generators is now available. It has allowed us to study the feasibility of an integrated thermoelectric generation in a variety of systems such as the automobile using exhaust gas or a specific cook stove for developing countries
Werlé, Carol. "Conception et mise en oeuvre dans un environnement de production d'un système infographique appliqué aux techniques de reprographie numérique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/1992/WERLE_Carol_1992.pdf.
During the two last decades, manufacturers of graphic workstations have been working hard in order to design and market development platforms with reliable and high performing architectures enabling both modelisation and processing of numerical reprography. Until recently, a few big manufacturers developing specific solutions, more reliable than efficient, shared the prepress market. However, more and more software houses are choosing the conceptual and then technical design of different prepress systems based on standard hardware collecting the last available electronic and programming technologies. Every passing year, with the replacement of one workstation with one of greater performance, it becomes rather obvious that the future of the prepress industry definitely belongs to this kind of equipment, cheaper than a dedicated hardware but also and above all, more flexible, i. E. Upgradable, for adaptation to new technological innovations. However, until today, none of these new architectures has ever been at the center of an experimental site within a traditional repro house. Such a development seems to be useful, even unavoidable in order to define precisely the possible evolution of those new technologies which offer, as we will see, real productive useroriented solutions. The work described in this document has led to the realisation of a system which went from an experimental level to a productive one as soon as September 1991. A first part locates the problematic of digital page layout and outlines the state of the art in the current technologies involved on the market. The second part of this work consists in a non-exhaustive analysis of specific tools to be integrated within a digital production line for the prepress industry. A third part presents the conceptual study as well as the experimental evolution of the production tool resulting from the needs of a "digital" printing industry. As a conclusion, we present a synthesis of the work accomplished together with a critical analysis proposing an evolution of the created configuration
Lancien, Théa. "Étude numérique de l'allumage diphasique de foyers annulaires multi-brûleurs." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC072/document.
Ignition is one of the critical issues that arise in the design and dimensioning of aeronautic combustors, in particular when new technologies are envisioned to reduce the amount of pollutants generated by the combustion of fossil fuels. It is therefore important to achieve a detailed understanding of this complex process in realistic conditions in order to enable informed design choices leading to reliable, stable and safe operation of the engines.Large eddy simulations of the light-round with two phase injection are carried out for three operating conditions and compared to experimental data in terms of flame structure and global duration. The liquid phase is described with a mono-disperse Eulerian approach.A detailed analysis of the three numerical light-round sequences allows to identify some key aspects of the flame propagation in the two-phase mixture. Interactions between the flame, the flow field and the liquid sprays create heterogeneities in the liquid repartition and wakes on the downstream side of the swirling jets formed by the injectors, with notable effects on the motion of the leading point and on the absolute flame velocity.Finally, heat losses at the walls are accounted for during the light-round in order to assess the simulation's ability to retrieve the marked slowdown of the flame propagation observed experimentally when the quartz walls are at ambient temperature
Chouikhi, Najib. "Production de biométhane à partir de biogaz par technologie de séparation par adsorption PSA : optimisation numérique par approche multi-échelle." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST043.
As global interest in renewable energy intensifies, biogas production continues to grow as a clean, renewable source. Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) is considered as one of the most interesting technologies for the valorization of biogas into biomethane. The great flexibility of the PSA process is linked in some way to its complexity with several design and operating parameters which control the performance of the separation unit. The identification of these parameters by an experimental approach is practically impossible. A numerical study stage is essential for sizing the unit, designing the pressure cycle and identifying the optimal operating conditions before any experimental test.The general objective of the thesis was focused on the development of simulation tools for a biomethane purification process using PSA technology.In a first stage, a simulation based on one-dimensional non-isothermal dynamic model, where the intragranular mass transfer kinetics was modelled using a double driving force (bi-LDF) approximation, was implemented. A carbon molecular sieve (CMS-3K) was selected. This adsorbent ensures a high kinetic selectivity of carbon dioxide with respect to methane (CH4). The optimized cycle, composed of five columns and fifteen steps including three equalization steps and a purge gas recycling allowed a CH4 recovery of 92% with a moderate specific energy consumption of 0.35 kWh/Nm3 , at the same time respecting the grid injection specifications (97% CH4 purity ). The performance obtained is thus compatible with industrial operation.The development of a multidimensional (3D) and multi-scale (column/grain/crystal) numerical model would serve to evaluate the limits of the assumptions and correlations used in usual simulators. The first step consists in simulating the gas flow in an adsorbent bed having a reaslistic stacking.. Thus, an inert packed bed was numerically generated by DEM calculation (discrete element modeling) for a column of laboratory size. The use of OpenFOAM (CFD software) allowed to calculate the three-dimensional tracer gas flow in the column. In parallel an experimental study of the breakthrough curves was carried out using a bed having the same dimensions and characteristics. The breakthrough times and the dispersion-diffusion coefficients calculated and measured were similar. However the simulation showed some divergences in the concentration of the tracer locally in the column, due to difficulties in meshing. The next step will consist in taking into account grain-fluid interactions by considering porous adsorbent grains
Herpe, Julien. "Caractérisation des performances des surfaces d'échange basée sur l'évaluation numérique du taux de production d'entropie : Application aux échangeurs de chaleur d'automobiles." Valenciennes, 2007. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/3074eb79-699c-460a-8414-06d91163304f.
This thesis presents a methodology for the characterization of automotive finned tube heat exchanger performances, which is based on the second law of thermodynamics. In order to integrate this methodology as a part of an optimization platform of finned surfaces, the proposed approach is based on the numerical tools. The study is focused on the estimation of the entropy production number N s1 = ƒ (S gen) and on the evolution of this criterion with respects to the key parameters of the fin surface design. A RANS approach is used to calculate each term of the entropy production rate S gen. We focus our attention on the entropy production rate near the wall and specific near wall treatments for the entropy production terms are introduced and discussed. With all local information obtained, the entropy production criterion is calculated. The methodology is first applied to a finned tube with longitudinal vortices generators. The angle of attack of the vortices generators and the fin material are modified in order to study the influence of the conjugated heat transfer on the entropy production rate. As a second step, louvered fins are examined. The influences on N s1 of the operating point, of the thermal contact resistance between the tube and the fin, and of geometrical parameters are examined. This study reveals the existence of a thermodynamic optimum which depends on these parameters. The entropy production number that links the viscous and thermal dissipation terms shows a competition between two antagonist phenomena and permits to determine the boundary that characterize the predominance of the one with respect to the other
Ahmed-Boumaza, Amina. "Production et réception de la communication numérique persuasive des PME de luxe au Maghreb : l’influence des e-leaders sur les réseaux sociaux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0578.
For twenty years, Internet use in the Maghreb has experienced strong growth. The increase in Internet users in this region of the world has brought about significant changes in Maghreb society in the political but also economic fields. The democratization of the Internet in the Maghreb has taken place through social networks as access was initially often limited to social platforms. Our thesis is intended to study the influencing devices set up on social networks by luxury companies in the Maghreb. We study the production methods of these persuasive devices but also their reception and their effects on social users / consumers. Digital social networks have been able to acquire a new dimension while keeping certain bases specific to the traditional social network. These platforms have been able to significantly impact businesses in the Maghreb and amplify the influence characteristics of the traditional social network very focused on the community and the group in this region. Thus, our thesis, which is part of SIC, offers a detailed analysis, on the one hand, of the conception of persuasive communication on social networks with the use of e-ledares by luxury SMEs in the Maghreb, producers of affecting. On the other hand, we are looking at the reception of this persuasive digital communication by consumers. We use a qualitative methodology and in particular semi-structured interviews to question, on the one hand, decision-makers in luxury SMEs in the Maghreb and, on the other hand, consumers. The goal is to understand how everyone perceives this communication on social networks and its influence
Pavie, Hugues. "Synthèse d'images texturées : application au domaine de la production en télévision." Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD682.
Soum-Glaude, Audrey. "Analyses expérimentales et simulation numérique d'un procédé PACVD pour le dépôt de couches minces à vocation mécanique." Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0760.
Hard silicon carbide based films (a-SiC:H) grown from the plasma decomposition of a unique precursor (tetramethylsilane TMS) diluted in argon are obtained in a capacitively coupled low frequency (n= 50 KHz, DC bias = -50;-300V) PACVD device at surface temperature lower than 850K. The evolution of their microstructure (FTIR, XPS, EDS) is described in regard with the experimental parameters. Those parameters permit to check the effect of the surface reactivity, the nature of plasma reactive neutrals through gas residence time and TMS content and the energy of ions impinging the growing film through surface DC bias. The increase of gas residence time leads to a reduction of bonded hydrogen and silicon contents (Si/C vary from 1. 6 to 0. 6), Si-C band absorption decreases to the benefit of Si-(CH2)n-Si environments (FTIR). The energy of impinging ions during growth permits to control the sp3 carbon rate (C-C and C-H) over its sp2 form and C-Si bonds. Hardness (H) and Young modulus (E) of films, determined by nanoindentation, are respectively ranging from 15 to 31 GPa and 130 to 225 GPa depending on the experimental parameters. By exploiting process parameters - specifically the ion bombardment – high H3/E2 ratios are obtained. Such films are good candidates for mechanical applications under high load : aeronautics, space, precision mechanics. The tribological behaviour is correlated to the microstructure. Friction coefficients below 0. 16 are obtained in dry air against steel antagonist
Joyeux, Daniel. "Etudes expérimentales et numériques de la production des suies dans des flammes de diffusion turbulentes." Rouen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ROUES049.
Boucher, Marie-Amélie. "Le défi de l'intertitude : de la production de prévisions hydrologiques d'ensemble à leur utilisation opérationnelle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27697/27697.pdf.
Molina, Martinez Miguel-Angel. "Photographier la peinture : de la photographie document de l'oeuvre à la photographie de notation." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00779308.
Zrikem, Maria. "Optimisation du routage de câbles dans les installations de production d'électricité." Paris, CNAM, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CNAM0394.
Chacon, Geneviève. "La production de l'actualité à l'ère numérique : une étude de la pratique des journalistes de la Tribune de la presse sur les réseaux socionumériques." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27646.
This thesis focuses on the contemporary practice of political journalism in Québec. More precisely, it investigates the practice of parliamentary journalists online and specifically on social networking sites. Since now, few studies have analysed how political journalists use social media platforms, particularly in non-US contexts and outside of election campaigns. This work aims to fill this gap in journalism studies and political communication literatures by asking three main questions: (1) how and to what extent do political journalists use internet and social media in their professional practice; (2) what are their motivations to do so; (3) how these uses and motivations influence norms and standards of political journalism? Andrew Chadwick’s (2013) hybrid media system theoretical approach guided us through our study of political journalism. This perspective allowed us to conceptualize political communication processes as a hybridization of old and new technologies, genres, practices and norms. To better understand political journalism in the digital age, we conducted a case study of the practices of parliamentary journalists of the National Assembly Press Gallery in Quebec. We developed an innovating mixed methods design which includes a quantitative content analysis of the messages posted by the parliamentary correspondents, on the microblogging site Twitter, and a series of 28 semi-structured interviews with these journalists. Based on these observations, we draw an overall picture of the parliamentary journalists’ uses of internet and social networking sites. Then, we examine in closer details a few dimensions of their practice online, paying specific attention to their uses of Twitter. First, we analyze how and to what extent they convey information in real time. We also investigated the reasons that motivate them to do so. Our data reveals that instantaneity is not only the result of technological affordances. Intense competition in the media industry, a constant quest for visibility and organizational pressures were cited as key motivations to convey information immediately, which became the norm. Second, we studied journalists’ openness to public participation in the construction of political news. More specifically, we looked for elements of transparency, dialog and gatekeeping sharing in the messages conveyed by Quebec political journalists on Twitter. Except for transparency, these elements were rare. The specificity of parliamentary journalism and the way journalists conceived their audience were cited as barriers to the public’s participation in the construction of political news. Finally, we examined political journalists’ relationship with the normative ideal of objectivity, a central norm of North American journalism. We observed the presence of self-promotion and, to a lesser extent, opinion and humour in the messages published by parliamentary journalists on Twitter. This thesis documents an emerging practice during its development. It presents original data on Quebec political journalists’ practice on social networking sites. It describes the complex and hybrid character of their practice. It also shows how economic and organizational factors contribute to shape the uses of technological tools. In a context of crisis in the media industry, competition and organizational pressures encourage practices of immediacy and self-promotion. Despite the interactive potential of social networking sites, journalists’ attitude toward public participation in the construction of political news remains relatively closed, with a few individual exceptions. Political journalists are still attached to the norm of objectivity, but their online practices also shows elements of subjectivity. These continuities and transformations described by Quebec political correspondents are part of a broader debate in the journalistic community. Our work aims to contribute to this discussion by shedding light on a quickly evolving and highly uncertain context.
Kladou, Ekaterini. "Analyse critique d'une méthode simplifiée de caractérisation hydrodynamique des sols : étude expérimentale et numérique." Grenoble 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990GRE10109.
Carmassi, Mathieu. "Uncertainty quantification and calibration of a photovoltaic plant model : warranty of performance and robust estimation of the long-term production." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLA042/document.
Field experiments are often difficult and expensive to make. To bypass these issues, industrial companies have developed computational codes. These codes intend to be representative of the physical system, but come with a certain amount of problems. The code intends to be as close as possible to the physical system. It turns out that, despite continuous code development, the difference between the code outputs and experiments can remain significant. Two kinds of uncertainties are observed. The first one comes from the difference between the physical phenomenon and the values recorded experimentally. The second concerns the gap between the code and the physical system. To reduce this difference, often named model bias, discrepancy, or model error, computer codes are generally complexified in order to make them more realistic. These improvements lead to time consuming codes. Moreover, a code often depends on parameters to be set by the user to make the code as close as possible to field data. This estimation task is called calibration. This thesis first proposes a review of the statistical methods necessary to understand Bayesian calibration. Then, a review of the main calibration methods is presented with a comparative example based on a numerical code used to predict the power of a photovoltaic plant. The package called CaliCo which allows to quickly perform a Bayesian calibration on a lot of numerical codes is then presented. Finally, a real case study of a large photovoltaic power plant will be introduced and the calibration carried out as part of a performance monitoring framework. This particular case of industrial code introduces numerical calibration specificities that will be discussed with two statistical models
Zitouni, Abdelghani. "Etude taxonomique et des propriétés antagonistes des Nocardiopsis et des Saccharothrix des sols sahariens et production de nouveaux antibiotiques par Saccharothrix sp. SA 103." Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPT005A.
Cheutet, Vincent. "Contribution à la continuité des flux d'informations et de connaissances dans le lien conception-production." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00801687.
Blanc, François. "Production de son par couplage écoulement / résonateur acoustique : étude des paramètres de facture de flûtes par expérimentations et simulations numériques." Phd thesis, Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066616.
Blanc, François. "Production de son par couplage écoulement / résonateur accoustique : étude des paramètres de facture de flûtes par expérimentations et simulations numériques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00476600.
Danjou, Christophe. "Ingénierie de la chaîne numérique d'industrialisation : proposition d'un modèle d'interopérabilité pour la conception-fabrication intégrées." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2234/document.
This work focuses on the knowledge and the data management extracted from the manufacturing to ensure the interoperability in the digital chain. According to the extended enterprise and the factory of the future context, the aeronautics manufacturers tend to a design and manufacturing integrated platform in order to get a right part the first time.This work focus on manufacturing process control and capitalization of know-how from the manufacturing aiming at answering the following issue : How to enable interoperability for the digital production process in order to ensure an integrated and agile design and manufacturing ? This issue is addressed with two proposals : OntoSTEP-NC which focuses on how to model and structure the manufacturing knowledge from the CNC machine and Closed-Loop Manufacturing which focuses on how to re-use and integrate the information feedback from manufacturing to process engineering. Both combined those two proposals address the main issue of this work defining an interoperability framework for the factory of the future and address trends like the definition of guidelines for manufacturing in extended enterprise context. This work has been validated through a demonstrator and an industrial case study with various scenarios
Sabine, Anastasia. "Production et circulation d’informations médicales personnelles sur le web et les objets connectés." Thesis, Paris 13, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA131044.
Non communiqué
Terzieva, Bozhinova Krastanka. "Le rôle des tâches et du numérique pour le développement de la production écrite en français L3 : le cas d'étudiants maîtrisant l'anglais L2 en milieu universitaire bulgare." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT2007.
This thesis in foreign language and culture learning and teaching examines the case of French as a third language (L3) at a university in Bulgaria, which uses English as the only language of instruction. Given the learners’ difficulties in writing, the research question focused on how to organize the learning process in order to meet the needs of this plurilingual population. The action research methodology was chosen as most appropriate to the objectives of this study. We designed a blended learning system, based on the socioconstructivist and emergentist concepts and theories, which aimed at organizing the learning process in a dynamic configuration of tasks. The contributions of research in third language acquisition were also considered. The tasks were based on digital tools allowing navigation between multiple languages. Cognitive processes were encouraged as students benefitted from input flooding, asynchronous and synchronous teacher’s scaffolding and peer collaboration. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data was used to study the role of the feedback and the input, as well as to extract the recurring writing strategies related to the use of tools. The results indicate that the dynamic learning system is likely to encourage creativity and accelerate learning. However, the development of the learners’ metasystem is an important factor. Students assess very positively the learning program, particularly due to the fact that the tasks obtained a real social validation
Ségoufin, Claire. "Production du son par interaction écoulement / résonateur acoustique : influence du système amont : application à la flûte à bec." Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066605.
Apparigliato, Romain. "Règles de décision pour la gestion du risque : Application à la gestion hebdomadaire de la production électrique." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004166.
Guérineau, Julia. "Le développement de produits multidisciplinaires à l’ère du numérique et de la connectivité ubiquitaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COMP2667.
In the overall context of transition towards the digital era and ubiquitous connectivity, our research focuses on providing guidelines to support companies in the evolution of their development in association with the joint evolution of their products towards multidisciplinary products. This evolution is considered through the modification of the "concepts and techniques" (a formulation that encompasses the approaches, processes, methods and tools) which can be organized to constitute what has been termed in this work a "development structure", conceptualized by a four-level model. The guidelines' proposal includes two facets. The first one, named "scientific literature", establishes the cartographies of the development of mechatronic products, cyber-physical systems and smart products, before synthesizing them into a multidisciplinary product development cartography. The second one, named "industrial practices", documents the way in which 10 companies organize their multidisciplinary product developments. On the strength of the analysis of the gaps in between these two facets, guidelines are proposed for the elaboration of a company-specific development structure. The elaboration of the proposed development structure is based on the association between the challenges related to the development of multidisciplinary products encountered by the company and the concepts and techniques depicted in the scientific literature cartographies. These guidelines were applied at an agricultural equipment manufacturer to support its evolution towards multidisciplinary products
Badea, Costescu Anca. "Contributions à l'analyse numérique des problèmes liés au comportement des fluides dans les imprimantes à jet d'encre." Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET4004.
Bahsoun, Hayfa. "L’impact des nouvelles technologies de communication écrite sur la production d’écrits des collégiens et lycéens francophones." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL104.
Written communication technologies and digital language are the keys that have opened the space for reflection on the impact of such technologies and type of language on the writings of francophone college and high school students. The age of these young people, which corresponds to the period of adolescence and its physiological transformation, as well as the emergence of technological evolution and the invasion of digital media (notably "the smartphone") played a role in the modification, at least partially, of the French language, particularly in the field of school writing. The act of writing is no longer considered as regulated, on the contrary, it has become oral-oriented, without rules, grouping together sound and writing and responding to the editorial desires of adolescents. On the other hand, certain variations in this new act of digital writing are not created from vacuum, they trace back to forms of writing formerly used in traditional writings, which constitutes one of the important points of the subject of our research. The impact of the use of digital tools on the quality of language, especially spelling, is often considered by the general public as harmful. In general, our object is defined through the studies carried out around this subject which did not affirm the absolute negativity of the new numerical language on the productions of writings of the students, which is why certain suggestions are indicated for better learning of language
Lavie, Guillaume. "Simulation et analyse numérique de procédés de récupération de pétrole caractérisés par des fronts raides." Thesis, Pau, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PAUU3028/document.
With rarefaction of conventional petroleum fields and the world supply increase, petroleum companies have to consider new unexploited reserves because of their exploitation cost few years ago. These reserves are called unconventional reserves, mainly heavy oil or extra heavy oil. This work is devoted to the numerical simulation of an extraction process of heavy oil, the VAPEX. VAPEX is characterized by solvent injection in a horizontal well in order to facilitate gravity drainage of oil in a producer well situated in the same way under the injector well. The main stake to simulate this process is to simulate the mechanism of solvent penetration in oil with precision, this penetration zone being very thin drawn to the reservoir scale. We focus our work on application of algorithm of adaptive mesh refinement to simulate this process. This consideration lead us to consider the issue of application of mesh refinement in porous media, especially in heterogeneous porous media for which existing indicators (or estimators) do not allow to determine properly the zone to be refined. The objective of this work is to determine a posteriori estimators for implementation of simulation codes of heterogeneous petroleum reservoirs and their application to the VAPEX process. Firstly, we set the whole equations we have to solve numerically to build simulators of petroleum extraction processes by water injection and solvent injection. Then, we describe the VAPEX process and we establish the semi-analytical study of Butler & Mokrys of this process for which we take in account influence of capillarity. Afterwards, we describe two mathematical methods to establish a posteriori estimators for such problems. One of these methods is based on empirical extrapolation of existing estimators for hyperbolic problems given by Ohlberger. In the course of this work, we set two simulation codes of petroleum reservoirs, the first is a simulator based on equations discretisation by mixed finite element method allowing simulation of water injection problems and the second is based on discretisation by finite volumes method allowing simulation of solvent injection processes like the VAPEX. Then, we apply these estimators to an algorithm of mesh refinement for these two simulation codes. The study of the semi-analytical model set of the VAPEX process show that under hypothesis, capillarity can be likened to a diffusive term to determine the front tracking. Estimators set are based on flux variation and allow determining sharp zone to be refined in heterogeneous porous media. We illustrate this result for a simulation of water injection with the simulator built. The estimators set can also track saturations fronts and concentrations fronts. We illustrate this result on a simulation of the VAPEX process. This work shows it is possible to set estimators allowing mesh refinement to track saturations and concentrations fronts during simulation of flow in heterogeneous porous media. To set such estimators, we make a distinction between saturation (resp. concentration) front and high saturation (resp. concentration) gradient. To our point of view, a front is a high variation of saturation or concentration that has a high impact on the flux variation. It is different from a high gradient that appear automatically where the permeability of the porous media has a high variation. This work could be complemented by making more simulations with variations of capillarity and dispersive terms in order to have a better appreciation of estimators introduced. It would be advisable to study the impact of suppositions done to establish these empirical estimators set. After all, such estimators could be applied to a simulation code taking in account dispersion in porous media
Poulou, Angeliki. "La mise en scène de la tragédie grecque dans l’ère numérique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA157.
The thesis focuses on the use of digital technology in the staging of Greek Tragedy that is, the reception of Greek tragedy in the digital theatre. Greek tragedy, when digitally staged, seems to function as a kaleidoscope of our times; sometimes a lens and at others a shattered mirror, where a game, a "toing and froing" between identities and qualities exists: spectator/citizen, political/religious, time-space of myth/actual current time, presence/absence. With the use of technology and of digital equivalents, artists re-conceptualize a series of key notions such as the community, the city, the hubris, the mask, the conflict, the tragic and create equivalent effects for the contemporary spectator: Digital media becomes the equivalent of discourse. The “oikos”, the royal palace, in front of and within which most events and conflicts occur, is replaced by the screen-palimpsest: it is within the image that we live, we clash, we make history. The mask convention leads to experimentation with sound technologies. The much-discussed political function of tragedy in the context of democratic Athens and the building of a sense of community is now realised through digital technology. Spectators form ephemeral communities in their meeting within the technological environment, the rhizomatic fragmentation of the theatre stage, "hides" the community to transform it into a virtual community. In the end, it is the tragic that is being developed as an idea and a performative phenomenon
Στο επίκεντρο βρίσκεται η χρήση της ψηφιακής τεχνολογίας στη σκηνοθεσία της αρχαίας ελληνικής τραγωδίας, δηλαδή η πρόσληψη της αρχαίας ελληνικής τραγωδίας στο ψηφιακό θέατρο. H αρχαία ελληνική τραγωδία ως ψηφιακή παράσταση, μοιάζει να λειτουργεί ως καλειδοσκόπιο του καιρού∙ άλλοτε ως φακός και κάποιες φορές ως θρυμματισμένος καθρέπτης, όπου ένα παιχνίδι, ένα «πήγαινε-έλα» αναπτύσσεται ανάμεσα στις ταυτότητες και τις ποιότητες : θεατής/πολίτης, πολιτικό/θρησκευτικό, ο χωροχρόνος του μύθου/ο πραγματικός τρέχων χρόνος, παρουσία/απουσία. Με τη χρήση της τεχνολογίας και των ψηφιακών ισοδυνάμων, οι καλλιτέχνες επανοηματοδοτούν στο παρόν μια σειρά κομβικών εννοιών για την τραγωδία, όπως η κοινότητα, η πόλις, η ύβρις, η μάσκα, η σύγκρουση, το τραγικό και δημιουργούν ισοδύναμες αισθήσεις και εντυπώσεις στον σύγχρονο θεατή: Τα ψηφιακά μέσα γίνονται ισοδύναμο του λόγου. Ο οίκος, το βασιλικό ανάκτορο μπροστά και εντός του οποίου συντελούνται τα περισσότερα γεγονότα και οι συγκρούσεις, αντικαθίσταται από την οθόνη παλίμψηστο: μέσα στην εικόνα ζούμε, συγκρουόμαστε, παράγουμε ιστορία. Η σύμβαση της μάσκας οδηγεί στον πειραματισμό με τις τεχνολογίες του ήχου. Η πολυσυζητημένη πολιτική λειτουργία της τραγωδίας στο πλαίσιο της δημοκρατικής Αθήνας και η δημιουργία του αισθήματος κοινότητας δημιουργείται πλέον μέσα από την ψηφιακή τεχνολογία. Oι θεατές σχηματίζουν εφήμερες κοινότητες στη συνάντησή τους μέσα στο τεχνολογικό περιβάλλον, η ριζωματική θραυσματοποίηση της θεατρικής σκηνής, «κρύβει» την κοινότητα, για να τη μετατρέψει σε εικονική κοινότητα. Τέλος, είναι το τραγικό που αναπτύσσεται ως ιδέα και ως επιτελεστικό φαινόμενο
Andlauer, Benoit. "Optimisation systémique de micro-cogénérateurs intégrés aux bâtiments." Paris, ENMP, 2011. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01073341.
Micro-cogeneration systems appeared on the market in the last decades. They are recognised and stimulated in numerous countries as a mean of reducing the energy consumption and the green house gases emissions of buildings. In France however, their introduction and sustainability on the market is restrained by their economic and environmental analysis not yet precisely assessed, and by the fact that the technology is unknown from the architects and contractors. Thus, a numerical model that could be integrated in dynamic building and systems simulation software is created. A detailed experimental campaign conducted on a Stirling-based gas fired micro-cogenerator enabled a simplification of the model by means of a selection of the relevant parameters. That way, an identification procedure with few parameters has been designed. It reduces the experimental needs to calibrate the model, but preserves the models validity, thanks to the modelling of physical phenomena and the use of thermodynamic properties found in the literature. The calibrated and validated model has been integrated in a numerical tool for simulating micro-cogeneration systems coupled to buildings. The thermal needs of the building, for heating and hot domestic water purposes, as well as its electrical needs have been modelled. The building thus modelled has been coupled with the micro-cogenerator and a thermal storage. A cost function that associates energetic and environmental performances has been defined. This permits the optimisation of the sizing and operation of the building-integrated system