Дисертації з теми "Processus judiciaire – Psychologie cognitive"
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Puigelier, Catherine. "De l' apport de la psychologie cognitive dans la motivation d'une décision de justice : (en matière civile)." Paris 13, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA131049.
Повний текст джерелаNavarre, Aglaé. "Étude de l'effet d'ancrage appliqué au domaine judiciaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UBFCC020.
Повний текст джерелаDecision-making under uncertainty can be influenced by several cognitive biases. Among these, the anchoring effect is probably one of the most famous. In this article-based thesis, we propose several studies aimed at better understanding the mechanisms involved in the anchoring effect, and at testing different factors that may be moderators of this phenomenon. Most of these studies are conducted in the context of judicial decision-making, a field in which the anchoring effect can have dramatic consequences. In the first chapter (articles 1 and 2), we review the state of the art of the researches carried out on the anchoring effect over the last fifty years, and highlight some of the links that may exist between this heuristic and another phenomenon that seems to share characteristics with anchoring, but which has been studied in the field of reasoning: the Einstellung effect. In the second chapter (articles 3 and 4), we test two factors that can reduce the influence of an anchor: the influence of a warning and the presence of a second anchor of different relevance. The results of these studies show that these factors can limit - or even eliminate - the anchoring effect in the context of judicial decisions on simulated jurors. Finally, the third chapter (article 5) deals with the influence of the anchoring effect on the creation of false memories. The study presented in this section highlights the emergence of false memories following exposure to a numerical anchor and discusses the common mechanisms between these two phenomena. Finally, we discuss the contributions of these studies and propose different research perspectives that seem interesting in order to deepen the first results obtained in the framework of this thesis and to investigate other reaserch questions related to the anchoring effect
Beauvallet, Olivier. "Le juge et l'expert : savoir et qualification." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0065.
Повний текст джерелаThe expert's participation in legal proceedings raises problems about this person's place on the judicial investigation. It also troubles the judge's decision, and the enforcement of the law. Firstly, the judicial environment of the expert's activities is detailed. The fact in law is only understood according to the judge's mind, and occasionally, the expert's explanations. Besides, the expertise is operated under the procedural rules that the judge must check either when the experiment is made or when the survey is publisched. By all means, the expertise is regarded now as the best way to produce evidence, even in ethical or social matters. Secondly, one makes a distinction between the matters of expertise. Some of the earliest ones are definitively settled in the proceedings. This is in particular the case of the insane or the minor. On the contrary, some others do not profit from the same developpement because of the prevalence of the jurisdiction's sovereignty. Nevertheless, this use of the judicial sovereignty may lead to ignore the technical explanations. Thirdly, science tries to introduce itself in the judicial system. The medical sciences now participate in the execution of the punishment. But on the whole, the judicial power uses of his own sovereignty to elude the birth of the new power of knowledge [summary of the autor]
Alamargot, Denis. "Processus de récupération et d'organisation dans l'activité de rédaction de texte : effet de l'acquisition des connaissances référentielles." Poitiers, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997POIT5001.
Повний текст джерелаThis series of studies investigates text production activity in a cognitive psychology perspective. We studied, in the same writers, in which way the development of their domain knowledge (referential knowledge) can modify the functionning of generating and organizing processes which underly text content composing. We set up a knowledge acquisition paradigm in which two groups of subjects (adults, and children : 11-12 years old), were given a specific training during four sessions. This was designed to develop their referential expertise. During each session and at the end of the "referential training", subjects wrote down a descriptive and an instructional text about the referential domain they had been acquiring. Two independant analyses were applied. The first one concerns acquisition of domain knowledge, the second one the text production activity. Quality of domain knowledge acquisition, throughout sessions, was evaluated by analyzing performances of subjects during their non-verbal tasks realization (drawing geometrical figures from memory ; assembling these figures - puzzle -). Development of text writing activity was investigated through the evolution of 1) the nature of the semantics links instaured between main ideas (off-line studies) and 2) the characteristics of the cyclic application of generating and organizing processes (on-line studies). By matching non-verbal performances and text composing performances, we showed that evolution of writing strategies partially depends on domain knowledge development. More precisely, effects of the referential expertise are not the same according to the age of writers (adults vs children) and the kind of text (descriptive vs intructionnal) written down
MUNCH, CHRISTELLE. "Les processus de comprehension des expressions ironiques." Montpellier 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON30049.
Повний текст джерелаLafitte-Coulon, Catherine. "Comparaison sociale et jugement judiciaire : influence de la similarité dans les décisions et processus de jugement." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100218.
Повний текст джерелаThis research stands at the confluence of two main theoretical fields:• social comparison, and more specifically, the egocentric comparison between one judge and his target;• judgment of responsibility (intention, responsibility, guilt and sanction) and more particularly the relationship between intention and sanction on the one hand, and between responsibility and sanction on the other.Of consideration here are quasi-experimental studies within the specific context of spontaneous decision, reading a news item describing an event causing serious outcomes and for which the author’s intention is not easily discernable.The objectives are :• to apply the theory of egocentric comparison (Dunning, 1996) to a judicial judgment,• to explore the influence of objective similarity, when controlled, and more specifically the influence of subjective similarity, as declared, on the decisions (attribution of intention, responsibility, guilt and sanction) and on the judgment processes;• to confirm the presence of a “justificative model” (Oberlé & Gosling, 2003) which does not consider intention nor responsibility as sanction perequisites but rather as justifications of an ex-ante sanction attribution.Our results demonstrate that :• when experimentally induced, the similarity does not suffice to trigger an effect on the decisions, sole the perceived similarity is able to lessen either the attributions of intention, responsibility or the sanction level;• the existence of two justificative model is ascertained : while the subjective similarity reveals the process by intention, the controlled similarity brings the process by responsibility to light;• a subjective component can foster a process considered as “rational”
Prat, Michèle. "Processus cognitifs et émotion : jugement et mémorisation de situations émotionnelles." Montpellier 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON30048.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this research is to analyze more precisely the juncture between emotion and cognition from an experimental approach based on one hand on the use of a complex and standardized visual material to arouse emotions, and on the other hand a control of the conditions in which those emotions are produced. The research has been carried out in a longitudinal way on the same groupe of subjects submitted to three successive experimental phases, each one separated by a six month interval). The identification and emotional acknowledgment test have shown an excellent long term memorisation of the experimental material (whether visual or verbal) whenever this is emotionally significant to the subject. In other respects, the cognitive constraint imposed on the subject () influences his emotional experience and modifies his speech with regard to the other conditions. It also allows a better discrimination of emotions from texts the subject has not produced. Finally, the subjects were also able to identify the stimuli which provoked the initial emotional experience in other individuals, and this identification was even better when the cognitive constraints were stronger. To conclude this analysis, a new model of judgement of emotions is proposed and considered from both an irrational (immediate apprehension) and rational (categorical assessment) point of view. Such a model could, from a methodological point of view, provides a new perspective of the cognitive assessment (of emotions)
Chapuy, Kévin. "Le système dynamique de la catégorisation : variabilité, auto-organisation, et interdépendance des processus cognitifs naturels." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30079.
Повний текст джерелаFrom three fundamental theoretical frameworks, the nonlinear dynamic system theory, the theory of self-organization processes in the complex systems, and the episodic theory of the human memory, we’ve made a general theoretical conjecture : The suitable model of the natural cognitive processes is a model which accounts for human cognition in terms of dynamical system of interactions which co-evolve in real time. To test this conjecture, we’ve made three major hypothesis : A/the categorization process is a interactional structure of co-dependent variables (an interdependent combination). B/the categorization process is a self-organized process. C/the categorization process shows typical properties of a nonlinear dynamics when one studies it according to a temporal unfolding. The results obtained on material of perceptive verbal data (meaning and none meaning) enable us to maintain these assumptions, in particular because there exists 1/a great number of significant interactions in our data, 2/context effects predicted by episodic model MINERVA2 (Hintzman, 1986), 3/correlations of statistical sets of data on a priori disjoined treatments, 4/temporal dependences (ARIMA) in the RT's dynamic, and 5/phenomena of perceptive multistability that is typical of a nonlinear dynamics process mobilized by the task (hysteresis). In general discussion, we have proposed a conceptualization of the natural cognitive processes in terms of episodic-dynamic model in the direction where sensoriality as well as the structure of interaction of the variables seem to be two relatively important factors in the explanation of the intentional behavior
Ginet, Anne-Marie. "Clairvoyance normative et besoin de cognition dans les processus d'attribution et de rationalisation." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CLF20002.
Повний текст джерелаDidierjean, Marc. "Evaluation et processus cognitifs : contribution à l'étude des processus cognitifs de la tâche d'évaluation." Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX10014.
Повний текст джерелаVivien, Anne-Cécile. "L'autolimitation du juge administratif." Lyon 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO33030.
Повний текст джерелаKolmayer, Elisabeth. "Contribution à l'analyse des processus cognitifs mis en jeu dans l'interrogation d'une base de données documentaires." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H051.
Повний текст джерелаDuring the information retrieval process, two topic representations have to interact; one comes from the end-user, the other from the information system. We focus on this interaction. Cognitive psychology gives some tools to analyse the user's domain representation, as research on categorizations and about expert and novice knowledge has shown. An experimental approach with nurses and nursing auxiliaries analyses the effects of two expertise factors: experience and training level. We examine the domain representation in information system through indexing (indexing with descriptors and subject headings). We point out agreement and differences between knowledge organization such as in thesauri, in subject headings indexes and in the user's mind. But by interacting with an actual retrieval device, topic expertise plays a very small role; the important factor is the expertise of the own device. We focus then on the modelling of the information retrieval situation; the problem to face, for the end-user, is not to find the + best match ; between query and index terms, but to develop a representation of his information need convenient with the information system constraints. An information retrieval task is then concieved as a design problem to which the concepts of plans declarative and procedural- can be applied. An experiment tests the efficiency of such a modelling, analysing the seeking process of end-users and librarians interacting with an online catalog. Some ergonomic consequences are considered
Breton, Françoise. "Etude de l'organisation des étapes prédecisionnelles de traitement de l'information visuelle au cours de tâches de discrimination (approche électrophysiologie et comportementale)." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100034.
Повний текст джерелаThis research aims at developing models of information processing and attempts to specify the temporal organization of perceptive stages preceding response choice, in normal adults. Referring to Sanders ‘model (1980), we tested, by means of the additive factors method, the serial nature of the first three stages (pre-processing, feature extraction and identification) and studied the stability of this organization in different kinds of tasks. Reaction time (RT) and evoked potentials (ep) were recorded from 10 subjects during two visual discrimination tasks based on different response decision criteria: shape identity (physical discrimination) and group identity (categorical discrimination. Four different stimulus variables were manipulated: the intensity of the visual stimulus, the addition of visual noise, the familiarity and similarity of the items. The RT data obtained in a task of physical discrimination support the hypotheses of two different and successive stages i. E. Feature extraction and identification. However, the interactions obtained within both tasks show evidence for a third processing stage in parallel to the other two. The ep data analysis is consistent with these above defined stages. However, for either task, these results are more in favor of a cascade-like model, since the ep changes produced by the experimental variables partly overlap. Moreover, the pattern of interactions obtained suggest that the processing of the familiarity variable (involving long term memory) depends on the stimulus characteristics as well as on the task
Le, Poultier François. "Processus sociocognitifs, travail social et inadapation sociale." Grenoble 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE29013.
Повний текст джерелаThe doctoral thesis presents and proposes interpretations of results obtained in experimental investigations centred on a kind of social practices : the practices of social work, and articulated with theoretical framework issued of social cognitive psychology. The main concepts of social cognitive psychology were used : categorization, prototypical construction, implicit personality theories, illusory correlation, systematic distortion, attribution, explanation of reinforcements and psychologization. The analysis of these cognitive processes in social workers's practices did not give opposite results to those obtained when the processes are studied in the conception of "man as scientist". But it was shown that the effects are dependant of other factors. Their importance is due to the kind of people' social implications with analyzed informations. The analysis of results shows that there were normativ and ideological effects of cognitive processes in social work. These results reinforce a socio-cognitive conception of "man as ideologic"
Rasho, Abdul Rahman. "Le processus de victimité secondaire chez l’enfant victime d’agression à caractère sexuel : double approche, victimologie clinique, psychologie judiciaire : appréhension par le discours de professionnels du parcours socio-judiciaire." Rennes 2, 2009. https://hal.univ-rennes2.fr/tel-02083590.
Повний текст джерелаWith the aim to study the impact of social and judicial proceedings on the child victim of sexual abuse, this research deepens and clarifies the concept of secondary victimization. Part one: delimitations of the filed and course of study: clinical victimology. Definitions, statistics, interdisciplinary typology of sexual abuse. Cognitive and emotional development of children and impact of sexual abuse on them. The difficulties faced by the abused child, vulnerability of his psych-affective and cognitive structures; need for appropriate treatment. Part two: identification and analysis made by professionals from the socio-judicial environment, major symptoms identified in children assaulted; treatment of these data by the Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA). Through interviews with professionals, assessment of the impact of procedures on the child, destabilizing and helpful factors. The preferred audiovisual recording as a technique limiting the proliferation of interventions. The “Outreau” case as an example of the process of secondary victimization with victimized children, analysis of discourse of professionals of the socio-judicial world (source : Le Monde)
Thomas, Delphine. "Les processus d'imagerie mentale dans la mémoire de travail et dans l'architecture des aptitudes spatiales." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR2021.
Повний текст джерелаMental imagery activity is of great interest in cognitive science. Two main theoretical lines tried to investigate this activity : models relating to the working memory and factorial models referring to the architecture of spatial abilities. However, the features of the four principal mental imagery processes (corresponding to image generation, image maintenance, image scanning, and image rotation) are not clearly established by these two categories of model. It is in this working perspective that constitutes the general problems of this thesis. For this purpose, five experiments were led. The first two experiments analyze the involvement of mental imagery activity in the workin memory. The last three experiments analyze the involvement of mental imagery acitivity in the architecture of spatial abilities. The results emphasize two major characteristics of mental imagery processes. On the one hand, passive processes are dissociated from active processes. On the other hand, during complex active processes, the storage of the visual material is also dissociated from the mental manipulation. These two characteristics, exploited through the notion of cognitive resources, fit into the functional model of the working memory (Vecchi et al. , 2001) and play a fundamental role in the hierarchical structure of the factorial model of spatial abilities
Vandenberghe, Muriel. "Les processus d'apprentissage préservés dans l'amnésie: étude neuropsychologique et cognitive." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210585.
Повний текст джерелаPlacé, Ljubis̆a. "Caractéristiques des processus conscients et non conscients à travers deux paradigmes expérimentaux de la psychologie cognitive." Rennes 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN20045.
Повний текст джерелаResults of the first part reveal a distinction between executive attention, linking shortterm memory to access consciousness and sensorial attention, linking the sensorial register to short-term memory. Besides, if there is no conscious access to information without attention, there no maintenance of information in short-term memory without access consciousness control. Furthermore, the amount of information maintained in short-term memory (three or four is the maximum) influences attentional allocation to new information. Results of the second part show that subliminal priming depends on the nature of the unconscious processes involved : they must be automatic. Conversely, supraliminal priming depends on the nature of the conscious task : it must be controlled. Thus, a controlled process can only be activated consciously, whereas an automatic process, normally activated unconsciously, may also be activated consciously, but it generates a cost in terms of performance
Plaie, Thierry. "Imagerie mentale, mémoire et viellissement : étude des effets de l'âge sur le codage image en mémoire et sur les processus d'imagerie mentale." Tours, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOUR2030.
Повний текст джерелаIn order to obtain a complementary information concerning the effects of aging on image processing, two approaches have been used : the realization of imaginal coding activity based on classical learning and recall paradigms (Paivio, 1971, 1986), and the utilization of specific paradigms (Paivio, 1971, 1986), and the utilization of specific paradigms for estimating by direct measures the processes driving visual image generation and maintenance (Craik and Dirkx, 1992 ; Dror and Kosslyn, 1994). The principal aim of our study was to confirm the existence of deficiency link to aging in an imaginal coding operations in memory and in mental imagery activities. After a presentation of explanatory models of memory aging, the theoretical conceptions and the different operational modes of mental imagery, we present five experiments. In the first two, imaginal coding is analyzed in connection with the relationship the image has with memory according to the time of display of the stimuli, the imagery value of words, the kind of encoding instruction conditions and individual differences in imagery ability. The results attest a same carrying out for both age groups of the imaginal coding of concrete (high-imagery) items as the slowest rate of exposure (5 seconds). The tow other experiments examine the effects of aging, on the one hand on the generation process in the presence or absence of an environmental support orienting the subject's representations, on the other hand, on the process whereby images are generated and maintened according to the figurative and verbal nature of stimuli. These experiments reveal that the capacities involving mental image generation and maintain processes do not differ according to subject's age. Nor does the figurative or verbal nature of items lead to a modification of previous results. The aim of the final experiment was to evaluate if direct measures on these processes could have an influence on the learning of concrete words. Our results do not permit us to exclude this hypothesis. Our research as a whole leads us to conclude that imagery processes, whether studied from the angle of imaginal coding in memory or from the angle of direct measures, are not impareid by a normal process of aging. The general conclusion places the functions of visual buffer and mechanisms of selective attention of imaginal coding of verbal information in memory
Housiau, Pascal. "La dépendance contextuelle des processus perceptifs : construction de l'"identité humaine" et anticipation des interactions menaçantes." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100156.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim was to test the hypothesis that cognitive modalities which determine the construction of human nature would be specific insofar as they stem from processes that are based on ideological beliefs and functioning. Four experiments enabled us to discredit this hypothesis by showing that cognitive processes, activated whilst dealing with situations concerning the representations of man or that of an animal, stem more likely from individual causes relative to interactive situations and to the anticipation of a territorial threat The firsi experiment came from our initial idea, that in individualspecies relations, an "ontem" is in play for man but not for animals, so much so that the cognitive modalities of the construction of the representation of man were the opposite of those creating the representation of an animal. A second experiment placed the hypothesis in the paradigm of asymmetries in situations where both are present. We again noted that the processes are différent for man and for animals. In a third experiment we included the concept of a territorial threat and tested if what is true for a bird is also true when the animal considered is threatening : a bull. The results were found true for a bird, but the results found for a bull are identical to those results that founded the human model, therefore the problem was reformulated insisting this time on the importance of competitive interactions rather than on general processes at work in the perception of man and of animals. In fact, when we carried out the first experiment again, replacing deer by wolves (fourth experiment), the animal model is inverted and appears close to the human model. The interest of distinguishing between an objective and symbolic threat is shown in a fifth experiment
Gonzalez, Emilie. "Quand questionner influence : processus sous-jacents et explications théoriques de l'effet question-comportement." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0262/document.
Повний текст джерелаQuestioning people toward a behavior makes this behavior more likely to be performed. Three possible explanations of this question-behavior effect have been investigated in nine experiments: a normative, an attitudinal and a motivational explanation. Four studies tested the normative explanation. Only one of them shows results attesting that people perform the target behavior after questions to avoid cognitive dissonance. Three more experiments brought results supporting the implication of an accessibility (mediator) process in the question-behavior effect. Moreover, the attitude was decisive in the occurrence of the effect. The motivational explanation has been tested with two experiments who did not provide the expected results. The assumption was that questioning activates the goal of performing the behavior with goal pursuit consequences (i.e., implicit motivation and accessibility of the goal-related information). Results have been summarized with meta-analysis and discussed with the aim of improving the understanding of the question-behavior effect
Taillandier, Anne. "Influence des processus cognitifs et motivationnels sur la perception de variablité intragroupe et sur les attitudes intergroupes : vers une articulation." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CLF20002.
Повний текст джерелаThe main aim of this research has been to see how differing theoretical models (social cognition and intergroup relations) each with their specific explanatory frameworks, could be combined to explain certain group phenomena. We looked particularly at two theoretical models relating to ingroup homogeneity effect and pro-ingroup bias. The first is essentially cognitive, focusing on the intraindividual level (mullen's integrative model), and the second motivational, based on positional analysis (social identity theory and especially the work of simon and brown). Some shortcoming in previous research concerning the conceptualization and application of one of the key variables (the concept of minority) are highlighted. In fact, advocates of the two models attribute differing meaning to the concept "minority". Mullen focuses on the numerical component, while simon and brown insist on the social one. We attend that these two models are applicable to different social contexts, depending on the importance of identity as a factor in a given situation. Mullen's model would be therefore relevant only in contexts where identity is a non-dominant factor. Two series of four experiments were proposed. In the first series, numerical and positional differences between the groups were systematically altered in order to determine the effect on the perception of group differences and on pro-ingroup bias. As social identity here was not seen to be at stake, it was expected that group size would be a more significant factor. In the second series, where the subjects's social identity was a crucial factor, we expected a much stronger status effect. Notwithstanding, a fairly strong, assertive cognitive factor remained evident, even in small groups
Dodier, Olivier. "Les adolescents en situation de témoignage oculaire : d’observations de terrain à l’étude d’un protocole d’audition judiciaire en laboratoire." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAL019/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe goal of this thesis was to provide recommendations to any practitioner involved in the justice system to interview adolescent witnesses and/or victims, a population little studied in laboratory analogue contexts. To do so, five studies were conducted. The first two studies were aimed at establishing an inventory of the young French investigators’ witness interview practices. We observed that adolescents are a specific population, in particular regarding the use of suggestive questions. This type of questions increased right after the adolescents had just developed a statement, which was not the case with younger children. This result might reveal that, during investigative interviews with children and adolescents, the investigators have different aims depending on the age of the young witness (Study 1). However, international recommendations strongly discourage the use of suggestions because of immediate and delayed memory biases that may occur. Secondly, we have shown that adolescents represent most of the under legal age witnesses and/or victims in French cases, and that investigators generally perceived them as liars and as easily ashamed (Study 2). A study conducted with military police officers who previously had training in the use of structured interview techniques (vs. untrained officers; Study 3) showed that their use of suggestive questions were related to the belief that suggestive prompts could help the young witness and/or victim retrieve and recall information, but also (and most importantly) allow the investigation to move forward. This was especially observed with untrained military police officers. To deal with these inappropriate practices, we investigated the efficiency of two modified versions of the cognitive interview (MCI). This interview protocol is based on an open (rather than closed or suggestive) questioning style, and proposes effective retrieval strategies. Relying on techniques that promote memory retrieval and recall of information, it could then enhance the adolescents’ statements’ reliability, for these to be used during the investigation. We therefore tested a mnemonic called ‘guided peripheral focus’ (Study 4), which showed its benefits. Indeed, we observed an increase in the recall of correct information (vs. structured interview; SI). However, this was accompanied by an increase in errors. A similar pattern was observed with a shortened version of the MCI (vs. SI) used for repeated events (vs. single event; Study 5). In addition, this last study showed an increase in confabulations with the MCI (compared to a SI, and irrespective of the frequency of the event), but also in confusions between the different events experienced by some of the adolescents. However, these increases in erroneous details did not lead to a drop in the accuracy rate in either study. The results of the five studies will be discussed in regards with the scientific literature, and recommendations to help justice practitioners conduct their adolescent witness and/or victim interviews as appropriately as possible will be provided
Taddei, Anais. "Quelle description pour détecter efficacement une personne parmi d'autres ? : approche expérimentale et modélisation socio-cognitive de la description verbale à des fins d’identification judiciaire." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080043/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on the efficiency of suspects’ verbal description to detect himin hit and run or obvious offense contexts. This approach allows agents to know thesuspect’s identity when the officer does not detains any other available evidences.Description is the most commonly applied technique used by professionals in thefield, so it seems necessary to understand its use and impact on suspects’ detection.To achieve this goal, we designed a set of seven studies in order to test the mostefficient description to detect suspects. Our studies revealed that the more physicalclues of the criminal is given in the description, the more it helps officers to narrowsuspects (experiment 1 ). However, unlike theories of visual search, it seems thatadding information about suspect’s portrait does not improve detection ; somephysical descriptors are not useful to detect the target (experiment 2 ) regardlessof their rank order in the description’s list (experiment 3 ). Furthermore, adding"invalid clues" modulates detection depending on their properties (general, facialprimary, facial secondary experiment 4 ). In addition, inserting non-physical cluesin the description list do not necessarily help investigators to ease target detection(experiments 5 and 6 ). Finally, we showed that contextual factors and personalcharacteristics could change the officer’s decision (experiments 7 and 7bis). Ouranalyzes emphasised that the richer or the longer the list might not always be thebetter to reduce the number of suspects. In other words, while the most completeand detailled physicial descriptions help officers to narrow potential suspect’s list,it does not necessarily improve the criminal detection. As our cognitive systemis limited,the indivual must select information by focusing on specific physicaldescriptors thought to be more efficient to find the suspect
Maurin, Laurent. "Le choix de la peine par le juge correctionnel." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10011.
Повний текст джерелаDupierrix, Eve. "Asymétrie et plasticité de la perception spaciale : étude de l'adulte sain et cérébro-lésé." Grenoble 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE29063.
Повний текст джерелаSpace perception is a construction whose complexity shows when we consider space disorders such as Unilateral Spatial Neglect (USN), a syndrome defined as the inability to report, respond or orient towards the hemispace contralateral to the lesion. This deficit raises the question of the processes involved in space perception. Our studies aimed to highlight the role of action in the disorganization (in brain damaged patients) and in the construction of subjective space (in healthy adults). In a series of 5 experiments, the plasticity of subjective space was evidenced by assessing space perception, before and after a test task, by proprioceptive straight-ahead and line bisection protocols. In the first study, this test task consisted in submitting healthy adults to sensorimotor incoherence which was created in a virtual environment by triggering varying spatio-temporal haptic forces. In the second and third experiments, right brain damaged patients and healthy adults, while maintaining a fixed gaze on a target, were trained to point to its left or its right. The two last experiments indicated that a lateralized pointing task (towards targets only displayed in one hemispace) induced, among healthy adults, shifts of subjective straight-ahead and line midpoint in the direction of the previously pointed hemispace, with prolonged influence on the straight-ahead task. These studies show the fundamental role of sensorimotor experience in space construction, but also in the development and the rehabilitation of USN
Da, Silva Éric. "Sociabilité à l'école élémentaire et conduites interpersonnelles en situation de co-résolution de problèmes entre pairs : une approche différentielle des interactions sociocognitives entre enfants." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H034.
Повний текст джерелаSimon, Françoise. "Approche cognitive du consommateur de service : une application au processus de choix de la modalité de distribution humaine versus automatisée." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR1EC01.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this research is to identify individual cognitive and experiential processes that explain the differenciation of attitudes towards automated versus counter services. The conceptual model proposes that the service consumer in order to determinate the service attributes, needs to have an inferential cognitive activity that generates mental effort, especially for the recovery and conditional optimisation attributes. The structure of the service attributes explains the polarisation of cognitive and experiential processes that are experimented in the service encounter with two principal dimensions that are tolerance to mental effort and emotional congruence tendency. As the automated interaction is liable to generate an experiential frustration and requires more cognitive effort, individual variables as the rational-experiential system (issued from the need for cognition), the visual-verbal style and the field dependence-independence are supposed to explain the preference towards automated versus counter delivery service. The experiment is carried out from 115 semi-directed interviews. If the service is perceived as complex, the quantitative model establishes from a LOGIT regression equation that the following variables contribute to approximately 30 % of the variations of the delivery service preference: the age, the rational-experiential system and the visual-verbal style. The qualitative model confirms these results and specifies the impact of the context and the service supply
Walker, Marina. "Psychologie cognitive des processus d’attention sélective : fonctionnement, développement normal et dysfonctionnement chez des enfants traités pour une tumeur du cervelet." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR21912/document.
Повний текст джерелаAttention can be defined as the act of focusing on something. We develop this cognitive function necessary to adjust our interactions with the world since birth.The general goal of this research is to understand the functioning of attentional processes through two questions: how attentional processes are developed in healthy children and how they are altered in children treated for a cerebellar tumor. This thesis specifically aims to study the dissociation between automatic and controlled processes of visual selective attention, firstly in normal cognitive development and secondly in their impairment in children treated for a cerebellar tumor. By incorporating in parallel a behavioral approach and an approach in functional imaging, this interdisciplinary work is at the crossroads of cognitive psychology, cognitive neuropsychology and cognitive neurosciences.This manuscript has two parts. The theory part is composed of three chapters: the functioning, the normal development and the deficits of attention in children treated for a cerebellar tumor. The experimental part includes two chapters. The first one concerns the attentional development in participants from seven years old to an adult age, with a behavioral approach using two experimental paradigms and an approach in functional imaging. The second chapter, with the help of this double approach, presents an alteration of attention in children treated for a posterior fossa tumor. The results showed on one side that automatic and controlled attentional processes were dissociated in their development at a behavioral and a functional level. And on the other side, the results revealed that although the automatic and controlled attentional processes are behaviorally preserved in children treated for a cerebellar tumor, they were subtended by a different modification of the functional network. Taken together these data suggest a distinct functioning of these processes in their normal development and their impairment in disease
Dinet, Jérôme. "La recherche documentaire informatisée à l'école : compréhension des difficultés des élèves et approche cognitive des processus de sélection des références." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT5004.
Повний текст джерелаLepastourel, Nadia Testé Benoît Somat Alain. "La communication médiatique judiciaire les effets du style d'écriture sur la réception d'articles de presse et les jugements /." Rennes : Université Rennes 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00204445/fr.
Повний текст джерелаOlry-Louis, Isabelle. "Psychologie socio-cognitive de la communication : applications aux champs de l'éducation et du travail." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Nancy II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00704513.
Повний текст джерелаAlbano, Mariangela. "Modèles, textes, processus : une étude cognitive des métaphores défigées et d’invention." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOL004.
Повний текст джерелаThe main aim of this PhD thesis is the analysis of the cognitive and linguistic mechanisms within the creative and delexicalised metaphors using a mixed approach of Lakoff and Johnson’s (1980 and 1999) theory of conceptual metaphor; the Fauconnier and Turner’s (2002) theory of blending and the Monneret’s (2004 and 2014) theory of analogy. To test the complementariness of these three models, we have chosen two German literary texts from 1980 to 1990 that are «Kassandra» (1983) by Christa Wolf and «Minotaurus: eine Ballade» (1985) by Friedrich Dürrenmatt. To identify the degree of figurativeness of the metaphors within these texts, we have used three methodologies: the interviews to German speakers; the consultation of the German language dictionaries and the observation of the elements within metaphors through the MIPVU methodology (Steen et al., 2010). The analysis allows us to understand how metaphors work in the different texts and how cultural symbols are used by authors. Additionally, this research aims to show how the use of conceptual «frames» and conceptual «blends» that structure our cognition
Lo scopo centrale della tesi di ricerca è quello di analizzare i meccanismi cognitivi e linguistici alla base delle metafore «d’invenzione e delessicalizzate» utilizzando un approccio che miri a fondere la teoria della metafora concettuale di Lakoff e Johnson (1980 e 1999), la teoria dell’integrazione concettuale di Fauconnier e Turner (2002) e la teoria dell’analogia di Monneret (2004 e 2014). Per mettere alla prova il funzionamento della complementarietà di questi tre modelli, è stato scelto di utilizzare due testi letterari di lingua tedesca degli anni 1980-1990 che sono «Kassandra» (1983) di Christa Wolf e «Minotaurus. Eine Ballade» (1985) di Friedrich Dürrenmatt. Per identificare il grado di figuratività delle metafore all’interno dei testi sono state messe in atto tre metodologie: le interviste ai parlanti tedeschi; la consultazione dei dizionari in lingua tedesca e un’osservazione degli elementi presenti all’interno della metafora attraverso la metodologia MIPVU (Steen et al., 2010). L’analisi ci permette di comprendere il funzionamento delle metafore all’interno dei testi e come sono utilizzati i simboli culturali da parte dei singoli autori. In più, questa ricerca rappresenta, quindi, un tentativo di comprendere l’uso dei «frame» e dei «blend» concettuali che strutturano la nostra cognizione
Gheloube, Florence. "Les processus cognitifs de la compréhension des enfants gabonais selon l'école fréquentée, la classe sociale et le sexe : étude longitudinale." Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30030.
Повний текст джерелаIn this work we suggest studying the understanding of Gabonese children (152 participants on the whole) by means of a set of theories to which we refer. We are more particularly interested in the study of the levels of representation (Surface structure, Base of text, Model of situation) of Kintsch and van Dijk (1988), in the study the capacity of semantic integration of Bransford and Franks (1971), in the study of the capacity of inhibition of Gernsbacher (1990), and in the study of the capacity to resist to the interference of Stroop (1935). The pursued purpose is triple. At first, through a longitudinal study, we wanted to know if there was a link between the frequented type of school and the processes and which contribute to the understanding. Our second objective was to know, with the other participants that those of the first series of experiments, if these processes were sensitive to the social class from which arise the pupils. Finally, in the third time, with the other participants that those of the previous experiments, we wanted to know that it was the level of representation of these pupils in French and in their mother tongue (fang). The obtained results allowed to put in evidence for the first series of experiments that for the first series of experiments, the processes under jacents in the understanding evolve with the age. For the second series of experiment, an effect connected to the social class for the access to the model of situation. And, finally an influence of French on the mother tongue (fang). Besides, the meditative data show an absence of effect connected to the types of frequented school and to the sex whatever is the studied process. It reveals as well an absence of effect connected to the social class for the capacity of semantic integration, the capacity of inhibition and the capacity to resist to the interference. In the term of our work we suggest some tracks of researches, and the sketch of an educational project allowing to every teacher to estimate the capacity of understanding of the pupils
Doridot, Jean. "Le rôle du soi et d'autrui dans les processus d'éveil et de réduction de la dissonance cognitive." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://bdr.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2018/2018PA100183/2018PA100183.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is about cognitive dissonance theory (Festinger, 1957). For a long time, cognitive dissonance was seen as an intraindividual theory by researchers in social psychology. However, in 1957, Festinger said « The social group is at once a major source of cognitive dissonance for the individual and a major vehicle for eliminating and reducing the dissonance which may exist in him.”. Further, in the very beginning of the theory, the role self has been viewed as an important question (Aronson, 1968). Ten experiments examine the role of the self and others in the process of arousal and reduction of cognitive dissonance. Three experiments use mirrors to make salient the self of subjects under conditions of dissonance. Three others experiments study the psychological closeness as a new cognitive dissonance reduction mode. Finally, three experiments examine how social support of the ingroup can reduce cognitive dissonance in a pronormative or transgressive way, depending on the nature of the social norm use in a hypocrisy paradigm context. Results show that when the self is salient subject are inclined to use a defensive reduction mode of cognitive dissonance; psychological closeness, as predicted by theory, can reduce dissonance in the ingroup condition, but not in the outgroup condition. Social support can be viewed as a defensive or not defensive reduction mode of cognitive dissonance, whether the norm is definitional of the group membership. Theoretical openings are discussed
Marchal, Emilie. "Etude psychocognitive et différentielle du processus de perception visuelle à sa représentation : modélisation de la perception de scènes virtuelles et des configurations analytiques globales internes externes chez des étudiants de 18 à 25 ans." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN1598.
Повний текст джерелаBernal, Personnaz Marie. "Images de la cible, implication socio-cognitive, implication interactive et processus d'influence sociale et persuasion : conceptions des "influencés" à travers un siècle de psychologie sociale : recherches expérimentales sur deux formes d'implication de la cible en situations d'influence et de persuasion." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0138.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis, in four parts, concerns the target of influence and in particular the way its involvement affects the level of change in the case of social influence or persuasion. We begin by tracing the development of the concept of "target of influence" across different periods of social psychology and their underlying ideological stakes (part i). Next, we analyze differents ways in which involvement of the target of influence can constitute a factor of change. We distinguish between three types of involvement in social psychology litterature which we identifiy as : socio-cognitive, behavioral and interactive involvement. (part ii). Following these theoretical developments we present six experimental studies. The first three studies concern the effects of socio-cognitive involvement of the target, through different forms of self-concept activation (part iii) results indicate on the one hand that the valorisation or depreciation of the target's self-image leads to different influence effects on manifest and latent levels, according to the majority or minority nature of the source. On the other hand, putting the target in a situation of "auto-activation" of an internal conflict makes him or her more receptive to minority influence. The last three studies concern interactive involvement of the target persons in a group discussion situation (part iv). Results indicate that involvement favors the internalization of group decisions. Moreover, group interaction facilitates the influence of information, in different ways depending upon the information's paradoxical (innovative majority, non-innovative minority) or non-paradoxical character (non-innovative majority, innovative minority). Furthermore, amplifying ideological content of information leads to greater cognitive dependency on the group when support comes from the majority. Finally, we bring together the different parts of this research in a discussion of its overall conclusions and the questions it raises
Corbin, Lucie. "Nouvelles perspectives sur les processus impliqués dans le paradigme de S. Sternberg : Etude des stratégies et de l'effet d'une contrainte expérimentale." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H045.
Повний текст джерелаThe main aim of this research was to examine the processes actually implemented in this task through a comparison of different approaches. The second aim was to determine to what extent a simple experimental constraint can affect the findings. First, we replicated Sternberg's main results. However, the analysis of individual procedures suggests that participants implement a much wider range of cognitive strategies than the literature suggests. Second, this research shows that the restitution constraint affects both the strategies implemented by the participants and the nature of the task. These results should help to refine the interpretation of results of many studies in neuroscience using this paradigm
Thiroux, Sophie. "Etude des processus identificatoires chez les enfants et les adolescents ^agés de trois à seize ans et demi, dans le cadre du visionnage de longs métrages d'animation de Walt Disney : clinique de l'évolution libidinale et cognitive." Brest, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BRES1003.
Повний текст джерелаKhandakani, Mouna. "Etude du processus d'acquisition du français langue secondaire et étrangère (FLES) par l'analyse psychosociolinguistique de l'interlangue produite selon l'appartenance : image culturelle et interlangue de primo-apprenants lors d'entretiens en situation de communication naturelle et virtuelle." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN1657.
Повний текст джерелаTom, Ariane. "Processus cognitifs mis en oeuvre dans le traitement, l'utilisation et la production de descriptions spatiales : incidence comparée d'une référence aux repères ou aux voies." Paris 5, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA05H017.
Повний текст джерелаThis research aimed at studying the effects of referring to streets or landmarks on the use, comprehension, memory, and production of route directions in an urban area. The first experiment showed that landmarks were more efficient than streets for a guidance purpose. Landmarks also appeared as the basis of a better mental representation of the route. In experiments 2, 3 and 4, two versions of a set of directions were constructed, in which street names were ambiguous as the same word was used to designate them (e. G. , "Hospital street") and to point to landmarks (e. G. , "an hospital"). Results showed that the time needed to read the directions was longer when they were based on streets. Furthermore, the difference between streets and landmarks after processing the directions still held in several tasks : free recall, recognition and perceptual clarification. Experiment 5 took into account the spontaneous use of streets and landmarks in an urban route description task, during the walk. Results notably indicated that landmarks were more frequently mentioned than streets. Overall, our results indicate the existence of a marked contrast between streets and landmarks. The discussion stresses the different encoding of landmarks and streets, the latter being processed, encoded and activated as proper names, despite any experimentally-introduced ambiguity
Dewier, Agnès. "Les processus cognitifs mis en oeuvre dans l'interaction homme-ordinateur: l'influence du niveau d'expérience et des caractéristiques de la tâche sur la performance." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212984.
Повний текст джерелаGautier, Tatiana. "Estimation du temps et attention chez le jeune enfant : le rôle du développement des ressources attentionnelles et du contrôle de l'attention sur le processus de traitement de l'information temporelle." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20003.
Повний текст джерелаCouvillers, Frédérique. "Influence des fonctions exécutives et de l'attention sur les processus conscients et insconscients de mémoire : études chez des sujets jeunes sains et des sujets avec lésions cérébrales." Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0010.
Повний текст джерелаBaltazar, Matias. "Contact par le regard et processus de référence à soi : mécanismes cognitifs et enjeu thérapeutique." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080116.
Повний текст джерелаEye contact is known to have diverse effects on human cognition and behaviour. It stimulates memory for faces, promotes prosocial actions and increases positive appraisal of others. This thesis aims at better characterizing the mechanisms underlying the eye contact effects and investigating their therapeutic potential. The exhaustive review of the eye contact effects leads us to the proposal that these effects are by-products of self-referential processing evoked by eye contact, i.e. a cognitive mechanism designed to attribute personal meaning to stimuli. In line with this view, we demonstrated that eye contact enhances interoceptive self-awareness (Experiment 1). Results obtained using brain imagery (Experiment 2) strongly suggest that this effect is indeed subtended by self-referential processing. Moreover, we explicitly emphasize that the eye contact effects reflect positive impacts on human cognition, and as such may open new ways of improving the quality of life in individuals with various conditions where the mechanisms improved by eye contact are precisely impaired. In line with this proposal, we demonstrated that the effects of eye contact on memory for faces and on other’s appraisal are preserved in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (Experiment 3). Therefore, these effects may be used to enhance the quality of their social exchanges
Aïte, Ania Alexandra. "Processus émotionnels et cognitifs dans le développement des capacités de prise de décision sous ambiguïté." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05H121/document.
Повний текст джерелаDecision-making under ambiguity is critical in our everyday life. Indeed, we make most of our choices with no information on the potential consequences of these choices or on the probabilities that govern these consequences. To better characterize the underlying mechanisms engaged in this complex ability, we tested the Somatic Marker Hypothesis (SMH), a key theory in this field. This theory posits that decision-making under ambiguity relies on the development of emotional responses to the world (i.e., an integral emotional signal) that bias people toward advantageous choices in ambiguous circumstances. Thus, the goal of this thesis was to test (i) the role of emotional processes and (ii) the possible implication of cognitive processes in our ability to choose advantageously in ambiguous context. In our first study, we investigated the factors at the root of the decision-making deficit of pathological gamblers by assessing the impact of alexithymia – a recurrent emotional disorder in this population – on their decision-making skills. In line with the SMH, we found that alexithymia was a key factor to understand pathological gamblers’ decision-making deficit. In a second study, we designed an emotional priming paradigm to provide direct evidence that decision making relies on the creation of an integral emotional signal in healthy adults. Our data supports the SMH by evidencing that decision-making can be improved when the integral emotional signal is reinforced. Finally, in our third study, we investigated the development of decision-making abilities by focusing on the strategic adjustments in children, adolescents and adults. Our data suggest that the inhibition of a spontaneous tendency to shift after a loss might be critical to choose advantageously. In conclusion, the results of this thesis broadened the scope of the HMS by emphasizing the need to study both emotional and cognitive processes to better understand decision making under ambiguity. Keywords: Decision-making under ambiguity; Emotional processes; Cognitive processes; Cognitive development the SMH by evidencing that decision-making can be improved when the integral emotional signal is reinforced. Finally, in our third study, we investigated the development of decision-making abilities by focusing on the strategic adjustments in children, adolescents and adults. Our data suggest that the inhibition of a spontaneous tendency to shift after a loss might be critical to choose advantageously. In conclusion, the results of this thesis broadened the scope of the HMS by emphasizing the need to study both emotional and cognitive processes to better understand decision making under ambiguity
Memmi, Daniel. "Simulation du raisonnement par systèmes de production." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112192.
Повний текст джерелаProduction systems constitute a fundamental technique for the simulation of cognitive processes in Artificial Intelligence. In this thesis rule-based systems are applied to various problems of reasoning and perception. A forward-chaining production system with variables is first presented: the FLEX system. The control structure exhibits a compromise between run-time efficiency and flexibility of use, thanks to a change propagation filter and a variable conflict resolution strategy. Applying FLEX to the simulation of a simple game shows the importance of perception in problem solving. Global recognition of a situation turns out to be an essential component of reasoning. An expert system in speech spectrogram reading is then presented: the SONEX system. This work emphasizes the crucial import of context in human perception and automatic pattern recognition. At last general conclusions are tentatively drawn about cognition and Artificial Intelligence. The implicit principles of this domain are questioned and new research directions are outlined in order to account for the global perceptive features of human cognition
Lecourt, Arnaud. "Le juge et l'économie." Pau, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PAUU2009.
Повний текст джерелаZurita, Julio. "Styles cognitifs et processus d'acquisition des connaissances spatiales dans des environnements cartographiques : encodage et traitement de l'information en mémoire de travail, construction des représentations et des référentiels au cours de la localisation et l'orientation spatiale." Montpellier 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON30040.
Повний текст джерелаThe cognitive style (global vs analytical strategies) of the subjects is influenced by the performances of phonological data processing and visuo-spatial information (WM). The same is true of construction of spatial representations in route processing on both complex and simple indication levels. As soon as certain indices (semantic and iconic) are removed from these routes, the differences in spatial data processing are homogeneous whatever the strategy adopted by the subjects. It is thus possible to conclude that the difference in performance does not result solely from the perceptive mode of acquisition characterizing the cognitive style of the subjects, but also depends on the complexity and nature of the information to be processed. In addition, processing would be influenced by the mental load caused by the amount of information contained in the maps, as well as by the phenomenon of vicariance observed between strategies
Taquet, Pierre. "Addiction au jeu vidéo : Processus cognitifs émotionnels et comportementaux impliqués dans son émergence, son maintien et sa prise en charge." Thesis, Lille 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL30029/document.
Повний текст джерелаVideo game addiction is not yet a fully recognized diagnosis. To address this phenomenon, we question the concept of addiction without substance. Known as a behavioral addiction in DSM-V, pathological gambling is the prototype of addictions without substance. The excessive use of video games has been the subject of multiple comparisons with pathological gambling. With the advent of Internet, research and the clinical approach have highly focused on the excessive use of online games. In light of the current literature, we have chosen to address video game addiction according to the plurality of existing games and the different games modes. Our research lies in the scope of cognitive psychology and is rooted in the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approach. The first study allows to specify the emotional, cognitive and behavioral functionings of assiduous video game players. We describe a set of psychological phenomena that are resonant with the current literature on video game addiction. In addition, some cognitions of players draw near to anticipatory, relief-oriented and permissive beliefs described by Beck et al. (1993). For us, specific cognitions and behaviors underlie an attention process which is directed towards the game for some and outwards of the game for others. We explore different game moments: before, during and after the game but also, at the moment of winning and losing. Comparisons between the game moments reveal a dynamic of emotions, cognitions and behaviors related to the game. The second study involves the operationalization of psychological variables identified in the first study and the construction of a new measure of video game addiction. This questionnaire allowed us to establish separate groups of players considered excessive and non-excessive video game players. Between these players, we performed statistical comparisons based on the emotions, cognitions and behaviors that are specific to our studies. From our results, therapeutic proposals related to CBT are discussed. An adaptation of addiction model of Beck et al. (1993) is proposed. Two case studies allow to illustrate these results and to address the specific clinical approach of the video game addiction. In addition to the conclusions related to our work, we discuss on new research avenues that seem to predict future studies on video game addiction. Even if we remain cautious, some current data converge towards the link between addiction and excessive use of video games. Our findings are added to this argumentation. With the proposal of "Internet gaming disorder" in Section III of the DMS-V, it is all the more necessary to continue studies