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Статті в журналах з теми "Processus de solidification"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 листопада 2024

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1

Saleil, Jean, and Jean Le Coze. "La coulée continue des aciers. Un exemple de développement technique où l’étroite coopération entre métallurgistes, constructeurs et exploitants a été d’une grande fécondité." Matériaux & Techniques 106, no. 5 (2018): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2018046.

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Les processus de solidification à l’œuvre dans les diverses zones de la machine de coulée sont décrits avec leurs conséquences sur la qualité interne du produit. Les principaux moyens additionnels pour améliorer cette qualité sont passés en revue : brassage électromagnétique, réduction en ligne. Les problèmes posés par la coulée des produits de forte section sont examinés. Les comportements spécifiques à la solidification de certaines familles d’acier sont décrits : acier bas carbone pour produits plats minces, aciers inoxydables, aciers à haut carbone pour roulements.

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2

Deville, Sylvain, and Cécile Monteux. "Congélation d’émulsions : de la mayonnaise à la métallurgie." Reflets de la physique, no. 66 (July 2020): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/refdp/202066022.

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Si congeler de la mayonnaise n’est pas recommandé, cela pourrait toutefois nous aider à comprendre la fabrication d’alliages métalliques, la cryopréservation des cellules ou encore la congélation des sols en hiver. Nous nous intéressons ici au cas des gouttes d’huile dans une émulsion, observées par microscopie confocale au cours de la congélation. De nombreux phénomènes physiques (transport, diffusion, solidification, instabilités) prennent place lors de ce processus, offrant aux physicien.ne.s un problème inédit aux multiples ramifications. Ces études pourraient améliorer notre compréhension de plusieurs phénomènes de solidification, naturels comme technologiques.

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3

Madjoudj, Nadera, and Khaled Imessad. "Matériau à changement de phase au service de la bioclimatique." Journal of Renewable Energies 19, no. 4 (October 17, 2023): 647–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54966/jreen.v19i4.601.

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Le matériau à changement de phase (MCP) représente une alternative durable pour réduire la consommation énergétique. Il permet d'augmenter le confort thermique des occupants. L'incorporation du MCP pour le chauffage et le refroidissement des bâtiments a suscité un intérêt particulier de nombreux scientifiques, car il permet de stocker et de libérer de grandes quantités d'énergie sous forme de chaleur lors du processus de fusion et de solidification du matériau. Cet article constitue une première étape de l’étude menée au sein de l’équipe bioclimatique, sur l’intégration des MCP dans l’enveloppe du bâtiment. L’exploitation d’une centaine d’articles et de rapports a permis de dresser une synthèse sur les MCP ainsi que sur les travaux effectués sur le stockage de la chaleur latente. Ce dernier constitue un défi à relever pour des bâtiments énergétiquement plus efficaces.

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4

IHARA, I., D. BURHAN, and Y. SEDA. "NTM-02: In-Situ Observation of Solidification and Melting Processes of Aluminum Alloy by Ultrasound(NTM-I: NON TRADITIONAL MANUFACTURING PROCESS)." Proceedings of the JSME Materials and Processing Conference (M&P) 2005 (2005): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeintmp.2005.44_4.

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5

Mitchell, A. "Solidification in remelting processes." Materials Science and Engineering: A 413-414 (December 2005): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.08.157.

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6

Viskanta, R., M. V. A. Bianchi, J. K. Critser, and D. Gao. "Solidification Processes of Solutions." Cryobiology 34, no. 4 (June 1997): 348–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/cryo.1997.2015.

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7

Rettenmayr, Markus. "Benefits of Modeling of Melting for the Understanding of Solidification Processes." Materials Science Forum 649 (May 2010): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.649.53.

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Анотація:

Melting and solidification are both phase transformations involving a liquid and a solid phase. In a simplifying procedure melting could be treated as the inverse process of solidification. However, there are substantial differences in the thermodynamics and kinetics of melting and solidification. The elaboration of a model for melting of binary alloys has lead to the possibility to also describe solidification processes more consistently. Input parameters in the model are the Gibbs Free Energy curves and the diffusion coefficients in the liquid and solid phase, respectively. Assumptions about the thermodynamic state of the interface like local equilibrium are not necessary, recently developed interface thermodynamics is coupled with the kinetic equations. Simulations results for steady-state melting and solidification are compared. The treatment of both solidification and melting yields some insight in the proper¬ties of the liquid/solid interface and its role during the phase transformation.

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8

Bianchi, Marcus V. A., and Raymond Viskanta. "Gas segregation during solidification processes." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 40, no. 9 (June 1997): 2035–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0017-9310(96)00283-9.

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9

Dantzig, J. A. "Modeling Solidification Processes using FIDAP." Crystal Research and Technology 34, no. 4 (April 1999): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-4079(199904)34:4<417::aid-crat417>3.0.co;2-m.

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10

Eshraghi, Mohsen. "Numerical Simulation of Solidification Processes." Metals 13, no. 7 (July 21, 2023): 1303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13071303.

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11

Marukovich, E. I., V. Yu Stetsenko, and A. V. Stetsenko. "Influence of gases on casting expansion processes during their hardening." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 1 (March 13, 2023): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2023-1-47-50.

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Анотація:

It has been experimentally shown that directional solidification of water and bismuth in glass and quartz cylindrical forms does not result in expansion of the castings perpendicular to the solidification direction. Therefore, such forms are not destroyed. This is due to the unobstructed release of gases during directional solidification of water and bismuth. Gases have a great influence on the expansion processes of castings when they solidify.

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12

Ridolfi, Maria Rita. "The Formation of the Solidification Microstructure from Liquid Metal in Industrial Processes." Materials Science Forum 884 (January 2017): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.884.115.

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Анотація:

This paper focuses on the role played by the liquid metal management on the solidification microstructure in industrial solidification processes. In particular attention is paid to the elimination of solidification defects by governing the microstructure evolution through fluid-dynamics and heat and mass transport in the liquid. The formation of hot tearing and gas porosities as well as columnar and equiaxed microstructures and micro and macro segregation are analyzed to explain how the liquid management is used to avoid defects. Examples on continuous casting and welding are also included.A very powerful tool for dealing with the complex phenomena associated with the solidification process is numerical modeling. Its increasingly growing use contemplates fluid-dynamics of the liquid phase, mass transport of solutes and solid-liquid interface evolution. Models using phase field and volume-averaging techniques, as well as models integrating multi-physics and multi-scale phenomena, are described as their use is taking on increasing importance in the design of solidification processes.

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13

Ishmurzin, A., M. Gruber-Pretzler, F. Mayer, M. Wu, and A. Ludwig. "Multiphase/multicomponent modeling of solidification processes: coupling solidification kinetics with thermodynamics." International Journal of Materials Research 99, no. 6 (June 2008): 618–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/146.101682.

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14

Crha, Jan, J. Havlíček, Jiri Molínek, and Petr Kozelský. "Acoustic Emission Monitoring during Solidification Processes." Advanced Materials Research 13-14 (February 2006): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.13-14.299.

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The paper summarizes the experiences acquired from on-line acoustic emission monitoring (herafter AE) of heavy castings during their manufacturing (solidification and following cooling in the mould). They are usually monitored elastic waves generated above all by stress changes in the solid state. In order to exactly determine plastic-elastic transition state the investigation was focused on raising the sensitivity of detection. The suitable experimental technique is discussed in the first part of this article. The main problem of the measurement by high temperatures was solved by using waveguides. It is very important in this case to select useful signal sources from mechanical and electromagnetical disturbances. Some laboratory experiments were done for studying the signal origin in the first state of solidification. The results from on-line monitoring of two types cast rolls during manufacturing were compared. Each type of casting has its typical AE histogram. For the quality evaluation ( in our case) is significant the time period of approximate 5 days after pouring . The time delayed stress induced cracking generates high level AE signal in this time period and the presence of such signal indicates defective product. The study of high temperature tensile tests, structural phase transformation and solidification processes using AE is very important for analysis of AE sources. The use of the laboratory results for the AE source analysis on real products will be subject to futher research.

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15

NOHARA, Yohei, Shigeo KIMURA, Atsushi OKAJIMA, and Takahiro KIWATA. "Solidification processes of aqueous binary solution." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2004.3 (2004): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2004.3.0_53.

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16

Polcik, H., S. Bieniasz, Z. Górny, S. Kluska-Nawareck, and M. Warmuzek. "Simulation and Control of Solidification Processes." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 33, no. 17 (July 2000): 551–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)39462-4.

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17

Conti, Massimo, and Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi. "Interfacial dynamics in rapid solidification processes." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 280, no. 1-2 (May 2000): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4371(99)00631-7.

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18

Fukusako, Shoichiro, and Masahiko Yamada. "Solidification of Pure Liquids and Liquid Mixtures Inside Ducts and Over External Bodies." Applied Mechanics Reviews 47, no. 12 (December 1, 1994): 589–621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3111067.

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Анотація:

Recent advances in the understanding of transport phenomena during solidification inside ducts and over external bodies are discussed. The emphasis is on fundamental aspects of the phenomena observed in transport processes during solidification. After a discussion of the solidification of pure substances, transport processes during solidification of binary systems are reviewed. The important role played by fluid motion owing to density gradients is also discussed and future research needs are assessed.

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19

Park, Jae-Hyeon, Myung-Jin Kim, Heeshin Kang, Wonah Park, and Eun-Joon Chun. "Hot Cracking Characteristics During Single-Mode Fiber and Green Laser Welding Processes in Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Manufacturing." Journal of Welding and Joining 41, no. 5 (October 31, 2023): 367–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5781/jwj.2023.41.5.7.

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Solidification cracking during lithium-ion battery packaging was metallurgically investigated, specifically for Cu-steel dissimilar materials. To this end, single-mode fiber and green lasers were employed under heat input conditions ranging from 1.3 to 8.0 J/mm. For both laser welds, solidification cracking was concentrated in the steel region of the fusion zone, particularly in the locally Cu-depleted region, regardless of the welding condition. Modified self-restraint tests were performed for overlapping dissimilar material combinations to elucidate the mechanism of solidification cracking. Analysis of the solidification cracking surface revealed that approximately 15?30 mass% Cu existed on the surface. Cu was highly enriched with a droplet shape, formed during solidification within the miscibility gap. By calculating the non-equilibrium weld mushy zone range based on the diffusion-controlled Scheil’s model, the solidification cracking in the Cu-depleted region was estimated at 453 K. It was strongly affected by the severe segregation of Cu (95.7 mass%) in the residual liquid at the terminal stage of the solidification path. Therefore, from a welding metallurgical perspective, homogeneous Cu distribution and minimization of Cu segregation within the fusion zone are essential for suppressing or minimizing the solidification cracking susceptibility of Cu?steel dissimilar laser welding.

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20

Nastac, Laurentiu. "3D Modeling of the Solidification Structure Evolution and of the Inter Layer/Track Voids Formation in Metallic Alloys Processed by Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing." Materials 15, no. 24 (December 12, 2022): 8885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15248885.

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Анотація:

A fully transient discrete-source 3D Additive Manufacturing (AM) process model was coupled with a 3D stochastic solidification structure model to simulate the grain structure evolution quickly and efficiently in metallic alloys processed through Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion (EBPBF) and Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) processes. The stochastic model was adapted to rapid solidification conditions of multicomponent alloys processed via multi-layer multi-track AM processes. The capabilities of the coupled model include studying the effects of process parameters (power input, speed, beam shape) and part geometry on solidification conditions and their impact on the resulting solidification structure and on the formation of inter layer/track voids. The multi-scale model assumes that the complex combination of the crystallographic requirements, isomorphism, epitaxy, changing direction of the melt pool motion and thermal gradient direction will produce the observed texture and grain morphology. Thus, grain size, morphology, and crystallographic orientation can be assessed, and the model can assist in achieving better control of the solidification microstructures and to establish trends in the solidification behavior in AM components. The coupled model was previously validated against single-layer laser remelting IN625 experiments performed and analyzed at National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) using LPBF systems. In this study, the model was applied to predict the solidification structure and inter layer/track voids formation in IN718 alloys processed by LPBF processes. This 3D modeling approach can also be used to predict the solidification structure of Ti-based alloys processes by EBPBF.

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21

MOHAMMED, SALAMA. "SCALING CRITERIA OF SOLIDIFICATION AND CASTING PROCESSES." International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering 1, no. 1 (May 1, 1986): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.1986.52053.

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22

Rappaz, M. "Modelling of microstructure formation in solidification processes." International Materials Reviews 34, no. 1 (January 1989): 93–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/imr.1989.34.1.93.

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23

Szpunar, Barbara, and Reginald W. Smith. "Monte Carlo Simulation of Solidification Processes; Porosity." Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 35, no. 3 (July 1996): 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/cmq.1996.35.3.299.

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24

Boulby, K., and J. V. Wood. "Steel Particulate Made by Rapid Solidification Processes." Powder Metallurgy 29, no. 1 (January 1986): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/pom.1986.29.1.33.

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25

Jie, Wanqi. "Solute redistribution and segregation in solidification processes." Science and Technology of Advanced Materials 2, no. 1 (January 2001): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1468-6996(01)00022-5.

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26

Wereley, N. M., T. F. Zahrah, and F. H. Charron. "Intelligent Control of Consolidation and Solidification Processes." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 2, no. 5 (October 1993): 671–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02650056.

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27

Korzhenevskii, A. L., R. E. Rozas, and J. Horbach. "Complex banded structures in directional solidification processes." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 28, no. 3 (December 24, 2015): 035001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/28/3/035001.

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28

Rappaz, M., and V. Voller. "Modeling of micro-macrosegregation in solidification processes." Metallurgical Transactions A 21, no. 2 (February 1990): 749–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02671947.

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29

Jones, LarryW. "Interference mechanisms in waste stabilization/solidification processes." Journal of Hazardous Materials 24, no. 1 (December 1990): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3894(90)80005-o.

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30

Koric, Seid, and Brian G. Thomas. "Efficient thermo-mechanical model for solidification processes." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 66, no. 12 (2006): 1955–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1614.

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31

Cervera, Miguel, Carlos Agelet De Saracibar, and Michele Chiumenti. "Thermo-mechanical analysis of industrial solidification processes." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 46, no. 9 (November 30, 1999): 1575–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0207(19991130)46:9<1575::aid-nme713>3.0.co;2-d.

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32

Szimmat, J. "Numerical simulation of solidification processes in enclosures." Heat and Mass Transfer 38, no. 4-5 (April 1, 2002): 279–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00231-001-0282-7.

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33

Hachani, Lakhdar, Jiang Wang, Imants Kaldre, Georges Salloum-Abou-Jaoude, Olga Budenkova, Guillaume Reinhart, Kader Zaidat, et al. "Magnetic Fields, Convection and Solidification." Materials Science Forum 790-791 (May 2014): 375–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.790-791.375.

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Анотація:

In solidification processes the fluid flow occurs almost at every scale from the bulk, near the interfaces and deeply in the mushy zone. Numerical modeling is a valuable tool for understanding and master the solidification processes, however, macro-scale models are not always able to predict in detail the random behavior of the solidification process whereas models for micro scales are not capable to take into account a complex structure of flows which enter into the mushy zone. In the present paper the variety of the flows and imprints they left on solidification structure are discussed and illustrated with experimental data which naturally comprise every flow occurring in the process.

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34

Yoshioka, Hideaki, Yukio Tada, Kanji Kunimine, Taira Furuichi, and Yujiro Hayashi. "Heat transfer and solidification processes of alloy melt with undercooling: II. Solidification model." Acta Materialia 54, no. 3 (February 2006): 765–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2005.09.037.

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35

Liu, Zhongqiu. "Numerical Modeling of Metallurgical Processes: Continuous Casting and Electroslag Remelting." Metals 12, no. 5 (April 27, 2022): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12050746.

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36

Hassan, Mohamed Abubakr, Mahmoud Hassan, Chi-Guhn Lee, and Ahmad Sadek. "Monitoring Variability in Melt Pool Spatiotemporal Dynamics (VIMPS): Towards Proactive Humping Detection in Additive Manufacturing." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 8, no. 3 (May 29, 2024): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp8030114.

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Humping is a common defect in direct energy deposition processes that reduces the geometric integrity of printed products. The available literature on humping detection is deemed reactive, as they focus on detecting late-stage melt pool spatial abnormalities. Therefore, this work introduces a novel, proactive indicator designed to detect early-stage spatiotemporal abnormalities. Specifically, the proposed indicator monitors the variability of instantaneous melt pool solidification-front speed (VIMPS). The solidification front dynamics quantify the intensity of cyclic melt pool elongation induced by early-stage humping. VIMPS tracks the solidification front dynamics based on the variance in the melt pool infrared radiations. Qualitative and quantitive analysis of the collected infrared data confirms VIMPS’s utility in reflecting the intricate humping-induced dynamics and defects. Experimental results proved VIMPS’ proactivity. By capturing early spatiotemporal abnormalities, VIMPS predicted humping by up to 10 s before any significant geometric defects. In contrast, current spatial abnormality-based methods failed to detect humping until 20 s after significant geometric defects had occurred. VIMPS’ proactive detection capabilities enable effective direct energy deposition control, boosting the process’s productivity and quality.

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37

Ao, Guang Wu, Ming Gang Shen, Zhen Shan Zhang, and Li Li Hong. "The Studies on Numerical Simulation of Unidirectional Solidification Process in 23t Steel Ingot." Advanced Materials Research 502 (April 2012): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.502.46.

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Анотація:

In this paper, by using the commercial finite-element software of ProCAST, unidirectional solidification processes in 23t steel ingot were simulated. Emphasis is placed on analysis of required time for complete solidification of steel ingot and temperature distribution about ingot and side wall during the solidification process. By comparing simulation values and measured values of side wall during the solidification process, the simulated results conclusively demonstrate that our developed model is feasible and valuable.

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38

Ciobanu, Ioan, Mihai Chisamera, Sorin Ion Munteanu, Aurel Crişan, Iulian Riposan, Tibor Bedő, and Cinca Ionel Lupinca. "Researches about the Determination of the Thermal Conductivity Coefficient for Silica Sand Moulds Used in Romanian Foundries." Key Engineering Materials 457 (December 2010): 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.457.312.

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Анотація:

The paper presents the results of the researches regarding the determination of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the moulds used for cast iron parts in Romanian foundries. The instantaneous values of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the moulds are influenced by the type of materials that compose the moulding batch (sand, binder, additional materials) their content (percentage) their characteristics (grains form and dimensions), but also by the temperature. Many software used for casting solidification uses a mean substitutive value. This one include the effect of heat transmission by conduction in the mould wall and the secondary processes that influence the heat transfer throw the mould wall ( burning processes of organic substances, water evaporation and re-condensation processes, mass transport processes). The determination of this mean value in the case of casting grey cast iron parts with thickness of 20 mm is presented in the paper. A regressive method was applied. The solidification time experimentally determined throw thermal analyses is compared with the solidification time obtained by simulation, in three points of the casting. The value of the substitutive coefficient of thermal conductivity that assure the best closeness between the simulated solidification time and the solidification time experimentally determined throw thermal analysis in the three points was established.

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39

Xie, Ming Guo, Chang An Zhu, and Jian Xin Zhou. "Thermal Analysis on Solidification Behaviors of Hypoeutectic Grey Iron in Lost Foam Casting." Applied Mechanics and Materials 633-634 (September 2014): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.633-634.201.

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In this paper, the solidification behaviors of hypoeutectic grey iron under different vacuum conditions in lost foam casting (LFC) were discussed by using thermal analysis method. In order to reveal unique solidification characteristics in LFC, green sand casting (GSC) is introduced as comprehensive study. To comprehensively investigate solidification process, several groups of continuous cooling curves were taken from the geometrical center of the different thickness section (from 5mm to 45mm) of the stepped test bar in practical pouring experiment for the above two processes. And the first derivative of these cooling curves and key temperature points were evaluated. In this paper, through more complete comparative analysis of cooling curves, vacuum environment in LFC would not only change the filling characteristics of melt, but also importantly effect on the further solidification of melts, thereby effect on solidification processes and structural feature of hypoeutectic grey iron.

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40

Scaglione, Federico, Sergio Arnaboldi, Cristian Viscardi, Marcello Baricco, and Mauro Palumbo. "Solidification Calculations of Precious Alloys and Al-Base Alloys for Additive Manufacturing." Metals 12, no. 2 (February 11, 2022): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12020322.

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In this paper, we report two cases studies where solidification processes were successfully investigated with CALPHAD-based methodologies. The first one refers to the use of thermodynamic databases to describe the solidification processes of a precious Au-base alloy containing Ir as a grain refiner. The second one concerns the development and use of a quaternary database for Al-Mg-Si-Er alloys for additive manufacturing, where Er is added as a nucleating agent. While in the former case, the solidification process was investigated by running the Thermo-Calc software with a specific TCNOBL1 commercial database, in the latter, the necessary database was first constructed, using available thermodynamic assessments in the literature and experimental data, and then applied to investigate the solidification behavior of selected alloys.

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41

He, Zhi, Hao Bin Zhou, Zhong Yao Zhang, and Lan Yun Li. "The Solidification Path due to the Solute Redistribution of Al-Si-Mg Alloys." Advanced Materials Research 361-363 (October 2011): 1354–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.361-363.1354.

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The solution redistribution was an important phenomenon during the solidification of multi-component alloys. The different paths of solidification of different component Al-Si-Mg alloys were calculated in this paper. The calculations were coupled with CALPHAD technology. The interaction of solutes would change the solute redistribution coefficients during the solidification especially in the ends of solidification. The solidification paths were calculated by employing the CALPHAD technology and the binary partition coefficients separately. The results show that errors exist under assuming the partition coefficients of solutes as a constant due to the interaction between solutes in ternary alloys. The predicted solidification processes of Al-Si-Mg alloys agree well with the experimental results in this paper.

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42

Vardelle, Armelle, Christian Moreau, and Pierre Fauchais. "The Dynamics of Deposit Formation in Thermal-Spray Processes." MRS Bulletin 25, no. 7 (July 2000): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2000.121.

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In thermal spraying, coatings are formed by particles flattening and piling up on the substrate. At impact, the sudden deceleration of the particle causes a pressure buildup at the particle-surface interface; the high pressure inside the particle forces melted material to flow laterally and ductile material to deform. The particle spreads outward from the point of impact and forms a “splat.” The arresting of spreading results from the conversion of particle kinetic energy into work of viscous deformation and surface energy. Solidification constraint (when the solidification front is advancing from the substrate surface fast enough to interact with the liquid during spreading) and mechanical constraint (due to the roughness of the substrate surface) can interfere with the flattening process.

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43

Yu, Shiwei, Lie Liu, Lianghua Han, Xiangyang Sun, Jiapo Sun, Can Li, Qiupei Wu, Haoyue Huang, and Junze Zhang. "Ultra-high power laser for vitrification of borosilicate glass." AIP Advances 12, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): 095211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0102864.

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The glass solidification technology has been studied by many researchers for decades to handle the trouble of high-level liquid waste (HLLW). However, the widely used joule-heated ceramic melter technology also has disadvantages such as complicated processes, easy deposition of heavy metals, and low thermal efficiency. To deal with these problems, we proposed a new glass solidification device based on ultra-high power laser heating to handle HLLW. HLLW was mixed with borosilicate glass, and melting, clarifying, and annealing processes were carried out in a crucible using laser heat. We test the properties of the borosilicate glass solidified body and then analyze it. The results show that the borosilicate glass beads were completely melted and other indicators are in line with the requirements. As a result, the new device that is heated by an ultra-high laser is feasible for vitrification of HLLW and has the potential to overcome the disadvantages of traditional solidification technology. This research is helpful to explore new glass solidification processes.

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44

Dargahi Noubary, Kaveh Dargahi, Michael Kellner, and Britta Nestler. "Rotating Directional Solidification of Ternary Eutectic Microstructures in Bi-In-Sn: A Phase-Field Study." Materials 15, no. 3 (February 2, 2022): 1160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15031160.

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For the first time, the experimental processing condition of a rotating directional solidification is simulated in this work, by means of a grand-potential-based phase-field model. To simulate the rotating directional solidification, a new simulation setup with a rotating temperature field is introduced. The newly developed configuration can be beneficent for a more precise study of the ongoing adjustment mechanisms during temperature gradient controlled solidification processes. Ad hoc, the solidification of the ternary eutectic system Bi-In-Sn with three distinct solid phases α,β,δ is studied in this paper. For this system, accurate in situ observations of both directional and rotating directional solidification experiments exist, which makes the system favorable for the investigation. The two-dimensional simulation studies are performed for both solidification processes, considering the reported 2D patterns in the steady state growth of the bulk samples. The desired αβαδ phase ordering repeat unit is obtained within both simulation types. By considering anisotropy of the interfacial energies, experimentally reported tilted lamellae with respect to normal vectors of the solidification front, as well as predominant role of αβ anisotropy in tilting phenomenon, are observed. The results are validated by using the Jackson–Hunt analysis and by comparing with the existing experimental data. The convincing agreements indicate the applicability of the introduced method.

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45

Knauf, Frederik, René Baadjou, and Gerhard Hirt. "Process Window Determination for Thixoextrusion Processes Using a Steel Alloy." Solid State Phenomena 141-143 (July 2008): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.141-143.61.

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A direct semi-solid bar extrusion process is characterised by inserting a feed stock in a container and extruding through a forming die with a punch. Compared to conventional bar extrusion the use of semi-solid material complicates the process due to the requirement of solidification of the material. To achieve the solidification of the semi-solid bar, different basic tool concepts are presented. With a combination of these concepts experiments were carried out using the steel alloy X210CrW12 to detect the influence of the most influencing parameters press velocity, extrusion channel diameter, length and geometry. Numerical simulations enable a better understanding of the process mechanics like temperature development in the billet and forming die as well as the material flow in the deformation zone.

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46

Rohde, M., O. Baldus, D. Dimitrova, and S. Schreck. "Numerical Simulation of Laser Induced Modification Processes of Ceramic Substrates." Materials Science Forum 492-493 (August 2005): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.492-493.465.

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Laser supported processes can be used to modify the electrical and thermal properties of ceramic substrates locally. These processes are characterised by a strong thermal interaction between the laser beam and the ceramic surface which leads to localised melting. During the dynamic melting process an additive material is injected into the melt pool in order to modify the physical properties. The heat and mass transfer during this dynamic melting and solidification process has been studied numerically in order to identify the dominant process parameters. Simulation tools based on a finite volume method have been developed to describe the heat transfer, fluid flow and the phase change during the melting and solidification of the ceramic. The results of the calculation have been validated against experimental results.

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47

Ye, Guo Xin, Bo Wu, Chao Hui Zhang, Tuo Chen, Mao Hua Lin, Yong Jiang Xie, Ya Xiang Xiao, et al. "Study of Solidification Microstructures of Multi-Principal High-Entropy Alloy FeCoNiCrMn by Using Experiments and Simulation." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 1746–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.1746.

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The microstructures and the solidification processes simulation of multi-principal high-entropy alloy FeCoNiCrMn were studied by using both experimental and computational approaches. The microstructures were identified by methods of XRD, SEM and EDS. The solidification process was simulated by Scheil-Gulliver solidification model. The alloy mainly forms a single FCC solid solution, but Mn atoms, as well as Ni atoms tend to be enriched in residual liquid phase during the solidification process. These atoms show interdendritic segregation. Present experimental results and computational results are supported each other well.

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48

Sari, Ibrahim, Nashmi Alrasheedi, Mahmoud Ahmadein, Joy Djuansjah, Lakhdar Hachani, Kader Zaidat, Menghuai Wu, and Abdellah Kharicha. "Modeling Dendrite Coarsening and Remelting during Directional Solidification of Al-06wt.%Cu Alloy." Materials 17, no. 4 (February 16, 2024): 912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17040912.

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Research efforts have been dedicated to predicting microstructural evolution during solidification processes. The main secondary arm spacing controls the mushy zone’s permeability. The aim of the current work was to build a simple sub-grid model that describes the growth and coarsening of secondary side dendrite arms. The idea was to reduce the complexity of the curvature distribution with only two adjacent side arms in concurrence. The model was built and applied to the directional solidification of Al-06wt%Cu alloy in a Bridgman experiment. The model showed its effectiveness in predicting coarsening phenomena during the solidification of Al-06wt%Cu alloy. The results showed a rapid growth of both arms at an earlier stage of solidification, followed by the remelting of the smaller arm. In addition, the results are in good agreement with an available time-dependent expression which covers the growth and coarsening. Such model can be implemented as a sub-grid model in volume average models for the prediction of the evolution of the main secondary arms spacing during macroscopic solidification processes.

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49

Kamaeva, L. V., and V. I. Lad’yanov. "Processes of the solidification of Ni-B alloys." Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics 74, no. 8 (August 2010): 1170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s106287381008040x.

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50

Fernández-Cara, Enrique, Gema Camacho, and Roberto C. Cabrales. "Analysis and optimal control of some solidification processes." Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems 34, no. 10 (April 2014): 3985–4017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/dcds.2014.34.3985.

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