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Статті в журналах з теми "Process flowsheet"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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1

Ali, Syed Sadiq, Mohammad Asif, and Avijit Basu. "Design and simulation of high purity biodiesel reactive distillation process." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 21, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2019-0022.

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Abstract Biodiesel is a promising energy substitute of fossil fuels since it is produced from renewable and biodegradable sources. In the present work, reactive distillation (RD) process is designed and simulated using Aspen Plus process simulator to produce biodiesel of high purity through esterification reaction. The simultaneous reaction and separation in same unit enhances the biodiesel yield and composition in RD process. Two flowsheets are proposed in present work. In the first flowsheet, the unreacted methanol is recycled back to reactive distillation column. Biodiesel with 99.5 mol% purity is obtained in product stream while the byproduct stream comprises 95.2 mol% water, which has to be treated further. In the second flowsheet, a part of methanol recycle is split and purged. In this case, the biodiesel composition in product stream is 99.7 mol% whereas water composition is 99.9 mol% in byproduct stream, which can be reused for other process without treatment.

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2

Zhang, Tie Min, Jian Jun Fang, Tai Guo Jiang, Shan Wang, and Ying Bo Mao. "Impact of Closed Flowsheet Structure on Oxidised Copper Ores in Huidong." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.337.

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Flotation experimental research is carried out on a certain oxidised copper ores in Huidong, Sichuan province. The ores belongs to the typical oxidised ores. For the characteristics of the mine and the scene of the test requirements, five different flowsheets were test. Under the proper process conditions, the good technical indexes were obtained in all flowsheets. But the the fourth flotation flowsheet was choosed. The principle process of two roughing, one scavenging and two cleaning were used in flotation process. Both the scavenging foam and tailing of first cleaning are returned to the first roughing work and tailing of second cleaning is returned to first cleaning work in closed circuit.

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3

Kos, Peter. "Short SRT (solids retention time) nitrification process/flowsheet." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 1 (July 1, 1998): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0007.

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The short SRT nitrification process/flowsheet was developed to provide an inexpensive alternative for plants in the northern climates which need to upgrade their activated sludge process for year-round nitrification or nitrogen removal. In this process/flowsheet supplemental nitrifiers are added daily to the activated sludge process to replenish nitrifiers removed with the wasted activated sludge. The supplemental nitrifiers are grown in a separate small side-stream aeration tank using ammonia available in the digested sludge dewatering liquid or in the digester supernatant. Paper presents description of this flowsheet, the theoretical background and results of modeling. Modeling of this process/flowsheet showed that the addition of the supplemental nitrifiers allows the main stream activated sludge process to nitrify during low winter temperatures at very low SRT values. For example an SRT of 7 to 10 days at 10°C is required, instead of 13 to 18 days for conventional nitrification. Thus this process/flowsheet can provide nitrification in a substantially smaller aeration tank than required for the conventional nitrification.

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4

Barrett Jr, W. M., and J. van Baten. "Evaluating Process Sustainability Using Flowsheet Monitoring." Chemical Engineering & Technology 35, no. 8 (July 3, 2012): 1405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201100603.

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5

Garner, K. C., N. J. Peberdy, and C. N. Moreton. "Process and process control design using dynamic flowsheet simulation." Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 3, no. 1 (February 1986): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03402634.

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6

Stephenson, Tom. "A process engineering approach to water and wastewater treatment education." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 12 (December 1, 1996): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0334.

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Development of more stringent water quality standards has been met with development of more sophisticated processing. It is argued that the skills and knowledge of the process engineer are now required to design, operate and manage treatment plants of today. The postgraduate degree courses run by the School of Water Sciences adopt a process engineering approach, giving students a fundamental understanding of unit operations before applying them in the context of the flowsheet. This is achieved by having three parts to a course: a taught element for fundamental skills and knowledge; group design projects for applications of unit operations in flowsheets; and a practical thesis project for application of novel unit operations. Industrial lecturers, groupwork and oral presentation of work helps develop skills relevant to future careers in water and wastewater treatment.

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7

Farkas, Tivadar, Endre Rev, and Zoltan Lelkes. "Process flowsheet superstructures: Structural multiplicity and redundancy." Computers & Chemical Engineering 29, no. 10 (September 2005): 2180–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2005.07.007.

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8

Farkas, Tivadar, Endre Rev, and Zoltan Lelkes. "Process flowsheet superstructures: Structural multiplicity and redundancy." Computers & Chemical Engineering 29, no. 10 (September 2005): 2198–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2005.07.008.

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9

Marquardt, W., P. Holl, and E. D. Gilles. "Dynamic Process Flowsheet Simulation - An Important Tool in Process Control." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 20, no. 5 (July 1987): 369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)55465-8.

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10

Buchholz, Moritz, Johannes Haus, Lukas Blesinger, Christian Riemann, Swantje Pietsch, Frank Kleine Jäger, and Stefan Heinrich. "Process Design of a Multistage Drying Process via Flowsheet Simulation." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 93, no. 8 (March 2021): 1287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.202000207.

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11

Peeters, J., G. Vicevic, G. H. Koops, and P. Côté. "The role of innovative technologies in achieving energy-neutral wastewater treatment." Water Practice and Technology 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 691–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2016.074.

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Анотація:

A new flowsheet is proposed to achieve energy-neutral wastewater treatment (even better, electricity-neutral) while removing nitrogen using the proven nitrification-denitrification metabolic pathway. It is compatible with solid-liquid separation by conventional clarification or membrane filtration. The new flowsheet is based on a hybrid membrane-aerated biofilm reactor process which uses hollow fiber membranes arranged in modules and cassettes deployed in a way similar to immersed hollow fiber filtration membranes used for MBR (e.g., the ZeeWeed1 500 product). Atmospheric air is fed down the lumen of hollow fibers and oxygen is transferred to the biofilm growing on the outer surface of the membrane without the formation of bubbles. The new energy-neutral flowsheet is compared to a conventional activated sludge (CAS) flowsheet including complete wastewater and sludge treatment with anaerobic digestion and combined heat and power energy recovery. The new flowsheet has an electricity consumption 40% lower and energy production 18% higher as compared to the CAS flowsheet and is overall electricity-neutral.

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12

Cichy, Krystian, Kornel Tobiczyk, Arkadiusz Mańka, Grażyna Pajor, and Cezary ReguŁa. "Possibilities for reusing the waste from the process of Zn-Pb ore beneficiation." E3S Web of Conferences 18 (2017): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20171801008.

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This paper discusses the areas of storage, resources, and granulometric and chemical characteristics of old Zn-Pb tailings stored in heaps in the city of Bytom area. It presents the results of laboratory tests for development of the technological flowsheet for transformation of the material into Zn- Pb sulfide concentrates and the results of trials in an experimental system of the beneficiation flowsheet which was developed. In the further part of the paper, the results of the research work on preparation of the tailings with reduced metal content for further use are presented.

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13

Yüce, A. E., G. Bulut, F. Boylu, and G. Önal. "PROCESS FLOWSHEET DEVELOPMENT FOR BENEFICIATION OF NICKEL ORE." Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review 29, no. 1 (October 18, 2007): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08827500701257936.

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14

Morris, A., J. Bartlett, and A. Deneys. "Flowsheet modelling software for process analysis and design." JOM 49, no. 4 (April 1997): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02914860.

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15

Yu, Ke Zhi, Jia Xiong Tang, and Xiang Ling. "The Simulation of CO₂ Recovery & Liquefaction Flowsheet in the Beer Fermentation Process by Aspen Plus Software." Advanced Materials Research 569 (September 2012): 286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.569.286.

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Aspen Plus software is adopted to simulate the CO2 recovery & liquefaction flowsheet in the beer fermentation process. The foam trap, balloon and CO2 storage tank are removed from the simulation objects so as to simplify the simulation, and other devices adopt corresponding module and property method to ensure the simulation accuracy. The Comparisons show that the simulation results are agreement with the measurements, which means the flowsheet simulation is successful.

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16

McAdam, E. J., D. Lüffler, N. Martin-Garcia, A. L. Eusebi, J. N. Lester, B. Jefferson, and E. Cartmell. "Integrating anaerobic processes into wastewater treatment." Water Science and Technology 63, no. 7 (April 1, 2011): 1459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.378.

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Over the past decade, the concept of anaerobic processes for the treatment of low temperature domestic wastewater has been introduced. This paper uses a developed wastewater flowsheet model and experimental data from several pilot scale studies to establish the impact of integrating anaerobic process into the wastewater flowsheet. The results demonstrate that, by integrating an expanded granular sludge blanket reactor to treat settled wastewater upstream of the activated sludge process, an immediate reduction in imported electricity of 62.5% may be achieved for a treated flow of c. 10,000 m3 d−1. This proposed modification to the flowsheet offers potential synergies with novel unit processes including physico-chemical ammonia removal and dissolved methane recovery. Incorporating either of these unit operations can potentially further improve the flowsheet net energy balance to between +0.037 and +0.078 kWh m−3 of produced water. The impact of these secondary unit operations is significant as it is this contribution to the net energy balance that facilitates the shift from energy negative to energy positive wastewater treatment.

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17

Farzanegan, A., and A. Ebtedaei Ghalaei. "Simulation-Assisted Evaluation of Grinding Circuit Flowsheet Design Alternatives: Aghdarreh Gold Ore Processing Plant / Ocena Alternatywnych Schematów Technologicznych Procesu Rozdrabniania W Zakładach Przeróbki Rud Złota W Aghdarreh, Z Wykorzystaniem Metod Symulacji." Archives of Mining Sciences 60, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 123–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amsc-2015-0009.

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Abstract The run of mine ore from Aghdarreh gold mine must be comminuted to achieve the desired degree of liberation of gold particles. Currently, comminution circuits include a single-stage crushing using a jaw crusher and a single-stage grinding using a Semi-Autogenous Grinding (SAG) mill in closed circuit with a hydrocyclone package. The gold extraction is done by leaching process using cyanidation method through a series of stirred tanks. In this research, an optimization study of Aghdarreh plant grinding circuit performance was done to lower the product particle size (P80) from 70 μm to approximately 40 μm by maintaining current throughput using modeling and simulation approach. After two sampling campaigns from grinding circuit, particle size distribution data were balanced using NorBal software. The first and second data sets obtained from the two sampling campaigns were used to calibrate necessary models and validate them prior to performing simulation trials using MODSIM software. Computer simulations were performed to assess performance of two proposed new circuit flowsheets. The first proposed flowsheet consists of existing SAG mill circuit and a new proposed ball mill in closed circuit with a new second hydrocyclone package. The second proposed flowsheet consists of existing SAG mill circuit followed by a new proposed ball mill in closed circuit with the existing hydrocyclone package. In all simulations, SAGT, CYCL and MILL models were selected to simulate SAG mill, Hydrocyclone packages and ball mill units. SAGT and MILL models both are based on population balance model of grinding process. CYCL model is based on Plitt’s empirical model of classification process in hydrocyclone units. It was shown that P80 can be reduced to about 40 μm and 42 μm for the first and second proposed circuits, respectively. Based on capital and operational costs, it can be concluded that the second proposed circuit is a more suitable option for plant grinding flowsheet modification.

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18

Biegler, L. T. "Process flowsheet optimization strategies: recent results and future directions." Applied Numerical Mathematics 3, no. 5 (October 1987): 393–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9274(87)90029-8.

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19

Medeiros, J. L., L. C. Barbosa, F. M. Vargas, O. Q. F. Araújo, and R. M. F. Silva. "Flowsheet optimization of a lubricant base oil hydrotreatment process." Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering 21, no. 2 (June 2004): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-66322004000200022.

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20

Nigmatova, F. U., M. Sh Shomansurova, I. Kh Siddikov, and A. A. Musakhonov. "Design technique for organizational-process flowsheet in clothing manufacture." Automation and Remote Control 75, no. 6 (June 2014): 1130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0005117914060125.

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21

Bewaji-Adedeji, EO, and RJ Best. "Flowsheet simulation of coffee extraction: A continuous cyclic process." Computers & Chemical Engineering 20 (January 1996): S485—S490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-1354(96)00090-7.

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22

Gregg, D., and JN Saddler. "Bioconversion of lignocellulosic residue to ethanol: Process flowsheet development." Biomass and Bioenergy 9, no. 1-5 (January 1995): 287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0961-9534(95)00097-6.

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23

d’Anterroches, Loïc, and Rafiqul Gani. "Group contribution based process flowsheet synthesis, design and modelling." Fluid Phase Equilibria 228-229 (February 2005): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2004.08.018.

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24

Janus, Tim, and Sebastian Engell. "Iterative Process Design with Surrogate‐Assisted Global Flowsheet Optimization." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 93, no. 12 (November 3, 2021): 2019–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.202100095.

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25

Li, Ming Xiao, Sheng Jian, Mei Hua Liu, and Jin Fang Lv. "Desulfurization Process of High-Sulfur Coal by Full-Flotation." Advanced Materials Research 616-618 (December 2012): 603–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.616-618.603.

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The coal sample from the Shijiazhai mine located in the east of Yunnan province of China, is characterized with high ash and sulfur content which are 64.90% and 8.66% respectively. Analysis results indicate that coal and pyrite are the valuable minerals that can be recycled from the crude ore. According to the properties of the ore, a full-flotation flowsheet is proposed to process the ore. The coal is separated by depressing the pyrite firstly, then the pyrite is activated and flotated. Based on the regulating of reagent scheme and flowsheet process, the optimum small-scale closed circuit experiment is conducted to obtain a coal concentrate with a yield of 37.18%, assaying 41.10% C and 5.38% S at a C recovery of 83.05%, and a S concentrate with a yield of 6.18%, assaying 9.04% C and 42.49% S at a S recovery of 30.56%, which could provide technical support for the building of the plant.

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26

Dragnea, Petru, and Costin Sorin Bildea. "Process Control of Isobutene Dimerization Plant." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 5 (June 15, 2017): 982–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.5.5595.

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The development and evaluation of the dynamic flowsheet for isobutene dimerization process is presented. The steps for developing the dynamic model, the control scheme and the controllers tuning are shown and the response of the system to different disturbances is evaluated. The results are presented in graphical form. Methods for changing the plant throughput and for controlling the product specification when the feed composition varies are presented.

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27

Baawuah, Emmanuel, Christopher Kelsey, Jonas Addai-Mensah, and William Skinner. "Economic and Socio-Environmental Benefits of Dry Beneficiation of Magnetite Ores." Minerals 10, no. 11 (October 26, 2020): 955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10110955.

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In our previous studies, we demonstrated the performance of novel superfine crusher and pneumatic planar magnetic separator as energy-efficient technologies for dry processing of magnetite ores. The present study investigates the economic and socio-environmental benefits of applying these technologies in conceptual dry magnetite ore processing flowsheet. The outcome of the study is compared with that of a conceptual wet processing flowsheet for the same ore. The cost estimations used are based on the Brook Hunt C1 methodology whilst revenue estimations are based on the Platts Iron Ore Index specification. The demonstrated economic and socio-environmental benefits show that dry processing flowsheet offers significant energy and cost savings and improved revenue generation compared with the wet process flowsheet. These findings are vital to the magnetite industry, particularly in water- and energy-scarce regions as a benchmark for future studies aimed at deepening and expanding the knowledge base of dry beneficiation of magnetite ores.

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28

Metta, Nirupaplava, Michael Ghijs, Elisabeth Schäfer, Ashish Kumar, Philippe Cappuyns, Ivo Van Assche, Ravendra Singh, et al. "Dynamic Flowsheet Model Development and Sensitivity Analysis of a Continuous Pharmaceutical Tablet Manufacturing Process Using the Wet Granulation Route." Processes 7, no. 4 (April 24, 2019): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7040234.

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In view of growing interest and investment in continuous manufacturing, the development and utilization of mathematical model(s) of the manufacturing line is of prime importance. These models are essential for understanding the complex interplay between process-wide critical process parameters (CPPs) and critical quality attributes (CQAs) beyond the individual process operations. In this work, a flowsheet model that is an approximate representation of the ConsiGma TM -25 line for continuous tablet manufacturing, including wet granulation, is developed. The manufacturing line involves various unit operations, i.e., feeders, blenders, a twin-screw wet granulator, a fluidized bed dryer, a mill, and a tablet press. The unit operations are simulated using various modeling approaches such as data-driven models, semi-empirical models, population balance models, and mechanistic models. Intermediate feeders, blenders, and transfer lines between the units are also simulated. The continuous process is simulated using the flowsheet model thus developed and case studies are provided to demonstrate its application for dynamic simulation. Finally, the flowsheet model is used to systematically identify critical process parameters (CPPs) that affect process responses of interest using global sensitivity analysis methods. Liquid feed rate to the granulator, and air temperature and drying time in the dryer are identified as CPPs affecting the tablet properties.

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29

Zhang, Han Ping, Xiao Li Wang, Xu Ming Wang, Sheng Jian, and Qun Zhao. "A Novel Combined Flowsheet of Beneficiation and Acid Leaching under High Pressure for Complex Lead-Zinc Ores." Advanced Materials Research 92 (January 2010): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.92.13.

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The run-of-mine of complex lead-zinc ores in Yunnan contains 3.26% lead and 2.54% zinc. When traditional selective flotation flowsheet was adopted, 3.77% yield and 61.92% grade of lead concentrate as well as 5.65% yield and 38.67% grade of zinc concentrate were achieved. Simultaneously, 72.39％ lead recovery and 3.83% zinc grade in lead concentrate as well as 80.64% zinc recovery and 6.39% lead grade in zinc concentrate were obtained. Lead concentrate and zinc concentrate obtained from selective flotation contain each other severely, resulting in low recovery of lead and zinc and severe loss of metal, which influences subsequent smelting flowsheet. In addition, due to requirement of large amount of depressant and activator while separating lead and zinc in the process of mineral processing, the cost is very high and the compositions of tail water which can not be recycled by the plant are very complicated. For the combined flowsheet of beneficiation and metallurgy, bulk flotation flowsheet was adopted. Therefore, 11.22% yield of combined lead and zinc concentrate with 25.55% lead grade, 18.33% zinc grade and 86.36% lead recovery were obtained. Gravity separation technology was utilized to separate combined concentrate of lead and zinc. After selecting out part of high quality lead concentrate, the remaining combined concentrate of lead and zinc was treated by acid leaching under high pressure. The final leaching efficiency of zinc was able to reach 97%. The new combined flowsheet has lots of advantages such as shorter flowsheet of beneficiation, simpler reagents, more direct reuse of backwater and higher recovery of metals.

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30

Li, Feng Jiu, Li Min Zhang, and Wen Zhi Lv. "Experimental Study on the Mineral Processing of a Certain Low Grade Copper-Molybdenum Ore in XINJIANG." Advanced Materials Research 557-559 (July 2012): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.557-559.75.

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Aimed at the ore characteristics，the flotation flowsheet of one—stage coarse grinding—bulk flotation of copper and molybdenum—regrinding of bulk concentrate—separation of copper and molybdenum was determined effected．Experiment uses the above flowsheet and reasonable conditions to process molybdenum crude ore of molybdenum and copper crude grade being 0.066% and 0.03%,and the better indexes of the molybdenum grade of concentrate is 51.68%,the copper grade of concentrate is 12.60% and molybdenum recovery is 74.33% are got.

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31

Ahmadi, Aras, Etienne Severac, Nelly Monties, Marion Claverie, Magali Remaud-Simeon, Claire Moulis, and Ligia Tiruta-Barna. "An eco-design approach for an innovative production process of low molar mass dextran." Green Chemistry 21, no. 16 (2019): 4512–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9gc01583c.

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An approach for early-stage ecodesign of an enzyme based process was developed by coupling process modeling, Life Cycle Assessment and flowsheet design, to evaluate the real advantages of the direct synthesis of low molar mass dextrans from sucrose.

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32

Milani, S. M., and M. E. Findley. "Linear process calculations as convergence accelerators in flowsheet-sequenced programs." AIChE Journal 32, no. 4 (April 1986): 624–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690320412.

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33

Kisala, T. P., R. A. Trevino-Lozano, J. F. Boston, H. I. Britt, and L. B. Evans. "Sequential modular and simultaneous modular strategies for process flowsheet optimization." Computers & Chemical Engineering 11, no. 6 (January 1987): 567–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-1354(87)87003-5.

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34

Alves, C. L., A. De Noni Jr, R. Janssen, D. Hotza, J. B. Rodrigues Neto, S. Y. Gómez González, and M. Dosta. "Integrated process simulation of porcelain stoneware manufacturing using flowsheet simulation." CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology 33 (May 2021): 473–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cirpj.2021.04.011.

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35

Taylor, Robin, Mike Carrott, Hitos Galan, Andreas Geist, Xavier Hères, Chris Maher, Chris Mason, et al. "The EURO-GANEX Process: Current Status of Flowsheet Development and Process Safety Studies." Procedia Chemistry 21 (2016): 524–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proche.2016.10.073.

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36

Reimers, Claus, Joachim Werther, and Guenter Gruhn. "Flowsheet simulation of solids processes." Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification 47, no. 1 (January 2008): 138–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2007.07.015.

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37

Jia, Qing Mei, Li Min Zhang, and Wen Zhi Lv. "Experimental Study on the Mineral Processing of a Certain Low Grade Copper-Molybdenum Ore in Xinjiang." Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (June 2012): 983–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.983.

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Copper molybdenum ore, Experiment study, Copper molybdenum separation, Flotation. Abstract. Aimed at the ore characteristics，the flotation flowsheet of one—stage coarse grinding—bulk flotation of copper and molybdenum—regrinding of bulk concentrate—separation of copper and molybdenum was determined effected．Experiment uses the above flowsheet and reasonable conditions to process molybdenum crude ore of molybdenum and copper crude grade being 0.066% and 0.03%,and the better indexes of the molybdenum grade of concentrate is 51.68%,the copper grade of concentrate is 12.60% and molybdenum recovery is 74.33% are got.

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Hamedi, Homa, Torsten Brinkmann, and Sergey Shishatskiy. "Membrane-Assisted Methanol Synthesis Processes and the Required Permselectivity." Membranes 11, no. 8 (August 6, 2021): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11080596.

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Water-selective membrane reactors are proposed in the literature to improve methanol yield for a standalone reactor. However, the methanol productivity is not a precise metric to show the system improvement since, with this approach, we do not consider the amount of energy loss through the undesirable co-permeation of H2, which could otherwise remain on the reaction side at high pressure. In other words, the effectiveness of this new technology should be evaluated at a process flowsheet level to assess its advantages and disadvantages on the overall system performance and, more importantly, to identify the minimum required properties of the membrane. Therefore, an equation-based model for a membrane reactor, developed in Aspen Custom Modeler, was incorporated within the process flowsheet of the methanol plant to develop an integrated process framework to conduct the investigation. We determined the upper limit of the power-saving at 32% by exploring the favorable conditions wherein a conceptual water selective membrane reactor proves more effective. Using these suboptimal conditions, we realized that the minimum required H2O/H2 selectivity is 190 and 970 based on the exergy analysis and overall power requirement, respectively. According to our results, the permselectivity of membranes synthesized for this application in the literature, showing improvements in the one-pass conversion, is well below the minimum requirement when the overall methanol synthesis process flowsheet comes into consideration.

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39

Privette, Grayson, Jennifer Osborne, Karen Keough, Eimear Kitt, Julia S. Sammons, Emma Paras, Eric Shelov, and Lori Handy. "497. Impact of a customized travel and exposure screening tool during the COVID-19 pandemic." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S314—S315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.690.

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Abstract Background Screening for communicable diseases at entry to any healthcare setting due to a patient’s travel or exposure history is an important tenet of reducing transmission of pathogens among patients and healthcare providers. We identified multiple screening tools across our enterprise leading to inconsistent documentation by staff and inability to rapidly change screening questions. We aimed to develop a customized screening tool within our electronic health record to address these challenges and provide real-time screening data to our Department of Infection Prevention. Methods Stakeholders from all clinical areas as well as family consultants and registration staff provided input on needs for an optimized screening tool. Process mapping across clinical areas of prior screening tools identified variation in decision support and screening questions for both countries and diseases, and demonstrated lack of clear communication between registration staff and clinical teams. Questions and decision support needed to identify communicable diseases in a waiting room setting were identified with stakeholders. Our informatics team reviewed multiple tool options available in the EHR including a built-in travel module with print groups and best practice alerts, a smartform, and flowsheets. Results Our informatics team designed a universal flowsheet with cascading rows that included clinical decision support with travel, exposure, and symptom screening. During the period of peak COVID-19 transmission in our region, an average of 1644 patients were screened daily. Of those, 2.8% screened positive for travel to an area of increased transmission with 14.9% of those who traveled reporting respiratory symptoms. An additional 4.1% of total patients screened positive for exposure to COVID-19, while 7.7% reported respiratory symptoms. Nine real-time updates to locations of increased disease transmission and symptoms have been made. Customized travel and exposure screening flowsheet cascade Conclusion Utilizing a custom-built flowsheet model in our EHR permitted real time changes to screening to support appropriate use of infection prevention measures. Customizable travel and exposure screening is critical for identification of patients with concern for COVID-19 and other emerging pathogens. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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40

Zschiesche, Christoph, and Jürgen Antrekowitsch. "Fundamental Investigation for Processing of Pb-Cu-S-Bearing Materials." Metals 12, no. 1 (January 3, 2022): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12010074.

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The processing of polymetallic materials provides some challenges to every flowsheet. Within Aurubis Cu-Pb-metallurgical flowsheet, a broad range of raw materials and intermediates are processed. Continuous improvements are required to adapt the flowsheet according to the changing material quantity and quality. Therefore, thermodynamic modeling is the desired and most efficient way to conduct scenario analysis. Hence, databases and software are becoming better and better as the acceptance of this method increased. Further understanding is promoted by conducting experimental test work to validate the calculated results. In this research work, the impact of various oxygen potential on the formation of the condensed phases’ slag, matte, speiss and crude lead were investigated. A frequent check of slag metallurgy, in particular, the iron and lead concentration, provide feedback if the metallurgical process is operating at the right oxygen potential. Following, the calculated distribution coefficients for Cu, Pb, As, Sb, Sn and Ni between matte/speiss and speiss/lead are discussed.

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41

Weitz, Oren, and Daniel R. Lewin. "Dynamic controllability and resiliency diagnosis using steady state process flowsheet data." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 27, no. 7 (June 1994): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)47957-2.

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Awe, Samuel A., Jan-Eric Sundkvist, Nils-Johan Bolin, and Åke Sandström. "Process flowsheet development for recovering antimony from Sb-bearing copper concentrates." Minerals Engineering 49 (August 2013): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2013.04.026.

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Li, Jianping, Salih Emre Demirel, and M. M. Faruque Hasan. "Process synthesis using block superstructure with automated flowsheet generation and optimization." AIChE Journal 64, no. 8 (July 5, 2018): 3082–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.16219.

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Ganesh, N., and L. T. Biegler. "A robust technique for process flowsheet optimization using simplified model approximations." Computers & Chemical Engineering 11, no. 6 (January 1987): 553–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-1354(87)87002-3.

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Weitz, O., and D. R. Lewin. "Dynamic controllability and resiliency diagnosis using steady state process flowsheet data." Computers & Chemical Engineering 20, no. 4 (April 1996): 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-1354(95)00023-2.

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Lin, Zhaojia, Jingyao Wang, Vladimiros Nikolakis, and Marianthi Ierapetritou. "Process flowsheet optimization of chemicals production from biomass derived glucose solutions." Computers & Chemical Engineering 102 (July 2017): 258–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2016.09.012.

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Wang, Zilong, M. Sebastian Escotet-Espinoza, and Marianthi Ierapetritou. "Process analysis and optimization of continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing using flowsheet models." Computers & Chemical Engineering 107 (December 2017): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2017.02.030.

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Ishii, Yoshikazu, and Fred D. Otto. "Decoupling the constraints for process simulation in large-scale flowsheet optimization." Computers & Chemical Engineering 113 (May 2018): 240–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2018.03.018.

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Caballero, José A., Andrew Odjo, and Ignacio E. Grossmann. "Flowsheet optimization with complex cost and size functions using process simulators." AIChE Journal 53, no. 9 (2007): 2351–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.11262.

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Chaturvedi, Tanmay, Ana I. Torres, George Stephanopoulos, Mette Hedegaard Thomsen, and Jens Ejbye Schmidt. "Developing Process Designs for Biorefineries—Definitions, Categories, and Unit Operations." Energies 13, no. 6 (March 21, 2020): 1493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13061493.

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In this review, we focus on the literature that described the various unit operations in a process design flowsheet of biorefineries. We begin by establishing the accepted definitions of a biorefinery, go on to describe how to categorize biorefineries, and finally review the literature on biorefinery process designs by listing the unit operation in each process design. Distinguishing biorefineries based on feedstock, the types of processing units, and the products emanating from the biorefinery are discussed.

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