Дисертації з теми "Procédé d'extrusion"
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Choulak, Samir Eddine. "Modélisation et Commande d'un procédé d'Extrusion Réactive." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00116677.
Повний текст джерелаLa modélisation a été réalisée en adoptant une démarche mixte alliant l'aspect mécanique des milieux continus à celui du génie des procédés. Le schéma d'écoulement intrinsèquement à paramètres distribués, est approché par une cascade de réacteurs parfaitement agités avec reflux. Les caractéristiques de l'écoulement sont issues de la mécanique des fluides. Le modèle global est alors obtenu en écrivant sur chaque RCPA de la cascade les bilans d'énergie sur la matière, les fourreaux et les vis puis les bilans de masse globaux et par espèce.
Cette étape de modélisation a été suivie par une phase d'analyse dans le but de simplifier les phénomènes les moins influents sur l'évolution des variables d'état du procédé (température, pression, viscosité,...) puis par une étape de réduction de modèle.
Enfin, la synthèse de la loi de commande a été effectuée à partir du linéarisé autour d'un point de fonctionnement de ce modèle réduit. La technique de commande utilisée a été la synthèse Hinf, avec modèle de référence sur la trajectoire en viscosité. Cette synthèse a abouti à une loi de commande satisfaisante fonctionnant à la fois sur le modèle linéarisé mais aussi sur le modèle complet non linéaire au voisinage du domaine de fonctionnement.
Foudrinier, Emmanuel. "Etude numérique et expérimentale du procédé d'extrusion de pâtes argileuses." Paris, ENMP, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENMP1453.
Повний текст джерелаSollogoub, Cyrille. "Etude du procédé d'extrusion couchage de films polymère sur tôles d'acier." Paris, ENMP, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENMP1203.
Повний текст джерелаFlorès, Fabrice. "Etude de l'électrification d'un polymère en écoulement : application au procédé d'extrusion." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU3026.
Повний текст джерелаExtrusion is the most used process in the plastic industry. However, processability is limited by occurrence of flow defects. Another limitation arises from the generation of electrical charges trapped within the extrudate. These charges could induce a premature ageing of the material or electrical discharges. This work is focused on the extrusion process and its two limitations: extrusion defects and electrical charging. To modelise polymer flow electrification, we use the double layer theory: the electrification arises from the formation of an electrical double layer that is then convected by the flow. In this classical model, two main components are used for the calculation of the generated electric charge: the ionic charge density and the fluid velocity profiles in the pipe. We first show that the usual approximations used in the resolution of the charge transport equations are not valid in the polymer case due to their intrinsic electrical properties. For the fluid velocity profile, we demonstrate the importance of taking into account the non Newtonian behaviour of the polymer flow and the introduction of a slip boundary condition at the die wall. This new approach allows us to calculate the slip velocity at the wall thanks to electrical measurements. The crucial effect of slip boundary conditions on the extrusion defects was putted in evidence. We conclude about the importance of the slip velocity to understand defect mechanisms. This work proposes a simple new way to measure slip velocities of polymer melt at the die wall
Houichi, Mani Hikmet. "Etude de la mise en oeuvre de l'acide poly (lactique) par le procédé d'extrusion film : Relation structure-procédé." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI023/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis presents an original contribution to the understanding of physico-chemical mechanisms that control poly (lactic acid) casting film process. Firstly, A novel way using a polarized optical microscopy and statistical image analysis techniques for direct investigation of the crystallization kinetics and spherulitic morphology of poly (lactic acid) induced by casting process has been proposed as well as the effect of drawing in thermal properties of PLA. Secondly, poly (ethylene glycol) was used to improve process ability, flexibility and ductility of PLA casting films. Overall, we found that the crystallization rate of plasticized PLA has controlled its viscoelastic properties and final mechanical performance
Coste, Christian. "Contribution à la simulation numérique du procédé d'extrusion-soufflage des réservoirs à carburants." Compiègne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997COMP1000.
Повний текст джерелаSilagy, David. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation du procédé d'extrusion de film à plat de polymère." Paris, ENMP, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENMP0724.
Повний текст джерелаArruffat-Massion, Roxane. "Modélisation des textures et de l'écrouissage dans le procédé d'extrusion angulaire à section constante." Metz, 2004. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2004/Arrufat_Massion.Roxane.SMZ0430.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаEqual channel angular extrusion (ECAE) causes a very detailed attention these last years. This process has developed by Segal in 1974 to achieve severe plastic deformation without changing the sample dimensions. By this technique the material can be hardened near to its theoretical limit, at the same time, a very fine microstructure develops (consisting of near nano-crystals). A new analytical model is presented by using a flow function to describe the material deformation in ECAE. Validated by finite element calculations, this new approach allows the simulation of crystallographic textures with polycrystalline plasticity approaches (two models were employed: self-coherent and Taylor). Detailed comparisons were made with experimental textures for copper and aluminium for various ways of deformation (route A, B and C, characteristic of the ECAE). It was shown that the new model describes the evolution of the textures better than earlier approaches like the model of discontinuous shearing. The flow line approach is incorporated into a hardening model based on the dislocation cell structure of the metal. In this way strain hardening is modelled in a fully analytic way up to large strains. The evolution of the crystallographic texture was taken into account with the help of Taylor factors obtained from self consistent viscoplastic polycrystalline simulations. The model calculations led to good agreements with the experimental curves for the material considered (OFHC copper)
Yu, Zhong-Zhen. "Procédé d'extrusion réactive appliqué à l'élaboration de mélanges de polymères et de nano-composites." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL018N.
Повний текст джерелаCarin, Aurélien. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation thermomécanique de l'étape de calibration dans le procédé d'extrusion de tubes en polyamide 12." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001816.
Повний текст джерелаHamdi, Ouassim. "Développement par le procédé d'extrusion-gonflage de films polymères cellulaires à base de polyéthylène pour des applications piézoélectriques." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35278.
Повний текст джерелаThis doctoral thesis presents a contribution on the fabrication of cellular polymer films. These materials have recently experienced a great interest at academic and industrial levels thanks to their interesting properties combining the advantages of both polymers and foams, in particular their potential for piezoelectric applications. In fact, after charging by an appropriate method (corona discharge), cellular polymers can provide high electrical/mechanical energy conversion to be used as sensors or actuators. Firstly, a method to produce polyethylene (PE) cellular films using extrusion film-blowing was developed. This process allowed to impose biaxial stretching on the samples while foaming, which is believed to enhance the piezoelectric activity of the samples. Several compromises were made to improve the foaming quality. This optimization was mainly based on a literature review and direct observations during preliminary trials. Morphological properties were presented and discussed in terms of processing parameters, namely the temperature profile, screw rotational speed, feeding rate, take-up ratio (TUR), blow-up ratio (BUR), as well as the matrix composition. These parameters were optimized to produce a homogeneous cellular structure with defined morphologies and a well-developed eye-like cellular structure, which is important to decrease the elastic stiffness in the thickness direction and to provide more surface for charge capturing via cell deformation, thus improving the piezoelectric coefficient d₃₃. Then, pressure/temperature treatments were applied to further control the cellular morphology of the films and optimize the mechanical properties and internal specific surface area of the cellular structure.The next step was the electric charging by corona discharge producing cellular films with piezoelectric activity. Further improvement was obtained by optimizing the gas used (nitrogen) and its pressure (15 psi) combined with processing conditions such as the charging voltage and the needle-sample distance. Finally, thermal (annealing) and chemical (phosphoric acid) treatments have been proposed to further control the microstructure of these films and to provide good time and thermal stability. Overall, the chemical treatment was found to be the most efficient. Following these steps, an optimized sample with a density of 450 kg/m³, a thickness of 162 μm, a longitudinal cell aspect ratio (AR-L) of 7.0 and a transversal cell aspect ratio (AR-T) of 4.1 was developed. The piezoelectric properties reported are very high (even compared to PP which is the most used polyolefin in this field) with an initial d₃₃ of 1315 pC/N stabilizing after 50 days at 792 pC/N and a good thermal stability since the films remained charged with good piezoelectric coefficients (280 pC/N) up to 80°C. The values were further improved when a three-layered reverse charging method was appliedgiving an initial d₃₃ of 3270 pC/N, a stabilized d₃₃ of 1580pC/N after 50 days and a value of 641 pC/N at 80°C. These ferroelectret PE films with important piezoelectric properties can now be exploited for the large-scale production of electret-based sensors and transducers.
Mousseau, Pierre. "Analyse et modélisation des transferts thermiques en aval de la filière dans le procédé d'extrusion de profilés polymères." Nantes, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NANT2130.
Повний текст джерелаCarin, Aurélien. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation thermomécanique de l'étape de calibration dans le procédé d'extrusion de tubes en polyamide 12." Paris, ENMP, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENMP1313.
Повний текст джерелаIn polyamide 12 tube extrusion, calibration - or sizing - is the key step that affects subsequent mechanical properties. Influence of calibration is twofold. Since it combines a quenching and a mechanical drawing of the tube external surface, high molecular orientation is generated in this zone. We have shown quantitatively that increasing the lubrication level leads to a diminution of the draw ratio in calibrator, DrCAL (ratio between line velocity and velocity at the calibrator entrance). Excellent correlation has been found between tube superficial orientation (Dn) and DrCAL: a reduced elongation of the polymer in the calibrator leads to less superficial orientation. A thermomechanical model was used to predict temperatures in the tube thickness and to show how drawing forces, concentrated at the external skin during the crystallization, lead to orientation. Besides, elongation at break has been found to strongly depend on Dn and on the surface defects resulting from calibration
Humbert, Julien. "Conception, élaboration et production d'agrocomposite à partir de tourteau de tournesol : étude du procédé d'extrusion-formulation-granulation et d'injection-moulage." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7257/1/humbert.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMougin, Bruno. "Elaboration de matériaux nanocomposites polyamide 6,6-silice par génération in situ de la charge inorganique au cours du procédé d'extrusion." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10079.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Cai-Liang. "Procédés d'extrusion réactive et de mélange de polymères : synthèse contrôlée de copolymères greffés à base de polystyrène et de polyamide : et étude de l'efficacité de compatibilisation de ces copolymères." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL067N/document.
Повний текст джерелаPolymer blending offers an important route to new materials with combinations of properties not available in constituent polymers. Most polymer pairs are immiscible, leading to phase separation at equilibrium and yield a material with poor properties. To address this challenge, block or graft copolymers pre-made or generated in-situ by reactive blending are often used as compatibilizers. Most studies are focused on the compatibilizing efficiency of block copolymers and few studies address that of graft copolymers, partly because of difficulties of controlling their molecular structures.This thesis is devoted to the study of the emulsification efficiency of graft copolymers. It is composed of three parts: (1) development of a novel reactive extrusion process for synthesizing graft copolymers with polystyrene (PS) as backbone and polyamide 6 (PA6) as grafts; (2) emulsification efficiency of PS-g-PA6 graft copolymers for PS/PA6 blends; and (3) concept of emulsifier- tracer
Jay, Frédéric. "Etude de la cristallisation de polypropylènes en écoulement : Application à la modélisation du procédé d'extrusion de film à plat - propriétés mécaniques résultantes." Paris, ENMP, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENMP0626.
Повний текст джерелаBasso-Bert, Thomas. "Etude de l'élaboration et des performances électrochimiques de séparateurs électrolytiques composites polymère-céramique pour des batteries au Lithium métal." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALI036.
Повний текст джерелаTo boost the energy density of lithium-based accumulators, two levers are commonly studied: the energy density and the potential of electrode materials. The use of Li metal as a negative electrode is undoubtedly an appropriate solution to address these challenges since it has the highest gravimetric capacity (3860mAh/g) and very low reducing potential (-3.04 V vs. Standard Hydrogen Electrode). However, a couple of harmful phenomena prevent from using this ideal negative electrode, such as the dendritic growth during the electrodeposition of Lithium metal when a conventional organic liquid electrolyte is used. As a result, the research has been focusing on the development of numerous solid-state electrolytes (SSE) materials, having high Li+ ionic conductivity, high Li+ transport number, large electrochemical stability window, low cost, recyclable. Despite of breakthroughs for both ceramics or polymers fields (and even composites of both), no room temperature SSE has been developed at industrial scale so far [1].In that context, a new concept [2] of composite polymer/ceramic membrane is studied to be implemented within a Lithium Metal battery. It consists of an electrolytic separator where the Li1.3Al0,3Ti1,7(PO4)3 (LATP) ceramic forms one mono layer of monocrystalline and monodispersed grains bonded with a Poly(ethylene)-based matrix. The LATP grains are the Li+ conducting media allowing the Li+ percolation from one side to another while the Poly(ethylene)-based matrix which is ionically and electronically insulating, and, above all, impermeable to most of conventional Li-ion batteries solvents and Li salts, ensuring both the membrane tightening and very good flexibility (figure 1.a.). Herein, this composite membrane is elaborated via a low cost, solvent free process thanks to extrusion and calendering which can be industrially upscaled unlike the very complex and multistep processes suggested in the literature so far [2,3]. The microstructure of the composite separators was characterized by SEM and X-ray Tomography imaging to better understand the influences of the ceramic, the polymer type, and the elaboration process parameters. The Li+ ionic conductivity of the composite membranes as a function of the ceramic content have been studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and a high conductivity of 0.49 mS/cm has been measured at 25°C (50vol% LATP, figure 1.b.). Acting as a chemical barrier, this composite membrane allows the optimization of electrolyte chemistries at both the anode side and the cathode sides. Hence, the ionic charge transfer mechanisms in symmetric electrolyte/membrane/electrolyte systems have been also studied by EIS to determine the driving parameters such as the solvent type, the Li salt type and concentration [4].References:[1] Janek, J. & Zeier, W. G. A solid future for battery development. Nat. Energy 1, 1–4 (2016)[2] Aetukuri, N. B. et al. Flexible Ion-Conducting Composite Membranes for Lithium Batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 5, 1–6 (2015)[3] Samuthira Pandian, A. et al. Flexible, Synergistic Ceramic-Polymer Hybrid Solid-State Electrolyte for Secondary Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 3, 12709–12715 (2020)[4] Isaac, J. A., Mangani, L. R., Devaux, D. & Bouchet, R. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of PEO-LATP Model Multilayers: Ionic Charge Transport and Transfer. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 14, 13158–13168 (2022)
Baron, Régis. "Modelisation et commande d'un procede d'extrusion de pulpe de poisson." Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA112370.
Повний текст джерелаAndasmas, Mohamed. "Elaboration de matériaux intermétalliques par les procédés combinés de combustion autopropagée et d'extrusion hydrostatique." Paris 13, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA132024.
Повний текст джерелаThis manuscript deals with the study of synthesis processes, shaping and densification of materials in extreme conditions of temperature and stress. The central process of this study is the SHS process, acronym for Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis, which is a fast synthesis process at high temperatures (> 1800°C) in the solid state which can sometimes generate non equilibrium materials. This process is associated to another one for densification, Differential Hydrostatic Extrusion: before reaction, this process induces a mechanical activation by severe plastic deformation of the reagents, associated with densification, texturation, residual stresses. . . This study made possible the identification and the separation of the various phenomena entering in the MASHS process (Mechanically Activated SHS, process which consists in carrying out a short time ball milling of the reagents and before making them react). The milling conditions were optimized in order to minimize the energy of the reactions ignition. NiAl intermetallic, whose physical properties make it a potential candidate to replace some superalloys for high temperature structural applications, was thus synthesized in nanostructured form with a low energy contribution. A study on the densification was then undertaken and very pure, dense and textured NiAl intermetallic was obtained
Aouadja, Fatima-Zohra. "Comportement de melanges eau-argile concentres vis a vis du procede d'extrusion." Rennes, INSA, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ISAR0006.
Повний текст джерелаMESTANZA, RAPHAEL. "Etude des melanges de polysulfure de phenylene stabilises par un procede d'extrusion reactive." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR13194.
Повний текст джерелаDésiré, Amélie. "Extrusion-sphéronisation de produits pharmaceutiques : comparaison et transposition à échelle industrielle de procédés d'extrusion par plans d'expériences." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00685210.
Повний текст джерелаFournier, Jean-Étienne. "Analyse des écoulements de thermoplastiques par vélocimétrie par imagerie de particules : application aux procédés d'extrusion et d'injection." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10167/document.
Повний текст джерелаQuality or aesthetic defects of the plastic parts manufactured by injection moulding process are partly controlled by the flow conditions during filling stage. Sorne hypotheses, notably that of a slipping at the mould wall, are proposed in literature to explain their origin. But, because a lack of appropriate tools, compatible with the very severe environment of plastic processing, they have not been confirmed yet by experimental works. The present study tries to fill up this lacuna by analysing the validity of an original method of direct visualization of flows in extrusion and injection moulding processes by particle image velocimetry. Results obtained for extrusion experiments are conclusive and confirm the validity of this method. ln the particular case of a polycarbonate, they obviously show a wall slip phenomenon; confirmed by classic rheological measurements. This wall slip can lead the perturbations of the flow, especially near the geometrical discontinuities. The transposition in the injection moulding case, more delicate, clearly shows the practical difficulties related to the process environment. Neverthelesse, a qualitative analysis allows to relate the flow conditions at the mould wall with the appearance of a defect on the surface of the part. The quantitative analysis remains however to be confirmed in future studies
Wielhorski, Yanneck. "Transferts de chaleur dans un écoulement de polymère fondu en régime non stationnaire - Application aux procédés d'extrusion et d'injection." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00606855.
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