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Raj, R., N. A. S. Hamm, C. van der Tol, and A. Stein. "Uncertainty analysis of gross primary production partitioned from net ecosystem exchange measurements." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 16 (August 26, 2015): 13967–4002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-13967-2015.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Gross primary production (GPP), separated from flux tower measurements of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2, is used increasingly to validate process-based simulators and remote sensing-derived estimates of simulated GPP at various time steps. Proper validation should include the uncertainty associated with this separation at different time steps. This can be achieved by using a Bayesian framework. In this study, we estimated the uncertainty in GPP at half hourly time steps. We used a non-rectangular hyperbola (NRH) model to separate GPP from flux tower measurements of NEE at the Speulderbos forest site, The Netherlands. The NRH model included the variables that influence GPP, in particular radiation, and temperature. In addition, the NRH model provided a robust empirical relationship between radiation and GPP by including the degree of curvature of the light response curve. Parameters of the NRH model were fitted to the measured NEE data for every 10-day period during the growing season (April to October) in 2009. Adopting a Bayesian approach, we defined the prior distribution of each NRH parameter. Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation was used to update the prior distribution of each NRH parameter. This allowed us to estimate the uncertainty in the separated GPP at half-hourly time steps. This yielded the posterior distribution of GPP at each half hour and allowed the quantification of uncertainty. The time series of posterior distributions thus obtained allowed us to estimate the uncertainty at daily time steps. We compared the informative with non-informative prior distributions of the NRH parameters. The results showed that both choices of prior produced similar posterior distributions GPP. This will provide relevant and important information for the validation of process-based simulators in the future. Furthermore, the obtained posterior distributions of NEE and the NRH parameters are of interest for a range of applications.
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Raj, Rahul, Nicholas Alexander Samuel Hamm, Christiaan van der Tol, and Alfred Stein. "Uncertainty analysis of gross primary production partitioned from net ecosystem exchange measurements." Biogeosciences 13, no. 5 (March 7, 2016): 1409–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1409-2016.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Gross primary production (GPP) can be separated from flux tower measurements of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2. This is used increasingly to validate process-based simulators and remote-sensing-derived estimates of simulated GPP at various time steps. Proper validation includes the uncertainty associated with this separation. In this study, uncertainty assessment was done in a Bayesian framework. It was applied to data from the Speulderbos forest site, The Netherlands. We estimated the uncertainty in GPP at half-hourly time steps, using a non-rectangular hyperbola (NRH) model for its separation from the flux tower measurements. The NRH model provides a robust empirical relationship between radiation and GPP. It includes the degree of curvature of the light response curve, radiation and temperature. Parameters of the NRH model were fitted to the measured NEE data for every 10-day period during the growing season (April to October) in 2009. We defined the prior distribution of each NRH parameter and used Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation to estimate the uncertainty in the separated GPP from the posterior distribution at half-hourly time steps. This time series also allowed us to estimate the uncertainty at daily time steps. We compared the informative with the non-informative prior distributions of the NRH parameters and found that both choices produced similar posterior distributions of GPP. This will provide relevant and important information for the validation of process-based simulators in the future. Furthermore, the obtained posterior distributions of NEE and the NRH parameters are of interest for a range of applications.
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Pyrozhenko, Ye V., V. V. Sebko, V. G. Zdorenko, N. M. Zashchepkina, and O. M. Markina. "Informative testing method of beer sewage samples for mini-breweries." Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 1, no. 106 (November 1, 2020): 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5930.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose: of the article is to investigate the theoretical rules of thermal transformer eddy current converter (TTC) during the preparation of ecological monitoring of brewery sewage samples based on the implementation of contactless two-parameter eddy current method of testing of the specific electrical conductivity λt and the temperature t of the beer sewage sample. It should be noted that this makes it possible to simultaneously prevent the causes of beer sewage samples deviation from the specified environmental safety indicators and to take adjustments. Design/methodology/approach: The theory of TTC operation concerning the electrical and temperature characteristics testing of beer sewage samples has been further developed by implement new universal transformation functions Δφt = f (Gt) and Δφ = f (xt), which relate the normalized difference components of the converter signals to physical and chemical characteristics of the sample. Due to this, it is possible to simultaneously prevent the causes of beer sewage samples deviation from the specified ecological safety indicators and to take appropriate adjustments. Findings: The method of two-parameter measuring test of the specific electrical conductivity λt and the temperature t of the beer sewage sample was developed on the basis of new universal transformation functions. Analysing the numerical data of electrical conductivity λ, TDS and pH at the initial temperature t1 = 15°C, the alkaline nature of beer sewage was determined. Research limitations/implications: The frequency range of the magnetic field f = 80-100 MHz, it is difficult to maintain in laboratory conditions, so the proposed method requires the use of modern high-frequency equipment, the radius of the probe depends on the radius of the primary converter frame. And therefore is quite a complicate to find appropriate tank. Practical implications: is to determine the nature of beer sewage based on the results of electrical and temperature parameters measurements during implementing a two-parameter eddy current method, which allows to prevent the reasons for beer sewage samples deviations from the specified environmental safety measures and to take appropriate adjustments. An important practical result is also the determination of the signal components and the normalized characteristics of the primary eddy current converter with a sample of beer sewage. They allow to calculate, design and create multi-parameter automated devices for measuring test of the physicochemical parameters of beer sewage samples. In turn, as a result of the physicochemical composition analysis of the sample, improving the accuracy of measurements of physicochemical parameters - there is an opportunity to improve and create advanced methods of wastewater purification on a weak electrolytic basis. Originality/value: The article originality is the investigation of the theoretical rules of thermal TTC by implementing a new multi-parameter eddy current method of measuring the specific electrical conductivity λt and the temperature t of the beer sewage sample based on the implementation of universal transformation functions Δφt = f (Gt) and Δφ = f (xt) that relate the converter signals to the physicochemical characteristics of the beer sewage sample, which helps to prevent the causes of the beer sewage samples deviation from the specified environmental safety indicators and take appropriate adjustments.
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Zheleznyak, V. K., V. B. Tolubko, L. P. Kriuchkova, and A. P. Provozin. "Rationale for the parameters of the measuring transducer in RFID technology with inductive coupling." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Physical-Technical Series 64, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2019-64-1-98-109.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the work the technology of radio-frequency identification of objects with inductive coupling is considered, using passive electric oscillating circuits tuned to fixed frequencies from the working frequency range as identification features of the object. The choice of the primary measuring transducer and the informative parameter is based on the results of the analysis of the system of inductively coupled active and passive electric oscillation circuits, known from the theory of radio engineering circuits. The parameters of the measuring transducer ensuring the fulfillment of the requirements for identification and localization of objects specified by technological conditions are substantiated. Factors that are potentially dangerous with respect to reducing the information reliability of the measuring transducer are considered, as well as the possibility of reducing their influence to a minimum. The problems of experimental research are formulated. It is shown that the analysis can be performed by software discrete adjustment of the primary measuring transducer and the generator feeding it. In this case, the task of increasing the speed is targeted at decreasing the duration of the step of tuning the primary measuring transducer. The required reliability of object identification is achieved by: ensuring high stability of the frequencies of the generator supplying the primary measuring transducer; accuracy and stability of tuning of the primary measuring transducer to the frequencies of the supplying generator; protection of the primary measuring transducer from the influence of interference generated by external sources and other measuring converters of the object identification system (electromagnetic compatibility of the object identification system); sufficient magnitude of the response of the primary measuring transducer to the introduction of passive electrical oscillation circuits; sufficient frequency tuning interval for passive electric oscillation circuits; accuracy and stability of tuning of passive electric oscillation circuits; stability of the detection threshold relative to the initial level of the informative parameter. Electromagnetic compatibility of measuring transducers, whose sensing elements are in the zone of mutual influence, is provided by synchronizing the operation of measuring transducers with shunting of inactive sensors, screening, mutual orientation and spacing of sensing elements.
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Schulte, Phillip, Katrina Devick, and Juraj Sprung. "4489 Association between surgery with general anesthesia and cognitive decline in older adults: analysis using shared parameter models for informative dropout." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 4, s1 (June 2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2020.168.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Recent studies have assessed the association between surgery with general anesthesia and cognitive decline in longitudinal cohorts of older adults. Patients diagnosed with dementia more frequently drop out of these longitudinal studies or are unable to complete the test battery. We revisit this aim with focus on methods for informative dropout. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We use data from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging (MCSA), a longitudinal epidemiological study of the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Our primary outcome of interest was global cognitive z-score, assessed at study visits every 15 months. We implement linear mixed effects models to assess the association between post-enrollment exposure to surgery/anesthesia and subsequent cognitive decline trajectories. Demented patients more frequently drop out of MCSA, so, subjects with the worst cognitive outcomes are unobserved and missing data may be informative. Since this missingness may be missing not at random, we use shared parameter models to analyze continuous cognitive outcomes while jointly modeling time to dementia. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: A total 1948 subjects, non-demented at baseline, from the MCSA were included. Median age was 79, 51% of subjects were male, and 16% had MCI at enrollment. Among median follow-up of 4 study visits over median 5.4 years, 172 patients developed dementia and dropped out from further assessments of cognitive function. In adjusted linear mixed effects models, our data suggest post-enrollment exposure to surgery/anesthesia is associated with a decline in cognitive function over time (change in slope = −0.07 standard deviations of cognitive z-score per year, 95%CI = −0.08, −0.05, p<.001). After adjusting for informative dropout using shared parameter models, surgery/anesthesia is associated with greater cognitive decline (change in slope = −0.14 per year, 95%CI = −0.16, −0.12, p<.001). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: We revisited a prior analysis by our group with consideration of informative dropout. Subjects who dropout due to dementia may have different trajectories of cognitive decline compared to non-demented subjects. Shared parameter models estimate the association between surgery/anesthesia and cognitive decline accounting for informative dropout.
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Kutsepau, A. Yu, A. P. Kren, and Y. V. Hnutsenka. "Evaluation of the Magnet Breakaway Force Measurement Accuracy of the NT-800 Sensors for Early Detection of Defects of Their Manufacturing." Devices and Methods of Measurements 12, no. 3 (October 15, 2021): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2220-9506-2021-12-3-230-238.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Сontrol of mechanical stresses formed with the deposition of nickel coatings plays an important role in the diagnosis of coatings’ technical condition. Large internal stresses can lead to cracking or flaking of coatings which is completely unacceptable for critical parts and assembly units used, for example, in space technology for which reliability is of paramount importance. An important aspect of internal stresses monitoring is the measurement error of the instruments used. The purpose of this work was to determine the characteristics of the device sensors, which make the assessment of their manufacturing possible at the preliminary stage of the measuring equipment assembling in order to maintain the required accuracy of subsequent measurements.In most cases the measurement error assessment is possible only after the equipment manufacture and calibration. In this paper it is proposed to evaluate the accuracy characteristics of device sensors based on the precision (repeatability and reproducibility) of the primary informative parameter recording. In the case of the NT-800 device that was developed at the Institute of Applied Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus the effect of precision characteristics deterioration on the eventual measurement error is demonstrated. Determining the precision parameters before establishing correlation dependences between the primary informative parameter and the measured characteristic is proposed in order to reject poorly manufactured sensors and reduce labor costs.In particular, measurements of the magnitude proportional to the magnetic breakaway force were carried out using the NT-800 device with nickel specimens simulating coatings with a thickness of 200 to 700 μm and a rolling value from 0 to 40 %. It was established that in the case of well-made sensors the variation coefficient calculated from the dispersion of repeatability is in the range 0.2–0.6 %, and the variation coefficient calculated from the dispersion of reproducibility does not exceed 0.9 %. In the case of a sensor with the sensitive element parameters worsened, the variation coefficient of repeatability and reproducibility were up by one and a half times. Deterioration of the precision characteristics resulted in significant changes in the readings of the calibrated instrument. Thus the absolute measurement error for a sensor with a poorly made sensitive element turned out to be approximately 3 times higher in the range of 200– 300 MPa than that for a sensor with good precision parameters.
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Wakefield, Corey B., Joseph M. O’Malley, Ashley J. Williams, Brett M. Taylor, Ryan S. Nichols, Tuikolongahau Halafihi, Robert L. Humphreys, Jeremie Kaltavara, Simon J. Nicol, and Stephen J. Newman. "Ageing bias and precision for deep-water snappers: evaluating nascent otolith preparation methods using novel multivariate comparisons among readers and growth parameter estimates." ICES Journal of Marine Science 74, no. 1 (September 29, 2016): 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw162.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tropical deep-water snappers (Etelinae) support valuable fisheries across the Indo-Pacific, with stock assessments reliant on age-based information in the absence of reliable catch and effort statistics. These long-lived species have been considered notoriously difficult to age. However, nascent developments in ageing protocols, particularly thinner transverse sections of otoliths (∼180–200 µm), are providing improvements in growth zone clarity, interpretation and repeatability of annuli counts. At a recent international workshop, thin sectioned otoliths from three deep-water snappers were read under reflected light by eight fisheries scientists from across the Indo-Pacific, with various levels of fish-ageing experience. Precision and bias were assessed using traditional ageing precision metrics (index of average percent error, IAPE; and coefficient of variation, CV), and a novel approach using multivariate analyses (metric multidimensional scaling, mMDS) based on Euclidean dissimilarity among readers’ counts and subsequent von Bertalanffy (vB) growth parameter estimates. Annuli counts between the primary reader and all other readers were within two for 80% of estimates, with uniform variation across a wide age range for Etelis carbunculus (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.924, n = 20, 3–25 annuli) and Etelis sp. (ICC = 0.933, n = 15, 2–27 annuli). In contrast, annuli counts for Pristipomoides filamentosus (n = 14, 4–49) were less precise (i.e. ICC = 0.835, 66% of counts within two of primary reader) with a bias toward greater variation in younger, pre-maturational life stages (≤5 annuli). Traditionally accepted ageing precision (IAPE ≤ 5.5%, CV ≤ 7.6%) was achieved for each species, but was commensurate with reader experience. The multivariate mMDS ordination was more informative in identifying both distance (i.e. dissimilarity) and direction (i.e. form) of variations in annuli counts and vB growth parameter estimates among readers. The acceptable level of ageing precision and bias achieved among most readers indicated that deep-water snappers can be aged precisely when appropriate otolith preparation methods are used. This study contributes towards ageing protocols that can be used to (i) interrogate bias and precision of age data for stock assessments, and (ii) standardise comparisons of age-based life history characteristics across a species range.
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Guo, Song, Chunhua Liu, Peng Zhou, and Yanling Li. "A Multifeatures Fusion and Discrete Firefly Optimization Method for Prediction of Protein Tyrosine Sulfation Residues." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8151509.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tyrosine sulfation is one of the ubiquitous protein posttranslational modifications, where some sulfate groups are added to the tyrosine residues. It plays significant roles in various physiological processes in eukaryotic cells. To explore the molecular mechanism of tyrosine sulfation, one of the prerequisites is to correctly identify possible protein tyrosine sulfation residues. In this paper, a novel method was presented to predict protein tyrosine sulfation residues from primary sequences. By means of informative feature construction and elaborate feature selection and parameter optimization scheme, the proposed predictor achieved promising results and outperformed many other state-of-the-art predictors. Using the optimal features subset, the proposed method achieved mean MCC of 94.41% on the benchmark dataset, and a MCC of 90.09% on the independent dataset. The experimental performance indicated that our new proposed method could be effective in identifying the important protein posttranslational modifications and the feature selection scheme would be powerful in protein functional residues prediction research fields.
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Alyushin, M. V., and L. V. Kolobashkina. "MONITORING OF THE CURRENT STATUS OF STUDENTS AS A MEANS OF INCREASING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL PROCESS." Education and science journal 21, no. 2 (March 5, 2019): 176–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2019-2-176-197.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. The increasing amount of knowledge, skills and competencies to be mastered inevitably lead to the need for more intensive classroom and independent studies. Providing favourable psychological background and ensuring active working condition of a student are the most important factors for increasing the effectiveness of the educational process (EEP). This fact has special relevance in the organisation of the educational process for students with physical disabilities, foreign students, as well as students, who receive education under individual educational trajectories.The aimof the present research was to analyse the possibilities and prospects for increasing the EEP through continuous monitoring and control of the current functional and psycho-emotional state (FPES) of students directly in the process of conducting training sessions.Methodology and research methods. The research was based on: a systematic approach to the accumulation, systematization and analysis of individual biometric information that allows a reliable assessment and forecast of changes in the current FPES of students; implementation of the principle of biofeedback (BF) and passive remote non-contact measurements of current human biological parameters that exclude any impact on it. Information technologies were used for digital signal processing in the optical and acoustic spectra of natural human radiation.Results and scientific novelty. The work substantiates an integrated approach to planning, organising and conducting training sessions, as well as control measures, which allow increasing the EEP by taking into account the individual characteristics and capabilities of students using modern digital information technologies to monitor their current FPES. It is shown that the system parameters characterising heart rate variability (HRV) can be used to assess the level of psycho-physiological adaptation of students to the learning process in general, as well as their responses to the complexity of training and control activities. Systemic parameters include the vegetative equilibrium index (VBI), the vegetative index of rhythm (VPR), the indicator of the adequacy of regulatory processes (PAID) and the stress index of regulatory systems (IN). The parameter IN is highlighted as the most informative. The possibility of using the results of the analysis of the change dynamics in the parameter IN for the evaluation of the current FPES of trainees is demonstrated. The possibility and expediency of using embedded monitoring systems has been experimentally confirmed. The bio-mouse and biometric chair are identified as universal means of monitoring the current FPES of students both in the educational institution and at home (in a hostel environment).Practical significance. The developed methodical and technical means are of interest to a wide range of educational workers, including such levels as primary, basic and secondary general education, secondary professional and higher education, as well as special professional training and retraining.
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Shartooh Sharqi, Saadi, and Aayush Bhattarai. "Evaluation of Several Machine Learning Models for Field Canal Improvement Project Cost Prediction." Complexity 2021 (August 17, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8324272.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Project cost prediction is one of the key elements in the civil engineering activities development. Project cost is a highly sensitive component to diverse parameters and hence it is associated with complex trends that make it difficult to be predicted and fully understood. Due to the massive advancement of soft computing (SC) and Internet of things (IoT), the main research objective of the current study was initiative. Several machine learning (ML) models including extreme learning machine (ELM), multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS), and partial least square regression (PLS) were adopted to predict field canal cost. Several essential predictors were used to develop the prediction network “the learning process” including the total length of the PVC pipeline, served area, geographical zone, construction year, and cost and duration of field canal improvement projects (FCIP) construction. Data were collected from the open source published literature. The modeling results evidenced the potential of the applied SC models in predicting the FCIP cost. In numerical magnitude evaluation, MARS model indicated the least value for the root mean square error (RMSE = 27422.7), mean absolute error (MAE = 19761.8), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE = 0.05454) with Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE = 0.94), agreement index (MD = 0.89), and coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.94), with best precision of prediction using all predictors, except geographical zone parameter in which less influence on the cost construction is presented. In general, the research outcome gave an informative primary cost initiative for cost civil engineering project.
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Osipova, V. V., K. V. Skorobogatykh, A. R. Artemenko, and A. V. Sergeev. "Severe drug-induced headache with its possible recurrent statuses in a patient with chronic tension headache." Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics 12, no. 4 (August 27, 2020): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2020-4-73-78.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper deals with the actual problem of managing patients with drug-induced headache (DIH) in patients with primary headaches. It describes a clinical case of extremely severe DIH in a patient with chronic tension headache (TH). The paper analyzes the typical and atypical manifestations of DIH and discusses the role of prolonged stress in the development of TH. Special attention is paid to the problems with therapy and compliance during a long-term follow-up of the patient. Based on the clinical features of pain syndrome in the described patient, the authors suggest for the first time that the use of extremely high number of daily doses of combined narcotic analgesics for many years can result in recurrent DIH statuses. The paper discusses whether it is expedient to introduce the concept “DIH severity” and whether an additional clinical parameter “the number of doses of painkillers per month” can be of informative value, which has not been proposed yet in the literature. All the issues given in the paper are conjectural and are raised by the authors for further investigation of the DIH problem.
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Fer, Istem, Ryan Kelly, Paul R. Moorcroft, Andrew D. Richardson, Elizabeth M. Cowdery, and Michael C. Dietze. "Linking big models to big data: efficient ecosystem model calibration through Bayesian model emulation." Biogeosciences 15, no. 19 (October 4, 2018): 5801–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5801-2018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Data-model integration plays a critical role in assessing and improving our capacity to predict ecosystem dynamics. Similarly, the ability to attach quantitative statements of uncertainty around model forecasts is crucial for model assessment and interpretation and for setting field research priorities. Bayesian methods provide a rigorous data assimilation framework for these applications, especially for problems with multiple data constraints. However, the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques underlying most Bayesian calibration can be prohibitive for computationally demanding models and large datasets. We employ an alternative method, Bayesian model emulation of sufficient statistics, that can approximate the full joint posterior density, is more amenable to parallelization, and provides an estimate of parameter sensitivity. Analysis involved informative priors constructed from a meta-analysis of the primary literature and specification of both model and data uncertainties, and it introduced novel approaches to autocorrelation corrections on multiple data streams and emulating the sufficient statistics surface. We report the integration of this method within an ecological workflow management software, Predictive Ecosystem Analyzer (PEcAn), and its application and validation with two process-based terrestrial ecosystem models: SIPNET and ED2. In a test against a synthetic dataset, the emulator was able to retrieve the true parameter values. A comparison of the emulator approach to standard brute-force MCMC involving multiple data constraints showed that the emulator method was able to constrain the faster and simpler SIPNET model's parameters with comparable performance to the brute-force approach but reduced computation time by more than 2 orders of magnitude. The emulator was then applied to calibration of the ED2 model, whose complexity precludes standard (brute-force) Bayesian data assimilation techniques. Both models are constrained after assimilation of the observational data with the emulator method, reducing the uncertainty around their predictions. Performance metrics showed increased agreement between model predictions and data. Our study furthers efforts toward reducing model uncertainties, showing that the emulator method makes it possible to efficiently calibrate complex models.
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Brard, Caroline, Gwénaël Le Teuff, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Lisa V. Hampson. "Bayesian survival analysis in clinical trials: What methods are used in practice?" Clinical Trials 14, no. 1 (October 11, 2016): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1740774516673362.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background Bayesian statistics are an appealing alternative to the traditional frequentist approach to designing, analysing, and reporting of clinical trials, especially in rare diseases. Time-to-event endpoints are widely used in many medical fields. There are additional complexities to designing Bayesian survival trials which arise from the need to specify a model for the survival distribution. The objective of this article was to critically review the use and reporting of Bayesian methods in survival trials. Methods A systematic review of clinical trials using Bayesian survival analyses was performed through PubMed and Web of Science databases. This was complemented by a full text search of the online repositories of pre-selected journals. Cost-effectiveness, dose-finding studies, meta-analyses, and methodological papers using clinical trials were excluded. Results In total, 28 articles met the inclusion criteria, 25 were original reports of clinical trials and 3 were re-analyses of a clinical trial. Most trials were in oncology (n = 25), were randomised controlled (n = 21) phase III trials (n = 13), and half considered a rare disease (n = 13). Bayesian approaches were used for monitoring in 14 trials and for the final analysis only in 14 trials. In the latter case, Bayesian survival analyses were used for the primary analysis in four cases, for the secondary analysis in seven cases, and for the trial re-analysis in three cases. Overall, 12 articles reported fitting Bayesian regression models (semi-parametric, n = 3; parametric, n = 9). Prior distributions were often incompletely reported: 20 articles did not define the prior distribution used for the parameter of interest. Over half of the trials used only non-informative priors for monitoring and the final analysis (n = 12) when it was specified. Indeed, no articles fitting Bayesian regression models placed informative priors on the parameter of interest. The prior for the treatment effect was based on historical data in only four trials. Decision rules were pre-defined in eight cases when trials used Bayesian monitoring, and in only one case when trials adopted a Bayesian approach to the final analysis. Conclusion Few trials implemented a Bayesian survival analysis and few incorporated external data into priors. There is scope to improve the quality of reporting of Bayesian methods in survival trials. Extension of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement for reporting Bayesian clinical trials is recommended.
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Muehlemann, Natalia, Rajat Mukherjee, Ali T. Taher, Thordis Gudmundsdottir, Isabelle Morin, and Frank Richard. "Innovative Adaptive Study Design in Transfusion-Dependent Beta-Thalassemia: Bayesian Design with Concurrent Randomization and Borrowing from Historical Data." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 4160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-146512.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background Clinical development of new therapies in transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia has several challenges. Patient enrollment in rare diseases requires multi-center multi-country studies, and the lack of reliable surrogate endpoint for dose selection requires powering for clinical endpoints usually used in Phase 3 trials. An acceptable endpoint from a regulatory perspective which is based on responders analysis, such as proportion of patients experiencing ≥50% reduction in Red Blood Cell (RBC) transfusion burden and a reduction of ≥2 units, requires 12 weeks screening period to establish baseline transfusion burden for reliable comparison. Importantly, higher randomization ratio of treatment:placebo can improve patients' motivation to enroll into a trial, but it is less statistically efficient and requires higher sample size. We designed a Phase-2b, double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled, multi-center study with Vamifeport (NCT04938635) to assess the efficacy and safety of multiple doses of a new therapy in adults with transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia. The proposed design follows the Bayesian framework with borrowing from published historical control data. The historical control data is used to construct an informative prior for the control arm to reduce the burden of patients randomized to a control arm and improve the trial's efficiency in performing dose selection. Study Design and Methods Adults (18 to 65 y.o.) with documented diagnosis of β-thalassemia or hemoglobin E / β-thalassemia will be randomized to three doses of the investigational drug or placebo plus best supportive care. RBC transfusion dependence is defined as at least 6 RBC Units in the 24 weeks prior to randomization and no transfusion-free period for ≥35 days during that period. The primary endpoint is the proportion of patients experiencing ≥33% reduction of RBC units from baseline and a reduction of ≥2 units assessed from week 13 to week 24. The key secondary endpoints include proportion of patients experiencing ≥33% reduction from week 37 to week 48; proportion of patients experiencing ≥50% reduction over any consecutive 12-week interval from week 1 to week 48 and the mean change from baseline in RBC transfusions (units) from week 13 to week 24. The primary and key-secondary analysis will be conducted in a hierarchical fashion to account for multiplicity. We proposed a Bayesian design with the use of noninformative, or weakly informative, priors for the active dose arms while using a robustified informative prior for the control arm. Historical control data will be "borrowed" in an informative prior for the control arm rate from the Phase 3 trial - BELIEVE. The robustification is required in order to control the level of borrowing depending on the level of prior-data conflict. Prior-data conflict can arise from multiple sources like population heterogeneity between the historical and current study. Therefore, the selection of historical data (BELIEVE trial) addresses similarity in inclusion / exclusion criteria, standard of care etc. The robustification of the informative prior does not take into account prior-data conflict in terms of population or study characteristics but directly focuses on the informative prior of the parameter of interest and the corresponding likelihood of the current data. For example, in the BELIEVE study, out of 112 patients randomized to the control arm, 5 patients (4.5%) had a ≥33% reduction in transfusion burden over 24 weeks. A prior-data conflict may arise if the Phase-2b trial of interest here, suggests that the proportion is substantially different that 4.5% and this can inflate the frequentist Type-I or Type-II error rates examined via simulations. We evaluated Type-I error rates of the proposed design with 5000 Monte-Carlo runs for each scenario of the response rates. Using informative prior with no prior-data conflict the type-I error with no robustification is ≈ 2.4%. As the prior-data conflict increases, without robustification, the type-I error cannot be controlled. However, with a robustification weight of 0.5 the type-I errors can be controlled in line with regulatory requirements. Discussion A proposed Bayesian design with robustified informative prior for the control arm helps reduce patients' burden of randomization to control arm and reduce overall sample size for a rare disease trial when recruitment and trial duration are challenging. Disclosures Muehlemann: Vifor Pharma AG: Consultancy. Mukherjee: Vifor Pharma AG: Consultancy. Taher: Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding; Vifor Pharma: Consultancy, Research Funding; Agios Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Ionis Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding. Gudmundsdottir: Vifor Pharma AG: Current Employment. Morin: Vifor Pharma AG: Current Employment. Richard: Vifor Pharma AG: Current Employment.
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Mulyana, Mulyana. "KOMPETENSI GURU PENDIDIKAN JASMANI SEKOLAH DASAR." PARAMETER: Jurnal Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Jakarta 29, no. 1 (May 16, 2017): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/parameter.291.05.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to determine the competency of Physical Education Teacher in Elementary Schools (SD). The study population are all Physical Education Teachers. Samples taken from 30 teachers, while the technique is using simple random sampling. The method used is descriptive survey. Data obtained using a likert scale instrument to capture data; pedagogic competence, personal competence, sosial competence, and professional competence. The results of this study concluded that teachers of Physical Education in Primary Schools have the ability to teach well the field of Physical Education, in charge of teaching materials. But teachers are still weak in the mastery of the concept of sports science. Not all teachers can use information and communication technology in teaching Physical Education. The ability of teachers to develop themselves in a professional activity that is also not adequate.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kompetensi guru Pendidikan Jasmani Sekolah Dasar (SD). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey deskriptif. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan instrumen skala likert untuk menjaring data; kompetensi pedagogik, kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi sosial, dan kompetensi professional. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa guru Pendidikan Jasmani di SD mampu mengajar Pendidikan Jasmani yang baik dan menguasi materi ajar. Namun disisi lain, masih terdapat kelemahan dalam penguasaan konsep keilmuan olah raga, selain itu tidak semua guru dapat memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani. Kemampuan guru dalam mengembangkan diri pada kegiatan profesional juga belum memadai.
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Petrenko, E. M., and V. A. Semenova. "Chemical Current Source Express Diagnostics Using Noise Spectroscopy on the Example of Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Natural Sciences, no. 4 (97) (August 2021): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/1812-3368-2021-4-136-143.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Lithium-thionyl chloride battery voltage is practically not changing during the discharge process and drops sharply being completely discharged. In this regard, the problem of non-destructive quality control of the chemical current sources (first of all, the discharge degree) before installation thereof in the equipment becomes of particular importance. Microcalorimetric studies make it possible to rather correctly determine the current source internal self-discharge rate, predict the LCCS shelf life and its performance term. However, the heat release absolute value in current sources with sufficient storability, i.e., with low self-discharge, is very small; therefore, it is necessary to use sensitive, stationary and large-sized equipment. This makes such diagnostics impossible when operating in the stand-alone conditions. The impedance spectroscopy method could be proposed to solve this problem. However, satisfactory results are only obtained in the 0--70 % residual capacitance range. Determination of residual capacitance in the 70--100 % range appears to be rather difficult due to the absence of noticeable alteration in the informative parameter within the limits of its absolute deviation from the mean value. In this regard, it looks advisable to use noise spectroscopy as a physically independent method in diagnosing the state of chemical current sources to expand the residual capacitance diagnostics range to the 70--100 % domain, as well as to increase reliability of the chemical current source diagnostic estimate in the range of 50--70 %. Results of the electrochemical noise measurement analysis confirm promising application of the noise spectroscopy method in estimating current state of the primary chemical current sources in their low discharge domains
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Adman. "MODEL PENDAMPINGAN KELUARGA BERBASIS ASESMEN, KONSELING, HOME VISIT DAN INTERVENSI SEBAGAI UPAYA MENUMBUHKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR ANAK JALANAN DI YAYASAN RUMAH KITA (eRKa) CIPINANG JAKARTA." PARAMETER: Jurnal Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Jakarta 31, no. 1 (June 28, 2019): 9–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/parameter.311.02.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstrak
This study aims to obtain in-depth data and information based on facts and data regarding the family assistance model based on assessment, counseling, home visit and intervention to reconstruct street children's learning motivation organized by Rumah Kita Foundation (eRKa) in Cipinang, DKI Jakarta. This research method is qualitative with a case study approach. Data collection uses field notes, observations, interviews, and documentation. Interviews were conducted with 3 street children, 3 street child parents and 2 street child companions from Rumah Kita Foundation (eRKa) in Cipinang. The results of data processing showed that the implementation of assessment activities, counseling and home visits, as well as interventions, carried out as a model of assistance to the family. Showed good results, namely the emergence of motivation to learn street children so that there is a desire to learn. The conclusion from the results of this study is the process of family assistance based on assessment, counseling and home visits and interventions has been carried out well by facilitators from the Rumah Kita Foundation (eRKa). This family assistance starts after the assistant conducts an assessment to examine the background of street children and their families. The companion can guide the role of parents as primary educators, exemplary examples of worship and obedience to God, good lifestyle, good attitudes and behavior, good relationships with others, and the importance of good education for the future. The counselor also counseled the importance of providing the right motivation, so that the motivation to learn of street children can grow and develop properly. Counseling conducted by eRKa has also helped the learning difficulties of street children. Likewise, home visits and interventions have been carried out well by the facilitator so that optimal learning outcomes can be achieved by street children.
Keywords: assessment, counseling, home visit, intervention, assistance.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data dan informasi yang mendalam berdasarkan fakta dan data mengenai model pendampingan keluarga berbasis asesmen, konseling, home visit dan intervensi untuk melakukan rekonstruksi motivasi belajar anak jalanan yang diselenggarakan oleh Yayasan Rumah Kita (eRKa) di Cipinang, DKI Jakarta. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Pengumpulan data menggunakan catatan lapangan, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Wawancara dilakukan kepada 3 orang anak jalanan, 3 orang tua anak jalanan dan 2 orang pendamping anak jalanan dari Yayasan Rumah Kita (eRKa) di Cipinang. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukan bahwa implementasi aktivitas asesmen, konseling dan home visit serta intervensi yang dilakukan sebagai model pendampingan terhadap keluarga.menunjukan hasil yang baik, yakni munculnya motivasi belajar anak jalanan sehingga terdapat keinginan untuk belajar. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah proses pendampingan keluarga berbasis asesmen, konseling dan home visit dan intervensi telah dilakukan dengan baik oleh pendamping dari Yayasan Rumah Kita (eRKa). Pendampingan keluarga ini dimulai setelah pendamping melakukan asesmen untuk mencermati latar belakang anak jalanan dan keluarganya. Pendamping telah terbukti mampu memberi arahan tentang peran orang tua sebagai pendidik utama, pemberi contoh teladan tentang ibadah dan ketaatan pada Allah, pola hidup yang baik, sikap dan perilaku yang baik, hubungan pergaulan yang baik dengan sesama, dan pentingnya pendidikan yang baik untuk masa depan mereka. Pendamping juga melakukan konseling tentang pentingnya memberikan motivasi yang baik, sehingga motivasi belajar anak jalanan dapat tumbuh dan berkembang dengan baik. Konseling yang dilakukan eRKa juga telah membantu kesulitan belajar anak-anak jalanan. Demikian pula home visit dan intervensi telah dilakukan dengan baik oleh pendamping sehingga hasil belajar yang optimal dapat dicapai oleh anak-anak jalanan.
Key word : asesmen, konseling, visit home, intervensi, pendampingan.
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Bragin, Mikhail A., Evgeny V. Goloborodko, Natalya V. Kotenko, Alexander S. Samoylov, and Maria Yu Kalinina. "Efficiency of Hardware and Software Systems in the Assessment of Psychophysiological State of Persons in Extreme Conditions Professions." Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine 20, no. 6 (December 21, 2021): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2021-20-6-111-118.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim. To determine the effectiveness of hardware and software complexes in assessing the psychophysiological state of persons in extreme conditions professions. Material and methods. The post-hoc comparative analysis of sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of five hardware and software complexes was performed involving 459 patients of different medical and preventive care institutions that received the rehabilitation medical care. The simulation of altered reactivity in 6 athletes of cyclic kinds of sport was carried out within a daily experiment (5 men, mean age 21.1±0.7 years and one woman, 22 years; sport rank not lower than 1 senior degree). Psychophysiological testing was conducted at five time points using the following methods: hardware and software complex “Diamed-MBS”, ASD (Radix), Lusher colorchoice test (Radix), reaction to a moving object (Multipsychometer), static and dynamic tremorometry (Multipsychometer). Results and discussion. The diagnostic effectiveness of these psychophysiological examination data automated processing complexes were determined by their informative value, the ability to recognize signs of the disease with a so-called reference or benchmark diagnosis. The highest indicators of sensitivity (82.5%), specificity (79.3%) and overall accuracy (80.6%) were found in the Diamed-MBS hardware and software complex. A tendency to decrease in the main indicators, such as heart rate, stress index, activity, well-being, working capacity with a minimum at 3:00-5:00 hours, was revealed. During the day, the possibility of the athletes’ psycho-emotionalstate dynamic assessment during the day (somatic and psychological components) was evaluated according to the parameters of heart rate variability, electrosomatography and bioelectrography. The dynamics of psychological and psychophysiological diagnostics indicators was of the multidirectional nature, which does not allow us to assert unequivocally about the negative impact of daily rhythms on the condition of athletes. All athletes showed negative results in one way or another at different intermediate diagnostic points, but by the end of the study they managed to compensate and reach the results of the primary diagnosis. Conclusion. The diagnostic efficiency of complex screening diagnostics when using hardware and software complex “Diamed-MBS” is 80.6%, which is 25-35% higher than the same parameter for similar devices. No negative psychological and psychophysiological effects of stress stimulation on daily rhythms of athletes were defined.
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Zolotukhin, O. V. "Individual prognosis of urolithiasis, benign hyperplasia and prostate cancer development based on medical and social risk factors." Kazan medical journal 98, no. 6 (December 15, 2017): 894–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2017-894.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim. To predict the risk of developing urolithiasis, benign hyperplasia and prostate cancer on the basis of mathematical modeling on individual medical and social factors. Methods. Prognostic evaluation of the risk of studied pathology development based on 30 medical and social factors was performed. Representive samples of patients with verified diagnosis of urolithiasis, benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer (study groups) as well as individuals without these diseases (comparison group) constituted the material of the study. The study protocol included preparation of primary data, transformation of qualitative data into numerical form, logistic regression modeling of risk, verification of models. Risk prediction itself was performed with the use of reasonably chosen methods of mathematical modeling (a priori ranging, regression analysis and discrete correlation pleiades aimed at minimizing the informative parameter redundancy). The developed models were verified by passive experiment method. Results. Based on long-term empirical observation the scientific hypothesis was proposed that urolithiasis, benign hyperplasia and prostate cancer development is more probable in patients with certain risk factors. To prove or reject the proposed hypothesis, the analysis of prognostic informativeness was performed for 30 factors suspected to cause the studied pathology development. It was performed with the use of logistic regression models. As a result among the studied working and living conditions of urological patients prognostically significant factors were determined. Developed on their basis (and subsequently verified) models allowed mathematically evaluating real risk of the studied urologic diseases development. Conclusion. Development of the models of individual risk of the studied nosologic forms development based on the analysis of medical and social factors is principally possible; verification of the developed models confirms their practical applicability and proves the principal feasibility of the proposed approach.
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Dicheva, D. T., D. N. Andreev, E. V. Partsvania-Vinogradova, and R. M. Umyarova. "Steatohepatitises: etiological variants, principles of diagnosis and management." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 6 (April 21, 2022): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2022-16-6-74-82.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Steatohepatitises is an etiologically heterogeneous group of pathological changes in the liver, which are characterized by the inflammatory infiltration of the hepatic parenchyma with underlying fatty degeneration of hepatocytes. Whatever is the etiological cause, the clinical significance of steatohepatitis involves the formation of liver fibrosis and, as a result, an increased risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which are life-threatening conditions. It is common practice to identify the following etiological variants of steatohepatitis: metabolic (55–65% of cases), alcoholic (45–55% of cases) and drug-induced (approximately 5% of cases). The pathogenetic basis of metabolic steatohepatitis lies in the mechanisms of increased lipolysis, excess free fatty acid pool and reduced β-oxidation stemming from obesity and insulin resistance. Pathogenetic factors mediating the development of alcoholic steatohepatitis are the toxic activity of acetaldehyde and increased CYP2E1 activity. Intake of some hepatotoxic drugs increases lipogenesis in hepatocytes and disrupts the electron transport chain, which leads to the formation of liver steatosis followed by transformation into steatohepatitis. Whatever is the etiological varient, steatohepatitis is asymptomatic in the prevailing majority of cases. However, some patients may present complaints of weakness, discomfort, or indolent pain in the right hypochondrium. A detailed history taking is essential for the establishment of the etiological cause of liver damage. Laboratory tests allow to diagnose steatohepatitis in increased levels of hepatic transaminases, usually not exceeding 2–3 times the normal values. In addition to liver enzymes, increased levels of alkaline phosphatase and GGTP can also be observed in steatohepatitis. Ultrasound imaging is the most accessible instrumental tool in clinical practice to establish the primary diagnosis of hepatic steatosis. Indirect elastometry is an equally informative non-invasive method for diagnosing steatohepatitis, which allows to measure both the degree of steatosis (the function of determining the ultrasonic controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver fibrosis.
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Golodnikov, A. N., P. S. Knopov, and V. A. Pepelyaev. "Estimation of Reliability Parameters Under Incomplete Primary Information." Theory and Decision 57, no. 4 (December 2004): 331–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11238-005-3217-9.
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Aalderink, R. H., and J. Jovin. "Identification of the parameters describing primary production from continuous oxygen signals." Water Science and Technology 36, no. 5 (September 1, 1997): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0161.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The parameters of a simple dissolved oxygen (DO) model have been estimated on a day to day basis from continuous oxygen measurements. Oxygen was measured in a shallow ditch (0.38 m) dominated by bentic algae. The main objective was to study the identifiability of the parameters Pmax and Iopt in the photosynthesis vs. irradiance (P/I) curve, in order to determine the seasonal variations of the parameters and to study relationships with environmental conditions. For this purpose joint parameter confidence regions, parameter correlation, and the eigenvalues of the Fisher information matrix have been determined. The results show that Pmax can be estimated fairly well, whereas for Iopt the confidence regions are much larger. In particular for days in winter and spring extremely long elongated confidence regions can be found. However, it can be concluded that for a sufficient number of days, both parameters in the P/I curve can be estimated sufficiently accurately to study seasonable variability and dependency with temperature and light conditions.
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Yuan, W., S. Liu, W. Cai, W. Dong, J. Chen, A. Arain, P. D. Blanken, et al. "Are vegetation-specific model parameters required for estimating gross primary production?" Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 6, no. 4 (November 4, 2013): 5475–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-6-5475-2013.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Models of gross primary production (GPP) are currently parameterized with vegetation-specific parameter sets and therefore require accurate information on the distribution of vegetation to drive them. Can this parameterization scheme be replaced with a vegetation-invariant set of parameter that can maintain or increase model applicability by reducing errors introduced from the uncertainty of land cover classification? Based on the measurements of ecosystem carbon fluxes from 150 globally distributed sites in a range of vegetation types, we examined the predictive capacity of seven light use efficiency (LUE) models. Two model experiments were conducted: (i) a constant set of parameters for various vegetation types and (ii) vegetation-specific parameters. The results showed no significant differences in model performances to simulate GPP while using both sets of parameters. These results indicate that a universal set of parameters, which is independent of vegetation cover type and characteristics can be adopted in prevalent LUE models. Availability of this well tested and universal set of parameters would help to improve the accuracy and applicability of LUE models in various biomes and geographic regions.
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Ivanov, A. V., I. L. Reva, and D. S. Kofanov. "Influence of primary elements parameters on result of voice information protection estimation." Dynamics of Systems, Mechanisms and Machines 5, no. 4 (2017): 073–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/2310-9793-2017-5-4-73-77.
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Ivanov, A. V., I. L. Reva, and D. S. Kofanov. "Influence of primary elements parameters on result of voice information protection estimation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 944 (January 2018): 012043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/944/1/012043.
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Дзюба, Олександр Миколайович, and Василь Васильович Бабенко. "Informative value of the clinical parameters of metabolic syndrome at primary acute ischemic stroke." ScienceRise 2, no. 3 (19) (February 28, 2016): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2313-8416.2016.61223.
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Simonton, Dean Keith. "Age and Creative Productivity: Nonlinear Estimation of an Information-Processing Model." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 29, no. 1 (July 1989): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/u81m-7lwl-xxn4-10t8.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A two-step cognitive model is outlined that explicates the key empirical findings on the relation between age and creative productivity. Two primary information-processing parameters, the ideation and elaboration rates, define a mathematical function that both describes the age curves and specifies how those curves vary across disciplines. To validate the model further, a nonlinear estimation program was applied to previously published tabulations on the longitudinal fluctuations in creative output. The resulting parameter estimates also yield the expected peak age and the creative half-life for each domain of achievement. Despite the prediction of a post-peak decline, the model's implications for creativity over the life span are optimistic.
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Li, Kai Kai, and Huan Min Xu. "Multivariate Principal Component Analysis for Production and Energy Consumption of Cutter Suction Dredger." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 2211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.2211.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cutter suction dredgers perform a major part in the field of dredging engineering in harbors, fairways, and land reclamation. However, there are many parameters in cutter suction dredger operation so that it is difficult to guarantee the stability of production. In consideration of the issue of enormous parameters in dredging operation, mathematical dimensional reduction method which uses multivariate primary component analysis is proposed. The method can calculate the contribution rate and cumulative contribution rate of each parameter and then select the principal components which influents the production and energy consumption. These parameters represent the majority of the original data information, while not interrelated with each other. The primary components can be used to guide the regulation and control of the parameters, reduce regulatory parameters and operational complexity and provide a theoretical basis for intelligent automation of dredging operations.
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Nathanson, M. H., and G. M. Saidel. "Multiple-objective criteria for optimal experimental design: application to ferrokinetics." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 248, no. 3 (March 1, 1985): R378—R386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1985.248.3.r378.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Optimal experimental design is used to predict the experimental conditions that will allow the "best" estimates of model parameters. A variety of criteria must be considered before an optimal design is chosen. Maximizing the determinant of the information matrix (D optimality), which tends to produce the most precise simultaneous estimates of all parameters, is commonly considered as the primary criterion. To complement this criterion, we present another whose effect is to reduce the interaction among the parameter estimates so that changes in any one parameter can be more distinct. This new criterion consists of maximizing the determinant of an appropriately scaled information matrix (M optimality). These criteria are applied jointly in a multiple-objective function. To illustrate the use of these concepts, we develop an optimal experimental design of blood sampling schedules using a detailed ferrokinetic model.
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Ivanov, S. D., and A. N. Nazarov. "Drive electrical parameters applicability evaluation to determine loads on bridge crane lifting mechanism." Russian Automobile and Highway Industry Journal 19, no. 1 (March 17, 2022): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.26518/2071-7296-2022-19-1-36-47.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. The problem of existing recorders of crane operation parameters in the direction of determining the intensity of work of mechanisms is revealed. The necessity of increasing the number of information sources is determined. Application of current parameters of the electric motor as a source of primary information is suggested.Materials and methods. The characteristics of the experimental setup are presented. The validity of information sources has been evaluated on the lifting mechanism. Formulas for determining the error of calculating the stator current and active power parameters and for determining the coefficient of proportionality of the load on the drive and the information parameter are given.Results. Tables and graphs of calculated mechanism load in terms of stator current and active power over the whole range of operating loads are presented. The dependence of accuracy of load determination on changes of supply mains voltage has been investigated.Conclusions. As information source of the load on the crane hoisting mechanism it is recommended to apply an active drive power. The given parameter has shown the big stability to voltage changes in comparison with a current of stator. It was possible to reach accuracy of definition of a load of 2,6 % at requirement of 3 %.
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Hansson, Karl Niklas, and Stig Hansson. "Skewness and Kurtosis: Important Parameters in the Characterization of Dental Implant Surface Roughness—A Computer Simulation." ISRN Materials Science 2011 (October 20, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/305312.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The surface roughness affects the bone response to dental implants. A primary aim of the roughness is to increase the bone-implant interface shear strength. Surface roughness is generally characterized by means of surface roughness parameters. It was demonstrated that the normally used parameters cannot discriminate between surfaces expected to give a high interface shear strength from surfaces expected to give a low interface shear strength. It was further demonstrated that the skewness parameter can do this discrimination. A problem with this parameter is that it is sensitive to isolated peaks and valleys. Another roughness parameter which on theoretical grounds can be supposed to give valuable information on the quality of a rough surface is kurtosis. This parameter is also sensitive to isolated peaks and valleys. An implant surface was assumed to have a fairly well-defined and homogenous “semiperiodic” surface roughness upon which isolated peaks were superimposed. In a computerized simulation, it was demonstrated that by using small sampling lengths during measurement, it should be possible to get accurate values of the skewness and kurtosis parameters.
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Maltsev, G. N., V. L. Yakimov, S. V. Soloviev, and N. V. Lebedeva. "PRIMARY PROCESSING OF TELEMETRIC INFORMATION USING DYNAMIC MODELS OF PARAMETER CHANGE AND PARTIAL NONLINEAR FILTRATION." Information and Control Systems, no. 5 (October 27, 2018): 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2018-5-22-34.
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Kirshner, M. "The Role of Information Technology and Informatics Research in the Dentist-Patient Relationship." Advances in Dental Research 17, no. 1 (December 2003): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154407370301700118.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A high-value doctor-patient relationship is based on a set of parameters which include the interpersonal relationship between the patient and the doctor. Based on the Primary Care Assessment Survey model, measures of the interpersonal relationship are associated with communication, interpersonal care, contextual knowledge of the patient, and trust. Despite the proven value of the doctor-patient relationship, current trends indicate that the quality of these relationships is on the decline. The advent of communication and information technologies has greatly affected the way in which health care is delivered and the relationship between doctors and patients. The convergence of communication and information technology with biomedical informatics offers an opportunity to affect the character of the doctor-patient relationship positively. This paper examines the intersection of the key features of the doctor-patient relationship and a variety of Internet-based, clinical, and administrative applications used in dental practice. This paper discusses the role of dental informatics research vis-à-vis the doctor-patient relationship and explores how it may inform the next generation of information technologies used in dental practice.
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Harrap, Michael J. M., Natalie Hempel de Ibarra, Heather M. Whitney, and Sean A. Rands. "Reporting of thermography parameters in biology: a systematic review of thermal imaging literature." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 12 (December 2018): 181281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.181281.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Infrared (IR) thermography, where temperature measurements are made with IR cameras, has proven to be a very useful and widely used tool in biological science. Several thermography parameters are critical to the proper operation of thermal cameras and the accuracy of measurements, and these must usually be provided to the camera. Failure to account for these parameters may lead to less accurate measurements. Furthermore, the failure to provide information of parameter choices in reports may compromise appraisal of accuracy and replicate studies. In this review, we investigate how well biologists report thermography parameters. This is done through a systematic review of biological thermography literature that included articles published between years 2007 and 2017. We found that in primary biological thermography papers, which make some kind of quantitative temperature measurement, 48% fail to report values used for emissivity (an object's capacity to emit thermal radiation relative to a black body radiator), which is the minimum level of reporting that should take place. This finding highlights the need for life scientists to take into account and report key parameter information when carrying out thermography, in the future.
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Nikonowicz, Jakub, Aamir Mahmood, and Mikael Gidlund. "A Blind Signal Samples Detection Algorithm for Accurate Primary User Traffic Estimation." Sensors 20, no. 15 (July 25, 2020): 4136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20154136.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The energy detection process for enabling opportunistic spectrum access in dynamic primary user (PU) scenarios, where PU changes state from active to inactive at random time instances, requires the estimation of several parameters ranging from noise variance and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to instantaneous and average PU activity. A prerequisite to parameter estimation is an accurate extraction of the signal and noise samples in a received signal time frame. In this paper, we propose a low-complexity and accurate signal samples detection algorithm as compared to well-known methods, which is also blind to the PU activity distribution. The proposed algorithm is analyzed in a semi-experimental simulation setup for its accuracy and time complexity in recognizing signal and noise samples, and its use in channel occupancy estimation, under varying occupancy and SNR of the PU signal. The results confirm its suitability for acquiring the necessary information on the dynamic behavior of PU, which is otherwise assumed to be known in the literature.
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Bouman, Heather A., Trevor Platt, Martina Doblin, Francisco G. Figueiras, Kristinn Gudmundsson, Hafsteinn G. Gudfinnsson, Bangqin Huang, et al. "Photosynthesis–irradiance parameters of marine phytoplankton: synthesis of a global data set." Earth System Science Data 10, no. 1 (February 6, 2018): 251–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-251-2018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The photosynthetic performance of marine phytoplankton varies in response to a variety of factors, environmental and taxonomic. One of the aims of the MArine primary Production: model Parameters from Space (MAPPS) project of the European Space Agency is to assemble a global database of photosynthesis–irradiance (P-E) parameters from a range of oceanographic regimes as an aid to examining the basin-scale variability in the photophysiological response of marine phytoplankton and to use this information to improve the assignment of P-E parameters in the estimation of global marine primary production using satellite data. The MAPPS P-E database, which consists of over 5000 P-E experiments, provides information on the spatio-temporal variability in the two P-E parameters (the assimilation number, PmB, and the initial slope, αB, where the superscripts B indicate normalisation to concentration of chlorophyll) that are fundamental inputs for models (satellite-based and otherwise) of marine primary production that use chlorophyll as the state variable. Quality-control measures consisted of removing samples with abnormally high parameter values and flags were added to denote whether the spectral quality of the incubator lamp was used to calculate a broad-band value of αB. The MAPPS database provides a photophysiological data set that is unprecedented in number of observations and in spatial coverage. The database will be useful to a variety of research communities, including marine ecologists, biogeochemical modellers, remote-sensing scientists and algal physiologists. The compiled data are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.874087 (Bouman et al., 2017).
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Amran, Md Shah, and Md Najmul Islam. "A Study on the Packaging Information of Antibiotics Available in Bangladesh." Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 16, no. 2 (February 20, 2015): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v16i2.22300.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The samples of primary and secondary packaging items of antibiotics manufactured in Bangladesh or imported by local distributing agencies, were collected and thoroughly examined from 2009 to 2010 on the basis of 32 parameters. These parameters are usually regarded important for the labeling of any drug, from the view point of standards set by national regulatory agencies, such as Directorate General of Drug Administration (DGDA) and Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institution (BSTI). The primary and secondary packaging items of a total of 10 pharmaceutical industries have been collected, sorted/arranged and meticulously studied, and packaging parameters were accumulated for analysis. It has been observed that many of the important packaging information were either completely missing or not properly described on the labels, inserts, inner carton, outer carton and container. This study was aimed at examining to what extent the packaging information is provided in the primary and secondary packaging items of antibiotics. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v16i2.22300 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 16(2): 171-176, 2013
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Dan, Danhui, Bin Xu, Ye Xia, Xingfei Yan, and Pengfei Jia. "Intelligent parameter identification for bridge cables based on characteristic frequency equation of transverse dynamic stiffness." Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control 39, no. 3 (December 18, 2018): 678–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461348418814617.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Determining the cable force and other parameters of cables is important for condition assessment of cable-stayed structures. This study proposes a frequency characteristic equation of transverse dynamic stiffness for cables; this equation is suitable for measuring the vibrations to evaluate the primary factors that influence the accuracy of cable parameter identification. Further, a cable parameter identification method based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. The method is suitable for a cable system of arbitrary length and with moderate sag especially when the measurement quality of the modal frequencies of cables is poor. Both numerical case studies and a cable vibration test proved that the proposed method can identify parameters with high accuracy for cables of any length and for cases requiring low-frequency measurement. Moreover, structural modal order information is not required. The extreme case is that only one order frequency can achieve highly accurate result in this way. The proposed method is suitable for parameter identification of short cables, hanger cables, and parallel strand cables, which are commonly applicable in engineering applications.
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Hou, Jilin, Łukasz Jankowski, and Jinping Ou. "Structural Health Monitoring Based on Combined Structural Global and Local Frequencies." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/405784.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents a parameter estimation method for Structural Health Monitoring based on the combined measured structural global frequencies and structural local frequencies. First, the global test is experimented to obtain the low order modes which can reflect the global information of the structure. Secondly, the mass is added on the member of structure to increase the local dynamic characteristic and to make the member have local primary frequency, which belongs to structural local frequency and is sensitive to local parameters. Then the parameters of the structure can be optimized accurately using the combined structural global frequencies and structural local frequencies. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method are verified by the experiment of a space truss.
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Šatkauskas, Gintautas. "CONCEPT OF ECONOMICAL‐MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF LAND MARKET." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 13, no. 4 (December 31, 2007): 333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13928619.2007.9637819.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Input parameters, ie factors defining the market price of agricultural‐purpose land, are interrelated very often by means of non‐linear ties. Strength of these ties is rather different and this limits usefulness of information in the research process of land market prices. Influence of input parameter changes to the input parameters in case when there are rather substantial changes may be determined in someone direction with a sufficient precision, whereas in other directions with comparatively small changes of input parameters this influence is difficult to be separated from the “noise” background. Taking into account the above‐listed circumstances, the concept of economical‐mathematical model of land market should be as follows: there is carried out re‐parameterisation of the process by means of introduction of new parameters in such a way that the new parameters are not interrelated, and the full process is evaluated at the minimal number of these parameters. These requirements are met by the main components of the input parameters. Then normalisation of the main components is carried out and dependencies on new parameters are determined. It is easier to interpret the dependencies obtained having reduced the number of input parameters and the higher the non‐linearity of interrelations of primary land market data, the greater effect of normalisation of input-parameter components. The results are compared with the valuations of experts.
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Erk, Katrin, Sebastian Padó, and Ulrike Padó. "A Flexible, Corpus-Driven Model of Regular and Inverse Selectional Preferences." Computational Linguistics 36, no. 4 (December 2010): 723–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We present a vector space–based model for selectional preferences that predicts plausibility scores for argument headwords. It does not require any lexical resources (such as WordNet). It can be trained either on one corpus with syntactic annotation, or on a combination of a small semantically annotated primary corpus and a large, syntactically analyzed generalization corpus. Our model is able to predict inverse selectional preferences, that is, plausibility scores for predicates given argument heads. We evaluate our model on one NLP task (pseudo-disambiguation) and one cognitive task (prediction of human plausibility judgments), gauging the influence of different parameters and comparing our model against other model classes. We obtain consistent benefits from using the disambiguation and semantic role information provided by a semantically tagged primary corpus. As for parameters, we identify settings that yield good performance across a range of experimental conditions. However, frequency remains a major influence of prediction quality, and we also identify more robust parameter settings suitable for applications with many infrequent items.
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Shukla, Mayur. "A Study on the Parameters that Affect Cyber Security." International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management 3, no. 9 (September 13, 2020): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47607/ijresm.2020.276.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cyber Security plays an important role in the field of computer science information technology. Securing the information from have become one of the biggest challenges in the present day. This study will use primary data collection tools (questionnaire) to collect information from respondents. This paper mainly focuses on challenges faced by cyber security. It also focuses on latest about the cyber security techniques and the trends changing the face of cyber security. cyber security is becoming very important topic to work on and covering various different type of cyber-attacks.
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Weichenberger, Christian X., and Bernhard Rupp. "Ten years of probabilistic estimates of biocrystal solvent content: new insightsvianonparametric kernel density estimate." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 70, no. 6 (May 24, 2014): 1579–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1399004714005550.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The probabilistic estimate of the solvent content (Matthews probability) was first introduced in 2003. Given that the Matthews probability is based on prior information, revisiting the empirical foundation of this widely used solvent-content estimate is appropriate. The parameter set for the original Matthews probability distribution function employed inMATTPROBhas been updated after ten years of rapid PDB growth. A new nonparametric kernel density estimator has been implemented to calculate the Matthews probabilities directly from empirical solvent-content data, thus avoiding the need to revise the multiple parameters of the original binned empirical fit function. The influence and dependency of other possible parameters determining the solvent content of protein crystals have been examined. Detailed analysis showed that resolution is the primary and dominating model parameter correlated with solvent content. Modifications of protein specific density for low molecular weight have no practical effect, and there is no correlation with oligomerization state. A weak, and in practice irrelevant, dependency on symmetry and molecular weight is present, but cannot be satisfactorily explained by simple linear or categorical models. The Bayesian argument that the observed resolution represents only a lower limit for the true diffraction potential of the crystal is maintained. The new kernel density estimator is implemented as the primary option in theMATTPROBweb application at http://www.ruppweb.org/mattprob/.
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Li, Hao, and Enze Zhang. "A Coupled Sampling Design for Parameter Estimation in Microalgae Growth Experiment: Maximizing the Benefits of Uniform and Non-Uniform Sampling." Water 13, no. 21 (October 24, 2021): 2996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13212996.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As an important primary producer in aquatic ecosystems, the various parameters within the mathematical models are used to describe the growth of microalgae and need to be estimated by carefully designed experiments. Non-uniform sampling has proved to generate a deliberately optimized sampling temporal schedule that can benefit parameter estimation. However, the current non-uniform sampling method depends on prior knowledge of the nominal values of the model parameters. It also largely ignores the uncertainty associated with the nominal values, thus inducing unacceptable parameter estimates. This study focuses on the uncertainty problem and describes a new sampling design that couples the traditional uniform and non-uniform sampling schedules to benefit from the merits of both methods. Based on D-optimal design, we first derive the non-uniform optimal sampling points by maximizing the determinant of the Fisher information matrix. Then the confidence interval around the non-uniform sampling points is determined by Monte Carlo simulations based on the prior knowledge of parameter distribution. Finally, we wrap the non-uniform sampling points with the uniform sampling points within the confidence interval to obtain the ultimate optimal experimental design. Scenedesmus obliquus, whose growth curve follows a four-parameter model, was used as a case study. Compared with the traditional sampling design, the simulation results show that our proposed coupled sampling schedule can partly eliminate the uncertainty in parameter estimates caused by fixed systematic errors in observations. Our coupled sampling can also retain some advantages belonging to non-uniform sampling, in exploiting information maximization and managing the cost of sampling.
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Žaknić-Ćatović, Ana, and William A. Gough. "Diurnal Extrema Timing—A New Climatological Parameter?" Climate 10, no. 1 (January 6, 2022): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli10010005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We address the following question: Are turning points of daily air temperature function a piece of relevant climatological information worth recording and analyzing? Diurnal Extrema Timing (DET) are daily occurrence times of air temperature minimum and maximum. Although unrecognized and unrecorded as a meteorological variable, the exact timing of daily temperature extrema plays a crucial role in the characterization of air temperature variability. In this study, we introduce the DET concept and assess the plausibility of this potential parameter in detecting temperature extrema timing changes. Conceptualization of the DET parameter has, for a primary goal, the supplementation of vital spatial information to the daily measurements of air temperature extrema. The elementary analysis of annual trends of daily DET examines the significance of this parameter in describing changes in the time domain of air temperature variability. The introduction of the new Climate Parameter Sensitivity Index (CPSI) for evaluating the susceptibility of climate parameters to climate change directs attention to the importance of the systematic acquisition of the timing of daily extrema in climate observations. The results of this study reveal the timing of daily air temperature maximum as the most vulnerable to climate change among temperature and timing extrema indices.
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Preisser, John S., Kalyan Das, Habtamu Benecha, and John W. Stamm. "Logistic regression for dichotomized counts." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 25, no. 6 (July 11, 2016): 3038–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280214536893.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sometimes there is interest in a dichotomized outcome indicating whether a count variable is positive or zero. Under this scenario, the application of ordinary logistic regression may result in efficiency loss, which is quantifiable under an assumed model for the counts. In such situations, a shared-parameter hurdle model is investigated for more efficient estimation of regression parameters relating to overall effects of covariates on the dichotomous outcome, while handling count data with many zeroes. One model part provides a logistic regression containing marginal log odds ratio effects of primary interest, while an ancillary model part describes the mean count of a Poisson or negative binomial process in terms of nuisance regression parameters. Asymptotic efficiency of the logistic model parameter estimators of the two-part models is evaluated with respect to ordinary logistic regression. Simulations are used to assess the properties of the models with respect to power and Type I error, the latter investigated under both misspecified and correctly specified models. The methods are applied to data from a randomized clinical trial of three toothpaste formulations to prevent incident dental caries in a large population of Scottish schoolchildren.
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Alqahtani, Abdullah Saad, Rajashekhara Bhari Sharanesha, Khalid Gufran, Nasser Raqe Alqhtani, Alwaleed Abushanan, Mohammed Alasqah, Abdulaziz Mohammad Alsakr, and Hassan Alkharaan. "Variation in Hemodynamic Characteristics during Periodontal Crown-Lengthening Surgical Procedure: An Uncontrolled Cohort Study." Healthcare 10, no. 5 (May 16, 2022): 919. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10050919.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
(1) Background: The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the changes in primary hemodynamic parameters and oxygen saturation in systemically healthy patients during the surgical procedure involving crown lengthening. (2) Methods: A total of 44 patients who required a crown-lengthening procedure in a single tooth in the maxillary arch were included in this study. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured in all the subjects at three different intervals: before injecting the anesthetic (T1), after the anesthetic injection (T2) and after the procedure (T3). Descriptive statistics were computed, and observations were recorded as mean and standard deviation (SD). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the mean observation within parameters at different time intervals. (3) Results: All primary hemodynamic parameters were increased in the T2 phase over T1 and decreased in the T3 phase over T2. However, SpO2 decreased in both the T2 and T3 phases compared to the initial T1 phase. No significant differences were observed among the primary hemodynamic variables. However, SpO2 showed a significant difference (p = 0.013) among the T1, T2 and T3 phases. (4) Conclusions: Further study with larger sample size is required in order to analyze the accurate hemodynamic alterations.
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Wan, Li, Peng Chen, and Xu Yi Hu. "Weibull Model Based on the Maximum Entropy Principle and its Applications on Elements Grade Distribution." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 4851–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.4851.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The distribution of metallogenic elements grade is an effective index for the quantitatively economical evaluation of mineral resources. We have defined the information entropy as a measure of randomness of metallogenic elements grade distribution, assumed its primary distribution is in an extremely random situation, and deduced the density function of the primary distribution based on maximum entropy principle. Considering the fact that elements concentration goes from a non-orderly state to an orderly one in the ore-forming process, we added restraint parameters to the primary distribution model, got a two-parameter Weibull distribution model with embedded fractal features, and then fitted metallogenic element's grade distribution of Ag-Cu-Pb-Zn from a mine in China. The results show that the Weibull model is more effective than a lognormal model to describe elements distribution, and should be applied more broadly than common lognormal models in geology discipline.
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Ibrahim, Wubshet, and Temesgen Anbessa. "Hall and Ion Slip Effects on Mixed Convection Flow of Eyring-Powell Nanofluid over a Stretching Surface." Advances in Mathematical Physics 2020 (September 9, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4354860.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this research is to inspect the mixed convection flow of Eyring-Powell nanofluid over a linearly stretching sheet through a porous medium with Cattaneo–Christov heat and mass flux model in the presence of Hall and ion slip, permeability, and Joule heating effects. Proper similarity transforms yield coupled nonlinear differential systems, which are solved using the spectral relaxation method (SRM). The story audits show that the present research problem has not been studied until this point. Efficiency of numerous parameters on velocity, temperature, and concentration curves is exposed graphically. Likewise, the numerical values of skin friction coefficients, local Nusselt, and Sherwood numbers are computed and tabulated for some physical parameters. It is manifested that fluid velocities, skin friction coefficients, local Nusselt, and Sherwood numbers promote with the larger values of Eyring-Powell fluid parameter ε. It is also noticed that primary velocity promotes with larger values of mixed convection parameter λ, Hall parameter βe, and ion slip parameter βi, while the opposite condition is observed for secondary velocity, temperature, and concentration. Furthermore, comparative surveys between the previously distributed writing and the current information are made for explicit cases, which are examined to be in a marvelous understanding.
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Siroka, Z., B. Krocilova, J. Pikula, H. Bandouchova, L. Peckova, and F. Vitula. "Blood coagulation parameters in fallow deer (Dama dama)." Veterinární Medicína 56, No. 3 (March 24, 2011): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3160-vetmed.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There are frequent reports from around the world of wild animals being poisoned with anticoagulants. Granulated baits can result in primary or secondary poisoning of non-target animals. Moreover, there are several diseases including infections that influence haemostasis in wild animals. The present study focused on fallow deer (Dama dama) for which insufficient data on physiological values of coagulation parameters are available. Six parameters of blood coagulation were established in clinically normal fallow deer from a game enclosure in North Moravia (Czech Republic). The fibrinogen content of 1.94 g/l is in agreement with the results obtained by other authors. Factor VIII and IX concentrations amounted to 198.42% and 169.91% of human concentration of these parameters in blood. These have never before been measured for fallow deer, but most animal species have concentrations of these factors higher than humans. Prothrombin time (PT), average activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and thrombin time (TT) were assessed as 20.99 s, 33.76 s, and 24.78 s, respectively. Prothrombin time assessed in the present study was longer compared to available data, while APTT is in agreement with the previous data. Thrombin time value is a new piece of information and is comparable with TT values obtained in other ruminants. The possible explanation for the prolonged PT may be the stress associated with yarding and handling the animals which is reported to cause haemorrhages or changes in haemostatic parameters in deer. Interestingly, males had significantly longer clotting times compared to females.