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1
Bausell, R. Barker. "Health-Seeking Behaviors: Public versus Public Health Perspectives." Psychological Reports 58, no. 1 (February 1986): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1986.58.1.187.
Анотація:
Public and professional perceptions of the salutary effects of 17 preventive behaviors were compared via two separate telephone interviews. In absolute terms the public ( n = 1254) rated the majority of the behaviors as more important than the professional sample ( n = 103), although the exceptions were notable. Not smoking, wearing seatbelts, and drinking in moderation were all considered substantially less important by the public in promoting health and longevity. These results suggest that much work remains to be done in convincing the public of the health benefits of these life-saving acts.
2
Fang, Chia-Yi, Chia-Jung Hu, and Yih-Jin Hu. "Factors Related to COVID-19-Preventive Behaviors among Flight Attendants." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 16 (August 17, 2022): 10201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610201.
Анотація:
The health and safety of airline employees have been important issues during the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The exposure of flight attendants to passengers with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection without protective equipment is known to cause in-flight transmission and the worldwide spread of the virus. However, very few studies have focused on flight attendants’ COVID-19-preventive behaviors and related factors. This cross-sectional study was performed to investigate relationships between COVID-19-preventive behaviors and relevant factors in a convenience sample of flight attendants. In total, 261 flight attendants working for two international airlines were recruited. A self-developed questionnaire was used to assess participants’ COVID-19 information-seeking behavior, perceived susceptibility, severity, self-efficacy, and preventive behaviors. Analysis of variance and Pearson’s correlation analysis were performed to analyze COVID-19 preventive behaviors according to socio-demographic and COVID-19-related factors. Multiple regression analysis was used to predict the flight attendants’ COVID-19-preventive behaviors. The factors that primarily influenced participants’ COVID-19-preventive behaviors were gender (women; β = 0.17, p < 0.001), information-seeking behavior (β = 0.39, p < 0.000), perceived severity (β = 0.130, p < 0.05), and self-efficacy (β = 0.17, p < 0.05). These factors explained 30.6% of the variance in COVID-19-preventive behaviors among flight attendants. Identification of the preventive behaviors performed by this population is important, as it aids the development of strategies to enhance such behaviors, thereby reducing the in-flight spread of COVID-19.
3
Teng, Yuanyuan, Tomoya Hanibuchi, and Tomoki Nakaya. "Information Seeking and COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors: A Comparison Between Immigrants and the Host Population in Japan." Journal of Disaster Research 18, no. 1 (January 20, 2023): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2023.p0057.
Анотація:
Little is known about information seeking and its influence on preventive behaviors among immigrants in Japan, despite their vulnerabilities during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study investigated information seeking about COVID-19, and examined differences with compliance with preventive measures between immigrants and the host population in Japan based on an Internet survey conducted in October 2021. We used chi-squared tests to determine the difference in information seeking and preventive behaviors between the two groups, and Poisson regression with robust standard errors to examine the association between information seeking and compliance with preventive measures. Our results show that, although the overall tendencies of information seeking and the preventive behaviors of immigrants were similar to those of the Japanese, significant differences were identified in some behavior: immigrants were more likely to acquire COVID-19 information from social networking services (SNS) and official websites in Japan, and maintain physical distance and ventilation than Japanese locals. Furthermore, immigrants’ sources of information diversified according to their sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., educational level, Japanese language skills, length of residence in Japan, and country or region of origin). Additionally, the effects of information seeking on preventive actions against COVID-19 differed according to the information sources; some information sources (e.g., SNS) had different impacts on preventive behaviors between immigrants and Japanese locals. Obtaining information from traditional media and Japanese official websites increases engagement with all five preventive measures among immigrants and four measures among the Japanese. The study highlights the importance of customized health policies for immigrants according to their behavioral tendencies.
4
Chae, Jiyoung. "How we use the Internet matters for health: The relationship between various online health-related activities and preventive dietary behaviors." Health Informatics Journal 25, no. 3 (October 19, 2017): 973–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460458217735675.
Анотація:
This study identified specific types of online health-related activities that may promote preventive dietary behaviors. Two cycles (Cycles 1 and 3) of the Health Information National Trends Survey 4 were analyzed ( N = 2606 and 2284, respectively; Internet users only). Similar types of activities were grouped to create three types of online activities: information seeking, engagement in health information technology, and social media use. In both cycles, online health information seeking and the engagement in health information technology were positively associated with two dietary behaviors (fruit/vegetable consumption and using menu information on calories) but not with soda consumption. Individuals may be exposed to new information or become more aware of their current health status through information seeking or health information technology engagement. However, social media use for health was not related to any of the dietary behavior. The results suggest that “how we use the Internet” may make a difference in health outcomes.
5
Kaphingst, Kimberly, Christina Lachance, and Celeste Condit. "Beliefs About Heritability of Cancer and Health Information Seeking and Preventive Behaviors." Journal of Cancer Education 24, no. 4 (October 2009): 351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08858190902876304.
6
Roberts, James A., and Meredith E. David. "The Pandemic within a Pandemic: Testing a Sequential Mediation Model to Better Understand Racial/Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19 Preventive Behavior." Healthcare 9, no. 2 (February 20, 2021): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9020230.
Анотація:
Recent Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data reveal that COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality rates are higher for certain racial/ethnic groups. Labeled as the “pandemic within a pandemic”, African Americans and Hispanics are bearing more of the brunt of the disease compared to Caucasians. Testing a new sequential mediation model on a sample of 483 US African American, Caucasian, and Hispanic adults, the present study investigates the role of fear of COVID-19, information receptivity, perceived knowledge, and self-efficacy to explain disparities in preventive behaviors. Study contributions include the specification of a new predictive model that improves upon the long-used Health Belief Model (HBM). The Sequential Mediation Model appears to have greater explanatory capacity than the HBM. Study results also provide important insights into racial/ethnic differences in health-seeking behavior related to the coronavirus. Findings show that African Americans reported higher levels of preventive behaviors and self-efficacy than Caucasians. It is possible that SES, rather than race per se, is more important in explaining differences in COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Certain “cues to action” (precipitating factors) also help explain this somewhat surprising result. Additionally, significant differences were found across the three racial/ethnic groups for all the new model’s variables except perceived knowledge. The new model was supported across all three racial/ethnic groups with notable differences across each group. Given the severity of implications surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic (physical, mental, and economic), it is critical that an improved understanding of what drives individual health-seeking behavior be achieved. Study limitations and future research suggestions are discussed.
7
A. Balocnit, Divina, Anie N. Malano, Joy C. Dapeg, Teodifel Lao – Aten, and Lou Marshal M. Banggawan. "COVID-19 Prevention Practices among the Students of the College of Health and Natural Sciences, Kalinga State University." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 7, no. 6 (2022): 476–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.76.54.
Анотація:
his study focused on the CoViD 19 prevention practices of the students of the College of Health and Natural Sciences.Specifically, it aimed to undergo study on the sources of information on the CoViD 19 prevention practices among the students of the College of Health and Natural sciences; level of knowledge of the students on the CoViD 19 prevention practices; attitudes of the students towards CoViD 19 health – seeking behavior; correlation of the knowledge of students on the CoViD 19 prevention practices and their attitude towards CoViD 19 health – seeking behavior; practice of the students on the CoViD 19 preventive measures; factors that may affect the frequency of practice of the students on the CoViD 19 preventive measures.It was concluded that the students get information from television, social media, and from their classmates and friends. They have good knowledge on the preventive measures against CoViD 19. They also have positive attitude towards health seeking behavior. While, their knowledge and attitude have very low correlation. These students always practice the preventive measures against CoViD 19. But, sometimes, they forget, not mindful of the health protocols and they are not used to the guidelines.
8
Dodd, Virginia J., Henrietta Logan, Cameron D. Brown, Angela Calderon, and Frank Catalanotto. "Perceptions of Oral Health, Preventive Care, and Care-Seeking Behaviors Among Rural Adolescents." Journal of School Health 84, no. 12 (November 11, 2014): 802–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/josh.12215.
9
Guo, Ziqiu, Sheng Zhi Zhao, Ningyuan Guo, Yongda Wu, Xue Weng, Janet Yuen-Ha Wong, Tai Hing Lam, and Man Ping Wang. "Socioeconomic Disparities in eHealth Literacy and Preventive Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hong Kong: Cross-sectional Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 4 (April 14, 2021): e24577. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/24577.
Анотація:
Background eHealth literacy can potentially facilitate web-based information seeking and taking informed measures. Objective This study aimed to evaluate socioeconomic disparities in eHealth literacy and seeking of web-based information on COVID-19, and their associations with COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Methods The COVID-19 Health Information Survey (CoVHIns), using telephonic (n=500) and web-based surveys (n=1001), was conducted among adults in Hong Kong in April 2020. The Chinese eHealth literacy scale (eHEALS; score range 8-40) was used to measure eHealth literacy. COVID-19 preventive behaviors included wearing surgical masks, wearing fabric masks, washing hands, social distancing, and adding water or bleach to the household drainage system. Adjusted beta coefficients and the slope indices of inequality for the eHEALS score by socioeconomic status, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for seeking of web-based information on COVID-19 by socioeconomic status, and aORs for the high adherence to preventive behaviors by the eHEALS score and seeking of web-based information on COVID-19 were calculated. Results The mean eHEALS score was 26.10 (SD 7.70). Age was inversely associated with the eHEALS score, but education and personal income were positively associated with the eHEALS score and seeking of web-based information on COVID-19 (for all, P for trend<.05). Participants who sought web-based information on COVID-19 showed high adherence to the practice of wearing surgical masks (aOR 1.56, 95% CI 1.15-2.13), washing hands (aOR 1.33, 95% CI 1.05-1.71), social distancing (aOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.14-1.93), and adding water or bleach to the household drainage system (aOR 1.67, 95% CI 1.28-2.18). Those with the highest eHEALS score displayed high adherence to the practice of wearing surgical masks (aOR 3.84, 95% CI 1.63-9.05), washing hands (aOR 4.14, 95% CI 2.46-6.96), social distancing (aOR 2.25, 95% CI 1.39-3.65), and adding water or bleach to the household drainage system (aOR 1.94, 95% CI 1.19-3.16), compared to those with the lowest eHEALS score. Conclusions Chinese adults with a higher socioeconomic status had higher eHealth literacy and sought more web-based information on COVID-19; both these factors were associated with a high adherence to the guidelines for preventive behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic.
10
Freeman, J., M. Ricciardone, R. Sullivan, and V. Vedham. "The Influence of Social Determinants of Health on Primary and Secondary Cancer Prevention Health Seeking Behaviors Among Refugees in Middle East and North Africa Host Countries." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 80s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.21700.
Анотація:
Background: The National Cancer Institute (NCI) recognizes 'cancer health disparities' as adverse differences in cancer incidence, mortality, and burden that exist among specific population groups. Refugee populations often lack access to primary care and health screening or preventive services, leading to late diagnosis, and higher cancer burdens of cancer-related outcomes and mortality. The disproportionate burden of cancer in refugee populations, necessitates research on specific determinants and disparities influencing their cancer care. Ongoing conflicts across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have caused an unprecedented displacement of individuals to host countries. Four countries in the region, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestinian territories, and Turkey, host more than an estimated 3 million refugees collectively. As the region experiences a shift in disease burden to noncommunicable diseases, the health systems of these host countries are placed under increased pressure to manage chronic conditions of refugees, such as cancer. These large-scale displacements in the MENA region present a unique opportunity to better understand the drivers of health disparities with the aim of improving cancer health in refugee populations. Aim: Through application of a Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) framework, this study aims to understand the landscape of health seeking behaviors for cancer prevention among refugees in Jordan, Lebanon, Palestinian territories, and Turkey. This is a first step to inform future research and initiatives around refugee cancer services. Methods: A systematic literature review was completed according to PRISMA standards, with assistance from the NIH Library. A review protocol was developed, and all literature that met eligibility criteria was included. Thematic coding and analysis was then performed to describe observational associations between cancer prevention behaviors and SDOH among refugees. Results: The results reveal patterns in which SDOH directly and indirectly influence the landscape of refugee health seeking behaviors for cancer prevention services in their host countries. The SDOH that most clearly influenced cancer prevention behaviors include health system capacity, navigating host country's health system, delivery of cancer prevention services, acculturation, competing social, health, and financial priorities, and the built environment. These interrelated constructs impact refugees' ability to access and participate in cancer prevention services, as both enabling and inhibit factors. Conclusion: The influence of SDOH on seeking cancer care are important for refugee populations around the world since they are faced with comparable contextual factors that both enable and inhibit health seeking behaviors. Understanding the interplay between the SDOH constructs is pivotal toward developing targeted interventions by host countries to improve cancer prevention behaviors and health outcomes among refugees.
11
Shenkman, Elizabeth, Lise Youngblade, and John Nackashi. "Adolescents’ Preventive Care Experiences Before Entry Into the State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP)." Pediatrics 112, Supplement_E1 (December 1, 2003): e533-e541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.112.se1.e533.
Анотація:
Background. Adolescence has traditionally been thought of as a time of good health. However, adolescents comprise an important group with unique needs among State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) enrollees. Throughout the 1990s, there was increasing evidence of unacceptably high morbidity and mortality among adolescents from injuries, suicide, sexually transmitted diseases, substance abuse, and other conditions associated with risk behaviors. The establishment of relationships with the health care system can ensure prompt treatment and help promote healthy behaviors, assuming that the adolescent feels comfortable seeking help for his or her health-related concerns. However, health care systems typically are not designed to ensure that adolescents receive the primary and preventive care that might ameliorate the negative consequences of health-damaging behaviors. Objectives. The purpose of this study was to examine the following hypotheses. 1) Adolescents with special health care needs, those engaging in risk behaviors, and those who were insured before program enrollment would be more likely than those who were healthy and those not engaging in risk behaviors to have a preventive care visit in the year preceding the interview. No differences would be observed in the odds of preventive care visits based on age, race/ethnicity, and gender. 2) No differences would be observed in the receipt of risk-behavior counseling for those with a preventive care visit based on the adolescents’ sociodemographic and health characteristics. 3) Adolescents who were older would be more likely to engage in risk behaviors than younger adolescents. There would be no differences in reports of risk behaviors based on gender, race/ethnicity, and children with special health care needs status. Methods. Adolescents 12 to 19 years old and newly enrolled in SCHIP were eligible for the study. Telephone interviews were conducted within 3 months after enrollment with parents of adolescents to obtain sociodemographic information and information about the adolescents’ health by using the Children with Special Health Care Needs screener. Interviews also were conducted with the adolescents themselves to obtain information about the adolescents’ risk behaviors and experiences with preventive care before SCHIP enrollment. Results. Interviews were completed with 1872 parents. In addition, a total of 918 interviews were completed with adolescents. Approximately 73% of adolescents reported engaging in at least one risk behavior. Approximately 69% reported having a primary care visit during the last year with 46% of those reporting that the visit was private. Of those reporting a primary care visit, between 41% and 53% reported receiving counseling along 1 of the 5 content dimensions of anticipatory guidance. Older adolescents were more likely to engage in risk behaviors than younger adolescents. Hispanic adolescents were ∼30% less likely than white non-Hispanic adolescents to report engaging in risk behaviors. In terms of having a preventive care visit, adolescents with a special need were twice as likely to have a visit when compared with their healthy counterparts. Hispanics and black non-Hispanics were half as likely to have a preventive care visit (odds ratios of 0.59 and 0.54, respectively) than white non-Hispanics. Those engaging in risk behaviors were almost 50% less likely to report private preventive care visits than those reporting no risk behaviors. Privacy during the preventive care visit was associated with a greater odds of receiving counseling for risk behaviors in general, sexual activity, and emotional health and relationships. Depending on the type of counseling, those with private preventive care visits were 2 to 3 times more likely to receive the counseling than those whose visits were not private. In addition, those engaging in risk behaviors were 1.45 to almost 2 times more likely to receive counseling than those not engaging in any risk behaviors. Conclusions and Implications. Based on our findings, health plans and providers involved in SCHIP are likely to serve adolescents who have had limited opportunities for private preventive care visits and counseling during such visits. The most underserved are likely to be black and Hispanic adolescents who may have had no preventive care at all compared with their white non-Hispanic counterparts. State agencies, health plans, and providers need to follow established guidelines for adolescent health care that emphasize the provision of counseling for risk behaviors for all adolescents, not just those engaging in risk behaviors or those with special health care needs. Moreover, providers need to seek opportunities to ensure privacy for the adolescents during their preventive care visits so that much-needed counseling can be provided. Particular attention needs to be given to adolescents from minority groups to encourage them to seek preventive care.
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Dominic, Rose Ann, Shashidhara Y. N., and Malathi G. Nayak. "HEALTH SEEKING BEHAVIOR OF RURAL ADULTS." Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 03, no. 03 (September 2013): 077–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1703683.
Анотація:
Abstract Background: The knowledge of health seeking behavior is pivotal for prevention, treatment, management of disease and promotion of health. Proper understanding of those health seeking behaviors could reduce delay to diagnosis, improve treatment compliance and improve health promotion strategies in a variety of contexts. Objectives: to assess the health seeking behavior among rural adults towards private and public health care facilities in case of selected health problems, to find the association between health seeking behavior and selected demographic variables. Materials and Methods: A descriptive survey was done among 260 rural adults by using self administered rating scale questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the analysis. Results: Among the 260 samples 28.8% were having positive health seeking behavior towards government health care facilities. Majority of the sample i.e. 71.2% were having negative health seeking behavior towards government health care facilities. There is a significant association between health seeking behavior and demographic variables such as age, education and family income. Conclusion: Majority of the sample prefers to use private health care facilities during the period of their illness. Awareness to be given to the community people regarding availability of public health care facilities.
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Nolen, Erin, and Lisa S. Panisch. "The Relationship between Body Appreciation and Health Behaviors among Women and Adolescent Girls: A Scoping Review." Health & Social Work 47, no. 2 (March 9, 2022): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hsw/hlac006.
Анотація:
Abstract Literature on body image and health behaviors has largely been pathology-based, investigating body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. Body appreciation is a useful construct of positive body image and has been used to understand its relationship with health behaviors beyond eating. This scoping review explores the literature on the relationship between body appreciation and physical health-promoting behaviors and health-compromising behaviors. A comprehensive search of databases was conducted to gather correlational studies written in English between January 2005 and November 2019. Behaviors related to eating and exercise were excluded. Nine quantitative studies met inclusion criteria. Evidence suggests an overall positive relationship between body appreciation and health-promoting behaviors, including preventive sexual health behaviors, preventive cancer behaviors, and seeking medical attention. Alternatively, body appreciation is negatively associated with health-compromising behaviors including risky sexual activity and alcohol and tobacco use. Promoting positive body image, above and beyond the reduction of body dissatisfaction, may play a crucial role in the health and well-being of women and girls. Research that examines positive body image in groups that are racially diverse and include sexual and gender minorities and people without healthcare access is urgently needed.
14
Piroonamornpun, Pittaya, Panita Looareesuwan, Viravarn Luvira, Nantawan Wongchidwon, Piyanan Pakdeewut, Saranath Lawpoolsri, and Benjaluck Phonrat. "Treatment-Seeking Behaviors and Knowledge, Attitude and Practices among Suspected Dengue Adult Patients at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Bangkok, Thailand." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11 (May 30, 2022): 6657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116657.
Анотація:
Dengue infection is a major public health problem in Thailand with an increasing incidence in the adult population. Patients’ knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) with regarding dengue infection have direct influences on treatment-seeking behaviors and clinical outcomes. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the KAP and treatment-seeking behaviors of suspected dengue adult patients attending the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (HTD) in Bangkok, from March 2014 to February 2015. Among 167 participants, the majority of participants (87.9%) were unaware of dengue infection and most of them reported initial self-medication (95.2%). The mean days of fever before attending to the HTD was 4.9 ± 1.7 days. Outpatient cases reported seeking care significantly earlier than inpatient cases (mean: 3.1 days vs. 5.0 days; p < 0.001). The majority of patients believed that dengue infection has a high mortality rate (63%) and must be treated in hospital (91.3%), highlighting the lack of understanding and misperceptions regarding dengue-related knowledge in the general population. Patients who reported recent or current dengue infection in their family or neighborhood sought medical care early and reported good preventive practices. Health education should focus on the adult population to improve awareness of dengue symptoms and promote early treatment-seeking behavior.
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Sanders Thompson, Vetta L., Michael Talley, Nikki Caito, and Matthew Kreuter. "African American Men's Perceptions of Factors Influencing Health-Information Seeking." American Journal of Men's Health 3, no. 1 (July 19, 2007): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988307304630.
Анотація:
The lack of health information is one of several factors implicated in the poor health status of African American men. Although a growing body of research delineates the obstacles to African Americans' engagement in preventive health behaviors, relatively little is known about the barriers that adversely affect men's involvement in health-information seeking. This article presents qualitative data on African American men's information seeking through an analysis of focus group data. Three research questions are addressed: (a) What health-information concerns and needs do African American men have? (b) How do African American men describe their efforts to obtain health information? and (c) What factors facilitate or inhibit health-information seeking by African American men? The implications of the data and suggestions for future research are provided.
16
Roberts, James A., and Meredith E. David. "Improving Predictions of COVID-19 Preventive Behavior: Development of a Sequential Mediation Model." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 3 (March 17, 2021): e23218. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/23218.
Анотація:
Background Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing, self-quarantining, wearing masks, and washing hands have become part of the new norm for many, but not all. It appears that such preventive measures are critical to “flattening the curve” of the spread of COVID-19. The public’s adoption of such behaviors is an essential component in the battle against what has been referred to as the “invisible enemy.” Objective The primary objective of this study was to develop a model for predicting COVID-19 preventive behaviors among US college students. The Health Belief Model has a long history of use and empirical support in predicting preventive health behaviors, but it is not without its purported shortcomings. This study identifies a more optimal and defensible combination of variables to explain preventive behaviors among college students. This segment of the US population is critical in helping slow the spread of COVID-19 because of the relative reluctance of college students to perform the needed behaviors given they do not feel susceptible to or fearful of COVID-19. Methods For this study, 415 US college students were surveyed via Qualtrics and asked to answer questions regarding their fear of COVID-19, information receptivity (seeking relevant information), perceived knowledge of the disease, self-efficacy, and performance of preventive behaviors. The PROCESS macro (Model 6) was used to test our conceptual model, including predictions involving sequential mediation. Results Sequential mediation results show that fear of COVID-19 leads individuals to seek out information regarding the disease, which increases their perceived knowledge and fosters self-efficacy; this is key to driving preventive behaviors. Conclusions Self-imposed preventive measures can drastically impact the rate of infection among populations. Based on this study’s newly created sequential mediation model, communication strategies for encouraging COVID-19 preventive behaviors are offered. It is clear that college students, and very possibly adults of all ages, must have a healthy fear of COVID-19 to set in motion a process where concerned individuals seek out COVID-19–related information, increasing their store of knowledge concerning the disease, their self-efficacy, and ultimately their likelihood of performing the needed preventive behaviors.
17
Go, Eun, and Kyung Han You. "Health-Related Online Information Seeking and Behavioral Outcomes: Fatalism and Self-Efficacy as Mediators." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 46, no. 5 (May 1, 2018): 871–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6501.
Анотація:
We explored the mediation effect of cognitive factors on the relationship between cancer-related online information seeking and cancer-preventative behaviors. Using data obtained from the National Cancer Institute's 2013 Health Information National Trends Survey (N = 2,896), we performed structural equation modeling and demonstrated that online information seeking about cancer did not decrease users' cancer fatalism; however it elevated users' level of self-efficacy. Moreover, the findings show that cancer-related information seeking indirectly influenced cancer-preventative behaviors via self-efficacy, and individuals' level of self-efficacy significantly mediated the association between fatalistic beliefs and cancer-preventative behaviors. The results call for attention to cognitive mediators in explaining the relationship between online information seeking and related behaviors.
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Paul, Gabriel, Judy Lewis, and Bette Gebrian. "Haitian Men’s Health and Health Seeking Behavior." International Journal of Mens Social and Community Health 3, no. 3 (October 30, 2020): e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22374/ijmsch.v3i3.45.
Анотація:
The notion that earlier medical interventions result in better patient outcomes is a widely held assumption in the medical community that is supported by extensive research. However, the decision to seek medical care in a timely manner is complex, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A significant number of deaths in LMICs result from conditions for which effective treatments are available, such as high blood pressure. In Haiti, the greater life expectancy for women compared to men (67 vs. 62) may be par-tially explained by investments into maternal and reproductive services; however, several other factors are likely contributing to this difference. Given the limited research on men’s health and care-seeking behaviors in Haiti, this study was conducted to investigate the factors that influence men’s health-seeking behaviors and overall knowledge of health and disease. The long-term goal of this research is to identify, and implement, effective interventions that promote primary disease prevention by positively influencing the health-seeking behaviors of Haitian men in Jérémie and the Grand’Anse.
MethodsThis study was a cross-sectional survey. A structured questionnaire was used to conduct 115 in-depth inter-views with Haitian men recruited from five churches of different denominations equidistant from Jérémie, Haiti. Questions investigated factors pertaining to socioeconomic status, church involvement, household composition, awareness of family and own health, health-seeking behaviors, and levels of knowledge of health and disease. Each participant had the opportunity to receive a blood pressure reading, and health education sessions were conducted at the conclusion of the study.
ResultsMean age was 48 years, average household size was six, and 48% were married. Sixteen percent of men reported having multiple occupations, with 83% engaging in manual labor. Sixty seven percent reported being the primary decision-makers for health care. Sixty three percent had seen a health care provider in the last year; however, 70% had not sought care when sick due to cost (54%) or perceived severity (35%). Men reported they knew an average of 2.2 illnesses or diseases, with HIV/AIDs (30%) and cancer (30%) being the most common. Fifty eight percent of men thought disease and illness are preventable, and 9% believed early care was required for successful treatment. The preferred method of receiving health care information among men included health care provider (HCP) (33%), hospitals (26%), community health workers (22%), church (18%), and radio (18%). Sixty four percent had their blood pressure taken within the past year, and 32% were told that it was high. Only three of the 25 men, who were told their BP was high, reported HTN as a chronic (long-term) disease. Of the 115 men who received a BP measurement as part of the study, 28% had high blood pressure readings (>130/90).
ConclusionMen in the community of rural Jérémie, Haiti, have limited knowledge of illness and disease, which may stem from insufficient resources being allocated to their health care. The cumulative effect of this may have negatively influenced their understanding of chronic, yet life-threatening, conditions such as high blood pressure. Consequently, a greater emphasis on health education and healthy lifestyle choices could have a substantial impact on not only primary prevention, but early detection and management of diseases as well. Therefore, in order to improve the health of both the men and their family members in this community, novel and targeted approaches to disseminate important health information to these men should be further investigated and readily implemented.
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Champion, Katrina E., Cath Chapman, Matthew Sunderland, Tim Slade, Emma Barrett, Erin Kelly, Lexine Stapinski, Lauren A. Gardner, Maree Teesson, and Nicola C. Newton. "Associations Between Personality Traits and Energy Balance Behaviors in Emerging Adulthood: Cross-Sectional Study." JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 9 (June 15, 2023): e42244. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/42244.
Анотація:
Background Internalizing and externalizing personality traits are robust risk factors for substance use and mental health, and personality-targeted interventions are effective in preventing substance use and mental health problems in youth. However, there is limited evidence for how personality relates to other lifestyle risk factors, such as energy balance–related behaviors, and how this might inform prevention efforts. Objective This study aimed to examine concurrent cross-sectional associations between personality traits (ie, hopelessness, anxiety sensitivity, impulsivity, and sensation seeking) and sleep, diet, physical activity (PA), and sedentary behaviors (SB), 4 of the leading risk factors for chronic disease, among emerging adults. Methods Data were drawn from a cohort of young Australians who completed a web-based, self-report survey in 2019 during early adulthood. A series of Poisson and logistic regressions were conducted to examine the concurrent associations between the risk behaviors (sleep, diet, PA, and sitting and screen time) and personality traits (hopelessness, anxiety sensitivity, impulsivity, and sensation seeking) among emerging adults in Australia. Results A total of 978 participants (mean age 20.4, SD 0.5 years) completed the web-based survey. The results indicated that higher scores on hopelessness were associated with a greater daily screen (risk ratio [RR] 1.12, 95% CI 1.10-1.15) and sitting time (RR 1.05, 95% CI 1.0-1.08). Similarly, higher scores on anxiety sensitivity were associated with a greater screen (RR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.07) and sitting time (RR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.07). Higher impulsivity was associated with greater PA (RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.08-1.21) and screen time (RR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03-1.08). Finally, higher scores on sensation seeking were associated with greater PA (RR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02-1.14) and lower screen time (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.99). Conclusions The results suggest that personality should be considered when designing preventive interventions for lifestyle risk behaviors, particularly in relation to SB, such as sitting and screen time. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12612000026820; https://tinyurl.com/ykwcxspr
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Longanga Diese, Elvis, Eva Baker, Idara Akpan, Rushil Acharya, Amy Raines-Milenkov, Martha Felini, and Arbaz Hussain. "Health information-seeking behavior among Congolese refugees." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (September 9, 2022): e0273650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273650.
Анотація:
Background The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the extent to which Congolese refugees seek health information, to identify and assess the resources used while exercising Health Information-Seeking Behavior (HISB), and to identify individual determinants that affect their HISB. Methodology Building Bridges program participants who resided in Texas between 2017–2020, reported country of origin as Democratic Republic of Congo, and responded to HISB questions were included in this study. Four HISB questions asked about frequency seeking health information, preferred source and perceived trustworthiness of source, and frequency worrying about their health. Associations between HISB and sociodemographic factors (age, gender, education years, years in US, proficiency speaking English, marital status) were tested using Pearson chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests (α≤0.05). Results Most participants (59%) reported seeking health information sometimes. Less than half (44%) of participants identified doctors as their preferred source of health information, Twenty-five percent relied on family, friends, and community leaders, and 23% used media sources. Doctors were identified as the most trustworthy source (71%), family and friends were the second highest trusted source (25%), whereas media sources were the least trusted (4%). Sociodemographic factors age (p = .02), gender (p < .01), and education years (p < .01) were the only significant predictors of preferred information sources. Conversely, those residing in US <5 years were more likely to seek health information more frequently (p = .01). The majority of participants did not worry about their health, and it was not significantly associated with source or frequency of seeking health information. Conclusions The high trust in doctors represents an opportunity for healthcare professionals to educate and address individual barriers contributing to refugees’ underutilization of preventive care services such as routine immunizations and preventive health screenings.
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Klimes-Dougan, Bonnie, David A. Klingbeil, and Sarah J. Meller. "The Impact of Universal Suicide-Prevention Programs on the Help-Seeking Attitudes and Behaviors of Youths." Crisis 34, no. 2 (March 1, 2013): 82–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000178.
Анотація:
Background: While the ultimate goal of adolescent suicide-prevention efforts is to decrease the incidence of death by suicide, a critical intermediary goal is directing youths toward effective sources of assistance. Aim: To comprehensively review the universal prevention literature and examine the effects of universal prevention programs on student’s attitudes and behaviors related to help-seeking. Method: We systematically reviewed studies that assessed help-seeking outcomes including prevention efforts utilizing (1) psychoeducational curricula, (2) gatekeeper training, and (3) public service messaging directed at youths. Of the studies reviewed, 17 studies evaluated the help-seeking outcomes. These studies were identified through a range of sources (e.g., searching online databases, examining references of published articles on suicide prevention). Results: The results of this review suggest that suicide-prevention programming has a limited impact on help-seeking behavior. Although there was some evidence that suicide-prevention programs had a positive impact on students’ help-seeking attitudes and behaviors, there was also evidence of no effects or iatrogenic effects. Sex and risk status were moderators of program effects on students help-seeking. Conclusions: Caution is warranted when considering which suicidal prevention interventions best optimize the intended goals. The impact on adolescents’ help-seeking behavior is a key concern for educators and mental-health professionals.
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Cross, Marie P., and Sarah D. Pressman. "Say cheese? The connections between positive facial expressions in student identification photographs and health care seeking behavior." Journal of Health Psychology 25, no. 13-14 (July 27, 2018): 2511–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105318790066.
Анотація:
This study examined whether positive facial expressions in student identification photographs were connected with a health-relevant behavior: visits to a health care center in the last year for preventive and non-preventive (e.g. illness, injury) purposes. Identification photographs were coded for degree of smile. Smiling participants were more likely to have sought preventive care versus those not smiling in their photographs, but there was no difference in non-preventive (i.e. ill health) visits. This study shows for the first time that smiling in photographs may be related to healthy behavior and complements past work connecting smiling to positive psychosocial and health outcomes.
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Hunter, Jennifer B., Maria Lourdes Fernandez, Charles R. Lacy-Martinez, Andrea M. Dunne-Sosa, and M. Kathryn Coe. "Male Preventive Health Behaviors: Perceptions From Men, Women, and Clinical Staff Along the U.S.—Mexico Border." American Journal of Men's Health 1, no. 4 (May 23, 2007): 242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988306294163.
Анотація:
Mexican American males have higher levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides, higher body mass indexes, and a higher prevalence of diabetes than do non-Hispanic White males. They are the least likely Hispanic subgroup to be insured, to have recently visited a physician, or to have preventive exams. To explore factors related to the use of preventive exams among mature men, and specifically among Mexican American men residing along the Arizona, United States/Sonora, Mexico border, information on barriers and motivating factors to male participation in preventive screening exams was collected. Interviews were conducted with mature men and women from a single border community and with clinical staff from three different border communities who deliver services to similar populations. Responses were triangulated. Common themes identified include health education/information/advertisement and female/family support as motivating factors and machismo/denial/fatalism as a barrier to male health-seeking behavior.
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Kotsalou, Eirini, Evanthia Sakellari, Areti Lagiou, and Evaggelia Kotsalou. "Academic health services and health needs of college students around the era of the Covid-19 pandemic." Medical Science and Discovery 8, no. 4 (April 3, 2021): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.36472/msd.v8i4.505.
Анотація:
Objective: The university medical services vary around the world (even within each university), but there are only a few publications on the utilization of these services by the students. The available on-campus services of public health care might include general health care, women’s centers, mental health care, disability services, wellness resource centers, career counseling, and alcohol and other drug education programs.
Evidence Acquisition: This paper reviews the current literature on the overtime and current (due to Covid-19 pandemic) public health needs of college students based on studies that report the commonest specific diagnostic reasons for using the on-campus health care services.
Results: Special reference is done on mental health problems among students generally and the students of health professions fields (a specific category themselves). Besides, other issues of interest are the substance-related problems among students and their perceptions about mental health problems and on- campus help- seeking services.
Conclusions: It is unanimous that we need further educational and promotional campaigns to enhance the students; help-seeking behaviors, reduce stigmatizing behaviors and create more preventive public health services on campus, but also out-campus due to the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Abraham, Susanna Aba, Dorcas Frempomaa Agyare, Naomi Kyeremaa Yeboa, Akosua Agyeiwaa Owusu-Sarpong, Edward Ssemwanga Banulanzeki, David Teye Doku, and Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah. "The Influence of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Health Seeking Behaviors of Adults Living With Chronic Conditions: A View Through the Health Belief Model." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 14 (January 2023): 215013192311594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21501319231159459.
Анотація:
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in disruption in every facet of life including health service delivery. This has threatened the attainment of global targets to improve health and wellbeing of all persons. In particular, for persons living with chronic diseases, who require consistent monitoring by health professionals and medication to enhance their health, understanding how the pandemic has disruption their access to health care delivery is critical for interventions aimed at improving health service delivery for all as well as preparedness for future pandemic. This study applied the constructs of the Health Belief Model, to explore the influences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health seeking behaviors of persons living with chronic diseases. The design was exploratory descriptive. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data among persons living with chronic diseases in the Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana. Thematic analysis, both inductive and deductive, was conducted to unearth the findings. Awareness of increased susceptibility and risk of a more severe episode if they contracted COVID-19 as a result of the existing chronic diseases was identified. Lack of access to health professionals during the peak of the pandemic as well as the fear of contracting the virus while accessing their regular chronic disease clinic was the main barriers identified. Information in the media served as cues to action for adopting preventive health strategies. Behavior modifications; dietary and lifestyle, self-medication and adoption of COVID-19 related precautions were practiced. Susceptibility to contracting COVID-19 contributed to missed adherence to treatment appointment. The health belief model was a useful framework in exploring the health seeking behavior of the adults living with chronic conditions during the COVID-19 in this study setting. Intensifying targeted education for persons living with chronic diseases will contribute to the adoption of positive health seeking behaviors during future pandemic.
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Oktavianus, Jeffry, Yanqing Sun, and Fangcao Lu. "Understanding Health Information Behaviors of Migrant Domestic Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19 (October 1, 2022): 12549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912549.
Анотація:
Migrant domestic workers (MDWs) in Hong Kong remain vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemic. Obtaining accurate information is essential for MDWs as it helps them understand their predicament and protect themselves. Therefore, this study delves into the MDWs’ health literacy by scrutinizing how they acquire, verify, and respond to pandemic-related information. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 Indonesian MDWs, recruited through purposive and snowball sampling. The data were examined using a constant comparative approach in grounded theory. The findings reveal that the participants engaged in information seeking and scanning to obtain health crisis information, mainly through their friends, family members, and community organizations. The participants also verified the information using their judgment or by consulting other actors, such as local organizations and media outlets. The messages they obtained informed the means to protect themselves, which motivated them to adopt preventive measures. However, some also engaged in maladaptive coping, such as taking ineffective preventive actions. The participants also disseminated health crisis information throughout their social circle. This study concluded that MDWs performed four health information behaviors during the pandemic, namely information acquisition, authentication, sharing, and adoption of preventive measures. However, their information practices may change at different stages of the pandemic.
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Beaudoin, Christopher E., and Traci Hong. "Predictors of COVID-19 Preventive Perceptions and Behaviors Among Millennials: Two Cross-sectional Survey Studies." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 8 (August 12, 2021): e30612. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/30612.
Анотація:
Background COVID-19 preventive perceptions and behaviors, especially among US millennials, are an important means by which the pandemic can be slowed and negative health outcomes can be averted. Objective This manuscript aims to advance knowledge on COVID-19 preventive perceptions and behaviors and their main predictors, including digital health information–seeking behavior (HISB), political party identification, and COVID-19 testing status. Methods Two cross-sectional online surveys of US millennials were conducted from April 10 to 14, 2020 (N=274) (ie, Study 1), and from April 27 to May 7, 2020 (N=1037) (ie, Study 2). In the regression models, dependent variables included preventive behaviors (eg, wearing a face mask and social distancing) as well as four preventive perceptions: severity (ie, a person’s conception of the seriousness of COVID-19), susceptibility (ie, a person’s conception of the likelihood of being infected with COVID-19), self-efficacy (ie, a person’s perception that he or she can wear a face mask and perform social distancing to prevent COVID-19 infection), and response efficacy (ie, a person’s perception of whether wearing a face mask and social distancing can prevent COVID-19 infection). Key independent variables included digital HISB for self, digital HISB for another person, political party identification, and COVID-19 testing status. Results Millennials reported lower levels of perceived susceptibility than the other three preventive perceptions (ie, severity, self-efficacy, and response efficacy), as well as fairly high levels of preventive behaviors. Unlike HISB for another person, digital HISB for self was positively associated with preventive perceptions and behaviors. In Study 1, respondents with higher levels of digital HISB for self had significantly higher perceptions of severity (β=.22, P<.001), self-efficacy (β=.15, P=.02), and response efficacy (β=.25, P<.001) as well as, at nearing significance, higher perceptions of susceptibility (β=.11, P=.07). In Study 2, respondents with higher levels of digital HISB for self had significantly higher perceptions of severity (β=.25, P<.001), susceptibility (β=.14, P<.001), and preventive behaviors (β=.24, P<.001). Preventive behaviors did not vary significantly according to political party identification, but preventive perceptions did. In Study 1, respondents who identified as being more Republican had significantly lower perceptions of self-efficacy (β=−.14, P=.02) and response efficacy (β=−.13, P=.03) and, at nearing significance, lower perceptions of severity (β=−.10, P=.08) and susceptibility (β=−.12, P=.06). In Study 2, respondents who identified as being more Republican had significantly lower perceptions of severity (β=−.08, P=.009). There were mixed effects of COVID-19 testing status on preventive perceptions, with respondents who had tested positive for COVID-19 having significantly higher perceptions of susceptibility in Study 1 (β=.17, P=.006) and significantly lower perceptions of severity in Study 2 (β=−.012, P<.001). Conclusions As the largest and most digitally savvy generation, US millennials saw COVID-19 as a severe threat, but one that they were less susceptible to. For millennials, digital HISB for self, but not for another person, was critical to the development of preventive perceptions and behaviors.
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Zhang, Lianshan, and Shaohai Jiang. "Examining the Role of Information Behavior in Linking Cancer Risk Perception and Cancer Worry to Cancer Fatalism in China: Cross-Sectional Survey Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 26 (May 31, 2024): e49383. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/49383.
Анотація:
Background Reducing cancer fatalism is essential because of its detrimental impact on cancer-related preventive behaviors. However, little is known about factors influencing individuals’ cancer fatalism in China. Objective With a general basis of the extended parallel process model, this study aims to examine how distinct cancer-related mental conditions (risk perception and worry) and different information behaviors (information seeking vs avoidance) become associated with cancer fatalism, with an additional assessment of the moderating effect of information usefulness. Methods Data were drawn from the Health Information National Trends Survey in China, which was conducted in 2017 (N=2358). Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping methods were performed to test a moderated mediation model and hypothesized relationships. Results The results showed that cancer risk perception and cancer worry were positively associated with online health information seeking. In addition, cancer worry was positively related to cancer information avoidance. Moreover, online health information seeking was found to reduce cancer fatalism, while cancer information avoidance was positively associated with cancer fatalism. The results also indicated that the perceived usefulness of cancer information moderated this dual-mediation pathway. Conclusions The national survey data indicate that cancer mental conditions should not be treated as homogeneous entities, given their varying functions and effects. Apart from disseminating useful cancer information to encourage individuals to adaptively cope with cancer threats, we advocate for health communication programs to reduce cancer information avoidance to alleviate fatalistic beliefs about cancer prevention.
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Huang, Jinye, Wujiong Ren, Shiwen Wang, Yifan Zhou, and Ya Yang. "Positive Emotion and Media Dependence: Measuring Risk Information Seeking and Perception in the COVID-19 Pandemic Prevention." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 60 (January 2023): 004695802311597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00469580231159747.
Анотація:
Risk perception and information seeking behaviors are affected by individual psychological and situational factors. In the background of COVID-19 prevailing for a long period, this study examined Chinese people’s information seeking and processing behavior by the RISP model, which focused on the impact of individual risk perception, affective response, perceived information-gathering capacity, and media trust and the impact of the above factors on information seeking. This study designed an online survey with gender and age quotas among the Chinese population, including a total of 675 valid samples. It was found that the Chinese public’s risk perception to pandemic had a positive effect on perceived information-gathering capacity and media trust. Furthermore, both positive emotional responses and negative emotional responses had a positive effect on information seeking behavior. Nurturing positive emotion engendered a holistic perception in pandemic information seeking. In addition, media trust, perceived information-gathering capacity, and subjective norms also positively impact information seeking behavior.
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Jung, Gordon W., Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan, and Thomas G. Salopek. "Likelihood of Dermatology Patients to Inquire about Sun Protection Measures during a Regular Clinic Visit." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 15, no. 5 (September 2011): 266–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7750.2011.10054.
Анотація:
Background: Health information-seeking behavior refers to ways individuals acquire health information. Few studies demonstrate its association with skin cancer. Objectives: To determine the likelihood of patients to inquire about sun protection methods from dermatologists and whether such knowledge will affect their preventive behaviors. Methods: Over a 2-month period, 396 dermatology patients completed a survey assessing their sun awareness knowledge and inquiry about sun protection measures. Features associated with increased skin cancer risk were correlated with patients' inquiry about sun protection information and their future intentions to practice safe sun behavior. Results: One in seven patients (13.8%) inquired about sun protection measures. Patients with features known to be associated with increased skin cancer risk infrequently inquired about sun protection methods (4.5–23.8%). Post–physician counseling, patients with previous sun awareness education had a greater intention to use sunscreen routinely (41.4% vs 28.3%, p = .01), avoid the sun (31.2% vs 18.2%, p = .004), and wear sun-protective clothing (32.5% vs 23.2%., p = .05). Conclusion: Patients' desire for medical information from physicians does not translate efficiently into seeking sun awareness information from dermatologists. Dermatologists should play a greater proactive role in skin cancer prevention through initiation of regular personalized discussions on sun awareness issues.
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Chinweuba, Anthonia Ukamaka, Noreen Ebelechukwu Agbapuonwu, JaneLovena Enuma Onyiapat, Chidimma Egbichi Israel, Clementine Ifeyinwa Ilo, and Joyce Chinenye Arinze. "Determinants of Malaria Prevention and Treatment Seeking Behaviours of Pregnant Undergraduates Resident in University Hostels, South-East Nigeria." Journal of Pregnancy 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3653874.
Анотація:
This cross-sectional descriptive survey investigated determinants of malaria prevention and treatment seeking behaviours of pregnant undergraduates resident in university hostels, South-East Nigeria. Purposive sampling was used to enrol 121 accessible and consenting undergraduates with self-revealed and noticeable pregnancy residing in twenty-three female hostels of four university campuses in Enugu State, Nigeria. Structured interview guide developed based on reviewed literature and WHO-recommended malaria prevention and treatment measures was used to collect students’ self-report data on malaria preventive health behaviours, sick role behaviours, and clinic use using mixed methods. The WHO-recommended malaria prevention measures were sparingly used. Some believed that pregnancy does not play any role in a woman’s reaction to malaria infection. Only 41 (50.6%) visited a hospital for screening and treatment. Thirty-four (28.1%) used antimalaria medicine bought from chemist shop or over-the-counter medicines, while 33 (27.3%) used untreated net. The students were more likely to complete their antimalaria medicine when they were sick with malaria infection than for prevention (p=0.0186). Knowledge, academic schedule, cultural influence on perception and decision-making, and accessibility of health facility were key determinants of the women’s preventive and treatment seeking behaviours. Health education on malaria prevention and dangers of drug abuse should form part of orientation lectures for all freshmen. University health centres should be upgraded to provide basic antenatal care services.
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Smith, Kyle T., Denise Monti, Nageen Mir, Ellen Peters, Renuka Tipirneni, and Mary C. Politi. "Access Is Necessary but Not Sufficient: Factors Influencing Delay and Avoidance of Health Care Services." MDM Policy & Practice 3, no. 1 (January 2018): 238146831876029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2381468318760298.
Анотація:
Background: Despite recently expanded access to health insurance, consumers still face barriers to using their coverage to obtain needed health care. Objective: To examine the characteristics of those who delay or avoid health care due to costs. Methods: Participants were recruited via Amazon MTurk and completed a survey assessing demographic characteristics, financial toxicity, health care minimizer-maximizer tendencies, health insurance knowledge, numeracy, delaying/avoiding any care, and delaying/avoiding six common health care services (three preventive and three nonpreventive services). Validated measures were used when available. Delay/avoidance behaviors were categorized into delaying/avoiding any care, preventive care, and nonpreventive care. Logistic regression models examined 1) financial toxicity, 2) minimizer-maximizer tendencies, 3) numeracy, 4) health insurance knowledge, and 5) knowledge of preventive care coverage separately on three forms of delay/avoidance behaviors, controlling for chronic conditions, insurance status, and/or income where appropriate. Results: Of 518 respondents, 470 did not fail attention-check questions and were used in analyses. Forty-five percent of respondents reported delaying/avoiding care due to cost. Multivariable analyses found that financial toxicity was related to delaying/avoiding any care (odds ratio [OR] = 0.884, P < 0.001), preventive care (OR = 0.906, P < 0.001), and nonpreventive care (OR = 0.901, P < 0.001). A tendency to minimize seeking health care (OR = 0.734, P < 0.001) and lower subjective numeracy (OR = 0.794, P = 0.023) were related to delaying/avoiding any care. General health insurance knowledge (OR = 0.989, P = 0.023) and knowledge of preventive care coverage (OR = 0.422, P < 0.001) were related to delaying/avoiding preventive care. Conclusions: Many people delay or avoid health care due to costs, even when insured. Results suggest that there may be different reasons individuals delay or avoid preventive and nonpreventive care. Findings may inform interventions to educate consumers and support discussions about health care costs to facilitate appropriate health care utilization.
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Park, T., I. Ju, J. Ohs, A. Hinsley, and J. Muzumdar. "EPH35 Information Seeking and Preventive Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Value in Health 25, no. 7 (July 2022): S441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2022.04.788.
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Kalankesh, Leila R., Ehsan Mohammadian, Mahdi Ghalandari, Abbas Delpasand, and Hossain Aghayari. "Health Information Seeking Behavior (HISB) among the University Students." Frontiers in Health Informatics 8, no. 1 (July 8, 2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30699/fhi.v8i1.189.
Анотація:
Introduction: Understanding the information seeking behavior of individuals, especially students who are more likely to seek health information than other people, can be seen as an opportunity to provide resources to improve lifestyle or prevent possible health threatening behaviors among students. The main objective of this research is to determine the HISB among students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (TUOMS).Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at TUOMS among students in 2017 through using simple random sampling method.Results: The results showed that most of the students had experience of searching information about prevention of illness (47.8%) and general health knowledge (45.1%). The common outcomes of accessing health information by students were their decision to visit the physician (68.2%) and relieving their concern about their condition or illness (60.2%).Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that most students are searching for information on diet, physical activity and physical health.
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Bonnicksen, Andrea L. "Book Reviews: Leichter - Free To Be Foolish: Politics and Health Promotion in the United States and Great BritainHoward M. Leichter Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991, 281 pp. US$35.00 cloth. ISBN 0-691-07867-X. Princeton University Press, 41 William St., Princeton, NJ 08540, USA." Politics and the Life Sciences 11, no. 2 (August 1992): 290–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0730938400015410.
Анотація:
PrécisThe author is Professor of Political Science at Linfield College and Clinical Professor of Public Health and Preventive Medicine at Oregon Health Science University. In this book he traces a recent and “important shift in the debate over how people can maximize their chances of staying healthy” (p.7). Populations in both the United States and Great Britain for most of the century have regarded equitable access to health care as the basis for individual health. Within the last two decades, however, assumptions have shifted. Health is now thought to be a preventive exercise to be secured by reducing dangerous and foolish behaviors. In seeking to regulate dangerous behaviors of citizens, policymakers confront deeply seated values of individualism and choice.Leichter advances the thesis that policies that regulate life-styles are fundamentally different from other health policies. As a consequence, a distinct framework for evaluation is necessary, which he presents and elaborates upon throughout the book. He uses historical experiences in two countries—the United States and Great Britain—to develop and refine his thesis.Following historical overviews of the two health revolutions (access to health care and personal life-style monitoring), Leichter deals with four areas in which governments have sought to limit individual activities: smoking, alcohol control, road safety, and behaviors relating to AIDS. In his final chapter he evaluates “when and under what circumstances [it is] appropriate for the state to intervene in life-style decisions” (p. 31). This literate book is supplemented by four figures and thirteen tables.
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Basu, Archana, Hannah H. Kim, Rebecca Basaldua, Karmel W. Choi, Lily Charron, Nora Kelsall, Sonia Hernandez-Diaz, Diego F. Wyszynski, and Karestan C. Koenen. "A cross-national study of factors associated with women’s perinatal mental health and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 21, 2021): e0249780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249780.
Анотація:
Pregnant and postpartum women face unique challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic that may put them at elevated risk of mental health problems. However, few large-scale and no cross-national studies have been conducted to date that investigate modifiable pandemic-related behavioral or cognitive factors that may influence mental health in this vulnerable group. This international study sought to identify and measure the associations between pandemic-related information seeking, worries, and prevention behaviors on perinatal mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. An anonymous, online, cross-sectional survey of pregnant and postpartum women was conducted in 64 countries between May 26, 2020 and June 13, 2020. The survey, available in twelve languages, was hosted on the Pregistry platform for COVID-19 studies (https://corona.pregistry.com) and advertised in social media channels and online parenting forums. Participants completed measures on demographics, COVID-19 exposure and worries, information seeking, COVID-19 prevention behaviors, and mental health symptoms including posttraumatic stress via the IES-6, anxiety/depression via the PHQ-4, and loneliness via the UCLA-3. Of the 6,894 participants, substantial proportions of women scored at or above the cut-offs for elevated posttraumatic stress (2,979 [43%]), anxiety/depression (2,138 [31%], and loneliness (3,691 [53%]). Information seeking from any source (e.g., social media, news, talking to others) five or more times per day was associated with more than twice the odds of elevated posttraumatic stress and anxiety/depression, in adjusted models. A majority of women (86%) reported being somewhat or very worried about COVID-19. The most commonly reported worries were related to pregnancy and delivery, including family being unable to visit after delivery (59%), the baby contracting COVID-19 (59%), lack of a support person during delivery (55%), and COVID-19 causing changes to the delivery plan (41%). Greater worries related to children (i.e., inadequate childcare, their infection risk) and missing medical appointments were associated with significantly higher odds of posttraumatic stress, anxiety/depression and loneliness. Engaging in hygiene-related COVID-19 prevention behaviors (face mask-wearing, washing hands, disinfecting surfaces) were not related to mental health symptoms or loneliness. Elevated posttraumatic stress, anxiety/depression, and loneliness are highly prevalent in pregnant and postpartum women across 64 countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Excessive information seeking and worries related to children and medical care are associated with elevated symptoms, whereas engaging in hygiene-related preventive measures were not. In addition to screening and monitoring mental health symptoms, addressing excessive information seeking and women’s worries about access to medical care and their children’s well-being, and developing strategies to target loneliness (e.g., online support groups) should be part of intervention efforts for perinatal women. Public health campaigns and medical care systems need to explicitly address the impact of COVID-19 related stressors on mental health in perinatal women, as prevention of viral exposure itself does not mitigate the pandemic’s mental health impact.
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Chen, Stephanie Yu-ching. "Self-Care and Medical Treatment-Seeking Behaviors of Older Adults in Rural Areas of Taiwan: Coping With Low Literacy." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 41, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272684x20908846.
Анотація:
This study focused on ascertaining the effects of low literacy on the self-care and medical treatment-seeking behaviors of older adults. A qualitative research method was adopted in this study wherein a semistructured questionnaire was used to conduct one-on-one interviews with 35 older adults with a primary school education or less who lived in rural areas of Taiwan. The results indicated that low literacy was an evident limitation to their range of activities, and the assistance of family members was required for medical treatment seeking and medication administration. The low self-esteem attributable to low literacy had a negative influence on doctor–patient communication. Older adults had a lower awareness of illnesses and their severity, and this insufficient health literacy resulted in delayed medical treatment. In addition, older adults rarely took the initiative to receive preventive services. This study suggests integrating literacy and health education program for older adults with low literacy.
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Piotrowski, A., and E. Ewa Sygit-Kowalkowska. "Sleep disorders among prison officers in Poland." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2101.
Анотація:
Introduction Workplace conditions have a documented effect on employee health including sleep. Occupational stress and burnout are more frequent among penitentiary personnel than the general population. Objectives The aim of the current study was to examine the phenomenon of insomnia and its relationship with occupational burnout in a sample of Polish prison officers. Methods The study was carried out on a sample of Polish prison officers using the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE), and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI). Results showed that the Polish prison officers exhibited early symptoms of insomnia. Sleep disorders had a significant role in developing occupational burnout. Coping strategies such as help-seeking and engagement were revealed to have a mediating role in the relationship between insomnia and occupational burnout dimensions. The coping strategy of help-seeking was the only predictor of insomnia. Conclusions The results can constitute a significant argument for health promotion campaigns highlighting sleep hygiene directed at penitentiary personnel. A research model created for the purposes of future studies would allow for measuring the frequency of health behaviors, including the general category of preventive behaviors. The study warrants continuation. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Szlyk, Hannah, and Jia Tan. "The Role of Technology and the Continuum of Care for Youth Suicidality: Systematic Review." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 10 (October 9, 2020): e18672. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18672.
Анотація:
Background Youth suicide is a global public health issue, and using technology is one strategy to increase participation in preventive interventions. However, there is minimal knowledge on how technology-enhanced interventions for youth correspond to the stages of care, from illness or risk recognition to treatment follow-up. Objective This systematic review aims to examine the efficacy of technology-enhanced youth suicide prevention and interventions across the continuum of care. Methods Four electronic databases were searched up to spring 2019 for youth suicide preventive interventions that used technology. The review was not restricted by study design and eligible studies could report outcomes on suicidality or related behaviors, such as formal treatment initiation. An adapted version of the Methodological Quality Ratings Scale was used to assess study quality. Results A total of 26 studies were identified. The findings support the emerging efficacy of technology-enhanced interventions, including a decline in suicidality and an increase in proactive behaviors. However, evidence suggests that there are gaps in the continuum of care and recent study samples do not represent the diverse identities of vulnerable youth. Conclusions The majority of identified studies were conducted in school settings and were universal interventions that aligned with the illness and risk recognition and help-seeking stages of the continuum of care. This field could be strengthened by having future studies target the stages of assessment and treatment initiation, include diverse youth demographics, and examine the varying roles of providers and technological components in emerging interventions.
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Martinez, Edson Zangiacomi, Thais Zanin Morigi, Guilherme Galdino, Willi McFarland, and Miriane Lucindo Zucoloto. "Sex-seeking mobile application use and risk behavior among men who have sex with men in Brazil." International Journal of STD & AIDS 31, no. 12 (September 11, 2020): 1161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462420945940.
Анотація:
This is a cross-sectional study based on an open web survey with the primary objective to assess associations between the use of apps for seeking sex partners and vulnerabilities related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Brazil. Participants were recruited to the study through ads posted in social media such as Twitter, Facebook, and WhatsApp. Consenting respondents completed a questionnaire on demographics, history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and risk behaviors and perceptions, including calculation of the Risk Behavior Score for HIV infection proposed by Rocha et al. Among the 859 participants, 714 (83.1%) reported they used apps for seeking sex partners. Use of apps for seeking sex partners was associated with high-risk behavior for HIV infection, self-reported syphilis, self-perception of HIV risk, and use of marijuana. The use of apps for seeking sex partners has rapidly become the norm for MSM in Brazil. The associations with STIs and risk behaviors should be seen as an opening to improve public health, presenting opportunities to promote knowledge, safer sex practices, and referral to HIV/STI screening and prevention interventions.
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Bhatt, Bindu, and Janak P. Joshi. "Knowledge, Awareness and Perception on Malaria in Tribal Regions of Vadodara District, Gujarat (India)." Journal of Health Management 21, no. 3 (September 2019): 406–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972063419868580.
Анотація:
Malaria affects health and general well-being of many people in the developing world. In India also, malaria is a major public health problem. It continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in many tropical regions of the world, despite global efforts to eradicate the disease. To achieve the targets of reducing malaria prevalence and preventing malaria epidemic, it is essential to have active community participation. Therefore, clear understanding of the Knowledge, Awareness and Perception (KAPs) of a particular community can help in framing the policy of prevention and promotion of any malaria control measure. In this context, the decision makers in the health sector are recognizing the importance of community’s KAPs on malaria and, thus, is gaining stimulus as one of the methods for malaria control. KAPs, however, play an important role in the improvement of health and health-seeking behaviour of a disease-burdened group. This study, therefore, investigates a local community’s KAPs on malaria in tribal areas of Vadodara District. The KAP investigates the community’s understanding of malaria transmission, their recognition of signs and symptoms, their treatment-seeking behaviours and community preventive measures and practices.
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Sharma, Pranjl, Surinder Pal Singh, Anurag Chaudhary, Amninder Kaur, Sarit Sharma, Sangeeta Girdhar, Mahesh Satija, et al. "Healthcare Seeking Behaviour of Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients During Second Wave in Tertiary Care Hospital of Northern India." Indian Journal of Community Health 35, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i01.019.
Анотація:
Background: The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic continues its deadly reign all over the world. Devising effective strategies for detecting and controlling the infection has become ever more critical. Effective prevention and control of the pandemic is entirely dependent on human behavior in terms of practicing preventive and curative measures. During the second wave of COVID-19, people’s perceptions of preventive and curative measures changed. Objective: To study healthcare-seeking behavior of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Methods: Hospitalized patients due to COVID-19 in the month of March, April and May of 2021 were included in the study. Their attendants/close relatives were contacted telephonically to know about the admitted patients’ healthcare-seeking behavior. Verbal consent was taken from attendants before the commencement of the interview, followed by informing them about the purpose of the interview. Results: Amongst the subjects, there were more males than females (67.5 vs 32.4%), age ranged between 18 to 88 with a mean value of 56.61 ± 14.7 years. Self-medication was significantly associated with study subjects’ mortality (p=0.03). Conclusion: Elderly people were having higher mortality rate than their younger counterparts. People were hesitant to visit primary care physicians after having symptoms of COVID-19.
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Jin, Kai, Lis Neubeck, Fung Koo, Ding Ding, and Janice Gullick. "Understanding Prevention and Management of Coronary Heart Disease Among Chinese Immigrants and Their Family Carers: A Socioecological Approach." Journal of Transcultural Nursing 31, no. 3 (July 3, 2019): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043659619859059.
Анотація:
Introduction: Health disparities among immigrants exist across socioecological domains. While Chinese immigrants face increased risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) after migration, the reasons are not well understood. Method: This descriptive qualitative study collected 18 semistructured interviews with Chinese immigrants with CHD and family carers from two Australian hospitals. Analysis was guided by the social–ecological model. Results: Poor knowledge and limited English proficiency increased CHD risk and difficulty navigating health care systems/resources. Interpersonal and family factors positively influenced health-seeking behaviors, acceptance of cardiac procedures, adoption of secondary preventive behaviors and information acquisition through social networks. A lack of culturally specific health information and programs in Chinese languages was described. Ethnic concordance between Chinese doctors and patients improved health literacy and engendered trust. Discussion: Culturally specific interventions could include health promotion materials in Chinese, inclusion of family in educational programs, and Chinese-focused public health campaigns about warning signs of heart attack.
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FIGUEIREDO, Diana V., Paula VAGOS, Ana GANHO-ÁVILA, Maria DO CÉU SALVADOR, Luiza NOBRE-LIMA, and Daniel RIJO. "What explains social anxiety in adolescents with Social Anxiety Disorder and healthy controls? The applicability of the Clark and Wells’ model." Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 15–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/jebp.2023.1.2.
Анотація:
Clark and Wells’ model for social anxiety proposed several maintenance factors for social anxiety (SA), which is assumed to exist in a continuum from normative to pathological levels (i.e., Social Anxiety Disorder – SAD). Based on these premises, we used a cross-sectional design to investigate pathways linking those maintenance factors to SA, in adolescents (Mage = 16.02, SD = .97) with SAD (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 23), who filled in self-report questionnaires about those variables. Separate moderation models were tested using the same dependent variable (i.e., SA) and different independent variables (i.e., Negative Social Thoughts and Beliefs, Self-focused Attention, and Safety-seeking Behaviors); group was the moderating variable. All variables were significant predictors of SA, explaining between 80% (i.e., Self-focused Attention) and 83% (i.e., Safety-seeking Behaviors and Negative Social Thoughts and Beliefs) of its variance. Group was never a significant moderator. These results favor Clark and Wells’ model for explaining SA along its continuum. The pervasiveness of negative cognitions, safety-seeking behaviors, and self-focused attention in adolescents with SAD seems to contribute to a more disrupting experience of SA. As such, addressing these maintenance factors may be useful, as a preventive and remedial approach to SA in adolescence.
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Sinha, Jayati, and Nuket Serin. "Online Health Information Seeking and Preventative Health Actions: Cross-Generational Online Survey Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 26 (March 11, 2024): e48977. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/48977.
Анотація:
Background The popularity of online health information seeking (OHIS) has increased significantly owing to its accessibility and affordability. To facilitate better health management, it is essential to comprehend the generational differences in OHIS behavior and preventative health actions after seeking online health information (OHI). Objective This study investigates the variations in OHIS and engagement in preventative health actions between 2 generations based on their technology use (digital natives [aged 18-42 years] and digital immigrants [aged ≥43 years]). Additionally, this research explores the mediating role of OHIS types on the generational effect on preventative health actions and the moderating role of OHI search frequency, gender, and the presence of chronic diseases on the generational effect on OHIS types and preventative health actions. Methods A preregistered online survey was conducted on the Prolific online data collection platform using stratified sampling of 2 generations (digital natives and digital immigrants) from the United States in November 2023. Overall, 3 types of OHIS were collected: health wellness information search, health guidance information search, and health management information search. A 1-way analysis of covariance tested the generational differences in types of OHIS and preventative health actions, and a 2-way analysis of covariance tested the moderating role of OHIS search frequency, gender, and the presence of chronic diseases using 7 control variables. The PROCESS Macro Model 4 was used to conduct mediation analyses, testing OHI search types as mediators. Linear regression analyses tested age as a predictor of OHIS and preventative health actions. Results The analysis of 1137 responses revealed generational differences in OHIS. Digital natives searched for health wellness information more frequently (P<.001), whereas digital immigrants searched for health guidance (P<.001) and health management information (P=.001) more frequently. There were no significant differences between the 2 generations regarding preventative health actions (P=.85). Moreover, all 3 types of OHIS mediated the relationship between generational differences and preventative health actions. Furthermore, as people aged, they searched for significantly less health wellness information (P<.001) and more health guidance (P<.001), and health management information (P=.003). Age was not a significant predictor of preventative health actions (P=.48). The frequency of OHI searches did not moderate the effect of generations on OHIS types and preventative health actions. Gender only moderated the relationship between generation and health guidance information search (P=.02), and chronic diseases only moderated the relationship between generation and health wellness information search (P=.03). Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to explore how 2 digital generations vary in terms of searching for OHI and preventative health behaviors. As the older adult population grows, it is crucial to understand their OHIS behavior and how they engage in preventative health actions to enhance their quality of life.
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Montiel, Corentin, Arnaud Duhoux, Gilles Tremblay, Raymond Villeneuve, Jacques Roy, Brigitte Lavoie, and Janie Houle. "Psychological Distress and Help-Seeking Facilitators in Quebec Men." International Journal of Mens Social and Community Health 5, no. 1 (February 12, 2022): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22374/ijmsch.v5i1.57.
Анотація:
IntroductionIt has been well established that men are not inclined to seek psychosocial help. Although barriers preventing psychosocial help-seeking behaviors in men have been extensively documented, few studies have investigated perceived facilitators and preferences involved in these behaviors.MethodsBased on an online survey of 2095 Quebec men, this descriptive study explores men’s psychological distress and help-seeking behaviors, perceptions of effective facilitators of help-seeking behaviors, and psychosocial intervention preferences.ResultsAbout 30% of the men surveyed presented some form of psychological distress, and very few had used psy-chosocial services in the last year. Most men did not have a preference regarding the gender of their therapist, although they reported favoring solution-focused interventions and appreciating a continuity in the therapeutic relationship. Men also highly rated the importance of free or low-cost services to facilitate help-seeking behaviors. Finally, they indicated a high probability of consulting, if their doctor would tell them to, or if they noticed that their situation affected on their children, or if they experienced suicidal ideation.DiscussionUnderstanding what encourages men to seek help for mental health difficulties and their preferences in services and intervention may lead to greater service use and improved mental health.
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Grosskopf, Nicholas A., Jenine K. Harris, Barbara C. Wallace, and Jose E. Nanin. "Online Sex-Seeking Behaviors of Men Who Have Sex With Men in New York City." American Journal of Men's Health 5, no. 5 (August 26, 2010): 378–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988310372801.
Анотація:
The ongoing HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) in New York City and the increased use of Internet sexual social networking websites by MSM fosters a need to understand the characteristics and sex-related behaviors of this group. The authors conducted an online survey of 195 MSM who use sexual social networking websites in New York City. Demographic characteristics, sexual sensation seeking, and HIV optimism–skepticism were compared among participants reporting sex with and without condom use (safe sex and high-risk sex, respectively) with partners met online. There was no difference in income, education, race, or employment status between the groups. The groups differed significantly in age, sexual sensation seeking, and HIV optimism–skepticism. In a multivariate logistic regression both HIV optimism–skepticism ( p < .05) and sexual sensation seeking ( p < .05) were significant predictors of high-risk sexual behavior (pseudo- R2 = .24). This information should be considered when developing interventions for this group. For example, to reach those with high sexual sensation seeking, public health professionals should design sex-positive prevention messages for online distribution that highlight safer sex without condemning risky sexual practices.
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Li, Ming, Shixi Zhao, Yu-Yu Hsiao, Oi-Man Kwok, Tung-Sung Tseng, and Lei-Shih Chen. "Factors Influencing Family Health History Collection among Young Adults: A Structural Equation Modeling." Genes 13, no. 4 (March 29, 2022): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13040612.
Анотація:
Family health history (FHH) can serve as an entry point for preventive medicine by providing risk estimations for many common health conditions. College is a critical time for young adults to begin to understand the value of FHH collection, and to establish healthy behaviors to prevent FHH-related diseases. This study seeks to develop an integrated theoretical framework to examine FHH collection behavior and associated factors among college students. A sample of 2670 college students with an average age of 21.1 years completed a web-based survey. Less than half (49.8%) reported actively seeking FHH information from their family members. Respondents’ knowledge about FHH were generally low. Structural equation modeling findings suggested an adequate model fit between our survey data and the proposed integrated theoretical framework. Respondents who were members of racial/ethnic minority groups exhibited higher levels of anxiety and intention to obtain FHH information but had lower confidence in their ability to gather FHH information than non-Hispanic White respondents. Therefore, educational programs designed to enhance the level of young adults’ FHH knowledge, efficacy, and behavior in FHH collection, and change subjective norms are critically needed in the future, especially for these who are members of racial/ethnic minority groups.
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Tairou, Fassiatou, Saira Nawaz, Marc Christian Tahita, Samantha Herrera, Babacar Faye, and Roger C. K. Tine. "Malaria prevention knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among adolescents living in an area of persistent transmission in Senegal: Results from a cross-sectional study." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): e0274656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274656.
Анотація:
Introduction While malaria morbidity has sharply declined in several areas in Senegal, it remains an important problem in the southern part of the country, particularly among adolescents. Understanding adolescents’ knowledge, attitudes, prevention and care-seeking practices is important to inform more targeted interventions aimed at optimizing adolescents’ uptake of malaria prevention and control measures. This study assessed malaria-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among adolescents living in a highly persistent transmission area in Senegal. Methods A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 391 adolescents living in the Saraya health district. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select households. An electronic questionnaire developed on Open Data Kit (ODK), was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, household assets, adolescents’ knowledge of malaria, as well as their attitudes with regards to malaria prevention, and care-seeking behaviors. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess factors associated with adolescents’ KAP towards malaria. Results Nearly, one-third of the participants had good knowledge of malaria (34.4%) and good practice in regards to malaria preventive measures (32.8%) while 59.0% had a positive attitude and 73.8% had good care-seeking behavior regarding malaria. Multivariate analysis revealed that a primary (aOR = 5.43, p = 0.002) or secondary level of education (aOR = 10.41, p = 0.000) was associated with good knowledge of malaria transmission, signs, and prevention measures. Male individuals had lower knowledge compared to female ones (aOR = 0.40, p = 0.001). Individuals belonging to households from the highest wealth quintile were more likely to have a positive attitude towards malaria compared to those from households in the lowest wealth quintile (aOR = 3.49, p = 0.004). The odds of positive attitude towards malaria decreased among participants with koranic and primary education level, respectively (aOR = 0.14, p = 0.005) and (aOR = 0.24, p = 0.019). A positive attitude was 1.89 more likely to be (aOR = 1.89, p = 0.026) associated with good practice of prevention measures compared to adolescents who demonstrated negative attitudes. Individuals from households in the fourth (aOR = 0.42, p = 0.024), middle (aOR = 0.34, P = 0.005), and second (aOR = 0.42, p = 0.027) wealth quintiles were less likely to use malaria prevention measures compared to those from households in the highest wealth quintile. Conclusion The study revealed that adolescents, generally have poor levels of malaria knowledge and low uptake of malaria prevention and control interventions. Targeted interventions for high-risk adolescents are needed, that focus on improving their knowledge of the disease and effective preventive measures, and on increasing their access to health care services and LLINs.
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Orbolato, Rafael, Rômulo Araújo Fernandes, Bruna Camilo Turi, Monique Yndawe Castanho-Araujo, Carolina Rodrigues Bortolatto, Kelly Akemi Kikuti Koyama, Luana Carolina de Morais, and Jamile Sanches Codogno. "Mudanças na atividade física de lazer, locomoção e tempo de televisão entre homens e mulheres usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde em uma cidade de médio porte: seguimento de 18 meses." Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance 20, no. 1 (March 14, 2018): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2018v20n1p20.
Анотація:
Given the importance of physical activity for health promotion and for the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases, the Unified Health System (SUS) has changed its strategy of action in the last decades, trying to adopt preventive activities, seeking better quality of life of the Brazilian population and reduce costs with treatment of diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns in users of the Brazilian National Unified Health System during 18 months and the impact of sex and time on such variables. One hundred and ninety-eight participants (58 men and 140 women) were evaluated. Physical activity level was assessed using the Baecke questionnaire. Men had higher scores in all physical activity variables compared to women: walking (p-value = 0.013), cycling (p-value = 0.001) and commuting (p-value= 0.007), but not for TV watching (p-value = 0.362). After 18 months, in the overall sample, walking score increased 25.9% (95%CI = 10.6 to 41.1), but not cycling (1.5% [95%CI = -2.7 to 5.7]), commuting (14.4% [95%CI = -0.4 to 29.3]) and TV watching (1.6% [95%CI = -5.7 to 9.1]). Men were usually more active than women in active behaviors, but not in TV watching. However, differences over time were similar between sexes.