Статті в журналах: "Prevention liver cancer"

1

Guyton, Kathryn Z., and Thomas W. Kensler. "Prevention of liver cancer." Current Opinion in Oncology 9, no. 5 (September 1997): 492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001622-199709050-00016.

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Guyton, Kathryn Z., and Thomas W. Kensler. "Prevention of liver cancer." Current Oncology Reports 4, no. 6 (December 2002): 464–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11912-002-0057-4.

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3

Nishino, Hoyoku, Michiaki Murakoshi, and Yoshiko Satomi. "Health Promotion by Antioxidants." Functional Foods in Health and Disease 1, no. 12 (December 30, 2011): 574. http://dx.doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v1i12.105.

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Background: Various antioxidnats from daily foods are expected to prevent lifestyle-related diseases. For example, natural carotenoid beta-cryptoxanthin seems to be a promising antioxidant, and based upon epidemiological data it was shown to be a possible cancer preventing agent. For this reason, we chose to study beta-cryptoxanthin more extensively.Methods and Results: From the result of clinical trial using beta-cryptoxanthin-enriched Mandarin orange juice, it was proven to potentiate the preventive activity of multi-carotenoid mixture against liver cancer in the patients with chronic viral hepatitis-induced liver cirrhosis. Furthermore, beta-cryptoxanthin also has preventive activity against alcohol-induced gamma-GTP elevation, and obesity.Conclusion: An antioxidant beta -cryptoxanthin seems to be valuable for health promotion.Key words: beta-Cryptoxanthin, Health promotion, Liver cancer prevention, Prevention of alcohol-induced gamma-GTP elevation, Prevention of obesity.

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4

Kudo, Masatoshi. "Prevention of Recurrence of Liver Cancer." Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 97, no. 7 (2008): 1681–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.97.1681.

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5

Key, Timothy J., Arthur Schatzkin, Walter C. Willett, Naomi E. Allen, Elizabeth A. Spencer, and Ruth C. Travis. "Diet, nutrition and the prevention of cancer." Public Health Nutrition 7, no. 1a (February 2004): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2003588.

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AbstractObjective:To assess the epidemiological evidence on diet and cancer and make public health recommendations.Design:Review of published studies, concentrating on recent systematic reviews, meta-analyses and large prospective studies.Conclusions and recommendations:Overweight/obesity increases the risk for cancers of the oesophagus (adenocarcinoma), colorectum, breast (postmenopausal), endometrium and kidney; body weight should be maintained in the body mass index range of 18.5–25?kg/m2, and weight gain in adulthood avoided. Alcohol causes cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, oesophagus and liver, and a small increase in the risk for breast cancer; if consumed, alcohol intake should not exceed 2?units/d. Aflatoxin in foods causes liver cancer, although its importance in the absence of hepatitis virus infections is not clear; exposure to aflatoxin in foods should be minimised. Chinese-style salted fish increases the risk for nasopharyngeal cancer, particularly if eaten during childhood, and should be eaten only in moderation. Fruits and vegetables probably reduce the risk for cancers of the oral cavity, oesophagus, stomach and colorectum, and diets should include at least 400?g/d of total fruits and vegetables. Preserved meat and red meat probably increase the risk for colorectal cancer; if eaten, consumption of these foods should be moderate. Salt preserved foods and high salt intake probably increase the risk for stomach cancer; overall consumption of salt preserved foods and salt should be moderate. Very hot drinks and foods probably increase the risk for cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx and oesophagus; drinks and foods should not be consumed when they are scalding hot. Physical activity, the main determinant of energy expenditure, reduces the risk for colorectal cancer and probably reduces the risk for breast cancer; regular physical activity should be taken.

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Nan, Yuemin, Xiaoyuan Xu, Yanhang Gao, Rongqi Wang, Wengang Li, Ming Yang, Lingdi Liu, et al. "Consensus on the secondary prevention of primary liver cancer." Hepatology International 15, no. 6 (November 30, 2021): 1289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12072-021-10259-7.

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AbstractTo standardize the effective prevention, surveillance, and diagnosis of primary liver cancer, the Chinese Society of Hepatology, Chinese Medical Association, invited clinical experts and methodologists to develop the Consensus on the Secondary Prevention of Primary Liver Cancer, which was based on the clinical and scientific advances on hepatocellular carcinoma. The purpose is to provide a current basis for the prevention, surveillance, and early diagnosis of primary liver cancer in patients with chronic liver diseases.

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7

Zuckerman, Arie J. "Prevention of Primary Liver Cancer by Immunization." New England Journal of Medicine 336, no. 26 (June 26, 1997): 1906–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm199706263362610.

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8

Kensler, Thomas W., Geng-Sun Qian, Jian-Guo Chen, and John D. Groopman. "Translational strategies for cancer prevention in liver." Nature Reviews Cancer 3, no. 5 (May 2003): 321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrc1076.

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9

Ramprasath, Vanu Ramkumar, and Atif B. Awad. "Role of Phytosterols in Cancer Prevention and Treatment." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 98, no. 3 (May 1, 2015): 735–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.sgeramprasath.

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Abstract Plant sterols or phytosterols have been shown to be effective in improving blood lipid profile and thereby protective against cardiovascular disease. In addition to their cardioprotective effects, phytosterols have gained more insight for their protective effect against various forms of cancer. Phytosterols have been reported to alleviate cancers of breast, prostate, lung, liver, stomach and ovary. Reductions in growth of various cancer cells including liver, prostate and breast by phytosterols treatment have been demonstrated. Although exact mechanisms of phytosterols for their anticancer effects are not very well delineated, there have been several mechanisms proposed such as inhibition of carcinogen production, cancer cell growth and multiplication, invasion and metastasis and induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Other mechanisms including reduction of angiogenesis, invasion and adhesion of cancer cells and production of reactive oxygen species have also been suggested. However, cancer therapy using phytosterol formulations have yet to be designed, largely due to the gap in the literature with regards to mode of action. Furthermore, most of the studies on anticancer effects of phytosterols were conducted in vitro and animal studies and need to be confirmed in humans.

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10

Li, William W., Vincent W. Li, Michelle Hutnik, and Albert S. Chiou. "Tumor Angiogenesis as a Target for Dietary Cancer Prevention." Journal of Oncology 2012 (2012): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/879623.

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Between 2000 and 2050, the number of new cancer patients diagnosed annually is expected to double, with an accompanying increase in treatment costs of more than $80 billion over just the next decade. Efficacious strategies for cancer prevention will therefore be vital for improving patients' quality of life and reducing healthcare costs. Judah Folkman first proposed antiangiogenesis as a strategy for preventing dormant microtumors from progressing to invasive cancer. Although antiangiogenic drugs are now available for many advanced malignancies (colorectal, lung, breast, kidney, liver, brain, thyroid, neuroendocrine, multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndrome), cost and toxicity considerations preclude their broad use for cancer prevention. Potent antiangiogenic molecules have now been identified in dietary sources, suggesting that a rationally designed antiangiogenic diet could provide a safe, widely available, and novel strategy for preventing cancer. This paper presents the scientific, epidemiologic, and clinical evidence supporting the role of an antiangiogenic diet for cancer prevention.

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11

Tarallo, Phyllis A. "Developing a Women's Health Cancer Prevention Program in a Liver Transplant Center." Clinical Scholars Review 5, no. 1 (April 2012): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1939-2095.5.1.39.

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been detected in 90% of cervical cancers. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer found in women in developed countries and the second most common in underdeveloped countries. People that undergo organ transplant have a high risk of developing other malignancies, depending on the duration and strength of immunosuppressive therapy. This article presents development and implementation of a women's health cancer prevention program in a liver transplant center.

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12

Barnard, R. James. "Prevention of Cancer Through Lifestyle Changes." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 1, no. 3 (2004): 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/neh036.

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the USA and an abundance of evidence suggests that lifestyle factors including smoking, the typical high-fat, refined-sugar diet and physical inactivity account for the majority of cancer. This review focuses on diet and inactivity as major factors for cancer promotion by inducing insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Elevated levels of serum insulin impact on the liver primarily, increasing the production of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) while reducing the production of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) resulting in stimulation of tumor cell growth and inhibition of apoptosis (programmed cell death). Adopting a diet low in fat and high in fiber-rich starch foods, which would also include an abundance of antioxidants, combined with regular aerobic exercise might control insulin resistance, reduce the resulting serum factors and thus reduce the risk for many different cancers commonly seen in the USA.

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13

MORIWAKI, HISATAKA. "Prevention of crisis of liver cancer by retinoid." Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 88, no. 8 (1999): 1548–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.88.1548.

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14

Bjelakovic, G., D. Nikolova, R. G. Simonetti, and C. Gluud. "243 Antioxidant supplements for prevention of liver cancer." Journal of Hepatology 44 (April 2006): S97—S98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-8278(06)80244-8.

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15

Prince, Alfred M. "Prevention of Liver Cancer and Cirrhosis by Vaccines." Clinics in Laboratory Medicine 16, no. 2 (June 1996): 493–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0272-2712(18)30281-6.

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16

Katz, Lior H., Vivek Shukla, Sara Peleg, Kirti Shetty, Jian Chen, Steven Curley, Powel H. Brown, and Lopa Mishra. "303 Vitamin D for Prevention of Liver Cancer." Gastroenterology 144, no. 5 (May 2013): S—942—S—943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(13)63505-2.

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17

Moriwaki, Hisataka. "Prevention of liver cancer: basic and clinical aspects." Experimental & Molecular Medicine 34, no. 5 (November 2002): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/emm.2002.45.

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18

Nasrin Jafari and Roya Dolatkhah. "Molecular epidemiology of liver cancer: Liver cancer incidence and mortality pattern worldwide." International Journal of Life Science Research Archive 1, no. 1 (August 30, 2021): 018–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2021.1.1.0046.

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Primary liver cancer was the sixth most prevalent cancer and third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The highest rates of incidence and mortality were reported in Eastern Asia and it was 2 to 3 times more common than females in most regions. The summary estimates of the global trends in incidence rates of liver cancer indicated decreasing trends in many Asian high-risk countries, however increasing trends for North American and European countries. Understanding the several involved cells signaling pathways in liver cancer pathogenesis provide an opportunity to identify novel targets that can be utilized for therapeutic and diagnostic modalities. At this time there are only a few effective strategies to prevent or treat liver cancer, and, therefore, a great deal of research is being conducted on liver cancer early detection and prevention. There are no widely recommended screening tests for liver cancer in people who are at average risk at this time. But, testing might be recommended for some people at higher risk. However researchers are studying ways to prevent or treat hepatitis infections before they cause liver cancers. Research into developing a vaccine to prevent hepatitis C is ongoing. Since population-based methods for screening the disease have not been introduced, the greatest focus should be placed on the predominant risk factors for the disease in older men, further studies should be conducted and high-risk provinces should be spotlighted.

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19

Godfrey, Timian M., Edgar A. Villavicencio, Kimberly Barra, Priscilla R. Sanderson, Kimberly Shea, Xiaoxiao Sun, and David O. Garcia. "Advancing Liver Cancer Prevention for American Indian Populations in Arizona: An Integrative Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 6 (March 10, 2022): 3268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063268.

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Liver cancer is a highly fatal condition disproportionately impacting American Indian populations. A thorough understanding of the existing literature is needed to inform region-specific liver cancer prevention efforts for American Indian people. This integrative review explores extant literature relevant to liver cancer in American Indian populations in Arizona and identifies factors of structural inequality affecting these groups. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines informed the methodology, and a literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycInfo for articles including Arizona American Indian adults and liver disease outcomes. Seven articles met the inclusion criteria in the final review. Five of the studies used an observational study design with secondary analysis. One article used a quasiexperimental approach, and another employed a community-engagement method resulting in policy change. The results revealed a lack of empirical evidence on liver cancer prevention, treatment, and health interventions for American Indian populations in Arizona. Research is needed to evaluate the high rates of liver disease and cancer to inform culturally relevant interventions for liver cancer prevention. Community-engaged research that addresses structural inequality is a promising approach to improve inequities in liver cancer for American Indian people.

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Jenkins, Christopher N. H., Chau Buu, Wendy Berger, and Do T. Son. "Liver carcinoma prevention among Asian Pacific Islanders." Cancer 91, S1 (January 1, 2001): 252–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(20010101)91:1+<252::aid-cncr14>3.0.co;2-y.

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21

Holmes, G. Alden, Joseph Soo, and Sharon E. Jacob. "Current Knowledge on Skin Cancer Prevention in Liver Transplant Recipients." Progress in Transplantation 28, no. 4 (September 24, 2018): 376–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1526924818800038.

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The improved survival of liver transplant recipients (LTRs) has been accompanied by a concomitant rise in long-term liver transplantation complications, including skin cancer. A recent study found that the prevalence of skin cancer among LTRs is 13.5%, a rate equivalent to that observed among kidney transplant recipients. Given the morbidity associated with skin cancer in LTRs, an individualized, multidisciplinary approach to skin cancer prevention that incorporates patient education, encourages consistent use of primary prevention methods, and ensures routine dermatologic screening should be universally adopted in this population. Chemopreventative measures should be considered in LTRs with a high skin cancer burden. Furthermore, additional studies should be performed in order to systematize these recommendations.

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22

Mohiuddin, Abdul Kader. "Complementary and Alternative Treatments for Cancer Prevention and Cure [Part 1]." Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics 3, no. 2 (November 19, 2019): 01–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2640-1053/058.

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Many lay people along with some so called “key opinion leaders” have a common slogan “There's no answer for cancer”. Again, mistake delays proper treatment and make situation worse, more often. Compliance is crucial to obtain optimal health outcomes, such as cure or improvement in QoL. Patients may delay treatment or fail to seek care because of high out-of- pocket expenditures. Despite phenomenal development, conventional therapy falls short in cancer management. There are two major hurdles in anticancer drug development: dose-limiting toxic side effects that reduce either drug effectiveness or the QoL of patients and complicated drug development processes that are costly and time consuming. Cancer patients are increasingly seeking out alternative medicine and might be reluctant to disclose its use to their oncology treatment physicians. But there is limited available information on patterns of utilization and efficacy of alternative medicine for patients with cancer. As adjuvant therapy, many traditional medicines shown efficacy against brain, head and neck, skin, breast, liver, pancreas, kidney, bladder, prostate, colon and blood cancers. The literature reviews non-pharmacological interventions used against cancer, published trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

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Kachuri, L., P. De, LF Ellison, and R. Semenciw. "Cancer incidence, mortality and survival trends in Canada, 1970–2007." Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada 33, no. 2 (March 2013): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.33.2.03.

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Introduction Monitoring cancer trends can help evaluate progress in cancer control while reinforcing prevention activities. This analysis examines long-term trends for selected cancers in Canada using data from national databases. Methods Annual changes in trends for age-standardized incidence and mortality rates between 1970 and 2007 were examined by sex for 1) all cancers combined, 2) the four most common cancers (prostate, breast, lung, colorectal) and 3) cancers that demonstrate the most recent notable changes in trend. Five-year relative survival for 1992–2007 was also calculated. Results Incidence rates for all primary cancer cases combined increased 0.9% per year in males and 0.8% per year in females over the study period, with varying degrees of increase for melanoma, thyroid, liver, prostate, kidney, colorectal, lung, breast, and bladder cancers and decrease for larynx, oral, stomach and cervical cancers. Mortality rates were characterized by significant declines for all cancers combined and for most cancers examined except for melanoma and female lung cancer. The largest improvements in cancer survival were for prostate, liver, colorectal and kidney cancers. While the overall trends in mortality rates and survival point to notable successes in cancer control, the increasing trend in incidence rates for some cancers emphasize the need for continued efforts in prevention.

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Arora, Sharma, and Tollefsbol. "Combinatorial Epigenetics Impact of Polyphenols and Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 18 (September 14, 2019): 4567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184567.

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Polyphenols are potent micronutrients that can be found in large quantities in various food sources and spices. These compounds, also known as phenolics due to their phenolic structure, play a vital nutrient-based role in the prevention of various diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, liver disease, and cancers. However, the function of polyphenols in disease prevention and therapy depends on their dietary consumption and biological properties. According to American Cancer Society statistics, there will be an expected rise of 23.6 million new cancer cases by 2030. Due to the severity of the increased risk, it is important to evaluate various preventive measures associated with cancer. Relatively recently, numerous studies have indicated that various dietary polyphenols and phytochemicals possess properties of modifying epigenetic mechanisms that modulate gene expression resulting in regulation of cancer. These polyphenols and phytochemicals, when administrated in a dose-dependent and combinatorial-based manner, can have an enhanced effect on epigenetic changes, which play a crucial role in cancer prevention and therapy. Hence, this review will focus on the mechanisms of combined polyphenols and phytochemicals that can impact various epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation and histone modifications as well as regulation of non-coding miRNAs expression for treatment and prevention of various types of cancer.

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25

Chao, Xiaojuan, Hui Qian, Shaogui Wang, Sam Fulte, and Wen-Xing Ding. "Autophagy and liver cancer." Clinical and Molecular Hepatology 26, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 606–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2020.0169.

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Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process that degrades cytosolic proteins and organelles via formation of autophagosomes that fuse with lysosomes to form autolysosomes, whereby autophagic cargos are degraded. Numerous studies have demonstrated that autophagy plays a critical role in the regulation of liver physiology and homeostasis, and impaired autophagy leads to the pathogenesis of various liver diseases such as viral hepatitis, alcohol associated liver diseases (AALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD), and liver cancer. Recent evidence indicates that autophagy may play a dual role in liver cancer: inhibiting early tumor initiation while promoting progression and malignancy of already formed liver tumors. In this review, we summarized the progress of current understanding of how hepatic viral infection, alcohol consumption and diet-induced fatty liver diseases impair hepatic autophagy. We also discussed how impaired autophagy promotes liver tumorigenesis, and paradoxically how autophagy is required to promote the malignancy and progression of liver cancer. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying how autophagy differentially affects liver cancer development and progression may help to design better therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment of liver cancer.

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Yu, SHUN-ZHANG, GONG Chen, XIAO-LIN Zhi, and JIONG Li. "PRIMARY LIVER CANCER : NATURAL TOXINS AND PREVENTION IN CHINA." Journal of Toxicological Sciences 23, SupplementII (1998): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2131/jts.23.supplementii_143.

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27

Smigel, K. "Liver Cancer Researchers Linking Risk Factors to Prevention, Genetics." JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 84, no. 21 (November 4, 1992): 1619–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.21.1619.

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Moriwaki, H. "Prevention of liver cancer: current strategies and future perspectives." International Journal of Clinical Oncology 7, no. 1 (February 2002): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101470200002.

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Hong, Y. Alicia, Soo Yee, Pramita Bagchi, Hee-soon Juon, Sojung Claire Kim, and Daisy Le. "Social media-based intervention to promote HBV screening and liver cancer prevention among Korean Americans: Results of a pilot study." DIGITAL HEALTH 8 (January 2022): 205520762210762. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20552076221076257.

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Objective In United States, Asian Americans are 10 times more likely to have hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection than Whites. Asian immigrants with limited English proficiency face extra barriers to HBV screening and many are unaware of the infectious status. This study aimed to evaluate a social media-based intervention to promote HBV screening and liver cancer prevention among Korean Americans (KA) with limited English proficiency. Methods Our community-academia partnership developed the “Lets talk about liver cancer” mHealth program by adapting a CDC media campaign. The program consisted of culturally tailored short video clips and pictorial messages and was delivered over 4 weeks to the participants via the popular Korean social media app, Kakao Talk. A total 100 KA living in greater Washington DC metropolitan were recruited via social media networks and completed this pre-post pilot study. Results Out of the 100 participants of KA, 56 were female, mean age was 60, and most have lived in the U.S. for more than 20 years, 84% had limited English proficiency, and 21% had a family history of HBV infection or liver cancer. After 4-week intervention, 95% completed the follow-up survey. Participants reported significant improvements in HBV-related knowledge, liver cancer prevention knowledge, perceived benefits of HBV testing, perceived risks of HBV infection, injunctive norms of HBV testing, and self-efficacy of HBV testing. Conclusions The Kakao Talk-based liver cancer prevention program for KAs was feasible and effective. We advocate for community-academia partnership to develop and implement culturally appropriate and social media-based interventions for underserved immigrants.

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Masuzaki, Ryota, and Masao Omata. "Editorial. Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma." Infection International 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ii-2017-0002.

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Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth common cancer in the world, showing the third highest cancer related mortality. The prognosis of HCC patients depends not only on tumor stage but also on the background liver function reservoir. Effective treatments for HCC include percutaneous ablation, surgical resection and liver transplantation. Although short-term prognosis of HCC patients has been much improved recently due to advances in early diagnosis and treatment, long-term prognosis is as yet far from satisfactory as indicated by the overall survival at 10 years after apparently curative treatment of only 22%-35%. Primary prevention aims to evade the tumor development with health measures that prevent people from exposure to known risk factors like hepatitis viruses or alcohol, or attenuating liver disease progression to HCC. While secondary prevention aims to diagnose HCC at an early, potentially curable stage, tertiary prevention aims to reduce the risk of HCC recurrence after curative treatment. In this article we focus on prevention of HCC and the new advance in this field.

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Crespo, María, Magdalena Leiva, and Guadalupe Sabio. "Circadian Clock and Liver Cancer." Cancers 13, no. 14 (July 20, 2021): 3631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13143631.

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Circadian clocks control several homeostatic processes in mammals through internal molecular mechanisms. Chronic perturbation of circadian rhythms is associated with metabolic diseases and increased cancer risk, including liver cancer. The hepatic physiology follows a daily rhythm, driven by clock genes that control the expression of several proteins involved in distinct metabolic pathways. Alteration of the liver clock results in metabolic disorders, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) and impaired glucose metabolism, that can trigger the activation of oncogenic pathways, inducing spontaneous hepatocarcinoma (HCC). In this review, we provide an overview of the role of the liver clock in the metabolic and oncogenic changes that lead to HCC and discuss new potentially useful targets for prevention and management of HCC.

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Feher, Janos, and Gabriella Lengyel. "Silymarin in the Prevention and Treatment of Liver Diseases and Primary Liver Cancer." Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920112798868818.

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Adamson, E., N. Yussf, and E. Schreiber. "Using Liver Cancer Prevention Messages to Scale up the Diagnosis and Treatment of People Living With Hepatitis B." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 132s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.32800.

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Background and context: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major public health issue in Australia, affecting an estimated 238,000 people. If not appropriately managed, chronic hepatitis B infection can cause cirrhosis and liver cancer. Liver cancer has the fastest increasing incidence rate of all cancers in Australia, and its survival is among the lowest. To reduce the burden of liver cancer, more people with CHB need to be diagnosed and treated. The majority of people living in Australia with CHB (61%) were born overseas, and research indicates people have low levels of understanding about hepatitis B, and its link to liver cancer. Cancer Council Victoria developed several communication campaigns to increase testing and diagnosis for hepatitis B in the Vietnamese and south Sudanese communities living in Victoria. Aim: •To raise awareness about hepatitis B and the link to liver cancer in the Vietnamese and south Sudanese community •To increase understanding about diagnosis, vaccination and management •To mobilize the community to talk to their trusted GP about hepatitis and to be tested. Strategy/Tactics: The campaign strategy was designed to address the knowledge barriers to testing for these two communities. To inform the strategy, qualitative focus groups and community interviews were used to identify perceptions of hepatitis B and liver cancer, as well as the barriers and motivators to testing. Both communities identified their local doctor as a trusted source of health information. Two media campaigns were developed featuring a known doctor from each community. An additional campaign was tailored specifically for young south Sudanese people using hip hop music as method of disseminating key messages about liver cancer prevention. Program/Policy process: The campaigns were designed by the Screening, Early Detection and Immunization Team at Cancer in Council Victoria, Australia. Outcomes: Digital metrics and face to face interviews with community members, nurses and doctors were used to assess the impact of the campaigns. Evaluation results also indicated people did visit their doctor to talk about hepatitis B. The success in motivating people to see their doctor was attributed to the campaigns featuring a message about liver cancer being caused by hepatitis B, and it being led by a known and respected doctor from their own community. What was learned: Cancer organizations can target liver cancer prevention efforts to · increase awareness about liver cancer and hepatitis B in at risk communities; · motivate at risk people to visit their doctor for hepatitis B testing, vaccination and treatment by linking the prevention of liver cancer to hepatitis treatment; · tailor communications to the specific needs of different culturally diverse communities; · collaborate closely with communities from culturally diverse backgrounds to ensure campaign messages and calls to action are culturally appropriate.

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Milner, J. A. "Strategies for cancer prevention: the role of diet." British Journal of Nutrition 87, S2 (May 2002): S265—S272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn/2002547.

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Linkages between diet habits and cancer risk have surfaced from a multitude of epidemiological and preclinical studies. Collectively these studies provide rather compelling evidence that dietary components modify the incidence and biological behavior of tumors. While the risk of breast, prostate, colon, lung and liver cancers are frequently associated with dietary patterns, inconsistencies are not uncommon. These inconsistencies likely reflect the multi-factorial and complex nature of cancer and the specificity that individual dietary constituents have in modifying cancer related genetic pathways. The complexity of defining the role of diet is underscored by the numerous and diverse essential and non-essential components that may alter one or more phases of the cancer process. The explosive increase in the recognition of genes and pathways for regulating cell growth and development, and evaluating the response to hormones and other chemicals synthesized by the body, offers exciting opportunities for unraveling the molecular targets by which dietary components influence cancer prevention. It is recognized that all cells have unique ‘signatures’ that are characterized by active and inactive genes and cellular products. It is certainly plausible that bridging knowledge about these unique cellular characteristics with the molecular targets for nutrients can be used to assist in optimizing nutrition and minimizing cancer risk.

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35

Sugarbaker, Paul H. "Colorectal Cancer: Prevention and Management of Metastatic Disease." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/782890.

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This paper compared the similarities and differences of the two most common types of colorectal cancer metastases. The treatment of liver metastases by surgery combined with systemic chemotherapy was explained. The different natural history of liver metastases as compared to peritoneal metastases and the possibility for prevention of peritoneal metastases were emphasized. Perioperative cancer chemotherapy or second-look surgery must be considered as individualized treatments of selected patients who have small volume peritoneal metastases or who are known to be at risk for subsequent disease progression on peritoneal surfaces. However, the fact that peritoneal metastases, when diagnosed in the follow-up of colorectal cancer patients, can be cured with a combination of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic perioperative chemotherapy cannot be ignored. Careful follow-up and timely intervention in colorectal cancer patients with progressive disease are a necessary part of the management strategies recommended by the multidisciplinary team. After a critical evaluation of the data currently available, these strategies for prevention and management of colorectal metastases are presented as the author’s recommendations for a high standard of care. As more information becomes available, modifications may be necessary.

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Reyzis, A. R. "Ursodeoxycholic acid and cancer prevention." Medical Council, no. 14 (October 11, 2019): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-14-39-43.

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Along with the great progress in the fight against malignant neoplasms through the improvement of surgical care and the development of chemotherapy, the search for strategies and opportunities to prevent cancer is becoming increasingly important and promising. Early detection and rational treatment of chronic precancerous diseases must be a priority. In this regard, the possible role of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA, ursosan, etc.) has been closely studied in recent years. An overview of the role of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in the prevention of cancer is presented. The pathogenetic basis of this action is the proven normalizing effect of UDCA on bile acid metabolism, microbiome condition and apoptosis. The paper summarizes the latest data on the ability of UDCA to withstand malignization in the liver, throughout the gastrointestinal tract and beyond. These numerous experimental and clinical studies allow us to assert that UDCA drugs, except for the well-known and versatile hepatoprotective effect, can be considered as effective and promising means of cancer prevention throughout the digestive tract and associated organs. Further research into the broad spectrum of UDCA’s ability to prevent gastrointestinal malignization and beyond is reasonable and promising.

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Keizman, D., N. Maimon, M. Ish-Shalom, D. Buchbut, M. Inbar, B. Klein, J. Bernheim, et al. "An animal model for chemotherapy-associated steatohepatitis (CASH) and its prevention by the oral administration of fatty acid bile acid conjugate (FABAC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 4098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.4098.

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4098 Background: Preoperative chemotherapy (irinotecan and oxaliplatin), used in patients undergoing hepatic resection of colorectal liver metastases, is associated with the development of CASH. This hepatic injury increases the risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality. An animal model for CASH has not yet been described. Fatty acid bile acid conjugates (FABACs) are novel synthetic lipid molecules that were shown to prevent the formation of diet induced fatty liver. The present study was designed to establish an animal model of CASH and to use it to study the effect of FABAC on its occurrence. Methods: C57B1/6 mice were given different doses of intraperitoneally injected oxaliplatin and irinotecan. Once weekly administered oxaliplatin at a dose of 6mg/m2 for a total dose of 24mg/ m2, was best tolerated and most consistently associated with CASH in comparison to higher doses of oxaliplatin or different irinotecan regimens. Thus it was chosen as the induction model for CASH. Subsequently, 32 mice were divided into a control group (no treatment, n=6), oxaliplatin group (n=14), and a CASH prevention group (n=12) treated by oxaliplatin and C20-FABAC (arachidyl-amido-cholanoic acid) at a dose of 150 mg/kg/day administered by gavage. The animals were sacrificed after 28 days. Their livers were homogenized and analyzed for fat content (measured as mg lipid/g liver tissue). Results: There were no significant differences in animal or liver weights between the groups. Liver fat content, was significantly lower (P<0.0001) among the control (51.63 mg/g) and prevention (62.13 mg/g) groups versus the oxaliplatin group (95.35 mg/g). The difference between the control and prevention groups was not significant. To the best of our knowledge this is the first description of a model and a potential preventive treatment for CASH. Conclusions: C57B1/6 mice treated by intraperitoneal injection of weekly oxaliplatin at a dose of 6mg/m2 for a total of 24mg/m2, can be used as a model for CASH. Oral FABAC therapy reduces the development of chemotherapy associated steatohepatitis in animals treated with oxaliplatin. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Ahmad, Mohammad, Anuradha Mishra, Afreen Usmani, and Md Parwez Ahmad. "Dietary Agents and Phytochemicals in the Prevention and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Review Article." Med Phoenix 2, no. 1 (October 13, 2017): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/medphoenix.v2i1.18388.

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Amongst all types of primary liver cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest form of liver cancer in the world. Cancer chemoprevention using dietary supplements and phytochemicals has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Numerous study reports suggest the role of phytochemicals and dietary compounds in the prevention and treatment of liver cancer. Certain dietary agents and related phytochemicals present in grapes, pomegranate, vegetables, beans, turmeric, soy, rice bran, and fish oils are reported to have chemopreventive potentials against hepatocellular carcinoma. Phytochemicals such as Carotenoids, Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), Curcumin, Resveratrol, Rutoside, Quercetin, Chrysin and Silibinin have possible therapeutic importance in tumor suppression during the initial phases of carcinogenesis. Many phytochemicals which are still under investigation lack the scientific data in support of anticancer properties of these compounds rather than anti-oxidant mechanism. So, emphasis should be given on the investigation of plausible molecular mechanism behind anticancer activity. This review summarizes the use of these dietary agents and phytochemicals in the treatment and prevention of HCC and also highlights the mechanisms responsible for their effects.Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 52-62

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Grabarek, Beniamin Oskar, Dariusz Boroń, Emilia Morawiec, Piotr Michalski, Veronica Palazzo-Michalska, Łukasz Pach, Barbara Dziuk, Magdalena Świder, and Nikola Zmarzły. "Crosstalk between Statins and Cancer Prevention and Therapy: An Update." Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 12 (November 25, 2021): 1220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14121220.

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The importance of statins in cancer has been discussed in many studies. They are known for their anticancer properties against solid tumors of the liver or lung, as well as diffuse cancers, such as multiple myeloma or leukemia. Currently, the most commonly used statins are simvastatin, rosuvastatin and atorvastatin. The anti-tumor activity of statins is largely related to their ability to induce apoptosis by targeting cancer cells with high selectivity. Statins are also involved in the regulation of the histone acetylation level, the disturbance of which can lead to abnormal activity of genes involved in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. As a result, tumor growth and its invasion may be promoted, which is associated with a poor prognosis. High levels of histone deacetylases are observed in many cancers; therefore, one of the therapeutic strategies is to use their inhibitors. Combining statins with histone deacetylase inhibitors can induce a synergistic anticancer effect.

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Zhou, Yue, Ya Li, Tong Zhou, Jie Zheng, Sha Li, and Hua-Bin Li. "Dietary Natural Products for Prevention and Treatment of Liver Cancer." Nutrients 8, no. 3 (March 10, 2016): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8030156.

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Blumberg, Baruch S. "Primary and secondary prevention of liver cancer caused by HBV." Frontiers in Bioscience S2, no. 2 (2010): 756–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/s98.

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Djouder, Nabil. "Boosting NAD+ for the prevention and treatment of liver cancer." Molecular & Cellular Oncology 2, no. 4 (February 3, 2015): e1001199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23723556.2014.1001199.

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La Vecchia, Carlo. "Cancer and liver cancer prevention: Is it a fact or just a potential?" Hepatology 48, no. 1 (July 2008): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.22309.

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Chen, Jian-Guo, Jian Zhu, Yong-Hui Zhang, Yong-Sheng Chen, Jian-Hua Lu, Yuan-Rong Zhu, Hai-Zhen Chen, et al. "Liver cancer mortality over six decades in an epidemic area: what we have learned." PeerJ 9 (February 3, 2021): e10600. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10600.

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Background and aims: Liver cancer is one of the most dominant malignant tumors in the world. The trends of liver cancer mortality over the past six decades have been tracked in the epidemic region of Qidong, China. Using epidemiological tools, we explore the dynamic changes in age-standardized rates to characterize important aspects of liver cancer etiology and prevention. Methods Mortality data of liver cancer in Qidong from 1958 to 1971 (death retrospective survey) and from 1972 to 2017 (cancer registration) were tabulated for the crude rate (CR), and age-standardized rate and age-birth cohorts. The average annual percentage change was calculated by the Joinpoint Regression Program. Results The natural death rate during 1958–2017 decreased from 9‰ to 5.4‰ and then increased to 8‰ as the population aged; cancer mortality rates rose continuously from 57/105 to 240/105. Liver cancer mortality increased from 20/105 to 80/105, and then dropped to less than 52/105 in 2017. Liver cancer deaths in 1972–2017 accounted for 30.53% of all cancers, with a CR of 60.48/105, age-standardized rate China (ASRC) of 34.78/105, and ASRW (world) of 45.71/105. Other key features were the CR for males and females of 91.86/105 and 29.92/105, respectively, with a sex ratio of 3.07:1. Period analysis showed that the ASRs for mortality of the age groups under 54 years old had a significant decreasing trend. Importantly, birth cohort analysis showed that the mortality rate of liver cancer in 40–44, 35–39, 30–34, 25–29, 20–24, 15–19 years cohort decreased considerably, but the rates in 70–74, and 75+ increased. Conclusions The crude mortality rate of liver cancer in Qidong has experienced trends from lower to higher levels, and from continued increase at a high plateau to most recently a gradual decline, and a change greatest in younger people. Many years of comprehensive prevention and intervention measures have influenced the decline of the liver cancer epidemic in this area. The reduction of intake levels of aflatoxin might be one of the most significant factors as evidenced by the dramatic decline of exposure biomarkers in this population during the past three decades.

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Ryu, Dong-Hee, Yu-Mi Lee, Ji Mi Park, Won Young Tak, and Nam-Soo Hong. "Examining Liver Cancer Patients and a High-Risk Group in a Vulnerable Area: An Experience from the Ulleung Liver Cancer Prevention and Management Project." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (October 23, 2020): 7757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217757.

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Ulleung county is a small island on the eastern side of the Korean peninsula. The Ulleung Liver Cancer Prevention and Management Project was launched in order to minimize newly developing liver cancer within this region. Population-based regional cancer registry data were analyzed to investigate the status and characteristics of registered liver cancer patients. The Interagency Workgroup of the project provided a special screening program from 1 November to 3 November 2018, and from 23 April to 25 April 2019, undertaking liver cancer screening and health behavior surveys. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with recent liver cancer screening. In Ulleung county, hepatocellular carcinoma was identified as the main type of liver cancer, accompanied by a high incidence of hepatitis B. Approximately 25.0% of the participants were not aware of their liver condition. People who were aware of their liver condition and those who reported a general understanding of hepatitis B were more likely to have undergone recent liver cancer screening. To prevent the development and spread of the disease in the community, adequate infrastructure for cancer screening and an enhanced monitoring system are required, along with measures to create awareness to periodically determine liver condition in high-risk groups.

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Ivashkin, V. T., K. L. Raikhelson, L. K. Palgova, M. V. Maevskaya, O. A. Gerasimova, E. A. Kondrashina, N. V. Marchenko, and A. Yu Baranovsky. "Drug-induced liver injury in cancer patients." Oncohematology 15, no. 3 (October 16, 2020): 80–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1818-8346-2020-15-3-80-94.

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This review includes information about epidemiological data, development feature, phenotypes, principles of classification, diagnosis, and prognosis for drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Actual clinical recommendations regarding management of the DILI arising in the chemotherapy of cancer discussed. Drugs that can influence on individual pathogenetic mechanisms of growth and symptoms DILI are considered. Clinical studies for the prophylaxis and treatment of DILI associated with anticancer chemotherapy analyzed in detail. The prevention and treatment regimens for DILI in patients receiving chemotherapy and immunotherapy various localizations of cancer given both in research and in practical recommendations.

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Farzaneh, Zahra, and Maryam Farzaneh. "Prevention and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using miRNAs." Archives of Iranian Medicine 25, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/aim.2022.23.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of death due to cancer. Liver transplantation, surgical liver resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are the main options for the treatment of HCC. However, these methods are unable to limit the growth, survival, and metastasis of HCC cells. Several signaling pathways control propagation, metastasis, and recurrence of HCC. Recent studies have established new approaches for the prevention and treatment of HCC using miRNA technology. MicroRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs with an average of 22 nucleotides that play critical roles in controlling gene expression in a variety of biological processes. miRNAs can induce or suppress HCC proliferation, migration, metastasis, and tumorigenesis. The anti-cancer effects of molecular agents can be evaluated directly in animal models or indirectly through the injection of HCC cell lines treated with anti-cancer agents. Targeting cancer-specific signaling pathways with miRNAs can be novel therapeutic strategies against HCC. This study provides the latest findings on using miRNAs in the control of HCC in both in vitro and in vivo models.

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Lurje, Isabella, Linda Hammerich, and Frank Tacke. "Dendritic Cell and T Cell Crosstalk in Liver Fibrogenesis and Hepatocarcinogenesis: Implications for Prevention and Therapy of Liver Cancer." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 19 (October 6, 2020): 7378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21197378.

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Liver fibrosis is a chronic, highly prevalent disease that may progress to cirrhosis and substantially increases the risk for development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Fibrotic livers are characterized by an inflammatory microenvironment that is composed of various immunologically active cells, including liver-resident populations (e.g., Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells and sinusoidal endothelium) and infiltrating leukocytes (e.g., monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes). While inflammatory injury drives both fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis, the tolerogenic microenvironment of the liver conveys immunosuppressive effects that encourage tumor growth. An insufficient crosstalk between dendritic cells (DCs), the professional antigen presenting cells, and T cells, the efficient anti-tumor effector cells, is one of the main mechanisms of HCC tumor tolerance. The meticulous analysis of patient samples and mouse models of fibrosis-HCC provided in-depth insights into molecular mechanisms of immune interactions in liver cancer. The therapeutic modulation of this multifaceted immunological response, e.g., by inhibiting immune checkpoint molecules, in situ vaccination, oncolytic viruses or combinations thereof, is a rapidly evolving field that holds the potential to improve the outcome of patients with HCC. This review aims to highlight the current understanding of DC–T cell interactions in fibrogenesis and hepatocarcinogenesis and to illustrate the potentials and pitfalls of therapeutic clinical translation.

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Huang, Vivian, Wenhui Li, Josephine Tsai, and Elizabeth Begier. "Cancer Mortality among Asians and Pacific Islanders in New York City, 2001–2010." Journal of Cancer Epidemiology 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/986408.

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Asians and Pacific Islanders’ (APIs) leading cause of death is cancer. We compared APIs’ age-adjusted cancer mortality rates to other racial/ethnic groups and by API subgroup (i.e., Chinese, Koreans, Asian Indians, and Filipinos) using New York City (NYC) Mortality data and Census Bureau population estimates for 2001–2010. While other racial/ethnic groups’ overall cancer mortality rates declined in NYC during the last decade, APIs remained stable. APIs overall had the lowest mortality rates for more common cancer types (i.e., lung, colorectal, breast, and prostate), but the highest mortality rates for certain less common cancers (i.e., nasopharyngeal, stomach, and liver). Chinese New Yorkers’ lung cancer death rates were very high compared to other APIs and comparable to non-Hispanic whites (47.1/100,000 versus 49.5/100,000, resp.). Chinese men had much higher nasopharyngeal cancer mortality rates (4.5/100,000 versus 0.3/100,000 for non-Hispanic whites). Korean men had the highest liver and stomach cancer mortality rates (25.3/100,000 and 27.7/100,000, resp., versus 7.9/100,000 and 6.0/100,000 for non-Hispanic whites). Analysis of cancer rates by API subgroup provides the detailed information needed to plan cancer prevention efforts. These findings warrant consideration of targeted cancer mortality prevention efforts for affected subgroups, including hepatitis vaccination, screening, and treatment; smoking cessation; and cancer screening.

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van Mierlo, Kim M. C., Frank G. Schaap, Cornelis H. C. Dejong, and Steven W. M. Olde Damink. "Liver resection for cancer: New developments in prediction, prevention and management of postresectional liver failure." Journal of Hepatology 65, no. 6 (December 2016): 1217–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2016.06.006.

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