Дисертації з теми "Pressure on tissue"
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Bergstrand, Sara. "Preventing pressure ulcers by assessment of the microcirculation in tissue exposed to pressure." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för omvårdnad, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-109960.
Повний текст джерелаShim, Joon Wan. "MECHANOBIOLOGY OF SOFT TISSUE DIFFERENTIATION : EFFECT OF HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE." MSSTATE, 2006. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-06262006-095654/.
Повний текст джерелаKnight, Sarah Louise. "Non-invasive techniques for predicting soft tissue during pressure induced ishaemia." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1997. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1481.
Повний текст джерелаGrieve, Andrew Paul. "Soft tissue mechanical properties and the design of pressure distributing seat cushions." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306036.
Повний текст джерелаBergstrand, Sara. "Tissue Blood Flow Responses to External Pressure Using LDF and PPG : Testing a System Developed for Pressure Ulcer Research." Licentiate thesis, Linköping : Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-51886.
Повний текст джерелаKeckler, Jesse. "Direct Assessment of Osmotic Pressure within Intervertebral Disc Tissue via a Needle Micro-Osmometer." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555412949107298.
Повний текст джерелаAbah, Colette P. (Colette Patricia). "A tissue tensioner to limit water injection during high pressure water jet debridement." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98947.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 53-55).
Removing necrotic tissue and foreign materials from wounds is a critical step in the management and treatment of chronic wounds. MIT's BioInstrumentation Laboratory developed a novel debridement technology that uses two high-speed impinging water jets to excise necrotic tissue. However, this device potentially causes accidental injection of water into healthy tissue beneath the wound bed, which can cause injury and necrosis in the healthy tissue. The purpose of this thesis is to explore tissue tension as a solution to reduce the required cutting power and consequently reduce water injection to acceptable levels. After validating the positive effect of tissue tension on the cutting efficiency of the water jet debridement device, we developed a technology that uses angled rolling wheels to tension tissue prior to debridement. This novel tensioner was qualitatively tested and successfully applied local tension at the site of cutting. Suggestions for further testing to improve this device are given. This tissue tensioner shows promise as a complementary appendage to the water jet debridement device.
by Colette P. Abah.
S.B.
Länne, Rosenlund Hanna. "Redesign of a generic human limb pressure device – towards early diagnosis of pressure ulcer risk patients." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Maskinteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-30300.
Повний текст джерелаDetta är ett examensarbete på kandidatnivå inom ämnet produktutveckling och design. I arbetet ingår en litterär överblick och sammanfattning av forskning i ämnet angående trycksår och diabetes, samt en designprocess. Författaren, Hanna Länne Rosenlund studerar Maskinteknik med inriktning Produktutveckling och Design på Jönköpings Tekniska Högskola. Trycksår är ett växande problem inom vården på grund av en ökning i medellivslängden samt en ökning av diabetesdiagnoser hos världens befolkning. Patienter med proteser faller ofta offer för trycksår på grund av extrema och långvariga tryckförhållanden där proteserna är lokaliserade. Ett område som redan är känsligare för tryck. Forskning inom tryckframkallande skador pågår just nu på Jönköping University. Deras kunskap inom finita elements modellering samt ortopedingenjörsteknik har gjort detta forskningsprojekt möjligt. Forskningsprojektet heter PEOPLE och är ett samverkningsprojekt mellan Tekniska Högskolan, Hälsohögskolan samt tre företagspartners. Tillsammans siktar de mot att utveckla en prototyp som ska utsätta en lem för ett konstant tryck medan en MR kamera scannar vävnaden. En finit elements modell av lemmen skapas sedan för närmre granskning av vävnaden hos individen. Vävnadens egenskaper samlas sedan för en simulering då man kan utvärdera hur vävnaden skulle reagera på mer extrema former av tryck. På så sätt kan prototypen bidra till forskningen inom ämnet för att förhoppningsvis kunna förutspå ifall en person är vid risk för att utveckla trycksår eller inte. En omkonstruktion av prototypens chassi har utvecklats för att optimera användarvänligheten för både patient och personal, användarmöjligheten för forskningssyfte, samt för att bättre bidra till en mer hållbar lösning. Designprocessen har inkluderat teorier såsom produktnedbrytning, konceptgenerering, konceptutveckling, brainstorming, design for assembly och design for manufacturing som alla har hjälpt till att generera koncept. Det slutgiltiga konceptet valdes med hjälp av Pugh matriser. Koncepten samt det slutliga konceptet skapades i ett CAD (computer aided design) program, Solid Works. Arbetet resulterade i ett justerbart tvådelat koncept med optimerad användarvänlighet och hållbarhet genom att använda sig av ett kardborreband. Prototypen kommer att finnas i två olika storlekar och vara monterbar genom att det går att skruva bort chassit och på så sätt optimera packning, hantering och förvaring. Det kommer också att innehålla ett nyutvecklat system för att underlätta fördelningen av tryck på motsatt sida från indenteringen. För fortsatt utveckling av chassit hade ett utbytbart system för tryckavledning optimerat produkten ytterligare då komforten hade ökat vid användning på större lemmar. När produkten finns tillgänglig för testning i framtiden kommer en patients syn vara möjlig att ta med och på så sätt förstärka trovärdigheten av arbetet samt bidra till fortsatt strävande för komfort.
Messer, Monica Shutts. "Development of a Tool for Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment and Preventive Interventions in Ancillary Services Patients." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4161.
Повний текст джерелаOkarski, Kevin Mark Mr. "IMPLEMENTATION OF PHYSIOLOGIC PRESSURE CONDITIONS IN A BLOOD VESSEL MIMIC BIOREACTOR SYSTEM." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/356.
Повний текст джерелаPruitt, Christopher Rogers. "Early Mediators of Cutaneous Ischemia Reperfusion Injury: A Mouse Model." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/2024.
Повний текст джерелаBliss, Cody Larry. "Sensate Scaffolds for Articular Cartilage Repair." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194815.
Повний текст джерелаPrice, Joshua Colm Felician Aeddan. "The development and validation of a hydrostatic pressure bioreactor for applications in bone tissue engineering." Thesis, Keele University, 2017. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/2807/.
Повний текст джерелаCharron, Patrick Nelson. "Burst Pressure Properties and Ex Vivo Analysis of Alginate-Based Hydrogels for Tissue Sealant Applications." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/454.
Повний текст джерелаvan, Wieringen Tijs. "Intra- and Extracellular Modulation of Integrin-directed Connective Tissue Cell Contraction." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-102349.
Повний текст джерелаSillitoe, Judith Ann. "A Study of Sacral Tissue Tolerance to Pressure Using Transcutaneous Measurements of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509478.
Повний текст джерелаGray, Robert James. "Impaired lymphatic clearance and pro-inflammatory cytokines in mechanically loaded tissue : implications in pressure ulcer aetiology." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/420760/.
Повний текст джерелаCarta, Ana Margarida Martins Salgueiro. "Use of ultra-high pressure in the modification of physical and sensorial properties of tissue papers." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21212.
Повний текст джерелаThe ultra-high hydrostatic pressure processing (UHP) is an expanding technology used mostly in food industry for the pasteurization of foods while preserving their organoleptic properties. This technique may be also applied to introduce structural and functional changes in biomolecules including cellulose. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of UHP towards cellulosic pulps, namely the ability to promote forced fibre hydration thus improving cellulose accessibility and fibrils reorganization. The main purpose of this thesis was the evaluation of UHP potential for the modification of recycled fibres aiming to improve its performance in the production of tissue paper in collaboration with the biggest national producer Renova FPA, S.A. The present study has identified the structural changes that occurred in cellulose of recycled pulp induced by UHP. Thus the crystalline regions demonstrated to some extent the co-crystallization of appropriately oriented crystallites and the recrystallization of paracrystalline regions as demonstrated by XRD and 13C NMR. In addition, UHP have induced fibrils disaggregation upon forced hydration thus enhancing their accessibility towards water and chemical reagents. A substantial reduction of recycled fibres hornification upon UHP has been suggested. UHP-processed recycled fibres also demonstrated the increment of strongly bound water content, as revealed by thermal analysis and by FTIR of deuterated samples. Changes in physical structure of cellulose caused the enhancement of such properties of recycled pulp as accessibility, hydrophilicity, moisture sorption capacity, surface contact angle, capillarity, among others. The effect of beating (B) before (B-HP) or after the UHP (HP-B) or between two beating stages (B1-HP-B2) on the drainability and mechanical properties were evaluated. In these studies, basic papermaking properties and, especially, the capillarity (up to 112%) were improved. The most advantageous from the point of view of strength properties of tissue paper production was suggested to be the B1-HP-B2 sequence suitable both for recycled fibres and softwood fibres. A synergetic effect of UHP on the beating of recycled cellulosic fibres has been detected allowing up to 50% energy savings in refining. At the same time, the UHP effect on the virgin fibres refinability was much more moderated. The enhanced accessibility of recycled pulp upon UHP was also used to improve its ability towards targeted chemicals, enzymes and nano-sized structures. These experiments were carried out also with dried virgin fibres used as the models of recycled pulp. As concerns enzymes, it was suggested that enzymatic modification improves significantly the papermaking properties of recycled pulp. These improvements were related with selective removal of xylan bound to impurities and to aggregated cellulose fibrils on the fibre surface thus favouring the ensuing swelling and inter-fibre bonding in paper. UHP pretreatment and posterior enzymatic treatment revealed a synergetic effect on the mechanical properties of recycled pulp. This fact was assigned to enhanced accessibility of fibres towards xylanase by forced hydration and favourable rearrangement of cellulosic fibrils in fibres after UHP pre-treatment. The increase of basic strength properties after UHP and promoted by xylanase treatment was up to 30%, being the most pronounced for the tensile strength and the burst resistance. The impregnation of dyes in combination with UHP also has demonstrated an enhancement in impregnation/fixation of dye molecules. However, a high dependence was found on the equilibrium between dye, fixative and cellulosic fibres, depending on the dye used, both with and without UHP. This behaviour was assigned to specificity of dyes molecular structure, affinity, substantivity, among others. The impregnation of humectant compounds applying UHP was also evaluated and the improved hygroscopicity of treated pulp was confirmed. This fact was evidenced by capillarity, water absorption capacity and moisture sorption tests. The effect of UHP on the impregnation of antimicrobial agent in fibres has been carried out using polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB). Being a cationic polymer, PHMB was readily absorbed in fibres with and without UHP treatment. However, UHP allowed higher PHMB uptake and better retention after leaching when compared to conventional impregnation without UHP. This was attributed to stronger interactions between cationic PHMB and cellulose due to the deeper penetration of the antimicrobial agent under UHP treatment. However, the amount of PHMB to impregnate in fibres is limited because of its negative effect on paper strength properties due to disruptive action of PHMB as debonding agent. Likewise, silica encapsulated PHMB demonstrated fairly high retention upon UHP and high release during the leaching tests. Being encapsulated, PHMB was not directly bound to cellulose (electrostatic interaction) and the final paper showed at the same time fairly high PHMB release rates. The impregnation with encapsulated perfumes (Dovena New) was also carried out and revealed higher impregnation of these nano-sized structures upon UHP than under conventional conditions. This was reflected by a higher release of volatiles from pulp samples impregnated with stuffed nanoparticles under UHP treatment when compared to pulps samples with free adsorbed nanoparticles
O processamento de alta pressão hidrostática (UHP) é uma tecnologia em expansão, bastante utilizada na indústria alimentar para a pasteurização de alimentos, ao mesmo tempo que preserva as suas propriedades organoléticas. Esta técnica pode ainda ser aplicada na modificação estrutural e funcional de biomoléculas, tais como a celulose. Em estudos recentes demonstrou-se o potencial da UHP para com pastas celulósicas, nomeadamente no que diz respeito à sua capacidade de promover a hidratação forçada das fibras e, consequentemente, melhorar a acessibilidade das mesmas e ainda promover a reorganização das suas fibrilas. Posto isto, o principal objetivo desta dissertação consistiu na avaliação do potencial da UHP na modificação de fibras recicladas e virgens, para alcançar a melhoria da sua performance na produção de papéis tissue, em colaboração com uma das maiores empresas nacionais do ramo, a Renova FPA, SA. No presente estudo foram identificadas alterações estruturais na celulose, tanto em fibras recicladas como em virgens, produzidas pelo UHP. Neste sentido, as regiões cristalinas demonstraram, até certa extensão, a cocristalização de cristalitos convenientemente orientados e a recristalização de regiões paracristalinas, tal como evidenciado por XRD e 13C RMN. Para além disso, a UHP induziu ainda a desagregação das fibrilas, aquando o fenómeno de hidratação forçada, originando maior acessibilidade à água e a reagentes químicos. Sugere-se ainda a ocorrência de uma redução significativa da hornificação das fibras. Fibras processadas por UHP também demonstraram um incremento na presença de água fortemente ligada, tal como sugerido por análises térmicas e FTIR de amostras deuteradas. As alterações produzidas na celulose originaram uma melhoria nas propriedades das fibras, nomeadamente da sua hidrofilicidade, sorção de vapor de água, ângulo de contacto de superfície, capilaridade, etc. O efeito da refinação (B) antes (B-HP), ou depois da UHP (HP-B), ou entre refinações (B1-HP-B2), também foi analisado no que diz respeito à drenabilidade e propriedades mecânicas das fibras. Nestes estudos, as propriedades papeleiras e em especial a capilaridade (112%) revelaram melhorias. Com base nos resultados sugere-se que a sequência B1-HP-B2 seria a mais vantajosa para fibras recicladas e fibras virgens longas. Para além disso, o efeito sinergético da UHP com a refinação sugere ainda a possibilidade de uma poupança de 50% de energia na refinação. As melhorias induzidas pela UHP na acessibilidade de fibras celulósicas foram também utilizadas para otimizar a impregnação de químicos, enzimas e nanoestruturas. No que diz respeito às enzimas, verificou-se que a modificação enzimática de fibras celulósicas promoveu melhorias significativas nas propriedades papeleiras destas, em especial das fibras recicladas. Estes resultados foram relacionados com a remoção seletiva de xilana ligada a impurezas e a fibrilas na superfície das fibras, que consequentemente favoreceu o intumescimento e a ligação entre fibras. A utilização de um pré-tratamento de UHP e um posterior tratamento enzimático revelaram um efeito sinergético nas propriedades mecânicas das fibras celulósicas, em especial nas fibras recicladas. Este facto foi relacionado com o aumento de acessibilidade nas fibras para com a xilanase, como consequência da hidratação forçada e rearranjo favorável das fibrilas originado pela UHP. A melhoria registada nas propriedades mecânicas das fibras, como resultado do pré-tratamento UHP e posterior tratamento enzimático, foi até 30%, tendo demonstrado maior impacto nas propriedades de índices de tração e rebentamento. A impregnação de corantes com UHP também foi realizada e demonstrou uma melhor impregnação/fixação das moléculas de corante. No entanto, verificouse uma grande dependência no equilíbrio entre moléculas de corante, fixador e fibras celulósicas, dependendo no corante utilizado, com e sem alta pressão. Estas variações foram atribuídas à especificidade da estrutura molecular da molécula de corante, à sua afinidade, substantividade, etc. A impregnação de agentes humectantes com UHP também foi avaliada e a melhoria nas propriedades hidrofílicas de fibras celulósicas foi confirmada. Este facto foi evidenciado por testes de capilaridade, sorção de vapor de água e testes de capacidade de sorção de água. O efeito da UHP na impregnação de um agente antimicrobiano também foi estudado utilizando polihexametileno biguanide (PHMB). Sendo um polímero catiónico, o PHMB foi facilmente absorvido pelas fibras celulósicas, com e sem alta pressão. A UHP permitiu ainda uma melhor impregnação/retenção do PHMB, após lixiviação, quando comparado com a amostra impregnada sem UHP. Estes resultados foram relacionados com as fortes interações estabelecidas entre o PHMB catiónico e a celulose, devido a uma impregnação mais profunda do agente antimicrobiano durante o tratamento de UHP. No entanto, o teor de PHMB a impregnar nas fibras é limitado pelos efeitos negativos que este originou nas fibras como consequência da sua ação de interrupção das ligações entre fibras como “agente desligante”. Do mesmo modo, cápsulas de sílica com PHMB também demonstraram uma maior retenção nas fibras celulósicas com a utilização da UHP. Encapsulado, o PHMB não está diretamente em contacto com a celulose (interações electroestáticas), exibindo deste modo uma maior libertação de PHMB (limitação por difusão). A impregnação com perfumes (Dovena New) encapsulados também foi realizada e revelou uma maior impregnação destas nanoestrutras, com a utilização da UHP, relativamente à metodologia convencional. Isto foi refletido pela maior libertação de voláteis por parte das amostras impregnadas com cápsulas com perfumes.
Curry, Andrew Michael. "Design, manufacture and commissioning of a low pressure quasistatic bulge tester for skin and membrane tissue." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32689.
Повний текст джерелаNguyen, Tu Marie-Sophie. "Effets de l’adiposité sur la microcirculation et les complications cutanées au cours de l’obésité." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10288.
Повний текст джерелаObesity and diabetes are associated to skin pathophysiology, particularly the dermal functions involved in maintaining the skin’s mechanical strength. The underlying mechanisms in pressure ulcer during obesity remain unclear. In this study we evaluated the effects of a hypercaloric diet on the cutaneous microcirculation and its consequences on pressure sores. C59Bl6/J mice were fed a high fat and high sugar diet during 2, 4, 12 and 20 weeks. Microvascular properties were assessed by measuring the skin blood flow variations in response to 1) acetylcholine in order to determine the endothelium-dependent vasodilation, 2) sodium nitroprusside in order to determine the endothelium-independent vasodilation, 3) local pressure application in order to determine the pressure-induced vasodilation (PIV). Each model was characterized for metabolic assessment (IPGTT, IPITT), hisological, immune-histological and biochemical measurements. Finally, each model was tested for pressure ulcer incidence with a 85 mmHg pressure application on skin layers. In this study, we found that obesity is a pathology in constant evolution that is associated with many compensatory mechanisms for maintaining vascular functions and for the adaptation of the skin tissue to an inflammatory environment induced by a hypercaloric diet. PIV has become a useful tool for pressure ulcer prediction
Lough, Kristen. "THE EFFECT OF CHOLESTEROL ON THE OSTEOBLAST RESPONSIVENESS TO HYDRODYNAMIC PRESSURE STIMULATION." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cbme_etds/27.
Повний текст джерелаJang, Sae, Rebecca R. Vanderpool, Reza Avazmohammadi, Eugene Lapshin, Timothy N. Bachman, Michael Sacks, and Marc A. Simon. "Biomechanical and Hemodynamic Measures of Right Ventricular Diastolic Function: Translating Tissue Biomechanics to Clinical Relevance." WILEY, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626001.
Повний текст джерелаJournot, Brice James. "The effects of cyclic hydrostatic pressure on chondrocytes in an alginate substrate." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2909.
Повний текст джерелаXiong, Shuping. "Pressure perception on the foot and the mechanical properties of foot tissue during constrained standing among Chinese /." View abstract or full-text, 2008. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?IELM%202008%20XIONG.
Повний текст джерелаDikina, Anna D. "ENGINEERED CARTILAGE COMPOSED OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL CONDENSATES AS MODULES WITH CONTROLLED SHAPE AND SIZE FOR MULTI-TISSUE TYPE CONSTRUCTS, AS MATERIALS FOR CHONDROCONDUCTIVE SCAFFOLDS AND AS MECHANORESPONSIVE TISSUES." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1459254069.
Повний текст джерелаWu, Gary Anthony Auyong. "Evaluation of Tissue Health and Interventions for the Prevention of Pressure Ulcers in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1365168146.
Повний текст джерелаSong, Min. "THREE-DIMENSIONAL ENDOTHELIAL SPHEROID-BASED INVESTIGATION OF PRESSURE-SENSITIVE SPROUT FORMATION." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cbme_etds/39.
Повний текст джерелаÅgren, Wilsson Aina. "On the pathophysiology of idiopathic adult hydrosephalus syndrome : energy metabolism, protein patterns, and intracranial pressure." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Neurologi, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-520.
Повний текст джерелаLidén, Åsa. "Integrin αVβ3-Directed Contraction by Connective Tissue Cells : Role in Control of Interstitial Fluid Pressure and Modulation by Bacterial Proteins". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6601.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aimed at studying mechanisms involved in control of tissue fluid homeostasis during inflammation.
The interstitial fluid pressure (PIF) is of importance for control of tissue fluid balance. A lowering of PIF in vivo will result in a transport of fluid from the circulation into the tissue, leading to edema. Loose connective tissues that surround blood vessels have an intrinsic ability to take up fluid and swell. The connective tissue cells exert a tension on the fibrous network of the tissues, thereby preventing the tissues from swelling. Under normal homeostasis, the interactions between the cells and the fibrous network are mediated by β1 integrins. Connective tissue cells are in this way actively controlling PIF.
Here we show a previously unrecognized function for the integrin αVβ3, namely in the control of PIF. During inflammation the β1 integrin function is disturbed and the connective tissue cells release their tension on the fibrous network resulting in a lowering of PIF. Such a lowering can be restored by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) -BB. We demonstrated that PDGF-BB restored PIF through a mechanism that was dependent on integrin αVβ3. This was shown by the inability of PDGF-BB to restore a lowered PIF in the presence of anti-integrin β3 IgG or a peptide inhibitor of integrin αVβ3. PDGF-BB was in addition unable to normalize a lowered PIF in β3 null mice. Furthermore, we demonstrated that extracellular proteins from Streptococcus equi modulated αVβ3-mediated collagen gel contraction. Because of the established concordance between collagen gel contraction in vitro and control of PIF in vivo, a potential role for these proteins in control of tissue fluid homeostasis during inflammation could be assumed. Sepsis and septic shock are severe, and sometimes lethal, conditions. Knowledge of how bacterial components influence PIF and the mechanisms for tissue fluid control during inflammatory reactions is likely to be of clinical importance in treating sepsis and septic shock.
Jinno, Chizuru. "Inactivation of Human Nevus Tissue Using High Hydrostatic Pressure for Autologous Skin Reconstruction: A Novel Treatment for Giant Congenital Melanocytic Nevi." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225489.
Повний текст джерелаBegey, Anne-Laure. "Rôle du tissu adipeux cutané dans la formation et la cicatrisation de plaies de compression au cours de l'obésité." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1106.
Повний текст джерелаObesity and diabetes led to complications, including skin fragility. Skin fragility could be associated to a glucose metabolism alteration and a subcutaneous adipose tissue increase. It has been shown that hypodermis could have a specific function for the skin. Our work consisted on the one hand in characterizing the dermal adiposity and studying its involvement in the skin tissue reactivity in response to low or high pressures in obese mice and, on the other hand, in studying the healing process. High pressures increase cutaneous fragility which can lead to skin wounds, in particular pressure ulcers. This study was realized using C57BL/6J male mice with a diet-induced obesity. C57BL/6J mice were fed a high fat and high sugar diet during 4 or 12 weeks. Hypodermis adipocytes size was measured as well as their lipolytic response in presence or absence of insulin. The skin tissue reactivity was assessed measuring the skin blood flow variations in response to 1) a local pressure application in order to determine the pressure-induced vasodilation (PIV), 2) an acetylcholine or sodium nitroprusside iontophoresis. To examine the specific mechanism of the pressure ulcer in obese diabetic mice, a compression with ischemia-reperfusion cycles was realized. Metabolic assessment, histological and molecular biological studies were carried out to characterize each stage of healing through obesity. Furthermore, we determined the adiposity increase on dermal fibroblasts in vitro to better understand the healing process. In this thesis work, we have highlighted a hypodermis adiposity linked to a tissue and a systemic insulin resistance. We have also showed a delayed healing depending on the evolution of the obesity. The microvascular responses were decreased post healing compared to a non-wounded skin
Skoglund, Karin. "The Neurological Wake-up Test in Neurocritical Care." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-172798.
Повний текст джерелаFlynn, Liam Martin Clint. "Physiological responses to brain tissue hypoxia and blood flow after acute brain injury." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31268.
Повний текст джерелаChilders, Rachel Caitlin. "The Role of Tissue Modulus and Cardiac Fibroblast Phenotype in Volume Overload Induced Heart Failure." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1480335744116284.
Повний текст джерелаUnderwood, Ryan M. "The Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure on Early Endothelial Tubulogenic Processes." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cbme_etds/7.
Повний текст джерелаLeonard, Katherine H. L. "Mathematical and computational modelling of tissue engineered bone in a hydrostatic bioreactor." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:05845740-1a74-4e19-95ea-6b5229d1af27.
Повний текст джерелаMcKenty, Taylor R. "QUANTIFYING THE EFFECTS OF HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR-2 BINDING BY THE HUMAN ENDOTHELIUM." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cbme_etds/47.
Повний текст джерелаPang, Christina Lynn. "Effects of Inhaled Combination Corticosteroid Drugs on Aerodynamic Measures of Phonation and Visual-Perceptual Measures of Vocal Fold and Arytenoid Tissue in Excised Rabbit Larynges." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8934.
Повний текст джерелаNyholm, Lena. "Quality systems to avoid secondary brain injury in neurointensive care." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Neurokirurgi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-253005.
Повний текст джерелаMehik, A. (Aare). "Epidemiological and diagnostical aspects of prostatitis." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2001. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514265068.
Повний текст джерелаLeite, Richard Diego. "Efeitos do treinamento resistido em ratos alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6858.
Повний текст джерелаO consumo excessivo de gorduras tem sido implicado na gênese da obesidade e de diversas comorbidades relacionadas a esta doença. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito do treinamento resistido em ratos alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica nas seguintes variáveis: composição corporal, adiposidade, área de adipócitos, expressão do fator de crescimento do endotélio vascular (VEGF) e dos receptores ativados por proliferadores de peroxissomo tipo gama (PPAR-γ) no tecido adiposo retroperitoneal, níveis pressóricos e atividade da metaloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) no ventrículo esquerdo. Foram avaliados 32 ratos machos Wistar divididos em quatro grupos experimentais (n=8/cada) de acordo com o tipo de dieta e o treinamento: sedentário (SED; dieta padrão), sedentário obeso [SED-OB; dieta hiperlipídica (30% de gordura)], treinamento resistido (TR; dieta padrão) e treinamento resistido obeso (TR-OB; dieta hiperlipídica). Após o desmame (dia 21), os animais foram submetidos à dieta experimental durante 24 semanas. Doze semanas após início da dieta, os grupos TR e TR-OB iniciaram o período de 12 semanas de treinamento resistido. Este era composto por escaladas em uma escada vertical de 1.1 metros com pesos atados a cauda num total de três sessões de treinamento por semana (Segundas, Quartas e Sextas-feiras) com 4 a 9 escaladas/sessão e 8 a 12 movimentos dinâmicos a cada subida. O treinamento resistido induziu reduções significativas na massa corporal, na massa gorda, no percentual de gordura, na área de adipócitos e nos níveis pressóricos e ainda promoveu aumento de massa magra e na expressão de VEGF e PPAR-γ em ambos os grupos treinados. Além disso, foi observada uma maior atividade da MMP-2 no ventrículo esquerdo nos grupos treinados (TR e TR-OB). Nossos achados demonstram que o treinamento resistido foi capaz de promover mudanças positivas na composição corporal, na atividade da MMP-2 no ventrículo esquerdo, nos níveis pressóricos e em mediadores enzimáticos do tecido adiposo retroperitoneal sugerindo que esta modalidade de exercício pode ser uma ferramenta útil para prevenir as alterações induzidos pelo consumo de uma dieta hiperlipídica.
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of resistance training on body composition, adiposity, adipocyte area, vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) in adipose tissue, systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP), and activity of muscle MMP-2 in left ventricle. We evaluated 32 Wistar rats divided into four experimental groups (n=8/each) according to diet and exercise status: sedentary (SED; standard diet), sedentary obese [SED-OB; hiperlipidic diet (30% of fat)], resistance training (RT; standard diet) and resistance training RT obese (RT-OB; hiperlipidic diet). After weaning (day 21), animals were subjected to the experimental diet according to their groups during 24 weeks. A 12-week resistance-training period was used, during which the animals climbed a 1.1-m vertical ladder with weights attached to their tails. The sessions were performed three times/week (Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays), with 49 climbs/session and 812 dynamic movements/climb with two rest minutes. The RT promoted significantly reductions of body and fat masses, fat percentage, adipocytes area and systolic and diastolic BPs, associated with higher expression of VEGF and PPAR-γ in retroperitoneal adipose tissue and higher fat free mass in both trained groups. Furthermore, it was observed higher muscle MMP-2 activity of the left ventricle in trained animals. This study demonstrated that, resistance training induced positive changes in body composition, MMP-2 activity in left ventricle, systolic and diastolic BPs and adipose tissue metabolism, suggesting that it can be a useful tool to prevent the physiopathological changes induced by high-fat diet consumption.
Pinto, Sofia Alexandra Costa. "Modificação da pasta kraft com alta pressão hidrostática." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/16838.
Повний текст джерелаEste trabalho consiste no estudo das alterações das propriedades papeleiras através da modificação estrutural de pasta kraft de Eucalyptus globulus pela implementação de alta pressão hidrostática (TH) de modo a que as propriedades da pasta sejam as adequadas para a sua aplicação, papel tissue de baixa gramagem. Este trabalho consiste no estudo da aplicação da alta pressão hidrostática ao nível das fibras celulósicas de modo a verificar qual a influência que este tipo de tratamento apresenta nas propriedades papeleiras, tais como as mecânicas e estruturais. Assim, começou-se por implementar um TH em pasta kraft não refinada, tendo em estudo quatro gamas de pressão diferentes, 4000 – 7000 bar, numa pasta com uma consistência de 1,5%. Com esta aplicação verificaram-se melhorias nas propriedades mecânicas da pasta, sendo que os melhores resultados foram obtidos aquando aplicada uma pressão de 6000 bar, onde se obteve uma taxa de crescimento de 2% para o índice de rotura à tração, 1% no alongamento percentual na rotura, 1% no índice de rigidez à tração e 6% no índice de rebentamento, sendo que para estas propriedades esta gama de pressão foi a única que apresentou valores superiores ao da pasta referência. No índice de rasgamento, a única gama de pressão que apresentou uma taxa de crescimento positiva foi a 4000 bar, com cerca de 1%. De um modo geral, a pressão que apresentou melhores resultados foi a de 6000 bar, sendo esta a gama utilizada para a continuação dos estudos. De modo a verificar qual a influência da alta pressão na pasta kraft, foi refinada num moinho PFI em quatro gamas de refinação 0,500,1000 e 2000 revoluções, pasta sem tratamento de alta pressão e pasta sujeita prévio tratamento de alta pressão a 6000 bar. Assim, verificou-se que as propriedades mecânicas da pasta kraft aumentaram com o número de revoluções quer em pasta sujeita a TH quer em pasta somente refinada, embora estas sejam superiores para pasta somente refinada, à exceção do índice de rasgamento que apresenta uma taxa de crescimento de 41% para uma refinação de 500 revoluções em pasta sujeita a TH a 6000 bar e essa taxa de crescimento em pasta somente refinada só é atingida para uma refinação de 1000 revoluções. De um modo geral o tratamento hiperbárico não é vantajoso nas propriedades mecânicas quando aplicado em conjunto com a refinação. De modo a compreender melhor o efeito da alta pressão, foi feito um estudo ao grau de cristalinidade em pasta somente sujeita a alta pressão e em pasta refinada com prévio TH a 6000 bar. Neste estudo verificou-se que quando aplicada o TH a 4000 bar o grau de cristalinidade diminui, aumentando para as pressões seguintes progressivamente, facto este que se deve a ocorrência de rearranjos ao nível das cadeias de celulose, uma vez que as zonas paracristalinas sofrem recristalização. O mesmo não acontece na pasta refinada com prévio TH a 6000 bar, pois o grau de cristalinidade diminui, o que se pode dever ao facto da refinação degradar a parede celular. Como o futuro da indústria de pasta de papel está cada vez mais direcionado para papéis de baixa gramagem, papel tissue, foi inserido neste trabalho uma componente de estudo das alterações das propriedades papeleiras deste tipo com a aplicação da alta pressão hidrostática. Ao realizar este estudo verificou-se que a velocidade e a capacidade de absorção é superior no caso da pasta refinada sujeita a prévio TH a 6000 bar em relação à pasta somente refinada. A maciez apresenta o seu máximo em pasta não sujeita a qualquer tratamento, 86.2, diminuindo com a aplicação da alta pressão, tendo o seu mínimo para uma pressão de 5000 bar, 81,8, voltando a aumentar até atingir a pressão de 7000 bar.
This work consists in the study of the changes of the paper proprieties through the structural modification of the kraft pulp coming from Eucalyptus globulus by the implementation of high hydrostatic pressure (HT) so that the proprieties of the pulp be the suitable ones to its application, tissue paper of low grammage. This work aims at studying the application of the HT concerning the level of the cellulosic fibres in order to check which influence this kind of treatment presents in the paper proprieties, such as the mechanic and structural ones. Thus, a HT was first implemented in the kraft pulp which was not refined, having studied from ranges of different pressures, from 4000 to 7000 bar, in a pulp with a consistency of 1,5%. With this application some improvements were noticed concerning the mechanic proprieties of the pulp and the best results were obtained when a pressure of 6000 bar was applied, during which is obtained a raise of 2% for the tensile breaking length, 1% for the percentage on the elongation at break, 1% for the tensile strength and 6% for the burst index, having in mind that for these proprieties this range of pressure was the only one which presented values that were superior to the ones of the pulp reference. In the tear index, the only pressure range that presented a positive growth rate was the 4000 bar with about 1%. In a general way, the pressure that presented the best results was the one of 6000 bar which was the one used to the keeping on of studies. In order to verify which was the influence of the high pressure in the kraft pulp, this one was refined in a PFI mill according to four ranges of refining: 0,500,1000 and 2000 revolution, pulp without HT and pulp subjected to previous HT according to 6000 bar. Thus, it was noticed that the mechanical proprieties of the pulp were increased according to the number of revolutions in both kinds of pulps although these mechanical proprieties are superior in a pulp which is only refined, except the tear index which presents a growth rate of 41% concerning a refining of 500 revolutions in the pulp subjected to a HT according to 6000 bar. This growth rate concerning the pulp that is only refined is only obtained according to a refining of 1000 revolutions. In a general way the HT is not advantageous in the mechanical proprieties when it is applied together with the refining. In order to better understand the effect of the HT, a study was done to the level of crystallinity in the pulps only subjected to the HT and in the refined pulp with a previous HT according to 6000 bar. In this study it was applied a HT according to 4000 bar and that it increased when the following pressures where progressively increased, which was due when some rearrangements were done at the level of the cellulose chains, since the paracrystallines areas go through recrystallization. The same does not happen in the refined pulp submitted to a previous HT according 6000 bar, because the level of crystallinity decreases, which is due to the fact that the cell wall. As the future of the pulp industry is directing itself to low grammage paper, tissue paper, it was inserted in this work a study component that changes the papermaking properties of this type of paper using the application of high hydrostatic pressure . In the process of this study we found that the speed and absorption capacity is higher in the case of refined pulp with a previous HT according to 6000 bar relative to the refined pulp alone. The softness presents its maximum in the pulp not subjected to any kind of treatment 86,2, decreasing according to an application of HT, having its minimum according to a pressure of 5000 bar, 81,8, starting increasing again till it reaches a pressure of 7000 bar.
Brindle, Christopher T. "Incidence and Predictor Variables of Pressure Injuries in Patients Undergoing Ventricular Assist Device and Total Artificial Heart Surgeries: An Eight-Year Retrospective Review." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/6038.
Повний текст джерелаLe, Gall Marion. "Pathophysiologie des escarres dans le muscle squelettique." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTT058.
Повний текст джерелаPressure ulcer is a pathology related to patient immobility, which can be either accidental or incidental to comorbidities. The first damage are located in muscle tissue before developing in cutaneous breakdown per an unclear pathophysiology. The core objective of my PhD was to identify the early signaling pathways involved in pressure ulcer development, through a transversal study. We hypothesized that muscle compression will induce a calcium imbalance in muscles by a dysfunction of calcium channels from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (Ryanodine receptor isoform 1, RyR1) which will lead to muscle damage and sub-cutaneous inflammation.Mice model of a 100 mmHg, 2 hours compression of abdominal muscles was used to identify the apoptotic pathway initiation and a rise of oxidative stress. RyR1 is hyper-nitrosylated and hyper-oxydated thus this remodeling induces depletion of RyR1 stabilizing protein, calstabin1, and the resulting leaky phenotype increases intracellular calcium concentration. This channel functional impairment was not reversible up to 3 days post-compression but it was possible to prevent it through rycal treatment, protecting the binding calstabin1/RyR1. In a clinical trial, we identified from a paraplegic population with existing pressure ulcers, a RyR1 remodeling in paralyzed muscles (intra patient comparison with a healthy muscle biopsy) and a hypoxia of tissues below the spinal cord injury. Calstabin1 dissociation was correlated to the mean and peak pressure intensity of interface pressure applied over the sacrum skin of the bedridden patient directly above the biopsy location.This thesis project focused on early signaling pathways participating in pressure ulcer in skeletal muscle. A mechanical strain induces an increase of the intracellular redox state, post translational RyR1 modifications and a channel dysfunction because of calstabin1 depletion. The significance of my work is to propose both pharmacology and non-invasive monitoring solutions to prevent first muscle damage in pressure ulcer development
Konduri, Suchitra. "The Influence of normal physiological forces on porcine aortic heart valves in a sterile ex-vivo pulsatile organ culture system." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-03042005-135623/unrestricted/konduri%5Fsuchitra%5F200505%5Fmast.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDr. Athanassios Sambanis, Committee Member ; Dr. Timothy M. Wick, Committee Member ; Dr. Ajit P.Yoganathan, Committee Chair. Includes bibliographical references.
Iqbal, Hena. "Diastolic echocardiographic parameters in patients with atrial fibrillation." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26051.
Повний текст джерелаIn the majority of heart diseases disturbances in the diastolic function may occur, this condition is called diastolic dysfunction. This means that the left ventricular filling pressure increases due to reduced compliance in the chamber. The assessment of diastolic function in patients who have developed atrial fibrillation (AF), is a challenge in echocardiography. This is a result of AF which involves absence of atrial contraction, irregular length of the cardiac cycle and left atrium dilatation that complicates the assessment. The aim of this study was to observe the diastolic echocardiographic parameters in patients with AF to examine if these can be used in the assessment of diastolic left ventricular function in this population. The study included 37 participants with AF who were remitted for an echocardiographic examination due to various concerns. Pulsed Doppler technique and tissue Doppler technique was used to record the following diastolic parameters: atrial volume, mitral inflow velocity (E) and the myocardial diastolic velocity (e'). Ejection fraction, heart-rate, hypertrophy and pulmonary artery pressure were also estimated and included in the assessment. Mann-Whitneys test showed that there was a strong statistical correlation between the filling pressure (E/e') and E, e' and atrial volume (p = <0.05). Significant results were also obtained for the relation between pulmonary artery pressure and the filling pressure (p = 0.014) by a chi-square test. A multiple linear regression showed association between E and e'. The analysis showed that there was a significant value of coefficient of determination for E (p = <0.001) and e' (p = 0.008). In conclusion, the results showed that echocardiography can be used for diagnosis of AF patients regarding filling pressures, where atrial volume, E velocity and e' are considered to be the best parameters.
Попов, Станіслав Володимирович. "Модель інструменту для зварювання легень". Bachelor's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2021. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/43672.
Повний текст джерелаScope of the diploma is 72 pages, contains 63 illustrations, 17 tables. 23 sources were totally processed. Relevance: nowadays there is no full-fledged tool for welding the lungs, which could be guaranteed to cope with particularly hard parts of lungs, such as the bronchi, common tools for welding soft tissues are used instead. The structure of the lungs is heterogeneous. Except the parenchyma, bronchi, alveoli, trachea, blood vessels, the lungs are filled with air, which causes difficulties during welding process. Everything mentioned above requires from the tool improved parameters of reliability and durability. Objective: to model and study the static load of a lung welding tool. Task: – review of literature on lung welding; – inspect lung welding tools and the results of operations performed to weld lungs and other living tissues; – select the modeling environment of the lung welding tool and determine the conditions for this procedure; – create a model of a lung welding tool and conduct a study of the tool for static compressive load; – analyze the results obtained.
Bar, C. A. "The response of tissues to applied pressure." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302586.
Повний текст джерелаHirsch, Sebastian. "Compression-sensitive Magnetic Resonance Elastography." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17205.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis introduces the concept of compression-sensitive Magnetic Resonance Elastography. Compression-sensitive MRE detects the propagation of pressure waves, providing insight into the compressibility of a material based on a poroelastic tissue model. Poroelastic models incorporate compressibility through interaction of compartments, even as each individual compartment remains incompressible. Hydrostatic tissue pressure abnormalities are associated with a number of diseases, such as normal pressure hydrocephalus or hepatic portal hypertension. Since pore pressure plays a central role in the poroelastic wave equations, compression-sensitive MRE could potentially serve as a diagnostic tool, providing information complimentary to shear-wave MRE data. This thesis describes the development of a fast single-shot EPI MR sequence capable of quantifying volumetric strain induced by external vibrations. Compression-sensitive MRE was validated in porous gel phantoms, in the human lung at two different respiratory states, in an ex vivo sheep liver at varying levels of hydrostatic pressure, and finally in human liver and brain. Results illustrate that compression-sensitive MRE is capable of quantifying volumetric strain in phantoms and in human organs. It was found that volumetric strain was sensitive toward pressure changes associated with different physiological states, whereas shear strain remained constant. In an additional study, pulsation of the human brain, driven by the heart cycle, was used as the actuation source instead of the external vibration generator. Results indicate local expansion of brain parenchyma upon the arrival of the arterial pulse wave, followed by a slow return to the initial state during the diastolic phase. Numerical values for the pressure wave modulus M were calculated from measured volumetric strain through inversion of the pressure wave equation. Measurement noise was identified as the primary effect causing a severe underestimation of M.
Vescovi, Marcos Vinícius Altoé. "Efeitos da exposição ao CdCl2 em ratos : um estudo de deposição tecidual e uma visão cardiovascular." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6743.
Повний текст джерелаCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 30 days exposure to CdCl2 100 mg L-1 on the tissue distribution of this metal and the effect on myocardial contractility. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided in two groups: control and treated. Blood pressure was measured weekly during the exposure. At the end of treatment the animals were anesthetized for hemodynamic assessment and sacrificed for in vitro measurements using the technique of isolated muscles. Tissue samples were sent for determination of cadmium using atomic absorption spectrometry technique. The blood concentration of cadmium in the treated group was attained 40 μg L-1, higher than the biological index allowed by existing laws in the world. The main sites of deposition of the metal were the kidneys and liver. Since first week of exposure, the blood pressure of the treated group was high and remained increased until the end of the treatment. Hemodynamic evaluation showed an increase in systolic blood pressure (Control: 114 ± 5 vs Treated: 127 ± 3 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (Control: 63 ± 2 vs Treated: 81 ± 4 mmHg), left ventricular (Control: 127 ± 2 vs Treated: 140 ± 4 mmHg) and heart rate (control: 333 ± 8 vs. Treaty: 377 ± 7 mmHg) and a reduction in end-diastolic pressure of the right ventricle (Control: 6.4 ± 0.8 vs Treated : 4.1 ± 0.3 mmHg). In vitro, treatment with cadmium did not change the inotropic state (contractile force). The direct exposure of the metal on isolated muscles showed a reduction in contractile force development at concentrations above 5 μmol L-1 of CdCl2. These results demonstrate that cadmium is a metal with great potential for developing of hypertension
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da exposição por 30 dias a CdCl2 100 mg L-1 sobre a distribuição tecidual deste metal e a consequência sobre a contratilidade miocárdica. Foram utilizados ratos Wistar separados aleatoriamente em dois grupos: controle e tratado. A pressão arterial foi mensurada semanalmente no decorrer da exposição. Ao final do tratamento os animais foram anestesiados para avaliação hemodinâmica e sacrificados para avaliação, in vitro, através da técnica de músculos isolados. As amostras teciduais e cardíacas foram encaminhadas para determinação do teor de cádmio através da técnica de Espectrometria de Absorção Atômica. A concentração sanguínea de cádmio no grupo tratado foi de, aproximadamente, 40 μg L-1, valor acima do índice biológico permitido por leis mundiais vigentes. Os principais sítios de deposição do metal foram os rins e o fígado. Desde a primeira semana de exposição, a pressão arterial do grupo tratado mostrou-se elevada e assim permaneceu ao longo das semanas seguintes. A avaliação hemodinâmica evidenciou o aumento da pressão arterial sistólica (Controle: 114 ± 5 vs Tratado: 127 ± 3 mmHg), da diastólica (Controle: 63 ± 2 vs Tratado: 81 ± 4 mmHg), da ventricular esquerda (Controle: 127 ± 2 vs Tradado: 140 ± 4 mmHg) e da frequência cardíaca (Controle: 333 ± 8 vs Tratado: 377 ± 7 mmHg) e, uma redução da pressão diastólica final do ventrículo direito (Controle: 6,4 ± 0,8 vs Tratado: 4,1 ± 0,3 mmHg). In vitro, o tratamento com cádmio não alterou o estado inotrópico (força contrátil). A exposição direta de músculos isolados ao metal demonstrou uma redução no desenvolvimento de força contrátil em concentrações superiores a 5 μmol L-1 de CdCl2. Esses resultados demonstram que o cádmio é um metal com potencial para desenvolvimento de hipertensão arterial