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Статті в журналах з теми "Prenatal events"
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Millichap, J. Gordon. "Prenatal Events and CNS Migration Disorders." Pediatric Neurology Briefs 8, no. 12 (December 1, 1994): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15844/pedneurbriefs-8-12-9.
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Herbison, Carly E., Karina Allen, Monique Robinson, John Newnham, and Craig Pennell. "The impact of life stress on adult depression and anxiety is dependent on gender and timing of exposure." Development and Psychopathology 29, no. 4 (April 11, 2017): 1443–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579417000372.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThere is debate about the relative importance of timing of stressful events prenatally and over the life course and risk for subsequent depressive/anxious illness. The aim of this study was to examine the relative roles of prenatal stress and postnatal stress trajectories in predicting depression and anxiety in early adulthood in males and females. Exposure to life stress events was examined in the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study during pregnancy and ages 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 14, and 17 years. At age 20, offspring completed the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. Prenatal stress and trajectories of stress events from age 1 to 17 were analyzed in linear regression analyses. Five postnatal stress trajectories were identified. In females, medium to high chronic stress exposure or exposure during puberty/adolescence predicted depression and anxiety symptoms while low or reduced stress exposure over the life course did not, after adjustment for relevant confounders. High stress early in pregnancy contributed to male depression/anxiety symptoms independent of postnatal stress trajectory. In females, postnatal stress trajectory was more important than prenatal stress in predicting depression/anxiety symptoms. Interventions focused on reducing and managing stress events around conception/pregnancy and exposure to chronic stress are likely to have beneficial outcomes on rates of depression and anxiety in adults.
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Aderibigbe, Y. A., Oye Gureje, and O. Omigbodun. "Postnatal Emotional Disorders in Nigerian Women." British Journal of Psychiatry 163, no. 5 (November 1993): 645–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.163.5.645.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One hundred and sixty-two women were evaluated for psychiatric morbidity in the second trimester of pregnancy and also six to eight weeks postnatally. A sizeable proportion of the women also had a second prenatal assessment in their third trimester and in the lying-in ward shortly after giving birth. Assessments were conducted with the 28-item GHQ. This was initially validated using a subsample of 106 women, taken from the original group, who were interviewed with the PAS. Thirty per cent of the women were ‘cases' at the first prenatal assessment, while only 14% were ‘cases' six to eight weeks postnatally. Thus, even though there was an overlap between prenatal and postnatal morbidity, there was also substantial difference between the groups that were symptomatic at both periods. This observation was reinforced by the low correlation between the mean GHQ scores at both periods. Both prenatal and postnatal morbidities were associated with recent adverse life events, with the latter more likely to be associated with marital and family events. This observation is in support of the view that neurotic problems, prenatally or postnatally, are caused mainly by psychosocial factors.
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Huttunen, Matti O., Ricardo A. Machon, and Sarnoff A. Mednick. "Prenatal Factors in the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia." British Journal of Psychiatry 164, S23 (April 1994): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000292684.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The excess of winter–spring births among individuals suffering from schizophrenia provides strong evidence for the existence of some prenatally occurring factors in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Recent epidemiological findings suggest that maternal viral infections during the second trimester of pregnancy may play a crucial role in the aetiology of adult schizophrenia. A ‘two-hit window’ hypothesis of the mechanism of action of prenatal factors in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia suggests at least two time-specific prenatal aetiological events. The observed association between prenatal viral infection and increased incidence of adult schizophrenia need not be a direct cytotoxic result of the viral infection, but may be caused indirectly, for example from foetal minor cerebral haemorrhages produced by the anticoagulant effects of aspirin.
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Lipton, L. R., K. J. Brunst, S. Kannan, Y. M. Ni, H. B. Ganguri, R. J. Wright, and M. Bosquet Enlow. "Associations among prenatal stress, maternal antioxidant intakes in pregnancy, and child temperament at age 30 months." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 8, no. 6 (June 27, 2017): 638–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174417000411.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Prenatal stress and prenatal nutrition each have demonstrable impact on fetal development, with implications for child neurodevelopment and behavior. However, few studies have examined their joint influences despite evidence of potential interactive effects. We examined associations among prenatal stress, prenatal antioxidant intakes, and child temperament in a sociodemographically diverse pregnancy cohort (N=137 mother–child dyads). In mid-pregnancy, mothers completed an assessment of recent negative life events as a measure of prenatal stress and an assessment of prenatal diet. When the children were 30 months of age, mothers completed the Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire-Very Short form, which provides scores on child Negative Affectivity, Effortful Control, and Surgency/Extraversion. Linear regressions tested associations between maternal prenatal negative life events and child temperament, and effect modification by maternal prenatal antioxidant intakes (vitamins A, C, and E, magnesium, zinc, selenium, β-carotene). Analyses revealed that increased maternal prenatal negative life events were associated with higher child Negative Affectivity (β=0.08, P=0.009) but not with child Effortful Control (β=−0.03, P=0.39) or Surgency/Extraversion (β=0.04, P=0.14). Prenatal intakes of zinc and selenium modified this effect: Maternal exposure to prenatal negative life events was associated with higher child Negative Affectivity in the presence of lower intakes of zinc and selenium. Modification effects approached significance for vitamins A and C. The results suggest that the combination of elevated stress exposures and lower antioxidant intakes in pregnancy increases the likelihood of heightened child temperamental negative affectivity. Increased antioxidant intakes during pregnancy may protect against influences of prenatal stress on child temperament.
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Cocoros, Noelle M., Timothy L. Lash, Al Ozonoff, Mette Nørgaard, Alfred DeMaria, Viggo Andreasen, and Henrik Toft Sørensen. "Prenatal influenza exposure and cardiovascular events in adulthood." Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 8, no. 1 (November 7, 2013): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/irv.12202.
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Bergman, K. M., P. Sarkar, T. G. O'Connor, N. Modi, and V. Glover. "Prenatal stressful life events predict child cognitive outcomes." Early Human Development 83, no. 2 (February 2007): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.09.033.
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Quinlan-Jones, Elizabeth, Denise Williams, Charlotte Bell, Claire Miller, Carolyn Gokhale, and Mark D. Kilby. "Prenatal Detection of PIK3CA-related Overgrowth Spectrum in Cultured Amniocytes Using Long-range PCR and Next-generation Sequencing." Pediatric and Developmental Pathology 20, no. 1 (January 25, 2017): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1093526616669820.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mutations in PIK3CA are associated with overgrowth spectrum disorders including excessive growth in some areas of the body and the central nervous system. Alterations in PIK3CA occur as somatic, postzygotic events and confer a mosaic genotype with variability in phenotypic expression being commonly observed. We describe the second reported prenatal diagnosis of a PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum disorder. The prenatal ultrasound features in this case enabled the presumptive, prospective diagnosis to be made which was then confirmed by genetic testing. Subsequent parental testing for mutations in PIK3CA demonstrated normal genotypes. Identification of this mutation prenatally enabled prospective information to be provided to the family and facilitated multidisciplinary perinatal management.
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Senter, Camilla C., Nicole R. Bush, Christine T. Loftus, Adam A. Szpiro, Annette L. Fitzpatrick, Kecia N. Carroll, Kaja Z. LeWinn, et al. "Maternal Stressful Life Events during Pregnancy and Atopic Dermatitis in Children Aged Approximately 4–6 Years." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 18 (September 15, 2021): 9696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189696.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children has steadily increased over time, yet it remains largely unknown how maternal factors during pregnancy are associated with child AD. Few studies have specifically assessed the relationship between prenatal stress and child AD, with inconsistent findings. In this prospective cohort study following 426 mother-child dyads from pregnancy to middle childhood, women reported stressful life events (SLEs) experienced during the 12 months before delivery and AD outcomes in children aged approximately 4–6 years, including current, location-specific, and ever AD. We used Poisson regression to estimate risk ratios (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with a 1-unit increase in prenatal SLEs, adjusting for potential confounders. We also assessed whether the association between prenatal SLEs and child AD was modified by child sex, history of maternal atopy, or prenatal maternal resilient coping. The mean (standard deviation) of prenatal SLEs reported in the overall sample was 1.4 (1.6), with 37.1% of women reporting none. A 1-unit increase in prenatal SLEs was not significantly associated with current AD (RR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.89, 1.31), location-specific AD (RR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.78, 1.52), or ever AD (RR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.87, 1.09). We did not find evidence of effect modification. Findings from this study suggest no association between prenatal SLEs and AD in middle childhood, although larger longitudinal studies with enhanced case definition and higher variability of SLE experience may more fully inform this question.
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VERDOUX, HELENE, JACQUES ROPERS, DOMINIQUE COSTAGLIOLA, FRANÇOISE CLAVEL-CHAPELON, and XAVIER PAOLETTI. "Serious psychiatric outcome of subjects prenatally exposed to diethylstilboestrol in the E3N cohort study." Psychological Medicine 37, no. 9 (April 4, 2007): 1315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291707000438.
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ABSTRACTBackgroundPrenatal exposure to diethylstilboestrol (DES) may induce neurodevelopmental disturbances potentially mediating an increased risk of psychiatric disorders in exposed subjects. Most findings of an increased prevalence of psychiatric disorders in men and women prenatally exposed to DES are not easy to interpret because of selection biases.MethodInformation on hormonal treatment during pregnancy and on offspring's medical outcome was collected from women participating in the Etude Epidemiologique de femmes de la Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale (E3N) prospective cohort who completed consecutive postal questionnaires on a range of medical events since 1990. Information on hormonal treatment during pregnancy was collected in 1992 and on offspring's medical outcome in 2004. The psychiatric outcome of subjects prenatally exposed to DES was compared to that of their unexposed siblings.ResultsA total of 1352 mothers with DES treatment for at least one pregnancy provided information on 1680 exposed children and 1447 unexposed siblings. After adjustment for duration of follow-up, educational level, history of obstetric complication, prenatal exposure to progestagen drugs or other hormones and parental history of psychiatric hospitalization, no association was found between prenatal exposure to DES and occurrence of strictly defined serious psychiatric outcome (suicide or psychiatric hospitalization) [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0·8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·5–1·2], or of broadly defined serious psychiatric outcome (same events plus psychiatric or psychological consultation) (adjusted OR 1·0, 95% CI 0·8–1·2).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the impact of prenatal DES exposure on foetal brain development, if any, is unlikely to increase the risk of serious psychiatric disorders.
Дисертації з теми "Prenatal events"
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Vaillant, Jimena. "Detection of Modality-Specific Properties in Unimodal and Bimodal Events during Prenatal Development." FIU Digital Commons, 2010. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/303.
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Predictions of the Intersensory Redundancy Hypothesis (IRH) state that early in development information presented to a single sense modality (unimodal) selectively recruits attention to and enhances perceptual learning of modality-specific properties of stimulation at the expense of amodal properties, while information presented redundantly across two or more modalities (bimodal) results in enhanced perceptual learning of amodal properties. The present study explored these predictions during prenatal development by assessing bobwhite quail embryos’ detection of pitch, a modality-specific property, under conditions of unimodal and redundant bimodal stimulation. Chicks’ postnatal auditory preferences between the familiarized call and the same call with altered pitch were assessed following hatching. Unimodally-exposed chicks significantly preferred the familiarized call over the pitch-modified call, whereas bimodally-exposed chicks did not prefer the familiar call over the pitch-modified call. Results confirm IRH predictions, demonstrating unimodal exposure facilitates learning of modality-specific properties, whereas redundant bimodal stimulation interferes with learning of modality-specific properties.
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VanHorn, Renee E. Minick. "Maternal perinatal events as predictors of educational placement : computation of relative risk ratios." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1159152.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study examined the relative risk of perinatal complications in common childhood disorders. Specifically, the ability of perinatal complications to predict membership into children's disorders was studied. The sample consisted of 634 normal children and children with mental retardation, learning disabilities, and emotional handicaps, whose mothers completed the Maternal Perinatal Scale (WS). Seven MPS items significantly contributed to the prediction of the mentally retarded, learning disabled, emotionally handicapped, and regular education groups. The two significant discriminant functions correctly classified about 46% of the students, with the greatest misclassification occuring for those with emotional handicaps. When the separate disorders were collapsed to form a single group, eleven MPS items significantly contributed to the prediction of the special education and regular education groups. The linear composite from discriminant function analysis correctly classified about 74% of the students. Some 89% of the special education students were correctly classified. When MPS factors were used as predictors, 90% of the special education students were correctly classified. Seven MPS factors comprised the discriminant function. Relative risk ratios were computed for each perinatal item. Significant relative risk ratios included maternal weight over 151 pounds, saddle block anesthesia, no anesthesia, stress during pregnancy, prenatal care, medically induced labor, unplanned pregnancy, medication use during pregnancy, hypoxia, and cigarette use during pregnancy. An overall relative risk of 6.35 was computed based on the linear composite of perinatal variables defined by the discriminant function, suggesting that a suggesting that a synergism of perinatal complications makes a child over 6 times more likely to be placed in special education. A second overall relative risk of 3.83 was derived from the linear composite of MPS factor scores. This indicated that children with a perinatal history marked by this particular combination of perinatal complications were nearly 4 times as likely to require special educational services. Results were discussed in terms of comorbidity among special education categories. The potential use of the MPS as a screener for early intervention was also discussed.Department of Educational Psychology
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Paul, Jonathan Allan. "Auditory Event-Related Potential in Neonates and Young Infants Prenatally Exposed to Methadone." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2011. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/PaulJ2011.pdf.
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Correia, Adriana de Sales Cunha [UNESP]. "Eventos pré-natais e sua relação com o comportamento infantil durante a assistência odontológica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95459.
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A Psicologia do Comportamento tem contribuído com a Odontologia na redução do estresse e ansiedade no paciente adulto e no condicionamento e manejo da criança. Atualmente, o estudo do desenvolvimento humano mostra-se como ponto-chave para o efetivo conhecimento, diagnóstico e solução de inúmeros distúrbios psicológicos, psicossomáticos e comportamentais, e se caracteriza principalmente por mudanças físicas e mentais que ocorrem na criança, desde os primeiros meses de vida intrauterina. O presente trabalho avaliou através de um estudo retrospectivo, a possível influência dos eventos pré-natais, envolvendo o feto e a mãe, no comportamento do bebê frente à assistência odontológica. Foram entrevistadas 120 mães de bebês atendidos na Bebê-Clínica da FOA-UNESP, através de questionário, o qual abordou o estado emocional e psicológico da mãe no início da gestação, os fatores sociais e econômicos, o estado de saúde materna, o estado de saúde do bebê e a relação paisfilho, bem como o comportamento fetal. Com base nestes dados foi estabelecido o perfil pré-natal materno, o qual foi comparado ao perfil comportamental dos bebês exibidos durante os atendimentos na Bebê-Clínica. A relação entre a experiência odontológica da mãe e o comportamento dos bebês foi também avaliada. De acordo com a metodologia utilizada e os resultados verificados foi possível concluir que, embora o número de mães com perfil pré-natal favorável, cujos bebês apresentaram em sua maioria comportamento colaborador, tenha sido mais prevalente, não houve relação estatisticamente significante entre a experiência odontológica materna e o comportamento exibido pelo paciente, assim como não houve influência dos eventos pré-natais sobre o comportamento do bebê durante a assistência odontológica.
The Behavioral Psychology has contributed to Dentistry in reducing stress and anxiety in adult patient and in the child’s adaptability and management. Recently, the human developmental study presents itself as the key point for the effective knowledge, diagnosis and solution of various psychological, psychosomatic and behavior disturbances and it characterizes itself especially as mental and physical changes that occur in the child since the first months of intrauterine life. The current work assessed, through a retrospective study, the possible influence of the prenatal events, involving the fetus and the mother, in the infant’s behavior facing the dental treatment. A total of 120 mothers of babies seen at Clinic for Babies at the Dental School of Araçatuba-UNESP, through a questionnaire, which approached the mother’s emotional and psychological state at the beginning of pregnancy, the economic and social factors, the maternal health state and the relationship parentschild, as well as the fetal behavior. Based on this data, it was established the maternal prenatal profile, which was compared to the babies’ behavior profile displayed during the assistances at Clinic for Babies. The relationship between the mother’s dental experience and the babies’ behavior was assessed as well. According to the methodology utilized and to the overcomes verified it was possible to conclude that, although the number of mothers with favorable prenatal profile, whose babies displayed in their majority collaborative behavior, has been more prevalent, there was no statistically significant relation between the maternal dental experience and the behavior displayed by the patient, as there was no influence of the prenatal events over the infant behavior during the dental treatment.
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Correia, Adriana de Sales Cunha. "Eventos pré-natais e sua relação com o comportamento infantil durante a assistência odontológica /." Araçatuba : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95459.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Orientador: Robson Frederico CunhaBanca: Célio Percinoto
Banca: Maria Salete Nahás Pires Corrêa
Resumo: A Psicologia do Comportamento tem contribuído com a Odontologia na redução do estresse e ansiedade no paciente adulto e no condicionamento e manejo da criança. Atualmente, o estudo do desenvolvimento humano mostra-se como ponto-chave para o efetivo conhecimento, diagnóstico e solução de inúmeros distúrbios psicológicos, psicossomáticos e comportamentais, e se caracteriza principalmente por mudanças físicas e mentais que ocorrem na criança, desde os primeiros meses de vida intrauterina. O presente trabalho avaliou através de um estudo retrospectivo, a possível influência dos eventos pré-natais, envolvendo o feto e a mãe, no comportamento do bebê frente à assistência odontológica. Foram entrevistadas 120 mães de bebês atendidos na Bebê-Clínica da FOA-UNESP, através de questionário, o qual abordou o estado emocional e psicológico da mãe no início da gestação, os fatores sociais e econômicos, o estado de saúde materna, o estado de saúde do bebê e a relação paisfilho, bem como o comportamento fetal. Com base nestes dados foi estabelecido o perfil pré-natal materno, o qual foi comparado ao perfil comportamental dos bebês exibidos durante os atendimentos na Bebê-Clínica. A relação entre a experiência odontológica da mãe e o comportamento dos bebês foi também avaliada. De acordo com a metodologia utilizada e os resultados verificados foi possível concluir que, embora o número de mães com perfil pré-natal favorável, cujos bebês apresentaram em sua maioria comportamento colaborador, tenha sido mais prevalente, não houve relação estatisticamente significante entre a experiência odontológica materna e o comportamento exibido pelo paciente, assim como não houve influência dos eventos pré-natais sobre o comportamento do bebê durante a assistência odontológica.
Abstract: The Behavioral Psychology has contributed to Dentistry in reducing stress and anxiety in adult patient and in the child's adaptability and management. Recently, the human developmental study presents itself as the key point for the effective knowledge, diagnosis and solution of various psychological, psychosomatic and behavior disturbances and it characterizes itself especially as mental and physical changes that occur in the child since the first months of intrauterine life. The current work assessed, through a retrospective study, the possible influence of the prenatal events, involving the fetus and the mother, in the infant's behavior facing the dental treatment. A total of 120 mothers of babies seen at Clinic for Babies at the Dental School of Araçatuba-UNESP, through a questionnaire, which approached the mother's emotional and psychological state at the beginning of pregnancy, the economic and social factors, the maternal health state and the relationship parentschild, as well as the fetal behavior. Based on this data, it was established the maternal prenatal profile, which was compared to the babies' behavior profile displayed during the assistances at Clinic for Babies. The relationship between the mother's dental experience and the babies' behavior was assessed as well. According to the methodology utilized and to the overcomes verified it was possible to conclude that, although the number of mothers with favorable prenatal profile, whose babies displayed in their majority collaborative behavior, has been more prevalent, there was no statistically significant relation between the maternal dental experience and the behavior displayed by the patient, as there was no influence of the prenatal events over the infant behavior during the dental treatment.
Mestre
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Gerhold, Mathew Michael. "A study of event-related electrocortical oscillatory dynamics associated with cued motor-response inhibition during performance of the Go/NoGo task within a sample of prenatally alcohol-exposed children and age-matched controls." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27336.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are a spectrum of disorders that occur due to prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Response inhibition refers to the ability to inhibit/suppress a prepotent behavioural tendency set in motion during an experimental task. Our research explored neocortical processing in heavy-exposed children from Cape Town, South Africa, performing the Go/NoGo response inhibition task. We utilised event-related electroencephalographic methodologies to examine event-related potentials (ERP) and eventrelated changes in induced oscillatory power - event-related desynchronisation (ERD)/eventrelated synchronisation (ERS). Across visual and auditory Go/NoGo tasks, we observed equivalent levels of inhibitory control between heavy-exposed (HE) participants and normally-developing controls; however, HEs demonstrated significantly slower reaction times relative to the control group. In an auditory ERP study, we observed a number of alcohol-related changes in ERP waveform morphology, such as decreased P2 amplitude, reduced P3 amplitude, and longer P3 peak latency. In addition, within the HE group, late in the trials, a slow-wave component was observed in both experimental conditions. A significant difference in N2 amplitude across conditions that has consistently been observed in normally-developing samples was not observed in the HE group. We extended previous research findings in the visual domain by analysing induced oscillatory responses. We observed within the normally-developing sample: (1) in both experimental conditions, a frontal induced beta-band ERS related to decision-making; and (2) in the NoGo-condition, a frontal gamma-band ERS related to cognitive-control. Within the HE group, the beta-ERS was not observed in either of the experimental conditions, neither was the gamma-ERS observed in the NoGo-condition. Frontal induced beta-power was predictive of performance accuracy in the HE group, but not in the control group. The observed alcohol-related effects were not explained and/or mediated by IQ (WISC-IQ), socio-economic circumstances, comorbid ADHD, or teratogenic effects related to postnatal lead exposure and prenatal cigarette-smoke exposure. Our results point to alterations in scalp-measured event-related neocortical oscillatory dynamics and slower processing of task demands due to heavy PAE. These alcohol-related effects are observable on ERP component measures, primarily related to conflict-monitoring and attention-based processing. PAE also affects induced classes of neocortical oscillatory dynamics related to decision-making and cognitive-control processes required to inhibit a prepotent motor-response.
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Vogler, Joyce H. "The relationship of stressful life events, mastery, self- esteem, and social support, to the time of initiation into prenatal care by adolescents." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/10264.
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Mohamad, Zainal Nurul Hayati. "Examination of Placenta and Child Saliva Samples Associated with Childhood Allergy Development." Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/2440/132227.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Allergic disease has risen to epidemic proportions during recent years. Evidence shows that prenatal events play a critical role in determining disease susceptibility via environmental influences on placental function and fetal programming. We hypothesised that childhood susceptibility to allergy is increased through significant alterations in placental gene expression involved in regulating immune system development. Furthermore, we hypothesised that products of altered placental genes are indirect measures of altered protein concentrations in the saliva of children with allergies. The aim of this PhD thesis was to identify proteins associated with childhood allergy using two sources of biological tissue: placental tissue and child saliva. The long term objectives were to identify proteins that could be measures of allergic risk in placenta and saliva, develop an assay for detection of allergic risk in newborns and target proteins for interventions that prevent allergy onset. Placental tissue and child saliva samples were examined using a proteomic approach involving quantitative label-free comparative mass spectrometry. Data analysis were performed using Mascot database and MaxLFQ software. Placental tissue and saliva from children with no allergy were compared with children with allergic diseases (placenta, n= 16; saliva, n= 18). Using placental samples, 1223 proteins were identified from MaxLFQ analysis. Nineteen proteins were significantly altered in allergic male placentae and 21 proteins were altered in allergic female placentae, relative to non-allergic children. Of these proteins, five candidate placental proteins associated with allergic diseases were validated with Western blot (n=68), which include chloride intracellular channel protein 3, peroxiredoxin-2, haptoglobin and complement C3. Moreover, 14-3-3 protein had very high expression in allergic children and very low expression in the non-allergic group. Using child saliva samples, 177 proteins were identified from MaxLFQ analysis. Of these proteins, six candidate proteins with significant ratio in specific allergic phenotypes were validated with Western blot (n=62). These proteins include salivary 14-3-3, cornulin, involucrin, transferrin, haptoglobin and desmoglein 1. Based on Western blot findings, 14-3-3, cornulin and involucrin proteins were further validated using the Blitz system that uses crude saliva sample for rapid identification and quantitation as a potential non-invasive bedside allergy biomarker screening (n=126). Blitz results demonstrated that these proteins were significantly altered in allergic children with asthmatic mother (high risk of allergy), as compared to non-allergic children with asthmatic mother. Only salivary cornulin was significantly altered in allergic children as compared to non-allergic children regardless of maternal asthma status. Findings revealed that in both placental and saliva samples, 14-3-3 proteins were significantly altered in female allergic children as compared with female non-allergic children. Interestingly, altered expression of some proteins varies in a sex-specific manner, such as observed in haptoglobin and involucrin, and in relation to presence or absence of maternal asthma. In conclusion, our findings indicate that protein expression can be altered in-utero in children who subsequently develop an allergy and altered expression of these proteins is detectable in saliva in early life.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Adelaide Medical School, 2018
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Fontanetti, Pablo Alejandro. "Influencia de estímulos prenatales adversos sobre eventos relacionados con el modelado óseo en rata: erupción dentaria y osificación endocondral. Posible rol protector de melatonina." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11086/1614.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
En mamíferos, el comportamiento de órganos y tejidos presenta gran plasticidad
prenatal, lo cual permite que diversos estímulos y/o condiciones ambientales que actúan
sobre la madre y el feto durante el período de preñez, puedan fijar ciertas respuestas
estructurales y funcionales de las crías durante su gestación, de modo tal de prepararlas
óptimamente para las condiciones de vida postnatal. Este proceso es conocido como
programación materna.
Hay evidencias de que el sistema circadiano fetal es sincronizado por señales
transferidas por la madre durante la gestación. Este hecho determina un sistema
circadiano susceptible a condiciones ambientales adversas que pudiera experimentar la
madre durante la gestación y/o lactancia.
Los eventos ambientales prenatales adversos juegan un rol determinante en la
patogénesis de diferentes enfermedades durante la vida adulta. Diferentes tipos de estrés durante períodos específicos de la gestación pueden resultar en cambios transitorios o permanentes a corto y/o largo plazo en el crecimiento y desarrollo de las crías.
El proceso de erupción dentaria es un evento finamente regulado y programado
espacial y temporalmente, mediante el cual un elemento dentario se traslada desde su
posición intraósea hasta aparecer finalmente en la cavidad bucal, en un lugar preciso de
la arcada y en un período de tiempo determinado. Una etapa celular crítica en la erupción dentaria es la formación de los osteoclastos necesarios para reabsorber el hueso supracoronal de la canastilla ósea y formar un canal de erupción. Diversos estudios demostraron que en diferentes estados en los cuales hay una falla en la formación o la función de los osteoclastos está disminuida, la erupción dentaria está retardada o en algunos casos, completamente inhibida.
Es conocido que el hueso mandibular tiene un origen ectomesenquimático
mientras que los huesos largos se originan del mesodermo lateral. Además, ambos tipos
de hueso difieren en la composición de su matriz orgánica, en enzimas de degradación,
en factores de crecimiento que utilizan para madurar y remodelarse y en la respuesta a
diversos estímulos. Aunque es aceptado que un ambiente prenatal adverso posee una compleja influencia sobre las crías, los efectos del estrés prenatal crónico sobre ciertos aspectos del modelado y remodelado óseo que tienen lugar durante la erupción dentaria y la osificación endocondral, no han sido estudiados.
Además, hay evidencias de que la melatonina exógena aplicada a ratas preñadas
sometidas a luz constante es capaz de prevenir los efectos negativos del tratamiento
estresante, observados sobre parámetros enzimáticos y conductuales. Sin embargo,
hasta el momento no existen evidencias acerca del rol preventivo de melatonina sobre los efectos provocados por el estrés crónico prenatal sobre el proceso eruptivo.
Por lo expuesto, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue aportar evidencias acerca del
efecto de dos modelos experimentales de estrés prenatal, luz constante (LL) y estrés
variado (EV), sobre la erupción dentaria, la osificación endocondral y el crecimiento
mandibular como así también evaluar el posible rol protector de melatonina sobre los
efectos provocados por la luz constante.
Para ello se conformaron cinco grupos de ratas preñadas: Grupo EV sometido a
estrés crónico variado desde el día 10 al 20 de preñez, Grupo LL mantenido en luz
constante durante el mismo período gestacional, Grupo LL+Mel sometido al mismo
esquema de estrés por luz constante crónica pero con administración subcutánea de
Melatonina del día 17 al 21 de preñez, Grupo LL+SF sometido a luz constante crónica con inyección de solución fisiológica por vía subcutánea desde el día 17 al 21 de preñez y Grupo Control mantenido sin ningún tratamiento prenatal. A los 3, 15 ó 60 días de vida
postnatal, se realizó la eutanasia de las crías. Previo al sacrificio se registró el peso
corporal de las crías nacidas de cada grupo experimental. Luego, se escindieron sus
mandíbulas y tibias para estudios histológicos, histoquímicos, histomorfométricos y
radiográficos.
En el presente trabajo demostramos una asociación entre un ambiente prenatal
adverso y ciertos aspectos del modelado y remodelado óseo en mandíbula y en la
osificación endocondral de la tibia. La exposición materna a un ambiente prenatal
desfavorable inducido por un modelo de estrés variado o de luz constante desde el día
10 al 20 de gestación, desencadenó en crías de 3 días de edad, un incremento del
volumen óseo y una reducción del número de osteoclastos como de sus núcleos, en el
5 hueso supracoronal de la canastilla ósea del primer molar inferior. Este hallazgo se
correspondió, a los 15 días de edad, con una disminución del grado de erupción
dentaria, sugiriendo una disminución del proceso de resorción ósea. Además, a los 60
días de edad, el grado de crecimiento mandibular disminuyó significativamente en crías
nacidas de madres sometidas a estrés por luz constante crónica respecto a crías
controles.
Asimismo, en tibias de crías nacidas de madres estresadas se halló una alteración
del proceso de osificación endocondral. Precisamente, a los 3 días de edad, se encontró
una disminución significativa del volumen óseo subcondral en crías de los grupos
tratados. A los 15 días, el análisis de la distribución del volumen óseo subcondral entre la esponjosa primaria y secundaria arrojó diferencias significativas, siendo mayor el volumen de la esponjosa primaria mientras que lo opuesto se observó a nivel de la esponjosa secundaria, respecto al control.
Por otra parte, es destacable el efecto del tratamiento materno de LL + Melatonina.
La administración de la hormona entre los días 17 y 21 de gestación a madres preñadas
estresadas, revirtió los efectos adversos provocados por la luz constante sobre el proceso eruptivo del primer molar inferior en todos los parámetros analizados en este estudio.
Nuestros resultados indicarían que los estímulos estresantes crónicos aplicados a
ratas durante la preñez afectan la biología ósea, alterando en las crías la erupción
dentaria, la osificación endocondral de las tibias y el crecimiento mandibular. Asimismo,
estos hallazgos corroboran y enfatizan la posible acción protectora de la melatonina
aplicada a las madres por su efecto preventivo del estrés crónico. Finalmente, nuestros
resultados confirman la importancia de un contexto gestacional normal para una óptima
programación materna de las cría.
Книги з теми "Prenatal events"
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PhD, Ann Diamond Weinstein. Prenatal Development and Parents' Lived Experiences: How Early Events Shape Our Psychophysiology and Relationships. W. W. Norton & Company, 2016.
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2
Adzema, Michael. Wounded Deer and Centaurs: The Necessary Hero and the Prenatal Matrix of Human Events. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2016.
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3
Weinstein, Ann Diamond. Prenatal Development and Parents' Lived Experiences: How Early Events Shape Our Psychophysiology and Relationships. Norton & Company, Incorporated, W. W., 2016.
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4
Nichols, Mary Reid. ADJUSTMENT TO NEW PARENTHOOD: RELATIONSHIP AMONG PRENATAL FACTORS, INTRAPARTAL EVENTS, AND NEW PARENT EXPERIENCES FOR PRIMIPAROUS MOTHERS AND FATHERS WHO SHARE CHILDBIRTH. 1992.
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5
Lopez-Arvizu, Carmen, Carmel Bogle, and Harolyn M. E. Belcher. Neurobiology of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0179.
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Prenatal exposure to ethanol can result in a wide range of clinical presentations that are grouped under the term “Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders” (FASD). The direct cellular teratogenic effects of ethanol on fetal neurodevelopment include damage to cell survival, proliferation, and migration mechanisms. Dysregulation of neurotransmission and alteration of genetic transcription have also been implicated in the neurotoxic effects of prenatal ethanol exposure. These deleterious events lead to brain volume reduction, corpus callosum dysgenesis, cerebellar, and other neuroanatomical anomalies that have been observed in individuals with FASD. Beyond direct ethanol-induced insults, the impact that ethanol has on maternal nutrition, metabolism, hormonal regulation, and placental physiology also adversely effects fetal development. The complex interactions between numerous neurobiological and psychosocial mechanisms that hinder optimal fetal neurodevelopment are reflected by the heterogeneous clinical presentation of FASD, including impaired growth, dysmorphic facial features, and cognitive and behavioral disorders.
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Brar, Jaspreet S. Epidemiology of Schizophrenia. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199331505.003.0003.
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Epidemiology can help us understand who is at risk for developing a disorder, what may happen to them, and perhaps even why people get the disorder to begin with. In this chapter, we will review the incidence and prevalence of schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders, as well as factors affecting such rates. Risk factors for psychosis include socio-demographics (e.g., gender, age, migrant status, class), predisposing factors (e.g., season of birth, perinatal trauma), and precipitating factors (e.g., substance use, psychosocial stress). We will highlight controversial issues such as traumatic life events, prenatal infection, and cannabis use, considering how epidemiological factors can shed light on the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and related illnesses.
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Taylor, Caroline. Dietary and environmental exposures in pregnancy. Edited by Alan Emond. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198788850.003.0003.
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There is increasing recognition of the importance of both nutrition and environmental exposures in pregnancy as prenatal events are increasingly thought to have a significant impact on the emergence of later disease, as well as on many crucial aspects of child development. This chapter provides an overview of the evidence for the importance of nutrition and environmental exposures both preconceptually and in pregnancy on the long-term health and development of the child, and provides some recommendations for action points by health professionals.
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Macauley, Robert C. Ethics of Prenatal Palliative Care (DRAFT). Edited by Robert C. Macauley. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199313945.003.0011.
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Palliative care can begin before birth, as parents wrestle with a prenatal diagnosis of a serious condition. The options are not limited to terminating the pregnancy or providing maximal treatment upon delivery. Prenatal interventions and focusing on comfort following delivery are also options. This also impacts the method of delivery, for if a pregnant woman’s values demand respect, so also should a request for caesarean section for fetal distress, even in the context of a serious fetal condition. The language one uses also impacts management and outlook, with terms such as “incompatible with life” both inaccurate and misleading. This chapter discusses these issues in the context of palliative care.
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McMahan, Jeff, Tim Campbell, James Goodrich, and Ketan Ramakrishnan, eds. Ethics and Existence. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192894250.001.0001.
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Derek Parfit, who died in 2017, is widely believed to have been the best moral philosopher in well over a century. The twenty new essays in this book were written in his honour and have all been inspired by his work—in particular, his work in an area of moral philosophy known as ‘population ethics’, which is concerned with moral issues raised by causing people to exist. Until Parfit began writing about these issues in the 1970s, there was almost no discussion of them in the entire history of philosophy. But his monumental book Reasons and Persons (OUP, 1984) revealed that population ethics abounds in deep and intractable problems and paradoxes that not only challenge all the major moral theories but also threaten to undermine many important common-sense moral beliefs. It is no exaggeration to say that there is a broad range of practical moral issues that cannot be adequately understood until fundamental problems in population ethics are resolved. These issues include abortion, prenatal injury, preconception and prenatal screening for disability, genetic enhancement and eugenics generally, meat eating, climate change, reparations for historical injustice, the threat of human extinction, and even proportionality in war. Although the essays in this book address foundational problems in population ethics that were discovered and first discussed by Parfit, they are not, for the most part, commentaries on his work but instead build on that work in advancing our understanding of the problems themselves. The contributors include many of the most important and influential writers in this burgeoning area of philosophy.
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Cline, Erin M. Confucianism, Moral Education, and Childhood Development. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935420.013.67.
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This article discusses Confucian views on childhood moral development, focusing especially on accounts of moral cultivation in the classical and Han periods. Beginning very early, Confucians exhibited an understanding of the unique influence that parent–child relationships have on children’s moral development during the earliest stages of development, which led them to argue for the importance of moral cultivation and moral education not only during infancy and childhood, but even during the prenatal period. Through an examination of texts, including the Analects, Mengzi, Discourse on the States, Record of Ritual, Collected Biographies of Women and Protecting and Tutoring, as well as secondary literature on this topic, this article focuses on how we should understand Confucian accounts of the roles of parents, the family, ritual, and filial piety in the moral development of children.
Частини книг з теми "Prenatal events"
1
Wolff, Anders, Ulrik D. Larsen, Gert Blankenstein, John Philip, and Pieter Telleman. "Rare Event Cell Surging in a Microfluidic System for Application in Prenatal Diagnosis." In Micro Total Analysis Systems ’98, 77–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5286-0_18.
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2
Prescott, Susan, and Janet Dunstan. "Role of prenatal events in the development of allergic disease." In Perinatal Programming, 143–54. CRC Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14625-15.
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Droege, Lisa-Antonia, and Wolfgang Henrich. "Gynaecological, obstetric, and neonatological aspects." In ESC CardioMed, edited by Vera Zagrosek-Regitz, 2852–54. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0687.
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Pregnancies in women with cardiopulmonary disease pose a higher risk of maternal cardiovascular events and fetal compromise. Prenatal diagnostics to detect fetal malformations and examination of the fetoplacental haemodynamic state are therefore required.
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Butkevich, Irina, Viktor Mikhailenko, Ludmila Khozhai, and Vladimir Otellin. "Pain sensitivity during ontogeny and long-term effects of prenatal noxious events." In Perinatal Programming, 211–22. CRC Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14625-21.
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Ehle, Robert C. "How We Hear and Experience Music." In Knowledge Visualization and Visual Literacy in Science Education, 199–217. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0480-1.ch008.
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This chapter examines occurrences and events associated with the experience of composing, playing, or listening to music. First it examines virtual music, and then recounts an experiment on the nature of pitch and psychoacoustics of resultant tones. The final part discusses the prenatal origins of musical emotion as the case for fetal imprinting.
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Sánchez Merchante, Míriam, and Eugenio D. Martinez Hurtado. "Mindfulness-Based Interventions during Pregnancy and Labour." In Obstetric Anesthesia: Clinical Updates, 333–80. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815051841122040022.
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During pregnancy, events occur that can negatively affect a woman's mental health, such as vaginal bleeding, concern for the health of the fetus, decreased fetal movements, ultrasound results, or fear of childbirth itself. Pregnant women must be able to cope with these stressful events, as perinatal mental health problems can have adverse consequences for both parents and babies. Psychological disturbances in the mother during pregnancy can adversely affect the development of the fetus, leading to long-term negative effects on the health of the child. It is therefore important to identify prenatal interventions that can reduce this maternal distress, and one possible approach to address these perinatal mental health difficulties is mindfulness-based interventions.
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Thomson, Errol M. "Air Pollution, Stress, and Allostatic Load: Linking Systemic and Central Nervous System Impacts." In Advances in Alzheimer’s Disease. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/aiad210032.
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Air pollution is a risk factor for cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity and mortality. A growing literature also links exposure to diverse air pollutants (e.g., nanoparticles, particulate matter, ozone, traffic-related air pollution) with brain health, including increased incidence of neurological and psychiatric disorders such as cognitive decline, dementia (including Alzheimer’s disease), anxiety, depression, and suicide. A critical gap in our understanding of adverse impacts of pollutants on the central nervous system (CNS) is the early initiating events triggered by pollutant inhalation that contribute to disease progression. Recent experimental evidence has shown that particulate matter and ozone, two common pollutants with differing characteristics and reactivity, can activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and release glucocorticoid stress hormones (cortisol in humans, corticosterone in rodents) as part of a neuroendocrine stress response. The brain is highly sensitive to stress: stress hormones affect cognition and mental health, and chronic stress can produce profound biochemical and structural changes in the brain. Chronic activation and/or dysfunction of the HPA axis also increases the burden on physiological stress response systems, conceptualized as allostatic load, and is a common pathway implicated in many diseases. The present paper provides an overview of how systemic stress-dependent biological responses common to particulate matter and ozone may provide insight into early CNS effects of pollutants, including links with oxidative, inflammatory, and metabolic processes. Evidence of pollutant effect modification by non-chemical stressors (e.g., socioeconomic position, psychosocial, noise), age (prenatal to elderly), and sex will also be reviewed in the context of susceptibility across the lifespan.
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Eapen, Valsamma, Iain Perkes, and Roxanne Golf. "Pathways from Genes to Symptoms in Tourette Syndrome." In Tourette Syndrome, edited by Valsamma Eapen, Iain Perkes, and Roxanne Golf, 311–28. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197543214.003.0018.
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Abstract Tourette syndrome (TS) is not a unitary condition but, rather, heterogeneous in clinical presentation, course, treatment response, and longitudinal outcomes. This chapter offers a critical commentary on the varying phenotypic presentations and the associated etiological underpinnings. Potential endophenotypes linking the genetic architecture with the clinical phenotypes are described. Gender-dependent differences in the phenotypic expression as well as the presence of commonly encountered comorbidities such as obsessive–compulsive behavior/disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder may indicate different etiological pathways and pathogenesis. Additional factors that may influence the phenotypic expression of TS include prenatal and perinatal difficulties and immunological factors. The clinical phenotype and the severity of symptoms, as well as the associated psychopathology observed in TS, may be influenced by the nature and extent of involvement of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuitry and the unique contribution of both the genetic and nongenetic factors at play as well as the timing of events during the developmental period. Thus, there may be shared molecular genetic pathways affecting development across diagnostic boundaries mediated through neurodevelopmental genes, but the clinical phenotypic expression may be further shaped by other nongenetic factors. This chapter focuses on the pathogenetic pathways of the distinct and overlapping phenotypes of TS. Currently understood etiologies and phenotypes are discussed, as are underexplored factors in the pathogenesis. Endophenotypes are considered with respect to how they may mediate between genotype and phenotype. The chapter considers the reasons for etiological ambiguity and suggests future research directions to meet some of these challenges.
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Šutovský, Juraj. "Surgical Treatment of Neural Tube Defects." In Spina Bifida and Craniosynostosis - New Perspectives and Clinical Applications. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95408.
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Neural tube defects (NTDs) are developmental pathologies associated with undesirable lifelong consequences. Incidence of these pathologies differs between countries and regions depending on socio-economic and healthcare quality. It is also influenced by folic acid and zinc supplementation. Genetic factors influence probability of NTD, increasing risk of defect in siblings up to 3–8%. Estimated incidence in United States is 3–4/10000 live births, and worldwide incidence increases on about 10/10000 live births. Despite various types and localizations of spina bifida, in all of them neural tissue is in danger. This can lead to various types of neurologic disorders. Not only due to direct damaging of spinal cord and nerve roots but also other parts of central nervous system are also endangered by disturbed prenatal development. Other consequences as orthopedic abnormalities, bladder, and bowel dysfunction influence quality of life. Surgical therapy is often the only possibility to preserve existing function of neural tissue, allows its further development and prevents complications. In this chapter surgical techniques with aim to restore spinal cord and nerve roots anatomy, preservation of its function and defect closures are presented. Also, treatment of possible comorbidities and complications is discussed. Spina bifida management requires multi-speciality cooperation and care to monitor, prevent and treat various potential complication that can negatively influence quality of life and even survival. Prenatal diagnosis is based on maternal screening of serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels and prenatal ultrasonography examination. As the suspicion of neural tube defect arises, an amniocentesis is recommended to complete a genetic analysis and obtain amniotic fluid for more precise AFP and acetylcholinesterase examination. Some types of neural tube defects are diagnosed after delivery, some are symptomatic until adulthood and some are diagnosed incidentally. Each of them requires specific management, based on underlying pathology.
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Haroutounian, Joanne. "Kindling the Spark: Early Development." In Kindling the Spark. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195129489.003.0020.
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Alullaby winds its way through the intimate confines of the nursery, as a restless baby is soothed to sleep. The rhythm and rocking chair synchronize a pulse as a mother sings softly to her child. The baby listens to the gentle flow of the melody, which drifts into a hum that vibrates against the sleeping child’s tiny head. A few short years later, Mom smiles as she looks in to her three-year-old’s room. Her daughter is nestled in the same rocking chair, singing a rather lopsided version of the same lullaby, gently stroking a rag doll wrapped in a frayed old baby blanket. Children listen before they are born. They are aware of their mother’s heartbeat and the different environmental sounds that filter into the cozy womb. They are surrounded by the low-pitched pulsating sounds of their mother’s cardiovascular system at work. Studies show that pregnant singers find their babies much quieter when they are singing. Instrumentalists report the opposite effect, with lots of internal activity when they are performing. Even before birth, a child recognizes the sound of a mother’s voice and responds to music or familiar sounds. Prenatal studies abound that can measure the movements and startle reflexes of these yet-to-be-born listeners. Loud, sudden noises (above 100 db) cause the fetal heart to beat faster and an immediate startle response. One experiment zapped 15 seconds of a Bach organ prelude (at 100 db) through headphones nestled close to a mother’s abdomen. Not surprisingly, the fetal heart rate accelerated within five seconds of this musical stimulation. Once a baby is born, the effects of these prenatal sounds still have an influence on behavior. Studies of newborns by Salk in the 1960s resulted in the popularity of crib devices that play the sound of an adult heartbeat to soothe babies to sleep. Other studies show the same soothing effect for seven-day-old neonates listening to taped sounds of intrauterine background noises. From birth, the mother’s voice is distinguished from other women’s voices and recognized more readily than the father’s voice—again stemming from prenatal listening experiences.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Prenatal events"
1
Liu, Xiaoqin, Kathrine Madsen, Camilla Sejbæk, Henrik Kolstad, Jørn Olsen, Karin Hougaard, Kirsten Hansen, Niklas Andersson, Reiner Rugulies, and Vivi Schlünssen. "Prenatal exposure to negative life events and job stress and asthma risk." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.oa335.
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Chiu, Yueh-Hsiu M., Michelle J. Sternthal, Rebecca Fein, Joel Schwartz, Sheldon Cohen, and Rosalind J. Wright. "Maternal Prenatal Community Violence Exposure And Repeated Wheeze Risk In Urban Children: Interactions With Negative Life Events And Traffic-Related Air Pollution Exposure During Pregnancy." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a3798.
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3
Soares Bicalho, Thamires, Ana Paula Ferreira, Larissa Azevedo da Hora, Roberta Lastorina Rios, Thaís Aparecida de Castro Palermo, and Carolina Magalhães Santos. "Neonatal mortality: the profile of deaths in the state of Rio de Janeiro." In 7th International Congress on Scientific Knowledge. Biológicas & Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25242/8868113820212406.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Deaths that occur up to 27 days of life are related to maternal and child health. However, the health of the mother-child binomial is built from the beginning of family planning, the responsibility of prenatal care; the technical conduction of childbirth and postpartum with a sensitive observation of the first hours of life. In professional practice, death is classified as earlyand late depending on the postpartum survival time, with Brazilian indicators revealing 53.2% of occurrences related to the first 6 days of life. Given the negative context, this study aimed to reveal the epidemiological profile of neonatal mortality in the state of Rio de Janeiro and relate the causes that may have corroborated the occurrences. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with cuts between the years 2008 to 2018 (11 years) which, after the data collected from the federal platform TabNet, were distributed in frequency tables for descriptive statistical analysis using the SPSS software version 24.0. From the data collected, it can be stated that the largest proportion of deaths occurred in the early neonatal stage, especially in the city of Rio de Janeiro, which over the years had the highest number of occurrences of all states, but with a pending period of average investigation of the last triennium of 16%. The majority of deaths occurred in the hospital environment, in premature male babies, born by cesarean delivery, low birth weight, of brown race/color with causes of death from conditions originating from the perinatal period such as pneumonia, born to women aged between 20 to 29 years, with study time of 12 years or more. Maternal and child health is a priority within public health policies, however, the population suffers from the reduction or stagnation of investments that optimize the strengthening of the policy by expanding the network of access to consultations, tests, treatment, andmonitoring of puerperal needs. The overload of health professionals working in the unit can also make it difficult to provide care since there is productivity to be achieved, which can interfere with the quality and time of listening and observation of consultations. Given the detailed work, it is concluded that municipal health policies should use their finances to mitigate risk events from prenatal care, turning their eyes to the quality of access to health that it provides in relation to the physical structure, diagnostic equipment, waiting for time and updating of health professionals.
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Gizynska, Monika. "Permissibility of Pregnancy Termination – the Legal Reality in Poland After the Ruling of Constitutional Tribunal K 1/20." In The 8th International Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iscflul.8.2.17.
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The article presents selected issues related to constitutional guarantees for the legal protection of a child's life in the prenatal period in the event of a collision of rights. The author analyses the problem concerning the legal status of a child in the prenatal phase of life, as well as acceptability and bounds of terminating pregnancy. The author examines the ruling of the Constitutional Tribunal in Poland of 22 October 2020 held that prenatal examinations or other medical data indicate a high probability of serious and irreversible disability of the foetus or an incurable life-threatening disease, was contrary to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland.
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Savenysheva, S. S., M. E. Blokh, N. L. Pleshkova та M. A. Mayer. "ПРЕНАТАЛЬНЫЕ ФАКТОРЫ ПСИХИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ МЛАДЕНЦА В ПЕРИОД ПАНДЕМИИ КОРОНАВИРУСА". У ПЕРВЫЙ МЕЖКОНТИНЕНТАЛЬНЫЙ ЭКСТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫЙ КОНГРЕСС «ПЛАНЕТА ПСИХОТЕРАПИИ 2022: ДЕТИ. СЕМЬЯ. ОБЩЕСТВО. БУДУЩЕЕ». Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54775/ppl.2022.22.74.001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The coronavirus-19 pandemic has become a serious stressor and can provoke an increase in emotional distress in pregnant women. The influence of unfavorable factors during pregnancy causes a responsive "adaptive response" in both the pregnant woman and the fetus, which has various long-term consequences for the child's development. The aim of our study was to investigate influence of perinatal factors such as anxiety, depression, PTSD and attachment of women in pregnancy and after birth on infants’ development during a pandemic. Sample. 1 st stage: 120 women age 28,7 years, 61% in 3rd trimester living in Russia. Measures: Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment, Impact of Events Scale, State and Trait Anxiety, Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale, Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale, Pregnant woman attitude test, Kent Infant Development Scale. Result. A study of the emotional state in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic revealed a high level of state anxiety in 39% of pregnant women, a level of PTSD exceeding critical in 16% of pregnant women, the presence of various syndromes and DSM-associated disorders, including depressive disorder (10.3%) combined with mental health problem such as avoidance (9.7%). The study of the attitude towards pregnancy and the child revealed a high level of prenatal attachment and the predominance of the optimal type of attitude towards pregnancy. Preliminary data on the mental development of infants (29 infants, mean age 6,6 months) show lagging on the social, cognition, and self-care scales. Data on postnatal factors and its influence on child development will be presented later. Пандемия коронавируса-19 стала серьезным стресс-фактором и может спровоцировать усиление стресса у беременных. Воздействие неблагоприятных факторов во время беременности вызывает ответную «приспособительную реакцию» как у беременной, так и у плода, что имеет различные отдаленные последствия для развития ребенка. Целью нашего исследования является изучение влияния перинатальных факторов, таких как тревога, депрессия, посттравматическое стрессовое расстройство и привязанность женщин во время беременности и после рождения, на психическое развитие младенцев в условиях пандемии коронавируса. Выборка. На первом этапе в исследовании приняло участие 120 женщин (средний возраст – 28,7 лет), 61% в 3 триместре, проживающих в России. Методики: шкала психологического функционирования (The Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment), шкала посттравматического стресса, шкала ситуативной тревоги, методика пренатальной привязанности матери, методика постнатальной привязанности матери, тест отношения беременной женщины, шкала развития младенцев (KID). Результаты. Изучение эмоционального состояния беременных в период пандемии COVID-19 выявило высокий уровень ситуационной тревожности у 39% беременных, уровень ПТСР, превышающий критический у 16% беременных, наличие различных синдромов и ДСМ-ассоциированных расстройств, в том числе депрессивное расстройство (10,3%) в сочетании с проблемами психического здоровья, такими как избегание (9,7%). Изучение отношения к беременности и ребенку выявило высокий уровень пренатальной привязанности и преобладание оптимального типа отношения к беременности. Предварительные данные об психическом развитии младенцев (29 детей, средний возраст 6,6 мес.) показывают отставание по шкалам социального и когнитивного развития, и самообслуживания. Данные о постнатальных факторах и их влиянии на развитие ребенка будут представлены в докладе.
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Uzel, Sebastien, and Markus J. Buehler. "Molecular and Mesoscale Mechanisms of Osteogenesis Imperfecta Disease." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13160.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Collagen is a crucial structural protein material, formed through a hierarchical assembly of tropocollagen molecules, arranged in collagen fibrils that constitute the basis for larger-scale fibrils and fibers. Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder in collagen characterized by mechanically weakened tendon, fragile bones, skeletal deformities and in severe cases prenatal death. Even though many studies have attempted to associate specific mutation types with phenotypic severity, the mechanisms by which a single point mutation influences the mechanical behavior of tissues at multiple length-scales remain unknown. In this study, we report a series of systematic molecular scale based bottom-up computational experiments focused on pure collagenous tissue, carried out using atomistic-level molecular dynamics (MD), adaptive Poison-Boltzmann solver (APBS) calculations, and a mesoscale molecular model of collagen fibrils.
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Salsabilla, Dinda Anindita, Hanung Prasetya, and Bhisma Murti. "The Effect of Unplanned Pregnancy on Antenatal Depression: A Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.116.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Background: Family planning is a potential strategy for the prevention of postpartum depression. Women who report unintended pregnancies during prenatal care must be educated of their increased risk, even if they do not exhibit antenatal depressive symptoms. This study aimed to examine the effect of unplanned pregnancy on antenatal depression. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic review toward unplanned pregnancy and antenatal depression. The study was conducted by selected published articles from 2010 to 2020 in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Springer Link electronic databases. “unplanned pregnancy” AND “antenatal depression” OR “risk factor” AND “antenatal depression” OR “antenatal depression” AND “cross sectional” AND “EPDS” AND “adjusted odd ratio” keywords were used to collected the articles. The inclusion criteria were full text, using cross-sectional study, and reporting adjusted odd ratio. The articles were analyzed using PRISMA guidelines and Revman 5.3. Results: 7 articles were reported that unplanned pregnancy escalated the risk of antenatal depression (aOR= 2.32; 95% CI=1.86 to 2.90; p<0.001). Conclusion: Unplanned pregnancy escalates the risk of antenatal depression. Keywords: unplanned pregnancy, depression, pregnancy Correspondence: Dinda Anindita Salsabilla. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: dindaaninditasalsa@gmail.com. Mobile: 081249007525. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.116
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Castro, Ana Flávia Silva, Natália Barros Salgado Vieira, and Sarah Joanny da Silva Pereira. "Correlation between Zika virus and microcephaly as a consequence of congenital infection." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.629.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction: The Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus of RNA, whose transmission is mainly vector - by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes - but it also occurs through sexual, blood and transplacental transmission, with the last mentioned it was possible to verify serious neurological effects in the epidemic in South America, especially in Brazil, between 2015 and 2016. Objectives: To analyze the relationship between Zika virus infection and microcephaly in recent scientific literature. Methodology: Refers to a bibliographic review in the databases SciELO, LILACS and MEDLINE / Pubmed, with the terms “zika virus”, “infection” and “microcephaly” correlated in Portuguese and in English; 78 articles were found, but only 7 followed for analysis. Articles published more than 5 years ago and out of the proposed theme were disregarded. Results: The Zika virus, although similar to the dengue and chikungunya virus, it has a tendency to cause damage to the central nervous system such as Guillain-Barré Syndrome. However, the association between microcephaly and ZIKV started to be more observed through the increase of the disease among fetuses and newborns of mothers who had been infected during the gestational phase in the epidemic that happened in Brazil. It is known that the development of the nervous system is the product of processes of high proliferation and cellular differentiation, in which even small errors generate dangerous impacts, and it is during this period that ZIKV affects the CNS of the fetus. The disease is characterized by the reduction of the brain perimeter, in this context, is a consequence of abnormalities influenced by the virus. Conclusions: Microcephaly is a complex disease; therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the importance of primary care and other spheres for monitoring Zika virus infections, prenatal care and constant psychosocial monitoring. Furthermore, it is necessary to understand the relevance of studies about ZIKV and microcephaly, and to encourage scientific production in this area.
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Oliveira, Jefferson Borges de, Caroline Berthier Zanin, Gustavo Carreira Henriques, Maiévi Liston, Rafael Glória Zatta, Rodrigo de Faria Martins, and Tatiana Pizzolotto Bruch. "Pallister-Hall Syndrome - case report." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.575.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In 1980, Hall et all described a syndrome characterized by “hamartoblastoma”, hypopituitarism, unperfurated anus, polydactyly postaxial and numerous visceral anomalies, today known as Pallister-Hall Syndrome. On the study, Hall et all reported six cases of children with that malformation syndrome - lethal on neonatal period. None of the newborns had anterior hypophysis and the hypothalamic tumor was apparent in the inferior part of the brain, going from the optic chiasm to the interpeduncular fossa. Besides, other anomalies were found, such as: laryngeal split, abnormal pulmonary lobation, renal agenesis or dysplasia, shorts fourth metacarpals, nail dysplasia, multiple mouth frenulum, hypoadrenalism, congenital cardiomyopathy and intrauterine growth retardation. Every case was sporadic, the chromosome were apparently normal, without consaguinity relations. Several similar, milder and even asymptomatic cases were described later on. Kletter and Biesecker (1992), Topf et all (1993) and Penman Splitt et all (1994), define the disease as dominant autosomal inheritance. Kettler and Biesecker (1992) stated that most cases as sporadic as a result of a gene mutation with variable expressiveness. According to Biesecker et al (1996), an international workshop determined diagnostic criteria to the Syndrome: Hypothalamic Hamartroma and Central Polydactyly; First degree relative with hypothalamic hamartroma and polydactyly; Dominant autosomal parrent inheritance or in a consistent form with germaine mosaicism. The radiological changes are important for differential diagnosis between Pallister-Hall Syndrome and other hamartroma-present diseases. The hypothalamic hamartroma isolated has phenotypical features and causes hormonal disorders such as early puberty. On the MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging) it shows hyperintese sign on attenuated fluid. On the other hand, the Pallister-Hall Syndrome the hamartroma shows itself as a isointense signs along with other deformities as polydactyly, for example. According to Kuo et al (1999), on MRI, the classic hypothalamic hamartroma isn’t calcified, is homogenous and isointense to the grey matter on weight images in T1, and isointense and often hyperintense on weight images in T2. Those findings are pretty distinctive and help distinguish the hypothalamic hamartroma from ordinary lesions, as craniopharyngioma and hypothalamic/opticalchiasmic glioma, observed in children. Case report: The patient ALDV, male, born in 30/12/1995, was referred to evaluation on the Medical Genetic Service from HCPA. At the time, aged one year and 8 months, he was the only son of a young, healthy couple with no consanguinity. The family history of similar cases or other genetic pathologies are unknown. The prenatal happened with no intercurrences, unless the smoking mother. It was a natural birth; Birth Weight: 2kg; High: 42cm; PC: 32cm. APGAR 9. At 8 months, starts an investigation for precocious puberty, and a karyotype was performed in her hometown: 46, XY (normal). He presents convulsive crises since one year old. DNPM: cephalic support when he had 8 months, sat without support at the age of one. Physical examination: Head circumference in the 97th percentile, length above the 97th percentile. Good general condition, dysmorphic, facies with fusion of eyebrows (sinofre), epicanthus, small nose, dysplastic ears with a broad shield, three café-au-lait spots on the body. Presence of pubic hair. Increase in length and diameter of the penis, as well as of the testicles, in relation to chronological age. In the hands, significant brachydactyly with bitateral hexadactyly. In the feet, bilateral hexadactyly. Proximal cutaneous syndactyly between the 2nd and 3rd bilateral arthroids, mainly on the right. Additional exams: Rx of hands and wrists for bone age: 7 years; Chronological Age: 1 year and 10 months. Normal abdominal ultrasound; Computed Tomography of Skull/Magnetic Resonance of Skull: hypothalamic expansive lesion (3 cm), compatible with hamartoma; triventricular hydrocephalus; Cavum septum pellucidum. Endocrinological Evaluation: compatible with precocious puberty of central cause. High resolution karyotype: 46, XY (normal). Computed tomography of the brain: Examination for neurological control, performed on 10/12/2014, 18-year-old patient. It was observed solid nodular formation in the hypothalamic region, hypodense, with well-defined limits, in close contact with the mesencephalon, without impregnation by contrast medium administered intravenously, measuring about 2.9 X 2.4 X 3.0 cm, in the respective laterolateral, anteroposterior and craniocaudal planes, which in correlation with the patient’s clinical history may be related to hypothalamic Hamartoma.
Звіти організацій з теми "Prenatal events"
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Levi, Brittany E. Choledochal Cysts: In Brief with Dr. Alexander Bondoc. Stay Current, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47465/sc1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Choledochal cysts are a core pathology in pediatric surgery, affecting 1/100,000 live births in the western world, and 1/13,000 in eastern asia. These cysts are classified by the Todani classification, types I-V, in respect to their location and underlying pathophysiology. Infants and children presenting with stigmata of biliary disease should undergo evaluation for choledocal cyst. Workup includes axial imaging, ultrasonography, and laboratory investigation. A liver biopsy is necessary in neonates and newborns to rule out cystic biliary atresia, which would require further evaluation and management. Large choledochal cysts may be visualized on prenatal ultrasound, and warrant referral to a fetal care center for postnatal work up and monitoring. Management of choledochal cysts is dependent on the anatomic variant and spans from ERCP with sphincterotomy, to cyst excision with ductal and alimentary tract reconstruction. Type V choledochal cysts may require liver transplantation. Long term follow up is required due to an enhanced risk of future malignancy, even after resection.
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Levi, Brittany E., Rodrigo G. Gerardo, Alexander J. Bondoc, Rachel E. Hanke, Chandler Gibson, Ellen M. Encisco, and Todd A. Ponsky. Choledochal Cysts: In Brief with Dr. Alexander Bondoc. Stay Current, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47465/sc00001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Choledochal cysts are a core pathology in pediatric surgery, affecting 1/100,000 live births in the western world, and 1/13,000 in eastern asia. These cysts are classified by the Todani classification, types I-V, in respect to their location and underlying pathophysiology. Infants and children presenting with stigmata of biliary disease should undergo evaluation for choledocal cyst. Workup includes axial imaging, ultrasonography, and laboratory investigation. A liver biopsy is necessary in neonates and newborns to rule out cystic biliary atresia, which would require further evaluation and management. Large choledochal cysts may be visualized on prenatal ultrasound, and warrant referral to a fetal care center for postnatal work up and monitoring. Management of choledochal cysts is dependent on the anatomic variant and spans from ERCP with sphincterotomy, to cyst excision with ductal and alimentary tract reconstruction. Type V choledochal cysts may require liver transplantation. Long term follow up is required due to an enhanced risk of future malignancy, even after resection.