Статті в журналах з теми "Premortem"

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1

Gilmartin, Heather, Emily Lawrence, Chelsea Leonard, Marina McCreight, Lynette Kelley, Brandi Lippmann, Andrew Coy, and Robert E. Burke. "Brainwriting Premortem." Journal of Nursing Care Quality 34, no. 2 (2019): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ncq.0000000000000360.

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2

Konrad, Horst R. "Premortem Data Collection." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 98, no. 12_suppl (December 1989): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489489098s1223.

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3

Klein, Gary. "Performing a Project Premortem." IEEE Engineering Management Review 36, no. 2 (2008): 103–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emr.2008.4534313.

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4

Hunter, Aren, Tania Randall, and Heather Colbert. "Intuitive Insights For Course Of Action Development." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, no. 1 (September 2018): 212–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621050.

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Defence Research and Development Canada - Atlantic has been investigating ideas and tools to aid shipboard planning teams with course of action (COA) development. Considerable previous research on operational planning suggests that the process is not well-suited to shipboard planning. In light of the shortcomings of current planning methods, the PreMortem method was investigated as a methodology to aid shipboard planning teams in developing more intuitive and creative COAs. The aim of this research was to evaluate planning teams’ acceptance, ease of use and perceived value of the PreMortem as an addition to traditional decision matrix planning methods. The results suggest that the PreMortem method adds value in the form of COA creativity over traditional planning methods. The PreMortem method is a recommended addition to the current process.
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5

Melero, Ignacio, Maite Alvarez, Luna Minute, and Pedro Berraondo. "Premortem Tumor Stress in Radioimmunotherapy." Trends in Cancer 6, no. 3 (March 2020): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trecan.2020.01.001.

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6

Rodríguez Jiménez, J. C., F. J. Moreno Paz, L. G. Argueta Jiménez, and J. I. Castro Macías. "Premortem diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 381 (October 2017): 773–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2184.

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7

Garbern, J., A. M. Spence, and E. C. Alvord. "Balo's concentric demyelination diagnosed premortem." Neurology 36, no. 12 (December 1, 1986): 1610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.36.12.1610.

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8

Bettin, Briana, Kelly S. Steelman, Charles Wallace, Dana Pontious, and Elizabeth S. Veinott. "Identifying and Addressing Risks in the Early Design of a Sociotechnical System through Premortem." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 66, no. 1 (September 2022): 1514–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181322661307.

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Anticipating risks in software development is always challenging, but particularly so when the software application is part of a novel sociotechnical system with various human and physical components. Our interdisciplinary team of software engineering and human factors researchers is designing such a system. In order to identify and mitigate the risks latent in this previously unexplored space, we have used the premortem method at an early stage in system design. In the premortem, the team ideated failure scenarios across the range of system use, then collaborated on ways to eliminate, mitigate, or monitor the risks of these failures. We have found the premortem method valuable in recognizing and mitigating previously unanticipated risks and in enriching team communication.
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9

Schreiber, Tanya P., and Marsha J. Bennett. "Identification and Validation of Premortem Surge." Journal of Hospice & Palliative Nursing 16, no. 7 (October 2014): 430–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/njh.0000000000000094.

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10

Morphet, John A. M. "Congenital coronary artery anomalies: diagnosable, premortem?" Journal of the American College of Cardiology 38, no. 5 (November 2001): 1587–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01544-3.

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11

Cantor, Norman L. "Could Premortem Organ Retrieval Be Lawful?" American Journal of Bioethics 12, no. 6 (June 2012): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2012.672620.

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12

Karampela, Sevasti, Jessica Smith, and Irene Panderi. "Determination of 19 Psychoactive Substances in Premortem and Postmortem Whole Blood Samples Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry." Separations 8, no. 6 (June 3, 2021): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations8060078.

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An ever-increasing need exists within the forensic laboratories to develop analytical processes for the qualitative and quantitative determination of a broad spectrum of new psychoactive substances. Phenylethylamine derivatives are among the major classes of psychoactive substances available on the global market and include both amphetamine analogues and synthetic cathinones. In this work, an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-positive ion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric method (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) has been developed and fully validated for the determination of 19 psychoactive substances, including nine amphetamine-type stimulants and 10 synthetic cathinone derivatives, in premortem and postmortem whole blood. The assay was based on the use of 1 mL premortem or postmortem whole blood, following solid phase extraction prior to the analysis. The separation was achieved on a Poroshell 120 EC-C18 analytical column with a gradient mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water in 9 min. The dynamic multiple reaction monitoring used in this work allowed for limit of detection (LOD) and lower limit of quantitation (LOQ) values of 0.5 and 2 ng mL−1, respectively, for all analytes both in premortem and postmortem whole blood samples. A quadratic calibration model was used for the 12 quantitative analytes over the concentration range of 20–2000 ng mL−1, and the method was shown to be precise and accurate both in premortem and postmortem whole blood. The method was applied to the analysis of real cases and proved to be a valuable tool in forensic and clinical toxicology.
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13

BRADY, MICHAEL T., and ROMBLIA MAY. "Premortem isolation of Saint Louis encephalitis virus." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 4, no. 5 (September 1985): 548–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006454-198509000-00022.

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14

Battle, Ron M. "Factors Influencing Discrepancies Between Premortem and Postmortem Diagnoses." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 258, no. 3 (July 17, 1987): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1987.03400030055031.

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15

Grashow, Rachel, Marc G. Weisskopf, Aaron Baggish, Frank E. Speizer, Alicia J. Whittington, Lee Nadler, Ann Connor, et al. "Premortem Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Diagnoses in Professional Football." Annals of Neurology 88, no. 1 (May 4, 2020): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.25747.

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16

Battle, R. M. "Factors influencing discrepancies between premortem and postmortem diagnoses." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 258, no. 3 (July 17, 1987): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.258.3.339.

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17

Shany, Eilon, Kyla Marks, Aviva Levitas, Agneta Golan, Ramy Abramsky, Benjamin H. Taragin, and Ilan Shelef. "Clinical Application of Postmortem Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Neonates." Neonatology 118, no. 1 (2021): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000512923.

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<b><i>Background:</i></b> Recent reports advocate the use of MRI either as a substitute for postmortem examinations or for a more targeted autopsy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A full-body postmortem MRI (pMRI) of infants was performed as early as possible after death, and findings were compared to clinical premortem diagnoses. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Thirty-one infants were scanned during the study period. Median gestation at birth was 34 weeks (ranges: 24–43). In 3 (10%) cases, no new findings were detected. In 2 (6%), new minor findings not related to the cause of death were detected, and in 17 (55%), new minor findings related to the cause of death were detected. New major findings related to the cause of death were detected in 4 (13%) cases, and new major findings not related to the cause of death were detected in 5 (16%) cases. In 3 (10%), findings thought to alter the perceived cause of death were detected. Overall, in 23 (74%) cases, pMRI findings reinforced the clinical premortem diagnoses. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> pMRI is a culturally accepted alternative when autopsy is not performed and can either reinforce, refute, or add to premortem clinical diagnoses.
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18

Kyle, Robert A., and Morie A. Gertz. "Premortem recognition of systemic senile amyloidosis with cardiac involvement." Neuromuscular Disorders 6 (February 1996): S44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8966(96)88874-2.

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19

Murayi, Roger, James Schmitt, John H. Woo, and Joseph R. Berger. "Spinal cord progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy detected premortem by MRI." Journal of NeuroVirology 21, no. 6 (July 3, 2015): 688–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13365-015-0342-2.

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20

Cisek, Katryna K., and Jeff A. Kuret. "Rational Design of Early Premortem Alzheimer's Disease Diagnostic Agents." Biophysical Journal 100, no. 3 (February 2011): 395a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.2345.

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21

Gioeva, Z. V., та A. A. Ephiev. "Сardiopylmonary transthyretin amyloidosis". CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MORPHOLOGY 9, № 4 (2020): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31088/cem2020.9.4.71-76.

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Wild type transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRwt) affects a number of target organs, most commonly the heart. Over the last years, autopsy findings revealed that the lungs are involved in the pathological process more frequently than diagnosed in premortem cases. Due to the nonspecific nature of ATTRwt clinical manifestations and the presence of multiple concomitant conditions in elderly people, the majority of patients are diagnosed at a late stage or the disease is overlooked. As a result, ATTRwt has emerged as a previously underestimated cause of morbidity and mortality in the older age group. This article presents a clinical case report describing an 88-year-old female patient with generalized transthyretin amyloidosis characterized by predominant cardiac and pulmonary involvement. The paper elucidates the difficulties associated with premortem diagnosis of this type of amyloidosis which include the absence of amyloid deposits in biopsy specimens from the rectum and subcutaneous fat. The specific information in this case report is focused on the discrepancy between clinical and autopsy diagnosis. Keywords: wild type transthyretin amyloidosis, cardiac amyloidosis, pulmonary amyloidosis, senile amy-loidosis, chronic heart failure
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22

BORGES, Aércio Sebastião, Marcelo Simão FERREIRA, Sérgio de Andrade NISHIOKA, Marco Túlio Alvarenga SILVESTRE, Arnaldo Moreira SILVA, and Ademir ROCHA. "Agreement between premortem and postmortem diagnoses in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome observed at a brazilian teaching hospital." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 39, no. 4 (July 1997): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651997000400007.

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Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the main causes of death in adults worldwide. More commonly than in the general population, in patients with AIDS there is substantial disagreement between causes of death which are clinically suspected and those established by postmortem examination. The findings of 52 postmortem examinations were compared to the premortem (clinical) diagnoses, and there was 46% agreement between them. Fifty two percent of the patients had more than one postmortem diagnosis, and 48% had at least one AIDS-related disease not suspected clinically. Cytomegalovirus infection was the commonest (30.7%) autopsy finding, but not a single case had been suspected premortem. Bacterial infection, tuberculosis, and histoplasmosis were also common, sometimes not previously suspected, postmortem findings. This study shows that multiple infections occur simultaneously in AIDS patients, and that many among them are never suspected before the postmortem examination. These findings suggest that an aggressive investigation of infections and cancers should be done in patients with AIDS, particularly in those who do not respond to therapy of an already recognized condition
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23

Gioeva, Z. V., та A. A. Ephiev. "Сardiopylmonary transthyretin amyloidosis". CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MORPHOLOGY 9, № 4 (2020): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31088/cem2020.9.4.71-76.

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Анотація:
Wild type transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRwt) affects a number of target organs, most commonly the heart. Over the last years, autopsy findings revealed that the lungs are involved in the pathological process more frequently than diagnosed in premortem cases. Due to the nonspecific nature of ATTRwt clinical manifestations and the presence of multiple concomitant conditions in elderly people, the majority of patients are diagnosed at a late stage or the disease is overlooked. As a result, ATTRwt has emerged as a previously underestimated cause of morbidity and mortality in the older age group. This article presents a clinical case report describing an 88-year-old female patient with generalized transthyretin amyloidosis characterized by predominant cardiac and pulmonary involvement. The paper elucidates the difficulties associated with premortem diagnosis of this type of amyloidosis which include the absence of amyloid deposits in biopsy specimens from the rectum and subcutaneous fat. The specific information in this case report is focused on the discrepancy between clinical and autopsy diagnosis. Keywords: wild type transthyretin amyloidosis, cardiac amyloidosis, pulmonary amyloidosis, senile amy-loidosis, chronic heart failure
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24

Glausier, Jill R., Mary Ann Kelly, Samantha Salem, Kehui Chen, and David A. Lewis. "Proxy measures of premortem cognitive aptitude in postmortem subjects with schizophrenia." Psychological Medicine 50, no. 3 (March 14, 2019): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291719000382.

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AbstractBackgroundPostmortem human brain studies provide the molecular, cellular, and circuitry levels of resolution essential for the development of mechanistically-novel interventions for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. However, the absence of measures of premortem cognitive aptitude in postmortem subjects has presented a major challenge to interpreting the relationship between the severity of neural alterations and cognitive deficits within the same subjects.MethodsTo begin addressing this challenge, proxy measures of cognitive aptitude were evaluated in postmortem subjects (N = 507) meeting criteria for schizophrenia, major depressive or bipolar disorder, and unaffected comparison subjects. Specifically, highest levels of educational and occupational attainment of the decedent and their parents were obtained during postmortem psychological autopsies.ResultsConsistent with prior findings in living subjects, subjects with schizophrenia had the lowest educational and occupational attainment relative to all other subject groups, and they also failed to show the generational improvement in attainment observed in all other subject groups.ConclusionsEducational and occupational attainment data obtained during postmortem psychological autopsies can be used as proxy measures of premortem cognitive function to interrogate the neural substrate of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia.
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25

Takahashi, Hidehiro, Toshinari Iwata, Yoshinori Kitagawa, Reisuke H. Takahashi, Yuko Sato, Hideki Wakabayashi, Miwa Takashima та ін. "Increased Levels of ɛ and γ Isoforms of 14-3-3 Proteins in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease". Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 6, № 6 (1 листопада 1999): 983–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.6.6.983-985.1999.

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ABSTRACT We established four hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against 14-3-3 proteins. Immunoblot analysis revealed that ɛ and γ isoforms were specifically increased in premortem cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Furthermore, dot immunoblot analysis showed that MAbs were more specific for native antigen than polyclonal antibodies were.
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26

Demirkiran, Dua Sumeyra, Ibrahim Ortanca, Mustafa Sahan, Adnan Celikel, and Muhammet Mustafa Arslan. "A Comparison between Premortem and Postmortem Diagnosis in Trauma Cases." Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 03, no. 04 (2015): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/fmar.2015.34015.

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27

Kyle, Robert A., Peter C. Spittell, Morie A. Gertz, Chin-Yang Li, William D. Edwards, Lyle J. Olson, and Stephen N. Thibodeau. "The premortem recognition of systemic senile amyloidosis with cardiac involvement." American Journal of Medicine 101, no. 4 (October 1996): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9343(96)00229-x.

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28

Lee, Kelvin H., and Michael G. Harrington. "Premortem diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by cerebrospinal fluid analysis." Lancet 348, no. 9031 (September 1996): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)24039-5.

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29

Streat, Stephen J., and Ian D. Civil. "Injury scaling at autopsy: The comparison with premortem clinical data." Accident Analysis & Prevention 22, no. 3 (June 1990): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0001-4575(90)90016-e.

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30

Wei, Junchao, Yi Hua, Bin Yang, Bo Wang, Samantha E. Schmitt, Bingrui Wang, Katie A. Lucy, et al. "Comparing Acute IOP-Induced Lamina Cribrosa Deformations Premortem and Postmortem." Translational Vision Science & Technology 11, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/tvst.11.12.1.

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31

Radhi, J., M. Kamouna, and J. Nyssen. "Phlegmonous Gastritis Following Coronary Bypass Surgery." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 13, no. 10 (1999): 837–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1999/418612.

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Phlegmonous gastritis is a rare, rapidly progressive and potentially fatal gastric bacterial infection. A case of phlegmonous gastritis following a coronary bypass surgery is described. This condition was not diagnosed premortem due to the nonspecific nature of the gastrointestinal symptoms. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy may be of value in establishing the diagnosis in emergencies with culture of gastric aspirate and biopsy.
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32

Goldblatt, Mark R., and Julie A. Ribes. "Mycobacterium mucogenicum Isolated From a Patient With Granulomatous Hepatitis." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 126, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2002-126-0073-mmifap.

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Abstract Mycobacterium mucogenicum is a recently characterized, rapid-growing mycobacteria rarely seen in human infections. We describe the case of a 51-year-old man with rapidly progressive granulomatous hepatitis caused by M mucogenicum. Although premortem evaluation failed to identify an etiologic agent, autopsy liver cultures produced smooth, rapid-growing mycobacterial colonies. Biochemical, growth, and cell wall fatty acid characteristics were consistent with the identification of M mucogenicum.
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33

Nelson, Gretchen A. "Dental Analysis and Determination of Occupational Activities in a Peruvian Formative Population." Dental Anthropology Journal 12, no. 1 (September 7, 2018): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26575/daj.v12i1.207.

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Dental analysis of the individuals excavated from the Roca Verde Site in southern Peru demonstrated a relationship between dental pathology and sex-related occupational activities in a Formative Period population. Instances of dental attrition, abrasion, and premortem and postmortem fractures were the majority of the dental pathology. The pathological conditions were categorized according to sex. Macroscopic and microscopic investigations of the dentition provided evidence for a sex-related occupational dichotomy.
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34

Kim, S., J. R. Jensen, K. Cisek, K. E. Funk, S. Naphade, K. Schafer, and J. Kuret. "Imaging as a Strategy for Premortem Diagnosis and Staging of Tauopathies." Current Alzheimer Research 7, no. 3 (May 1, 2010): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720510791050894.

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35

Schreiber, Tanya. "Identification and Validation of Premortem Surge: A Delphi Study (414-C)." Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 43, no. 2 (February 2012): 381–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2011.12.113.

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36

Martins, Isabelle, Mickaël Michaud, Abdul Qader Sukkurwala, Sandy Adjemian, Yuting Ma, Shensi Shen, Oliver Kepp, et al. "Premortem autophagy determines the immunogenicity of chemotherapy-induced cancer cell death." Autophagy 8, no. 3 (March 19, 2012): 413–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/auto.19009.

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37

Wille, Diana, Joana Heinzelmann, Astrid Kehlen, Marc Lütgehetmann, Dominik S. Nörz, Udo Siebolts, Anke Mueller, et al. "New Safety Aspects in Corneal Donation—Studies on SARS-CoV-2-Positive Corneal Donors." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 12 (June 9, 2022): 3312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11123312.

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Анотація:
In the tissue donation field, to prevent pathogen transmission, all donors are screened by postmortem swabs for SARS-CoV-2 using qRT–PCR. Corneas from donors who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were subjected to further investigations. Corneal transplants and culture medium from positive donors were cultured under appropriate safety conditions for further analyses. Cornea tissue samples, including sclera/limbus/cornea, and culture media were taken at different time points for testing for SARS-CoV-2 using qRT–PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) analysis. Between January and May 2021, in four donors with initial negative premortem rapid tests, SARS-CoV-2 was detected post-mortem using qRT–PCR. In these cases, SARS-CoV-2 was observed at the beginning of cultivation in both tissue and culture medium using qRT–PCR and IHC. The virus was mainly localized in the limbus epithelial cells, with a stable detection level. Premortem rapid tests are potentially insufficient to exclude SARS-CoV-2 infection in corneal donors. While, for SARS-CoV-2, the risk of infection via transplants is considered low, a residual risk remains for presymptomatic new infections. However, our investigations provide the first indications that, with organ cultures, the risk of virus transmission is minimized due to the longer minimum culture period.
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38

Hensley, Matthew K., William G. Bain, Jana Jacobs, Sham Nambulli, Urvi Parikh, Anthony Cillo, Brittany Staines, et al. "Intractable Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Prolonged Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Replication in a Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Modified T-Cell Therapy Recipient: A Case Study." Clinical Infectious Diseases 73, no. 3 (January 28, 2021): e815-e821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab072.

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Abstract A chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell therapy recipient developed severe coronavirus disease 2019, intractable RNAemia, and viral replication lasting &gt;2 months. Premortem endotracheal aspirate contained &gt;2 × 1010 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA copies/mL and infectious virus. Deep sequencing revealed multiple sequence variants consistent with intrahost virus evolution. SARS-CoV-2 humoral and cell-mediated immunity were minimal. Prolonged transmission from immunosuppressed patients is possible.
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39

McGeer, E. G., P. L. McGeer, H. Akiyama та R. Harrop. "Cortical Glutaminase, β-Glucuronidase and Glucose Utilization in Alzheimer's Disease". Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 16, S4 (листопад 1989): 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100029851.

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ABSTRACT:Large pyramidal neurons of rat and human neocortex stain immunohistochemically for phosphate-activated glutaminase (PAG). In a limited number of postmortem brains, we find large reductions in cortical PAG activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This finding is consistent with histological evidence that pyramidal neurons are affected in AD. The reductions are greater than those found in the same samples in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) but the possible deleterious effects of coma and similar premortem factors on human PAG activity have yet to be assessed. The activity of (β-glucuronidase, a lysosomal enzyme which occurs in reactive astrocytes, is elevated in the same samples. Positron emission tomography (PET) studies, using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), have demonstrated significant deficiencies in glucose metabolism in the cortex in AD, with the parietal, temporal and some frontal areas being particularly affected. We found in serial scans of 13 AD cases, including one relatively young (44-46 year old) familial case, an exacerbation of the defect over time in most cases. We have found a negative correlation between the regional metabolic rates for glucose (LCMR(s)) measured premortem and the (β-glucuronidase activities measured postmortem on a few AD cases that have come to autopsy. The correlations between LCMR(s) and PAG and ChAT activities tend to be positive. The results are consistent with previous suggestions that decreased LCMR(s) in AD reflect local neuronal loss and gliosis.
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40

Bohatý, Jan, William I. Ausich, Elise Nardin, Christian Nyhuis, and Stefan Schröder. "Coral-crinoid biocoenosis and resulting trace fossils from the Middle Devonian of the Eifel Synclines (Rhenish Massif, Germany)." Journal of Paleontology 86, no. 2 (March 2012): 282–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/11-007.1.

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Fossil echinoderms are a rich source of information concerning biotic interactions. In this study we analyzed the premortem encrustation of the highly specialized Middle Devonian rugose coralsAspasmophyllum crinophilumand ?“Adradosia” sp. on camerate crinoid stems.Aspasmophylluminfested living crinoid stems by sclerenchymal outgrowth that formed a skeletal ring but ?“Adradosia” sp. encrusted the stems rapidly, without building a ring. These coral-crinoid biocoenoses indicate a settlement advantage for the rugose corals within densely populated communities of the lower Givetian. The corals could be interpreted as large epizoozoans that benefited as secondary tierers reaching relatively high tiering levels. It also suggests the ability for the affected crinoids to repel the coral by overgrowing the corallite with a local increased stereomic growth. Because the crinoid axial canals are not penetrated, the corals cannot be considered as predators or parasites of crinoids. Therefore, the described biocoenosis is interpreted as commensalism. The speciesA. crinophilumis redescribed, and a neotype is defined, because of the loss of the initial types. Two types of ichnofossils can be attributed to the premortem encrustation of both corals. They are described asOstiocavichnusn. ichnogen. and are attributed to the stereomic response of the infested hosts. These swellings are characterized as either elliptical (Ostiocavichnus ovalisn. ichnogen. n. ichnosp. due to the assumed reaction ofA. crinophilum) or subcircular concavities (O. rotundatusn. ichnogen. n. ichnosp. due to the reaction of ?“Adradosiasp.”).
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41

Flanagan, E. P., D. S. Knopman, and B. M. Keegan. "Dementia in MS complicated by coexistent Alzheimer disease: Diagnosis premortem and postmortem." Neurology: Clinical Practice 4, no. 3 (May 15, 2014): 226–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/cpj.0000000000000030.

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42

Brierley, Joe, and David Shaw. "Premortem interventions in dying children to optimise organ donation: an ethical analysis." Journal of Medical Ethics 42, no. 7 (March 30, 2016): 424–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2015-103098.

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43

Latenser, B. A. "Comparison of premortem clinical diagnosis and autopsy findings in patients with burns." Yearbook of Critical Care Medicine 2009 (January 2009): 100–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0734-3299(08)79053-1.

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44

Kallinen, Outi, Taina A. Partanen, Kreu Maisniemi, Tom Böhling, Erkki Tukiainen, and Virve Koljonen. "Comparison of premortem clinical diagnosis and autopsy findings in patients with burns." Burns 34, no. 5 (August 2008): 595–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2007.12.010.

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45

ANDONOPOULOS, A. P. "ADULT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME: AN UNRECOGNIZED PREMORTEM EVENT IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS." Rheumatology 30, no. 5 (1991): 346–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/30.5.346.

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46

Rao, Chepyala Lakshman, and Kurasam Venkata Ramana Murthy. "Premortem Clinical Diagnoses and Postmortem Autopsy Findings in Traumatic Cases: A Comparative Study." Medico-Legal Update 17, no. 1 (2017): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-1283.2017.00030.5.

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47

Roosen, John, Eric Frans, Alexander Wilmer, Daniel C. Knockaert, and Herman Bobbaers. "Comparison of Premortem Clinical Diagnoses in Critically Ill Patients and Subsequent Autopsy Findings." Mayo Clinic Proceedings 75, no. 6 (June 2000): 562–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4065/75.6.562.

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48

DuBois, James M., Francis L. Delmonico, and Anthony M. D’Alessandro. "When Organ Donors Are Still Patients: Is Premortem Use of Heparin Ethically Acceptable?" American Journal of Critical Care 16, no. 4 (July 1, 2007): 396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2007.16.4.396.

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49

Bastami, Sohaila, Tanja Krones, and Nikola Biller-Andorno. "Whose Consent Matters? Controlled Donation After Cardiac Death and Premortem Organ-Preserving Measures." Transplantation Journal 93, no. 10 (May 2012): 965–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/tp.0b013e31824836fa.

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50

Pastores, Stephen M., Alina Dulu, Louis Voigt, Nina Raoof, Margarita Alicea, and Neil A. Halpern. "Premortem clinical diagnoses and postmortem autopsy findings: discrepancies in critically ill cancer patients." Critical Care 11, no. 2 (2007): R48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/cc5782.

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