Статті в журналах: "Preliminary Thermal Design"

1

TOTANI, Tsuyoshi, Haruaki II, Masashi WAKITA, and Harunori NAGATA. "Preliminary Thermal Design of UNITEC-1." TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES, AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN 8, ists27 (2010): Pf_1—Pf_6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2322/tastj.8.pf_1.

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Elgendy, Youssef. "PRELIMINARY DESIGN FOR SATELLITE THERMAL CONTROL SYSTEM." International Conference on Aerospace Sciences and Aviation Technology 12, ASAT CONFERENCE (May 1, 2007): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/asat.2007.24396.

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3

Park, Tae-Yong, Jang-Joon Lee, Jung-Hoon Kim, and Hyun-Ung Oh. "Preliminary Thermal Design and Analysis of Lunar Lander for Night Survival." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2018 (October 30, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4236396.

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A lunar lander is exposed to extreme lunar thermal environments with a nighttime of 14.75 earth days. Thus, a proper thermal design is an important task to guarantee a successful lunar mission. This paper describes a preliminary thermal design and analysis results of a lunar lander to ensure its survivability during lunar night. The effectiveness of the thermal designs of a lunar lander with various thermal hardwares was numerically investigated according to the landing candidate areas to determine which design is the most feasible for night survival. In addition, we analyzed the mechanical safety of the solder joint of electronic components in accordance with the operating temperature range, because it is an important factor for reducing the system power budget during night survival.

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4

Zheng, Ning, and R. A. Wirtz. "A Hybrid Thermal Energy Storage Device, Part 2: Thermal Performance Figures of Merit." Journal of Electronic Packaging 126, no. 1 (March 1, 2004): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1646420.

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Two figures of merit for hybrid Thermal Energy Storage (TES) units are developed: the volumetric figure of merit, V˜, and the temperature control figure of merit, ΔT˜. A dimensional analysis shows that these quantities are related to the performance specification of the storage unit and its physical design. A previously benchmarked semi-empirical finite volume model is used to study the characteristics of various plate-type TES-unit designs. A parametric study is used to create a database of optimal designs, which is then used to form simple correlations of V˜ and ΔT˜ in terms of design requirements and attributes. A preliminary design procedure utilizing these figures of merit is suggested. Sample calculations show that these correlations can be used to quickly determine the design attributes of a plate-type TES-unit, given design requirements.

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5

Lu, Gan, Feng Wang, Luca di Mare, Mike Moss, and Gordon May. "Data re-use for preliminary thermal-mechanical design of gas turbine engines." Aeronautical Journal 122, no. 1249 (January 4, 2018): 462–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2017.137.

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ABSTRACTThermal-mechanical design is a time-consuming process even at its preliminary design stage. This is due to the large number of components and boundary condition data, the complexity of the geometry, and the iterative nature of the design process. The conventional design process separates the geometric and physical models and results in considerable human interventions during the design process. By assigning the breakpoints to engine assembly features as internal parameters, this article reports a novel feature-based design approach where the associated boundary conditions are represented parametrically along the feature geometric contours. They are updated automatically as per the geometrical changes, including topological changes, and hence bridging the gap between the geometric and physical models. The current approach enables data re-use of both the geometries and physical information from previous engine designs to generate new designs, dispensing with the excessive human interventions. Although the methodology is generic and applicable to other design scenarios, its capability is demonstrated in this article by some representative challenging industrial applications, sitting in the 2D preliminary gas-turbine design domain. The test cases show that the method can significantly reduce the time-cost of the iterative thermal-mechanical design flow.

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Hinmers, Samuel, George H. Atkinson, Robert E. Critoph, and Michel van der Pal. "Resorption Thermal Transformer Generator Design." Energies 15, no. 6 (March 11, 2022): 2058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15062058.

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This work takes an empirical and evidence-based approach in the development of a resorption thermal transformer. It presents the initial modelling conducted to understand key performance parameters (coefficient of performance and specific mean power) before discussing a preliminary design. Experimental results from large temperature jump and isosteric heating tests have identified the importance of heat transfer in ammonia-salt systems. Both the heat transfer resistance between the salt composite adsorbent and the tube side wall, and the heat transfer from the heat transfer fluid to the tube side wall are key to realising resorption systems. The successful performance of a laboratory-scale prototype will depend on the reduction in these heat transfer resistances, and improvements may be key in future prototype machines. A sorption reactor is sized and presented, which can be scaled for length depending on the desired power output. The reactor design presented was derived using data on reaction kinetics constants and heat of reaction for calcium chloride reacting with ammonia that were obtained experimentally. The data enabled accurate modelling to realise an optimised design of a reactor, focusing on key performance indicators such as the coefficient of performance (COP) and the system power density. This design presents a basis for a demonstrator that can be used to collect and publish dynamic data and to calculate a real COP for resorption system.

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Li, Qi Bing, and Yu Huang. "Thermal Design and Thermal Analysis of Control Cabinet for Pattern Sewing Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 217-219 (November 2012): 2467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.217-219.2467.

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Thermal design and thermal analysis of control cabinet for pattern sewing machine was researched to make components’ temperature meets the requirement. Basic flow sheet of research process was introduced. Then, preliminary thermal design and thermal analysis was performed, and the computed result indicated that temperature of some components was out of limit. Next, by optimizing the location of fan and components in cabinet, the temperature of servo driver 1 to 3 dropped 11.1 oC, 10.8 oC and 11.3 oC respectively. The data shows that cabinet’s heat dissipation is improved, and the thermal design of the cabinet is reasonable. Finally, Thermal test of the prototype was performed, which proves the thermal design is effective, and the numerical simulation result is correct.

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8

Permana, Diki I., Dani Rusirawan, and Istvan Farkas. "Preliminary Design of Organic Rankine Cycle using Solar Thermal in Hungary." European Journal of Energy Research 2, no. 3 (June 28, 2022): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejenergy.2022.2.3.65.

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Renewable energy sources have grown in popularity in a variety of applications over the last century, particularly in solar power generation. Exploiting solar energy in low-medium temperature systems via the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a prospective idea for producing clean energy in remote areas at a low cost. The amount of solar energy available in Hungary is sufficient to power the ORC system. In this study, a parabolic through collector (PTC) solar collector is used to convert solar thermal energy into a heat stream that is used to boil the working fluid of R134a, which was chosen as a good ORC working fluid because it has a low boiling point as well as a low ODP and GWP value. Many recent studies have studied solar-ORC both from a theoretical and experimental point of view in various areas, especially in design system. In this study, the preliminary design that overcomes the need for solar-ORC, including an analysis of energy, the efficiency of the system, and turboexpander characteristics using different pinch temperatures (10 °C and 5 °C) will be elaborated. The weather data in June is used for initial data input, for calculations in the PTC solar collector. The result shows that the ORC system with 5 °C has a better result in view of the energy from the turbine and the thermal efficiency, compared to the ORC system with 10 °C.

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9

Williams, George J., Rhonald M. Jenkins, and M. Frank Rose. "Preliminary design of a space propulsion system utilizing stored thermal energy." Journal of Propulsion and Power 10, no. 1 (January 1994): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.23708.

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10

Delgado-Torres, Agustín M., Lourdes García-Rodríguez, and Vicente J. Romero-Ternero. "Preliminary design of a solar thermal-powered seawater reverse osmosis system." Desalination 216, no. 1-3 (October 2007): 292–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2006.12.015.

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11

Egea, A., A. García, R. Herrero-Martín, and J. Pérez-García. "Preliminary thermal characterisation of an active latent thermal energy storage system using PCM." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2116, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2116/1/012045.

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Abstract Preliminary results of energy charging/discharging processes in a latent thermal energy storage system are reported. A novel design of a rotative scrapper heat exchanger has been studied. Paraffin RT44HC is employed as a phase change material. A Coriolis flowmeter is employed for measuring the mass flow through the prototype, and PT100 temperature sensors are used for measuring the inlet and exit temperature of the heat transfer fluid.

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12

Sudadiyo, Sri. "PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF RDE FEEDWATER PUMP IMPELLER." JURNAL TEKNOLOGI REAKTOR NUKLIR TRI DASA MEGA 20, no. 1 (January 16, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/tdm.2018.20.1.3647.

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Nowadays, pumps are being widely used in the thermal power generation including nuclear power plants. Reaktor Daya Eksperimental (RDE) is a proposed nuclear reactor concept for the type of nuclear power plant in Indonesia. This RDE has thermal power 10 MWth, and uses a feedwater pump within its steam cycle. The performance of feedwater pump depends on size and geometry of impeller model, such as the number of blades and the blade angle. The purpose of this study is to perform a preliminary design on an impeller of feedwater pump for RDE and to simulate its performance characteristics. The Fortran code is used as an aid in data calculation in order to rapidly compute the blade shape of feedwater pump impeller, particularly for a RDE case. The calculations analyses is solved by utilizing empirical correlations, which are related to size and geometry of a pump impeller model, while performance characteristics analysis is done based on velocity triangle diagram. The effect of leakage, pass through the impeller due to the required clearances between the feedwater pump impeller and the volute channel, is also considered. Comparison between the feedwater pump of HTR-10 and of RDE shows similarity in the trend line of curve shape. These characteristics curves will be very useful for the values prediction of performance of a RDE feedwater pump. Preliminary design of feedwater pump provides the size and geometry of impeller blade model with 5-blades, inlet angle 14.5 degrees, exit angle 25 degrees, inside diameter 81.3 mm, exit diameter 275.2 mm, thickness 4.7 mm, and height 14.1 mm. In addition, the optimal values of performance characteristics were obtained when flow capacity was 4.8 kg/s, fluid head was 29.1 m, shaft mechanical power was 2.64 kW, and efficiency was 52 % at rotational speed 1750 rpm.Keywords: Blade, impeller, pump, RDEDESAIN AWAL IMPELER POMPA AIR UMPAN RDE. Saat ini, pompa digunakan secara luas dalam pembangkit tenaga termal termasuk pembangkit listrik tenaga nuklir. Reaktor Daya Eksperimental (RDE) merupakan konsep reaktor nuklir yang diusulkan untuk tipe PLTN di Indonesia. RDE ini memiliki daya termal 10 MWth, dan menggunakan pompa air umpan dalam siklus uapnya. Kinerja pompa air umpan bergantung pada ukuran dan geometri model impeller, seperti jumlah sudu dan sudut sudu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat rancangan awal impeller pompa air umpan untuk RDE dan untuk mensimulasikan karakteristik kinerjanya. Kode Fortran digunakan sebagai bantuan dalam penghitungan data untuk untuk mengkalkulasi secara cepat bentuk sudu impeller pompa air umpan, terutama pada kasus RDE. Analisis perhitungan dipecahkan menggunakan korelasi empiris yang terkait dengan ukuran dan geometri model impeller pompa, sedangkan analisis karakteristik kinerja dilakukan berdasarkan diagram segitiga kecepatan. Pengaruh bocoran, melalui impeler akibat celah yang diperlukan antara impeller pompa air umpan dan saluran volute, juga dipertimbangkan. Perbandingan antara pompa air umpan HTR-10 dan RDE menunjukkan kemiripan dalam garis tren bentuk kurva. Kurva karakteristik ini akan sangat berguna untuk perkiraan nilai kinerja pompa air umpan RDE. Desain awal pompa air umpan memberikan ukuran dan geometri model sudu impeller dengan 5-sudu, sudut masuk 14,5 derajat, sudut keluar 25 derajat, diameter dalam 81,3 mm, diameter luar 275,2 mm, ketebalan 4,7 mm, dan tinggi 14,1 mm. Selain itu, nilai optimal karakteristik kinerja diperoleh ketika kapasitas aliran 4,8 kg/s, head fluida 29,1 m, tenaga mekanik poros 2,64 kW, dan efisiensi 52 % pada kecepatan putaran 1750 rpm.Kata kunci: Sudu, impeler, pompa, RDE

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13

Kim, Sung-Jin, Shaelah M. Reidy, Bruce P. Block, Kensall D. Wise, Edward T. Zellers, and Katsuo Kurabayashi. "Microfabricated thermal modulator for comprehensive two-dimensional micro gas chromatography: design, thermal modeling, and preliminary testing." Lab on a Chip 10, no. 13 (2010): 1647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c001390k.

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Mitchao, Delburg P., Tsuyoshi Totani, Masashi Wakita, and Harunori Nagata. "Preliminary Thermal Design for Microsatellites Deployed from International Space Station’s Kibo Module." Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 32, no. 3 (July 2018): 789–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.t5367.

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Lafon, C., J. Y. Chapelon, F. Prat, F. Gorry, J. Margonari, Y. Theillère, and D. Cathignol. "Design and preliminary results of an ultrasound applicator for interstitial thermal coagulation." Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 24, no. 1 (January 1998): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-5629(97)00203-2.

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16

Rouch, H., O. Geoffroy, P. Rubiolo, A. Laureau, M. Brovchenko, D. Heuer, and E. Merle-Lucotte. "Preliminary thermal–hydraulic core design of the Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR)." Annals of Nuclear Energy 64 (February 2014): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2013.09.012.

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17

Richou, M., M. Missirlian, D. Guilhem, M. Lipa, P. Languille, F. Ferlay, F. Gallay, et al. "Design and preliminary thermal validation of the WEST actively cooled upper divertor." Fusion Engineering and Design 98-99 (October 2015): 1394–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.12.017.

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18

Al Arfaj, Mohammed, Nasser Al Mulhim, Abdullah Al Mulhim, and Ahmed Al Naim. "Design of Cross Flow Heat Exchanger Using Performance Charts." International Journal of System Modeling and Simulation 3, no. 2 (June 24, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijsms.2018.3.2.01.

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The manuscript reviews the various steps involved in the design of a cross flow heat exchanger. Performance charts describing the thermal performance of the heat exchanger in terms of dimensionless parameters are used to develop the preliminary design of the heat exchanger. The preliminary design involves choosing the required number of heat exchanger passes, the required number of transfer units (NTU) and the capacity rate ratio for a given heat transfer application. These dimensionless parameters account for material, flow and thermal characteristics of the heat exchanger. In addition, NTU accounts for heat exchanger size, flow configuration and the type of heat exchanger. Since the preliminary design accounts for all the major characteristics of the heat exchanger, this approach is beneficial in optimizing the heat exchanger during the design phase. Performance charts indicate that indefinitely increasing the surface area (or NTU) does not increase the rate of heat transfer. There exists a threshold limit beyond which increasing the surface area adds no benefit to the heat exchanger. Instead, it just adds weight, material and cost of the heat exchanger. It must be noted that an undersized heat exchanger for a given application may not deliver the required heat transfer and while an oversized heat exchanger will increase the capital cost. Hence, it is very important to choose the right parameters during design of a heat exchanger. From the preliminary design, the detailed design for the heat exchanger can be readily extrapolated. The benefits of using performance charts in the design of a cross flow heat exchanger are described in the manuscript.

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19

Zaman, Kamran, Umair Najeeb Mughal, and Muhammad Shakeel Virk. "Design of an Intelligent De-Icing System for Offshore Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 1602–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.1602.

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The offshore activities in cold waters have moved from shallow to deep sea waters, which require different operations as compared to activities in hot sea water. Such offshore operations in cold regions like arctic may be effected by the ice accretion on deck and other areas of structure. Ice mainly accretes from both sea spray and atmospheric icing, which can create problems for operational environment and safety of people working on offshore structures in cold regions. In this research a lab based experimental study has been carried out to preliminary design and test an intelligent thermal anti/de-icing system. The experimental study was carried out in cold room chamber of Narvik University College, where temperature can be well controlled between +10 to-30 °C. The proposed intelligent thermal based deicing system can be used to control the communication between icing sensors, weather station, heating devices and central control unit. In this preliminary design phase, a simple surface temperature control method has been developed and tested that can further provides an efficient thermal deicing method and will also be capable to control the surface temperature of objects of interest in cold regions

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20

Vujičić, Bojan, Dragan Pejić, Aleksandar Radonjić, and Vladimir Vujičić. "Preliminary design of an analog discrete uniform noise generator." Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture 25, no. 4 (2021): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/jpea25-35361.

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The paper presents the basic idea of the construction and a practical realization of a novel analog discrete uniform noise generator. The source of noise is a carbon resistor, the noise signal is linearly amplified and its value is limited in the finite small range [xg, xg]. The probability density function (PDF) of the carbon resistor thermal noise in that region is square one. By narrowing the symmetric allowable gap (interval) around zero, PDF of the noise approaches a uniform distribution. The factor of deviation from the uniform distribution is precisely defined and its value is practically negligible. In addition, the paper discusses the application of the proposed dither noise, both in the two-bit and in the multi-bit stochastic digital measurement method (SDMM). It is shown that noise is more suitable for application in multi-bit SDMM, because it is less sensitive to deviations from the uniform distribution.

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21

Yusoff, W. F. M., and N. H. Ja'afar. "Preliminary evaluation of indoor thermal comfort in Malaysia heritage mosque." MATEC Web of Conferences 277 (2019): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927702016.

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Malaysia heritage buildings are the country's architectural gems. Among them is the religious building such as mosque. The Malaysia heritage mosque is normally built in response to the local culture and environment. Unlike most of Malaysia modern mosques where air conditioning is opted as ventilation mode, the heritage mosques achieve indoor thermal comfort via the passive architectural design. Due to that, this study was executed with the purpose of investigating the indoor thermal comfort of a Malaysia heritage mosque located at traditional street in Melaka, namely Masjid Tanah. The methodology used in the study was field measurement, in which the parameters measured were the indoor and outdoor air temperatures. The field measurement was conducted for two days in the end of March and early of April 2018, from 9 am to 4 pm. The indoor predicted comfort temperature was derived using the adaptive model. The findings indicated that the measured indoor air temperatures were lower than the indoor predicted comfort temperatures at most of the time. Therefore, it shows that the passive architectural design adopted by the Malaysia heritage mosque, which is Masjid Tanah, is able to provide indoor thermal comfort to the users.

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22

Lei, Liu, Dai Guangyue, Zeng Lei, Wang Zhenfeng, and Gui Yewei. "Experimental Model Design and Preliminary Numerical Verification of Fluid–Thermal–Structural Coupling Problem." AIAA Journal 57, no. 4 (April 2019): 1715–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.j056398.

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23

Athanasopoulos, N., J. Farmasonis, and NJ Siakavellas. "Preliminary design and comparative study of thermal control in a nanosatellite through smart variable emissivity surfaces." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 233, no. 9 (August 22, 2018): 3336–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410018795809.

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The thermal radiation that is rejected or absorbed into deep space is highly variable. Ultralight smart surfaces with arrays of unit cells can be designed to change their effective emissivity and absorptivity without energy consumption, actuators, and controllers, and can be used for the temperature control of satellites. The smart surfaces work in a similar manner to thermal louvers but they are hingeless, lighter, and their activation depends on their anisotropic mechanical properties and multilayer structure. The generated thermal stresses between layers that have a high mismatch in the coefficient of thermal expansion cause large deformations and rotations within small temperature changes. The arrays of the surface open or close, and transform their geometry as a function of temperature; therefore, coatings of different thermo-optical properties are revealed or concealed, thus creating variable emissivity surfaces. The emissivity and absorptivity curves of the smart surfaces can be entirely designed as a function of temperature. Theoretically, an emissivity change equal to Δε = 0.8 can be achieved. The small thermal capacitance renders nanosatellites very susceptible to temperature fluctuations. In this study, different emissivity curves were generated to re-calculate the worst cold and hot cases, and to redesign the thermal control system of a certain nanosatellite. We studied a plethora of design cases based on the energy balance equation in steady state while considering the nanosatellite as one-node geometry. In two ideal designs, the temperature deviation of the nanosatellite in the worst cold and hot cases is limited to Δ Τ = 37 ℃ or 43 ℃ without the use of heaters. Moreover, with a power equal to 0.7 W the temperature deviation is limited to Δ Τ = 20 ℃. Consequently, the thermal fatigue is minimized and the energy consumption during the eclipse phase is reduced.

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24

Arazna, Aneta, Grażyna Kozioł, Konrad Futera, Kamil Janeczek, and Krzysztof Lipiec. "Preliminary thermal annealing tests of OLED glass samples." Microelectronics International 31, no. 3 (August 4, 2014): 212–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mi-10-2013-0047.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to determine the influence of thermal aging on the stability of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) glass samples made in ambient condition. Design/methodology/approach – The samples with yellow emitting layer (named as ADS5) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) hole transport layer were examined. Some of the devices were ultraviolet-curable epoxy encapsulation directly after performance. All samples were thermally annealed at 70°C for 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours. The characteristics current–voltage for fresh and aging samples in the range of voltage from 0-15 V were made. The temperature of OLEDs samples in real-time with a thermographic camera was measured too. Additionally, scanning electron microscope image of surface Al cathode immediately after OLED performance and after annealing tests was made. Findings – The authors stated, that irrespective of the type, the samples were undergoing the degradation. The decrease in value of the current density was registered. That were about 44 per cent and about 24 per cent after thermally annealing the samples with and without encapsulation, respectively (at tension 13 V). Additionally, there were observed massive delamination of the metal cathode. Originality/value – Influence of thermal annealing and encapsulation on the dynamic characteristics of the OLED devices fabricated in ambient condition was analyzed. There are not many papers in the literature describing examinations of OLED samples which were made in environmental conditions.

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25

Sniezewski, Julien, Yannick Le Maoult, and Philippe Lours. "In Situ Thermal Gradient Controlled Investigation of Spallation -Experimental Design and Preliminary Results." Materials Science Forum 595-598 (September 2008): 1135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.595-598.1135.

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Based on a coupled numerical and experimental approach, the design and implementation of an in situ thermal-gradient-controlled cyclic oxidation test, dedicated to the investigation of the TGO and TBC spallation, is presented. The influence of the specimen through thickness thermal gradient as well as the benefits of the video real-time monitoring of the cooling phase of an oxidation test is discussed in the case of the spallation of an alumina scale grown on FeCrAl alloys.

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26

Volte, A., C. Reynard-Carette, J. Brun, C. De Vita, M. Carette, T. Fiorido, A. Lyoussi, D. Fourmentel, J.-F. Villard, and P. Guimbal. "Study of the Flow Temperature and Ring Design Influence on the Response of a New Reduced-Size Calorimetric Cell for Nuclear Heating Quantification." EPJ Web of Conferences 170 (2018): 04026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817004026.

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This paper concerns experimental studies of different designs of a new compact calorimetric cell under laboratory conditions. This kind of cell is used for the measurement of the nuclear heating rate inside Material Testing Reactors thanks to differential calorimetry. The results, obtained by applying an operating protocol corresponding to a preliminary out-of-pile calibration step, are presented for three designs. The influence of the horizontal-fin design is shown on the calibration curve and the sensor sensitivity. The influence of the external fluid flow temperature is given for the quarter design. The different responses of the calorimetric cell are explained by taken into account a 1D analytical thermal model coupling thermal conductive and radiative transfers.

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27

Steshin, A. S., and A. V. Babkin. "Design Technique for Calculating Functional Parameters of a Rotating Shaped Charge with Preliminary Heated Liner." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Natural Sciences, no. 1 (88) (February 2020): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/1812-3368-2020-1-61-70.

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The paper considers a separate issue of the shaped charge functioning, i.e., functioning of a rotating charge under preliminary thermal action on its liner. Estimates of two oppositely directed factors are provided: 1) increase in the shaped-charge jet dynamic plasticity (limit elongation coefficient); 2) increase in the jet susceptibility to centrifugal destruction. These factors are activated by preliminary thermal action on the shaped charge liner in the jet heated in excess of usual parameters. The so-called "thermal" increase in the limit elongation coefficient was estimated using empirical and theoretical dependences of this value on the shaped-charge jet parameters, and on the characteristics of its material. Strength dependence on temperature was accepted as linearly decreasing. Centrifugal factor was estimated based on the law of kinetic moment conservation taking into consideration the gradient nature of stretching and, up to a certain point, the radial thinning of jet elements. The moment of centrifugal and strength forces relationship reaching the critical value was accepted as the beginning of the jet element centrifugal destruction. From this time moment the jet radial extension started. The law of decompaction of its enlarging part was taken from studies previously conducted by the authors. It was demonstrated that the two considered factors acting in the opposite directions in a jet were in compliance with each other ensuring optimal preliminary heating of the liner and penetration effect with a local maximum.

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Groves, Michael N., Marsha A. Singh, Gisia Beydaghyan, Matthew S. Muller, Emily Sheridan, and Dieter K. Schneider. "Design and implementation of a simple and inexpensive GISAXS sample chamber." Journal of Applied Crystallography 39, no. 1 (January 12, 2006): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889805041051.

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Anin situsample chamber designed for synchrotron grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering measurements of polymer film microstructure as a function of temperature is described. The chamber operates in a He environment and can be used to perform thermal quenching measurements for time-dependent monitoring of phase transformation kinetics. Preliminary data on a symmetric styrene–butadiene polymer are presented.

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Liu, Pingfan, Wanqun Chen, Hao Su, and Guoda Chen. "Dynamic design and thermal analysis of an ultra-precision flycutting machine tool." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 232, no. 3 (April 26, 2016): 404–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405416645257.

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This article presents the dynamic design and thermal analysis of an ultra-precision flycutting machine tool. The hydrostatic bearings are used both in the spindle and slide to ensure the stiffness of the machine tool. The fluid–structure interaction method is used to obtain the actual clearance changes of the hydrostatic bearing. The dynamic and thermal performances of the machine tool are analyzed considering the effect of hydrostatic bearings. The influence of the thermal effect on the static and dynamic performance of the machine tool is further studied. The prototype machine tool is built. Preliminary machining trials have been carried out and provided evidence of fluid–structure interaction method being helpful to design the ultra-precision machine tool based on the hydrostatic technology.

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30

Xu, Shi Meng, Run Bo Ma, Jian Hua Du, Jun Hong Liu, and Qi Jin. "Orthogonal Experiment Analysis of Mechanical Thermal Conductivity on Multi-Component Fillers." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 2379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.2379.

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Filled the N330 carbon black, silica T80 carbon black and Al powder and Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles, the rubber composites on multi-component electromagnetic fillers were prepared according to orthogonal experiment analysis, and the preliminary experiment conclusions of the filler prescription designs were given; Based on the experiment design, the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the rubber composite were tested, and the testing results were analyzed by using variance analysis. Thus, the paper shows that the effects of N330 on rubber mechanical properties are significant, and the effects of Al powder on the rubber thermal conductivity are significant. Moreover, it is highly emphasized in this paper that the orthogonal experiment design must be carefully explored before the tests are executed.

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31

Di, Yue Zhong, Shao Hu Tao, Nai Xiang Feng, and Zhi Guo Wang. "Semi-Industrial Scale Preliminary Test of Silicon Thermal Reduction Lithium with Internal Thermal Resistance Furnace." Advanced Materials Research 746 (August 2013): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.746.215.

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With the development of vacuum technology and the demand of lithium increasing rapidly all over the world, vacuum thermal extraction lithium will be applied widely in future. A new internal thermal resistance furnace for lithium smelting was designed, which can be used for the thermal decomposition of Li2CO3 and reduction of Li2O. The production capacity is 7.5kg lithium per test. Semi-industrial scale preliminary test was researched in the internal thermal resistance furnace. The results show that the decomposition efficiency of lithium carbonate can be above 98%, the calcined product meets the requirement of reduction lithium. But the lithium reduction rate is 63.86%, which is below the reduction rate of basis experiment, so the design of crystallizer and technological process should be improved.

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Manin, L., and D. Play. "Thermal Behavior of Power Gearing Transmission, Numerical Prediction, and Influence of Design Parameters." Journal of Tribology 121, no. 4 (October 1, 1999): 693–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2834125.

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Thermal behavior prediction of Power Gearing Transmissions during preliminary design becomes necessary in order to optimize all the parts of mechanical systems (lubrication, cooling device dimensioning, static and dynamic stress resistance, etc.). It also reduces prototype tests. The thermal network method is used to model each technological element as a thermal finite element and a nonlinear system of equations is obtained. Geometric discretization is adapted to the scale of phenomenological observation and result requirements. As assumptions have to be made for the modeling of convection heat transfer and oil flow, experimental verifications are made. The influence of gear parameters, the effect of time varying running conditions, and oil flow defaults are then studied and discussed.

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33

Kalarikovilagam Srinivasan and Bertram. "Preliminary Design and System Considerations for an Active Hybrid Laminar Flow Control System." Aerospace 6, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace6100109.

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Hybrid laminar flow control or HLFC design is a complex and multi-disciplinary process, which demands a thorough understanding of all aspects from a global systems viewpoint. The objective of the paper is to present a preliminary design of important components of an HLFC system that helps in quick assessment of conceptual system architectures. This is important to evaluate feasibility, system performance, and overall aircraft benefits at early stages of system development. This paper also discusses the various important system requirements and issues concerning the design of active HLFC systems, and the interfaces between various disciplines are presented. It can be emphasized from the study that the future compressor design for the HLFC system should consider the thermal management aspects and additional mass flow requirements from the aerodynamics-structure design optimization and also from water drain system solutions. A method to calculate the accumulated water content inside the plenum chambers is presented, and the effect of a drain hole on the power consumption is studied. A low order thermal management study of the HLFC compressor motor shows a high temperature rise in the windings for very high speed motors for long duration operation and calls for effective cooling solutions.

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34

Yue, Zhao Yang, and Xian Ping Liu. "A Preliminary Study of Micro Heat Conduction by Hot-Tip Tribological Probe Microscope." Key Engineering Materials 437 (May 2010): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.437.374.

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Scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) and infrared thermography are widely used for surface thermal characterization. However, the SThM technique is limited by measurement of the non-electrical conductive surfaces and the infrared thermography has insufficient spatial resolution for submicron localized thermal measurement. The “hot tip” Tribological Probe Microscope (TPM) has been designed to achieve better localized thermal analysis function in this paper. The schemes of system design are presented and the principle of the ‘hot-tip’ technique is explained by relating the signals to established thermal properties. After calibrating the lumped thermal resistances (LTR) of the probe and the ambient environment, the LTRs of 5 metal surfaces were measured and compared. In addition, the paper numerically studied the LTR of the indentation interfaces with defined thermal conductivity (TC) by Finite Element Method (FEM). Numerical linearity was observed and fitted between LTR and TC. Based on the measured LTR and the linearity, the deduced TCs of the 5 metal surfaces are agreed well with the reference values.

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35

Abdul Manap, Zariq Imran, Hanani Abd Wahab, Ong Pauline, Al-Emran Ismail, Maznan Ismon, and Zaleha Mohamad. "Preliminary Studies on Design of Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) Solar Collector for Roofing System Application." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 824 (July 1, 2020): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/824/1/012011.

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36

Wang, Hongyan, Weihua Wang, Yunqing Bai, and Hongli Chen. "Preliminary thermal-hydraulics design of the dual-cooled lithium lead blanket for FDS-II." Fusion Engineering and Design 75-79 (November 2005): 841–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2005.06.252.

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37

Lucca, F., C. Bertolini, F. Crescenzi, F. Crisanti, G. Di Gironimo, C. Labate, M. Manzoni, et al. "Preliminary electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical design for first wall and vacuum vessel of FAST." Fusion Engineering and Design 98-99 (October 2015): 1538–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.06.027.

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38

Cai, Lijun, Tao Lin, Yingqiao Wang, Mingxu Wang, So Maruyama, Yu Yang, and Gabor Kiss. "Preliminary fluid channel design and thermal-hydraulic analysis of glow discharge cleaning permanent electrode." Fusion Engineering and Design 109-111 (November 2016): 866–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2016.01.060.

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39

Simanjuntak, Janter Pangaduan, Samsudin Anis, Mochamad Syamsiro, Baharuddin, Eka Daryanto, and Bisrul Hapis Tambunan. "Thermal Energy Storage System from Household Wastes Combustion: System Design and Parameter Study." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 80, no. 2 (March 5, 2021): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.80.2.115126.

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The main problem related to thermal energy is that the thermal energy must be used directly and immediately as generated. For example, the thermal energy of solid waste combustion can be directly utilized for power generation. However, studied of thermal energy storage technology is still placed on the second opinion on waste to heat energy. The heat can be stored using a simple or mobilized system which can store thermal energy and can be brought to somewhere it is needed, for example on domestic heating or drying usage. This article studied and evaluated a micro thermal energy storage system from household waste combustion into a warm water that is great for washing clothes, dishes, shower, and other purposes of household needs. System considered was a simple manner and water is used as the heat energy storage medium. In this study, the equations for initial parameter calculation were presented theoretically based on thermodynamic principle. This paper is hopefully beneficial to the researchers and engineers for preliminary design and development of a heat storage systems technology.

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40

Li, Bo, Bin Li, and Hong Ze Yang. "Preliminary Studies on the Functional and Structural Design of Forest Fire Helmet." Advanced Materials Research 228-229 (April 2011): 605–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.228-229.605.

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In order to improve the performance of forest fire protection equipment, this paper proposes a new design concept of modern forest fire helmet. The scheme combines the functions of infrared thermal imaging, wireless communication and emergency oxygen making, which not only meets the security requirements in firemen’s present working, but also accords with the development of fire helmets at home and abroad. This helmet adopts the design conception of integration structurally, its weight and operation difficulty are both reduced, at the same time, accords with the Man-Machine Engineering. Moreover, using the three-dimensional processing software, this study realizes a simulation model of the designed forest fire helmet.

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Bechtel, G. S., R. L. McKnight, and T. S. Cook. "TMFSLAM—Design Analysis Tool for Coated Structures." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 114, no. 2 (April 1, 1992): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906588.

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Hot flowpath components in aircraft gas turbine engines are subject to a severe operating environment. The large thermal gradients can produce high thermal strains that, when combined with mechanical loads and a deleterious environment, can lead to premature failure. To combat this possibility, designers spend considerable time determining the stress and strain fields in these components as the parts undergo typical operating histories. These field quantities can then be used to determine failure parameters and determine life limiting locations. The field determinations can be difficult and, in combination with numerous potential failure mechanisms, the structural assurance process can take a considerable time to complete. To shorten this process, a personal computer (PC) based preliminary design system has been developed. This system, called Thermo-mechanical Fatigue—Structural Life Assessment Method (TMFSLAM), permits the user to rapidly evaluate the interactive effects of duty cycle, geometry, and materials on component life. The quantitative results determined by TMFSLAM will be available to make decisions on design changes, material substitution, etc.

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42

Lai, Yuxuan, and Yigang Yang. "A Design for the High Yield Photoneutron Source Target Station." Materials 15, no. 21 (November 1, 2022): 7674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217674.

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Low energy accelerator driven neutron sources are promising candidates to obtain a neutron yield as high as 1014 n/s, which is required for a variety of applications, such as boron neutron capture therapy, neutron imaging, and neutron scattering. The methods to generate neutrons can be divided into two categories: hadron-based and photon-based methods. In order to better understand which kind of source would be the better choice for delivering a brilliant neutron beam robustly, in this paper, the underlying principles of neutron production, as well as the simulation results of neutron yield, target heat dissipation, thermal stress, and reaction byproducts concentration of these two types of neutron sources, will be elaborated on. A preliminary photoneutron target station design based on a 50 MeV/50 kW electron linear accelerator, including the optimized neutron yield, thermal hydraulic analysis, and shielding calculation, is presented as well to demonstrate the method to deliver brilliant thermal neutron beam of 1.03 × 1010 cm−2 s−1 sr−1.

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43

Zhuang, Wenzheng, Chao Yang, and Zhigang Wu. "Mechanical Stability of Hybrid Corrugated Sandwich Plates under Fluid-Structure-Thermal Coupling for Novel Thermal Protection Systems." Applied Sciences 10, no. 8 (April 17, 2020): 2790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10082790.

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Hybrid corrugated sandwich (HCS) plates have become a promising candidate for novel thermal protection systems (TPS) due to their multi-functionality of load bearing and thermal protection. For hypersonic vehicles, the novel TPS that performs some structural functions is a potential method of saving weight, which is significant in reducing expensive design/manufacture cost. Considering the novel TPS exposed to severe thermal and aerodynamic environments, the mechanical stability of the HCS plates under fluid-structure-thermal coupling is crucial for preliminary design of the TPS. In this paper, an innovative layerwise finite element model of the HCS plates is presented, and coupled fluid-structure-thermal analysis is performed with a parameter study. The proposed method is validated to be accurate and efficient against commercial software simulation. Results have shown that the mechanical instability of the HCS plates can be induced by fluid-structure coupling and further accelerated by thermal effect. The influences of geometric parameters on thermal buckling and dynamic stability present opposite tendencies, indicating a tradeoff is required for the TPS design. The present analytical model and numerical results provide design guidance in the practical application of the novel TPS.

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44

Dukalski, Piotr, Bartłomiej Będkowski, Tomasz Wolnik, and Tomasz Jarek. "The assumptions of the engine design for mounting in the hub of the vehicle." AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 19, no. 6 (September 7, 2018): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.044.

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The article presents the concept of engine design for installation in the hub of an electric car wheel. The authors presented the advantages and disadvantages of direct drive and possible applications of this type. The publication presents the results of preliminary design calculations for the electromagnetic circuit, the stator thermal model and the mechanical design of the engine.

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45

Budiantoro, Poki Agung, and Ahmad Fauzi. "PRELIMINARY THERMAL CONTROL DESIGN ANALYSIS OF LAPAN SAR-MICROSATELLITE DEPLOYABLE SOLAR ARRAY PANEL USING ONE NODAL METHODE." Jurnal Teknologi Dirgantara 17, no. 2 (December 20, 2019): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.30536/j.jtd.2019.v17.a3155.

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LAPAN SAR-Microsatellite is the first LAPAN micro satellite being developed and planned to carry a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) payload. Different from optical satellites that have been developed, LAPAN SAR-Microsatellite requires a lot more power. Solar array panels are needed to generate solar radiation into electrical energy which is used by all of subsystem satellite as energy to turn on and turn off all of components. More larger the area of solar array panel, more greater to the energy obtanied. Therefore, the needed of deployable solar array panel is a must caused by the dimension of the main body structur (MBS) are not large enough. Solar cells will experience a decrease in efficiency if they experience excessive heat. If there is a decrease in efficiency in the solar cell, it will have an impact on the decrease in power produced. The purpose of this study is to conduct thermal design on solar panels to maintain temperature according to their working temperature. Calculations are carried out on the temperature of solar array panel with various optical properties in the upper and lower panel that best which will be use using one nodal analysis methode According to the calculation result from all of the designs passive thermal control system on this study show that Design-5 is the best thermal control design which can be used for LAPAN SAR-microsatellite deployable solar array panel which α=0.24 at the top and ε=0.9 at the bottom surface of solar array panel.

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46

Orosz, Tamás, David Pánek, and Pavel Karban. "FEM Based Preliminary Design Optimization in Case of Large Power Transformers." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (February 17, 2020): 1361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041361.

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Since large power transformers are custom-made, and their design process is a labor-intensive task, their design process is split into different parts. In tendering, the price calculation is based on the preliminary design of the transformer. Due to the complexity of this task, it belongs to the most general branch of discrete, non-linear mathematical optimization problems. Most of the published algorithms are using a copper filling factor based winding model to calculate the main dimensions of the transformer during this first, preliminary design step. Therefore, these cost optimization methods are not considering the detailed winding layout and the conductor dimensions. However, the knowledge of the exact conductor dimensions is essential to calculate the thermal behaviour of the windings and make a more accurate stray loss calculation. The paper presents a novel, evolutionary algorithm-based transformer optimization method which can determine the optimal conductor shape for the windings during this examined preliminary design stage. The accuracy of the presented FEM method was tested on an existing transformer design. Then the results of the proposed optimization method have been compared with a validated transformer design optimization algorithm.

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Hadiprodjo, Yuda G., Aulia A. Iskandar, and Tutun Nugraha. "Design and Construction of Thermally Combined Microcurrent Electrical Therapy Device as Preliminary Study for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment." International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications 4, no. 3 (July 2013): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jehmc.2013070104.

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Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that destructs the cartilage within joints. Even though RA cannot be cured, its progress can be slowed and its symptoms can be managed by applying microcurrent and thermal therapy to enhance the healing process of the joints. This research aims to combine two different therapeutic modalities: Microcurrent Electrical Therapy (MET) and thermal therapy, which will be called as Thermally combined Microcurrent Electrical Therapy (T-MET) device. For MET, the resulted output was square wave with fix 50% duty cycle, adjustable frequency (0.31 – 100Hz), and adjustable current amplitude (36 - 466µA). For thermal therapy, two different modes were provided: heating mode (up to 40°C) and cooling mode (up to 15°C). The test was done three times. It took 30 minutes and 105.8 minutes to reach the upper and lower limit temperature respectively. T-MET device had been designed and constructed. However, clinical trials to RA patient needs to be further investigated.

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Xu, Wei Dong, Heng Liu, Sha Shi Zhang, Jiang Hua Wu, and Jin Song Zhu. "Preliminary Research on One Multiband Smoke Material Preparation." Advanced Materials Research 1015 (August 2014): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1015.295.

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Precision guided weapons (PGWs) have valuable application in field warfare. In order to interfere with Laser, Thermal Infrared (TIR) and Television guidance, this paper intends to research and develop a smoke-generating material that is capable of shielding visible lights, TIR and Millimeter Wave (MMW), based on the attenuation characteristic of expandable graphite to IR and MMW. The formulation is studied by orthogonal design, camouflage effect is verified by experiment, and the material with multiband interfering capacity is preliminarily prepared.

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Koo, Song Heo, Young Shin Lee, Jae Hoon Kim, S. J. Kim, and Young Jin Choi. "Thermal Stress Analysis for Air Inlet Part of Ramjet." Key Engineering Materials 297-300 (November 2005): 2253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.297-300.2253.

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The purpose of this study is to estimate structural characteristic for air inlet part of ramjet in condition of flight at 12-15km height. Because air inlet part of ramjet is heated up to 700oK, high temperature properties such as Young’s modulus, thermal expansion coefficients and thermal conductivity coefficients are applied to the analysis. The analysis of transient temperature and thermal stress was performed by the finite element method with nonlinear code ABAQUS. The analysis was performed using several thermal coefficient and material properties to select preliminary design model for flight condition. Thermal boundary conditions were applied at ramjet inlet part until 0.01sec. The results of the analysis recommend tendency of thermal stress and temperature distribution. These are useful to select the structural material and to determine shape of air inlet part which satisfy the structural design safety.

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Kim, Do-Yeop, and You-Taek Kim. "Preliminary design and performance analysis of a radial inflow turbine for ocean thermal energy conversion." Renewable Energy 106 (June 2017): 255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.01.038.

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