Книги: "Preference function"

1

Meandro, Lucy. Classroom seating preference as a function of student personality. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, Department of Psychology, 1987.

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2

Abu-Assab, Samah. Integration of Preference Analysis Methods into Quality Function Deployment. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-7075-6.

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3

Ryan, Mandy. Stated preference: A method for establishing the nature of the patient's utility function. Aberdeen: Health Economics Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, 1992.

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4

Sangalang, P. J. "I like my beer cold, my TV loud, and my homosexuals flaming!": Preference for stereotype consistency as a function of a person x situation interaction. St. Catharines, Ont: Brock University, Dept. of Psychology, 2006.

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5

Moskowitz, Herbert. Preference order recursion for finding relevant pure admissible and optimal statistical decision functions. West Lafayette, Ind: Institute for Research in the Behavioral, Economic, and Management Sciences, Krannert Graduate School of Management, Purdue University, 1987.

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6

Dervitz, Peggy. Preference, choice, decision: A model for limited guardianship. Ironia, N.J: Guardianship Association of New Jersey, 2001.

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7

Pemberton, James. Surprises in the utility function: A micro model and some implications for consumption, saving, and asset accumulation. Reading, England: University of Reading, Dept. of Economics, 1992.

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8

Pemberton, James. Surprises in the utility function: A micro model and some implications for consumption, saving, and asset accumulation. Reading: University of Reading, 1992.

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9

Duque-Páramo, María Claudia. Food as a function of cultural identity among immigrant children: An ethnographic study. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2009.

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10

Duque-Páramo, María Claudia. Food as a function of cultural identity among immigrant children: An ethnographic study. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2009.

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11

Designing products and services that customers want. Portland, Or: Productivity Press, 1995.

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12

Agregirovanie konechnykh produktov i problema integriruemosti funkt͡s︡iĭ sprosa. Moskva: Vychislitelʹnyĭ t͡s︡entr AN SSSR, 1986.

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13

The greening of markets: Product competition, pollution, and policy making in a duopoly. North Hampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2005.

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14

Fitzgerald, Daniel Patrick *. Dyslexia: its association with immune function and hand preference. 1990.

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15

Yapi, Atse. A policy preference function analysis of the forest sector in the Cote d'Ivoire. 1993.

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16

Back, Kerry E. Utility and Risk Aversion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190241148.003.0001.

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Expected utility is introduced. Risk aversion and its equivalence with concavity of the utility function (Jensen’s inequality) are explained. The concepts of relative risk aversion, absolute risk aversion, and risk tolerance are introduced. Certainty equivalents are defined. Expected utility is shown to imply second‐order risk aversion. Linear risk tolerance (hyperbolic absolute risk aversion), cautiousness parameters, constant relative risk aversion, and constant absolute risk aversion are described. Decreasing absolute risk aversion is shown to imply a preference for positive skewness. Preferences for kurtosis are discussed. Conditional expectations are introduced, and the law of iterated expectations is explained. Risk averse investors are shown to dislike mean‐independent noise.

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17

Volk, Anthony A. Adoption: Forms, Functions, and Preferences. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195396690.013.0008.

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18

Adler, Matthew D. Extended Preferences. Edited by Matthew D. Adler and Marc Fleurbaey. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199325818.013.16.

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This chapter presents a methodology for constructing an interpersonally comparable measure of individual well-being, the “extended preferences” approach. It builds upon John Harsanyi’s work. The key idea is that an ethical deliberator makes (or at least is capable of making) judgments concerning the well-being levels of histories and well-being differences between histories—where a history is a hybrid bundle consisting of possible attributes an individual might have, plus possible preference (“tastes”) regarding such attributes. These judgments are represented by a well-being measure. If the deliberator adopts a preference-based conception of well-being, the functional form of that well-being measure can be partly inferred from the utility functions representing the tastes incorporated in histories. That is: the deliberator partly infers what the well-being numbers she assigns to histories must be, given her deference to individual tastes. The chapter also compares the extended-preferences approach to competing methodologies for measuring well-being, in particular the equivalent-income concept.

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19

Georgescu, Irina. Fuzzy Choice Functions: A Revealed Preference Approach (Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing). Springer, 2007.

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20

Robustness of Multiple Objective Decision Analysis Preference Functions. Storming Media, 2002.

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21

Davis, George C., and Elena L. Serrano. Information and Preferences. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199379118.003.0007.

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Chapter 7 incorporates the role of information in a very general way into the economic framework developed in Chapters 3–6. The focus of the analysis is to determine how information may affect preferences and therefore influence the demand curve and demand function for foods. The chapter evaluates possible changes in food consumption induced by a change in an information campaign relative to a nutrient or food recommendation level. It shows how other factors may moderate or offset informational campaigns that are designed to improve healthy food choices. The chapter closes with some of the main empirical findings relating different information campaigns to food and nutrition choices.

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22

Sullivan, Meghan. Preferences about the Past. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812845.003.0005.

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The received wisdom is do not bother yourself with things you cannot change, most notably the past. This chapter introduces the concept of future bias and considers some difficulties we have in conceptualizing past‐directed discounting. First, the chapter models various past discounting functions by considering cases (e.g., Parfit’s Surgery case). It argues that psychologically realistic future discount functions for pains and pleasuresmust be absolute. Next, the chapter argues against a control constraint on preferences. It also appeals to Dougherty’s Pain Insurance case to argue that we can evaluate preferences over a set of choices or preferences rather than only relative to particular choices.

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23

Weymark, John. Social Welfare Functions. Edited by Matthew D. Adler and Marc Fleurbaey. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199325818.013.5.

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This chapter provides an introduction to the use of social welfare functions in welfare economics and social choice theory for the comparative evaluation of social alternatives. With a social welfare function, social preferences depend on individual well-beings. These well-beings are expressed in terms of either preferences or utilities. Three main approaches are considered: Bergson-Samuelson social welfare functions, Arrovian social welfare functions, and Sen’s social welfare functionals. How the measurability and comparability of utility can be modeled and how limitations on the types of utility comparisons that are possible restrict the kinds of social welfare functions that can be considered is also discussed. Extensive social choice theory is used to deal with heterogeneous opinions about how to make utility comparisons.

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24

Drenth, Dr A. J. My True Type: Clarifying Your Personality Type, Preferences & Functions. Andrew Drenth, 2017.

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25

Dearman, J. Andrew. Narratives in the Hebrew Bible. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190246488.003.0002.

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This chapter introduces readers to the narrative traditions in the Old Testament, their contexts, and basic perspectives in reading them. They exist as separate books and as parts of others books in the OT and they function as explanations for ancient Israel’s identity. Several characteristics of narrative analysis are identified as aids in reading these texts, including plot, character, point of view, and style. And some broad characteristics of Hebrew narrative style are identified, including the preference for speech and the omniscience of the author in presenting cause and effect. The broader historical setting of ancient Israel is sketched as necessary background for interpreting Old Testament narratives.

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26

Gordon, Robert. “Old Situations, New Complications”. Edited by Robert Gordon. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195391374.013.0004.

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Forumrepresents an idiosyncratic attempt to reconcile the principles of musical comedy with Sondheim’s avowed preference for writing integrated musical drama. The sources of its plot in Roman farce become a pretext for a camp pastiche of the vulgar clichés of American burlesque and vaudeville. By analyzing the dramaturgical function of the individual songs, the chapter illustrates the various ways in which their evocation of the thought processes of type characters motivates the causal logic of the plot. The ingenuity of their placement and form is shown to shape the mood and pace of the action, while their stylistic cleverness is revealed as an enhancement of the metatheatricality of Shevelove and Gelbart’s book, producing a play of self-reflexive ironies that foreshadows Sondheim’s later experiments with the nonlinear structure of the postmodern musical.

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27

Porac, Clare, and Stanley Coren. Lateral Preferences and Human Behavior. Springer, 2011.

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28

Lateral Preferences and Human Behavior. Springer, 2011.

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29

Lockley, Steven W. Principles of sleep–wake regulation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778240.003.0002.

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The 24-hour sleep–wake cycle is generated by two oscillatory processes: an endogenous hypothalamic circadian pacemaker and a sleep- and wake-dependent homeostat. These processes combine to maintain a consolidated bout of sleep at night and relatively stable waking function across the day. They also combine to determine ‘diurnal preference’—whether one is a ‘lark’ or an ‘owl’—a reflection of the phase relationship between the circadian and homeostatic processes. These processes are affected directly by light, either through resetting of the circadian pacemaker or its direct alerting effects. Sleep deficiency and circadian disruption have been associated with a higher risk of chronic disease, although the methodology for assessing these exposures is not optimal. Both sleep and the circadian system also have myriad influences on other aspects of our physiology, behaviour, and metabolism; therefore, steps should be taken to reduce their potential confounding effects in epidemiological studies.

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30

Longenbaugh, Nicholas, and Maria Polinsky. Experimental Approaches to Ergative Languages. Edited by Jessica Coon, Diane Massam, and Lisa Demena Travis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198739371.013.29.

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This chapter summarizes major results in the domain of experimental approaches to ergativity, focusing on three major topics. First, it discusses studies that explore the competition between accusative and ergative alignment, where researchers have attempted to derive the typological preference for accusative alignment from processing- and learnability based constraints. Next, it examines studies concerning the interrelated issues of long-distance dependencies and agreement. The unique dissociation of case and argument-hood in ergative languages has afforded researchers new means of testing conclusions regarding the privileged grammatical status of subject, the relative import and function of case and agreement in the grammar, and the origins of constraints on extraction in ergative languages and beyond. Given that linguists have only recently begun to conduct experimental research on ergative languages, we conclude by suggesting areas for future research where ergativity might provide genuine insights rather than just replicate existing studies of accusative languages.

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31

Bruce, Tricia Colleen. Boundaries. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190270315.003.0003.

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Personal parishes are established on the basis of a shared identity or purpose, not on the basis of shared neighborhood. They have no territorial boundaries apart from that of the diocese. Personal parishes’ presence alongside territorial parishes, therefore, raises questions about exactly how parish boundaries work, if they work, and why they continue to exist. American Catholics are increasingly mobile in their local religious practice, crossing boundaries to worship where they feel at home. This chapter argues that personal parishes resolve an institutional tension: Catholicism’s tradition of territoriality and boundaries, on the one hand, and the realities of American Catholics’ mobility, preference, and agency, on the other. The chapter traces the function and contradiction of parish boundaries in the contemporary Church. In so doing, it shows how institutions adapt organizational forms to accommodate new realities on the ground, reasserting institutional authority along the way.

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32

Miller, Nicholas R. Social Choice Theory and Legislative Institutions. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1.

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This is an advance summary of a forthcoming article in the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. Please check back later for the full article.Narrowly understood, social choice theory is a specialized branch of applied logic and mathematics that analyzes abstract objects called preference aggregation functions, social welfare functions, and social choice functions. But more broadly, social choice theory identifies, analyzes, and evaluates rules that may be used to make collective decisions. So understood, social choice is a subfield of the social sciences that examines what may be called “voting rules” of various sorts. While social choice theory typically assumes a finite set of alternatives over which voter preferences are unrestricted, the spatial model of social choice assumes that policy alternatives can be represented by points in a space of one or more dimensions, and that voters have preferences that are plausibly shaped by this spatial structure.Social choice theory has considerable relevance for the study of legislative (as well as electoral) institutions. The concepts and tools of social choice theory make possible formal descriptions of legislative institutions such as bicameralism, parliamentary voting procedures, effects of decision rules (e.g., supramajority vs. simple majority rule and executive veto rules), sincere vs. strategic voting by legislators, agenda control, and other parliamentary maneuvers. Spatial models of social choice further enrich this analysis and raise additional questions regarding policy stability and change. Spatial models are used increasingly to guide empirical research on legislative institutions and processes.

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33

Shapiro, Kimron, and Simon Hanslmayr. The Role of Brain Oscillations in the Temporal Limits of Attention. Edited by Anna C. (Kia) Nobre and Sabine Kastner. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675111.013.037.

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Attention is the ubiquitous construct referring to the ability of the brain to focus resources on a subset of perceptual input which it is trying to process for a response. Attention has for a long time been studied with reference to its distribution across space where, for example, visual input from an attentionally monitored location is given preference over non-monitored (i.e. attended) locations. More recently, attention has been studied for its ability to select targets from among rapidly, sequentially presented non-targets at a fixed location, e.g. in visual space. The present chapter explores this latter function of attention for its relevance to behaviour. In so doing, it highlights what is becoming one of the most popular approaches to studying communication across the brain—oscillations—at various frequency ranges. In particular the authors discuss the alpha frequency band (8–12 Hz), where recent evidence points to an important role in the switching between processing external vs. internal events.

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34

Pitt, Matthew. Techniques used to test the neuromuscular junction in children. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198754596.003.0009.

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The tests used to measure the neuromuscular junction function in children are repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) and single-fibre electromyography (SFEMG). The physiological changes which explain abnormalities in RNS are covered in this chapter as are those affecting jitter measurement when measured by SFEMG. Practical considerations of how to perform RNS in children are discussed, along with the reasons for using SFEMG in preference to RNS and the need to use stimulation techniques. Controversies concerning so-called stimulated SFEMG including needle selection, filter settings, and the origin of the potentials that are being sampled are all discussed. The term stimulated potential analysis using concentric needle electrodes (SPACE) is introduced to divert most if not all of these criticisms. Derivation of normative data from previous studies is described as well as the use of e-norm methodology on laboratory data. The chapter concludes with practical measures of how to analyse the data collected and reference is made to the cross-correlation technique for determining abnormalities.

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35

Effects of changes in household size, consumer taste & preferences on demand pattern in India. [Delhi: Centre for Development Economics, Delhi School of Economics, 2000.

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36

Sullivan, Meghan. The Received Wisdom. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812845.003.0001.

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This chapter introduces the reader to future discounting and some received wisdom. The received wisdom about rational planning tends to assume that it is irrational to have near‐biased preferences (i.e., preferences for lesser goods now compared to greater goods further in the future).Thechapter describes these preferences by introducing the reader to value functions. Value functions are then used to model different kinds of distant future temporal discounting (e.g., hyperbolic, exponential, absolute). Finally, the chapter makes a distinction between temporal discounting and risk discounting. It offers a reverse lottery test to tease apart these two kinds of discounting.

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37

Cocroft, Reginald B., and Laura E. Sullivan-Beckers. Female Preference Functions Provide a Window into Cognition, the Evolution of Communication, and Speciation in Plant-Feeding Insects. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199738182.013.0018.

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38

Kuenzler, Adrian. Abiding Issues. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190698577.003.0002.

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A brief historical overview of advertising documents that advertising traditionally performed two different functions: to inform and to persuade. Over time, the law has adopted the view that all advertising is information and, based on this view, has come to preserve the uniqueness, reputation, prestige, and exclusivity that today’s goods and services conjure in consumers’ minds. This chapter discusses three recurrent themes that underlie the function and operation of the current economic system and explores, in particular, how the workings of the present experience economy are justified in legal and economic theory. It is through the operation of these principles (revealed preferences, maximization of consumer welfare, external incentives) that consumer choices are supposed to allocate resources efficiently. It explains the contradictory tensions within those principles and provides the basis for the claim that a twenty-first-century reconceptualization of the consumer may enrich our understanding of what constitutes progress.

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39

Back, Kerry E. Portfolio Choice. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190241148.003.0002.

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The portfolio choice model is introduced, and the first‐order condition is derived. Properties of the demand for a single risky asset are derived from second‐order risk aversion and decreasing absolute risk aversion. Optimal investments are independent of initial wealth for investors with constant absolute risk aversion. Optimal investments are affine functions of initial wealth for investors iwth linear risk tolerance. The optimal portfolio for an investor with constant absolute risk aversion is derived when asset returns are normally distributed. Investors with quadratic utility have mean‐variance preferences, and investors have mean‐variance preferences when returns are elliptically distributed.

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40

Pencavel, John H. The Association Between Working Hours and Hourly Earnings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190876166.003.0007.

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At one time, economists recognized a difficulty in interpreting the association between working hours and hourly earnings: does the association reflect the preferences of employers or of workers? The existence of this identification problem has been largely ignored in recent years. In its place, the relation is presumed to describe describes the labor supply preferences of workers. This needs to be re-considered in light of the empirical finding that the law of diminishing returns operates for hours of work in employers’ production functions. Moreover, there is a third interpretation: differences in hours and hourly earnings reflect differences in the relative bargaining power of workers and employers. If the preferences of workers are sought, they are more likely to be revealed in the hours and earnings of self-employed workers and this is illustrated with the workers in the plywood co-ops.

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41

Chiang, Nicole T. C. Emperor Qianlong's Hidden Treasures. Hong Kong University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888528059.001.0001.

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This book reconsiders what actually constitutes the collection of the Qing imperial household during the Qianlong reign, which leads to the re-evaluation of the collection’s historiography, implications, significance and function. It questions the common presumption that there was a single and readily definable assemblage, which includes every physical object that had once been kept in the imperial palaces. This study also challenges the pervasive notion that collecting at the Qianlong court was highly individual and that the supposed collection reflected the emperor’s personal preferences and tastes. Lastly, this research confronts the popular interpretation of the function of the assumed collection, which was to display authority and to project various images to different groups of audience.

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42

Brazier, John, Julie Ratcliffe, Joshua A. Salomon, and Aki Tsuchiya. Modelling health state valuation data. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198725923.003.0005.

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This chapter examines the technical issues in modelling health state valuation data. Most measures of health define too many states to directly value all of them (e.g. SF-6D defines 18,000 health states). The solution has been to value a subset and by using modelling to predict the values of all states. This chapter reviews two approaches to modelling: one using multiattribute utility theory to determine health values given an assumed functional form; and the other is using statistical modelling of SF-6D preference data that are skewed, bimodal, and clustered by respondents. This chapter examines the selection of health states for valuation, data preparation, model specification, and techniques for modelling the data starting with ordinary least squares (OLS) and moving on to more complex techniques including Bayesian non-parametric and semi-parametric approaches, and a hybrid approach that combines cardinal preference data with the results of paired data from a discrete choice experiment.

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43

Crigler, Ann N., and Parker R. Hevron. Affect and Political Choice. Edited by Kate Kenski and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199793471.013.66.

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Whether political observers and participants applaud or decry the presence of emotions in political decision-making, scholars have begun to view the relationship between affect and reason as a key component of decision-making. This chapter provides an overview of the research on affect and political choice. The authors argue that emotions undergird acts of political choice, not simply as additional variables to explain preferences or actions but also as integral to the processing of information and decision-making. They briefly define affect, emotion and mood and outline some of the methodologies commonly used to measure each of the four emotion functions that are central to political communication and choice. These four functions of emotion – expressive, perceptual/attentional, appraisal, and behavioral – are discussed in relation to political decision-making.

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44

Crigler, Ann N., and Parker R. Hevron. Affect and Political Choice. Edited by Kate Kenski and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199793471.013.66_update_001.

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Whether political observers and participants applaud or decry the presence of emotions in political decision-making, scholars have begun to view the relationship between affect and reason as a key component of decision-making. This chapter provides an overview of the research on affect and political choice. The authors argue that emotions undergird acts of political choice, not simply as additional variables to explain preferences or actions but also as integral to the processing of information and decision-making. They briefly define affect, emotion and mood and outline some of the methodologies commonly used to measure each of the four emotion functions that are central to political communication and choice. These four functions of emotion – expressive, perceptual/attentional, appraisal, and behavioral – are discussed in relation to political decision-making.

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45

Harrison, Simon C. W. Spinal cord injury. Edited by Christopher R. Chapple. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0045.

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Injury to the spinal cord carries a high risk of lower urinary tract dysfunction, which will either be due to damage to the sacral segments of the cord (conus injuries) or partial or complete disconnection of the sacral parasympathetic and somatic centres from the brain centres that coordinate lower urinary tract function (supraconal injuries). As a result, spinal cord injury (SCI) causes urinary symptoms such as urinary retention or incontinence, but can also lead to renal deterioration unless managed appropriately. Long-term urinary tract management has to take into account the nature of the patient’s neurological dysfunction, their personal preferences, and the result of urodynamic evaluation of the lower urinary tract.

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46

Jones, Charles O. 3. Electing presidents (and other ways to occupy the Oval Office). Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780190458201.003.0003.

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The design of the executive leadership helped shape the opportunities and establish the boundaries of presidential power. Would it work? “Electing presidents” looks at how the system of electing presidents developed and adapted and shows that constitutional construction and history were on the side of maintaining the unique method designed by the Founders. There were many initial questions to be ironed out: Who would be the candidates? Would there be political parties? What would be the relationship between presidential and vice-presidential selection? Political parties function first and foremost to organize elections. The strength of parties is measured by their capacity to adapt to regional differences, regulations, and voter policy preferences.

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47

Jones, Charles O. 3. Electing Presidents (and Other Ways to Occupy the Oval Office). Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780195307016.003.0003.

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The design of the executive leadership helped shape the opportunities and establish the boundaries of presidential power. Would it work? ‘Electing Presidents’ looks at how the system of electing presidents developed and adapted and shows that constitutional construction and history were on the side of maintaining the unique method designed by the Founders. There were many initial questions to be ironed out: who would be the candidates? Would there be political parties? What would be the relationship between presidental and vice-presidental selection? Political parties function first and foremost to organize elections. The strength of parties is measured by their capacity to adapt to regional differences, regulations, and voter policy preferences.

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48

Emerson, Patrick M. On Quality Traps and Economic Development. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812555.003.0010.

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This chapter considers the interdependence among the quality levels of government institutions. Citizens of democratic societies are consumers of institutional output and the quality they demand from individual institutions is posited to be a function of the joint quality of all institutional output. Specifically, the quality of institutions is hypothesized to enter into consumers’ preferences in a supermodular fashion. An implication of this is that citizens will tend to desire institutions of the same quality; thus resource constrained democratic governments will tend to match the quality level of their complementary institutions. The Nash equilibrium concept is employed to show that multiple equilibria will result, and that a stable equilibrium exists at a low level of quality.

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49

Roy, Goode, Kronke Herbert, and McKendrick Ewan, eds. Part VI Recurrent Issues of Harmonization, 20 The Sphere of Application of a Convention; the Role of the Conflict of Laws; Determining the Connecting Factor; Co-Existence and Conflicts of Instruments. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198735441.003.0021.

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This chapter and the next two examine certain key issues which one may describe as the ‘general doctrines’ of transnational commercial law. In particular, the inter-relationship with rules of conflict of laws (private international law), the different function of the ‘connecting factor’ as well as the impact of the choice of a broader or narrower sphere of application are discussed in the light of past experience and current legislative preferences. Moreover, the ever increasing number of transnational commercial law instruments leads inevitably to issues of the proper design of their co-existence and the solution of conflicts: which are the rules determining which instrument shall prevail over others touching upon the same or neighbouring issues?

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50

Stark, Alastair. Logics for Action and Conventional Wisdom. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831990.003.0008.

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This chapter examines the logics for action that inquiry actors bring into a lesson-learning episode. Logics for action is a term that describes the knowledge-related preferences that actors use in inquiries to make decisions. Analysis of the logics in these cases leads to three specific arguments. First, that political logics for action do not compromise inquiries in the ways which inquiry research currently suggests. Second, that public-managerial logics are essential to inquiry success in terms of policy learning. Finally, that legal-judicial logics need not necessarily lead to blaming and adversarial proceedings, which derail the lesson-learning function. These three arguments once again suggest that we need to rethink much of the conventional wisdom surrounding inquiries.

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