Дисертації з теми "Prédiction du mouvement respiratoire"
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Li, Yang. "Patient-specific gating scheme for thoracoabdominal tumor radiotherapy guided by magnetic resonance imaging." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024URENS015.
Повний текст джерелаThe ultimate aim of this paper is to develop an end-to-end gating system for real-time motion compensation during lung cancer and liver cancer treatment on the Elekta Unity. This system will monitor and automatically locate the three-dimensional spatial position of the tumor in real-time, and predict the tumor’s motion trajectory in the Superior-Inferior (SI), Left-Right (LR), and Anterior-Posterior (AP) directions in advance. Based on the set gating rules, a unique gating signal will be generated to control the beam on and off during radiotherapy, thereby compensating for the inaccuracy of dose delivery due to respiratory motion. To achieve this goal, the following steps have been carried out : 1. We proposed a tumor tracking workflow based on KCF, addressing the issues of time consumption and accuracy in tumor tracking using 2D Cine-MRI. Firstly, we verified the efficiency and accuracy of KCF in 2D Cine-MRI tumor tracking. By calculating the centroid, we improved the situation where the fixed-size template generated errors when the tumor shape changed, thus enhancing the tracking accuracy. In particular, we focused on the tracking in the SI direction by optimizing the selection of coronal slices or sagittal slices to determine the optimal position of the tumor in the SI direction. 2. We proposed a patient-specific transfer C-NLSTM model for real-time prediction of tumor motion, addressing the issue of insufficient training data. We constructed a C-NLSTM model, and introduced transfer learning to fully leverage the rich knowledge and feature representation capabilities embedded in the pretrained model, while fine-tuning is conducted based on specific patient data to achieve high-precision prediction of tumor motion. Through this approach, the model can be trained with only two minutes of patient-specific data, effectively overcoming the challenge of data acquisition. 3. We proposed an efficient gating signal prediction method, overcoming the challenge of precise predictions in 2D Cine-MRI with limited sampling frequencies. We validated the effectiveness of linear regression for predicting internal organ or tumor motion in 2D MR cine. And we proposed an online gating signal prediction scheme based on ALR to enhance the accuracy of gating radiotherapy for liver and lung cancers. 4. We proposed an end-to-end gating system based on 2D Cine-MRI for the Elekta Unity MRgRT. It enables real-time monitoring and automatic localization of the tumor’s 3D spatial position, prediction of tumor motion in three directions, and fitting an optimal cuboid (gating threshold) for each patient based on the tumor’s motion range. Additionally, we explored various approaches to derive 3D gating signals based on tumor motion in one, two, or three directions, aiming to cater to different patient treatment needs. Finally, the results of dosimetric validation demonstrate that the proposed system can effectively enhance the protection of OAR
Reyes, Aguirre Mauricio. "Compensation du mouvement respiratoire en tomographie d'émission." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00327549.
Повний текст джерелаDermy, Oriane. "Prédiction du mouvement humain pour la robotique collaborative : du geste accompagné au mouvement corps entier." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0227/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis lies at the intersection between machine learning and humanoid robotics, under the theme of human-robot interaction and within the cobotics (collaborative robotics) field. It focuses on prediction for non-verbal human-robot interactions, with an emphasis on gestural interaction. The prediction of the intention, understanding, and reproduction of gestures are therefore central topics of this thesis. First, the robots learn gestures by demonstration: a user grabs its arm and makes it perform the gestures to be learned several times. The robot must then be able to reproduce these different movements while generalizing them to adapt them to the situation. To do so, using its proprioceptive sensors, it interprets the perceived signals to understand the user's movement in order to generate similar ones later on. Second, the robot learns to recognize the intention of the human partner based on the gestures that the human initiates. The robot can then perform gestures adapted to the situation and corresponding to the user’s expectations. This requires the robot to understand the user’s gestures. To this end, different perceptual modalities have been explored. Using proprioceptive sensors, the robot feels the user’s gestures through its own body: it is then a question of physical human-robot interaction. Using visual sensors, the robot interprets the movement of the user’s head. Finally, using external sensors, the robot recognizes and predicts the user’s whole body movement. In that case, the user wears sensors (in our case, a wearable motion tracking suit by XSens) that transmit his posture to the robot. In addition, the coupling of these modalities was studied. From a methodological point of view, the learning and the recognition of time series (gestures) have been central to this thesis. In that aspect, two approaches have been developed. The first is based on the statistical modeling of movement primitives (corresponding to gestures) : ProMPs. The second adds Deep Learning to the first one, by using auto-encoders in order to model whole-body gestures containing a lot of information while allowing a prediction in soft real time. Various issues were taken into account during this thesis regarding the creation and development of our methods. These issues revolve around: the prediction of trajectory durations, the reduction of the cognitive and motor load imposed on the user, the need for speed (soft real-time) and accuracy in predictions
Dermy, Oriane. "Prédiction du mouvement humain pour la robotique collaborative : du geste accompagné au mouvement corps entier." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0227.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis lies at the intersection between machine learning and humanoid robotics, under the theme of human-robot interaction and within the cobotics (collaborative robotics) field. It focuses on prediction for non-verbal human-robot interactions, with an emphasis on gestural interaction. The prediction of the intention, understanding, and reproduction of gestures are therefore central topics of this thesis. First, the robots learn gestures by demonstration: a user grabs its arm and makes it perform the gestures to be learned several times. The robot must then be able to reproduce these different movements while generalizing them to adapt them to the situation. To do so, using its proprioceptive sensors, it interprets the perceived signals to understand the user's movement in order to generate similar ones later on. Second, the robot learns to recognize the intention of the human partner based on the gestures that the human initiates. The robot can then perform gestures adapted to the situation and corresponding to the user’s expectations. This requires the robot to understand the user’s gestures. To this end, different perceptual modalities have been explored. Using proprioceptive sensors, the robot feels the user’s gestures through its own body: it is then a question of physical human-robot interaction. Using visual sensors, the robot interprets the movement of the user’s head. Finally, using external sensors, the robot recognizes and predicts the user’s whole body movement. In that case, the user wears sensors (in our case, a wearable motion tracking suit by XSens) that transmit his posture to the robot. In addition, the coupling of these modalities was studied. From a methodological point of view, the learning and the recognition of time series (gestures) have been central to this thesis. In that aspect, two approaches have been developed. The first is based on the statistical modeling of movement primitives (corresponding to gestures) : ProMPs. The second adds Deep Learning to the first one, by using auto-encoders in order to model whole-body gestures containing a lot of information while allowing a prediction in soft real time. Various issues were taken into account during this thesis regarding the creation and development of our methods. These issues revolve around: the prediction of trajectory durations, the reduction of the cognitive and motor load imposed on the user, the need for speed (soft real-time) and accuracy in predictions
Ouksili, Zehor. "Compensation du mouvement respiratoire dans les images TEP/TDM thoraciques." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0025/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with respiratory motion in PET/CT images. It is well known that PET is a modality that requires a long exposure time. During this time, patients moves and breath. These motions produce undesirable artefacts that alter seriously the images and their precision. This has important consequences when diagnosing thoracic, and particularly pulmonary, cancer. Tumours appear larger than they really are and their activity is weaker. This thesis proposes to contribute to solving these problems.We propose the architecture of an integrated PET/CT acquisition system synchronized to respiration. We also develop signal and image processing methods that can be applied to eliminating respiratory artefacts in CT and PET images. The thesis brings three main contributions : An original respiratory signal segmentation and characterization to detect "normal" respiratory patterns, a 4D-CT reconstruction method that creates 3D images of the whole body for any respiratory level and an enhanced iterative algorithm for reconstructing 4D-PET images without respiratory artefacts. The developed methods have validated and tested on simulated, phantom and real patients' data
Rit, Simon Miguet Serge Sarrut David. "Prise en compte du mouvement respiratoire pour la reconstruction d'images tomodensitométriques." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2007/rit_s.
Повний текст джерелаGrezes-Besset, Louise. "Détection et analyse du mouvement respiratoire à partir d'images fluoroscopiques en radiothérapie." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00735816.
Повний текст джерелаWallach, Daphné. "Compensation du mouvement respiratoire en TEP/TDM à l'aide de la super-résolution." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00714263.
Повний текст джерелаTawileh, Mark Georges. "Développement d’une méthode optimale pour la synchronisation au mouvement respiratoire en médecine nucléaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Est, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PEST0078.
Повний текст джерелаTraditionally, nuclear medicine exams are carried out without taking respiratory motion into account. However, respiratory motion introduces blur into the images. We demonstrate that the amount of blur is positively related to the amplitude of respiratory motion and the spatial resolution of the imaging system. This becomes critical when the amplitude of respiratory movement becomes greater than the effective FWHM (full width half maximum) of the imaging system. In this situation, the global resolution of the system (integrating the effective resolution and the respiratory motion) is determined more by the amplitude of respiratory motion than by the effective FWHM of the imaging system. Recent technological advances in nuclear medicine have greatly improved the spatial resolution of SPECT and PET, allowing an FWHM up to 5 mm and 4 mm respectively. This is much lower than the amplitude of motion of the thoraco-abdominal organs which can be over 10 mm according to our meta-analysis. It is therefore necessary to account for respiratory motion in order to take full advantage of these improvements in spatial resolution. We have developed a video based motion tracking system of respiratory motion and a method based on processing of acquired dynamic images. We evaluated the performance of each and compared them with the performance of a pneumatic belt. We present the preliminary results of a comparison of these three methods during myocardial perfusion SPECT
Lamare, Frédéric. "Correction des effets du mouvement respiratoire en 4D TEP/TDM pour des applications oncologiques." Brest, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BRES3209.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this thesis s to develop a 3D+t reconstruction algorithm taking advantage of ail the spatiotemporal known about the respiratory movement in order to produce a reconstructed image compensated from the respiratory motion using ail the statistics. In ail this study, List-mode raw emission data were reconstructed using the iterative OPL-EM algorithm (“One Pass List Mode-EM). For both proposed methodologies based on affine or elastic correction methodologies, the transformation parameters were calculated from dynamic CT or PET images reconstructed with and without attenuation correction and were subsequently applied directly to the list-mode emission data or integrated during the reconstruction process. Three different ways to incorporate the elastic transformations matrices during the QPL-EM reconstruction algorithm have been developed and evaluated. To evaluate the developed methodologies Monte-Carlo simulations based on the dynamic NCAT phantom, including a breathing movement, have in the first instance been performed. The final phase of the evaluation was based on an analysis of actual multi-modality clinical cases. The results of this work show that the two types of proposed corrections, affine or elastic, lead to significant improvements as a result of the breathing movement compensation in the lung field of view. However, this study demonstrates that the correction method based on an elastic transformation yields a more uniform improvement in the whole field of view, whatever part of the lungs is considered
Marache-Francisco, Simon. "Évaluation de la correction du mouvement respiratoire sur la détection des lésions en oncologie TEP." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770662.
Повний текст джерелаCarraro, Laurent. "Questions de prédiction pour le mouvement brownien et le processus de Wiener à plusieurs paramètres." Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO11660.
Повний текст джерелаSalamat, Nadeem. "Modélisation des relations spatiales entre objets en mouvement." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718399.
Повний текст джерелаBreuilly, Marine. "Imagerie TEMP 4D du petit animal : estimation du mouvement respiratoire et de la biodistribution de l'iode." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00908962.
Повний текст джерелаCOINTOT, BEATRICE. "Systeme non-invasif d'acquisition et de traitement du mouvement respiratoire pour l'etude de sa commande nerveuse." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066086.
Повний текст джерелаBrault, Patrice. "Estimation de mouvement et segmentation d'image." Paris 11, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011310.
Повний текст джерелаThe first part of this thesis presents a new vision of the motion estimation (ME) in video sequences. We investigate motion estimation with redundant wavelet families tuned to different kind of transformations and, in particular, to speed. Today video compression standards are supposed to realize the compression in an object-based approach, but still compute raw motion vectors on “blocks”. We thus implemented these wavelet families because 1) they are built to perform motion parameter quantization on several kinds of motions (rotation, speed, acceleration) and 2) based on the motion parameters, we can propose an approach of the ME through the identification of the objects trajectories. The global approach is then closer to a contextual compression, based on the understanding of the scene. The second part introduces two new developments on unsupervised segmentation in a Bayesian approach. 1) we reduce the computation time of a sequence through an iterative implementation of the segmentation. We show an application with the ME of a segmented region. 2) We reduce the segmentation time by making the projection of the image in the wavelet domain. These two developments are based on a Potts-Markov modelling (PMRF) for the labels of the pixels and of the wavelet coefficients. They use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo iterative algorithm with a Gibbs sampler. We also develop a Potts model in the wavelet domain to tune it to the specific orientations of the wavelet subbands
Chaouche, Ali Mahmoud. "Une méthode de collocation pour la prédiction et l'analyse des écoulements et des transferts dans les milieux en rotation rapide." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX22065.
Повний текст джерелаMenouar, Hamid. "Prédiction de mouvement pour le routage et le contrôle d'accès au canal dans des réseaux ad hoc véhiculaires." Paris, ENST, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENST0002.
Повний текст джерелаVehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) represent a rapidly emerging, particularly challenging class of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs). VANETs are distributed, self-organizing communication networks built up from traveling vehicles, and are thus characterized by very high speed and limited degrees of freedom in nodes movement patterns. This makes the network topology changes very frequently and very rapidly, therefore more unstable when compared to MANETs, and existing protocols initially proposed for MANETs, mainly at the NET and the MAC layers, are not suitable for VANETs as they are. The vehicles' movement information assumes an important parameter which should be considered when designing any protocol for VANETs. In this work, we propose a concept which exploits the movement information of involved vehicles to predict the future status of the network topology. We call this concept MOPR (MOvement PRediction). Based on the prediction of the network topology evolution, the MOPRcross-layer architecture introduces a new metric called Link Stability (LS) metric to each communication link. This metric is then used at the NET layer to help the routing protocol in selecting the most stable routes, and at the MAC layer to help the MAC protocol to guarantee a better control between nodes when accessing the medium. Based on extensive simulations, we show the network performances improvements that MOPR can bring, mainly in case of highly dynamic networks. We present as well a preliminary prototype of MOPR. This prototype, even if still at an early stage, gives already an idea on the problems we may meet in implementing MOPR for realistic environments which will help us to improve our proposals
Favreau, Laurent. "Modélisation du mouvement des quadrupèdes à partir de la vidéo." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00379321.
Повний текст джерелаLafaquière, Vincent. "Compréhension et prédiction de l'énantiosélectivité des lipases." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ISAT0002/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work has been focused on the understanding of the Burkholderia cepacia lipase (BCL) enantioselectivity towards 2-substituted acids which are chiral building blocks of pharmaceutical interest. The main objective of this work was the investigation of the potential role of substrate accessibility toward the buried active site of BCL on enantioselectivity and the development of an engineering procedure for the design of enantioselective mutants. To study further this hypothesis, a novel computational approach, based on motion-planning algorithms, originally used in robotics, was developed. It allows the conformational exploration of constrained high-dimensional spaces and was applied to the computation of trajectories for a set of racemates within the catalytic site. This methodology also enables the identification of residues potentially hindering substrates displacement along the active site. Results obtained in silico were correlated qualitatively with experimental values of enantioselectivity. On the basis of these results, engineering of the narrow active site of BCL has been undertaken to modulate selectively the access of R and S enantiomers to the catalytic triade. An heterologous expression system of BCL in E. coli compatible with production at microplate scale was developed. A library of 57 (3x19) variants targeted at positions Leu17, Val266 and Leu287 was built by iPCR and subsequently screened using a medium-throughput procedure to identify active variants against pNPB hydrolysis. Next, the enantioselectivity of these mutants was evaluated towards a given racemate, the (R,S)-2-chloro ethyl 2-bromophenylacetate, using a novel screening procedure developed in deep wells. Such screening enabled the identification of several variants amongst which the most promising were characterized. Mutants Leu17Ser and Leu17Met showed a remarkable 10-fold increase of their enantioselectivity and a 4- and 5-fold improvement of their specific activity. Compared to the wild-type enzyme, mutant Val266Gly displayed a reversed enantioselectivity for the substrate of interest. Investigation of the trajectories using motion-planning techniques combined to a voxel map representation was carried out. For selected variants, a fair correlation was observed between in silico and experimental results. Moreover, this enabled us to suggest novel combinations of mutations that led to the identification of two double-mutants Leu17Met/Val266Met and Leu17Ser/Leu287Ile showing an enantioselectivity value higher than 150 for the racemic substrate, revealing thus the effiency of the semi-rational strategy
Levillain, Florent. "Poursuivre des chimères : limitations de l'imagerie dynamique." Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/14329105X#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis we study the possibility for a cognitive mechanism to be dedicated to the simulation of movement. An equivalency thesis between perception and imagination is at stake, wherein the supposition is made that some processes allow to mentally track an objet the way we visually track a real object, and that mental tracking is enriched with implicit knowledge related to the physical and causal structure of the environment. We use a new experimental paradigm enabling to combine a causality attribution task to a prediction of movement task in which participants are told to imagine the trajectory of a moving object disappearing behind a screen. We show that the prediction is at departure from a correct extrapolation, in a way inconsistent with the use of analogical reprentations of a movement, and that there is no evidence for a detailed representation of the physical and causal structure of dynamical events. We discuss these results along the line of a deflationnary thesis regarding the human skills in dynamic imagery
Causse, Mathieu. "Simulation aveugle large bande du mouvement sismique." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10002.
Повний текст джерелаThe prediction of realistic ground motion produced by a hypothetical future earthquake is a fundamental stage in anticipating potential damage. This thesis proposes two new approaches, based on the empirical Green's function (EGF) technique, to perform ground motion simulations in a complex media, in a wide frequency range and from a realistic rupture process. The first method uses a simple source description (crack model). The second one accounts for the source complexity with a k-2 source model. In order to estimate the low-frequency ground motion, the EGFs, which have a bad signal to noise ratio below 1 Hz, are replaced with 3D spectral element simulations. The main issue to simulate a future earthquake is the a priori choice of the source parameters (stress drop, position of the rupture nucleation. . . ), often poorly constrained. This choice controls the median and the variability of the ground motion. Two approaches are investigated. First, source parameter distributions are directly assessed from kinematic source inversion results. In order to ensure that the predicted ground motion levels are realistic, we propose a new approach, the principle of which is to calibrate EGF ground motion predictions at a reference rock station by means of empirical ground motion equations. The different procedures are used to calculate the effects of M 5. 5 earthquake at 15 km in the Grenoble sedimentary basin. The comparison with EC8 regulations shows that regulation spectra are exceeded at some points within the basin, at 0. 3 Hz and around 2 Hz
Causse, Mathieu. "Simulation aveugle large bande du mouvement sismique." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00392066.
Повний текст джерелаLa difficulté principale pour simuler "en aveugle" est le choix des paramètres de la source (chute de contrainte, point de nucléation,...), mal contraints, et qu'il faudra pourtant estimer a priori. Ce choix contrôle le niveau médian et la variabilité du mouvement sismique. La première solution testée consiste à déterminer directement les lois de distribution de ces paramètres à partir des résultats issus de l'inversion cinématique. Afin de garantir que les niveaux simulés sont réalistes, nous proposons dans un second temps de calibrer les simulations par FGE en un site de référence au rocher en utilisant un modèle de prédiction empirique.
Les différentes méthodes sont appliquées pour simuler dans le bassin grenoblois un séisme de magnitude 5.5 à 15 km. La comparaison aux normes EC8 montre que les spectres réglementaires sont dépassés en certains points du bassin sédimentaire, à 0.3 Hz et autour de 0.2 Hz.
Floc'H, France. "Prédiction de trajectoires d'objets immergés par couplage entre modèles d'écoulement et équations d'Euler-Newton." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00624098.
Повний текст джерелаPousse, Guillaume. "Analyse des données accélérométriques de K-net et Kik-net : implications pour la prédiction du mouvement sismique - accélérogrammes et spectres de réponse - et la prise en compte des effets de site non-linéaire." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00068748.
Повний текст джерелаBou, Rjeily Carine. "Data mining and learning for markers extraction to improve the medical monitoring platforms." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCA012.
Повний текст джерелаThe World Health Organization accords that about 31 % of deaths worldwide are caused by heart diseases every year. Data mining is a process of extracting interesting non-trivial, previously unknownand potentially useful information from huge amount of data. Medical data mining is the science of investigating medical data (i.e. vital signs) to explore significant information. Analyzing and interpreting the huge amount of complicated data into an appropriate therapeutic diagnosis with the right results is quite challenging task. Still, the fact that it is possible to combine these factors up to a certain point and extract a usually successful treatment, prevention and recovery plan is a sign of the good things to come. Thanks to that, it is now possible to improve patients’ quality of life, prevent condition worsening while maintaining medical costs at the decrease. This explains the increasing popularity in the usage and application of machine learning techniques to analyze, predict and classify medical data. As a first contribution, we studied many sequential patterns algorithms that are promising techniques in exploring data and we classified them in order to choose an appropriate one for predicting Heart Failure classes and presence. After comparing all the algorithms and implementing them on the same medical dataset, the CPT+ a sequence prediction algorithm has been chosen as it gave the most accurate results reaching an accuracy of 90.5% in predicting heart failure and its classes. By using the CPT+ algorithm with real patients dataset, we predicted heart failure 10 to 12 days prior. Thereafter, we switched our studies to time series strategy, and worked on real data extracted from real patients. 5 parameters were extracted from 3 patients over the course of a few years. The Random Tree algorithm yielded more the 85% correct predictions of heart failure 7 days prior
Beyer, Benoit. "Contribution à la modélisation 3D du thorax humain durant le mouvement respiratoire : analyse in vivo de la cinématique des articulations du thorax." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1309/document.
Повний текст джерелаBreathing is a vital phenomenon that implies synergy of various anatomical structures that constitute the thorax. Joint physiology remains a relatively poorly-known component of the overall thorax physiology. Quantitative literature related to in vivo thorax kinematics during breathing is scarce. The present work focuses specifically on developing and applying a methodology to reach this goal. The developed method combined processing of CT data obtained at different lung volumes and infographic techniques. Detailed ranges of motion (ROMs) and axes of movement (mean helical axes, MHAs) were obtained at costovertebral joints in 12 asymptomatic subjects; rib ROMs gradually decrease with increasing rib number; lung volume and rib level have a significant influence on rib ROM; MHAs did not differ between rib levels. In addition, the method was applied on a sample of 10 patients with cystic fibrosis. The pathological condition significantly influenced CVJ ROMs while the orientation of the MHAs did not differ. Finally, the sternal displacement, sternal angle variations and sternocostal joints (SCJ at rib1 to 7) kinematics during breathing motion were analyzed. Rib ranges of motion relative to sternum decreased with increasing rib number similarly to CVJ. Orientation of the MHAs did not differ between SCJ levels. A significant linear correlation was demonstrated between sternum vertical displacement and rib ranges of motion at both CVJ and SCJ. The present work substantially contributes to 3D modelling of human thorax in breathing at a joint level both qualitatively and quantitatively
Meric, Henri. "Exploration de la fonction respiratoire des patients neuromusculaires à partir d’une analyse en trois dimensions (3D) du mouvement de la paroi thoracoabdominale." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV095/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is divided into two parts : the first part is to developand validate a technical exploration of respiratory function using motioncapturetools of the chest and abdomen in three dimensions. Innovation isthe application of a method of calculation of underlying lung volumes notyet used with this technique. The second part is to highlight the medicalinterest of this technique for clinical use in targeted respiratory pathologiesand/or specific medical conditions.First and following a literature review of methods of exploration of respiratoryfunction by optoelectronics measure we have proposed a new methodto compute respiratory volumes of motion capture of thoracoabdominalwall. This method takes into account the movements of the thoracoabdominalsurface of the wall. A comparison between this new method, optoelectronicstandard approach and spirometry (Reference method) showsthat this new method allows an accurate assessment of respiratory volumes.Secondly, once the issue of metrological sufficiently accurate measurementof volumes validated, we looked at the clinical interest of enhancing thecontribution of the different compartments of the thoracoabdominal wallin the breakdown of muscular dystrophy patients and mechanically ventilatedsubjects. An initial study on a population of patients with acid maltasedeficiency, for the identification of the diaphragmatic dysfunction was performed.Thus we have demonstrated that the contribution of the abdominalarea for ventilation is correlated with invasive indices transdiaphragmaticpressures. This now allows us to follow the evolution of diaphragmaticfunction of these patients noninvasively. A second study was the analysis ofthe abdominal contribution to the ventilation when the latter is mechanicallyassisted. Thus we have seen that mechanical ventilation decreased abdominalcontribution, whatever the method of ventilatory assistance used,suggesting a decrease in diaphragmatic activity under mechanical ventilationand thus confirm a mechanical ventilation efficiency. A third studyon the patient with Duchenne de Boulogne has quantified the short-termeffects of blowing maneuvers and exsufflation on unassisted mobility ofthe rib cage. Thus we observed immediately after these maneuvers, betterexpansion and balancing this thoracoabdominal expansion during inspirationand maximum expiration. This calls for a more systematic use of thesetechniques every day in the care of this population, particularly for thosewith disharmony of thoracoabdominal movement.This work allows us to offer this new exploration to follow evolving diseasesaffecting the respiratory mechanics and impact of specific treatmentsand to envisage an industrial application of this new measurementtool
Joinie-Maurin, Mathieu. "Téléchirurgie robotisée au contact d'organes mobiles." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAD017/document.
Повний текст джерелаComputer aided medical gesture kept increasing during the last decade. This phenomenon is linkedto the evolution of surgical technique and specially the use of minimally invasive surgery. Thisrevolutionary technique allows reducing infection risks but introduces new problems. Indeed, thesurgeon has limited motion capability because the use of trocars. Therefore, robotics communityinterest has kept growing in order to develop specific robotized devices. One of the most currentstudied topics is teleoperation in which two robots are used: the master and the slave. In a medicalcontext, the master robot is manipulated by the surgeon and the slave robot is in contact with theoperated organ. The first generation of those systems did not allow the surgeon to feel how muchforce he applies on the patient. Then with the second generation, force-feedback was introduced.Even if this technique introduces new problems such as control and stability, it also allows medicalgesture improvements. One commonly cited problem is the physiological motion of organs forexample.This thesis mainly focuses on the subject of physiological motion compensation in the context ofmedical force feedback teleoperation. The aim is to prove that the surgeon is able to teleoperate anorgan submitted to a physiological motion, and especially respiratory motion, without feeling thisdisturbance.First of all, the choice of the teleoperation scheme is important. In the literature, many can be found.To simplify this study, a two communication channel scheme has been chosen. This means that onlyone information is sent from the master to the slave and another one from the slave to the master. Inorder to fulfill a task in the free space and in contact with the environment, and to compensate aforce disturbance, the force-position scheme is selected. In this case, the slave sends forceinformation and the master sends back position information.[...]
Beaumont, Florent. "Prédiction du mouvement 2D d'une plaque épaisse fissurée et caratérisation de la fissure par inversion de la réponse à une sollicitation périodique." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX2A002.
Повний текст джерелаMonnier, Gilles. "Simulation de mouvements humains complexes et prédiction de l'inconfort associé : application à l'évaluation ergonomique du bouclage de la ceinture de sécurité." Lyon, INSA, 2004. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2004ISAL0050/these.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDigital Human Models from now on enable to visualize interactions between an operator and virtual environments, and, as a result, to integrate human factors at a very early stage of design. However, the lack of realism of the generated motions, their low representativity of a population, as well as the real difficulty to create those movements limit the use of these tools into a design process. The objective of this work is therefore to propose an approach enabling a designer, not only to easily simulate complex, realist and representative human motions, but also to assess and explain the discomfort feeling. Regarding discomfort, two approaches were proposed and compared, either based on design parameters or on bio-mechanical parameters. As for motion simulation, the proposed approach is based on data, collected during experiments, as well as knowledge, gathered during motion analysis, integrated into a general framework, and used during the motion simulation process
Munoz-Jimenez, Vianney. "Estimation de mouvement par maillage déformable pour des applications de vidéoconférences à bas débits de transmission." Paris 13, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA132009.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis studies the reduction of the inter-temporal redundancy available between images in a video sequence for videoconference applications at low bit-rate transmission. To overcome the drawbacks of traditional block matching algorithm, including low bit-rate transmission, we propose to better describe the motion of objects through the deformation of 2D rectangular mesh based on a hierarchical strategy. The selected 2D mesh is based on the content of the object using its edges. For its construction, we first developed an algorithm in order to adequately represent the object to follow in the scene. To increase the performance of our video encoder, the INTER coding mode that we developed is based on two classes of algorithms. The first one concerns the images of type B where the problem of motion estimation is solved using bidirectional prediction algorithm of the rectangular mesh based on spline interpolation functions. This motion estimation class does not require any cost coding. The second class of the developed algorithms concerns more specifically images of type P. This class, much more complex than the first one, adresses not only the motion estimation problem but also its compensation. Having the strong constraint of the coding cost, the proposed algorithm for motion estimation is based on the principle of merging hierarchical reference meshes. Moreover, to reduce the cost coding related to the node positions and their interconnections, we developed an algorithm which requires a very small budget binary to be transmitted to the decoder. Simulations show that the implementation of the proposed motion estimation algorithms oÿer good performance in terms of the quality of the decoded images for very low bit-rate transmission compared to the current video coder H. 264/AV C
Gatti, Filippo. "Analyse physics-based de scénarios sismiques «de la faille au site» : prédiction de mouvement sismique fort pour l’étude de vulnérabilité sismique de structures critiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC051/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe ambition of this work is the prediction of a synthetic yet realistic broad-band incident wave-field, induced by strong ground motion earthquakes at sites of strategic importance, such as nuclear power plants. To this end, an multi-tool platform is developed and exploited to simulate the different aspects of the complex and multi-scale phenomenon an earthquake embodies. This multi-scale computational framework copes with the manifold nature of an earthquake by a holistic local-to-regional approach. A complex case study is chosen to this end: is the MW6.6 Niigata-Ken Ch¯uetsu-Oki earthquake, which damaged the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa nuclear power plant. The observed non-linear site-effects are at first investigated and characterized. In the following, the 3D source-to-site model is constructed and employed to provide reliable input ground motion, for a frequency band of 0-7 Hz. The effect of the folded geological structure underneath the site is quantified by simulating two aftershocks of moderate intensity and by estimating the spatial variability of the response spectra at different locations within the nuclear site. The numerical outcome stresses the need for a more detailed description of the incident wave-field used as input parameter in the antiseismic structural design of nuclear reactors and facilities. Finally, the frequency band of the time-histories obtained as outcome of the numerical simulations is enlarged by exploiting the stochastic prediction of short-period response ordinates provided by Artificial Neural Networks
Wira, Patrice. "Réseaux neuromimétiques, modularité et statistiques : estimation du mouvement pour l'asservissement visuel de robots." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009211.
Повний текст джерелаNous nous sommes intéressé au cas d'objets mobiles, et plus particulièrement à l'estimation du mouvement de ces objets, nécessaire pour une exécution satisfaisante des tâches de poursuite. La qualité de poursuite est en effet grandement améliorée grâce à une estimation robuste du mouvement. Pour réaliser l'estimation, nous proposons une approche nouvelle, basée sur l'aspect adaptatif du filtrage de Kalman. Contrairement au filtre classique de Kalman, ce filtre n'utilise aucun modèle ni connaissance a priori. La représentation d'état est adaptée en permanence en fonction des observations courantes pour représenter au mieux la dynamique du système. Il s'agit d'une approche modulaire à modèle multiple. Plusieurs filtres sont utilisés et la probabilité pour chacun de calculer l'estimation optimale est déterminée par apprentissage. Un réseau de neurones, sur cette base statistique, supervise l'ensemble des filtres et permet de compenser le caractère non stationnaire des mouvements de l'objet mobile.
Les informations visuelles estimées servent à contrôler les déplacements du robot. Des extensions de la carte auto-organisatrice de Kohonen à sorties supervisées servent à approximer la transformation sensori-motrice du système robot-vision. La relation apprise se trouve dès lors à l'origine de la loi de commande du robot. L'apprentissage est entièrement réalisé en contexte, en exploitant les corrélations sensori-motrices durant les mouvements des robots.
Les méthodes présentées dans cette thèse ont été validées en simulation et par des expérimentations réalisées sur une plate-forme robotique réelle.
Mohanna, Hachem. "Étude du mouvement des réseaux mobiles ad-hoc, estimation et prédiction de la qualité de lien par une méthode d'extrapolation historique utilisant les "Time Series"." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2006. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/513/1/MOHANNA_Hachem.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRit, Simon. "Prise en compte du mouvement respiratoire pour la reconstruction d'images tomodensitométriques : obtention d'images TDM 4D en salle de traitement pour la radiothérapie du cancer du poumon." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/rit_s.
Повний текст джерелаA computed tomography (CT) represents the 3D map of the linear attenuation coefficients of a X-ray beam. If the patient breath and the motion is not taken into account, the CT images of the thorax are disturbed by strong artifacts such as blur, streaks and bands. The objective of this thesis is to propose methods to correct these artifacts and to apply them in the context of the radiotherapy of the lung cancer to sequences of cone-beam projections acquired with a CT scanner mounted on the gantry of a linear accelerator. The first method uses a respiratory signal to select for the reconstruction the projections corresponding to a same phase. To apply it, we proposed a method to extract automatically the respiratory signal from the cone-beam projections. A quantitative analysis was then performed on simulated data to evaluate the impact of the reconstruction algorithm and of the different selection parameters of the cone-beam projections. We obtain thus CT images without blur but with a quality limited due to the small number of projections used. Other approaches modify the reconstruction algorithm to compensate for the respiratory motion using a realistic model, which allows to use all the acquired projections. We proposed two motion compensated reconstruction methods. The first one is analytic and based on a heuristic. The second one solves the problem algebraically from a discrete formulation of the transformations at stake via two new approaches, one forward and the other backward
Marat, Sophie. "Modèles de saillance visuelle par fusion d'informations sur la luminance, le mouvement et les visages pour la prédiction de mouvements oculaires lors de l'exploration de vidéos." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPG0012.
Повний текст джерелаMarat, Sophie. "Modèles de saillance visuelle par fusion d'informations sur la luminance, le mouvement et les visages pour la prédiction de mouvements oculaires lors de l'exploration de vidéos." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00497787.
Повний текст джерелаChaabouni, Souad. "Etude et prédiction d'attention visuelle avec les outils d'apprentissage profond en vue d'évaluation des patients atteints des maladies neuro-dégénératives." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0768/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is motivated by the diagnosis and the evaluation of the dementia diseasesand with the aim of predicting if a new recorded gaze presents a complaint of thesediseases. Nevertheless, large-scale population screening is only possible if robust predictionmodels can be constructed. In this context, we are interested in the design and thedevelopment of automatic prediction models for specific visual content to be used in thepsycho-visual experience involving patients with dementia (PwD). The difficulty of sucha prediction lies in a very small amount of training data.Visual saliency models cannot be founded only on bottom-up features, as suggested byfeature integration theory. The top-down component of human visual attention becomesprevalent as human observers explore the visual scene. Visual saliency can be predictedon the basis of seen data. Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have proven tobe a powerful tool for prediction of salient areas in static images. In order to constructan automatic prediction model for the salient areas in natural and intentionally degradedvideos, we have designed a specific CNN architecture. To overcome the lack of learningdata we designed a transfer learning scheme derived from bengio’s method. We measureits performances when predicting salient regions. The obtained results are interestingregarding the reaction of normal control subjects against degraded areas in videos. Thepredicted saliency map of intentionally degraded videos gives an interesting results comparedto gaze fixation density maps and other reference models
Fayad, Hadi. "Respiratory motion modeling for use in diagnostic imaging and radiation therapy." Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES2058.
Повний текст джерелаOne of the most important parameters reducing the sensitivity and specificity in the thoracic and abdominal areas is respiratory motion and associated deformations which represent today an important challenge in medical imaging. In addition, respiratory motion reduces accuracy in image fusion from combined positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET/CT) systems. Solutions presented to date include respiratory synchronized PET and CT acquisitions. However, differences between acquired 4D PET and corresponding CT image series have been reported due to differences in respiration conditions during PET and CT acquisitions. In addition, the radiation dose burden resulting from a 4D CT acquisition may not be justifiable for every patient. The first objective of this thesis was to generate dynamic CT images from one reference CT image; based on deformation matrices obtained from the elastic registration of 4D non attenuation corrected PET images. Such an approach eliminates, on one hand the need for the acquisition of dynamic CT, while at the same time ensuring the good matching between CT and PET images. The second objective was to develop and evaluate methods of building patient specific respiratory motion models and at as a second step more developed generic respiratory motion models. These models relate the internal motion to the parameters of an external surrogate signal (PET respiratory signal or patient's surface) that can be acquired during data acquisition and treatment delivery. Finally, the two developed models were validated and used in the PET respiratory motion and attenuation correction and in radiation therapy applications
Bogadhi, Amarender R. "Une étude expérimentale et théorique de l'intégration de mouvement pour la poursuite lente : Un modèle Bayesien récurrent et hiérarchique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM5009/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis addresses two studies by studying smooth pursuit eye movements for a translating tilted bar stimulus. First, the dynamic integration of local visual motion signals originating from retina and second, the influence of extra-retinal signals on motion integration. It also proposes a more generalized, hierarchical recurrent bayesian framework for smooth pursuit. The first study involved investigating dynamic motion integration for varying contrasts and speeds using a tilted bar stimuli. Results show that higher speeds and lower contrasts result in higher initial direction bias and subsequent dynamics of motion integration is slower for lower contrasts. It proposes an open-loop version of a recurrent bayesian model where a recurrent bayesian network is cascaded with an oculomotor plant to generate smooth pursuit responses. The model responses qualitatively account for the different dynamics observed in smooth pursuit responses to tilted bar stimulus at different speeds and contrasts. The second study investigated the dynamic interactions between retinal and extra-retinal signals in dynamic motion integration for smooth pursuit by transiently blanking the target at different moments during open-loop and steady-state phases of pursuit. The results suggest that weights to retinal and extra-retinal signals are dynamic in nature and extra-retinal signals dominate retinal signals on target reappearance after a blank introduced during open-loop of pursuit when compared to a blank introduced during steady-state of pursuit. The previous version of the model is updated to a closed-loop version and extended to a hierarchical recurrent bayesian model
Petibon, Yoann. "Développement de méthodes quantitatives en imagerie simultanée TEP-IRM." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066187.
Повний текст джерелаThe physiologic motion of organs during the data acquisition and the finite system’s Point Spread Function (PSF) both limit the image quality of Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Recently, whole-body (WB) simultaneous PET-Magnetic Resonance (MR) scanners have become available. This modality offers an elegant solution to the motion problem since MR-based motion information can be used to correct the PET images for motion. Nevertheless, to fully benefit from the new capabilities offered by PET-MR, it is essential to also compensate the images for PSF-related degradations. The goal of this thesis was to develop methods allowing to improve PET image quality using PET-MR. In that perspective, we have developed MRI acquisition/processing techniques to measure organs’ motion. We have modeled the spatially-varying PSF using point source measurements. We have then incorporated MR-based motion information (of both emission and attenuation maps) and PSF modeling into fully-3D iterative PET reconstruction, yielding images virtually free of motion artifacts while reducing PSF-related effects. These methods were evaluated for two key applications of WB PET-MR, oncology and cardiology, using phantom, animal and patient studies, demonstrating improved image quality and assessment of tumors and myocardial defects. In addition, we have developed methods allowing to improve PET imaging of small coronary atherosclerotic plaques, a promising pre-clinical application of PET-MR, which were evaluated using a realistic PET-MR simulation study. Overall, the results obtained demonstrate that the developed methodology can substantially improve PET image quality as compared to standard methods
Petibon, Yoann. "Développement de méthodes quantitatives en imagerie simultanée TEP-IRM." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066187.
Повний текст джерелаThe physiologic motion of organs during the data acquisition and the finite system’s Point Spread Function (PSF) both limit the image quality of Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Recently, whole-body (WB) simultaneous PET-Magnetic Resonance (MR) scanners have become available. This modality offers an elegant solution to the motion problem since MR-based motion information can be used to correct the PET images for motion. Nevertheless, to fully benefit from the new capabilities offered by PET-MR, it is essential to also compensate the images for PSF-related degradations. The goal of this thesis was to develop methods allowing to improve PET image quality using PET-MR. In that perspective, we have developed MRI acquisition/processing techniques to measure organs’ motion. We have modeled the spatially-varying PSF using point source measurements. We have then incorporated MR-based motion information (of both emission and attenuation maps) and PSF modeling into fully-3D iterative PET reconstruction, yielding images virtually free of motion artifacts while reducing PSF-related effects. These methods were evaluated for two key applications of WB PET-MR, oncology and cardiology, using phantom, animal and patient studies, demonstrating improved image quality and assessment of tumors and myocardial defects. In addition, we have developed methods allowing to improve PET imaging of small coronary atherosclerotic plaques, a promising pre-clinical application of PET-MR, which were evaluated using a realistic PET-MR simulation study. Overall, the results obtained demonstrate that the developed methodology can substantially improve PET image quality as compared to standard methods
Cao, Yi-Heng. "Apprentissage génératif pour la synthèse d'images médicales dynamiques 4D." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BRES0004.
Повний текст джерелаFour-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) involves reconstructing an acquisition in multiple phases to track the movements of internal organs and tumors. It is used routinely for radiotherapy treatment planning of lung cancer, but it exposes patients to higher radiation doses, up to six times greater than those of a conventional threedimensional computed tomography (3DCT). Deep learning methods from the field of computer vision are gaining significant interest within the medical imaging community. Among these approaches, generative models stand out due to their ability to generate synthetic images that faithfully replicate the appearance and statistical characteristics of images acquired from real systems. In this thesis, we explore the use of a generative model for dynamic image generation. We propose a model capable of generating patient-specific respiratory motion from a diagnostic 3DCT image and respiratory data. The goal is to enable radiologists to delineate target volumes and organs at risk, as well as perform dose calculations on these dynamic synthetic images. This method would reduce the need for a 4DCT acquisition, thereby reducing the patient’s radiation exposure
Sierra, Gonzalez David. "Towards Human-Like Prediction and Decision-Making for Automated Vehicles in Highway Scenarios." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAM012/document.
Повний текст джерелаDuring the past few decades automakers have consistently introduced technological innovations aimed to make road vehicles safer. The level of sophistication of these advanced driver assistance systems has increased parallel to developments in sensor technology and embedded computing power. More recently, a lot of the research made both by industry and institutions has concentrated on achieving fully automated driving. The potential societal benefits of this technology are numerous, including safer roads, improved traffic flows, increased mobility for the elderly and the disabled, and optimized human productivity. However, before autonomous vehicles can be commercialized they should be able to safely share the road with human drivers. In other words, they should be capable of inferring the state and intentions of surrounding traffic from the raw data provided by a variety of onboard sensors, and to use this information to make safe navigation decisions. Moreover, in order to truly navigate safely they should also consider potential obstacles not observed by the sensors (such as occluded vehicles or pedestrians). Despite the apparent complexity of the task, humans are extremely good at predicting the development of traffic situations. After all, the actions of any traffic participant are constrained by the road network, by the traffic rules, and by a risk-aversive common sense. The lack of this ability to naturally understand a traffic scene constitutes perhaps the major challenge holding back the large-scale deployment of truly autonomous vehicles in the roads.In this thesis, we address the full pipeline from driver behavior modeling and inference to decision-making for navigation. In the first place, we model the behavior of a generic driver automatically from demonstrated driving data, avoiding thus the traditional hand-tuning of the model parameters. This model encodes the preferences of a driver with respect to the road network (e.g. preferred lane or speed) and also with respect to other road users (e.g. preferred distance to the leading vehicle). Secondly, we describe a method that exploits the learned model to predict the future sequence of actions of any driver in a traffic scene up to the distant future. This model-based prediction method assumes that all traffic participants behave in a risk-aware manner and can therefore fail to predict dangerous maneuvers or accidents. To be able to handle such cases, we propose a more sophisticated probabilistic model that estimates the state and intentions of surrounding traffic by combining the model-based prediction with the dynamic evidence provided by the sensors. In a way, the proposed model mimics the reasoning process of human drivers: we know what a given vehicle is likely to do given the situation (this is given by the model), but we closely monitor its dynamics to detect deviations from the expected behavior. In practice, combining both sources of information results in an increased robustness of the intention estimates in comparison with approaches relying only on dynamic evidence. Finally, the learned driver behavioral model and the prediction model are integrated within a probabilistic decision-making framework. The proposed methods are validated with real-world data collected with an instrumented vehicle. Although focused on highway environments, this work could be easily adapted to handle alternative traffic scenarios
Delmon, Vivien. "Recalage déformable de projections de scanner X à faisceau conique." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAL0128/document.
Повний текст джерелаMotion estimation is a challenge in radiotherapy. It requires security margins to account for the incertitude on the tumor position. In this thesis, we address the problem of estimating the motion directly in the treatment room using the cone-beam projections. Firstly, we proposed a new breathing motion model that takes into account the sliding discontinuity between the rib-cage and the lungs. This method uses a segmentation of the inner part of the rib-cage which is obtained by an algorithm that requires the segmentation of the lungs and the rib-cage. The algorithms segmenting these parts were not robust enough and we proposed methods to improve their robustness. Compared to previous methods using this mask, our motion model is more robust to segmentation inconsistencies because it only requires a single mask instead of two consistent masks. Moreover, in case of 2D/3D registration, the computation of the second mask is usually not possible. The proposed model restricts the transformation to physically plausible motions and rely on a single segmentation. Secondly, we proposed a 2D/3D registration algorithm that uses our breathing model to extract motion from the cone-beam projections obtained just before the treatment. This algorithm was tested on simulated data. Then, we applied it to real data to reconstruct motion compensated images to remove motion blur from cone-beam CT. The proposed approach gives access to the patient motion just before the treatment, which can be used to daily adapt the treatment or to compute 4D dose maps. This approach can be used for other motions in other anatomic regions
Joinié-Maurin, Mathieu. "Téléchirurgie robotisée au contact d'organes mobiles." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00746479.
Повний текст джерелаDrouet, Stéphane. "Analyse des données accélérométriques pour la caractérisation de l'aléa sismique en France métropolitaine." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00086503.
Повний текст джерелаDans un premier temps, l'analyse des données de séismes modérés a permis d'établir une échelle homogène de magnitudes issues du moment sismique. Par ailleurs, les réponses de site des stations du réseau RAP ont été calculées pour les Pyrénées, les Alpes et le fossé Rhénan. Enfin, les phénomènes d'atténuation au niveau de la France semblent présenter des variations régionales. En se basant sur les résultats précédents, l'applicabilité de certains modèles empiriques de mouvements forts a été démontrée, à partir des séismes les plus importants enregistés par le RAP
Beyer, Benoît. "Contribution to 3D modelling of the human thorax in breathing movement: In vivo analysis of thorax joint kinematics: Contribution à la modélisation 3D du thorax humain durant le mouvement respiratoire: Analyse in vivo de la cinématique des articulations du thorax." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/241723.
Повний текст джерелаDoctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques (Médecine)
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Stubbe, Laurent. "Etude des micromouvements physiologiques objectivés par un système optoélectronique : Application à la ventilation et influence sur les micromouvements crâniens." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASW003.
Повний текст джерелаVariations assesment in skull’conformation is of interest in various clinical fields. The main prupose of the thesis is to estimate skull’s micromovements using a non-invasive tool.Respiratory rate assesement by monitoring lower chest volume’s variations using the Vicon optoelectronic system is compared to spirometer and ECG monitoring. The results show that the Vicon system records accuratly the respiratory rate signal from 12 retro-reflective markers located on the anteroinferior wall of the thorax. The data are very strongly correlated (r=1) and show a perfect agreement with a limits of agreement = 8*10-4 Hz.Skull conformation changes assesed by Vicon system using controlled respiratory rate are investigated. Micro-movements are correlated with the measurement of the sub-pectoral volume (r = 1). The measurement of the peak respiratory rate at the level of the skull agrees with the measurement of the sub-pectoral volume for TLAD-TLAG obtained a bias = -2.5*10-4 Hz and for the AngleLat= -4.5*10- 4 Hz.The cranial parameters are compared and ranked in order to identify a variable representative of the phenomenon. A principal component analysis predicts AngleLat as the coefficient associated with the principal component representative of 61% of the explanatory variance.Finally, the parameters were analyzed in the frequency domain through the concept of coherence and then in the time domain through cross-correlations method. There is a good correlation between right and left angle variations. The duration of acquisitions has an impact on the variation of the delay and little on the correlation coefficient. The parameter the least correlated with the others is the variation of the thoracic volume. The coherence analysis confirms these results.The results of this work show that it is possible to analyze the micromovements of the skull in a non-invasive way, to develop the osteopathic educational model, to evaluate changes in intracranial pressure in routine clinical practice