Дисертації з теми "Pratiques et cultures populaires"
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Audoin-Martin, Alexandra. "Le développement du hip-hop, du skate board et d’autres pratiques de rue dans les départements ruraux : les engagements des amateurs : exemples dans le Cantal et l’Aveyron." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA083754.
This thesis deals with the development of hip-hop, skateboarding and other similar urban street activities in rural French departments, and more particularly with the involvement (both inside and outside clubs or associations) of the practisers of those activities. The study is based on a participatory observation and an active research in two departments, Cantal and Aveyron. It sets out to demonstrate that these new activities can be observed deep into the rural landscape, showing the urbanization of our way of living. Hip-hop and skateboarding transcend generations, social and cultural group identities the same way as other sporting, artistic or cultural activities. These practices illustrate the current tendency towards individual non-institutionalized leisure pursuits and are at the same time transgressive/free and integrated in an economic system, full of contradictions. They lack recognition (as our field researches show) despite their popularity. Wanting to develop those activities further, many practisers are involved in associations or groups. The most militating ones express a determined, dynamic and anti-establishment attitude. They adhere to a strategic and utilitarian logic, combining personal and collective aims. Finally, they are driven by a passion and their associative involvements are influenced by an affective force
Miamouini-Nkouka, Lucie-Blanche. "Histoire, pratiques et représentations : la céramique du Congo-Brazzaville entre culture matérielle et culture spirituelle." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0068.
One question could sum up our preoccupation : how could one define "historiticity regimes" through ceramic? How could one describe relationship between pratics (how to make a work of art etc), waiting (structures that could favor or not these pratics) and meanings? How, which ceramic can be possible ties between a social group that produces it and representations, conceptions and beleives it projects on it? If this tie is obvious, so ceramic is a mean of communication betwenn visible and invisible, the collective uncounsciousness and material activity. Object of communication between a group and its representations, a way of telling narratives about fear, fantasms of a group, a crossing of relationships between subject and object, ceramic allow us to undestund the very congolese (Brazzaville) history
Poyraz, Mustafa. "Espaces de proximité et animation socioculturelle. Analyse des pratiques dans une dizaine de quartiers populaires." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EVRY0012.
Perronnet, Clémence. "La culture scientifique des enfants en milieux populaires : étude de cas sur la construction sociale du goût, des pratiques et des représentations des sciences." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEN076/document.
This thesis examines the way working class children’s practices and representations of science areconstructed. It aims to renew the approach of persistent inequalities in access to science pathwaysand careers, in which women and people from the working class and/or ethno-racial minoritiesremain largely underrepresented. In order to question power relationships underlying access toscience in a new way, this research considers science not only as a body of knowledge and aprofessional eld, but also as a culture. Evidence for this study comes from longitudinal interviewsconducted with about 50 children (two interviews, in the 4th and 6th grade) and with parents,teachers, and science mediators. The analysis also relies on the detailed ethnographic study (4years of observation in classrooms) of an educational project aimed at promoting equality inscience which involved part of our sample, thus questioning the effects of this type of program.The thesis establishes that the social construct of gendered, classed and racialised patterns ofattitudes to science is the result of science-related cultural practices developed during childhood.On the one hand, several instances of cultural socialization (family, siblings, peers, school)combine to favor or hinder the development of children’s science hobbies. On the other hand, thescientific culture that children from the working class consume and practice leads them to constructrepresentations of science as other, and devoid of identificatory possibilities. This discourages girlsand boys from formulating science aspirations
Krasniqi, Shemsi. "Croyances et pratiques rituelles albanaises du Kosovo : réflexions sur une écoculture." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG003.
The main idea of the thesis is the eco-culture, that is to say, a deep reflection on the spiritual relationship between human and nature. To explain this idea, I analyze some characteristic elements of the traditional culture, such as punishment, curse, blessing, oath, metamorphosis, empathy, reverence, sacredness, etc. These cultural elements do not concern only the mores and ethical human practices in social life, but also the relationship between human and nature. Nowadays, in everyday life, these values are sometimes expressed openly and concretely, and other times latently and not obviously. In addition to thinking, symbols and values, the eco-culture also manifests itself through behavior, concrete actions, and other routines of daily life. Amongst the conclusions of this thesis is that the environmental movements in Kosovo, aiming at changing the habits related to the environment by means of creating the environmental culture and raising ecological consciousness, must refer to the traditional Albanian eco-culture, since the latter has many common elements with contemporary environmental ethics, such as deep ecology, eco-feminism, ecological spiritualism, dark-green religion, etc
Mensch, Nicolas. "L'art transgressif du graffiti : pratiques et contrôle social." Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA1029/document.
Hip-hop graffiti is a study object which mixes urban, art, youth and right sociologies. Concerning this object, representations diverge, between art and vandalism. The assumption is that, in terms of the criteria used to authenticate the value of a graffiti, transgressive approach of the author is as important as its pictorial qualities. There would be a dialogic relationship between “artistic” practices and “vandal” practices. The first part of this thesis explains how teenagers enter the graffiti movement and its standards. This practice is widespread in various social worlds and it palliates failure of integration mechanisms. Graffiti also expresses a rejection of social assignment. Infringment become a way to conquer a place, on walls as in society. Deviance is always risky, graffitists are labeled as being. The second part of this work focuses on the relationship between graffiti and the “feeling of insecurity”. To solve problems, three verbs describe the ordinary repression of graffiti and its actors: punish, discredit and erase. These devices tend to reinforce graffitists in their commitments. The third part shows the links between the worlds of art and graffiti, from the inclusion of graffitists in cultural mediation to their professionalization. Independence, experience and transgression keep invoked as authentication of “artistic” value of graffiti
Parlati, Luigia. "Faire le slam : une ethnographie des pratiques poétiques collectives entre Paris et Marseille." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH169.
This research focuses on poetry slam, a practice of poetic performance, born in the late 1980s in the United States and now widespread in several countries, including France. If the public success (in 2006) of artists such as Grand Corps Malade is the most recognizable form of this practice through its media coverage, there is a heterogeneity of "slam forms" that have become the subject of this thesis. Poetry slam is an open platform and it is organized according to different approaches, from competition to "open microphone" and in several kinds of places (bar, stages, libraries, public spaces). Anyone with a text to say (which can be written in advance or not) can therefore do it in front of an audience, without any injunction of style or content. This apparent simplicity of poetry slam actually questions several types of "boundaries" that make sense to some actors in the world of literary creation (written poetry/poetry readings), language education (literary/common language) and artistic creation (excellence/triviality). But the slammers I’ve met in my fieldwork between Paris and Marseille (as well as abroad), participate of another common world, where verbal, vocal and performative experimentation cohabit with the desire to freely share their words or being engaged in an artistic endeavor. Crossing the discourses of the actors with the doxa and literature on the subject, this thesis aims to propose some analysis based on this collective poetic practice, in order to account for its extreme readiness to accommodate any speech act aloud and in public. This research aims to at least elucidate the tensions and issues raised by poetry’s slam freedom to be empowered and be engaged
Heintzen, Jean-François. "Musiques discrètes et société : les pratiques musicales des milieux populaires, à travers le regard de l'autorité, dans les provinces du centre de la France, XVIIIe-XIXe siècles." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20021.
Blili, Leïla. "D’un orchestre vide à une mise en pratique orale des langues étrangères avec le karaoké : de nouvelles utilisations de la chanson populaire dans l’apprentissage dans l’enseignement." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11776.
Boidron, Valérie. "Culture vigneronne : vignerons, pratiques et ampélographie populaire." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30092.
Certain French wine growers develop an original approach towards the grape variety they cultivate. They reconsider their practice with calculated choices where the reference to history and memory are essential. The first part shows how, since the end of the XIXème century, science and technology have little by little invested the wine growing, which until then was empirical and traditional. The result today is a context where the production of wine in France is dominated by a technical and lawful framework, conditioned by the economics and European policies. The wine growers are from now on constrained in their choice of wine varietals. The ethnobiographic investigation shows that there exists next to a conventional wine growing, “wine growers” who practice a popular ampelography which is applied where the indigenous grape variety is an essential identity element, vector of the memory of the group through knowledge, know-how and the taste of the wine that it conveys. Controlling all of the production process, these wine growers reconsider each one of its stages - from the choice and planting of the grape varieties to the marketing of their wines - in reference to the local history and ancestral know-how that they rediscovered and use. In connexion with the soil and its characteristics, these original grape varieties constitute a revalorized inheritance. They make it possible for the wine growers to develop original wines, with their own personality, which testifies the richness of a culture resolutely anchored in its history, and whose commercial success guarantees its durability
Auzias, Jean-Marie. "Textes fondateurs et cultures populaires /." [Lyon] (5 rue Bugeaud, 69006) : J. André, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb391760569.
Mansilla, Juan Camilo. "Résistance culturelle hybride des jeunes des quartiers populaires à l’ère du numérique : étude de cas et analyse quali-quantitative comparée (AQQC-QCA) de Medellin, Paris et Sao Paulo." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA123/document.
Based on a qualitative comparative analysis (QQA), a method developed by (Ragin, 1987), we propose a theoretical model of the emergence of transmission of the cultural resistance practices of the low income youth from popular neighborhoods of Medellín (Colombia), Paris (France) and São Paulo (Brazil). Our results indicate that the cultural resistance practices of this population appears in two different settings. The first one (M[P+A] → R) happens when the moral communities (that is, not necessarily located in the same geographical area) reach a strong cultural identity, feeds on stigmatizing information flows from the central media sphere of the city (SMCV), and have either information resources offered by the set of public policies of popular intervention or widespread and free use of information and communication technologies related to the Internet. The second one (OA → R), occurs when the use of the TICs by this youth wins density following the growing perception that the government is not interested in attending theirs demands and needs. The current context of global exchange of real and virtual information a) modifies the cultural hybrid networks associated with moral communities and b) builds an urban experience of individuals starting with hybrid public spaces. Our theoretical proposition serves a better understanding of the evolution of the symbolosphere of the peripheral moral communities in the cities of the digital age and the nature of the information as developed by Schumann et Logan (2005) et Logan (2012)
A partir de un análisis cualitativo comparado (QCA), método concebido por Ragin (1987), proponemos un modelo teórico sobre la emergencia y la transmisión de las prácticas de resistencia cultural de los jóvenes de barrios populares de Medellín (Colombia), Paris (Francia) et São Paulo (Brasil). Nuestros resultados indican que las prácticas de resistencia cultural híbrida de estos jóvenes se producen en dos escenarios. El primero (M[P+A] → R) aparece cuando las comunidades morales (i.e., no necesariamente ubicadas en la misma zona geográfica) con una fuerte identidad colectiva, se alimentan de flujos de información estigmatizantes procedentes de la esfera mediática central de la ciudad (SMCV), y disponen ya sea de recursos informacionales ofrecidos por la existencia de políticas públicas de intervención popular, o bien de un acceso generalizado y libre a las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación relacionadas con Internet (TICi). El segundo (OA → R) emerge cuando el uso de las TICi por parte de estos jóvenes aumenta y tienen la percepción de que el gobierno no se interesa en ellos, ni en sus demandas ni en sus necesidades. El contexto global actual de intercambio presencial y virtual de información a) modifica las redes culturales híbridas asociadas a las comunidades morales, y; b) construye la experiencia urbana de los individuos a partir de espacios públicos híbridos. Nuestra propuesta teórica sirve, de manera general, para entender la evolución de la “simbolosfera” de las comunidades morales periféricas urbanas en la era digital, así como la naturaleza de la información propuesta por Schumann et Logan (2005) et Logan (2012)
Com base em uma análise qualitativa comparativa ou “Qualitative Comparative Analysis” (QCA), método desenvolvido por (Ragin, 1987), propomos um modelo teórico da emergência e da transmissão de práticas de resistência cultural entre jovens de baixa renda em territórios populares de Medellín (Colômbia), Paris (França) e São Paulo (Brasil). Nossos resultados indicam que as práticas de resistência cultural híbrida desses jovens seguem dois roteiros. O primeiro (M[P+A] → R), quando as comunidades morais (ou seja, não necessariamente localizados na mesma área geográfica) alcançam forte identidade coletiva, alimenta-se de fluxos de informação estigmatizantes oriundos da esfera de mídia central da cidade (SMCV) e dispõem seja de recursos de informação oferecidos pelo conjunto de políticas públicas de intervenção popular, seja de um aceso generalizado e livre as tecnologias de informação e comunicação relacionadas à Internet (TICi). O segundo (OA → R), quando o uso das TICs por esses jovens ganha densidade na medida em que amadurecem a percepção de que o governo não está interessado em atender suas demandas e necessidades. O atual contexto global de troca presencial e virtual de informações a) modifica as redes culturais híbridas associadas a comunidades morais e b) constrói a experiência urbana de indivíduos a partir de espaços públicos híbridos. Nossa proposta teórica serve, mais amplamente, para entender a evolução da “simbolosfera” das comunidades morais periféricas das cidades na era digital e a natureza da informação tal como desenvolvida por Schumann e Logan (2005) e Logan (2012)
Cayzac, Julie. "Le portique occidental du temple de Philae : un espace théologique et cultuel." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30100.
This work is a comprehensive study of the western portico of Philae temple, taking into account its architectural features, its theology and its function as a place of worship. The first part gives an overview of the topographical, architectural and historical contexts and presents the function of the monument. The second part details its architectural peculiarities, the misconceptions, the singularity of its windows and the diversity of its capitals. Chronology of the decoration is then established, extending from the reign of Augustus till the reign of Nero or maybe after. The third part is devoted to the transliteration, translation and commentary of the texts. Various miswritings and uncomprehensions of the texts are exposed. The synthesis takes into account the « grammaire du temple » and theological commentary of the texts. The last part is devoted to the portico considered as a place of worship and the marks left by the men who worked and passed by there : demotic and greek inscriptions, carved images, gold covering and small cavities. This documentation gives informative insights on the works of the portico, the official cult and the more « popular » practices which occured in the forecourt of the temple of Isis. A volume of 158 plates is added, containing the copy of all the texts of the portico, which are mainly unpublished
Bazin, Maëlle. "Dessiner la liberté d'expression face au terrorisme : sémiotique et sociologie des pratiques graphiques en hommage aux victimes des attentats de « Charlie Hebdo » (France, janvier 2015)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ASSA0078.
Combining contributions from the semiotics of images, the anthropology of the written word and media studies, this research focuses on a corpus of several hundred drawings produced in response to the Islamist terrorist attacks of January 2015 in the Île-de-France region. It establishes the extent to which the drawing, as an auxiliary and subject of discourse of popular mobilisations, constitutes a vector of cohesion between French people. The first part of the thesis shows how the attacks of January 2015 constitute a pivotal moment in remembrance practices in France and explains the connections and originality of this doctoral research. Following on from work on the sociology of the attacks, this thesis focuses primarily on the visual dimension of the messages, an aspect that has been little explored until now. The second part examines the media treatment of the attacks, looking at how the framing of an attack on freedom of expression affects the ways in which the French press and television engage the public. The third part analyses a large amount of empirical material from a number of French public and private archives. It takes account of the plurality of graphic practices and forms of politicization in three specific communication devices: ephemeral memorials in three provincial towns, walls in the capital and letters sent to the editorial staff of Charlie Hebdo
Pagès, Magali. "Les pratiques culturelles régionales catalanes et le phénomène de résistance culturelle." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05H008.
The object of this work is to study cultural practices at the regional level, and to address relevant questions, such as: does regional culture, in the XXIst century, appear as a form of folklore? Do regional traditions only have a back-looking dimension? Or, in present-day reality, don't they reveal another social function? In order to provide answers for these different issues, we shall study the Catalan traditions still preserved in one of the micro-regions within the Pyrenees-Orientales: the Vallespir. Why do the Vallespirian actors experience the need to repeat, year after year, the same gestures as their ancestors, and pass on to each new generation the collection of Catalan popular songs? We'll make an attempt to demonstrate how festive traditions and popular songs as a whole imply values of an "anthropo-poi'etic" nature, allowing the Vallespirians to open up their own social reality, in which they evolve and project their vision of the world, hi addition, in such a role the actors dismiss the idea according to which they should be regarded as Catalan militants. On the other hand, through both the conservation of traditional festivities and the transmission, from one generation to the next, of popular local songs, the Vallespirian population generates a phenomenon of cultural resistance
Hamami, Ali. "Jinn : croyances et pratiques traditionnelles en Tunisie." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010537.
Popular traditions present the jinn as a society of (evel) spirits wich resembles in every way an Arab tribal one. When they apprehend a danger or an agression, the Jinn defend themselves by inflincting upon the human enemy diseares and suffering. To cure such illesses, humans resort to two types of therapy : fagurique (faith-healing) where a faith healer controls the cultural situation. - musical and corporeal, and this therapy is largely inspired by the skilful practices of the Soufi masters. And just as possession (by the evel spirit) comes from the belief that we are actually possessed, so inversly, it disappears as the exorciste makes belief that it will disappear. So, we can considere the Tunisian traditionnal cure as an effective cure
Auzias, Jean-Marie. "Textes fondateurs et cultures populaires : jalons pour une anthropologie littéraire." Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/auzias_jm.
This is an attempt for reading texts which can be acknowledged as actually literary ones. These texts generally can be got in a French translation or English. This kind of reading is supposed to be somewhat like a dialogue between the book and the reader: quotations but no extracts. We have called in such notions as social group image, culture-anthropologically meant - we often tried to follow what can be called the geological cultural map, the historical and social layers, the syncretisms. We've tried to spot some markers such as the intervention of a trickster, or animism. The undergroup trip, the chtonian and the uranian mythologies. We have stressed on some significant traits of mental universe, cultural chasm, linguistic reformations, etc. The main hypothesis after a ten years work (not including, voyages, learnings, readings from before) consists both of the survival almost everywhere of animism and of the wonderful chance played, in spite of the risks of ethnocide, by the cultural openings due to metis-making and acculturation
Auzias, Jean-Marie Laplantine François. "Textes fondateurs et cultures populaires jalons pour une anthropologie littéraire /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2002/auzias_jm.
Huard, Geoffroy. "Histoire de l'homosexualité en France et en Espagne : discours, subcultures et pratiques : 1945-1975." Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0019.
This dissertation tries to reconstruct the geography, cultures and policies about homosexuals in France and Spain between 1945 and 1975. Through arquives of Brigade Mondaine of Paris and of Courts of Vagos y maleantes, and Peligrosidad y rehabilitación social of Barcelona essentially, this work examines the myth of "liberation" since 1970's. Thus I demostrate that France defended a sexual moral view stricter than Spain and that explains partially the delay in France to grant equal rights
Voisin, Agathe. "Ethnicité et cultures juvéniles dans les quartiers populaires : une comparaison France-Angleterre." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IEPP0022.
This thesis analyses the impact of national models (British multiculuralism vs French model of integration) on ethnic salience in youth cultures of working class and immigrant neighbourhoods. It is based on an ethnographic research study carried out between 2007 and 2012, through individual interviews, focus groups and observations among teenagers and young adults in the city of Bondy in Seine-Saint-Denis and the London Borough of Newham, in East London. It shows how both the specifics of national models and of local contexts produce a social, local and fragmented ethnic salience in Newham, and a political and collective one in Bondy. In Bondy, ethnicity overlaps other dimensions of social inequality. The common experience of belonging to a minority results in young people identifying with a close and multidimensional "us" ("blacks and arabs", "youth from the suburbs", "poor people") as opposed to a distant "them" ("institutions", "politicians", "French people"). The central experience of ethnic discriminations tends to saturate young people's relationship to institutions and the way they relate to French society. In Newham, Black, White and Asian young people socialise in their respective groups and meeting places. However, they perceive ethnic divisions as separate to other dimensions of social inequality. Ethnicity is not often politicised or the subject of conflict with local authorities, as it is considered just a part of a larger experience of social injustice. Instead, social class issues are at the core of conflicts between the people interviewed and the wider British society
Baeza, R. Manuel Antonio. "Les mentalités, les croyances religieuses, les pratiques sociales : sociologie de la culture populaire urbaine Valparaiso-Chili (1973-1988)." Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030138.
To believe is not an isolated mental phenomenon concerning, in the case of religious beliefs, only that innermost universe which is the spirituality of one person alone. Under consideration is a singular acitvity involving more or less directly individuals and groups in the global set-up of consciousness and, therefore, inspiring actions in society. Thus numerous beliefs may become responsible for suggesting axes for social endeavours in various degrees and, above all, with the greatest variety of meaning. In this respect, two key-concepts are resorted to : inner-worldliness and outer-worldliness. It is in this sense that religious beliefs, considered as mind-set features, interest sociology, starting from a revision of the concept of consciousness in which are indiscriminately integrated, values, cognitive experiences, feelings, processes of reason proper. In the geographical context of latin america, this research approaches the popular urban religious culture in chile during the period 1973-1988 (under military rule). Sevral cultural models are empirically tested in two neighhourhoods of valparaiso (cerro cordillera and cerro alegre). It appears that one of the models, termed critical, is more favourable to democracy
Ferté, Anne-Laure. "Procréation, naissance et petite enfance : représentation et pratiques populaires dans la famille noire guadeloupéenne." Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05H095.
During the course of my clinical practice as a psychologist in the area of early childhood, I was able to observe a set of behaviors among very young French West Indian children and their parents, that we felt to be culturally determined. The correct appreciation of these behaviors by mainland professionals required that very in-depth fieldwork be undertaken beforehand, regarding the underlying cultural representations of the infant, as well as associated childcare practices. Such a study allowed a completely coherent and novel system of representations of the infant and his/her needs to emerge - and, beyond this : of the person - despite the very recent history of the culture in question. The confrontation of the collected data with psychoanalytic conceptions of early development, such as those proposed by Freud, Winnicott, or Anzieu allowed us to establish parallels among them. The concepts of Self, of holding, and of handling (D. W. Winnicott), of "Moi-peau" and of "attachment-drive" (D. Anzieu), in particular, proved very useful in accounting for Ithe collected material
Siblot, Yasmine. "Paperasse, guichets et modernisation de l'accueil : les rapports pratiques entre classes populaires et administrations." Paris, EHESS, 2003. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://www.cairn.info/faire-valoir-ses-droits-au-quotidien--9782724609867.htm.
This dissertation analyses the relations between the inhabitants of a suburban city close to Paris and local public administrations. It aims to understand both the ambivalent relations between popular classes and public institutions, and the effects of the transformations of the public services. The research is based on a field work in a working class area composed of public housing and small houses, in the post office, the social center, and the town hall. The first part examines the practices of the inhabitants. It shows that the relations with administrations are relations of domination but alos relations of integration, and that dwellers have recourse to public services as a claim for rights and not for charity. These integrative processes are especially developped in the three local public services i studied, as the second part shows it. The relations with street level bureaucrats working at the front office and inhabitants are ambivalent : these employees have an authority but are subordinate, and their position is indefinite between the middle and the working class. Their attitudes towards inhabitants vary between distance end familiarity, through day-to-day encounters. The last part underlines how the policies of "modernization" in public services undermines this familiarity. These policies are based on managerial objectives and aim to redefine the relations to working class. They lead to a new conception of the employees' work that is far from their actual practices, and may reinforce the stigmatisation of the inhabitants of working class areas in administrations
Hebert, Thibaut. "Représentations et mise en jeu corporelle de l’agressivité au cours de la pratique du football amateur, professionnel et scolaire, en France et en Angleterre." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05L001.
With a view to observing how and why it could happen that a globalized, codified, institutional sport like football could be played, represented and taught differently in France and England, we proceeded in both countries firstly by analysing the representations of aggressivenesss, using direct and indirect questionnaires addressed to different groups of respondents (French, English, players, non-players etc) and secondly by observing videos of the use of corporal aggressiveness in professionnal, amateur and school matches. This study reveals the distinctions between the French and English both in terms of the representation of aggressiveness and in terms of the use of aggressiveness on the pitch. The former, for whom the term aggressiveness has negative connotations use less motor agressiveness on the pitch, create a social distance with the opponent and participate in cultivating a "hampering" culture. The latter value motor aggressiveness and use it in matches by invading their opponents' space, thus favouring motor contact aggressiveness. However, in professional football, it can be seen that the use of corporal motor aggressiveness is becoming generalized in certain teams. Finally, if motor aggressiveness is neglected in representations in educational spheres, the transformation of football into a "reduced sporting game" will favour the use of aggressiveness (both licit and illicit) and attenuate the cultural differences between the two countries
Schütz, Marine. "Entre les lignes : dessin, illustration et pratiques graphiques dans le Pop art (1950-1975)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3104.
By 1962 with the beginning of Pop art, the iconography of illustration and advertising points the development of an art founded on graphics. Interestingly, the relations between Pop art and drawing allow to follow how the handmade practices reassess the artists’ positions towards mass culture and deal with material issues (such as manual involvement) and the meaning of iconography (counter-culture, return of the figure). Starting from the point that artistic pop economy of art owes its back and forth mouvement between manual and mechanical options to its protagonists’ artistic education, this dissertation opens with the study of drawing’s emergence in a pedagogical context. The study of the relations between drawing and mass culture wouldn’t be fully led without assessing the answer of the artists who involve in the claim for a bigger audience (with a class strategy, an iconography full of mass products and the possibilities of prints). Moreover, not only the graphic works stem from the hand, but pop drawing overwhelms the solely issue of creation processes to exist in an autonomous corpus of works, which doesn’t fall into the finalist schema. This presence points how critical may be the body, through drawing, as an image and as an action. Similary to Claes Oldenburg and David Hockney who oppose a manual tension to the social mechanized expressions – and there lay the double sense of the very notion of involvement which is to be understood in Pop art in the same time on a physical and a political level – the reinvolvement of the body by way of portrait or nude shows its solidarity with the fights in the wake of the sixties, fight for sexual liberation, or women rights
Le, Thomas Claire. "Racines populaires d’un art savant : innovations cubistes et pratiques ordinaires de création (1907-1914)." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100087.
This dissertation tries to understand the innovative techniques and materials used by cubists and the conditions in which they appeared. Traditional analyses have not paid enough attention to the context in which the cubists innovations occurred whereas their very nature – the introduction of inartistic materials and processes – and the unprecedented break they constituted in method, calls into question the part played by contextual factors. Through an historic and ethnographic enquiry into the Montmartrian avant-garde, this study begins by describing the environment in which G. Braque, P. Picasso, J. Gris and H. Laurens lived in order to reveal what in the milieu made possible for these Cubists to create papiers collés and constructions. Thus, the previously common practice of manually making objects with everyday or second-hand items is most likely the technical source of these innovations. Subsequently, in order to estimate the way these domestic practices of fabrication prepared the way for the introduction of heteroclite materials and techniques, this study provides a comparative analysis of ordinary handicraft activities and Cubists’ practices. For the former, it examines the artisanal handbooks and manuels of the period. For the latter, it examines the works of art as well as the commentaries left behind by the artists. The aim is to point out the interactions between the historical context, the sociological environment, prevalent ideologies, the technical background of the artists and artistic expression in order to highlight how the cubist’s innovations were a product of the social history of this period
Auray, Christophe. "La météorologie : savoir et pratiques populaires en Bretagne au moment de la naissance d'une science." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT3028.
Guibert, J. "A la recherche du temps libre." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nantes, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00434253.
Thiburce, Julien. "Le dialogisme urbain : de l’usage tacite des espaces publics aux formes d’appropriation narrative et affective de la ville." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2113/document.
This research study aims to show the transition from the ordinary use of public spaces to the enunciation of a city narrative in which the social actors are committed in the shared project of an urbanity in the making. Beyond a pure aesthetic preoccupation, the urban dialogism responds to the centrality of the city as a privileged space for the elaboration of social issues. By focusing on the appropriation of urban space during guided urban walks, we will see how they constitute a catalyst for deconditioning participants in their relationship to the city. This research project thus follows three investigation perspectives.First, there is the transition from the pure heterogeneity of urban styles – from a building classified as institutional heritage to the anomie of a vacant lot - to the dialogical interplay between aesthetics in competition. We will be able to understand the interaction of languages, the cohabitation of institutional forms and more individualized and temporary statements, expressed by an ever-changing citizenship picture.Then, it is a question of observing the transformation of the functional itineraries to the displacements according to elective courses going through characteristic elements, allowing an ever-renewed affective grip on the city.Finally, this study constitutes an analysis that is not limited to a taxonomy of practices. Rather, it seeks to account for the management of meaning in interaction - a form of interaction where the appropriation of the city and its objects is not only intimate, but observable because explicit, socialized, and attested by experience
Combres, Christine. "Cultures de microalgues sur lisier de porc : aspects physiologiques, ecologiques et pratiques." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MNHN0024.
Ngandu, Kamunga Jean-François. "Croyances et pratiques magico-religieuses des baluba-kasai en France : essai anthropologique." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H069.
This is an attempt to understand the change in the magic and religious beliefs and practices among the baluba-kasais living in France. This study will show that the balubas easily adhere to the magic and religious beliefs and practices which mainly characterize a traditional society, when they live in a foreign modern industrial one. These beliefs and practices hinge on a supreme being, mvidimukulu mulopo maweja nangila, creator of the universe, the influence of the soul of the ancestors (bakishi), witchcraft (mupongo), the practice of manga, and divination. The luba religion thus stands as an explanation of life and the experience of the human condition, allowing the balubas to increase their standing, to become integrated, to bear their condition and to control their fears. It is first and foremost a religion for the family and the individual, which cohabits peacefully with other forms of religions, and lingers as the foundation of any other eventual conversion. Numerous balubas take part in different groups practicing charismatic prayers. These groups stand as places of refuge and defence against stress inducing situations of social and psychological marginalization. Despite the development of a scientific and rational thinking, the interest showed in magic and religious beliefs and practices remains topical
Pires, Iêda Maria Maia. "Les professeurs d'éducation infantile du système public de la municipalité de Fortaleza (Brésil) et leurs pratiques culturelles." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H067.
This research seeks to analyze key issues concerning the cultural practices developed by public schools Child Education teachers in Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. To fulfill this objective, it was investigated the everyday life of those professionals and the limiting factors of their lives in school and outside it, as well as, the major constraints to developing teaching practices based on local culture. The basic assumption of this research asserts that, given the limitations of the child education teacher's profile, the physical and material working conditions, low wages and precarious professional and continuing training, lead to an accommodation process that perpetuates cultural practices which reproduce the existing inequalities. At heart, this reality is conditioned by the structural and institutional poverty context in which teachers, students and their school are inserted
Makany, Likinzou André Séraphin. "Innovations et pratiques sociétales : cas du manioc au Congo." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON10064.
Fontaine, Marion. "Les « Gueules Noires » et leur club : sport, sociabilités et politique à « Lens les Mines » (1934-1956)." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0145.
We try to understand how the links between a sport club The Racing Club de Lens, a town, Lens, and a social group, the coal miners, were forged, The following analysis includes twenty-two years of the history of RCL, from its professionalization to its 50"‘ anniversary. We explain how the club become the place of a peculiar consensus and how it can corne to symbolise the community of the coal miners, The period is characterised by the increasing involvement in football by the mining community and by the great crisis of this community, The present work aims therefore at understanding the RCL in the broader context of the sports associations and the institutions which shape Lens : mining company, local authorities and trade unions. The evolutions of the sports associations allows a new reading of the mining world, namely that of the political aspects of this world. The sporting gaine can help us understand how a working-class community has successively been shaped and reshaped
Vitrac, Eric. "Bals populaires ruraux et dynamiques socio-spatiales : recherches sur les pratiques territoriales de danseurs gersois, haut-viennois et tarnais." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20008.
In our countries, the dances still are a social must. In competition with different musical styles and discomobiles, they are evoluating like never before, announcing and ratifying the transformation of the relations to the country. Therefore this social and territorial movement is opening up to other social spaces and territorial referencies and to their geographical dispersal, the dancers still continue to mobilize the same dancing-areas. It is because their private relationships couldn't exist, be reproduced and blossom out anywhere : the choice of a location for a danse gathering couldn't arbitrary. According to this paradox, this research analysis the dancing areas into their mediating territorial fonction. As an original relationship to space and alterity, this transitional territoriality isn't found on the classical opposition (inside/outside, here/there, interior/exterior) but raises again a complementary between the private and the ± secrecy α. When the privacy caracterise the social and spatial proximitu scales, defining a matrix territoriality, the ± secrecy α results of the historical extension of the life's spaces. Regarding to our study territories, the transitional territoriality doesn't generate the same entities. In the Western part of Gers and in Haute-Vienne, the dancers assert a capacity to reinforce a certain matrix territoriality. In the Eastern part of Gers and in the Tarn, the social and spatial dancers' references seems to be more homogeneous and coordinated. As a last resort, the transitional territoriality brings to light some explaination's elements about a largeous movement of recomposition of the rural territories
Martel, Jean-François. "Les pratiques funéraires en usage dans les milieux populaires ruraux et urbains de la Mauricie entre 1945 et 1998 /." Thèse, Trois-Rivières, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2228302R.html.
Martel, Jean-François. "Les pratiques funéraires en usage dans les milieux populaires ruraux et urbains de la Mauricie entre 1945 et 1998." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2792/1/000680582.pdf.
Parizet, Marie-Josèphe. "Au delà de la société locale : cultures populaires en mutation et mutations dans les rapports interculturels : cultures maghrébines et africaines en France, culture populaire dans le Haut Berry." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H059.
Parizet, Marie Josèphe. "Au delà de la société locale cultures populaires en mutation et mutations dans les rapports interculturels, cultures maghrébines et africaines en France, culture populaire dans le Haut Berry." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37595098t.
Rémond, François. "Le personnage de farce et son interprète : Pratiques des farceurs professionnels parisiens (1610-1686)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030041.
Whereas the theatrical genre of medieval farce has been an area explored since a long time, the study of its successors in the 17th century is at its very beginning. In particular, a comprehensive conceptual system that could account for the specific features of the modern form of a marginal genre based on popular cultural traditions has yet to be developed, despite a great numbers of polymediatic records of this theatrical practice, in visual or written form. This work propose a structural codification of the genre, based on a coherent and consistent documentary base, in order to account for the specifics in the construction of its dramaturgy as well as of the practicalities of its practice. To this end, we will conduct a thorough analysis of the structural components of this theatrical form with the help of the methodological tools used in anthropological studies of popular media in order to establish a typology based on the functional relations of the stock characters (or “Masks”) created by the actors specialized in this particular theatrical genre. The typological division into seven character types will be exemplified through the creation of a detailed inventory of the performers in “Masks” on the Parisian stage, from the emergence of farces players in theatre troupes in the 1610s to the end of this theatre form in the official theatres in the 1680s. This systematic approach linking the farce players to a specific dramaturgic functionality will allow reconstructing a chronology of this practice in the different Parisian troupes. This will give the opportunity to replace the activity of the farce performers in the global evolution of the theatrical practices during the century, in order to the show the influence of the farce on the contemporary regular theatre forms
Macaire, Élise. "L’architecture à l'épreuve de nouvelles pratiques : recompositions professionnelles et démocratisation culturelle." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1179.
Since the early 1990s, architects' collectives have placed emphasis on alternative approaches to the traditional process used to develop architectural or urban projects. These collectives privilege small scale interventions that permit a greater involvement of local residents in the project through actions requiring few means. Simultaneously close to “activist” artists and community education practices, these architects propose methods that ally the teaching of creativity and democratic participation. As a result, the activism and joint production with the public seems to outline the contours of action models that, although marginal, are contributing to changing traditional values within the field of architecture. A new socialisation of the activity carried out by architects seems to be taking shape through these forms of professional commitment. The thesis is organised into three parts. The first presents an assessment of the socialisation of architecture through two particular aspects: the social history of the profession and the movement towards the democratisation of architecture. The second chapter aims to clarify the forms of professionalism developed by the collectives through a description of the associative operational methods and the various fields of action (social and artistic interventions or educative and participative actions). Finally, the third part explores the methods through which architects and artists develop new skills by expanding their specific fields of reference
Frini, Sana. "Pratiques urbaines dans les quartiers populaires de la ville coloniale de Tunis entre héritage, conséqueneces et nouveaux défis." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura de Lisboa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5687.
Wilkis, Ariel. "Capital moral et pratiques économiques dans la vie sociale des classes populaires de la banlieue de Buenos Aires." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0015.
The sociological literature on working class' s neighbourhoods, distinguish them as places of collective action, political sociability, local solidarity, social identity, but rarely are mentioned or analysed monetary practices. The main objective of this thesis is to understand the social uses of the judgments and evaluations in relation to monetary circulations between and to the poor. The stages of field work (develops between 2006 y 2010) have been developed in the poor districts of the municipality of La Matanza, located in the western suburbs of Buenos Aires. Our hypothesis is : the circulation of currency values is a unit of observation of the moral values of the poor (and its relations with other classes). Each chapter presents itself as a singular exploration to demonstrate this hypothesis
Moulon, Dominique. "L'art au-delà du numérique : Pratiques et cultures numériques plurielles d’un art contemporain singulier." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H303.
Digital technologies have insinuated themselves into ail spheres, public, private and professional of our societies and have also shaped them. Historically, artists have always made use of the techniques and technologies of their time to show them off. For each innovation that has been appropriated, there are corresponding works, but it takes time for the art world to incorporate new practices such as new media. The most fervent defenders of digital art are impatient and so have structured communities by organizing dedicated international events. Their practices are now reaching maturity and the public is culturally ready to receive their creations, as they already do in festivals. We note, at the same lime, the first signs of acceptance of digital technology in art through institutions such as the art market, whose dominant position is known. The purpose of my research is to study the works of current practices without focusing on the part of them that is digital ; to analyse them in the context of their exhibition by assembling them together so they may create a dialogue. My goal is to demonstrate that digital technologies are simply a medium of contemporary art, whose particularities should nevertheless be considered
Ould, Ahmed Salem Zekeria. "Retour sur le politique par le bas : de quelques modes populaires d'énonciation du politique en Mauritanie." Lyon 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO20030.
By putting the emphasis on statement and mediation within the question of popular a modes of political action, one way discover a way of analysis taking account of effective experiences, discursive and or symbolic politically efficient and various agents with worring social positions. So one is led to analyze some political activities which have been left due to an exclusive concern for surface movements, institutional dynamics or political apparatures. Mauritania the empirical field of this question of low politics is studied through three news aspects : first an islamic preacher Mohamed Ould Sidi Yahya, his practice profile, language and world ; secondly political subversion by women's popular lullabies in tense political situations and last columns written since 1988 in several newspapers by a popular journalist Habib Ould Mahfoudh. In these three studies the emphasis is put on the fact that these various ways of behaving are popular modes of political statement and on the context of their birth and the diversity of their authors. Altogether we way discover connections to politics and power wich allow us to revisit an look on politics and especially an Mauritania
Julliard, André. "Gestes et paroles populaires du malheur : pratiques médicales magiques et sorcellerie dans les sociétés rurales contemporaines de la Bresse et du Bugey (Ain)." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H022.
Ethnographic study (1974-1984) of peasants, merchants, craftsmen, workers, etc. , owners and practitioners of secret and religious, magico-medical prayers ("gifts") which remove common ills such as warts, psoriasis, toothache, stomach ache, worms, burns, body aches, etc. . These "curers" or "removers of suffering and or evil" live and work in Bress (region of wooded plains, varied habitats, mixed agriculture-stock raising) and in Bugey (region of limestone plateaus in the southern Jura mountains, hamlet habitat, mixed agriculture-viticulture): two regions united in the actual French department of Ain. This study articulates around three principal themes : 1) a reflection upon the ethnographic process. Description of the alteration process which characterizes long term observation and dialogue between ethnologist and "informants". Definition of the coherence and homogeneity of the successive positions the ethnologist understood, interpreted and more less assumed in order to maintain the field-work relation. It was necessary to make these positions intelligible, not only to account for the data gathered and used, but also to inform the dialogue with other field sites. 2) An elaborate reflection, less about folk medical practice (medical anthropology), than about the possession and daily use of the "gift" (social anthropology), to cure within a village group. To this end, i propose and discuss several relationships: magical and empirical "gifts" (among "ramouteurs" manipulators of bone, joint and muscle), "gifts" and the transmission of knowledge, "gifts" and folk religion, "gifts" and popular perception of the human body, "gifts" and sorcery. 3) a reflection, finally, on the representations of sickness, of evil and of unhappiness. I have attempted to define how symbolic knowledge, contained in secret prayers, is rooted in the concrete, daily life of the local group whose members are both patients and practitioners. Immediate consequence: the analysis demonstrates that therapeutic performance and its result (both scientific and folk) repose less on perceptions of imbalance within or relevant to the biological body than they do on the possible imbalance within the social body caused by the forces of evil
Julliard, André. "Gestes et paroles populaires du malheur pratiques médicales magiques et sorcellerie dans les sociétés rurales contemporaines de la Bresse et du Bugey (Ain)." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37599301d.
Reckinger, Rachel. "Les pratiques discursives œnophiles entre normativité et appropriation : contribution à une sociologie des cultures alimentaires." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0169.
Set in the context of an ever-increasing culturalisation of wine, this micro-sociological approach to contemporary œnophilic discursive practices in Luxembourg focuses on both inherent normativity and ordinary appropriation. The historical evolution is viewed through its rationalisation, leading to a governmentality of consumption. Its institutionalisation, in the form of evening-classes, conveys an epistemic type of normativity. The public which frequents this institution has forms of motivations which correspond to an interiorisation of experiences. The normativity is appropriated according to tactical usages. On the domestic level, the œnophiles' logics of action are stratégie and focused onto their personal and social life. Nonetheless, it is the aesthetic-based œnophilic canonisation that contains essential prerequisites of their sense of subjectivation. This shows the flexible interweaving of norms and pleasure, which lead to a personal and social empowerment
Delgado, Guante Denise. "Cultures d'enseignement et cultures d'apprentissage : Regars croisés sur les pratiques didactiques dans les classes de français et d'espagnol langues seconde et de scolarisation en Guyane et en République dominicaine." Antilles-Guyane, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AGUY0319.
Today, teaching-learning language practices analysis is in line with a triple sphere of influence concerning issues encountered first in ergonomics ofdidactic practices, second, in a reflection on the eclecticism of second language teaching practices and, finally, in an ethnological approach ofdidactic behaviours. Concerning the third aspect, the research on teaching-learning activities in the classroom aims to consider the speaker in a wider dimension. The subject is then considered as a competent social actor. For that reason, this orientation allows to approach the pedagogical behaviour from a double perspective: upstream, if linguistic, didactic and educational experiences ofthe subject are considered as an ensemble portraying teaching and learning cultures (CECA); downstream, if it aims at an adaptation ofpedagogical behaviour to suit teaching-learning frameworks or learner needs as a social actor. These teaching-learning relationships are described a priori as an interactive framework for didactic practices. At first, didactic research on teaching-learning activities in the classroom focused on issues relating to communicative situation and its components adapted to classroom situations. Now, with a new epistemological orientation promoted by the extension ofthe subject ofdidactic research including, in concrete terms, culture issues besides language issues or linguaculture, it is the opposite which leads up to the didactic analysis. Communicative situation is from now on considered as a component in the framework ofthe didactic situation, itself characterized by socio-cultural and institutional environments. In these conditions, if a perspective ofthe subject as a "learner" is replaced by a perspective ofhim as a "social actor", a new approach ofteaching-learning language and culture practices is needed. The case ofsecond language teaching and the experience ofnon-native speaker immigrant pupils with a foreign teaching language offer the opportunity to study the interaction between different languages, cultures (knowledge) and CECA (behaviour) through field work, throughout which was observed the way of cobeing and co-acting in Guyanese and Dominican multilingual classes. This topic was developed in order to understand, on the one hand, how dissimilar educational, didactic and political patterns encourage enculturation ofnon-native speaker pupils in accordance with specific cultural strategies and, on the other hand, how teacher and pupil work out strategies in order to manage cobeing and co-acting, through the example ofvocabulary and meaning teaching, when dissimilar linguistic norms and pedagogical-didactic norms (standards ofbehaviour) get in contact in multilingual and multicultural classes
Iglesias, Daniel. "Réseaux transnationaux et dynamiques contestataires en exil : sociologie historique des pratiques politiques des dirigeants des partis populaires apristes (1920-1962)." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070002.
This PhD essay concerns with the emergence and then the evolution of an anti-imperalistic, nationalist and democratic transnational network. The scientifïc interest and the originality of this historical sociology research lie in the uniqueness of this local and global collective action. This work tries to explain this network's way of functioning, distribution and organization, as well as the relational ties of this transnational experience ideologically close to the Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana (APRA). In the scope of a theoretical reflection about the nature of the transnational political phenomena, this thesis also claims to be an application of the tools of the social networks analysis on a double scale collective actions (local and global). Furthermore, this essay proposes a reconsideration of methodologies and classical readings on the popular Aprista parties. In this sense, we inted to demonstrate that the embeddeness of political partisan elites close to this trend in networks allowed the creation of an original political and organizational culture between 1924 and 1960. For this, and after examining the implications and the types of interpersonal ties in this network, and especially the influence of this circulation on the political game of the Partido Aprista Peruano and venezuelan Action Democratica, we propose a modelization of action-set as an interpersonal field where networks and the interaction between the different actors turn out to be central