Дисертації з теми "Pratique journalistique"
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Laville, Camille. "Les transformations de la pratique journalistique : le cas des correspondants étrangers de l'agence France Presse de 1945 à 2005." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24211/24211.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLaville, Camille. "Les transformations de la pratique journalistique : le cas des correspondants étrangers de l'Agence France Presse de 1945 à 2005." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA083676.
Повний текст джерелаThe media environment, the news industry and the journalistic practice underwent a change of configuration between 1945 and 2005. The configuration formed by the world media environment and the play of its participants changed from a political to a commercial regulation, which involved transformations of the journalistic text: widened range of topics, fragmented texts and enhanced analyses. The participants maintain interdependent relationships, and journalistic practices are characterized by a strong reflexivity. A journalist faces such challenges as permanent conquest of customers, distinction and overtaking of his competitors, diversity in the treatment of the events, and perpetual pursuit of the approval of his hierarchy. The very idea of information changed, going from public service to commodity. While former journalists exercised authority toward their public, the present generation has adopted a more individualistic behavior
Sadeghi, Mehrdad. "Le journalisme citoyen à l'ère numérique : enjeux de la pratique journalistique de non-professionnels en ligne : étude de cas : les médias citoyens en persan." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30065.
Повний текст джерелаThis academic research focuses on the emergence of contemporary practices in the treatment of online news recently brought within the reach of non-professionals through the development of information and communication technologies, and grouped under the concept of citizen journalism. Two different but complementary approaches constitute the essential basis of this research study: The first approach is to examine the nature and identity of the profession of journalism, its weight and its limits, and its evolution after the emergence of the Web, as well as the arrival of new media technology and its confrontation with information and communication technologies. It also attempts to understand and analyze the essence, characteristics, dimensions and challenges of the uses of amateur journalism brought to the attention of everyone via digital technology. The second approach consists of a case study of citizen media in Persian. It includes several researches and analyses, such as: The sphere of journalism and the media environment in Iran; the way in which Internet is used and the rate of trust of internet-users vis-à-vis the source of online information from citizens; the manner in which Iranian professional journalism receives citizen journalism and ordinary people’s involvement in the current affairs; the priorities of the creators of citizen media, and their own methods of collecting, processing and publishing online information. This thesis also takes into account the limitations, restrictions and identified issues of this new journalism practice in relation to its practitioners
Sun, Jiangeng. "Un journalisme d’immersion limité et contraint : étude de la pratique des correspondants français en Chine." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1G020.
Повний текст джерелаIn a context of globalisation, cultural exchanges foster and increase a mutual understanding between peoples and cultures, all around the world. Foreign correspondents are key players in the transnational process of cultural mediation. Indeed, their journalistic work helps a national audience to achieve a better understanding of the culture in which these correspondents are immersed, and thereby contributes to cultural understanding between their home country and the host country. Our research focuses on the journalistic practices of French correspondents in China, and highlights the logics of work and the control devices that influence, directly or indirectly, the production of information and, generally speaking, the journalistic practice of foreign correspondents. Based on our field studies and theoretical approaches, our analysis aims at demonstrating that French journalists in China constitute a social microcosm, relatively closed on itself and isolated from the Chinese society. They are often professionals both highly qualified and very experienced. However, they can never really have recourse to the method of "immersion journalism" despite long periods of presence in China. Lots of French journalists cannot directly communicate with the Chinese population, because of their insufficient knowledge of the everyday language. Then their working conditions often face constraints of the Chinese's regulation policy towards foreign journalists. Finally, their limited access to information sources also has a major impact on the process of information production in China
Le, Guellec Maud. "La presse culturelle espagnole du XVIIIe siècle : naissance d’une pratique, évolution d’un genre." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030117.
Повний текст джерелаIn 1737, Juan Martínez Salafranca, Leopoldo Jerónimo Puig and Francisco Javier de la Huertastarted publishing the Diario de los literatos, the first genuine Spanish newspaper. Dedicatedto book reviews, the Diario was also the first cultural newspaper to appear in Spain.Following its example, the number of publications devoted to literature, arts, science andsocial criticism increased throughout the century. It is, therefore, the purpose of this studyto analyse the Spanish cultural press from its first appearance up to the beginning of thePeninsular War in 1808, a conflict which caused a lull in the evolution of the genre.This research aims to determine the originality of this type of press, as a practice and as agenre, compared to other types of writings of the period. From this perspective, it examineshow these newspapers assimilated the events which marked the everyday life of their placeof publication, and studies the dimensions and graphic characteristics of each newspaper’sset of issues. It also explores the enunciative system adopted by this type of press: the voicesthat appear over the pages, their relationship throughout the text and the space given to theexpression of subjectivity. The analysis of the different writing systems of historical articles,book reviews and moral reflexions, implies the study of relationships prevailing betweenthe press and other existing genres. Finally, this research also highlights the aims thatjournalists claim to pursue and the resulting logic of cultural press
Faure, Antoine. "Des(-)ordres journalistiques dans une crise révolutionnaire : chroniques de l'être journalistique chilien durant l'Unité populaire (1970-1973)." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENH041/document.
Повний текст джерелаHow did journalists respond to Salvador Allende’s election? How did the project known as the “Chilean path to socialism” impact on journalists’ work and professional practices? These questions are the background of my PhD dissertation. The dissertation deals with what it meant to be a journalist during this often overly simplified period of three years. What does journalism stand for in Chile between 1970 and 1973? This dissertation departs from standard analyses of the Popular Unity that either centre on its final outcome, the coup on 11 September 1973; or mainly focus on ideology. On the contrary, this dissertation’s analysis highlights both continuity and change in journalists’ professional practices between 1970 and 1973. The dissertation also investigates the norms that underlie these practices in this specific moment of Chilean history. The main argument is thereby the following: journalism is characterized by an ongoing institutionalization which legitimizes professional practices and identities. The dissertation relies on press archives, non-structured interviews and a variety of other data (such as legal archives, academic journals, archives of journalism schools, archives of journalists unions, political speeches, films, music). In addition, the dissertation also uses secondary data, like documentary films and written testimonies
¿Cómo reaccionaron los periodistas a la elección de Salvador Allende? ¿Cómo el proyecto de sociedad comúnmente sintetizado en la “vía chilena hacia el socialismo” influyó en el trabajo periodístico? De ahí parte esa tesis de doctorado. Finalmente, nos interrogamos sobre lo que significó « ser periodista » durante los tres años de una crisis social y política tantas veces cosificada. Dicho de otro modo, ¿de qué periodismo era el nombre en Chile entre 1970 y 1973?Dejando de leer la Unidad Popular desde su resultado traumático, el golpe de Estado del 11 de septiembre de 1973, y desde un enfoque exclusivamente ideológico, aparecen líneas de continuidad (normalidades) y líneas de perspectivas (singularidades) en la práctica del periodismo entre 1970 y 1973, así como se desprende la percepción normalizada que tienen los periodistas de la especificidad del momento histórico. La idea defendida es entonces la siguiente: el periodismoes un discurso que se institucionaliza permanentemente, que legitima sus prácticas y sus identidades en su propia relación histórica al tiempo de la actualidad. Para hacerlo, el propósito articula un trabajo sobre archivos de prensa confrontado a entrevistas no-estructuradas, enriquecido de numerosos documentos de la época (archivos jurídicos, revistas universitarias, archivos de las escuelas de periodismo, archivos del gremio periodístico, discursospolíticos, películas, discos de música) y fuentes de segunda mano (estudios históricos, películas, documentales, testimonios escritos, etc.)
Hernandez, Fuentes Alejandra Maria. "Twitter comme source d’information : redéfinition des pratiques professionnelles des journalistes de la presse quotidienne nationale en France et en Espagne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/DDOC_T_2024_0201_HERNANDEZ_FUENTES.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis doctoral thesis focuses on the use of Twitter as a source of information and its role in redefining the professional practices of journalists working for national dailies printed in France and Spain. Our research reveals that the journalistic uses of Twitter in both national contexts can be classified into 14 different categories, divided into three specific moments of the information production process. Half of these uses are stabilized; these are the uses normalized within the production process. Journalists from both countries approach these uses through very different attitudes, from total acceptance to strong reluctance. The main reservations relate to the low credibility and lack of trust of the platform. Regarding the intercultural dimension, journalists from both countries have developed similar uses, even if they carry out their activity in very different contexts. The survey is based on testimonies from journalists (semi-directed interviews), which shed light on how they perceive their practices. Analyses of articles written by the interviewed professionals are also included, with the aim of better understanding how quotes from Twitter are incorporated into their texts
Bigot, Laurent. "L’essor du fact-checking : de l’émergence d’un genre journalistique au questionnement sur les pratiques professionnelles." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020076/document.
Повний текст джерелаA growing number of newsrooms around the world have established fact-checking headings or rubrics. They are dedicated to assess the veracity of claims, especially by politicians. This practice revisits an older fact-checking practice, born in the United States in the 1920’s and based on an exhaustive and systematic checking of magazines’ contents before publishing. The ‘modern’ version of fact-checking embodies both the willingness of online newsrooms to restore verified contents —despite the structural and economic crisis of the press— and their ability to capitalize on digital tools which enhance access to information. Through some thirty semi-structured interviews with French fact-checkers and the study of a sample of 300 articles and chronicles from seven media, this PhD thesis examines the extent to which fact-checking, as a journalistic genre, certainly valorizes a credible method, but also —and indirectly— reveals shortcomings in professional practices. Finally, it discusses how the promotion of more qualitative content, as well as media literacy, could place fact-checking at the heart of editorial strategies —the latter aiming at retrieving trust from the audience
Béasse, Muriel. "Conditions d'énonciations et stratégies d'écriture des narrations journalistiques du web : les renouvellements d’un contrat de véridicité." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67963.
Повний текст джерелаCette thèse s’intéresse à la compréhension des transformations contemporaines de l’écriture journalistique à l’aune de la mission de vérité traditionnellement associée à cette activité. Ce mandat social idéalisé fait partie de l’imaginaire de la profession et participe à la légitimité de la pratique journalistique. Il trouve une résonance contemporaine, dans un espace public en mutation où les entreprises médiatiques et les journalistes expérimentent de nouvelles façons d’informer. La recherche porte sur des narrations journalistiques multimédias exploitant les spécificités de l’écriture numérique (webdocumentaire, scrollytelling, long format…). Notre hypothèse est que les renouvellements en jeu dans ces dispositifs d’information se négocient dans la dimension coopérative du web. La recherche s’appuie sur l’analyse d’un corpus de cinq récits produits dans les médias d’information français dans la décennie 2009-2019. Elle est complétée par des entretiens avec leurs auteurs et des acteurs de la production. En documentant une pratique émergente du webjournalisme, ce travail rend compte d’expériences d’écriture entre narrativité et numérique qui contribuent à une reformulation du contrat de véridicité du journalisme.
This thesis focuses on seeking to understand the tension between transformations in contemporary journalistic writing and the obligation of truth traditionally associated with this activity. This idealised social mandate speaks to the appeal and to the legitimacy of journalistic practice and has a strong echo in the shifting public spaces where media companies and journalists are experimenting with new ways to inform. The research focuses on multimedia journalistic narratives exploiting the specificities of digital writing (webdocumentary, scrollytelling, long format, etc.). Our hypothesis is that the changes at play in these informative devices are negotiated in the cooperative dimension of the web. The research is based on the analysis of a corpus of five stories produced in the French news media in the decade 2009-2019. It is complemented by interviews with their authors and producers. This work investigates the emergent practice of webjournalism as acts of writing in which narrative and digital modalities contribute to a reformulation of veridicity as a journalistic contract.
Elongo, Lukulunga Vicky. "Pratiques journalistiques en situation de crise: vers une éthique atypique dans la presse au Congo-Zaïre." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210169.
Повний текст джерелаPartant de l’argument selon lequel le journalisme congolais s’exerce dans un environnement de crise – celle-ci étant comprise comme un lieu d’inversion des valeurs et, par conséquent, favorable à la transgression des normes –, notre thèse se structure autour de trois hypothèses. Premièrement, serait-il moralement, mieux éthiquement acceptable, pour les journalistes, de transgresser les règles de leur profession, étant donné qu’ils évoluent dans un environnement de crise ?Dans l’affirmative, au nom de quels principes et de quelle éthique ces pratiques transgressives seraient-elles justifiées ?Deuxièmement, ces pratiques, pour autant qu’elles sont susceptibles d’être légitimées au nom d’une certaine éthique, seraient-elles préjudiciables à la qualité de l’information ?
Pour répondre à ces interrogations, notre démarche vise, d’abord, à circonscrire la crise congolaise ;puis à identifier, grâce à une approche empirique, les pratiques journalistiques ;enfin, à mesurer les retombées de ces pratiques sur l’information livrée au public.
Doctorat en Information et communication
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Watine, Thierry. "Pratiques journalistiques en milieu minoritaire : la selection et la mise en valeur des nouvelles en acadie." Lille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL30003.
Повний текст джерелаBecause of the specific context that exists in the province of new brunswick in canada (one third of french speaking people versus two thirds of english), acadian jouenalists have professional practices (selection and presentation of news) which reveal a minority logic where the defence of the french reality is a priority
Spano, William. "Des marques à la page : Enjeux des pratiques journalistiques à travers l'étude des magazines culturels de marque." Grenoble 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE39036.
Повний текст джерелаThis doctoral research aimed to observe the place of journalistic practises in the magazines from brands distributing cultural products. In the first place, this research focused on the editorial strategies of three cultural brand magazines : Virgin Mégapresse (Virgin), Carrefour savoirs (Carrefour) et Epok (Fnac). The analysis showed that each publication develops a specific relationship with its readers in using redactionnal and advertising spaces. However, magazines propose a coherent discourse founded on brand appraisal and on some technics clamed of writing journalism. In the second place, this research aimed to study discourses and representations of main actors involved in the making of cultural brand magazines : professionnals in charge of brand, of redaction and of advertising. Putting magazines back in their production context, different actors' strategies in their work could be understood and the part played by the professionnals of journalism has been evaluated (journalists, older and freelance redactors. . . ). Thus, the approach of cultural brand magazines by information and communication sciences allows to evaluate the strong constraints brought up in comparison with practice of journalism
Schmitt, Laurie. "Dissonnances d'une presse quotidienne en mutation : enjeux de l'intégration des photographies d'amateurs au sein des pratiques journalistiques." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENL014.
Повний текст джерелаPaes, Paula de Souza. "Communication publique et pratiques journalistiques au prisme des mutations sociales : la question de l’immigration en France (1980-2010)." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENL006/document.
Повний текст джерелаConsidered a priority in 2007 during the presidential campaign in France, the question of immigration has become viewed by the State and the media as increasingly serious or significant. State and media interest shown in this matter has identified social conditions associated with the structures of political and journalistic domains and with the relationship that those involved in these domains have with the social environments concerned in this issue. The research that we have undertaken is supported by the views of political figures and media professionals in the formation of the “immigrant question” as a “problem”. The research thus offers a grasp of the practices, strategies and standards which regulate these domains and their diverse sub-groups. This study focuses in particular on the configurations linking those actors involved in reporting on the topic. It considers the emergence of an “immigrant problem” linked with changes relating to public communication, the development of the local communication and journalistic practices. This study has used news reporting practices and the way in which they have shaped this “problem” as a means to comprehend the functioning of the public sphere, since this depends, along with other factors, on how interactions and exchanges are reported in the media
Bougeois, Elizabeth. "Pratiques journalistiques en télévision régionale : étude empirique de reportages et du discours des journalistes auteurs de ces documents." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20027.
Повний текст джерелаThere has not been a great deal of research on the work of journalists, using a praxeological approach. Regional television possesses numerous specificities. Here, the approach is empirical, through the use of semio-pragmatic analysis applied to television news reports and what the reporters have to say about them. This investigative methodology, characteristic of information and communication sciences, provides a means of studying specific professional practices through a semantic approach to both media products and what the professionals say about them. In this small scale study, the statements of those responsible for the news items studied, provide a partial understanding of the elements that sustain and structure professional practices. These appear to be highly individualised, stable and organised on the basis of the regional television news reporters’ own values and the way they view their mission and their function in society
Lardeau, Matthieu. "Changement institutionnel et managérialisation : transformation de la presse quotidienne nationale française et des pratiques professionnelles journalistiques (1944-2010)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32068.
Повний текст джерелаHard news press faces the early beginnings of a deep institutional change through a managerialization process of newsrooms’ and journalistic practices management. Using the new institutionalism theory we assume to scrutinize this change through studying emerging conflicts between institutional logics – and underlying institutional logics – Inside newsrooms. We particularly notice that the strength of the dominant logic (since 1944 in France) – the editorial logic – that traditionally shapes and governs the newsroom and journalistic practices’ management is eroding; thus sometimes the competitive logic – the business logic –appears dominant or a new hybrid logic – combining elements from editorial and business logics – comes up. We have done extensive ethnographic studies inside newsrooms of three French major national newspapers, La Croix, 20 Minutes, and Le Parisien-Aujourd’hui en France (from 2007 to 2009). As a result we offer a first deep description of the characteristics of journalist-managers and analysis of their daily practices, and we show the major role played by these journalist-managers in the managerialization process. We also identify the three major situations that face the French Press groups regarded to managerialization: some newsrooms are still ruled and shaped by the editorial dominant logic; some that face a shift in the dominant logic – from the editorial to the business one; some that experience the attempt to define a hybrid institutional logic that only appears at a proto-institutionalization stage. Our socio-historical analysis of this deep institutional change process that affect the hard news press (from 1944 to 2010) finally invites to consider the evolution of the underlying struggle for power to run the Press firms involving shareholders, managers, and journalists; we assume journalist-managers play and will play the major role in shaping the orientation and content of managerialization process
Chaussée, Frédéric. "Les changements des pratiques journalistiques au Québec à travers l'étude des titres et amorces, La Presse, 1945 et 1995." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq25288.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаGarcin-Marrou, Isabelle. "Discours et pratiques journalistiques en démocratie : les relations État-médias face au Terrorisme en France et en Grande-Bretagne." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA030150.
Повний текст джерелаThe study is concerned with the logics that the state and the media develop to face independentist terrorism, and with the ways in which these logics appear in press discourses. Three parts organise this study. The first part is concerned with the nature of the state, the public sphere and the logics that the state develops in opposition to the media in a democracy. This part reveals the tendency of the state to organise a dominant discourse which influences the representation of terrorism in the public sphere. The second part reveals the limited autonomy which defines the condition of the media in opposition to terrorism and to the state. The media are described as existing on the edge, between autonomy and dependance towards the state dominant discourse. The third part is constituted by case studies which confront these conclusions to interviews and press articles. Four journalists, of the guardian, the independent, liberation and le monde, who have treated terrorism, have been interviewed; and the inquiry shows that the journalists have a conception of their discourse which emphasis autonomy. On the contrary, an analysis of the times and le monde discourses, about three events which happened between 1988 and 1995, reveals the limited autonomy of the media discourses. Eventually, the state-media relations, during terrorism phenomena, appaer as being based on tensions which restrain the discursive autonomy of the media
WAKATA, BOLVINE FRANCOIS. "Politique d'information et pratiques journalistiques : les differences de traitement de l'information entre journalistes anglophones et francophones a cameroon tribune." Grenoble 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE39011.
Повний текст джерела"modern cameroon is the result of two communities emerging from a joint francobritish colonisation. From that the institution of an official bilingualism was designed to express this origin. The media of the state are construed following this dualist logic and is composed of bilingual wording. Now, despite an institutional environment preaching a "united voice", the official press produces a polyphonic discourse, often contrary to government stipulations. These differences are often due to the english-speaking journalists who use the media as a means of assertion and as a vehicle for political demands in the face of a french-speaking majority power. In this way cameroon journalists seem to have developed notable specific pratices of reflecting the "interior" environment which is reflected by their activity, and tending to reproduce strong relationships which cross the socio-political field of a country where englishspeakers and french-speaking build up, consciously or not, strategies directed at maintaining or modifiying the balance of forces which govern their relationships"
De, Maeyer Juliette. "L'usage journalistique des liens hypertextes: étude des représentations, contenus et pratiques à partir des sites d'information de la presse belge francophone." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209443.
Повний текст джерелаIl convient donc de l'examiner attentivement, pour mieux comprendre ce que les journalistes font des liens, et ce que le lien fait au journalisme. Cette recherche poursuit trois objectifs, et opère donc en trois temps :(1) appréhender le lien hypertexte dans l'imaginaire journalistique, (2) décrire les liens contenus sur les sites d'information de la presse francophone belge dans leur contexte d'énonciation, et (3) replacer les liens dans leur contexte de production.
Afin d'expliciter d'abord, du point de vue des acteurs eux-mêmes, la diversité des rôles que peut avoir le lien dans le contexte du journalisme, ce travail remonte le fil de conversations métajournalistiques au sujet du lien hypertexte. Sur le mode de la cartographie des controverses, celles-ci sont l’objet (1) d’un compte-rendu chronologique qui cherche à recontextualiser précisément chacune des controverses, puis, (2) d’une analyse thématique qui explicite tous les registres d'argument que les journalistes associent aux liens.
Ensuite, les liens hypertextes présents sur six sites web d’information d'organes de presse belge francophone sont décrits, dans leur contexte d’énonciation. Les résultats de l'analyse mettent en évidence que les sites d'information ne sont pas homogènes en matière de liens, chacun d'entre eux en faisant des usages spécifiques. Ils dévoilent également plusieurs pistes de questionnement sur les raisons d'être des liens, notamment sur le caractère structurant de la technique ou le caractère déterminant des enjeux économiques.
Enfin, tous ces éléments sont éclairés par une enquête sur le contexte de production des sites d'information. Une observation directe dans deux rédactions met en évidence les configurations spécifiques qui, en entremêlant la culture des journalistes, des inscriptions socio-techniques, et leurs relations avec les intérêts économiques de l'organisation médiatique, structurent l’usage journalistique des liens.
Au final, cette triple démarche aboutit à mettre en évidence que la configuration des interrelations qui caractérisent le journalisme (c'est-à-dire les relations entre les journalistes, leurs pairs, leurs sources, leurs publics, les produits d’information et la règle) se manifeste assez clairement dans les usages journalistiques du lien hypertexte. Mais elle montre aussi qu’il faut également tenir compte de la matérialité pour véritablement comprendre ce réseau d’interrelations.
Doctorat en Information et communication
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Almar, Nathalie. "Du journal papier au journal en ligne : diversité et mutations des pratiques journalistiques : analyse comparative : La Réunion, Maurice et Madagascar." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457711.
Повний текст джерелаCarignan, Marie-Ève. "La modification des pratiques journalistiques et du contenu des nouvelles télévisées, du quotidien à la situation de crise : analyse France/Québec." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1039/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on the news coverage during abrupt and unexpected events, due to "a very difficult situation, even dangerous, for an individual, an organization, a social body, an economic system or a country" and aims to determine in what journalistic practices and media contents in a crisis situation differ from the ordinary daily practices. The assumption on which this thesis rests is that in a crisis situation, journalistic practices will be affected by emotions, the spur of the moment and the search for exclusivity. Regarding content, there will be saturation of certain issues related to the crisis, while many daily topics will be removed and the risk of errors or inaccuracies will be exacerbated. This doctoral work follows the path of a comparison between France and Quebec, as both countries present a similar language and TV channel structure, which allows us to establish valid comparison bases. To answer the question of the research, a triple methodological strategy was adopted. First are presented the results of semi-structured interviews we made, in the form of professional life stories, with different actors from the information sector. These are followed by the results of a quantitative content analysis of television news which is based on a corpus formed of reports presented during three types of crises in France and in Quebec: "social" crisis, "natural" crises and "mixed" crises. Finally, a content analysis of 1,676 decisions from the jurisprudence of the Quebec Press Council was conducted
Barbeau, Jean-Sébastien. "La production des blogs journalistiques sur les sites web des quotidiens nationaux français et québécois." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020020/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis examines the production of journalistic blogs on French and Quebec national dailies’ websites. The objective of this research is to identify and characterise the zone of uncertainty controlled by journalists in order to realise blogs. This realisation is part of an economic context in great transformation and takes place in organisations that advocate multitasking.The methodology consists of the implementation of 52 semi-structured interviews with journalists and those responsible for active blogs on 1 April 2014, in 12 French and Quebec newspapers; technical and computer analysis of the software WordPress; a content analysis of blogs and newspapers; and online observations of blogs.The main results show that the creation of a blog is carried out by the establishment of a leading editorial concept to which journalists identify themselves both in a professional and personal way. As part of the production, journalists establish individual routines (selection of topics and drafting of texts) and negotiate collective routines (reviewing, uploading and comment management) with various employees (subeditors, community managers, etc.) working for the newspaper. The use of these other actors allows journalists to free themselves from these specialised and gruelling tasks
Fraysse, Mélie. "La fabrication des modèles de genre dans les magazines sportifs : pratiques journalistiques et logiques de positionnement des titres, l'exemple du vélo tout terrain." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU30161.
Повний текст джерелаMost of the analyses dealing with gender models in sport medias lead to the same conclusion: a strong conformity to sexual order. Widely studied in Anglo-Saxon literature, male and female media representations in specialized sport magazines are particularly representative of what CONNELL (1987) calls the hegemonic masculinity and the emphasized feminity. On this basis, this thesis compares the results of these studies by meticulously analysing the gender models presented in specialised mountain bike publications. As mountain biking is an equipped outdoor activity, it is at first sight be associated to male and female models which are quite remote from the most traditional definitions of the sex categories. The analysis of the corpus, based on three main magazines in the field: Vélo Vert, Vélo Tout Terrain and VTTMag confirms at first the strong presence of the most extreme aspects of both hegemonic masculinity and emphasized feminity. But some riding contexts or specific statuses among the Mountain Bike circle provide the readers with much more innovative gender models, quite remote from the traditional media representations. Studying the Mountain Bike circle by focusing on the gender model construction in specialised publications permits to question the role of media in the production of a legitimate definition of the activity, but also to underscore the doxa (BOURDIEU, 1997) that structures this field of practice in terms of sex social relations. The analysis of career paths and journalistic practices shows that two distinct kinds of journalists exist. Based on opposite professional identification processes, these two profiles lead to more or less critical relationships with the Mountain Bike circle and the gender models enhanced in them. Moreover, these sex social relations which prevail among the editorial staffs prevent women from being heard. Insufficient in number, weakened by their status of freelance journalist and male journalist's wife, they come up against the strong male sociability which is in force in editorial offices, genuine places of construction of a "Mountain Bike masculinity". Beyond the importance of the production unit, the publishing unit, and more precisely the different publishing houses, their history, their organization, highly influence the position of each title, strongly orientating the modes of mise en scene of gender models
Dierickx, Laurence. "La production automatisée d'informations en appui aux pratiques journalistiques: Analyse des représentations, des conditions d'association et de la structuration des usages en Belgique francophone." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/304753/5/Contrat.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаABSTRACT The phenomenon of news automation, characterized by the process of transformation of structured data into texts in natural language or any other form of visual representation, asks the question about how it is integrated within newsrooms. If it can be considered as a finished product that will be delivered to audiences without journalistic mediation, this thesis is interested in its aspect related to the support of journalistic practices. Often associated with the metaphor of the "robot journalist," news automation encourages dual representations that reflect its challenges: either a threat against employment and professional identity or an opportunity through an enchanted vision of the reinvention of journalism. This thesis explores how journalists tackle this new form of relationship as an artefact, as a tool, that is supposed to free them from repetitive and time-consuming tasks or to provide them an additional source of information. The aims of this research project are, therefore, to understand how it will shape new professional uses, to identify the causes of resistance that could lead to non-uses, and to contribute to a better understanding of a man-machine relationship developed under tension. Considering that one cannot make use of a given technology without representing it, how will the social representations and cultural practices of journalists contribute to shaping the uses (and the non-uses) of news automation software when it is considered as a journalistic tool? This research question was examined according to two hypotheses: that of the impact of the robot metaphor, and that of the adequacy of the material productions of the artefact with journalistic know-how and requirements. The analysis is based on conceptual and theoretical frameworks proposed by the SCOT model (Social Construction of Technology) and by the French school of the sociology of uses. It is approached through an empirical study conducted within two newsrooms in French-speaking Belgium, which are radically different both in their professional culture and in their organizational structure. In these two experiences, we have followed the process of a socio-technical construction which involved journalists in the design process. Although this first form of use does not guarantee the end-use of the two automation artefacts, it does lay the groundwork for adoption. The reasons to explain the observed resistances are not necessarily related to the nature of the object. They are also to be found in a lack of interest, a form of technophobia, a lack of appetite for a data-driven approach, a questioning of the management, or the dual representation induced by the robot metaphor. The mechanism for structuring the use will, therefore, be developed through a complex process shaped by both endogenous factors linked to the organizational context and journalistic routines, and exogenous factors related to the broader frameworks of the technological imaginaries and the man-machine relationship.
Doctorat en Information et communication
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Escobar, Ana Paulina. "Pratiques, trajectoires et projets des journalistes indépendants : l'évolution du journalisme numérique en Equateur." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCH002.
Повний текст джерелаJournalism in the digital age is a constantly evolving field worldwide, including in Ecuador. Are digital uses changing the profile and skills of journalists? If professional practices have changed, what about the nature of journalism? Are the new digital projects a form of professionalization for journalists, or rather a strategy to precise their space and professional recognition? Through five case studies, we have devoted this research to exploring and analyzing the evolution of journalistic practices and trajectories of Ecuadorian digital professionals and media over a period of constant changes and crises, which includes the pandemic.We analyze 1) professional skills, profiles, practices and knowledge of the profession; 2) bridges between the fields of journalism and communication; 3) experiential discourse in Ecuadorian digital media; 4) work dynamics following the integration of Twitter in newsroom and 5) the practice of collaborative journalism in the context of the health crisis.This study starts from a theoretical and conceptual basis about journalism and journalists in the digital age, the importance of professional training, visibility and mechanisms of professional recognition, and the digital space as a fertile ground for new editorial projects. By comparing French and Spanish literature, this thesis is based on info-communication approaches to journalism, articulated to recognition theory. Its aim is to analyze the evolution of journalistic practices in the digital age, and the ways in which journalists invest in and use technology to gain visibility and recognition within their professional groups. The results of our research lead us to identify the digital era as a space conducive to the emergence of new professional practices and trajectories, as well as new editorial projects
Salles, Chloë. "Mutations d'une presse "de référence" : évolution des stratégies d'acteurs à partir de représentations et de pratiques journalistiques sur l'internet : les blogs au coeur des repositionnements de la presse écrite, le cas du journal Le Monde." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENL024.
Повний текст джерелаAbidi, Soufien. "Les nοuveaux médias d'infοrmatiοn sur les RSΝ. Le cas des pure-players en Τunisie : Le cas des pure-players en Τunisie". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMLH06.
Повний текст джерелаOur research is situated in the dynamic context of digital media, where the constant evolution of information production is an undeniable reality. In this changing landscape, pure players in information emerge as new media players, offering content characterized by hybrid formats and narrative styles that push the traditional boundaries of information production. Our thesis specifically focuses on one of these players, Faza.tn, a Tunisian pure player that is 100% video and 100% social media, which we select as a relevant case study in this particular media phenomenon. In order to delve into the distinctive characteristics of these contents in both substance and form, we’ve employed a research methodology that integrates three complementary approaches. Firstly, quantitative analysis allows us to gain a thorough understanding of the editorial strategy regarding selected topics, narrative patterns marked by repetition, and the identification of form attributes. Secondly, content analysis delves into unraveling editorial orientations. Lastly, semi-structured interviews afford us the opportunity to investigate editorial policies and motivations within Faza.tn. Our primary goal is to evaluate how well these contents align with mobile journalism
Juhem, Philippe. "SOS-Racisme : histoire d'une mobilisation "apolitique" : contribution à une analyse des transformations des représentations politiques après 1981." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00131701.
Повний текст джерелаCe travail s'est d'abord intéressé aux conditions de la fondation de SOS. Il s'agissait de comprendre comment d'anciens militants étudiants d'extrême gauche qui se situaient alors à l'aile gauche du PS avaient pu envisager de constituer une organisation se présentant comme « apolitique ». Il s'agissait aussi d'expliquer pourquoi les fondateurs de SOS avaient choisi de constituer leur nouvelle association à ce moment précis alors qu'ils appartenaient déjà à plusieurs organisations partisanes (PS, MJS, Unef-Id). Mené à partir d'entretiens biographiques avec les membres fondateurs (environ une vingtaine, complétés par une cinquantaine d'entretiens de cadres et de militants de l'association), ce travail tend à montrer que les raisons qui ont déterminé la création de SOS provenaient davantage de la position minoritaire qu'occupaient ses fondateurs au sein des organisations dans lesquelles ils militaient et des chances de reclassement qui étaient alors les leurs au sein du PS, que d'une stratégie antiraciste qu'ils auraient poursuivie. La fondation de la nouvelle association répond donc notamment aux contraintes militantes et professionnelles propres à ses futurs dirigeants. Elle a constitué un moyen déterminant de l'accumulation des ressources politiques de ses fondateurs, ressources qui seront ultérieurement reconverties au sein du PS dans la construction d'un nouveau courant, celui de la Nouvelle Ecole Socialiste (NES).
Pourtant, l'analyse des logiques particulières ayant conduit à la formation d'une nouvelle organisation antiraciste ne nous renseignait pas sur les causes de son succès.Ce travail s'attache donc à comprendre les raisons pour lesquelles certaines rédactions avaient initialement consacré autant d'articles et de reportages à une association dont les effectifs et la capacité d'action étaient alors aussi faibles. Il s'agissait de déterminer si la forme adoptée initialement par SOS-Racisme et en particulier l'effort de neutralisation politique mené par sa direction, mais aussi la mise en scène de la spontanéité et de la jeunesse de ses militants, avait pu constituer un élément favorisant l'intérêt surprenant que les journalistes lui ont rapidement manifesté. La constitution d'une base de données des articles ayant été publiés sur l'association dans la presse nationale et la réalisation d'une trentaine d'entretiens auprès des journalistes ayant écrit sur SOS, a permis de déterminer les logiques de la fluctuation des jugements journalistiques portés sur SOS. C'est l'adaptation de la forme adoptée par la nouvelle organisation aux besoins nouveaux de la presse qui va être à l'origine de son succès. En effet, une association antiraciste « apolitique » permet alors à la presse associée à la gauche (Libération, le Matin de Paris, le Nouvel Observateur) de maintenir un positionnement idéologique d'allure progressiste tout en adoptant des stratégies de prise de distance avec leur ancien engagement militant et notamment en rompant avec les pratiques de soutien au gouvernement alors réputées être à l'origine de la baisse des tirages que connaît la presse de gauche. Au contraire, lorsque l'image publique de SOS-Racisme sera de façon croissante associée au PS, à travers la figure de son fondateur Julien Dray, l'appui des journalistes envers SOS s'affaiblira avant que sa mise en cause ne devienne profitable. Le déclin relatif de SOS aura pour origine un retournement de l'attitude de la presse de gauche à son égard lorsque le soutien à l'association ne servira plus les intérêts professionnels des rédactions.
Mais pour rendre compte des conditions structurelles d'émergence d'une entreprise de mobilisation «apolitique» sur la question du racisme, il nous restait à expliquer comment cette mise en forme particulière, difficilement envisageable en 1979 ou en 1980 lorsque l'ensemble des organisations antiracistes s'opposait à la politique d'aide au retour des immigrés du gouvernement de Raymond Barre, devient en 1985 la condition même du succès de la nouvelle association. Il fallait comprendre par quels processus politiques et sociaux, l'accession de la gauche au gouvernement en 1981 avait pu transformer la nature et le contenu de l'offre politique des partis de gauche mais aussi entraîner la « neutralisation » des lignes rédactionnelles des journaux qui en étaient proches et le rétrécissement de l'éventail des thématiques politiques disponibles pour les acteurs sociaux. La baisse de la popularité de tout ce qui apparaît lié au gouvernement et à la gauche va ainsi contraindre les fondateurs de SOS-Racisme à mettre en œuvre une mise en forme « apolitique » de leur nouvelle organisation.
Ce travail entend donc être une contribution à l'analyse des mouvements sociaux et politiques mais aussi à celle du fonctionnement de la presse. Plus généralement, et au-delà du cas historique étudié, cette étude permet de comprendre les relations qui, au tournant des années 80, unissent différents acteurs de la sphère publique : acteurs politiques, journalistes, experts économiques, intellectuels, etc. En montrant comment les transformations de l'offre politique de la gauche avaient pu modifier « l'ambiance » idéologique de la décennie quatre-vingt – c'est-à-dire la fréquence objective d'utilisation des thématiques politiques en raison de leur inégal rendement social – ce travail représente une contribution à l'analyse des conditions de structuration du débat public en France.
Ndoumbe, Dorothée. "Médias africains et crises sociopolitiques au Cameroun." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0577.
Повний текст джерелаIn Cameroon today, the prevailing socio-political political crisis have brought to the forefront new forms of reporting of political and social events centred on a 'violent', 'direct' and 'blunt' description of events which sometimes justifies the suspicion that certain media companies are 'subversive'. Such media houses are 'dissident' or 'resistant' to the established order, while others support the government and are in tandem with the policies and actions of the government in place. In this light, it is clear that there is a dichotomy in the press in Cameroon between those of the public sector or state owned media and those of the private sector which are generally considered as being pro opposition. This division into two opposing camps of the press in Cameroon has the effect of transforming journalists in Cameroon from a mere 'informer' or 'transmission belt' (Rieffel, 2009) to a political actor as well. We shall analyse the media language of the different actors in the socio-political crisis as well as the motivations which constitute the basis of their actions. Our research is centred on the emergence of social issues on to the public domain, their transformation into media events and the role of the media as political actors who participate in the construction of the meaning read into socio-political events in Cameroon by the way they treat information. In other words it is about the manner in which social events are brought to the attention of the public and the manner in which they are treated by the media
Cassista, Eloïse. "Étude de la pratique journalistique au Québec : le nationalisme basque entre 1969 et 1981." Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4908/1/M12485.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLaville, Camille. "Les transformations de la pratique journalistique : le cas des correspondants étrangers de l'Agence France Presse de 1945 à 2005 /." 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24211/24211.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThèse présentée en cotutelle: Faculté des études supérieures, Université Laval et Université de Paris VIII Vincennes - Saint-Denis. Bibliogr.: f. 248-277. Publié aussi en version électronique dans la Collection Mémoires et thèses électroniques.
Chaussée, Frédéric. "Les changements des pratiques journalistiques au Québec à travers l'étude des titres et annonces : La Presse, 1945 et 1995 /." 1997. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=738287101&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=9268&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Повний текст джерелаCarignan, Marie-Eve. "La modification des pratiques journalistiques et du contenu des nouvelles télévisées, du quotidien à la situation de crise : analyse France/Québec." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11410.
Повний текст джерелаLa présente thèse s’intéresse à la couverture de l’information lors de crises, soit des événements brutaux et inattendus, attribuables « à une situation très difficile, voire dangereuse, pour un individu, une organisation, un corps social, un système économique ou un pays » . Elle a pour objectif de définir en quoi les pratiques journalistiques et le contenu des médias diffèrent du quotidien à la situation de crise. L’hypothèse de départ, sur laquelle elle s’appuie, est qu’en situation de crise, les pratiques journalistiques seront affectées par l’émotivité, l’impulsion du moment et la recherche d’exclusivité. S’agissant du contenu, il y aura saturation de certains thèmes liés à la crise, alors que plusieurs sujets abordés quotidiennement seront évacués et que le risque d’erreurs ou d’inexactitudes sera exacerbé. Ce travail doctoral emprunte la voie de la comparaison entre la France et le Québec, deux pays présentant une structure de chaînes télévisées similaire, laquelle permet d’établir des bases de comparaison valables. Pour répondre au questionnement initial, une triple stratégie méthodologique a été adoptée. Cette stratégie inclut d’abord des entretiens semi-directifs sous forme d’histoire de vie professionnelle, réalisés avec différents acteurs de l’information. Suivent les résultats d’une analyse quantitative du contenu des journaux télévisés qui s’appuie sur un corpus composé de reportages présentés lors de trois types de crises survenues en France et au Québec, soit des crises « sociales », des crises « naturelles » et des crises « mixtes ». Ces reportages ont été soumis à une grille d’analyse, issue du projet Television Around the World de George Gerbner, adaptée aux nouvelles télévisées. Enfin, une analyse de contenu des 1 676 décisions issues de la jurisprudence du Conseil de presse du Québec a été effectuée. Cette dernière examine en profondeur les plaintes relatives à des situations de crises déposées au tribunal d'honneur de la presse québécoise et revient sur les griefs invoqués et les décisions rendues. Ces diverses analyses démontrent qu’il existe une complexité relative à la définition et à la compréhension des crises qui pose de nombreux défis aux professionnels de la nouvelle. Néanmoins, ces derniers font régulièrement face à ce type de situations, puisqu’elles occupent une place primordiale au sein de la programmation médiatique. Les répondants que nous avons rencontrés se sont dits préoccupés par la rapidité avec laquelle ils doivent traiter l'information, par le manque d'outils à leur disposition pour le faire lors de crises et par l'accès aux sources d’information, lesquelles peuvent tenter d'influencer ou de fausser leur jugement et ainsi nuire à leur liberté journalistique. Dans les deux pays analysés, la couverture de crise est présentée d’une façon très autocentrée, alors que les éléments qui retiennent principalement l’attention des journalistes sont ceux liés à leur pays d’origine. Néanmoins, le choix des thématiques et l’angle de traitement présentent de grandes similarités d’un pays à l’autre, alors que les journalistes ont tendance à mettre de l’avant les mêmes sujets dans les situations que nous avons observées. Des pratiques très spécifiques, qui se distinguent du quotidien, se manifestent donc lorsque vient le moment d’aborder les crises dans les médias. En identifiant ces façons de faire, la présente thèse jette les bases d’une réflexion essentielle sur la place accordée aux crises en information et révèle un manque d’outils déontologiques essentiels au travail des journalistes ainsi qu’un manque de réflexion et de recul sur la place accordée à certains sujets dans l’actualité.
This thesis focuses on the news coverage during abrupt and unexpected events, due to "a very difficult situation, even dangerous, for an individual, an organization, a social body, an economic system or a country" and aims to determine in what ways journalistic practices and media contents in a crisis situation differ from ordinary daily practices. The assumption on which this thesis rests is that in a crisis situation, journalistic practices will be affected by emotions, the spur of the moment and the search for exclusivity. Regarding content, there will be saturation of certain issues related to the crisis, while many daily topics will be removed and the risk of errors or inaccuracies will be exacerbated. This doctoral work follows the path of a comparison between France and Quebec, as both countries share a language and similar TV channel structure, which allows us to establish valid comparison bases. To answer the question of the research, a triple methodological strategy was adopted and the results of these analyses are presented in subsequent chapters of the thesis. First are presented the results of semi-structured interviews we conducted, in the form of professional life stories, with different actors from the information sector. These are followed by the results of a quantitative content analysis of television news which is based on a corpus formed of reports presented during three types of crises in France and in Quebec: "social" crises, "natural" crises and "mixed" crises. These reports were submitted to the grid analysis from George Gerbner’s project "Television Around the World". Finally, a content analysis of 1,676 decisions from the jurisprudence of the Quebec Press Council was conducted. This analysis offered the opportunity to examine a certain amount of complaints relating to crisis situations, to observe the objections raised in these complaints and to analyze the different trends with respect to the complainants, the respondents and the decisions of the Quebec media self-regulatory body. The complexity of the definition and understanding of crises results from these various analyzes and poses many challenges to the news professionals who regularly face this type of situations, since they play a major role in media programming. In the two countries analyzed, crisis coverage is presented in a very self centric way, while the main elements that attract the attention of journalists are those related to their country of origin. Nevertheless, the choice of themes and the angle of treatment are quite similar from one country to another and journalists tend to focus on the same issues and to put forward the same type of elements in the situations we observed. There are therefore very clear practices that appear when it comes to address crises in the media. By identifying these, this thesis lays the foundations of a critical reflection on the place made to crises in the information world and reveals an insufficient number of ethical tools essential to the work of journalists as well as a lack of reflection and perspective on the emphasis given to some topics in the news.