Дисертації з теми "Poumon – Cancer non à petites cellules – Génétique"
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Planque, Chris. "Expression de kallicreines tissulaires humaines dans les cancers broncho-pulmonaires non à petites cellules." Tours, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUR4042.
Evaluation of 8 human tissue kallikrein gene expression (15 genes) in lung cancer showed that, except for KLK8, all kallikrein gene transcription resulted in synthesis of a major mRNA encoding kallikrein protein. Altogether, we identified 24 KLK transcripts in lung tissue and 11 mRNA were never described yet. We also quantified using real-time RT-PCR those KLK gene expression in normal and tumoral lung tissues Our results revealed that KLK10 and KLK11 displayed similar expression in normal and tumor lung tissues, whereas KLK5 and KLK7 differential expression was correlated with tumor histotype. KLK13 and KLK14 expression was altered in patients with or without lymph nodes metastasis. The KLK6 and KLK8 genes were highly over-expressed in NSCLC compared to normal lung tissue. Moreover, increased expression of KLK6 and KLK8 genes correlated with negative patient prognosis suggesting that proteins encoded by those genes may be involved in neo-plastic progression
Pallier, Karine. "Associations d'altérations génétiques et liens de coopérations oncogénique dans les cancers broncho-pulmonaires non à petites cellules." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05T058.
Malleter, Marine. "HEF1 et B2, deux cibles moléculaires potentielles dans le cancer broncho-pulmonaire non à petites cellules et leur mécanisme de régulation impliquant les miRNA." Nantes, 2010. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=925cf436-e879-412d-89dd-3327b04167e2.
The lung cancer is at the first place of the death at the world level and in France to. Today, the used molecular targets act on cells which has a speed proliferation, so the fact could explain their ineffectiveness on the non small cells lung cancer (NSCLC) which presents the particularities to have cells which have a slowly proliferation. So, it is very important to discover new molecular targets induced by new anti-cancer molecules which can act on these cells with the slowly proliferation. Previously the laboratory has identified two molecular targets HEF1 and B2 expressed in NSCLC. HEF1 is involved in numerous cellular functions such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, motility. B2 discovered and identified by the laboratory overlapped a part of the HEF1 genomic DNA. This 54 Kb non coding RNA is expressed in different tissues and specifically expressed in lung tissue as the HEF1 gene. Having regard the B2 RNA characteristics and the homology of sequence with HEF1, we put in evidence the existence of a regulation of the HEF1 gene by the B2 RNA. This regulation induced by B2 would be made by the miRNA mechanism. In fact, this large non-coding RNA would be a precursor of miRNA which could for some of them being directed against the HEF1 gene such as hsa-mir-146B. This miRNA overexpressed in NSCLC-N6 cells, has a high homology with the B2 gene and could regulate HEF1 gene on the exon 4. So these genes could be an approach of a new gene therapy whose the expression is modulated by cytostatic molecules such as the molecule A190 patented by the lab
Merle, Patrick. "Etude de ligands de l'ADN G-quadruplexe télomérique dans le traitement du glioblastome et cancer bronchique : approches combinatoires." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CLF1MM14.
Lamy, Aude. "Contribution à l'étude des altérations du cycle cellulaire au cours du cancer bronchique primitif et des lésions précancéreuses." Rouen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ROUES010.
It is important to characterize the molecular changes occurring in precancerous lesions and invasive lung cancer the leading cause of cancer's mortality in industrial nations. In the first part of this work we studied the timing of aberrant methylation of CDKN2A and hRARb2 in primary cultures of precancerous lesions. Aberrant methylation of the CDKN2A gene promoter was found in 19 % of preinvasive lesions: (1) its frequency increased with the histological grade of the lesions, (2) methylation was significantly more frequent in patients with a previous history of lung or ENT cancer but was not influenced by tobacco or asbestos exposure, (3) there was no relationship between CDKN2A hypermethylation and the evolutivity of the lesions. In contrast, aberrant methylation of hRARb2 was not an early event of lung carcinogenesis in our study. In a second part of this work we found an altered expression of Cyclins B1 and B2 in 15 % of non-small cell lung cancer
Renaud, Stéphane. "Impact de l’hypoxie sur la progression tumorale des cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules (CBNPC)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ117.
Tumoral hypoxia, and his target HIF-1α, are linked to the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in various solid tumors. EMT has been linked to chemotherapy resistance and metastases in many cancers. In this work, we have shown that tumoral hypoxia may help to define a worst prognosis in case of hypoxia after non-small cell lung cancer surgery (NSCLC). We have also shown that on NSCLC cell lines harboring activating EGFR mutations, hypoxia trough expression of HIF-1α, was able to induce EMT, with activation of different transcription factors according to cell mutational status: induction of SNAIL-1/SNAIL-2 in H1650 cell line harboring exon 19 deletion, induction of SNAIL-1/ZEB-1 in H1975 cell line harboring both exon 21 L858R and exon 20 T790M mutations. Considering all these data, it appears that HIF-1α may be considered a a new therapeutic target
Guérin, Célia. "Caractérisation de nouvelles mutations activatrices dépendantes de l'HGF dans le lobe N-terminal du domaine kinase du récepteur MET dans le cancer du rein héréditaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDBSL/2023/2023ULILS074.pdf.
Targeted therapies are currently revolutionizing the management of cancer patients, provided they present a targetable molecular alteration responsible for tumor progression. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) with activating mutations are major targets of targeted therapies, with EGFR as a representative example, whose mutations lead to its constitutive activation, making it independent of stimulation by its ligand.The MET receptor, another RTK in this family, has activating mutations in kidney and lung cancer. Indeed, type I papillary renal cell carcinoma (HPRC), an uncommon hereditary cancer, is unique in that over 80% of cases have MET activating mutations. In contrast, in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), MET mutations lead to skipping of exon 14 encoding the juxtamembrane domain (MET ex14 mutations). This exon skipping leads to the loss of the juxtamembrane domain, a regulatory domain involved in the negative regulation of the receptor. In an original way from other RTK mutations, these mutations always require stimulation by HGF, the ligand of MET, making HGF production a parameter to be considered in the stratification of patients eligible for targeted therapies.Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) directed against MET have very recently been approved for clinical use, offering real hope for patients with these mutations.Thanks to the development of high-throughput sequencing for diagnosis and the emergence of new resistance mutations following treatment with targeted therapies, the spectrum of mutations affecting TKIs is expanding considerably. The current challenge is no longer the detection of these mutations, but their functional interpretation, which can demonstrate their activating character or their targeting by TKIs.In this context, my thesis objective was to exploit sequencing data from patients suffering from HPRC or NSCLC to identify new MET activating mutations and characterize their activation mechanisms in order to determine their eligibility for potential treatment by TKIs.Thanks to a collaboration with the Institute Gustave Roussy, which centralizes sequencing data from HPRC patients, we have identified 8 previously undescribed mutations in a cohort of 158 patients, affecting the extracellular domain (V37A and R426P), the juxtamembrane domain (S1018P and G1086E) and the N-terminal lobe of MET kinase (H1086L, I1102T, C1125G and L1130S). In parallel, thanks to our collaboration with the Lille University Hospital, which centralizes data on 2808 NSCLC patients, we have identified 2 undescribed kinase domain mutations.First, we demonstrated in a fibroblast transformation model that the four N-terminal lobe mutations identified in HPRC are potential MET-activating mutations. Interestingly, although localized to the kinase, these mutations retain a dependence on HGF to induce cell transformation. Moreover, all four mutations are sensitive to TKIs directed against MET.In a second step, to better characterize these new activating mutations, we established T47D epithelial cell lines expressing two of the new activating mutations (H1086L and I1102T), which we compared with wild-type MET and MET ex14, known to retain its dependence on HGF. Our results confirm that both mutations require activation by HGF for activation of downstream signaling pathways and induction of responses such as cell motility. Transcriptomic analysis reveals significant similarities between the transcriptional programs of the MET I1102T, H1086L and MET exon14 mutations, highlighting their involvement in extracellular matrix remodeling and invasion. Xenografts of cells expressing these new mutations in mouse models demonstrate their ability to promote tumor growth [...]
Sève, Pascal. "Pharmacorésistance et cancer du poumon Non à petites cellules." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10008.
MAGNIN, JEAN-LUC. "Etude de la survie a deux ans des cancers du poumon non anaplasiques a petites cellules non resecables non metastases." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX20079.
Piton, Nicolas. "Optimisation de la prise en charge diagnostique, pronostique et théranostique des carcinomes broncho-pulmonaires humains : des techniques d’imagerie in vivo à la biologie moléculaire. Ligation -dependent RT-PCR : a new specific and low-cost technique to detect ALK, ROS and RET rearrangements in lung adenocarcinoma A new assay for detection of theranostic gene translocations and MET exon 14 skipping in thoracic oncology. One-year perspective routine LD-RT-PCR in 413 newly diagnosed lung tumors STK11 mutations are associated with lower PDL1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma BRAF V600E mutation is not always present as expected ! A case report of lung and thyroid carcinomas A novel method for in vivo imaging of solitary lung nodules using navigational bronchoscopy and confocal laser microendoscopy." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR119.
Lung cancer is a serious and frequent condition for which the management strategies have been dramatically modified in recent years, from a diagnostic, prognostic and “theranostic” perspective, most notably with the introduction of “targeted therapies”. The latter have demonstrated dramatic improvement in both quality of life and survival rates of eligible patients, yet consequently highlight new complications in diagnosis, treatment options or technical considerations which can be attributed to the growing number of molecular alterations to be detected from limited tissue samples frequently encountered in thoracic oncology. This work combines 5 different research papers from 2 different angles: prognostic and “theranostic” molecular markers of lung cancer, as well as in vivo diagnostic procedures of lung cancer. The first angle encompasses 4 articles. The first two evaluate a new molecular technique, LD-RT-PCR, to detect gene translocation in lung cancer. The third article explores the association between STK11 mutations in lung cancer and the expression of PDL1. Finally, the fourth article is a case report illustrating the importance of a morphological approach to lung cancer. The second angle compares in vivo imaging techniques by endoscopy using confocal laser microendoscopy alongside a conventional microscopic approach
Van, Huffel Serge. "Traitement des carcinomes bronchiques primitifs non à petites cellules : à propos d'une série hospitalière de 292 cas." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR23017.
Derniame, Sophie. "Cancer du poumon / Réponse immunitaire locale - modulation tumeur dépendante." Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2006_0097_DERNIAME.pdf.
Lung cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in the world. Smoking is clearly the major cause of this pathology. The proliferation of tumor cells induces an inflammatory stromal reaction comprising numerous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. In this study, four complementary approaches have been used to study the tumor-dependent modulation of the immune system : TCR Vβ repertoire usage in flow cytometry, TCRγ gene clonal rearrangements in denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE/TTGE), tumor and healthy lung tissue infiltration as well as lymph nodes characteristics in immunohistology and cytokine production by RNA RT-PCR. The results obtained have demonstrated the oligoclonality of T-cells in the three types of tissues tested. A Vβ13. 1 clone and a gamma clone appeared to be specifics of epidermoid carcinoma. Similarly, two TCRγ clones appeared to be restricted to adenocarcinoma. Moreover, the CD3/TCR complex was clearly down regulated in tumors compared to healthy tissue or lymph nodes. Similarly, HLA-DR, HLA-DQ and β2 microglobuline, strongly expressed on healthy pneumocytes were nearly absent from tumor cells. Several cytokines with antagonistic effects were detected within tumoral tissue, especially TGFβ and IL-10, which favour tumor growth and TNFalpha and IFNγ which potentialize the anti-tumoral immune response. In conclusion, the clones identified in healthy lung tissue could be specific of early pre-tumoral lesions induced by tobacco smoke, and some of the clones appear to be tumor-specific. However, the immune system has been defeated by several mechanisms, including a decrease of the expression of partners of the immunological synapse and the production of antagonistic cytokines
Guernet, Alexis. "CRISPR-barcoding pour l'étude fonctionnelle de mutations oncogéniques dans un contexte d'hétérogénéité intra-tumorale." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR022/document.
Individual tumors are composed of multiple and genetically distinct subpopulations of transformed cells that can adapt and evolve in a different way based on environmental conditions. This genetic diversity has major consequences for the patient, particularly during tumor progression and for cancer treatment.We devised a new strategy based on CRISPR/Cas9 technology in which a potentially functional modification in the sequence of a gene of interest is coupled with a series of silent point mutations, functioning as a genetic label for cell tracing. In parallel, a second barcode consisting of distinct silent mutations is inserted in the same cell population and used as a control for CRISPR/Cas9 off-target cleavage. This approach, that we named CRISPR barcoding, enables detection of cells containing the mutation of interest within a mass population of unmodified cells using real-time quantitative PCR or deep sequencing. Through a series of proof-of-concept studies, we demonstrated that CRISPR-barcoding is a fast and highly flexible strategy to investigate the functional consequences of a specific genetic modification in a broad range of assays.In the second part of my thesis, we used CRISPR-barcoding to investigate non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) resistance to targeted therapy. Some NSCLCs harbor activating mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and are addicted to this signaling pathway. These tumors initially show a good response to EGFR inhibitors (EGFRi), but they almost invariably relapse, due to the acquisition of a resistance, as a result of additional genetic alterations, including secondary and tertiary EGFR mutations. Using a CRISPR-barcoding model, we identified the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib for its ability to prevent EGFRi resistance in NSCLC cells. This compound acts through an original mechanism that involves early reduction of STAT3 phosphorylation and late down-regulation of EGFR, resulting in the inhibition of different downstream pathways activated by this receptor, including, RAS-MAPK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR. These results were confirmed in vivo, using a CRISPR-barcoding xenograft model for NSCLC.Altogether, our data indicate that sorafenib can prevent NSCLC resistance to EGFRi through a novel mechanism, thus providing a new potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of this type of cancer
Liu, Peng. "Mort cellulaire immunogène induite par le crizotinib dans le cancer poumon non à petites cellules." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS148.
Accumulating evidence suggests that certain conventional chemotherapies, radiotherapies, as well as targeted therapies mediate their long-term therapeutic success by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD), which stimulate the release or exposure of danger-associated molecular patterns from or on cancer cells, causing their recognition by the immune system, thus reinstating immunosurveillance. An unbiased screen identified crizotinib as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is potent in provoking hallmarks of ICD. In subsequent low-throughput validation experiments, crizotinib promoted Calreticulin exposure, ATP secretion, HMGB1 release, as well as ER stress in both human and murine cancer cells, especially if it is combined with normally non-ICD inducing chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin. ICD induced by the combination of chemotherapy and crizotinib was also observed in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells lacking activating mutations of the crizotinib targets ALK and ROS1, suggesting an off-target-mediated mode of action. Comparative studies indicated that exclusively the clinically used (R) isoform of crizotinib was efficient in inducing cell death and stimulating ICD hallmarks whereas the (S) enantiomer lacked those characteristics. When combined with cisplatin, crizotinib-killed fibrosarcoma MCA205 cells as well as lung cancer TC-1 cells efficiently vaccinated syngeneic immunocompetent mice against a re-challenge with live cancer cells of the same types. Crizotinib improved the efficacy of chemotherapy with non-ICD inducers (such as cisplatin and mitomycin C) on three distinct (transplantable, carcinogen- or oncogene induced) orthotopic NSCLC models, none of which relied on the activation of ALK or ROS1. Of note these anticancer effects were completely lost if any of the ICD signals was blocked. These anticancer efficacies in different models were linked to an increased T lymphocyte infiltration as a sign of an immune response and were lost if such tumors grew on immunodeficient (nu/nu) mice that are athymic and hence lack thymus-dependent T lymphocytes, or on immunocompetent mice with a neutralization of interferon-. The combination of cisplatin and crizotinib led to an increase in the expression of CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1 in tumors, coupled to a strong sensitization of NSCLC to immunotherapy with antibodies blocking CTLA-4 and PD-1. Hence, a combination of crizotinib, conventional chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade may be active against NSCLC, and these data might facilitate the design of clinical trials to evaluated novel combination regiments for the treatment of NSCLC
Saintigny, Pierre. "Contribution à l’étude de la diffusion métastatique dans les cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules." Paris 13, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA132022.
The purpose of this work was to study the lymphatic as well as hematogeneous metastatic diffusion, by detecting occult tumour cells, and by studying the role of EPO/EPOR and VEGF-C/VEGFR-3. The diagnosis of mediastinal lymph node occult tumor cells using real-time RT-PCR for the detection of a panel of mRNA markers has been validated. By using the same tool, circulating tumour cells have been detected in 30% patients who undergone curative surgery; we failed to find any correlation with survival and response to chemotherapy. VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 expression in tumor cells was investigated in both primitive tumor and metastatic lymp nodes; a coexpression of these factors was observed in 39% of the tumors, and was associated with a high proliferation rate, high risk of lymph node metastasis, and poor survival. VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 were coexpressed in 71% of metastatic tumour cells. Finally, EPO/EPO-R coexpression in tumour cell is an independent poor prognostic factor in patientsundergoing surgery
Gratas-Rabbia-Ré, Catherine. "NSCLC N6 (carcinome bronchopulmonaire non à petites cellules) : nouveau modèle expérimental d'origine humaine pour la détection et l'étude de produits potentiellement anticancereux." Nantes, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NANT03VS.
Martin, Bernabe Alfonso. "Une approche protéomique pour comprendre les adaptations métaboliques du cancer du poumon non à petites cellules." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAS027.
Lung cancers are broadly classified into two main groups: small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for approximately 83% of all lung cancer cases with an overall 5-year survival rate of 21%. Conventional therapies in NSCLC including radiotherapy and platinum-based chemotherapy lack specificity and often cause severe side effects as they affect healthy cells. To address this problem, targeted therapies have been successfully used due to their specificity for cancer cells. Targeted therapies against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements have been shown to be effective in NSCLC. However, therapeutic response may be limited due to drug resistance. This is the case of patients whose tumors harbor activating KRAS mutation that leads to constitutive activity of RAS signaling independent of upstream signals. For this reason, a better comprehension of tumor progression and resistance is needed to improve cancer treatments. To date, approaches targeting oncogenic KRAS have been unsuccessful. Given the importance of metabolic reprogramming in multiple cancers including lung cancer and the regulatory role of KRAS signaling. We explored the metabolic reprogramming of KRAS-driven NSCLC cells to find vulnerabilities in the altered metabolism that can be exploited as therapeutic targets.For this, we characterized the proteome of NSCLC cell lines (A549 and NCI-H460) harboring activating mutations of the oncogene KRAS with particular focus on metabolic enzymes. We found not only up-regulation expression of glycolytic enzymes, which is frequently found in cancer as part of the “Warburg effect”, but also a remarkable up-regulation of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in both oxidative and non-oxidative branches. Based on this study, we evaluated the feasibility of use PPP enzyme (glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and transketolase (TKT)) as targets for improve or develop of new therapies.Recently, protein lysine acetylation (KDAC) has emerged as a metabolism-coordinating mechanism and mounting evidence has shown that acetylation regulation of metabolic enzymes plays a major role in cancer. Consequently, lysine deacetylases inhibitors (KDACIs) have drawn attention not only as promising strategies for therapeutic intervention but also as tool for studying the role of lysine acetylation in NSCLC metabolic reprogramming. Furthermore, metabolic reprogramming also depends strongly on the tumor microenvironment such as oxygen level. Therefore, we also analyzed the inhibition of KDAC under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in order to better understand the adaptive strategies under such perturbations. Our results showed that KDACIs induce low cell proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis accompanied by a change in the tumor metabolic phenotype enhanced under hypoxia. Together, these results allow us to better understand how KDACIs control metabolic pathways under hypoxia in NSCLC
BALDUIN, MARIE-THERESE. "Radiotherapie a visee curative des cancers broncho-pulmonaires non a petites cellules t1n0 et t2n0 : a propos de 53 observations." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M169.
Girard, Philippe. "Traitement actuel du cancer bronchique non à petites cellules au stade IIIb : à propos d'une série de 44 patients." Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET6405.
Billaud, Amandine. "Analyse moléculaire, enjeux et limites des thérapies ciblées en oncologie : extension des sensibilités aux anti-PARP dans les cancers ovariens par caractérisation de variants non annotés et nouveaux mécanismes de résistance dans les cancers bronchiques. Caractérisation moléculaire de l’EGFR dans les cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules : étude prospective comparative des technologies NGS et automate Idylla Somatic mRNA analysis of BRCA1 splice variants provides a direct theranostic impact on PARP inhibitors." Thesis, Angers, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ANGE0003.
Despite significant clinical benefit from the consideration of molecular context, targeted therapies are still challenging. First part of this work focused on tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting EGFR in non small cell lung cancers. Thus, improvement of biomarkers detection methods was completed by in vitro characterization of an unreported mechanism of acquired resistance. Briefly, pulmonary cells were exposed to a mutagen agent and a selection pressure was applied with EGFR inhibitors allowing the detection of TBK1 signature. Finally, synergic effect of that co-inhibition was highlighted. Now essentials in gynaecological cancers management, PARP inhibitors represent the second part of that work. Those targeted therapies are based on synthetic lethality. Consequently, BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutations are required for their administration, illustrating the issue of variants of uncertain significance. Toward their functional characterization necessity, a transcriptional analysis of splicing variant was first conducted on mRNA extracted from FFPE samples. Then, to evaluate functional signification of all types of variants, genomic edition was developed. Editing efficiencies of the unknown variant and a silent control one were compared in a haploid model where those genes are essentials. Functional signification of BRCA1/2 variants, and thereby mutations from all essential tumor suppressor genes in our model, can be evaluated in three weeks which is compatible with clinical management
TAVERNIER, MAXIME. "Place du scanner thoracique dans le bilan pre-operatoire des cancers broncho-pulmonaires non a petites cellules : a propos de 50 cas." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M481.
Moreau, Dimitri Roussakis Christos. "Étude de nouvelles cibles moléculaires de cancer bronchopulmonaire non à petites cellules pharmacomodulées par des substances originales naturelles et synthétiques." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=27686.
Chatterjee, Saradiya. "Role of TLR7 in non-small cell lung carcinona (NSCLC)." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066063.
Lung cancer accounts for over 1 million deaths per year with a 5-year survival of 8-12%. Stimulation of TLRs by the natural ligands like the PAMPs and DAMPs results in a proinflammatory signaling cascade. We have shown that stimulation of lung cancer cell lines with TLR7 agonist lead to tumor cell survival and chemoresistance in vitro. We studied the effect of TLR7 agonists on A549 and LL/2 cells injected in NOD/SCID and C57BL/6 mice either treated or not with cisplatin. Loxoribine has a pro-tumoral effect on A549 cells and induces chemoresistance in NOD/SCID mice. Blockade of TLR7 with IRS661 reversed the pro-tumoral effect of TLR7 agonist on A549 cells. CL264 was also found to have a pro-tumoral effect on LL/2 cells and induced chemoresistance in NOD/SCID mice. On the other hand CL264 at lower concentration induces an anti-tumoral effect on LL/2 cells while at a higher concentration demonstrated a pro-tumoral effect in C57BL/6 mice. We also demonstrated an overall bad prognostic value for higher expression of TLR7 by tumoral cells among NSCLC patients treated and not treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These results suggest a pro- tumoral role and induction of chemoresistance by TLR7 in NSCLC patients. Use of TLR7 agonist as therapeutic option is recommended based on the TLR7 expression level for individual NSCLC patients. TLR7 antagonist holds promise for treatment of NSCLC in future
Anouan, Koutoua Joseph. "Correction de l'effet de volume partiel en imagerie fonctionnelle par TEP au 18F-FDG pour le suivi thérapeutique de patients atteints de cancer pulmonaire non à petites cellules." Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUES028.
Duhalde, Philippe. "Place de la tomodensitométrie cérébrale dans le bilan préthérapeutique et la surveillance du cancer bronchique non à petites cellules." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2M173.
Rollin, Jérôme. "Expression comparée de deux anti-protéases, TFPI-2 et RECK, et des métalloprotéases MMP-2 et MMP-9 dans le cancer broncho-pulmonaire non à petites cellules." Tours, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUR3303.
TFPI-2 and RECK are anti-proteases which regulate in vitro the activation of several MMP involve in cancer progression. We have demonstrated that gene expressions of these two inhibitors are decreased in 37% and 51% of non-small cell lung cancer tumours, respectively. In addition, hypermethylation of TFPI-2 gene promoter is associated with decreased expression of TFPI-2 gene in 50% of cases. On the other hand, the percentage of active forms of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was higher in tumours but did not significantly vary according to RECK or TFPI-2 gene expression. This study has also demonstrated that the survival time of patients with the MMP-2-735CC genotype was significantly shorter, despite tumour MMP-2 mRNA levels measured were significantly lower. In conclusion, these data support that TFPI-2 and RECK are likely contributing to inhibit tumour progression in NSCLC, but the exact mechanisms involved to regulate in vivo MMP remain to be identified
Beganton, Benoît. "Caractérisation des réseaux d’interactions protéiques associés aux mutations oncogéniques principales retrouvées dans le cancer du poumon non à petites cellules." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT157/document.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in France and in the world. It is a cancer of poor prognosis, diagnosed at the late stage III or IV, with a 5-years survival of 6% and 1%, respectively. This cancer encompass several histological types, and among them adenocarcinoma account for 40% of the diagnosis. Genetic sequencing of stage IV tumors highlights redundant mutations, and generally exclusives from each other’s, of KRAS, EGFR, BRAF and ALK genes. The identification of these mutations enable, within companion test, to make eligible patients for targeted therapies when molecules are available.Even though these targeted therapies represent a true revolution in patient’s care, the majority of them cannot benefit from these treatments because their tumors do not harbor activating mutations that are targetable (e.g. absence of EGFR, BRAF and ALK mutation, presence of KRAS mutation). Additionally, when they can be treated using an oral molecule, the benefit observed is unfortunately poor in terms of period of time, and all the patients will escape from the treatment. This is for example the case with EGFR mutations.To better understand the molecular mechanisms associated with the resistance events observed in the clinic, and to propose new therapeutics for patient not-eligible for targeted therapies, I studied at the proteome level, the impact these mutations on protein networks, using the BioID technology (proximity-dependent biotinylation identification). More particularly, I have been interested in the activating mutation of EGFR, KRAS, BRAF and ALK. Considering that proteins from the RAS family (HRAS, NRAS and KRAS) are mutated in around 30% of cancers, I have been also interested in the protein network of these proteins to highlight interaction specific to the KRAS isoform.During my thesis, I showed that the protein networks characterized using BioID are much more dense compared to those identified with the more conventional technic of AP-MS (Affinity-purification and mass spectrometry), and that they enable to identify interactors specifically deregulated upon activating mutation. Additionally, the HEK293 cell model (Human Embryonic Kidney) and BEAS2B cell model (non-cancerous lung cell line) showed a high overlapping degree of the interactors identified, suggesting that the strategy used is relevant to identify interactors specific to mutations. This thesis enabled to identify several interactors specific to the mutant KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, NRAS and EML4-ALk fusion. Thirteen interactors specific to the mutated-KRAS have been functionally validated in lung-cancer cell lines models. Finally, using BioID data I have been able to propose a model of EGFR resistance to targeted therapies. This model shows that CBL and IGH2R might be the EGFR partners responsible for therapeutic escape.Altogether, this thesis propose new perspective to determine resistance mechanisms and to identify new therapeutic targets for KRAS-mutated patients
Ilie, Marius Ionut. "Apport de la pathologie intégrative dans l'identification de biomarqueurs dans les carcinomes pulmonaires non à petites cellules : pathologie intégrative et cancer du poumon." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00874504.
Giroux, Leprieur Etienne. "Facteurs de résistance à la chimiothérapie à base de sels de platine dans les cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules : Rôle de la voie Sonic Hedgehog dans la chimiorésistance." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066223/document.
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is known to be chemoresistant. Few robust markers of chemoresistance have been validated so far in this type of cancer. We have described in this work new innovative markers of resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapy in NSCLC. After the study of usual clinical and molecular caracteristics of patients who were refractory to chemotherapy, we have then explored the role of the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway in NSCLC and its impact in term of chemoresistance. We have shown that Shh pathway, closely linked with cancer stem cells, was correlated with the refractory property to chemotherapy. Positive Gli2 immunohistochemistry score was associated with tumor progression et progression-free survival. We have also demonstrated a correlation between Shh activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, known to be linked with tumor aggressiveness, metastatic ability and chemoresistance. We have then validated the great role of Shh pathway in tumor proliferation and chemoresistance in another thoracic cancer, known to be chemoresistant, the malignant pleural mesothelioma. At last, the impact of ceancer stem cells on tumor aggressiveness and prognosis has been demonstrated through the study of the expression of hPAF1C (human polymerase II-associated factor 1 complex), described as overactivated in cancer stem cells and linked to Shh pathway activation. We have shown that hPAF1C expression was associated with poor prognosis and with tumor proliferation through an interaction with c-Myc. These results underline the major role of Shh pathway and cancer stem cells in SNCLC in term of chemoresistance and tumor aggressiveness
Moreau, Dimitri. "Étude de nouvelles cibles moléculaires de cancer bronchopulmonaire non à petites cellules pharmacomodulées par des substances originales naturelles et synthétiques." Nantes, 2006. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=52c9b0c1-a1f2-4714-b939-382030d9a17c.
Still rare disease at the beginning of the 20th century, the lung cancer is at the origin of more than 6 % of the deaths in France currently. It occupies there the first rank of the deaths by cancer whereas France is regarded as a country at the average risk among the Western countries. The discovery of new anti-cancer treatments increasingly more effective and specific, is thus today of primary importance. The validation of the capacity of a molecule to being able to inhibit the cancerous proliferation, passes by several stages of tests starting with the description of an activity at the cellular level. One of the strategies used for the discovery of new compounds antiproliferativs, passes by an investigation of the bioactiv potential of a great number of chemical compounds (the screening) on cancerous cellular lines, here NSCLC-N6 and A549. These compounds can have various origins from the natural environment to the chemistry of synthesis. The studied molecules are here: Extracts of origin marinates produced by microalgues. 10 different species resulting from 7 phylogenetic classes were studied. The results of the first tests of activity made it possible to select several extracts to undertake a thorough chemical study aiming to isolate and identify the active ingredients (Moreau et al. , 2006). A triazine under protection resulting from the chemistry of synthesis (A190). As we said the specificity of the new treatments is a priority, this is why research undertaken here aims at describing the genomic mechanisms implied in the stop of the proliferation of the cancerous cells. The description of the action of a molecule on the genomic level implies the study of the transcriptome and/or the proteome. Thus during various laboratory works two particular targets have been identified by RF-Differential display: gene HEF1 and the ARN not translated B2 coded by an intronic area of HEF1. During this thesis we followed the implication of the A190 molecule in the modulation of these genes and we have tried to understand their implications in the cellular cycle (Moreau et al. , 2006 (submitted)). The potential antitumor of the A190 molecule finally was studied during an in vivo experimentation and appeared very convincing
Keller, Maureen. "Dissection de l'interactome RASSF1A/Voie de signalisation Hippo : étude dans les cellules de lignées épithéliales bronchiques humaines." Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN3165.
RASSF1A loss in non-small cell lung cancer is a frequent event observed in 25 to 30% of patients. We mimicked in vitro RASSF1A loss by siRNA transfection in human bronchial epithelial cells. We demonstrated this inactivation induced i) an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by causing nuclear translocation of the active transcriptional co-factor YAP, ii) the acquisition of promigration and invasive capacity (i. E. A metastatic phenotype) by inhibiting the anti-migratory GTPase RhoB and its GEF, GEFH1. This effect on RhoB also participates in the cytoskeleton remodeling dynamics by deregulating the LIMK/Cofilin signaling pathway, and in the cytokinesis abnormalities observed after RASSF1A depletion. We determined that the kinase NDR2, a Hippo pathway member, could account for many of the effects observed after RASSF1A cell invalidation since possibly phosphorylating and inactivating GEFH1, involved in the various processes disrupted by the absence of RASSF1A. We also demonstrated that YAP but not TAZ, participates in the phenotype induced by RASSF1A loss of expression. We further reported that a high YAP tumor expression tends to predict a poorer survival in NSCLC patients receiving chemotherapy probably since YAP, in addition to inducing EMT in RASSF1A depleted cells, also increases the c-IAP2 gene expression, encoding for an apoptosis inhibitor. This work thus allowed us to identify in the interactome of RASSF1A/Hippo signaling pathway, a central actor involved in the oncogenic transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells lacking RASSF1A, namely NDR2 kinase, making this kinase, a potential therapeutic target
Sapay, Nicolas. "Les peptides d'ancrage à l'interface membranaire : analyses structurales par RMN et dynamique moléculaire et développement d'une méthode de prédiction bioinformatique." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10003.
Gautier-Isola, Marine. "Caractérisation fonctionnelle de longs ARNs non codants induits par l’hypoxie et impliqués dans l’agressivité des cancers pulmonaires non à petites cellules." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ6026.
Lung cancers, and notably Lung Adenocarcinomas (LUAD) are the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Their high rate of recurrence despite early, requires new prognostic markers and new therapeutic targets. The combined study of local cohort (CHU of Nice) and large scale (TCGA) transcriptomes of LUAD allowed the identification of a shortlist of 28 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) correlated with hypoxia, a factor of tumor aggressiveness, and a poor prognosis. LncRNAs are transcripts that modulate gene expression through the recruitment of proteins and/or nucleic acids and represent an interesting source of new therapeutic targets. Two lncRNAs candidate were selected and molecular characterization was undertaken by sequencing, RT-PCR and smRNA FISH and concern the nuclear lncRNA NLUCAT1 of 9,8kb and the cytosolic lncRNA LINC01116 of 1,2kb. Experiments with loss of function via CRISPR/Cas9 systems, interference RNA and gain of function allowed to characterize the function of these transcripts. Invalidation of NLUCAT1 by CRISPR/Cas9 reduces proliferation, migration, invasion and increases cisplatin sensitivity and ROS production. Bioinformatic analysis of transcriptomes from cells invalidated or not for NLUCAT1 has demonstrated its involvement in the mechanisms of regulation of oxidative stress via a positive feedback from the NRF2 antioxidant pathway. On the other hand, lncRNA LINC01116 is mainly expressed in endothelial cells of the tumor microenvironment and its inhibition by interfering RNA reduces the adhesion capacities and increases the permeability of the endothelium. Mechanistic characterization was perform for LINC01116 via RNA pulldown-MS co-precipitation experiments and idenfied a list of potential partner proteins. The proteins of RNA metabolism and stability, ILF3 and PABPC1 were identified and their interactions with LINC01116 were validated by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). Overall, during my thesis, I determine the pro-tumoral action of the NLUCAT1 in LUAD and the involvement of LINC01116 in the modification of the tumor microenvironment. These two transcripts could represent potential therapeutic targets in the management of lung cancer
Pain, Lucile. "Activité cytotoxique in vitro et in vivo d'un extrait enrichi d'Helleborus caucasicus et mode d'action sur des cellules du cancer du poumon non-à-petites cellules." Thèse, Université Laval, 2014. http://constellation.uqac.ca/3961/1/Pain_uqac_0862N_10201.pdf.
Heeke, Simon. "Développement et implémentation de nouveaux biomarqueurs prédictifs dans le cancer du poumon non à petites cellules - du tissu à la biopsie liquide." Thesis, Côte d'Azur, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR6015.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide for both men and women. However, the treatment of lung cancer has changed radically in recent years with the introduction of more effective chemotherapies, but above all the development of targeted treatments that allow a personalized therapeutic approach and the introduction of immunotherapy that has considerably prolonged the survival of some patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although these new therapeutic approaches have made it possible to obtain sometimes spectacular responses, a fairly large number of patients are resistant to these treatments. In this context, the development of new biomarkers to select the best treatment for the right patient at the right time is crucial to improving clinical outcomes for NSCLC patients. Nevertheless, not all biomarkers currently under study are able to improve this prediction, in particular, the implementation of some biomarkers in clinical routine is often difficult, whereas preliminary results obtained in vitro or even in initial clinical trials were promising.The objective of the thesis was to evaluate and implement new biomarkers that predict the response to immunotherapy and targeted therapies for the therapeutic selection of NSCLC patients. The first part of the thesis discusses the importance of biobanks and the control of biological resources as a cornerstone for the development of these new biomarkers. We have implemented an operating procedure that allows us to safely store biological collections of interest and use them for biomarker research studies. We describe how a biobank dedicated to a single pathology can be established and used for research purposes.Additionally, the genomic evaluation of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for the detection of specific mutations of the Epidermal growth Factor Receptor receptor (EGFR) is studied and evaluated. We retrospectively analyzed 324 patients over a three-year period from three biological tests used in routine clinical practice and were able to demonstrate that these tests are very robust but must be closely controlled to avoid false positive or negative results. We then evaluated the next-generation sequencing (NGS) of plasma DNA using an internal test developed in the laboratory and an external test and were able to demonstrate that both tests were reliable for the detection of genomic alterations in plasma in clinical routine. In the last part of the thesis, I describe how the evaluation of large targeted sequencing panels capable of assessing mutation tumor load can be used to select patients for anti-tumor immunotherapy and what pitfalls should be avoided in order to use this biomarker in clinical routine.In summary, this thesis demonstrates the importance of novel biomarkers for the stratification ofpatients undergoing therapy in NSCLC and contributed to the implementation of tissue and liquidbiopsy-based biomarkers in routine clinical care
Busser, Benoît. "Identification et caractérisation d'un nouveau mécanisme de résistance au gefitinib dans le cancer du poumon non-à petites cellules : rôle de l'amphiréguline." Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10230.
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80% of lung cancers and is associated with a very poor prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate remaining below 15%. Gefitinib is a molecule that belongs to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) family and has shown potent antiproliferative effects in NSCLC. A high variability in clinical responses to this treatment lead to investigate new predictive markers to discriminate gefitinib-responders from non-responders. Patients that are resistant to gefitinib have high seric amphiregulin (AREG) levels, suggesting a role of this growth factor in gefitinib resistance. We investigated whether AREG was involved in gefitinib resistance and we characterized the molecular pathway initiated by AREG. This work shows that AREG allows resistance to gefitinib-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, through the inactivation of Bax proapoptotic protein. AREG induces the decrease of Bax expression level as well as an increased interaction between Bax and Ku70, through an acetylation-dependant mechanism. Therefore we describe an original pathway of gefitinib resistance, dependant of acetylation, and controlled by the growth factor AREG. Lung cancer is a major health problem and NSCLC resistance to treatments represents a worrying phenomenon for clinicians. This work suggests both diagnostic and therapeutic solutions to improve NSCLC care. Effectively, we demonstrated the major role of AREG in NSCLC resistance to gefitinib, and validated its use as a predictive biomarker of non responsiveness to this treatment. Moreover, we suggest the association of EGFR-TKI with histone deacetylase inhibitors, especially for NSCLC patients that are resistant to EGFR-TKI
Asgarova, Afag. "La transition épithélio-mésenchymateuse régule l'expression de PD-L1 dans le cancer du poumon, non à petites cellules : un role pour IKK Ɛ." Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA3007/document.
EMT foster cancer progression by acting on mechanisms allowing tumors to exide immune surveillance. Recent clinical advances immunotherapy demonstrated that some cancer with established lymphocyte infiltrates, express immune checkpoint inhibitory molecules, such as PD-L1, to allow their progression. During this thesis, another link between EMT and immune escape, through the regulation of PD-L1 in non-smal cell lung caricinoma was established. A new role of IKKƐ in the regulation of PD-L1 during EMT was also been shown
Akoum, Rania El. "La phosphorylation de CARM1 empêche l'interaction entre PRMT1 et CARM1, deux « Protein Arginine MethylTransférases » impliquées dans la prolifération dans le cancer du poumon." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0128/document.
PRMT1 and CARM1 are 2 Protein Arginine MethylTransferases (PRMTs) implicated in cell proliferation and deregulated in cancer. Dimerisation is a conserved feature in the PRMT family. PRMT1 and CARM1 cooperate in gene regulation but CARM1/PRMT1 heterodimer is not yet characterised. We report that, PRMT1 and CARM1 are overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer samples and in 2 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, A549 and H1299. siPRMT1 reduce proliferation and promote differentiation. siCARM1 yield similar consequences but, as this was previously described, suppress PRMT1 expression in addition to CARM1 expression. Thus CARM1 might reduce proliferation by a direct effect or alternatively through PRMT1 suppression. This result reinforces the interest of investigating the CARM1/PRMT1 heterodimer formation. We found that in A549 cells, CARM1 is not phosphorylated at serine 228, interacts with PRMT1, methylates the promoter of 2 target genes (Sox2 and Nanog) and is localized in the nucleus. In H1299 cells, CARM1 is phosphorylated at serine 228, does not interact with PRMT1, does not methylate Sox2 and Nanog promoters and is localized in the cytoplasm. Inhibition of the kinase MAP2K3 prevents the phosphorylation of CARM1 at serine 228 and restores CARM1/PRMT1 interaction in H1299 cells. In conclusion, we propose that PRMT1 knock-down reduces proliferation in lung cancer. CARM1 knock-down reduces proliferation probably through the suppression of PRMT1. We suggest that MAP2K3 is the candidate kinase that phosphorylates CARM1 at serine 228 and that phosphorylation inhibits CARM1/PRMT1 interaction. CARM1/PRMT1 heterodimer formation might be a way of regulating the activities of these enzymes
Gauvin, Amélie. "Pharmacocinétique de la vinorelbine chez le sujet âgé : mise en place d'une stratégie de prélèvements limités pour l'estimation Bayesienne des paramètres pharmacocinéthiques individuels : intérêt de l'association vinorelbine/irinotecan sur la lignée cellulaire humaine de cancer du poumon non à petites cellules." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON13511.
Galluzzi, Lorenzo. ""TripleC" : une étude de biologie des systèmes sur l'apoptose." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA11T093.
Picard, Evelyne. "Caractérisation de l'expression des récepteurs de l'acide rétinoïque et de rétinoïdes X dans le cancer bronchique." Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN19916.
Abou, Daya Hiba. "Rôle du canal calcique Orai3 dans la résistance à la chimiothérapie dans le cancer du poumon : implication des cellules souches cancéreuses." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AMIE0061.
Since approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) in 1978, platinum doublet therapy remains the current gold standard chemotherapeutic treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, resistance to platinum salts evolves rapidly in patients with NSCLC and one of the major reasons behind this resistance is their proved ability to enrich CSC (cancer stem cell) population. Calcium is recognized as an activator of critical signaling pathways, including the ones responsible for resistance to apoptosis. Herein, the calcium channel Orai3 has been recently identified as an important element in the resistance to chemotherapy in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, Orai3 channel is overexpressed in NSCLC tissues, is correlated to a high tumor grade and constitutes a predictive marker of metastasis and survival in resectable NSCLC tumors. In-vitro, Orai3 channel controls cell proliferation in NSCLC cell lines in a calcium dependent manner, via the Akt pathway. In the present work, we investigated the role of Orai3 channel in resistance to Cisplatin in NSCLC and the signaling pathways associated. We found that Orai3 channel becomes overexpressed after treatment with Cisplatin in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Clinically, Orai3 overexpression after chemotherapy was associated with partial or no tumor regression. In cell lines, Cisplatin treatment increased Orai3 expression in a time-dependent manner and this overexpression was accompanied by an enrichment of CSCs population demonstrated by CD133 staining and an overexpression of the CSCs markers Nanog, SOX-2 and Slug. Moreover, Orai3 silencing or the reduction of extracellular calcium concentration sensitized the cells to Cisplatin and leads to a drastic reduction in the expression of Nanog and SOX-2 and a partial reduction of Slug expression. Furthermore, Orai3 overexpression induced the overexpression of both markers Nanog and SOX-2. Interestingly, we remarked a change in the function of Orai3 upon the treatment with Cisplatin. In basal conditions, Orai3 was found to regulate basal calcium entry in control cells or cells transfected with an empty vector while upon the treatment with Cisplatin or when Orai3 is overexpressed via Orai3 vector transfection, it becomes involved in SOC entry. We also noticed that Orai3 functions as SOC channel in CSCs. Finally, we found that upon the inhibition of the signaling pathway Akt, the expression of the stemness markers didn’t increase and Cisplatin’s efficiency was enhanced. In a conclusion, Orai3 overexpression enables the channel to become a SOC channel and favors the calcium entry. Also, Orai3 channel, via the Akt pathway, promotes the enrichment of CSCs which are insensitive to Cisplatin. Taken together, our results show for the first time that Orai3 channel is able to induce chemoresistance in NSCLC cells by increasing the CSCs population. Our findings provide a new context in the understanding of NSCLC resistance to chemotherapy and present Orai3 as a promising biomarker which could help in the choice of chemotherapeutic drugs for patients with NSCLC
Rousseau, Bénédicte. "TP53 facteur de transcription pour le gène NEDD9/HEF1/Cas-L : nouvelles cibles potentielles du traitement du Cancer du Poumon « Non à Petites Cellules »." Nantes, 2014. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=4e053358-f82e-4721-9e91-dc245a9d01ca.
Due to the high rate to both its incidence and its mortality lung cancer remains a major public health problem. The proposed classical treatments remain far from effective except for the surgery in the least advanced stages. Indeed, the classical chemotherapy, based on molecules directed against the actors of the cellular proliferation, is not adapted to the case of the Non Small Cell Lung Cancer, accounting for 70% of the cases, which present cells with a very slow doubling time. That is why research has been directed for several years towards treatments more targeted and directed against actors other than those of the cellular proliferation. In this context, an in vitro screening of new molecules was carried out at the laboratory and led to the selection of the A190 triazine. This cytostatic and pro-apoptotique molecule allowed to identify a new molecular target: the NEDD9/HEF1/Cas-L gene which is involved in many cellular functions (proliferation, differentiation, motility and apoptosis). The studies presented in this thesis show that the over expression of gene HEF1, observed during a treatment by A190 of the cell line NSCLC-N6-L16 outcome from an epidermoid cell carcinoma, is under the control of the transcription factor TP53 itself over expressed and beforehand restored by the A190 molecule. Consequently, this molecular target (NEDD9/HEF1/Cas-L) could potentially become a therapeutic target in the treatment of epidermoid cell carcinoma having this affected signalization pathway. This would be anchored in the current trend to propose a personalized treatment
Alzahouri, Kazem. "Pratiques diagnostiques pour les nodules pulmonaires isolés et le cancer du poumon non à petites cellules : caractérisation, déterminants et évaluations médico-économiques de l'introduction de la tomographie par émission de positon." Nancy 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN11301.
BARJAUD, PASCAL. "Etude d'un protocole d'utilisation dans la determination de la nse et du rapport nse/nne pour le suivi des cancers anaplasiques a petites cellules du poumon." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CLF13051.
Creoff, Estelle. "CD9P-1 et angiogénèse tumorale : étude des propriétés anti-angiogéniques de peptides dérivés du CD9P-1." Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUES018.
Picard, Émilie. "Etude phénotypique et fonctionnelle des cellules NK dans un contexte de cancer et d'inflammation." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCE022.
NK cells are innate lymphocytes involved in the recognition and elimination of infected or tumor cells. Their cytotoxic activity is finely regulated by a set of activating and inhibitory receptors. However, receptors expression and NK cell functions may be modified according to environment. Here, we were interested in NK cell-phenotype and function modulations and their relationship with CD4 T cells, in NSCLC patients and under IL-21 influence in inflammatory context. The first study highlighted an increase circulating rate of CD56dim CD16- NK cell subset concomitantly with a decrease rate of CD56dim CD16+ NK cell subset in NSCLC patients. Ex vivo analysis of NK cell phenotype highlighted a specific group of patients with an overall altered expression of NCRs and NKG2D on NK cell subsets. The main defect was the decrease of NK cells expressing NKp46 and we showed a negative correlation between the patients’ survival and NKp46+ NK cell percentage. Interestingly, NKp46 neutralization on NK cells was associated with a better antitumor CD4 T cell response. The second study showed that IL-21 promotes the differentiation of a specific NK cell subset coexpressing CD86/HLA-DR and CD86/CD30. While NK cell activation via CD30 promotes a high degranulation and IFN-γ secretion, IL-21-activated NK cells also produce MIF. This soluble factor provide costimulatory signaling during naïve CD4 T cell priming inducing the differentiation of uncommitted central memory T cells. Such HLA-DR+ MIF+ NK cells were identified in inflammatory human appendix suggesting that they could activate CD4 T cells in vivo. Altogether, these studies highlighted a different modulation of NK cell phenotype accordingg to envoronment which could impact the crossstalk NK-T celles. thus, these findings support a regulatory role of NK celles in adaptive immune responses
Tacelli, Nunzia. "Perfusion tumorale en TDM thoracique dynamique : application à l’évaluation de la néoangiogénèse des cancers broncho-pulmonaires non à petites cellules." Thesis, Lille 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL2S017.
Recent advances in molecular biology have dramatically accelerated our understanding of tumoral lesions and triggered development of novel targeted therapies. Among them, antiangiogenic drugs represent a promising strategy for non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). These agents are more cytostatic rather than cytotoxic, explaining the limitations of tumor response assessment based on morphological criteria, such as the RECIST criteria (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors). The purpose of this thesis was to investigate tumoral perfusion using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) CT, a novel technology enabling whole-tumor analysis with 64 slices per rotation. Our first study validated the pathological substratum of quantitative CT information on tumoral blood volume (BV) and capillary permeability (CP) in 15 NSCLC treated by surgery. Confident interpretation of CT data sets then allowed us to investigate changes in tumoral neovascularisation of NSCLC under chemotherapy. DEC-CT showed significant reduction in BV and CP of tumors treated by standard chemotherapy combined with antiangiogenic drugs (bevacizumab) (Group 1; n=17), not observed in tumors treated by standard chemotherapy alone (Group 2; n=23). In Group 1, the reduction in BV after one cycle of chemotherapy was significantly higher in responders than in non-responders (p=0.0128), response to treatment being only defined after 3 cycles of chemotherapy. DCE-CT can depict early changes in lung cancer vascularity, before tumour shrinkage, that may help predict response to antiangiogenic drugs
Jacot, William. "Intérêt des marqueurs tumoraux et analyse des profils d'expression protéique sériques en oncologie thoracique." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX20700.
Beffy, Céline. "Les cancers bronchopulmonaires : données fondamentales et prise en charge thérapeutique." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P200.