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Статті в журналах з теми "Positional effect"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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1

Yoon, Tae-Jin. "Positional Effects of Phonetic Substances: Final Prominence Effect over Frequency Effect*." Studies in Modern Grammar 77 (March 30, 2014): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14342/smog.2014.77.71.

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2

Chen, Yin, Yong Long, and Jianyin Bai. "Effect of Positional Embeddedness on Tour Supplier Integration: Chinese Evidence." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (October 17, 2019): 5741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205741.

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This article identifies the positional attributes of travel agents (TAs) in the extended TA network in Chongqing (China), and further examines the impact of the travel agent’s positional embeddedness (measured by three indicators: degree centrality, structural hole, and closeness centrality) on tour supplier integration (TSI). We applied the random permutations method (node-level) to test theoretical hypotheses based on a sample of 51 travel agents (TAs). It was found that the target travel agent’s positional embeddedness could positively accelerate the sustainable integration of tour suppliers and the travel agent’s structural hole attribute could significantly contribute to the TSI. The results indicated that a TA can strengthen control power by increasing the positional embeddedness to facilitate high efficiency supplier integration through which TAs can encourage the supplier development of sustainability (SDS) practices, and finally to upgrade the tourism supply chain (TSC) sustainability.

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3

Abdullah Alsalhi, Nadia Northway, Glyn Walsh, and Abd Elaziz Mohamed Elmadina. "The Effect of Color and Positional Noise on Reading Performance in Human Vision." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, B (February 18, 2021): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5729.

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BACKGROUND: Reading can be described as a complex cognitive process of decrypting signs to create meaning. Eventually, it is a way of language achievement, communication, and sharing information and ideas. Changing lighting and color are known to improve visual comfort and the perceptual difficulties that affect reading for those with poor vision. AIM: This study aims to investigate the effect of changing the wavelengths and different levels of positional noise on reading performance for participants with best-corrected distant visual acuity (BCVA) of 6/6 or better. METHODOLOGY: Twenty English speakers with BCVA 6/6 or better were asked to read words presented in a printed format. The stimuli were black print words in a horizontal arrangement on matte white card. They were degraded using positional noise produced by random vertical displacements of the letter position below or above the horizontal line on three levels. RESULTS: Introducing positional noise affected word recognition differently with different wavelengths. The role of short wavelength in enhancing orthographic reading and word recognition is clear – they reduce the effects of positional noise. The error rate and duration time have different effects with different wavelengths, even when positional noise is introduced. CONCLUSION: The reading rate is not affected by changing the wavelength of the light. However, the mean differences in wpm were affected by changing the wavelengths. Also, introducing positional noise affects word recognition differently with different wavelengths.

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4

Lambertini, Luca, and Raimondello Orsini. "Positional effects, product quality and regulation in duopoly." Recherches économiques de Louvain 71, no. 4 (2005): 367–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0770451800005686.

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SummaryWe investigate positional effects in a vertically differentiated duopoly, evaluated against the first best. Positional concerns distort the allocation of consumers across varieties, as well as the average quality. If the external effect is sufficiently relevant, the resulting welfare loss is increasing in the extent of the externality itself. The beneficial effect of regulation through a minimum quality standard is analysed.

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5

Best, Clayton. "Experience and Career Length in Professional Football: The Effect of Positional Segregation." Sociology of Sport Journal 4, no. 4 (December 1987): 410–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.4.4.410.

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This study examines positional segregation in light of recent data documenting the increased participation by black players in professional football and describes the relationships between positional segregation and experience and positional segregation and career length. The primary sample was composed of 1,508 professional football players from the 1982 season. A secondary sample of 1,371 professional football players was used to study career length. The results indicate that positional segregation is still prevalent in professional football. The recent increase in participation by black players has occurred in positions that have been primarily black in the past and at linebacker. Whites are likely to have more experience in professional football than blacks, which is explained in part by the positions in which blacks and whites are most likely to play.

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6

SPENCER, RICHARD P. "The 'Gourd Spleen' A Positional Effect." Clinical Nuclear Medicine 10, no. 7 (July 1985): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003072-198507000-00018.

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7

Suhas, Prashant Hosur, and Shelli Israelsen. "Interstate Rivalries and Expansions in Military Capacity." International Area Studies Review 25, no. 1 (November 23, 2021): 50–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/22338659211040289.

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This article addresses the scholarly debate on the relationship between interstate rivalry and military capacity. We draw on Tilly's bellicist theory of state formation in early modern Europe and Thies’ modifications to predatory theory, which prioritizes the role of interstate rivalry on state building, to explain variation in military capacity. We unpack the rivalry mechanism into spatial and positional rivalries and test how these two types of rivalry affect military capacity, and how positional rivalries affect military capacity in the long-term. Using time-series cross-sectional data analysis, we find that positional rivalries increase military capacity in the long term. Also, we find that spatial rivalry influences military capacity in the long-term, but its effects are uneven across indicators of military capacity, and it has a smaller effect on military capacity in comparison to positional rivalries. We conclude that not all types of rivalries have a uniform effect on military capacity and that competition over regional dominance, that is, positional rivalries, are the most impactful on military capacity. This study offers a more nuanced test of Tilly's bellicist theory and Thies’ modified predatory theory on state capacity.

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8

Li, Renwang, Wei Du, Dianlan Lu, Lingmei Dai, and Dehua Liu. "Study on the enzyme's 1,3-positional specificity during lipozyme TL-mediated biodiesel production." RSC Advances 5, no. 77 (2015): 62460–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra09432a.

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Effect of organic solvent on lipase's 1,3-positional specificity from a kinetics study. Effect of water activity on lipase's 1,3-positional specificity from a kinetics study. Molecular dynamics simulation to reveal the mechanism.

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9

Yang, Zhiling, Juanli Li, Zhenzhen Zhu, Jian He, Xudong Wei, and Min Xie. "Effect of vitamin D supplementation on benign paroxysmal positional vertigo recurrence: A meta-analysis." Science Progress 104, no. 2 (April 2021): 003685042110245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00368504211024569.

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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is characterized by recurrence, which exposes patients to repeated vertigo attacks. Vitamin D deficiency has been found to be a risk factor in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, although effect of its elimination on recurrence reduction remains unknown. To determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation in preventing recurrence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients with vitamin D deficiency using a meta-analysis study. We searched and retrieved relevant articles from several databases, then used the Cochrane evaluation system or Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) to assess the quality of studies. We adopted risk-ratio (RR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) to determine effect sizes, and further performed statistical analyses under a randomized- or fixed-effects model. Seven studies, comprising 602 and 731 participants in the case and control group respectively, met our inclusion criteria, and were therefore included in the meta-analysis. Assessment based on Cochrane evaluation system or MINORS revealed that most of the studies had high quality. Moreover, the randomized- model revealed that the vitamin D supplementation group had a lower recurrence rate than the control group which did not accepted vitamin D supplementation (RR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.26–0.65, p < 0.01). Overall, these findings indicate that vitamin D supplementation can significantly lower recurrence in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and vitamin D deficiency.

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10

Bell, Nicholas P., Kundandeep S. Nagi, Ricardo J. Cumba, Alice Z. Chuang, David A. Lee, Thomas C. Prager, Kavita Rao, and Robert M. Feldman. "Age and Positional Effect on the Anterior Chamber Angle: Assessment by Ultrasound Biomicroscopy." ISRN Ophthalmology 2013 (April 23, 2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/706201.

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Purpose. To investigate age- and position-related changes of anterior chamber angle anatomy in normal, healthy eyes. Patients and Methods. Thirty subjects were separated into a younger and older cohort. The superior and inferior anterior chamber angles of the eyes were measured in supine and sitting positions by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) with bag/balloon technology. Statistical analysis was used to evaluate positional and age-related changes in angle morphology. Results. In the younger cohort, no location or positional differences in angle anatomy were observed. In the older cohort, the inferior quadrant was significantly narrower than the superior quadrant (P=0.0186) in the supine position. This cohort also demonstrated an interaction effect between position and location. In the older cohort, the angle was deeper inferiorly while the subject was sitting but was deeper superiorly while the subject was supine. Conclusion. Comparison of positional variations in anterior chamber angle anatomy as measured by UBM has recently become possible. This study found that age-related positional changes in the anterior chamber angle anatomy exist in normal healthy eyes.

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11

Soper, Alan J., and Vitaly A. Strusevich. "Refined conditions for V-shaped optimal sequencing on a single machine to minimize total completion time under combined effects." Journal of Scheduling 23, no. 6 (November 2, 2019): 665–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10951-019-00628-4.

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AbstractWe address single-machine scheduling problems for which the actual processing times of jobs are subject to various effects, including a positional effect, a cumulative effect and their combination. We review the known results on the problems to minimize the makespan, the sum of the completion times and their combinations and identify the problems for which an optimal sequence cannot be found by simple priority rules such as Shortest Processing Time (SPT) and/or Longest Processing Time (LPT). Typically, these are problems to minimize the sum of the completion times under a deterioration effect, and we verify under which conditions for these problems an optimal permutation is V-shaped (an LPT subsequence followed by an SPT subsequence). We demonstrate that previously used techniques for proving that an optimal sequence is V-shaped are not properly justified. We use the corrected method to describe a wide range of problems with a pure positional effect and a combination of a cumulative effect with a positional effect for which an optimal sequence is V-shaped. On the other hand, we show that even the refined approach has its limitations.

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12

Lianidou, Theano, Ashley Lytle, and Maria Kakarika. "Deep-level dissimilarity and leader–member exchange (LMX) quality: the role of status." Journal of Managerial Psychology 37, no. 4 (December 24, 2021): 379–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmp-02-2021-0050.

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Purpose This study explores how status, demographic and positional, moderates the negative effect of deep-level dissimilarity on leader–member exchange (LMX) quality.Design/methodology/approach Data from three samples were analyzed using hierarchical linear regression and linear mixed-effects methods.Findings Results suggest that the negative effect of deep-level dissimilarity (perceived work-related attitude and perspective differences) on LMX quality is stronger when the LMX partner has low demographic status (e.g. the LMX partner is an African-American woman). This moderating effect was not significant when deep-level dissimilarity was extended to include differences in personality, interests and values. Results were mixed on whether low positional status (i.e. when the LMX partner is a member rather than a leader) strengthens the negative effect of deep-level dissimilarity on LMX quality.Practical implications This study may help leaders, organizational members and diversity managers better manage attitude and perspective dissimilarity in leader–member dyads.Originality/value This study expands research exploring interactive effects of dissimilarity and status on work-related outcomes. It is novel in that it explores status not in relative terms but at the societal level. It is also the first study to analyze the moderating effects of two types of status: demographic and positional.

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13

Yeh, Ying-Jung, and Huey-Wen Chou. "TEAM COMPOSITION AND LEARNING BEHAVIORS IN CROSS-FUNCTIONAL TEAMS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 33, no. 4 (January 1, 2005): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2005.33.4.391.

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This study examines the effects of two types of team diversity (functional and positional diversity) and team learning behaviors on the performance of cross-functional teams. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system implementation teams were selected for investigation because of their cross-functional characteristics. The study results indicate that team learning behaviors had a significant and consistently positive effect on team performance. Functional diversity had a negative effect on team satisfaction, while the effect of positional diversity was positive. Task and relational conflicts were also found to be negatively associated with team performance, but the results did not confirm the hypothesized mediating and moderating effect. Recommendations are provided to improve the effectiveness of cross-functional teams.

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14

Szalai, S., A. Koppán, and L. Szarka. "Effect of positional inaccuracies on multielectrode results." Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica Hungarica 43, no. 1 (March 2008): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/ageod.43.2008.1.3.

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15

Anick, D. J. "Positional Isotope Effect for the Water Tetramer." Computing Letters 1, no. 4 (March 6, 2005): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157404005776611411.

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Ab initio studies are carried out for the water tetramer with a single H replaced by D, (H2O)3(HDO). The isomer with D in a free position, H7DfO4, has ZPE 0.17 kcal/mol higher than the isomer with D in an H-bond, H7DbO4. The same ZPE difference is found for HbD7O4 vs HfD7O4. The difference may be large enough for a preference for H rather than D in a free position to be experimentally measurable. Exploration of the components of ZPE shows that the stretch component alone favors H7DfO4, but this is more than compensated by the bend and torsion components.

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16

Harris, Robert W. "The stimulus suffix effect and positional uncertainty." Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie 43, no. 1 (1989): 74–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0084210.

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17

Hwang, Sanghyun, and Kadir Nagac. "Social Status, Conspicuous Consumption Levies, and Distortionary Taxation." B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 15, no. 4 (October 1, 2015): 1705–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bejeap-2014-0046.

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AbstractThis paper explores the optimal tax structure in the presence of status effect. When the consumption of certain goods affects one’s social status, this creates an externality, which results in two opposite effects in a society. Seeking higher status through “positional goods” gives individuals much incentive to supply labor but still allocates income for less “nonpositional goods” as well. In this case, differentiated taxes on positional goods work as corrective instruments to internalize the social cost stemming from status seeking. Furthermore, the differentiated taxes generate revenue that can be used to alleviate preexisting income tax distortion. We develop a game-theoretic model in which each individual with different labor productivity unknown to the others engages in a status-seeking game, where government has a revenue requirement. Then we show that under a condition in which utility is separable between positional goods and leisure, a revenue-neutral shift in the tax mix away from nonlinear income taxes toward positional-good taxes enhances welfare. Hence, the differentiated taxes on positional goods are necessary together with the nonlinear income taxes for an optimal tax structure. Moreover, the differentiated taxes on positional goods could reduce the progressivity of the nonlinear income taxes, which is the case that can easily apply to practical use.

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18

Alsalhi, Abdullah, Nadia Northway, Glyn Walsh, and Abd Elaziz Mohamed Elmadina. "The Effect of Colors and Positional Noise on Reading Performance with Non-words-Part 2." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, B (April 22, 2021): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6014.

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BACKGROUND: Reading can be described as a complex cognitive process of decrypting signs to create meaning. Eventually, it is a way of language achievement, communication, and sharing of information and ideas. Changing lighting and color are known to improve visual comfort and the perceptual difficulties that affect reading for those with poor vision. AIM: The main objectives of the current study were to investigate the effect of changing the wavelengths and color with different levels of positional noise on reading performance with non-word for subjects with best-corrected distant visual acuity (BCVA) equal or better than 6/6. METHODOLOGY: In a cross-section interventional study, 20 English speakers were asked to read non-words presented in a printed format. The stimuli were black print words in a horizontal arrangement on a matte white card. They were degraded using positional noise produced by random vertical displacements of the letter position below or above the horizontal line on three levels. RESULTS: Introducing positional noise affected real and non-words recognition differently. The detrimental effects of positional noise with non-words on reading rate were not influenced by changes in wavelengths and color. The long-wavelength reading rate resulted in the lowest performance compared with other wavelengths with all levels of noise. CONCLUSION: Reading performance is affected by changes in the levels of positional noise. However, the reading rate is not affected by changes in wavelength and color with non-words. The long-wavelength reading rate resulted in the lowest performance compared with other wavelengths and color with all levels of noise.

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19

Dong, Yubao, Li Zhu, Bing Yin, Xinrui Zhu, and Dongfeng Li. "Regulating the magnetic properties of seven-coordinated Dy(iii) single-ion magnets through the effect of positional isomers on axial crystal-field." Dalton Transactions 50, no. 46 (2021): 17328–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1dt02925h.

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Six Dy(iii) SIMs based on positional isomerism strategy were synthesized. Their SMM properties are noteworthily modulated by positional isomerism of methoxyl group, which changed both local symmetry and electrostatic potential around the Dy(iii) ion.

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20

Oliven, A., and M. Odeh. "Effect of positional changes of anatomic structures on upper airway dilating muscle shortening during electro- and chemostimulation." Journal of Applied Physiology 101, no. 3 (September 2006): 745–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01462.2005.

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Positional changes of anatomic structures surrounding the upper airway are known to affect pharyngeal mechanics and collapsibility. We hypothesized that these alterations also affect the ability of the upper airway dilator muscles to enlarge the pharynx by altering their ability to shorten when activated. Using sonomicrometry, we evaluated in seven anesthetized dogs the effects of changes in tracheal and head position on the length of the genioglossus (GG) and the geniohyoid (GH) and the effects of these positional changes on the magnitude of shortening of the two muscles in response to electro- (ES) and chemostimulation (CS). Caudal traction of the trachea lengthened the GG and GH in all dogs, whereas cranial displacement of the trachea and flexion of the head to a vertical position shortened the muscles. Compared with the magnitude of ES-induced shortening in the neutral position, ES-induced shortening of the GG was 144.7 ± 14.6, 49.3 ± 4.3, and 33.5 ± 11.6% during caudal and cranial displacement of the trachea and during head flexion, respectively. Similar effects of the positional changes were found for the GH, as well as for both muscles during respiratory stimulation with Pco2 of 90 Torr at the end of CO2 rebreathing, although inspiratory muscle shortening during CS reached only one-quarter to one-third of the magnitude observed during ES. We conclude that positional alterations of anatomic structures in the neck have a dramatic effect on the magnitude of shortening of the activated GG and GH, which may reduce substantially their ability to protect pharyngeal patency.

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21

Rana, Anup, та Pradeepta K. Panda. "β-Tetrachlorotetramethoxyporphycenes: positional effect of substituents on structure and photophysical properties". Chemical Communications 51, № 61 (2015): 12239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc03867g.

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22

Dammalage, T. L. "The Effect of Multipath on Single Frequency C/A Code Based GPS Positioning." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8, no. 4 (August 18, 2018): 3270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2206.

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The differential GPS (DGPS) technique is one of the most popular and comparatively accurate techniques available to enhance the positioning accuracy by minimizing most of the common errors. However, the ultimate accuracy of the user location depends on the remaining non-common errors (multipath, receiver clock, and noise), which occur at the points of observation and reference. Out of these errors, multipath is the most dominant and challenging error to predict and minimize. Single frequency C/A code based GPS receivers are popular due to their comparatively low cost compared to dual frequency (L1/L2) GPS receivers. This paper focuses on evaluating the effect of multipath error on single frequency C/A code based GPS positioning. For the analysis, 72,000 continuous GPS observations with one-second interval under four different multipath environments were conducted by utilizing three geodetic GPS units. Accordingly, the observations with more than 5cm on the 2D positional error, created by the effected multipath, were always less than 25%. Here, an average of 16% of observations exceeded 20cm in 2D positional error. Further, it was noted that the presence of multipath introduces significantly higher and comparatively lower 3D positional errors on DGPS observations. This could be due to the compensation of negative and positive effects caused by the multipath and other remaining non-common mode errors at the reference and user stations. In addition, C/A code based single frequency GPS observations were significantly influenced by multipath, not only by the close-by reflectors but also by the ground surface. The effect of multipath was about 50% of the total 3D positional error for the four tested multipath environments.

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23

Ekbote, Anupama, Shaikh M. Mobin, and Rajneesh Misra. "Stimuli-responsive phenothiazine-based donor–acceptor isomers: AIE, mechanochromism and polymorphism." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 10 (2020): 3589–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc05192a.

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Stimuli responsive phenothiazine-based donor–acceptor (D–A) molecules were designed and synthesized as positional isomers p-PTZ, m-PTZ and o-PTZ. A comprehensive comparative study of the electronic and photophysical properties has been performed to study the effect of positional change.

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24

Chernetenko, Yu, and Yu Medvedev. "Parameters of dust jets in comet Encke’s coma." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 493, no. 4 (March 26, 2020): 5499–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa619.

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ABSTRACT Using 4412 positional observations, we compute eight single apparition orbits in the period 1993–2017. The analysis of the residuals of the orbit’s fit shows their systematic deviations around perihelia. We assume that these deviations in positional observations are a result of the dust emissions from a restricted area of the nucleus, and that the ejected dust particles contain a certain amount of ice. Additional sublimation of ice from particles causes a gas-rich effect when the comet is approaching the Sun. Another effect of the jet motion of particles is a shift of the centre of brightness in the direction of ejection. Taking these effects into account, we estimate the size of the dust particles (2–10 cm) containing $80{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ ice, dust velocities (1.8–2.6 m s−1), and the positions of active regions on the comet’s nucleus (cometocentric latitude from 55° to 74°). These estimates are based on the data for the residuals in the positional observations before the perihelia of the 1993, 2003, 2013 and 2017 apparitions.

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25

Hu, Bin, Demin Han, Yunchuan Li, Jingying Ye, Hongrui Zang, and Tong Wang. "Polysomnographic effect of nasal surgery on positional and non-positional obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea patients." Acta Oto-Laryngologica 133, no. 8 (May 13, 2013): 858–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016489.2013.782507.

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26

Kaplan, Aaron. "Overshoot in licensing-driven harmony." Phonology 36, no. 4 (November 2019): 605–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675719000319.

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Kaplan (2018a) argues for a positive and gradient version of positional licensing in Harmonic Grammar. A chief difference between this formalism and standard positional licensing is that it predicts that harmony whose goal is to place a feature in a licensing position may overshoot its target by extending beyond the licensing position. Centralisation harmony in Tudanca Montañés bears out this prediction: though harmony triggered by a final vowel typically stops at the stressed syllable, under particular circumstances it extends into the pretonic domain. Positive gradient positional licensing is indispensable in an account of this. It plays a central role in a gang effect that drives overshoot, an interaction that cannot be replicated with standard versions of positional licensing.

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27

Suzuki, Mamoru, Ryoji Tokashiki, Hiroyuki Hiramatsu, Asako Shimizu, Shigetaka Shimizu, and Taro Inagaki. "Clinical Effect of Canal Plugging on Positional Vertigo." Equilibrium Research 60, no. 1 (2001): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3757/jser.60.24.

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28

Mitchell, Ulrike H., Michael J. Wooden, and D. Michael McKeough. "The Short-Term Effect of Lumbar Positional Distraction." Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy 9, no. 4 (October 2001): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/106698101790819707.

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29

Cumming, Nick, Mike Page, and Dennis Norris. "Testing a positional model of the Hebb effect." Memory 11, no. 1 (January 2003): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/741938175.

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30

Gu, Jianyu, and Russell G. Congalton. "The Positional Effect in Soft Classification Accuracy Assessment." American Journal of Remote Sensing 7, no. 2 (2019): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajrs.20190702.13.

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31

Ma, Chi, and Pengfei Fan. "Effect of substrate type on langur positional repertoire." Global Ecology and Conservation 22 (June 2020): e00956. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e00956.

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32

Durst, Alessa K. "Education as a Positional Good? Evidence from the German Socio-Economic Panel." Social Indicators Research 155, no. 2 (January 24, 2021): 745–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-021-02619-5.

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Анотація:

AbstractPeople care about their relative standing in society and therefore compare themselves to relevant others. Empirical findings suggest that there are concerns for relative standing for different goods and life domains such as income, cars, attractiveness, and supervisor’s praise. Even education has been mentioned as having a (partially) positional character. However, there has been only small consideration of education as a positional good in the empirical literature so far. Based on the literature on positional concerns and the role of education on relative position, I use German panel data to investigate the relationship between education and life satisfaction beyond the effect education might have through other variables such as income, health, or occupational prestige. Additionally, I consider the possibility that the consumption of education is subject to positional concerns. I discover a positive relationship between education and life satisfaction, indicating that education has a consumption component. Moreover, the relationship depends on the distribution of particular levels of education, suggesting that education has a positional character.

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33

Sakuwa, Kentaro, and William R. Thompson. "On the origins, persistence and termination of spatial and positional rivalries in world politics: Elaborating a two-issue theory of conflict escalation." International Area Studies Review 22, no. 3 (May 13, 2019): 203–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2233865919846729.

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What drives the dynamics of rivalry? We propose a general explanation of why international rivalries originate, persist, and terminate. We argue that rivalries persist as long as contested issues are present. Rivalries tend to form between actors with spatial or positional disputes. As rivals cease disputing spatial or positional issues, they are less likely to maintain hostility or manifest overt conflict toward each other. Particularly focusing on the role of territorial issues, we test an issue-based explanation of rivalry processes utilizing an extended boundary dispute dataset. The empirical analysis reveals that the effect of territorial disputes is contingent on the type of rivalry. Spatial rivalries, as opposed to positional rivalries, tend to develop when there are boundary disputes. When these spatial disputes are resolved, spatial rivalries tend to end, while positional rivalries and “mixed” (both spatial and positional) rivalries are less affected by the absence of boundary disputes. Rivalries tend to be conflictual, but only as long as the relevant issues persist. Such results show the importance of contested issues driving the rivalry processes.

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34

van der Scheer-Horst, Ellis S., Peter Paul G. van Benthem, Tjasse D. Bruintjes, Roeland B. van Leeuwen, and Hester J. van der Zaag-Loonen. "The Efficacy of Vestibular Rehabilitation in Patients with Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 151, no. 5 (August 25, 2014): 740–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599814546479.

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Objective To systematically review the evidence on the effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation in addition to a canalith repositioning maneuver in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Data Sources A literature search was performed in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, and EMBASE databases. Review Methods A comprehensive search was performed up to July 2013. Two authors independently scanned the search results to identify randomized controlled trials of vestibular rehabilitation in addition to a canalith repositioning maneuver in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. We included trials that were available in the English language and did not apply publication year or publication status restrictions. Studies were methodologically assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Primary outcome was the effect on vertigo attacks and balance. Results Of 76 identified trials, only 2 trials fulfilled our inclusion criteria and were included in this review, involving 106 patients. One study was methodologically weak, the other strong. The studies differed in type of intervention, type of outcome, and follow-up time. Both studies reported no significant difference in the vertigo intensity between groups. A small effect was found on balance. Conclusion Two level II studies in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo showed no effect of vestibular rehabilitation in addition to a canalith repositioning maneuver on vertigo intensity and a small, beneficial effect on balance. We therefore conclude that there is no evidence for an effect of vestibular rehabilitation in addition to a canalith repositioning maneuver in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

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Schraml, Jan, Robert Brežný, Jan Čermák, and Václav Chvalovský. "29Si and 13C NMR spectra of some substituted bis(trimethylsiloxy)benzenes." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 55, no. 8 (1990): 2033–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19902033.

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NMR spectra of a few 4-substituted 1,2-bis(trimethylsiloxy)benzenes and positional isomers of bis(trimethylsiloxy)benzene were measured under standard conditions that approach those of infinite dilution. Under these conditions somewhat smaller values of steric or proximity deshielding effects on 29Si chemical shifts are found but the trends established earlier are confirmed; the deshielding effect of the ìsecondî ortho positioned trimethylsiloxy group in a tris(trimethylsiloxy)benzene derivative on 29Si chemical shifts is somewhat smaller. Also, overcrowding of three trimethylsiloxy groups probably drives the outer groups to assume, at least for a part of their time, coplanar conformation which is not encountered in bis(trimethylsiloxy) derivatives. The sensitivity of 29Si chemical shifts to para substitution is in 1,2-bis(trimethylsiloxy)benzenes equal to that in 2-methoxytrimethylsiloxybenzenes.

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36

Chang, Hung, Chou-Chin Lan, Hsian-He Hsu, Chin-Pyng Wu, Shih-Chun Lee, and Chung-Kan Peng. "Positive end-expiratory pressure attenuates positional effect after thoracotomy." Annals of Thoracic Medicine 9, no. 2 (2014): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1817-1737.128860.

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SUZUKI, Mamoru, Yasuo OGAWA, Koji OTSUKA, Hitoshi INOUE, Masato HIROI, and Daisuke TAKADA. "The Effect of Canal Plugging Evaluated by Positional Nystagmus." Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica 95, no. 10 (2002): 1017–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.95.1017.

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38

Lee, Kyung W. "Positional effect sound generation apparatus for electronic musical instrument." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 99, no. 2 (1996): 648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414616.

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39

Türker, Lemi. "The positional effect of dodecagonal holes on C56 structure." Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM 676, no. 1-3 (May 2004): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theochem.2004.01.045.

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40

Mookadam, F., T. A. Warsame, H. S. Yang, U. R. Emani, C. P. Appleton, and S. F. Raslan. "Effect of positional changes on inferior vena cava size." European Journal of Echocardiography 12, no. 4 (March 16, 2011): 322–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejechocard/jer018.

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41

王, 甜. "Positional Effect on Columella Cells of Arabidopsis Primary Roots." Botanical Research 09, no. 03 (2020): 262–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/br.2020.93031.

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42

Gu, Jianyu, and Russell G. Congalton. "Analysis of the Impact of Positional Accuracy When Using a Block of Pixels for Thematic Accuracy Assessment." Geographies 1, no. 2 (September 18, 2021): 143–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geographies1020009.

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Анотація:

Pixels, blocks (i.e., grouping of pixels), and polygons are the fundamental choices for use as assessment units for validating per-pixel image classification. Previous research conducted by the authors of this paper focused on the analysis of the impact of positional accuracy when using a single pixel for thematic accuracy assessment. The research described here provided a similar analysis, but the blocks of contiguous pixels were chosen as the assessment unit for thematic validation. The goal of this analysis was to assess the impact of positional errors on the thematic assessment. Factors including the size of a block, labeling threshold, landscape characteristics, spatial scale, and classification schemes were also considered. The results demonstrated that using blocks as an assessment unit reduced the thematic errors caused by positional errors to under 10% for most global land-cover mapping projects and most remote-sensing applications achieving a half-pixel registration. The larger the block size, the more the positional error was reduced. However, there are practical limitations to the size of the block. More classes in a classification scheme and higher heterogeneity increased the positional effect. The choice of labeling threshold depends on the spatial scale and landscape characteristics to balance the number of abandoned units and positional impact. This research suggests using the block of pixels as an assessment unit in the thematic accuracy assessment in future applications.

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43

Shrestha, Bikash, and Manisha Munikar. "Effectiveness Of Positional Stretching Of Coracohumeral Ligament In Addition To Ultrasound In Patient With Adhesive Capsulitis." Nepal Medical Journal 2, no. 1 (August 1, 2019): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37080/nmj.38.

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Introduction: Adhesive capsulitis is an idiopathic condition of the shoulder characterized by onset of pain and movement restriction and symptoms can last up to 2 years and longer. The primary goal of intervention is to improve ROM, pain and decrease disability. The objective of the study is to determine the combined effect of positional stretching of coracohumeral ligament and ultrasound therapy in patient with adhesive capsulitis. Methods: 30 subjects were included in the study. Each subjectwas assigned into two groups. One group was treated with ultrasound followed by positional coracohumeral ligament stretching and another group was treated with ultrasound only. The duration of treatment was 3 to 4 weeks (10- 12 sessions) in both groups. Primary outcome measure included ROM and SPADI. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement but in comparison of two groups, group A (ultrasound followed by positional CHL stretching) was more effective than group B (ultrasound only). Conclusions: Addition of Positional coracohumeral ligament stretching and ultrasound is effective than ultrasound only in decreasing pain and improving ROM in Adhesive capsulitis. Keywords: Adhesive capsulitis; Coracohumeral ligament; Positional stretching; ultrasound

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44

Muragod, Anil R., and Sanjiv Kumar. "THE EFFECT OF POSTURAL RESTRICTIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF BENIGN PAROXYSMAL POSITIONAL VERTIGO: RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL." International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research 5, no. 3 (June 11, 2017): 2051–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijpr.2016.157.

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45

Boardman, Darren, Maria M. Raciti, and Meredith Lawley. "Outperformed: how the envy reflex influences status seeking service consumers’ engagement." Journal of Service Theory and Practice 28, no. 6 (November 12, 2018): 752–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstp-08-2018-0179.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assist service management academics and providers of positional services (i.e. services that provide status attainment benefits to consumers) to better understand how the envy reflex of outperformed consumers operates as an endemic emotional theme that, if properly managed, can be harnessed to improve consumer engagement outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThe objectives of the research were addressed via two quantitative studies. In a preliminary descriptive study, the types of services consumers classify as “positional” were identified (n=351) and a measure of consumer perceived positional value was developed (n=179). In the main study, a 2 × 2 between-subjects quasi-experimental design was adopted using a sample of positional service consumers (n=265) with the data analysed via SEM and two-way MANCOVA.FindingsThe main study found a significant mediation effect of the envy reflex on the relationship between consumer perceived positional value and the overall likelihood of an engagement intention for outperformed positional service consumers. In addition, specific engagement intentions were predicted for outperformed consumers with a high envy reflex after considering how deserving they perceived a superior performer to be.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the burgeoning scholarly interest in the envy reflex as a consumption emotion by demonstrating its influence on consumer engagement outcomes. The research also demonstrates how tactics informed by appraisal theories of emotion can be used to manage endemic emotional themes in service environments to improve engagement outcomes.

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Ramya, N. K., C. Femina, Suganya Suresh, Divya S. Mohanakumari, Retheesh Krishnan, and Reji Thomas. "Dicyanodistyrylbenzene based positional isomers: a comparative study of AIEE and stimuli responsive multicolour fluorescence switching." New Journal of Chemistry 46, no. 3 (2022): 1339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nj04489c.

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47

Roulston, Barrie W., Matt W. Self, and Semir Zeki. "Perceptual compression of space through position integration." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 273, no. 1600 (June 28, 2006): 2507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3616.

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The mechanism of positional localization has recently been debated due to interest in the flash-lag effect, which occurs when a briefly flashed stationary stimulus is perceived to lag behind a spatially aligned moving stimulus. Here we report positional localization observed at motion offsets as well as at onsets. In the ‘flash-lead’ effect, a moving object is perceived to be behind a spatially concurrent stationary flash before the two disappear. With ‘reverse-repmo’, subjects mis-localize the final position of a moving bar in the direction opposite to the trajectory of motion. Finally, we demonstrate that simultaneous onset and offset effects lead to a perceived compression of visual space. By characterizing illusory effects observed at motion offsets as well as at onsets, we provide evidence that the perceived position of a moving object is the result of an averaging process over a short time period, weighted towards the most recent positions. Our account explains a variety of motion illusions, including the compression of moving shapes when viewed through apertures.

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48

Joh, Yoonbin A., Yuri H. Kwon, Shambhavi Tannir, Brian M. Leonard, Jan Kubelka, Krisztina Varga, and Milan Balaz. "The effect of molecular isomerism on the induced circular dichroism of cadmium sulfide quantum dots." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 9, no. 48 (2021): 17483–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tc04496f.

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We studied CdS QDs capped with chiral epimers, structural analogs, and positional isomers and determined that match/mismatch stereo-effects together with position and type of functional group affect the optical and chiroptical properties of CdS.

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49

Liu, Chunlai, and Chuanhui Xiong. "Single machine resource allocation scheduling problems with deterioration effect and general positional effect." Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 18, no. 3 (2021): 2562–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2021130.

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50

Oniwa, Kazuaki, Hiromasa Kikuchi, Hidekazu Shimotani, Susumu Ikeda, Naoki Asao, Yoshinori Yamamoto, Katsumi Tanigaki, and Tienan Jin. "2-Positional pyrene end-capped oligothiophenes for high performance organic field effect transistors." Chemical Communications 52, no. 26 (2016): 4800–4803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc00948d.

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A new co-oligomer BPy2T with two 2-positional pyrenes as terminal groups and bithiophene as a central unit showed a high hole mobility of 3.3 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ in a single crystal field effect transistor.

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