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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Porous carbon matrice"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Porous carbon matrice"

Kim, Hyun-Chul, and Seong Huh. "Porous Carbon-Based Supercapacitors Directly Derived from Metal–Organic Frameworks." Materials 13, no. 18 (September 22, 2020): 4215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13184215.

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Numerously different porous carbons have been prepared and used in a wide range of practical applications. Porous carbons are also ideal electrode materials for efficient energy storage devices due to their large surface areas, capacious pore spaces, and superior chemical stability compared to other porous materials. Not only the electrical double-layer capacitance (EDLC)-based charge storage but also the pseudocapacitance driven by various dopants in the carbon matrix plays a significant role in enhancing the electrochemical supercapacitive performance of porous carbons. Since the electrochemical capacitive activities are primarily based on EDLC and further enhanced by pseudocapacitance, high-surface carbons are desirable for these applications. The porosity of carbons plays a crucial role in enhancing the performance as well. We have recently witnessed that metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) could be very effective self-sacrificing templates, or precursors, for new high-surface carbons for supercapacitors, or ultracapacitors. Many MOFs can be self-sacrificing precursors for carbonaceous porous materials in a simple yet effective direct carbonization to produce porous carbons. The constituent metal ions can be either completely removed during the carbonization or transformed into valuable redox-active centers for additional faradaic reactions to enhance the electrochemical performance of carbon electrodes. Some heteroatoms of the bridging ligands and solvate molecules can be easily incorporated into carbon matrices to generate heteroatom-doped carbons with pseudocapacitive behavior and good surface wettability. We categorized these MOF-derived porous carbons into three main types: (i) pure and heteroatom-doped carbons, (ii) metallic nanoparticle-containing carbons, and (iii) carbon-based composites with other carbon-based materials or redox-active metal species. Based on these cases summarized in this review, new MOF-derived porous carbons with much enhanced capacitive performance and stability will be envisioned.

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Nazhipkyzy, Meruyert, Tolganay Temirgaliyeva, Aizhan A. Zhaparova, Araylim Nurgain, Bakhytzhan T. Lesbayev, Zulkhair A. Mansurov, and Nikolay G. Prikhodko. "Synthesis of Porous Carbon Material and its Use for Growing Carbon Nanotubes." Materials Science Forum 886 (March 2017): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.886.32.

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The scales of porous carbon materials usage are constrained by their considerably high cost. Therefore, development of new methods for production of porous carbon with the necessary complex of properties from cheap raw materials is actual. Also, porous carbon materials can be used for growth of carbon nanotubes as a matrices of catalyst particles. Herein, the method of fabrication porous carbon materials from waste of oil industry and their use as a matrices of catalyst particles to growth of CNT was developed. CNTs was synthesized by CVD using as hydrocarbon source - propan-butane gas mixture, as catalyst - Ni particles at 650°C, 700°C, 750°C, 800°C. Obtained carbon materials was investigated by Raman spectroscopy and by scanning electron microscope. Investigations on the properties of the obtained porous materials show soot particles sedimented in pores reduce well nanoparticles of metals from salts which act as nuclei for the growth of multiwall carbon nanotubes during pyrolysis of hydrocarbons by CVD method.

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Li, Mian, Xiaotian Liu, Yueping Xiong, Xiangjie Bo, Yufan Zhang, Ce Han, and Liping Guo. "Facile synthesis of various highly dispersive CoP nanocrystal embedded carbon matrices as efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 8 (2015): 4255–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta06630h.

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Yang, Wen, Li Li, Yongzhao Hou, Yun Liu, and Xinwei Xiao. "Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption of SiOC/Porous Carbon Composites." Materials 15, no. 24 (December 12, 2022): 8864. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15248864.

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Carbon-based materials have been widely explored as electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing materials with specific surface areas and low density. Herein, novel porous carbon/SiOC ceramic composites materials (porous C/sp-SiOC) were prepared from the binary mixture, which used the low cost pitch as carbon resource and the polysilylacetylene (PSA) as SiOC ceramic precursor. With the melt-blending-phase separation route, the PSA resin formed micro-spheres in the pitch. Then, numerous SiOC ceramic micro-spheres were generated in porous carbon matrices during the pyrolysis process. By changing the percent of SiOC, the microstructure and wave absorption of porous C/sp-SiOC composites could be adjusted. The synergistic effect of the unique structure, the strong interfacial polarization, and the optimized impedance matching properties contributed to the excellent absorption performance of porous C/sp-SiOC composites. The minimum reflection loss for porous C/sp-SiOC absorber reached −56.85 dB, and the widest effective bandwidth was more than 4 GHz with a thickness of only 1.39 mm. This presented research provides an innovative and practical approach to developing high-performance porous carbon-based microwave absorption materials from green chemistry.

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Zaarour, Moussa, Jurjen Cazemier, and Javier Ruiz-Martínez. "Recent developments in the control of selectivity in hydrogenation reactions by confined metal functionalities." Catalysis Science & Technology 10, no. 24 (2020): 8140–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cy01709d.

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Confining metal active species in the voids of porous solid matrices such as zeolites, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can bring fascinating key advantages in the field of selective hydrogenation reactions.

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Pinsky, Dina, Noam Ralbag, Ramesh Kumar Singh, Meirav Mann-Lahav, Gennady E. Shter, Dario R. Dekel, Gideon S. Grader, and David Avnir. "Metal nanoparticles entrapped in metal matrices." Nanoscale Advances 3, no. 15 (2021): 4597–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1na00315a.

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Metallic nanoparticles have been traditionally dispersed on ceramics and carbons, but never on porous metals. Methods for the preparation of such materials are described, and catalysis is demonstrated for reductions and for H₂ electro-oxidation.

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Fraczek-Szczypta, Aneta, Ewa Stodolak-Zych, Szymon Jurdziak, and Marta Blazewicz. "Polymer Nanocomposite Scaffolds Modified with Carbon Nanotubes for Tissue Regeneration." Materials Science Forum 714 (March 2012): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.714.245.

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Among the many applications of polylactide (PLA) in medicine, one of the most famous is porous scaffold for bone and cartilage regeneration. A new direction in the development of biodegradable polymer scaffolds is their modification using different types of nanoadditives. One type of these nanomaterials could be carbon nanotubes (CNT), which could influence the mechanical, electrical, physicochemical and biological properties of polymer matrices. Porous nanocomposite scaffolds were prepared using different techniques, such as salt leaching and a combination of salt leaching and gas foaming techniques. The bioactivity of MWCNTs was determined through their incubation in simulated body fluid (SBF) and verified using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The best concentration of nanoadditives in the polymer matrices was evaluated on the basis of mechanical and in vitro tests of nanocomposite films using a universal testing machine (Zwick) and osteoblast-like human cells (MG63). The morphology, porosity and mechanical properties of the porous scaffold before and after modification with MWCNTs were evaluated using SEM, hydrostatic weighing and a universal test machine.

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Fu, Yun, Zhian Zhang, Xing Yang, Yongqin Gan, and Wei Chen. "ZnS nanoparticles embedded in porous carbon matrices as anode materials for lithium ion batteries." RSC Advances 5, no. 106 (2015): 86941–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra15108b.

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In situ synthesis of a novel zinc sulfide/porous carbon composite is achieved by virtue of the metal–organic frameworks strategy. The composite exhibits significant electrochemical performance as an anode material for lithium ion batteries.

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Sleptsov, V. V., L. V. Kozitov, A. O. Diteleva, D. Yu Kukushkin, and A. A. Nagaev. "A new generation of nanocomposite materials based on carbon and titanium for use in supercapacitor energy storage devices." Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Materialy Elektronnoi Tekhniki = Materials of Electronics Engineering 22, no. 3 (January 19, 2020): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1609-3577-2019-3-212-218.

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In this paper, promising nanocomposite materials based on carbon and titanium are considered. It is shown that the use of a highly porous matrix is of particular interest. Materials based on such matrices have minimal weight and high strength characteristics. The paper also describes composites based on porous carbon fibers with metal oxides. The directions for producing composites can be divided into three types: matrix method, coating of finished nanoparticles with an inert shell, and the formation of nanoparticles and matrices in one process. The coating of nanoparticles with an inert shell prevents their oxidation and preserves the necessary magnetic properties. When using methods such as IR pyrolysis, arc evaporation forms third-party metal-carbon phases that pollute the resulting material. To avoid this, reducing agents are used, for example, hydrogen when coking nanoparticles in a methane plasma current restores metal particles from its Sol-gel and prevents them from reacting with carbon. But with this method, it is difficult to control the particle size. Using a ready-made matrix allows you to control the size of nanoparticles. However, this method uses high temperatures, and sometimes hydrogen, which complicates the production process. The main problem in the field of nanocomposites is the search for more technological, simple, cheap and environmentally friendly methods for obtaining nanocomposites with high performance characteristics. The developed technology for forming the pore space of the initial carbon matrix does not have the above disadvantages. This technology has a simple, cheap, environmentally friendly design. high temperatures are not used in the process of producing nanocomposites and third-party metal-carbon phases are not formed. The resulting nanocomposite materials were used as electrodes for ultra-high-volume capacitor structures. When studying the capacitance and electrical characteristics of samples, it was found that the formation of metal on a porous carbon matrix can significantly reduce the internal resistance of the cell and increase the specific energy consumption.

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Kubota, Yuki, Toshiki Fujita, Yusei Kaneda, Ryo Inoue, and Yasuo Kogo. "Thermal Protection Performance of Porous Carbon Ablators with Three Different Matrices." Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets 55, no. 5 (September 2018): 1222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.a34234.

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Дисертації з теми "Porous carbon matrice"

Sato, Hiroshi. "Strength of metallurgical coke in relation to fissure formation." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8350.

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The size distribution and strength of metallurgical coke are factors vital for the steady and high-efficiency operation of a blast furnace, since these factors govern stack penneability. Coke strength influences the size of lump coke not only because of size degradation by impact and abrasion during transfer to and descent in the blast furnace, but also because of its influence on the fracture which takes place in the coke layer during carbonisation and the effect this has on the initial mean size and size distribution of the feed coke. Therefore, the elucidation of the relationship between coke strength and the fissure fonnation phenomena is significant. In this study, therefore, the coke strength development during carbonisation has been examined in conjunction with various parameters, such as the degree of carbonisation of the coal, namely the extent or fraction of pyrolytic reaction, and the degree of graphitisation of the coke, as well as carbonisation temperature and heating regime. The porous structure of coke has also been examined with a view to establishing a relation between the porous structure and the coking properties of the coal carbonised. The quality of coke porous structure was evaluated by parameters introduced in this study, i.e., the pore size distribution and pore rugosity factors. A poor porous structure is shown to be associated with high proportion of small pores and pores with a rough surface. These features are considered to stem from poor coking properties and the consequent poor adhesion between coal particles. An attempt has also been made to establish a mathematical model capable of predicting the degree of fissuring of coke during carbonisation by utilising the understandings obtained in this study of the coke strength development during carbonisation and the effect of coal properties on coke strength. Coke samples large enough to facilitate the observation of the degree of fissuring in relation to various coal properties and heating conditions, were made to evaluate the mathematical model and introduce the concept. The concept that fissuring takes place when developing thennal stress exceeds the developing coke strength is demonstrated to be capable to evaluate the effects of coal properties and heating conditions on the degree of fissuring observed.

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Törnkvist, Anna. "Aspects of Porous Graphitic Carbon as Packing Material in Capillary Liquid Chromatography." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Analytical Chemistry, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3306.

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In this thesis, porous graphitic carbon (PGC) has been used as packing material in packed capillary liquid chromatography. The unique chromatographic properties of PGC has been studied in some detail and applied to different analytical challenges using both electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and ultra violet (UV) absorbance detection.

The crucial importance of disengaging the conductive PGC chromatographic separation media from the high voltage mass spectrometric interface has been shown. In the absence of a grounded point between the column and ESI emitter, a current through the column was present, and changed retention behaviors for 3-O-methyl-DOPA and tyrosine were observed. An alteration of the chromatographic properties was also seen when PGC was chemically oxidized with permanganate, possibly due to an oxidation of the few surface groups present on the PGC material.

The dynamic adsorption of the chiral selector lasalocid onto the PGC support resulted in a useful and stable chiral stationary phase. Extraordinary enantioselectivity was observed for 1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine, and enantioseparation was also achieved for other amines, amino acids, acids and alcohols.

Finally, a new strategy for separation of small biologically active compounds in plasma and brain tissue has been developed. With PGC as stationary phase it was possible to utilize a mobile phase of high content of organic modifier, without the addition of ion-pairing agents, and still selectively separate the analytes.

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Bryan, Nicholas James. "PEBAX-based mixed matrix membranes for post-combustion carbon capture." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31239.

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Polymeric membranes exhibit a trade-off between permeability and selectivity in gas separations which limits their viability as an economically feasible post-combustion carbon capture technology. One approach to improve the separation properties of polymeric membranes is the inclusion of particulate materials into the polymer matrix to create what are known as mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). By combining the polymer and particulate phases, beneficial properties of both can be seen in the resulting composite material. One of the most notable challenges in producing mixed matrix membranes is in the formation of performance-hindering defects at the polymer-filler interface. Non-selective voids or polymer chain rigidification are but two non-desirable effects which can be observed. The material selection and synthesis route are key to minimising these defects. Thin membranes are also highly desirable to achieve greater gas fluxes and improved economical separation processes. Hence smaller nano-sized particles are of particular interest to minimise the disruption to the polymer matrix. This is a challenge due to the tendency of some small particles to form agglomerations. This work involved introducing novel nanoscale filler particles into PEBAX MH1657, a commercially available block-copolymer consisting of poly(ethylene oxide) and nylon 6 chains. Poly(ether-b-amide) materials possess an inherently high selectivity for the CO2/N2 separation due to polar groups in the PEO chain but suffer from low permeabilities. Mixed matrix membranes were fabricated with PEBAX MH1657 primarily using two filler particles, nanoscale ZIF-8 and novel nanoscale MCM-41 hollow spheres. This work primarily investigated the effects of the filler loading on both the morphology and gas transport properties of the composite materials. The internal structure of the membranes was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the gas transport properties determined using a bespoke time-lag gas permeation apparatus. ZIF-8 is a zeolitic imidazolate framework which possesses small pore windows that may favour CO2 transport over that of N2. ZIF-8-PEBAX membranes were successfully synthesised up to 7wt.%. It was found that for filler loadings below 5wt.%, the ZIF-8 was well dispersed within the polymer phase. At these loadings modest increases in the CO2 permeability coeffcient of 0-20% compared to neat PEBAX were observed. Above this 5wt.% loading large increases in both CO2, N2 and He permeability coeffcients coincided with the presence of large micron size clusters formed of hundreds of filler ZIF-8 particles. The increases in permeability were attributed to voids observed within the clusters. MCM-41 is a metal organic framework that has seen notable interest in the field of carbon capture, due to its tunable pore size and ease of functionalisation. Two types of novel MCM-41 hollow sphere (MCM-41-HS) of varying pore size were incorporated into PEBAX and successfully used to fabricate MMMs up to 10wt.%. SEM showed the MCM-41 generally interacted well with the polymer with no signs of voids and was generally well dispersed. However, some samples of intermediate loading in both cases showed highly asymmetric distribution of nanoparticles and high particle density regions near one external face of the membrane which also showed the highest CO2 permeability coeffcients. It is suspected that these high permeabilities are due to the close proximity of nanoparticles permitting these regions to act in a similar way to percolating networks. It was determined that there was no observable effect of the varying pore size which was expected given the transport in the pores should be governed by Knudsen diffusion.

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Magnant, Jérôme. "Composites fibreux denses à matrice céramique autocicatrisante élaborés par des procédés hybrides." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14105/document.

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L'élaboration de composites à matrice céramique denses et à fibres continues multidirectionnelles par de nouveaux procédés hybrides a été étudiée. Les procédés développés reposent sur le dépôt d'interphases autour des fibres par Infiltration Chimique en phase Vapeur (CVI) puis sur l'introduction de poudres céramiques au sein de préformes fibreuses par infusion de suspensions aqueuses colloïdales concentrées et stables, et enfin sur la consolidation des préformes soit par frittage flash, soit par imprégnation réactive de métaux liquides.La consolidation des composites par frittage flash est très rapide (palier de maintien en température inférieure à 5 minutes) et permet d'obtenir des composites denses. Durant le frittage, la dégradation des fibres de carbone a pu être évitée en adaptant le cycle de pression afin de limiter l'évolution des gaz au sein du système.La densification totale des composites par imprégnation de métaux liquides a été obtenue en contrôlant attentivement les paramètres d'imprégnation afin d'éviter de piéger des espèces gazeuses au sein des préformes fibreuses.Les composites à fibres de carbone consolidés par frittage flash ou par imprégnation réactive de métaux liquide possèdent un comportement mécanique de type élastique endommageable ainsi qu'une contrainte à rupture en flexion voisine de 300 MPa. Ces composites ont montré leur capacité à s'autocicatriser dans des conditions oxydantes. Comparés aux composites à matrice céramiques élaborés par CVI, les composites densifiés par imprégnation de métaux liquide sont eux parfaitement denses et ont un comportement mécanique en traction à température ambiante similaire avec notamment une contrainte à rupture en traction de 220 MPa
The fabrication of multidirectional continuous carbon fibers reinforced dense self healing Ceramic Matrix Composites by new short time hybrid processes was studied. The processes developed are based, first, on the deposition of fiber interphase and coating by chemical vapor infiltration, next, on the introduction of ceramic powders into the fibrous preform by Slurry Impregnation and, finally, on the densification of the composite by liquid-phase Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) or by Reactive Melt Infiltration of silicon (RMI).The homogeneous introduction of the ceramic particles into the multidirectional fiber preforms was realized by slurry impregnation from highly concentrated (> 32 %vol.) and well dispersed aqueous colloid suspensions. The densification of the composites by spark plasma sintering was possible with a short (< 5 minutes) dwelling period in temperature. The chemical degradation of the carbon fibers during the fabrication was prevented by adapting the sintering pressure cycle to inhibit gas evolution inside the system. The composites elaborated are dense. The fully densification of the composites by RMI was realised by carefully controlling the impregnation parameters to avoid to entrap some gaseous species inside the fiber preforms. Our carbon fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites processed by Spark Plasma Sintering or Reactive Melt Infiltration have a damageable mechanical behaviour with a room temperature bending stress at failure around 300 MPa and have shown their ability to self-healing in oxidizing conditions. Compared to the CMC processed by CVI, the composites processed with a final consolidation step by RMI are fully dense and have a similar room temperature tensile test behaviour with an ultimate tensile stress around 220 MPa

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Reuge, Nicolas. "Modélisation globale de l'infiltration chimique en phase vapeur (CVI) et étude de la chimie du dépôt de pyrocarbone en CVD/CVI." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003765.

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Ce mémoire est consacré à la modélisation de l'infiltration chimique en phase vapeur (CVI), procédé utilisé pour la fabrication des composites thermostructuraux et en particulier les carbone-carbone (C/C). Il s'articule autour de deux axes : le premier concerne la mise au point d'un outil de simulation globale du procédé, c'est-à-dire à l'échelle d'un four, et le second la détermination d'un modèle chimique apte à décrire de manière réaliste le dépôt de pyrocarbone et suffisamment simple pour être utilisé dans une simulation globale. La modélisation globale inclut une description mathématique détaillée des phénomènes de transfert de masse (convection et diffusion multicomposant) et de chaleur, des réactions chimiques homogènes et hétérogènes, et des relations d'interface entre les milieux libre (le four) et poreux (la préforme). Un outil de simulation globale a ensuite été développé avec une résolution en couplage faible (milieu libre / milieu poreux). Les potentialités de cette approche quantitative sont mises en valeur à travers une étude de modélisation de la CVI du carbure de silicium, avec variation des paramètres débit de gaz réactif et diamètre de réacteur. Un modèle chimique du dépôt de pyrocarbone à partir du précurseur propane, comprenant deux espèces légères moyennes conduisant au pyrocarbone laminaire lisse et une espèce moyenne plus lourde (HAP) conduisant au pyrocarbone laminaire rugueux, est ensuite proposé. Il reproduit les résultats expérimentaux de dépôt CVD. Pour l'identifier également en CVI, des milieux poreux modèles constitués d'un empilement quasi-compact de filaments ont été élaborés, densifiés et caractérisés. Il a été nécessaire d'affiner le modèle chimique pour que le calcul reproduise ces résultats expérimentaux de CVI. Enfin, la comparaison entre les résultats d'expériences de CVD et CVI acquises dans diverses conditions et le cadre de modélisation a permis de mieux interpréter ceux-ci. Ainsi, l'existence d'un nouveau mode de dépôt de pyrocarbone fortement anisotrope a été confirmée.

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Частини книг з теми "Porous carbon matrice"

Peichl, Jonas, Andreas Schwab, Markus Selzer, Hannah Böhrk, and Jens von Wolfersdorf. "Innovative Cooling for Rocket Combustion Chambers." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 51–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53847-7_3.

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Abstract Transpiration cooling in combination with permeable ceramic-matrix composite materials is an innovative cooling method for rocket engine combustion chambers, while providing high cooling efficiency as well as enhancing engine life time as demanded for future space transportation systems. In order to develop methods and tools for designing transpiration cooled systems, fundamental experimental investigations were performed. An experimental setup consisting of a serial arrangement of four porous carbon fiber reinforced carbon (C/C) samples is exposed to a hot gas flow. Perfused with cold air, the third sample is unperfused in order to assess the wake flow development over the uncooled sample as well as the rebuilding of the coolant layer. Hereby, the focus is on the temperature boundary layer, using a combined temperature/pitot probe. Additionally, the sample surface temperature distribution was measured using IR imaging. The experiments are supported by numerical simulations which are showing a good agreement with measurement data for low blowing ratios.

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Park, M. J., H. J. Song, B. S. Lee, J. S. Jang, M. S. Hong, and J. C. Lee. "Properties of Porous Si/SiC Fiber Composites Prepared by Infiltrating Carbon Fiber Composites with Liquid Silicon." In High Temperature Ceramic Matrix Composites, 341–46. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527605622.ch54.

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A. Dobrzański, Leszek. "Advanced Composites with Aluminum Alloys Matrix and Their Fabrication Processes." In Advanced Aluminium Composites and Alloys [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98677.

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This chapter introduces advanced aluminum alloy matrix composites and their manufacturing processes. In the beginning, the state of the art is characterized and the general characteristics of aluminum and its practical applications are presented, starting with the history of aluminum. The current approximate distribution of bauxite resources in the world and the production of bauxite and alumina in the leading countries of the world, as well as the production of primary and secondary aluminum and the range of aluminum end products, are presented. Aluminum alloys intended for plastic deformation and castings, and composite materials in general and with a matrix of aluminum alloys in particular, have been characterized in general. Against this background, a detailed review of the results of the Author’s own research included in numerous projects and own publications on advanced composite materials, their production technology, their structure, and properties were done. The range of aluminum alloy matrices of composite materials was adequately characterized, which include AlSi12, AlSi7Mg0.3, AlMg1SiCu, AlMg3, AlMg5, and AlMg9, respectively. Composite materials tested in terms of manufacturing technology include three groups. The first group includes gas pressure infiltration with liquid aluminum alloys of suitably formed porous preforms. Porous frameworks as a reinforcement for pressure-infiltrated composite materials with a matrix of aluminum alloys are produced by three methods. Al2O3 powder with the addition of 30–50% carbon fibers is uniaxially pressed, sintered, and heated to thermally degrade the carbon fibers and create the required pore sizes. In the second case, the ceramic porous skeleton is produced with the use of halloysite nanotubes HNTs by mechanical milling, press consolidation, and sintering. A third method is SLS selective laser sintering using titanium powders. Another group of manufacturing technologies is the mechanical synthesis of the mixture of AlMg1SiCu aluminum alloy powder and respectively, halloysite nanotubes HNTs in a volume fraction from 5 to 15% or multi-wall carbon nanotubes MWCNTs in a volume fraction from 0.5 to 5%, and subsequent consolidation involving plastic deformation. The third group of analyzed materials concerns composite surface layers on substrates of aluminum alloys produced by laser feathering of WC/W2C or SiC carbides. The structure and properties of the mentioned composite materials with aluminum alloys matrices are described in detail. The chapter summary provides final remarks on the importance of advanced aluminum alloy composite materials in industrial development. The importance of particular groups of engineering materials in the history and the development of the methodology for the selection of engineering materials, including the current stage of Materials 4.0, was emphasized. The importance of material design in engineering design is emphasized. Concepts of the development of societies were presented: Society 5.0 and Industry 4.0. The own concept of a holistic model of the extended Industry 4.0 was presented, taking into account advanced engineering materials and technological processes. Particular attention was paid to the importance of advanced composite materials with an aluminum alloy matrix in the context of the current stage of Industry 4.0 of the industrial revolution. Growth in the production of aluminum, its alloys, and composites with its matrix was compared with that of steel. Despite the 30 times less production, aluminum is important due to its lower density. The challenges posed by the development in the Industry 4.0 stage, including the expectations of the automotive and aviation industry, force constant progress in the development of new materials with the participation of aluminum, including the composite materials with an aluminum alloy matrix presented in this chapter.

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Zhang, Weigang, Changming Xie, Min Ge, and Xi Wei. "C/C-ZrB2-ZrC-SiC Composites Derived from Polymeric Precursor Infiltration and Pyrolysis Part I." In MAX Phases and Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics for Extreme Environments, 413–34. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4066-5.ch013.

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Two-dimensional C/C-ZrB2-ZrC-SiC composites with three phases of ultra high temperature ceramics (UHTCs) are fabricated for the first time using blending pre-ceramic polymeric precursors through the traditional polymer infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) technique, in which a porous carbon fiber reinforced pyrolytic carbon (C/C) with a porosity of about 60% is prepared as preforms. The fabricated composite possesses a matrix of 20ZrB2-30ZrC-50SiC, which is obtained by co-pyrolysis of three pre-ceramic polymers solution in xylene with certain molar ratios. Pyrolysis of these ZrB2-ZrC-SiC pre-ceramic precursors is studied with XRD characterization of the residual solids. The gas phase products are analysized with an on-line GC-MS-FTIR coupling technique, which confirms the formation of crystalline ZrC and ZrB2 from these precursors at temperatures above 1400°C. Possible mechanisms of pyrolysis and formation of pure ZrB2 from the precursors with various B/Zr molar ratios are suggested. The densification process and microstructures of the fabricated composite are studied. It is found that a composite with a bulk density of 2.06 g/cm3 and open porosity of 9.6% can be obtained after 16 PIP cycles. The formed matrix exhibits homogeneous dispersion of three matrix ceramics without any oxide impurities, i.e., the nano sized ZrB2 and ZrC particles dispersed in a continuous SiC ceramic with clean crystalline boundaries and particle dimensions less than 200 nm. No erosion or interface reaction occurs upon the carbon fiber reinforcement, which therefore avoids a dramatic deterioration of mechanical strength of carbon fiber and the composite. Improvement of PIP benefits from two aspects; firstly, the dense pyrolytic carbon interphase deposited on fiber surface by CVI serves as barrier coating and secondly, pyrolysis of the novel organic polymeric precursors does not release corrosive by-products such as hydrogen chloride.

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G. Montalbán, Mercedes, and Gloria Víllora. "High-Pressure Fluid Phase Equilibria." In Phase Equilibria With Supercritical Carbon Dioxide - Application to the Components of a Biocatalytic Process. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105486.

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One of the crucial aspects in the design of processes of this millennium is the use of environmentally benign technologies. The introduction of supercritical fluids (SCF) and, in addition, their use with other solvents, such as ionic liquids, further diversify the applications of these fluids. SCF are powerful solvents with many unique properties. They have the mobility of gases and the dissolving power of liquid solvents, resulting in efficient high mass transfer rates and penetration into porous matrices. However, reliable and versatile mathematical models of phase equilibrium thermodynamics are needed for use in process design and viability studies. This chapter reviews experimental procedures for obtaining high-pressure phase equilibria data. In addition, phase diagrams describing binary mixtures and thermodynamic models capable of determining the conditions at phase equilibria at high pressures are considered.

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Madhu Mohan, Varishetty, Madhavi Jonnalagadda, and VishnuBhotla Prasad. "Advanced Chalcogen Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries." In Chalcogenides – Preparation and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.103042.

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As on today the main power sources of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) research developments gradually approach their theoretical limits in terms of energy density. Therefore, an alternative next-generation of power sources is required with high-energy densities, low cost, and environmental safety. Alternatively, the chalcogen materials such as sulfur, selenium, and tellurium (SSTs) are used due to their excellent theoretical capacities, low cost, and no toxicity. However, there will be some challenges to overcome such as sluggish reaction of kinetics, inferior cycling stability, poor conductivity of S, and “shuttle effect” of lithium polysulfides in the Li-S batteries. Hence, several strategies have been discussed in this chapter. First, the Al-SSTs systems with more advanced techniques are systematically investigated. An advanced separators or electrolytes are prepared with the nano-metal sulfide materials to reduce the resistance in interfaces. Layered structured cathodes made with chalcogen ligand (sulfur), polysulfide species, selenium- and tellurium-substituted polysulfides, Se1-xSx uniformly dispersed in 3D porous carbon matrix were discussed. The construction of nanoreactors for high-energy density batteries are discussed. Finally, the detailed classification of flexible sulfur, selenium, and tellurium cathodes based on carbonaceous (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbonized polymers) and their composite (polymers and inorganics) materials are explained.

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Tiancheng Wei, Wei, Yu Sun, and Eunkyoung Shim. "Progress of Recycled Polyester in Rheological Performance in Molding, and Economic Analysis of Recycled Fibers in Fashion and Textile Industry." In Next-Generation Textiles [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.103864.

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In textiles, in particular wearable technology structured, battery-illuminated electronic fabrics are moving toward to both electrical and esthetic aspects of printed LED (PLED) textiles. It is on one dimension that have had questioned an economic resolution of extensional methods as for battery-charged interior materials, and also has gained a more general questions on how to develop its recycle both yarn and fiber as traditional raw goods in together with any recyclable electronic parts or graphene, carbon nanotube contained components with that textile materials. Furthermore, recyclable assembled electronic parts back to the renewable materials are continuous moving in the low-energy, high-reusable rate evaluation in the lifecycle assessment (LCA) of them. Specifically, during the de-sulfurization and decoloring in the post-production processing in the quick removal of active carbon fiber or nanoparticle coating on surface of fiber-porous geo-matrix could advance the renewing production efficiency. In assumption of low-energy and high-conductible transformation from off-market polyester with dyes or metallic yarns for polyester in e-textiles, recyclable conductive graphene/microfibers/composites are articulated, as far as industrial lifecycle management of braided, fibers, and ultra-high-density polyethylene has impeccable performance in the high mechanical property, medium rheological expansion over molding process, and high-yield strength as in the following sustainability in the wearable garment.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Porous carbon matrice"

Salama, Amgad, Shuyu Sun, and Mohamed Fathy El-amin. "An Efficient IMPES-Based, Shifting Matrix Algorithm To Simulate Two-Phase, Immiscible Flow in Porous Media With Application to CO2 Sequestration in the Subsurface." In Carbon Management Technology Conference. Carbon Management Technology Conference, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7122/150291-ms.

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Ito, Seigo, Youichirou Sakai, Ryuki Tsuji, Takaya Shioki, and Kota Ohishi. "Highly Stable Carbon-Based Multi-Porous-Layered-Electrode Perovskite Solar Cells." In 2022 29th International Workshop on Active-Matrix Flatpanel Displays and Devices (AM-FPD). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/am-fpd54920.2022.9851245.

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Dahifale, Balasaheb S., Ramkumar N. Parthasarathy, and Subramanyam R. Gollahalli. "Experimental Investigation of Porous-Media Combustion Characteristics of Biodiesel Blends." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37527.

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The use of porous-media burners in air-heating systems, gas turbine combustors, and steam generators is a potential method to reduce pollutant emission levels. Biofuels, such as canola methyl ester (CME), are an attractive alternate energy resource; however, pure biofuels have lower energy content than petroleum-based fuels. Therefore, the combustion characteristics of blends of Jet A and CME were studied in a porous-media burner. Two silicon carbide coated carbon-carbon matrix porous media of square section were used. The upstream porous medium with a pore size of 8 pores per centimeter (20 pores per inch) served as the evaporation porous medium; the downstream porous medium with a pore size of 31 ppcm (80 ppi) was used as the combustion porous medium. The CME-Jet A fuel blends were injected from an air-blast atomizer into a coflow of hot air, which entered the evaporation porous medium. The combustion characteristics of three blends (volume percentages of CME equal to 25%, 50% and 75%) were studied at four different initial equivalence ratios. The global pollutant emissions, axial temperature profiles and the radiative heat fraction of the flame downstream of the combustion porous medium were measured. The results indicated that for lean air-fuel mixtures, the addition of CME to Jet A resulted in a reduction of the CO emission index. However, the NOx emission index was increased with the CME content in the blend for a given equivalence ratio. Also, the maximum flame temperature increased with equivalence ratio. In general, it was found that the porous-media burner was useful in reducing emissions and controlling flame temperatures.

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Reddy, K. Suresh Kumar, Ahmed Alshoaibi, and C. Srinivasakannan. "High Efficient Metal Sulphide Based Porous Carbon Matrix for Mercury Removal." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/177701-ms.

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Tynyshtykbayev, Kurbangali, Chistos Spitas, Konstantinos Kostas, and Zinetula Insepov. "GRAPHENE LOW-TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS ON POROUS SILICON." In International Forum “Microelectronics – 2020”. Joung Scientists Scholarship “Microelectronics – 2020”. XIII International conference «Silicon – 2020». XII young scientists scholarship for silicon nanostructures and devices physics, material science, process and analysis. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1551.silicon-2020/40-44.

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The possibility of low-temperature synthesis of graphene on the surface of porous silicon (PS) is associated with the excess surface energies of nc-PS nanocrystallites ; the boundary interface nanocrystallties nc-PS / c-Si monocrystal matrix; the dangling bonds of silicon atoms of nanocrystallites skeleton nc-PS. This opens up new prospects for the development of methods for the low-temperature synthesis of graphene without metal catalysts for the decomposition of carbon precursors, including using the ALD method.

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Zing, Carlos, and Shadi Mahjoob. "Numerical Analysis of Thermal Transport in Nano Fluidic Porous Filled Heat Exchangers for Electronics Cooling." In ASME 2017 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2017-4966.

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The exponential growth in electronic power has brought amazing technology but with it also comes a burden in high heat production that threatens the safety of the product since electronics’ failure rate increases by its operating temperature. As such, cooling techniques have a key role to keep the temperature of electronics devices, such as processors, memory and graphics chips, below a maximum operating temperature. In this work, a porous filled heat exchanger has been numerically modeled to investigate the cooling effectiveness and temperature distribution on the base of the heat exchanger subjected to high heat flux leaving these devices. The effects of different nanofluid coolants (0.75% double walled carbon nanotube in water (DWCNT), 1% alumina in water, and 1% diamond in 20:80 ethylene glycol/water), porous materials (copper and annealed pyrolytic graphite (APG)), and porosity values are investigated. The coolant enters from an inlet channel normal to the base, moves through the porous field, and then leaves the heat exchanger through two opposite exit channels parallel to the base. The study is performed for two and three dimensional geometries in which two different designs are studied for 3D cases. One of the designs has a rectangular cross sectional inlet channel (along transverse direction) and the other design has square one. The results indicate that utilizing APG porous matrix, for all studied coolants of pure water and water based nano fluidics, improves substantially the cooling of the base of the heat exchanger in 2D and 3D with rectangular inlet. The results also show that utilizing carbon nanofluids (DWCNT) as coolant for high porosity structures, in both copper and APG porous matrices, improves cooling efficiency and temperature uniformity over the base, for all 2D and 3D cases. The effect of inlet channel geometry, square and rectangular, is also investigated for either similar velocity or similar mass flow rate at the inlet channel entrances.

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Rizvi, Reza, Hani Naguib, and Elaine Biddiss. "Characterization of a Porous Multifunctional Nanocomposite for Pressure Sensing." In ASME 2012 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2012-8178.

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This study focuses on the characterization of a porous multifunctional elastomer-CNT nanocomposites for potential use as pressure sensors. A thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was chosen as an elastomeric matrix, which was reinforced with multiwall carbon nanotubes (0–10 wt%) by high shear twin screw extrusion mixing. Porosity was introduced to the composites through the phase separation of a single TPU-CO2 solution. Interactions between MWNT and TPU were elucidated through calorimetry, gravimetric decomposition, conductivity measurements and microstructure imaging. The piezoresistance (pressure-resistance) behavior of the nanocomposites was investigated and found to be dependent on MWNT concentration and nanocomposite microstructure.

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Lanetc, Zakhar, Aleksandr Zhuravljov, Artur Shapoval, Ryan T. Armstrong, and Peyman Mostaghimi. "Inclusion of Microporosity in Numerical Simulation of Relative Permeability Curves." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21975-ms.

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Abstract Advances in high-resolution micro computed tomography (micro-CT) allow obtaining high-quality rock images with a resolution of up to a few micrometres. Novel direct numerical simulation methods provide the opportunity to precisely predict the flow properties in the resolved pore space. However, a large fraction of porosity lies below the resolution of modern micro-CT scanners. These, so called, micro-pores may significantly affect the physics of flow in geologically complex dual-porosity heterogeneous formations (carbonates, shales, and coals) and are currently not accounted for in traditional micro-CT based simulations. In this work, we have employed a multiphase multi-scale Darcy-Brinkman approach to simulate immiscible two-phase flow in a hybrid system containing both macro-porous solid-free regions and a micro-porous permeable matrix. This approach solves the Navier-Stokes based volume of fluid equations system in macro-pores and accounts for multiphase Darcy equations in micro-porous regions. By combining available information on micro-porosity with relative permeability curves estimated from the synthetically generated image with both macro- and micro-porous regions fully resolved, we solve the inverse problem to account for micro-porous contribution in our Darcy-Brinkman simulation. This approach allows us to estimate relative-permeability curves in the micro-porous region and correct the multi-scale simulation so it coincides with the data from the fully-resolved image. As a result, we were able to account for the impact of micro-porosity on the residual saturation and correct the shape of relative permeability curves and their end-points in the micro-porous domain. The proposed approach provides a workflow which can be used to history-match the Darcy-Brinkman pore-scale simulation with core-scale petrophysical data with respect to the relative permeability. Thus, it is possible to account for heterogeneity in complex rock formations by incorporating the whole range of porosity. The inclusion of micro-porosity in pore-scale image-based simulations for predicting relative permeability curves may help in a more reliable modelling and estimation of filed-scale subsurface flows, production profiles, recoverable reserves and carbon capture and storage mechanisms.

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Yekani Fard, Masoud, Jack Mester, and Alek Pensky. "Nanoscale Interphase Characterization of Porous CNT Buckypaper Composites in Correlation to Interlaminar Mode I Fracture." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23618.

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Abstract In this conference paper, nanoscale material property data and ASTM mode I interlaminar fracture results for three-phase buckypaper samples are presented and analyzed. Vacuum filtration and surfactant-free methods were used to manufacture buckypaper membranes. Epoxy infused buckypaper membranes were placed in front of the crack tip in a stitch bonded carbon fiber polymer matrix composite. Peak Force Quantitative Nanomechanical Mapping (PFQNM), using probes with nominal tip radius in the range of 5–8 nm were used. PFQNM characterized the interphase region between a three-phase sample of carbon monofilament, epoxy resin, and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) buckypaper. This experiment captured reproducible nanoscale morphological, viscoelastic, elastic and energy properties of porous MWCNT buckypaper samples. An enlarged interphase region surrounding the CNT buckypaper was found. The buckypaper and epoxy interphase thickness was found to be 50nm, higher than the 10–40nm reported for epoxy and carbon monofilaments. The observed MWCNT structure provides explanation of the increased surface roughness compared to the smooth carbon monofilaments. The increased surface roughness likely improves mechanical interlocking with the epoxy of adjacent lamina. The nanoscale interphase and subsurface characterization data provide explanation for a change in crack propagation toughness. Buckypaper exhibited inhomogeneous properties at micrometer length scales.

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KOMOGORTSEV, S. V., R. S. ISKHAKOV, V. K. MALTSEV, L. A. CHEKANOVA, I. N. KRAYUHIN, N. A. MOMOT, and Ch N. BARNAKOV. "THE STRUCTURE AND THE MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF COBALT NANOPARTICLES IN THE HIGH-POROUS AMORPHOUS CARBON MATRIX." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Nanomeeting 2009. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814280365_0065.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Porous carbon matrice"

Ke, Jian-yu, Fynnwin Prager, Jose Martinez, and Chris Cagle. Achieving Excellence for California’s Freight System: Developing Competitiveness and Performance Metrics; Incorporating Sustainability, Resilience, and Workforce Development. Mineta Transportation Institute, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2023.

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This study explores the question of whether California's freight system is staying competitive with other US regions. A novel analytical framework compares supply chain performance metrics across multiple US states and regions for seaports, airports, highways, freight rail service, and distribution centers by combining the Performance Evaluation Matrix (PEM), Competitive Position Matrix (CPM), and Business Process Management (BPM) approaches. Analysis of industry data and responses from structured interviews with 30 freight industry experts across 5 transportation sectors suggests that California's freight system is competitive for seaports, airports, and freight rail; however, highways and distribution centers have room for improvement with respect to travel time reliability and operation costs, and California should prioritize infrastructure investments here. To stay competitive with the Texas and North East regions, state investments could also expand seaport container terminals and air cargo handling facilities, improve intermodal port connections and management of flows of chassis, container trucks, empty containers to ameliorate cargo backlogs and congestion on highways, at the ports, and at warehouses. The state could also invest in inland ports, transporting goods by rail directly from seaports to the Inland Empire or Central Valley.

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