Дисертації з теми "Porcia"
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Baldan, Elena <1993>. "Francesco Apollodoro detto il Porcia." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16770.
Повний текст джерелаRodrigues, Fabiana Tessari. "\"Pele porcina como fonte de matrizes tridimensionais de colágeno\"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75132/tde-18012007-104219/.
Повний текст джерелаCutaneous lesions and burns are considered the main causes of damage of soft tissues. In severe cases of trauma, the natural processes of regeneration are insufficient in the repair of the damage, resulting in chronic cutaneous lesions. Desvitalization of homologous or heterologous matrices is an alternative for the production of dermal matrices. The porcine skin is quite similar to the human skin and can be used as collagen matrix in soft tissue regeneration. Besides, it contains type I collagen as the main constituent and thus, it can be used in second degree burns. The objective of this work was the preparation and characterization of type I collagen extracellular matrices with alkaline hydrolysis and glutaraldehyde (GA) crosslinking. The collagen matrices were obtained from the alkaline hydrolysis of porcine skin, with subsequent GA crosslinking, in different concentrations (0 - 0,1%) and reaction time (15 and 45 min). Matrices were characterized by determination of the elastin content, biological stability (trypsin), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), termogravimetry (TG/DTG), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a preliminar assay of in vitro cytotoxicity. Elastin and collagen content were 4,8±0,2% (m/m) and 95,2±0,2% (m/m), respectively. Biological stability results showed that GA crosslinking reduces matrix biodegradation; as degradation varied from 83,6%±1,1 (0% GA) to 46,1%±0,7 (0,085% - 45min), demonstrating, thus, that with the increase of GA concentration and reaction time, there was a decrease of degradation. For termogravimetric analysis it was observed that the collagen present in the matrices become termically more resistant as a consequence of the increasing crosslink degree and, therefore, more resistant to thermal degradation. DSC results, similar to termogravimetric ones, showed an increase in denaturation temperatures as a function of increasing reaction time and GA concentration. SEM analysis showed that after the GA crosslinking, collagen fibers become more organized and defined; and that definition improved with increasing GA concentration. Preliminar assay of in vitro cytotoxicity showed that treated matrices are cytotoxic possibly due to remaining fat, being necessary the accomplishment of a pre-treatment. Therefore, porcine skin matrices preparation with different degradation times, which can be used in the soft tissue reconstruction, are viable.
Girardi, Raquel Cecília Goy. "Comportamento de matrizes de colágeno utilizadas no tratamento de feridas planas induzidas em pele de rato." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/82/82131/tde-25072006-094136/.
Повний текст джерелаThe potentiality of the use of a collagen based matrix and of a cream prepared by the mixture of a commercial cream plus collagen (90:10 w/w) were evaluated in the healing process of rats skin. The acellular collagen matrix and the collagen gel were obtained by an alkaline treatment of porcine serosa which does not damage the native collagen structure and removes cellular components. This study compared by macroscopy analysis and histology the skin healing repair of wounds treated with physiological solution or commercial cream (control groups) and those treated with collagen based matrix suture or commercial cream plus collagen mix. The wounds were made by removing a skin flap with 20 'MM POT.2' and have received treatment every day. The material for histology was retired on the 3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th days after surgery. Even without an accentuated difference in the healing process of both control groups and the wounds treated with the commercial cream plus collagen, its presence in the cream showed a small difference of the collagen level in the new skin what validate more investigations on this way, searching better cream:gel proportion and/or different gel concentration. The matrix demonstrated to be a very good option to help wound healing because it is easily shelf able and obtainable, it has cheap cost and it is extremely nice to handle (resistant and manipulation able), besides to follow the main requirements present in the literature citation for any biologic occlusive dressing
Portilla, Jarufe Katherine Vanessa. "Determinación de la persistencia de los niveles de anticuerpos pasivos contra el virus de la peste porcina clásica en lechones nacidos de marranas con distinto programa de vacunación." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/658.
Повний текст джерела--- The persistence of the levels of maternal antibodies against the of the Classical Swine Fever virus (CSFV) in piglets born of vaccinated sows from two farms (A and B) with different vaccination programs against CSFV located in Lima valley, Peru, was evaluated. In the farm A, the sows are vaccinated at 90 days of gestation and in farm B at 18 - 21 days post furrowed. Serum samples were taken from a total of 60 piglets by farm, at first (n is equal to 15), third (n is equal to15), fifth (n is equal to 15) and seventh (n is equal to 15) weeks old and from sows from farm A (n is equal to 15) and B (n is equal to15) for antibodies detection against CSFV by indirect ELISA test. The 100% (30/30) of piglets of both farms had maternal antibodies against CSFV at first week old. In the majority of piglets the maternal antibodies persisted up to seventh week old. The levels of maternal antibodies in the piglets from both farms showed a statistically significant (p menor a 0,05) differences at first and third week old. The comparison of the maternal antibodies titers indicated more variation in piglets from farm A, a high and uniform antibodies titers were observed in piglets from farm B during the study. The sows had high level of antibodies against CSFV indicating a good passage of these antibodies to their piglets. These results suggest that the level and persistence of the maternal antibodies in the piglets depend of the management system of each pig farms. Key Words: Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV), maternal antibodies, piglet, sows, vaccination, pig farms.
Tesis
Oñate, Vásquez Digna del Pilar. "Caracterización de perfiles serológicos de circovirus porcino tipo 2 de planteles de producción porcina intensiva en Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/146611.
Повний текст джерелаEl circovirus porcino tipo 2 (PCV-2) es un virus muy pequeño (17 nm. de diámetro), de estructura icosaédrica y con ADN circular simple. Se conoce ampliamente por ser el agente causal de una compleja lista de enfermedades multifactoriales denominadas PCVAD (del inglés, Porcine circovirus associated diseases). Entre estas, una de las más importantes en términos económicos y sanitarios para la industria porcina intensiva, es el PMWS (del inglés, Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome), que se caracteriza clínicamente por adelgazamiento progresivo, retraso del crecimiento y desmedro. La infección por si sola por PCV-2 es necesaria, pero no suficiente para desencadenar el cuadro clínico, existen otros factores, tanto individuales como prediales, que participan en el desarrollo del síndrome. Por lo tanto, es más común encontrar individuos infectados con una presentación subclínica, inmunocomprometidos y mayormente susceptibles a coinfecciones. En el presente estudio, se caracterizan los perfiles serológicos de 11 granjas de producción porcina, cuya ubicación geográfica es representativa de la producción a nivel nacional. Un perfil serológico es un estudio efectuado a grupos de animales de diferentes edades o etapas productivas, para detectar la presencia de anticuerpos contra algún patógeno en particular y determinar patrones de infección. De cada granja se tomaron 16 muestras de suero en 3 edades (3-4, 10 y 18-20 semanas). Cada muestra fue evaluada mediante una prueba de ELISA para la detección de anticuerpos anti PCV-2. A modo complementario, los títulos de anticuerpos a las 3 semanas fueron transformados a valores de IPMA (técnica de inmunoperoxidasa en monocapa de cultivo celular), a modo de evidenciar posible interferencia materna con la vacunación. Finalmente, se realizó una recopilación de información respecto a las granjas muestreadas y mediante un Análisis de Varianza (ANOVA) en el programa estadístico Infostat, los factores: status PRRS, vacunación, sistema y tamaño fueron analizados, a modo de establecer posibles diferencias significativas entre las granjas al considerar estos factores. Los resultados muestran un comportamiento característico de los perfiles serológicos, con un alto título de anticuerpos a las 3 semanas, los cuales disminuyen drásticamente en el tiempo, lo que sugiere un eficiente traspaso de inmunidad materna, pero se cuestiona la efectividad en la generación de anticuerpos a través de la vacunación. Además, se observa una alta presencia del fenómeno de interferencia de la inmunidad materna con la vacunación. Por último, los resultados del análisis estadístico muestran que todos los factores analizados generan diferencias significativas entre los perfiles serológicos de las granjas. El estudio permite concluir robustamente que existe evidencia serológica de PCV-2 en todas las granjas analizadas y que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ellas al considerar ciertos factores prediales, aceptándose la hipótesis de este estudio
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) is a very small virus (17 nm of diameter), of icosahedral structure and simple circular DNA. PCV-2 is widely known to be the causative agent of several multifactorial diseases named PCVAD (Porcine circovirus asociated diseases). The most economic important disease caused by PCV-2 is the Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), which is characterized by progressive emaciation, growth retardation and wasting. PCV-2 infection is necessary but not sufficient to trigger the clinical presentation, there are other factors, individual and predial, that are involved in the development of the syndrome. Therefore, it is more common to find individuals infected with a subclinical presentation, immunocompromised and most susceptible to coinfections. In the present study, the serological profiles of 11 pig farms were characterized, whose geographic location is representative of production at the national level. A serological profile is a study carried out on groups of animals at different ages, to detect the presence of antibodies against PCV-2, and to determine patterns of infection. From each farm, sera was collected in 3-4 weeks; 10 weeks and 18-20 weeks old pigs, obtaining 16 samples per age. Each sample was evaluated by a comercial PCV-2 ELISA test for antibody detection. Additionally, antibody titres at 3 weeks were transformed to IPMA equivalent values (inmunoperoxidase monolayer assay), in order to evidence possible maternal interference with vaccination. Also, information about farms characteristics and management such as; PRRS status, vaccination, type of production system and size, were collected. All variables were statistically analyzed in order to establish if there were significant differences between the farms when considering these factors. The results show a characteristic behavior of the serological profiles, with a high antibody titre in 3 weeks old pigs, which decrease drastically over time, suggesting an efficient transfer of maternal immunity, but the effectiveness of the vaccination to generate antibodies is questioned. In addition, there is a high presence of the phenomenon of interference of maternal immunity with vaccination. Finally, the results of the statistical analysis show that all the analyzed factors generate significant differences between the serological profiles of the farms. The study allows us to conclude robustly that there is serological evidence of PCV-2 in all farms analyzed and that there are statistically significant differences between them when considering certain property factors, accepting the hypothesis of this study
Financiamiento: Proyecto Zoetis-Favet PCV2.
Feng, Hua. "New insights on PCV2 vaccination: thinking out of the box." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/330925.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aimed to complement the current knowledge on PCV2 vaccination efficacy under subclinical infection conditions and give new creative concepts (“thinking out of the box”) for future related studies. The first study had the objective to assess the putative interference of different maternally derived antibody (MDA) levels at the time of vaccination on the average daily weight gain (ADWG) evolution. In this study, an apparent interference of vaccine efficacy on ADWG was noticed only when a small subpopulation of pigs with the highest ELISA S/P ratios was considered, Therefore, the impact of this possible interference under field conditions is probably negligible for most of the animals and farms. In the second study, the feasibility to eradicate PCV2 in a conventional PCV2 infected farm by using a mass vaccination strategy was assessed.. One year period of mass PCV2 vaccination (without implementing further farm management practices or biosafety measures) was not able to clear out PCV2 infection. Indeed the virus became detectable again when vaccination was stopped. However, the decreasing antibody levels and the lack of viral detection during the second half of the vaccination period shed a light on eradicating this virus by applying a longer term vaccination in a wider area would be feasible.
Rodrigues, Fabiana Tessari. "Desenvolvimento de membranas acelulares de colágeno derivadas de pericárdio porcino para uso em engenharia de tecido." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75132/tde-16092011-154258/.
Повний текст джерелаThe use and development of biomaterials for tissue regeneration are of great importance, especially for medical and dental care. Collagen matrices derived from animal tissues are widely used because collagen has characteristics such as biodegradability and biocompatibility. These matrices can be obtained from various sources, such as porcine pericardium, which is a tissue that can be used due its low cost, wide availability and because it can be chemically modified. Besides, porcine tissues are very similar to human tissue and can be used to produce biomaterials for soft tissue regeneration. The aim of this study was the preparation and characterization acellular membranes by alkaline hydrolysis of porcine pericardium. Membranes were characterized by histological analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation, in vitro biological stability (collagenase), potentiometric titration, water absorption percentage, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and tensile tests. Histological analysis showed that after 4h of hydrolysis, cells were totally removed from matrices. In vitro cytotoxicity showed that all matrices prepared in this work are not cytotoxic. In vitro biological stability tests (collagenase) showed that the hydrolyzed membranes degraded more quickly than the non hydrolized matrix and more resistant to collagenase degradation when compared to matrices derived from bovine pericardium. The potentiometric titration allowed the determination carboxylic groups and the increase of these groups per collagen molecule. Hydrolyzed matrices had an increase in water absorption, a decrease in denaturation temperature and a small decrease in thermal stability with the increase of hydrolysis time. Tensile tests showed that after alkaline hydrolysis matrices showed higher tensile strength and the deformation was independent of the time of alkaline hydrolysis. These results showed that the preparation of collagen biological matrices derived from porcine pericardium with different times of alkaline hydrolysis is a viable procedure to be subsequently used in the production of biomaterials for tissue engineering.
Klaumann, Francini. "Molecular epidemiological studies of Porcine circovirus 3, a novel virus identified in domestic pig and wild boar." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665495.
Повний текст джерелаPorcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) is a recently discovered circovirus species found in domestic pigs and wild boar. The virus was found in 2016, through metagenomic sequencing approach, in animals affected by reproductive failure, cardiac and multisystemic inflammation. Since then, the virus has been described in pigs with different clinical/pathological presentations as well as in healthy ones, with a widespread circulation. Therefore, the main objective of this Thesis was to gain insights into the molecular epidemiology of PCV-3 in samples from domestic pigs and wild boar from Spain. In the first study, the presence of PCV-3 in the Spanish pig population was retrospectively evaluated from 1996 to 2017 in sera from animals of different production phases and clinical/pathological conditions. The detection of PCV-3 genome in such samples was attempted by PCR and partial genome sequences were obtained from selected PCV-3 positive samples from different years. Compiled data confirmed that PCV-3 has been circulating in the Spanish pig population since 1996. The overall frequency of PCV-3 PCR positive samples in the study period was 11.47% (75 out of 654). Phylogenetic analysis of the PCV-3 obtained sequences showed high identity with the already known PCV-3 sequences, with low variations among years. Although the available information was limited, PCV-3 did not appear to be linked to any specific pathological condition or pig age-group. The second study aimed to assess the dynamics of PCV-3 infection by means of PCR in serum. A total of 152 pigs from 4 different healthy farms, which were sampled longitudinally five or six times from 2-4 weeks of age until the end of the fattening period, were analyzed. PCV-3 genome was found in pigs from all tested ages and farms; few animals had an apparent long-term infection during a period ranging from 4 to 23 weeks. Phylogenetic analysis showed high similarity among the obtained sequences and with available PCV-3 genomes from different countries. Results confirmed that PCV-3 circulated in all studied farms from Spain, suggesting that infection is probably widespread in the country. Most pigs got infection during their life, although PCV-3 did not appear to circulate mostly at any specific age. In the third study, the frequency of PCV-3 infection was retrospectively assessed in Spanish wild boar from 2004 to 2018, as well as in captured and re-captured animals. Obtained results confirmed the susceptibility of wild boar to the virus, showing high frequency of PCV-3 detection (221 out of 518, 42.66%) and demonstrating circulation at least since 2004. Compiled data suggests that PCV-3 is apparently able to cause persistent infection, since 5 out of 10 PCV-3 PCR positive captured/re-captured boars showed positivity in samplings separated for more than 5 months. The frequency of PCV-3 genome was also investigated for the first time in different tissue samples and feces, where all tested tissue types’ harbored PCV-3 genome. The amount of DNA in all tested PCV-3 PCR positive samples was moderate to low. All partial and complete PCV-3 sequences obtained from wild boar displayed high nucleotide similarity (>98%). In conclusion, the obtained results of this Thesis provide relevant data on the epidemiology of this novel virus, in both domestic pig and wild boar, which appear to be widespread. Moreover, the phylogenetic information suggests low genetic variability of PCV-3, in contrast with other single stranded-DNA viruses.
Cardil, Forradellas Alba. "Factores de rentabilidad en el sector porcino español." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672305.
Повний текст джерелаEn las últimas décadas, el sector porcino ha experimentado un fuerte desarrollo caracterizado por un aumento en la producción, en el censo, en las exportaciones, así como en la productividad de sus explotaciones. El objetivo principal de la presente investigación es identificar factores que impulsan la rentabilidad económica de las empresas dedicadas a la producción de ganado porcino, los cuales permitan mejorar las decisiones de gestión y localización. Estos factores pueden ser intrínsecos a la empresa, sectoriales y referidos a nivel territorial y geográfico. Los datos utilizados en el estudio provienen de una muestra de 1.810 empresas españolas que proporcionan un conjunto de datos de panel no balanceado para el período 2003-2018, cuyo tratamiento estadístico se ha llevado a cabo mediante la aplicación de herramientas estadísticas para datos de panel, que han permitido la detección de los factores más influyentes en la rentabilidad de las empresas teniendo en cuenta la posible existencia de problemas de endogeneidad entre algunas de las variables analizadas. Los resultados permiten deducir implicaciones en dos sentidos; por un lado, para los directivos existentes con motivo de mejorar el desempeño empresarial y, por otro lado, para futuros inversores que pretendan acometer nuevas inversiones en el sector. Estos resultados pueden ser de utilidad para el negocio, ya que desvelan cómo las empresas pueden obtener mayores rendimientos económicos.
In the last decades, swine sector has experienced a strong development characterized by an increase in production, census, exports as well as in productivity. For this reason, the main objective of this research is to identify factors that drive the profitability of companies dedicated to the production of pigs which allow them to improve their management and location decisions. These factors can be intrinsic to the company, sectorial and referred to territorial and geographical level. The data used in this study come from a sample of 1,810 spanish companies that provide an unbalanced panel data set for the period 2003-2018, whose statistical treatment has been carried out through the application of frequent statistical tools. As expected, there are certain factors that are decisive in the profitability of companies, so the results yield relevant conclusions in two ways; on the one hand, for existing managers in order to improve business performance and, on the other hand, for future investors who intend to undertake new investments in the sector. These results are important because they have practical implications for the business.
Huanca, Huanca Eusebio. "Sistema experto para el diagnóstico de la peste porcina." Universidad Mayor de San Andrés. Programa Cybertesis BOLIVIA, 2008. http://www.cybertesis.umsa.bo:8080/umsa/2008/huanca_he/html/index-frames.html.
Повний текст джерелаMartel, Kennes Yan. "Caractérisation de polymorphismes dans le gène de l'obésité porcin en relation avec des caractères zootechniques et production de leptine porcine recombinante." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61356.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаTurín, Sacha Rocío del Pilar. "Prevalencia de cisticercosis porcina en la ampliación del Parque Porcino de Ventanilla : Pampas de los Perros, distrito de Ventanilla, Provincia Constitucional del Callao." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2004. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1569.
Повний текст джерелаPorcine cysticercosis is a parasitic zoonotic disease. Studies in Peru have been conducted in several different geographic areas, where prevalence rates are high. Consequently, Peru has been declared an endemic country. So far, no studies into porcine cysticercosis have been undertaken on the central coast. In this region non intensive pig farming exists, which may generate a focal point for disease transmission. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of porcine cysticercosis in the porcine breeding area called “Parque Porcino Pampas de los Perros” in the Ventanilla district, Callao Province, Peru. This Porcine breeding area is divided into 5 sections; A, B, C, D and E. A total of 299 pigs were sampled, from which 55 were positive to EITB test. Seroprevalence results from the test were 18 ± 4%. There was no statistically significant difference between gender of the pigs or section (A B C D or E). Statistically significant difference was found in the age group greater than 12 months old (p <0.05). Logistical regression tests revealed that the age group> 12 months old and the sections A and B are risk factors for contracting the disease (p<0.05). A beta binomial stochastic simulation test was applied to obtain reliable values for disease interpretation, obtaining a real prevalence of 7%. This demonstrated that 90% of observations were recorded between the 4% and 10% interval.
Tesis
Gibert, Rebull Elisa. "Avaluació de l’eficiència de l’ús dels fluids orals en el diagnòstic del PRRSV." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/403766.
Повний текст джерелаIn recent years, the use of oral fluids (OF) for the diagnosis and monitoring of Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV) has increased popularity in North America while in Europe its use is still scarce. Few studies have been conducted on the performance of diagnostic techniques for PRRSV1 using OF. The general objective goal of the present thesis was to evaluate the efficiency of the use of OF in the diagnosis of PRRSV1, determining the factors influencing their diagnostic performance. The first study is aimed at evaluating at an individual level, shedding of PRRSV1 in OF over time of pigs inoculated experimentally and in naïve and vaccinated animals infected by contact with inoculated pigs. In addition, the agreement between virus shed in OF and viremia was also assessed. Inoculated and naïve pigs showed a similar pattern of shedding of PRRSV in OF while vaccinated showed a more variable and irregular pattern. The average period of shedding in OF was significantly shorter (P<0.05) in vaccinated animals compared to the others. Kappa values for the comparison of blood and OF were >0.68 in all cases. The purpose of the second study was to identify and assess the losses of efficiency during the process of analysis of OF samples by qRT-PCR: the effect of different matrices for collecting the samples, different times and temperatures until the analysis, conditions of storage, the effect of centrifugation and different PCR reagents and RNA extraction methods. OF collected from weaners of PRRSV-free commercial farms were spiked with known concentrations of PRRSV1. There were no differences between the results obtained with the different collection matrices or conservation methods. Regarding storage, a significant loss of analytic sensitivity (P<0.05) was observed when OF were stored for 72h at 4ᵒC. Centrifugation at 15,000 g increased significantly (P<0.05) the sensitivity for samples containing 100 TCID50/mL. The RNA extraction methods that resulted in the best efficiencies were TRIzol®, MagMAX™ and NucleoSpin®. At similar dilutions, the LSI VetMAX® produced less Ct for the detection of the virus in OF than AgPath™. In the third study, based on the existing literature and data obtained in previous experiments, we calculated the probability of detecting PRRSV1 when pen-based OF were used for monitoring by qRT-PCR in low prevalence farms. Different types of farms were compared according their farrowing and nursery structure, and the size of sampling. Regarding the results obtained, the most decisive factors influencing the detection of PRRSV were the incidence of vertical events, the size of the reproductive herd and the pens for weaners; and the number of pens examined. The qRT-PCR would be able to detect PRRSV in OF in most scenarios even when there was only one infected animal out of 50 penmates. The main factors which limited the detection of PRRSV were the proportion of viremic farrows and the distribution of infected animals from the farrowing units to the nurseries. In most cases, in farms with ≤1,000 sows and less than 5% of PRRSV1 incidence, the presence of infected animals in nursery pens were a rare event and the most important factor was the number of pens sampled. In conclusion, the results of the present thesis establish a protocol for optimising the sensitivity of PRRSV1 detection in OF samples. Taking into account these recommendations, OF are a good diagnostic tool for the detection of virus circulation in nurseries because PRRSV is detected even in the worst scenarios.
Cruz, Melo Sonia Liliana. "Análisis de impacto económico de la reintroducción de peste porcina clásica en Colombia." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/143072.
Повний текст джерелаEn el año 2000 se declaró de interés nacional la erradicación de Peste Porcina Clásica (PPC) en el territorio Colombiano, por medio de la estrategia de zonificación el país estuvo libre de la enfermedad manteniendo algunas zonas con vacunación en el periodo de 2007 a 2013; sin embargo, como consecuencia del transporte ilegal de cerdos desde la frontera con Venezuela, la enfermedad reingresó avanzando a algunas zonas declaradas libres de la enfermedad. Este documento busca evaluar el impacto económico para el Estado de la reintroducción de la PPC en Colombia, simulando y cuantificando la presentación de un brote en una zona libre de la enfermedad (departamento de Antioquia) y un brote en la zona de control (departamento de Arauca) en un sistema de producción de traspatio y tecnificado siguiendo el manejo establecido por el plan de contingencia del Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA y comparándolo con los costos asociados al programa de vigilancia epidemiológica para PPC en el año 2015. Producto de la simulación y valoración de escenarios, los costos de erradicación de un brote de PPC en el departamento de Arauca son menores que los costos asociados al programa de vigilancia para PPC en el año 2015 a diferencia de un brote de PPC en el departamento de Antioquia, donde los costos duplican el presupuesto del programa de vigilancia. Por lo cual, es necesario fortalecer las medidas de vigilancia y el programa de control y erradicación, con el fin de evitar pérdidas económicas para el Estado y fortalecer el estatus sanitario del país.
In 2000 it was declared as national interest the eradication of classical swine fever (CSF) in the Colombian territory, through zoning strategy the country was free from the disease by keeping some areas with vaccination between the period 2007 to 2013, but as a result of illegal transport of pigs from the border with Venezuela, the disease reentered forward to some areas declared free of the disease. This paper aims to assess the economic impact for the state of the reintroduction of the CFP in Colombia, simulating and quantifying the presentation of one outbreak in a free area of the disease (department of Antioquia) and one outbreak in the control area (Arauca) in a backyard production system and modernized following the management established by the contingency plan of the Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA, and compared it to the costs associated with CSF monitoring epidemiologic program in 2015. Product of simulation and assessment of scenarios, the costs of an outbreak of CSF in the department of Arauca are less than the costs associated with the monitoring program for CSF in 2015 as opposed to an outbreak of CSF in the department Antioquia where costs double the budget of the monitoring program. Therefore it is necessary to strengthen surveillance and control program and eradication, in order to avoid economic losses for the state and strengthen the health status of the country.
Poincloux, Laurent. "Shunt portosystémique par échoendoscopie sur modèle animal." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF1MM08.
Повний текст джерелаTherapeutic endoscopic ultrasonography is a growing and essential part of the medical and surgical activity in digestive pathology since the development of sectoral probes. The fields of application of this minimally invasive interventional technique are more and more numerous, on the one hand in biliopancreatic and enteral pathology, allowing the realization of anastomoses without traditional surgery, and on the other hand in digestive oncology, because it makes it possible to deliver a therapeutic agent, a source of radiation or cells linked to the immune system in a targeted lesion. The vascular approach is a recent and promising way of interventional endoscopic ultrasound offering therapeutic perspectives in hepatology, especially in the field of portal hypertension.This work is divided into three parts successively describing the state of the art of the applications of interventional ultrasonoscopy, then two original experimental works: initially, the transfer of the technique of biliodigestive anastomosis (performed regularly in our center ) at the portosystemic vascular approach on healthy animal, then in a second time the validity of the animal model technique of liver fibrosis.The first series of experiments led to the development of the technique for the creation of an intrahepatic shunt portosystemic by echoendoscopy in 23 healthy pigs, in collaboration with the vascular radiology team. These procedures were performed in an experimental vascular catheterization room (Caviti laboratory) as part of the ISIT host laboratory (Image Science for Interventional Techniques, Prof. L. Boyer, Pr. J.-Y.Boire, UMR CNRS / UDA 6284). The results were conclusive since the shunt appeared feasible in 91% of cases, functional in 81% of cases with a morbidity of 14.2%. The second series of experiments validated this endoscopic ultrasound technique in a porcine model of liver fibrosis by X-ray embolization, in collaboration with Theix National Institute for Food Research for Animal Stabling. This multidisciplinary work has allowed close collaboration between endoscopists, radiologists, visceral surgeons and anatomopathologists, as part of a transversal research approach. The results are encouraging since a porto-systemic intrahepatic shunt by endoscopic ultrasonography proved to be technically feasible and functional on a hepatic fibrosis model with a 7-day survival of the animals in two-thirds of the cases. Before considering a primary study in humans, additional studies are nevertheless necessary on porcine models presenting hepatic fibrosis associated with portal hypertension by increasing the duration of stabulation, by homogenizing the procedure of skeletonization of the hepatic artery and by adjusting the dose of injected solution. This technique could eventually be an alternative in case of failure of the standard technique for complications of portal hypertension (intrahepatic portosystemic shunt transjugular) in patients then in a situation of therapeutic impasse
Saavedra, Leos María Dolores. "Estudio de la composición de los gránulos corticales y del oolema de ovocitos porcinos y bovinos madurados y fecundados in vitro." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10863.
Повний текст джерелаPolyspermy (entering of more than a spermatozoon into the oocyte) is a pathological condition in mammals since it avoids the normal embryonic development. In the pig species, Polyspermy is a common problem still unsolved in the current systems of in vitro fertilization (IVF). The cortical granules (CGs) from mammal's oocytes are involved in the block to polyspermy. However, little is known about the composition and function of these organelles. It is widely described that the molecules released of the CGs during the fertilization or oocyte activation, by means of chemical or electrical stimulation, produce important modifications, particularly in the zona pelucida (ZP), the periviteline space and, probably, oolema of the oocyte. These modifications have a direct role in the block to polyspermy. The knowledge about the content of the CGs and the oolema proteins of as well as their role during fertilization in pigs is still scarce. The majority of the information that we currently have it has been obtained from the murine model. In the present Doctoral Thesis, we investigated the presence of possible proteins of the CGs in pig oocytes as well as the presence of metaloproteases ADAM-10 and ADAM-17 in pig and bovine oocytes. For that, this study was divided into three sections
Ottoboni, Flávia Correia Fuso. "Estudo comparativo da biocompatibilidade in vivo de matrizes acelulares de pericárdio bovino e porcino." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/82/82131/tde-20072012-161652/.
Повний текст джерелаAcellular matrices are used in tissue engineering for reconstruction or replacement of damaged tissues .In this study acellular matrices were developed using porcine pericardium and bovine pericardium, which contain a large quantity of type I collagen, using an alkaline hydrolysis treatment at the times of 12 hours and 24 hours. The matrices were developed to be used as protective barriers in the process of wound healing, and also in bone tissue inducing formation. In the test of in vivo biocompatibility, matrices were implanted subcutaneously in 65 adult male Wistar rats, sacrificed at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days postoperatively. The microscopic evaluation on day 7 showed a large amount of inflammatory infiltrate around the material; at the 14th day, beyond the inflammatory infiltrate was observed a neovascularization. At 21st and 28th days were observed a gradual decrease in the inflammatory infiltrate, cellular growth and a large neovascularization. By day 35, porcine and bovine pericardium matrices were completely resorbed. Comparing the degradation time between the matrices treated with 12 and 24 hours, it was observed that both matrices treated for 24 h, degraded faster than those treated for 12 hours. Both matrices are biocompatible, do not cause cytotoxic reactions, inflammatory or immune adverse reactions.
Bravo, Peña Felipe Esteban. "Identificación y valoración de impactos económicos asociados a peste porcina clásica en países de la subregión andina." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/131941.
Повний текст джерелаLa presente memoria de título buscó identificar y valorizar los principales impactos económicos asociados a la presencia de Peste Porcina Clásica (PPC) en países de la subregión andina, considerando de que se trata de la enfermedad porcina más importante en términos económicos, y desde el año 2000 está bajo un plan continental de erradicación a cargo de la Organización de las naciones unidas para la alimentación (FAO). Para poder realizar la valoración de los impactos, se hizo necesario conocer el cuerpo normativo que rige los programas de control y erradicación de la PPC en países de la subregión andina, identificar los tipos de pérdidas que genera la presencia de la enfermedad, y finalmente determinar la cantidad de factores de producción que se ven afectados en presencia de la enfermedad. Se recopilaron datos mediante revisión bibliográfica y mediante el uso de documentos de trabajo interno de la FAO. Adicionalmente se realizaron encuestas a expertos de 6 países, y se realizaron entrevistas a profesionales encargados de los Servicios Veterinarios Oficiales (SVO) de los países de la subregión andina. La investigación evidenció una ausencia de estandarización de conceptos entre países, lo que dificultó los análisis comparativos, junto con una muy baja existencia de datos previos sobre pérdidas económicas y la ausencia de registro de las pérdidas generadas por la PPC en la subregión. Lo anterior obligó a destinar muchos esfuerzos a la generación de información primaria de las pérdidas a través de expertos y SVO, que finalmente permitió tener una primera aproximación hacia datos cuantitativos. Los datos obtenidos mediante la presente memoria, otorgan una base para el análisis y para la generación de simulaciones del impacto de PPC, lo que permitirá a los SVO tomar decisiones con una mayor cantidad de antecedentes, menor incertidumbre, y mayor eficiencia económica.
Proyecto FAO, TCP/RLA/3305
Dugan, Peter Jeffry. "High resolution recognition using a tiered feature approach to search for patterns in signals study on the Portia smokescreen /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2005.
Знайти повний текст джерелаEspindola, Vega German. "COLECTA, DILUCIÓN E INSEMINACIÓN ARTIFICIAL PORCINA." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/105771.
Повний текст джерелаEl presente documento se orientará a ser una recapitulación de información sobre la colecta, dilución e inseminación artificial en la especie porcina, para tener una versión actualizada de los procesos técnicos a seguir para una efectiva inseminación porcina, tanto para estudiantes, técnicos y especialistas en el área porcícola.
López, Soria Sergio. "Puzzling over the epidemiology of porcine circovirus type 2." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285056.
Повний текст джерелаThe present thesis aimed to provide information on porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) epidemiology. The four studies included in this PhD Thesis are summarised below: The first study aimed to assess the prevalence of PCV2 and other swine viruses, namely reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), swine influenza virus (SIV), Aujeszky’s disease virus (ADV) and porcine parvovirus (PPV) in Spanish pig herds. It was obtained that in the early-mid 2000s, PCV2 and PPV showed evidence of ubiquitous distribution in pigs; PRRSV and SIV were also widespread. Seroprevalence against ADV wild virus decreased over time. Boar studs had lower seroprevalences than sow and fattening herds. The second work consisted in an exploratory case-control study aimed to assess risk factors that, in association with PCV2 infection, induced the expression of porcine circovirus type 2-systemic disease (PCV2-SD), a multifactorial disease. It was concluded that early infection by PCV2, measured by evidence of seroconversion, is a predisposing factor for PCV2-SD occurrence. The third study focused on the pig genetic background, a specific risk factor for PCV2-SD. It was concluded that the genetic background is a risk factor for PCV2-SD development. Piglets from pure Pietrain boars showed the best clinical performance followed by piglets from Large White x Pietrain boars. Piglets from Large White x Duroc boars were the most affected by PCV2-SD. Finally, the last study aimed to assess the effect of PCV2 loads in pig serum on average daily weight gain (ADWG) during the postweaning period. It was concluded that ADWG variation among pigs in PCV2-SD affected farms is partly explained by serum PCV2 load from weaning to slaughter age. Three subpopulations of pigs with different serum PCV2 loads from weaning to slaughter age were identified. These subpopulations experienced significantly different ADWG, in which the higher the PCV2 load the lower the ADWG.
Mármol, Sánchez Emilio. "Modulation of porcine production and molecular phenotypes by nutrition and genetics." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670648.
Повний текст джерелаLa regulación del engrasamiento porcino y la calidad de la carne son aún poco conocidos. Inicialmente, investigamos la variabilidad de genes candidatos localizados en regiones QTL asociadas con caracteres de calidad de la carne y contenido y composición de grasa intramuscular. Identificamos polimorfismos en dichos genes candidatos a partir de datos de RNA-seq y secuencias de genoma completo (WGS) de cinco cerdos Duroc. El genotipo de ATP1A2 fue significativamente asociado a la conductividad eléctrica (CE) del músculo longissimus dorsi (LD) a nivel cromosómico. Nuestros resultados sugieren que el gen ATP1A2 puede estar involucrado en la regulación de la CE en el músculo. Por otra parte, hicimos uso de los datos de WGS para identificar mutaciones stop gained segregando en una población Duroc (Lipgen). Siete cerdos homocigotos para una mutación potencialmente letal en el gen ASS1 fueron identificados. Tras secuenciar dicha región a nivel genómico y transcriptómico, se reveló la presencia de una mutación inmediatamente antes, que eliminaría el codón de parada, generando un polimorfismo dinucleotídico que causa un cambio benigno de aminoácido en la secuencia de ASS1. Seguidamente, utilizamos datos previos de expresión diferencial de RNA-seq para investigar la asociación de genes candidatos con caracteres de calidad de la carne. Dos polimorfismos localizados en los genes CRY2 y MIGA2 mostraron asociaciones significativas con el contenido de ácido esteárico en LD, y con la concentración de LDL en suero, respectivamente. Estos polimorfismos también fueron asociados con la expresión de sus respectivos genes. Análisis a nivel cromosómico mostraron que estos polimorfismos pueden no ser los SNPs causales. Además, analizamos los polimorfismos localizados en genes microRNA a partir de un total de 120 WGS de cerdos domésticos y salvajes de Asia y Europa. La variabilidad de regiones miRNA estuvo muy reducida en la seed comparado con otras regiones del miRNA y con el resto del genoma. Quince SNPs en genes miRNA fueron genotipados en la población Lipgen. Nuestros resultados revelaron, entre otros, una variante localizada en el bucle apical de ssc-miR-326 significativamente asociada con la expresión de algunos de sus mRNAs diana. Este SNP puede contribuir a la reestructuración del apareamiento de bases en la horquilla del miRNA, modificando la eficiencia de la maduración del propio miRNA. Además, nos propusimos mejorar la aún limitada anotación del miRNAoma porcino mediante el desarrollo de un pipeline bioinformático para la identificación y anotación de genes miRNA. La fracción de RNA pequeño de 48 cerdas Duroc fue secuenciada para detectar miRNAs nuevos y ya conocidos. Los transcritos de datos de small RNA-seq y miRNAs maduros anotados en humano fueron cartografiados en el genoma porcino. Se realizó la reconstrucción de secuencias candidatas mediante la búsqueda de motivos nucleotídicos. Se obtuvieron un conjunto de parámetros de secuencia y termodinámicos de cada secuencia y se empleó un algoritmo de Machine Learning basado en grafos para predecir miRNAs, tanto nuevos como conocidos. Un total de 47 miRNAs porcinos putativos fueron detectados. La expresión de tres de ellos fue evaluada mediante técnicas de RT-qPCR y confirmada en una población independiente de cerdos de raza Göttingen minipig. Finalmente se utilizaron los datos de small RNA-seq para determinar miRNAs diferencialmente expresados (DE) entre cerdas en ayunas y tras recibir alimento. Las redes de regulación génica de interacciones miRNA-mRNA relevaron módulos de co-expresión de genes relacionados con el metabolismo de lípidos. Además, se evidenció la potencial influencia de miRNAs DE en regular la expresión de mRNAs con funciones en el metabolismo de la glucosa y la homeostasis energética.
The genetic modulators of porcine fatness and meat quality traits, as well as their mechanisms of action, are still poorly understood. First, we investigated the variability of candidate genes located within QTL regions associated with meat quality traits and intramuscular fat content and composition. Polymorphic sites located at candidate genes were identified based on RNA-seq data and whole-genome sequencing of five Duroc boars. Significant association between ATP1A2 genotype and electric conductivity (CE) in the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle, as well as in a chromosome-wide analysis, were revealed. Our results suggest that the ATP1A2 gene might be involved in the regulation of the CE of the skeletal muscle. Moreover, we employed whole-genome sequencing data from the five Duroc boars to identify putative stop gained mutations segregating in a Duroc population (Lipgen). Seven pigs homozygous for a potentially lethal nonsense recessive mutation in the ASS1 gene were detected. After sequencing such region at the genomic and transcriptomic levels, the presence of an additional polymorphism located immediately before the nonsense mutation that disrupts the stop codon was revealed, forming a dinucleotide polymorphism that causes a benign amino acid substitution in the ASS1 sequence. Furthermore, we used previous RNA-seq differential expression data to investigate the association of candidate genes with meat quality traits. Two polymorphisms located in the CRY2 and MIGA2 genes showed significant associations with stearic acid content in LD and with LDL serum concentration, respectively. These SNPs were also associated with the mRNA levels of the corresponding genes. Joint chromosome-wide association analyses showed that these polymorphisms are not the ones showing the most significant associations. We also studied polymorphisms residing in microRNA genes. A total of 120 whole-genome sequences from European and Asian wild boars and domestic pigs were used for variant calling analyses, and polymorphisms within miRNA loci were investigated. Variability within miRNA loci was strongly reduced in the seed region compared with the rest of the miRNA sequence and other regions in the genome. Fifteen SNPs mapping to miRNA genes were genotyped in the Lipgen population. Our results revealed, among others, one variant located in the apical loop of ssc-miR-326 as significantly associated with the expression of some of its targets. This SNP might contribute to a structural rearrangement of the miRNA hairpin pairing, thus modifying the efficiency of the miRNA maturation. Subsequently, we aimed to improve the yet poorly annotated porcine miRNAome by developing a bioinformatic pipeline for the discovery and annotation of miRNA genes. The small RNA fraction of 48 Duroc gilts was sequenced and used to detect novel and known expressed miRNAs. Small RNA-seq transcripts and annotated human mature miRNAs were mapped to the porcine genome. Reconstruction of candidate hairpin sequences was performed by applying a motif search correction approach. A series of sequence and thermodynamic features were obtained from each sequence and a Machine-Learning graph-based transductive algorithm was employed for predicting novel and annotated miRNA sequences. A total of 47 unreported putative porcine miRNAs were detected with this approach. The expression of three of the unreported miRNAs was assessed by using RT-qPCR analyses and their expression in an independent Göttingen minipig population was confirmed. Finally, we employed the muscle small RNA-seq data set to determine differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs between fasting and fed pigs. Gene regulatory networks for miRNA-mRNA interactions highlighted co-expression modules containing lipid-related genes. The potential influence of several DE miRNAs in regulating the expression of mRNA genes with key roles in glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis was evidenced.
Timoneda, i. Heredia Oriol. "Caracterització de microRNAs d’interès en l’espècie porcina." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/120211.
Повний текст джерелаThe discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) as novel gene expression regulators has opened a new field in the study of the roles of these small RNAs, as well as on describing in what processes they act and how they regulate gene expression. The emergence of next generation sequencing methods has allowed the description and study of miRNA expression profiles in different situations, in order to observe its involvement in biological processes, both physiological and pathological. This thesis illustrates, through two different approaches, the use of these techniques for the description, discovery and study of miRNA profiles in the porcine species. The first part of the study was designed with the aim of increasing the number of described miRNAs in pigs. The approaches used for the determination of novel miRNAs were, first of all, the expression profiling of miRNAs in the swine kidney, including the orthologous ones and, second, using a pipeline for the discovery and validation of new porcine miRNAs. Another motivation of this work was to study the possible changes in the kidney miRNAs expression patterns among pig breeds from different origins, from European to Asian breeds, including European breeds with Asian influences. In this sense, differentially expressed miRNAs have been described and their functional roles have been studied. In the second part of the study, an experimental infection with Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV), also known as suid herpesvirus type 1 (SHV-1), was carried out, using a virulent strain (NIA-3) and a vaccine strain (Begonia). Two different approaches were conducted: an in vitro approach using PK-15 cell lines, derived from pig kidney, and an in vivo approach using the olfactory bulb and trigeminal ganglia as target tissues. With the aim of studying the role of both host and viral miRNAs in host – pathogen interactions during SHV-1 infection, miRNAs expression profiles have been described and their expression differences evaluated, not only between infected and mock-infected groups, but also between strains and between the two performed approaches. New viral miRNAs have been described and their expression during the infection has been confirmed. Finally, a network of interactions between viral miRNAs, host differentially expressed miRNAs and SHV-1 encoded genes was developed using in silico functional studies. Given the importance of RT-qPCR method for validating the expression of miRNAs, we also performed an additional study to assess the expression stability of some miRNAs to be used as reference genes in relative quantification studies of RT-qPCR data, which they have not been widely used for this purpose.
Montero, Liberona Patricio Alberto. "Estudio del modelo nacional de trazabilidad porcina." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/133060.
Повний текст джерелаLa irrupción de la Encefalopatía Espongiforme Bovina en varios países europeos provocó un aumento en las preocupaciones respecto al tema de la seguridad alimentaria. Como consecuencia, se establecieron procedimientos de trazabilidad alimentaria, basados en una red de información capaz de afrontar los diferentes problemas acaecidos. Lo anterior, sumado a las nuevas exigencias del mercado exportador, trajo como consecuencia en la industria porcina nacional la necesidad de disponer de normas específicas sobre el tema, lo que se tradujo en la formulación de un Manual de Trazabilidad Porcina, patrocinado por la Asociación Gremial de Productores de Cerdo de Chile (ASPROCER). El presente trabajo comparó el modelo propuesto por ASPROCER, respecto a otros modelos internacionales, determinando similitudes y diferencias. Complementariamente, se realizó una encuesta a profesionales especialistas en el rubro, quienes participan y colaboran con dicha agrupación gremial, a modo de determinar su nivel de aproximación, aplicación y conocimiento respecto de dicho Manual. Entre sus resultados fundamentales destacan: a) Respecto al nivel de identificación de cerdos, existe una tendencia generalizada a realizar este proceso de manera individual; b) Dentro del estudio se presentaron serias diferencias de modelos respecto a los procesos de trazado propuestos; c) Frente el tiempo de respuesta, a las auditorías, al recall y a las relaciones humanas, se probó la existencia de poca información en comparación con el Manual preparado por ASPROCER y que éste, a su vez, es muy amplio para definir una única postura; d) A nivel país, no existe una cohesión entre el ámbito público-privado que apoye o valide el Manual de Trazabilidad Porcina; y, e) Se determinó por medio de la encuesta que aún no existe un adecuado nivel de conocimiento, aproximación y aplicación de este Manual a nivel de los encuestados. Por tanto, queda en evidencia que es necesario una mayor difusión de dicho manual, tanto a nivel de asociados como colaboradores, dentro de ASPROCER
Day, Simon Christopher. "Fleets and Prouinciae in the Roman Republic : institutions, administration and the conceptualisation of empire between 260 and 49 B.C." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:29ad413f-bd52-40f9-ae1c-3cb273642cdd.
Повний текст джерелаCrusca, Jaqueline de Souza. "Laser de baixa intensidade no tratamento de úlceras cutâneas aplicando curativos de pericárdio porcino revestido com quitosana." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/82/82131/tde-20072012-091549/.
Повний текст джерелаLarge skin injuries represent a major public health issue, with high costs associated with the treatments. Laser therapy has been used for decades to accelerate the process of skin healing. The porcine pericardium matrix has the potential to be used as a biological dressing, but the patch has rapid biodegradation, so chitosan was added to delay this effect. Many authors have used these treatments individually; however there is no accurate data on the combination of these therapies. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical, histological and histomorphometric photobiomodulation laser action in the repair of skin ulcers associated with porcine pericardium dressing coated with chitosan. The skin ulcer was surgically induced in 48 rats, which were distributed into 6 groups with 8 animals each: Matrix (porcine pericardium dressing), ML (porcine pericardium dressing with laser therapy), MQ (porcine pericardium dressing coated with chitosan), MQL (porcine pericardium with a bandage coated with chitosan and laser therapy), Ctrl (the control group did not receive treatment) and Laser (the control group that received only laser therapy). The laser radiation groups received the treatment immediately after the surgery, with the following characteristics: light wavelength = 660nm, irradiance = 30mW/\'CM POT.2\' and of energy density 30j/\'CM POT.2\'. The photographic record of the ulcers was performed on the 10th postoperative day and to provide the ulcerated area was used the software ImageJ. We performed a histological and histomorphometric (count of fibroblasts, inflammatory cells, blood vessels and collagen) from biopsies also on the 10th postoperatively day. The results were given as means of groups from each analysis, as follows: lesion area (Laser = 0,48 \'CM POT.2\', Matriz = 0,46 \'CM POT.2\', Ctrl = 0,28 \'CM POT.2\', ML = 0,23 \'CM POT.2\', MQ = 0,22 \'CM POT.2\' e MQL = 0,19 \'CM POT.2\'), collagen formation (Laser = 54,51%, Matriz = 51,75%, Ctrl = 58,84%, ML = 68,77%, MQ = 69,50% e MQL = 71,72%), inflammatory cells (Laser = 126,31, Matriz = 132,40, Ctrl = 101,85, ML = 97,67, MQ = 95,27 e MQL = 94,15); blood vessels (Laser = 6,83, Matriz = 4,48, Ctrl = 5,37, ML = 7,46, MQ = 5,42 e MQL = 3,98) and fibroblasts (Laser = 55,83, Matriz = 71,31, Ctrl = 78,63, ML = 85,40, MQ = 105,06 e MQL = 108,58). Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with Tukey\'s post hoc to compare the groups with a significance level of 95% (p<0.05). Based on these findings, we observed that there was a statistically significant improvement in the group with porcine pericardium dressings coated with chitosan associated with the application of laser therapy (MQL) compared to control, displaying more effective in healing ulcers.
Bandilla, Félix Ulises. "PROPUESTA DE MANUAL DE OPERACIÓN PARA LA SUBSECCIÓN PORCINA DE LA GRANJA SEDENA No. 1, “LA ESTANCIA, QUERÉTARO." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/94401.
Повний текст джерелаLowe, Jenna Louise. "Lipid metabolism during the in vitro production of porcine embryos." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13998.
Повний текст джерелаHernández, Meroño Marta. "Criopreservación espermática en la especie porcina: variabilidad individual." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10982.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis was to study which factors could explain part of the ejaculate variation in sperm freezability, the incidence of DNA fragmentation in frozen-thawed boar spermatozoa, whether different boars require modifications in the freezing and thawing protocol to enhance sperm cryosurvival and, the possible role of seminal plasma in boar sperm freezability. The results revealed that boar is the most important factor explaining the different susceptibility among ejaculates to sustain cryopreservation and that the intra-boar variability is relatively low. The overall DNA damage in frozen-thawed boar sperm is low and slight adjustment of the glycerol concentration and warming rate provides a better sperm cryosurvival, particularly in those ejaculates which are considered as "bad" freezers. Finally, supplementation of freezing media with seminal plasma from males with "good" freezability, has a beneficial effect on post-thaw sperm cryosurvival
Beaudoin, Isabelle. "Méthodes d'optimisation du revenu net de l'engraissement porcin." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2001. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4491.
Повний текст джерелаRaelison, Elysée. "Développement de l'élevage porcin en milieu rural malgache." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON10045.
Повний текст джерелаIn the malagasy rural area, which is complicated and diversified, one can find porcine breeding everywhere, but its importance, is different from a region to another? the breeding specially takes place in the high plateau and in the middle-west of madagascar and also at the coast side of the country where the migration of the high land population is very im1ortant the promotion of the branch of the porcine breeding goes through of a control of the agricultural production whose value of the by-products can be enhanced by this activity and a better framing and then by supporting the farmers. In a politic of agricultural development, the revival of this activity is based on the fact that it comes to complete the farmers' agricultural activities and on its role of transition, which entitles an economy of subsistence of self-consumption to change into an economy of exchange. Moreover, the porcine breeding could be a solution to the food problems in madagascar by changing the structure of food consumption in supplying more animal proteins, specially when cattle-meat is
Beaudoin, Isabelle. "Méthodes d'optimisation du revenu net de l'engraissement porcin." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2001.
Знайти повний текст джерелаRaelison, Elysée. "Développement de l'élevage porcin en milieu rural malgache." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37609123g.
Повний текст джерелаBorrisser, Pairó Francesc. "Anàlisi del potencial de mercat de la carn procedent de porcs mascles sencers com a alternativa a la castració quirúrgica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398791.
Повний текст джерелаLa castració quirúrgica dels garrins és una pràctica molt utilitzada pels productors per evitar l’olor sexual (androstenona i escatol) en la carn, i per millorar-ne la qualitat sensorial. La Comissió Europea pretén eliminar la castració quirúrgica a partir de l’any 2018 per motius de benestar. L’objectiu d’aquesta tesi és analitzar l’efecte que tindria aquesta prohibició sobre el sector porcí espanyol. Es van realitzar 3 estudis: estudiar la prevalença d’olor sexual en diferents comunitats autònomes; estudiar l’opinió del sector sobre la possible prohibició de la castració; estudiar estratègies d’emmascarament d’androstenona. Els resultats mostren que 1 de cada 10 porcs mascles sencers poden presentar nivells alts d’olor sexual, que la prohibició de la castració seria problemàtica per a la producció d’alta qualitat però no per a la convencional, i que l’arrebossat amb all i julivert i fregit i la cuina al buit poden ser estratègies útils per emmascarar l’androstenona en la carn.
Costa, Marta Rebelo Pinto Leal da. "Efeito da suplementação da dieta com extratos de algas e argilas na ocorrência de diarreia neonatal e nos parâmetros produtivos em leitões." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21178.
Повний текст джерелаA diarreia é o sinal clínico mais frequente de presença de doença e o principal motivo de uso de antimicrobianos em leitões durante a fase de cria. No contexto da One Health, a redução de uso de antimicrobianos na produção animal é uma necessidade no combate ao desenvolvimento de resistências a antimicrobianos. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação de leitões com dois extratos de algas e argila comerciais, em simultâneo, na ocorrência de diarreia neonatal, no uso consequente de antimicrobianos e o desempenho produtivo dos leitões e das ninhadas ao desmame. Para isso, ao longo de 4 bandas semanais, selecionaram-se 30 ninhadas para o grupo controlo e 36 ninhadas para o grupo tratamento, nas quais se selecionaram 7 a 8 leitões por ninhada. Tendo sido eliminados os leitões da amostra que morreram ao longo deste período, obteve-se uma amostra final de 188 leitões do grupo controlo e 177 leitões do grupo tratamento. No grupo tratamento, administrou-se oralmente Seagut® pasta a todos os leitões da ninhada nas primeiras 24h de vida e o Ecopiglet® em pó foi colocado na zona de descanso, a partir do terceiro dia de vida, durante uma semana. Os leitões foram pesados ao nascimento e na véspera do dia de desmame. Registaram-se o número de nascidos vivos, nascidos mortos e nascidos mumificados, a mortalidade, o número de leitões desmamados por porca, a ocorrência de diarreia nas ninhadas, os tratamentos antimicrobianos convencionais da ninhada completa e os tratamentos de leitões individualmente. Não se verificaram diferenças na mortalidade nem no número de leitões desmamados por porca. O ganho médio diário, por sua vez foi superior nos leitões do grupo que foi suplementado. Verificou-se uma tendência para uma diminuição da ocorrência de diarreia nas ninhadas do grupo tratado e foi possível obter uma redução significativa dos tratamentos das ninhadas completas, a par de uma tendência para uma redução dos tratamentos individuais. Em conclusão, apesar do custo superior do uso destes suplementos antimicrobianos relativamente ao uso de antimicrobianos convencionais, deve ser tido em conta que se melhorou a saúde animal e foi possível reduzir o uso de antimicrobianos.
ABSTRACT - Diarrhoea is the most frequent clinical sign of disease and the main reason for the use of antimicrobials in suckling piglets. In the context of One Health, reduction of antimicrobial use in animal production is a requirement in fighting antimicrobial resistance. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of piglet supplementation with two commercial algae extracts and clay products simultaneously, on the presence of neonatal diarrhoea, its consequent use of antimicrobials and the productive performance of piglets and litters. In 4 herds 30 litters were selected for the control group and 36 litters for the treatment group, in which 7 to 8 piglets per litter were selected. 188 piglets from the control group and 177 piglets from the treatment group reached the end of the experiment. In treatment group Seagut® paste was administered orally to all piglets from the litter one day postpartum and the Ecopiglet® dry powder was put in the creep area, from the third day postpartum during one week. Piglets were weighed after delivery and on day before weaning. The number of born alive, stillborn and mummified, mortality, piglets weaned per sow, occurrence of diarrhoea in litters, conventional antimicrobial treatments of the complete litter and the treatments of piglets individually were recorded. Neither mortality rate nor number of piglets weaned per sow differed between the groups. On the other hand, average daily gain was higher in supplemented piglets. There was a tendency for a decrease in presence of diarrhoea in litters in the treatment group. There was a significant reduction in treatments of the whole litters and a tendency for a reduction of the individual piglet treatments. In conclusion, despite the higher cost these antimicrobial supplements comparing to conventional antimicrobials, it should be considered animal health and welfare have been improved and there was a reduction of antimicrobial use.
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Saade, Georges. "Les co-infections respiratoires du porc. Co-infections des cellules et des tissus respiratoires porcins par le virus de l’influenza A et le virus du syndrome dysgénésique et respiratoire porcin." Thesis, Nantes, Ecole nationale vétérinaire, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021ONIR152F.
Повний текст джерелаRespiratory co-infections in pigs are more common than infections caused by a single pathogen. First of all, we identified the viral and bacterial porcine co-infections studies and we detailed the possible molecular consequences on the porcine host. The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and the swine Influenza A Virus (swIAV), are major contributors to the porcine respiratory disease complex. SwIAV primarily infects epithelial cells while PRRSV infects cells expressing CD163 such as alveolar macrophages (AM). In order to evaluate the antiviral response of the porcine host and to study the effect of a pre-infection with PRRSV on the replication of swIAV, a series of co-infections and superinfections were carried out on tracheal epithelial cells and precision-cut lung slices. The results showed that PRRSV can interfere with swIAV infection and alter the cellular antiviral response without infecting epithelial cells. This effect of PRRSV appears to be less important following an increase in the delay between viral inoculations. Finally, a series of experiments enabled us to identify the pathogens circulating in pigs from a local slaughterhouse and to assess the effect of the various bacterial and viral infections, on the alveolar macrophages trained immunity and their ability to replicate viruses in case of superinfection. This study contributes to the understanding of porcine immune response to respiratory coinfections for a better management of respiratory diseases in swine
com, jmuhling@gmail, and Jill Muhling. "Australian Porcine Circoviruses." Murdoch University, 2006. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20061129.141643.
Повний текст джерелаMuhling, Jill. "Australian porcine circoviruses." Thesis, Muhling, Jill (2006) Australian porcine circoviruses. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2006. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/488/.
Повний текст джерелаMuhling, Jill. "Australian porcine circoviruses." Muhling, Jill (2006) Australian porcine circoviruses. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2006. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/488/.
Повний текст джерелаGadea, Mateos Joaquín. "Predicción de la fertilidad "in vivo" de los eyaculados de verraco mediante parámetros rutinarios de contrastación seminal, pruebas bioquímicas y el test homólogo de penetración "in vitro"." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10852.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between theparameters of seminal quality and homologous oocytes in vitro penetration capacityversus the reproductive parameters, fertility and litter size which were bothdetermined in a field trial.Sixty boar ejaculates have been analysed, performing on each of them:conventional semen analysis (motility, volume, sperm concentration, normal acrosome, morphology and structural integrity), biochemical parameters (ATP, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium and zinc), functional sperm assays (Hypoosmotic swelling test (HOST), Carboxiflorescin Diacetate Test (DCF), Osmotic Resistance Test (ORT)) and the homologous in vitro penetration test. The results observed upon a in vitro semen valoration were checked with those obtained upon a in vivo trial with homospermic insemination.In our experimental conditions the study of motility, morphology, normalacrosomes and functional test may be a good tool, in a first analysis, to get rid of poor seminal quality ejaculates. Still, this analysis is not accurate enough to bring outsatisfactory results to predict the in vivo fertilization capacity. In the light of theseresults only the homologous in vitro penetration test has been found able todiscriminate the different groups of fertility and litter size. None the less an extensive study is required.
Stocker, Claire Joanne. "The characterisation of porcine endothelial porcine ICAM-1 and P-selectin." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391827.
Повний текст джерелаVERNET, ELISABETH. "Traitement de la maladie des membranes hyalines du premature par un surfactant exogene d'origine porcine : curosurf." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR1M181.
Повний текст джерелаBazzell, Jennifer Diane. "The Role of Women in The Merchant of Venice: Wives and Daughters Ahead of Their Time." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193464.
Повний текст джерелаJean, dit Bailleul Philippe. "Modélisation et optimisation du revenu net de l'engraissement porcin." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ31737.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBoisclair, Dominic. "Étude des fractures vertébrales traumatiques sur un modèle porcin." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2012. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/1046/1/BOISCLAIR_Dominic.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDOLINSEK, AVRELIJA. "Etude biochimique et biologique de l'interferon - gamma trophoblastique porcin." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112297.
Повний текст джерелаLeBel, Geneviève. "Effets de bactériocines sur le pathogène porcin "Streptococcus suis"." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25219.
Повний текст джерелаLópez, Úbeda Rebeca. "Spermatozoa selection in porcine species : relation with their functionality and in vitro fertilization competence= Selección de los espermatozoides en la especie porcina: relación con su funcionalidad y capacidad de fecundación in vitro." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/346054.
Повний текст джерелаFor many years, attempts have been made to control sperm selection and capacitation in order to simulate under in vitro conditions, but the results are highly variable and are far from in vivo ones. The aim of this thesis was the study of sperm subpopulations that have been previously selected by different methods: in vitro (Percoll gradients in Chapter 1, oviductal cells culture in Chapter 2 and by combining both in Chapter 3), ex vivo (in oviductal explants, Chapter 2) and in vivo (in the oviduct of the sow after insemination, Chapter 2), and their relationship with functionality, sperm capacitation status and fertilizing capacity. In Chapter 1 centrifugation by Percoll gradients was analysed as a sperm selection and capacitation method, and its efficiency for selecting sperm was evaluated. Three different Percoll gradient combinations (45/60, 60/75 and 45/90%) were used. In experiment 1, several parameters related to sperm function were analysed in the different sperm populations obtained through the three experimental techniques. The results of this experiment showed that as the Percoll gradient increased, the number of morphologically abnormal sperm or sperm with DNA fragmentation is reduced, recovering especially those sperm that have begun the process of sperm capacitation (since 95% of spermatozoa present tyrosine phosphorylation in any of the studied areas). So, we can say that the separation of sperm by Percoll gradients is primarily based on their functional differences. In experiment 2, the different sperm populations were used in an in vitro fertilization system to evaluate the penetration rate and checking which Percoll gradient selects the best sperm for fertilization purposes. The penetration rate and the mean number of spermatozoa found in each oocyte were evaluated. The results showed that spermatozoa obtained from the most restrictive Percoll gradient (45/90%) had higher levels of penetration. In Chapter 2 the capacitation status of sperm selected by the oviductal epithelial cells was evaluated (by measuring levels of tyrosine phosphorylation) under three conditions: in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. The results showed that the phosphorylation pattern changes when sperm are incubated with the epithelial cells of the oviduct, with differences between sperm bound or unbound to the cells. It was concluded that the epithelial cells of the oviduct are able to select spermatozoa with a low level of tyrosine phosphorylation in any of the studied conditions. In Chapter 3 sperm selected by Percoll gradients (45/90%) were incubated with in vitro cultured oviductal epithelial cells. This incubation resulted in two distinct sperm populations: sperm bound to cells and sperm unbound. The study was divided into two experiments. In experiment 1 the ability of the two populations to fertilize was evaluated using different parameters. The results showed that the doubly selected sperm led to better results in the in vitro fertilization systems, significantly improving penetration rates. In experiment 2 the functional characteristics of sperm from the two populations were analysed. The results indicated that the oviductal epithelial cells bind higher quality sperm according to different functional parameters and perform their own sperm selection. In summary, the results of this thesis show that the oviductal epithelial cells are able to distinguish those sperm with a higher fertilization capacity. In the future this could provide an increase in the efficiency of assisted reproduction systems thereby preventing the partially subjective selection that currently exists in conventional sperm selection techniques.
Revilla, Sánchez Manuel. "Genomic and functional genomic analysis of fatty acid composition in swine." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405710.
Повний текст джерелаPork is one of the main sources of human-consumed meat and consumer’s preference towards high quality meat is increasing. Hence, understanding the molecular mechanisms affecting meat production and quality would help in the selection of these traits. Meat quality is determined largely by its fatty acid (FA) composition and understanding the underlying molecular processes of FA composition is the general objective of this thesis. We analyzed quantitative trait loci (QTL) on porcine chromosome 8 (SCC8) for FA composition in backfat, identifying two trait-associated SNP regions at 93 Mb and 119 Mb. The strongest statistical signals for both regions were observed for palmitoleic acid and, C18:0/C16:0 and C18:1(n-7)/C16:1(n-7) elongation ratios. MAML3 and SETD7 genes were analyzed as positional candidate genes in the 93 Mb region. The two novel microsatellites analyzed in the MAML3 gene, and the SETD7:c.700G>T SNP in the SETD7 gene did not show the strongest signal in this region, discarding these polymorphisms as the causal mutations. Furthermore, in the 119 Mb region, the ELOVL6:c.-533C>T SNP showed a strong association with the percentage of palmitic and palmitoleic acids and elongation ratios in backfat. These results for ELOVL6 gene, support the hypothesis that it has a pleiotropic effect in backfat and muscle for the 119 Mb QTL, and reinforce this gene as a strong candidate for the SSC8 QTL for FA composition. Moreover, whole genome sequence (WGS) data from Iberian and Landrace pigs were used to identify 1,279 copy number variations (CNVs), merging into 540 swine CNV regions (CNVRs). The impact of four of them in growth and FA composition in intramuscular fat and backfat was studied. Association with carcass length and FA composition in backfat and intramuscular fat was showed for the CNVR112, containing the GPAT2 gene which catalyse the biosynthesis of triglycerides and glycerophospholipids. These results underline the importance of CNVRs affecting economically important traits in pigs. Finally, the adipose tissue mRNA expression of 44 candidate genes related with lipid metabolism was analyzed in 115 animals. The expression genome-wide association (eGWAS) identified 193 eSNPs located in 19 expression QTLs (eQTLs). Three out of 19 eQTLs corresponding to ACSM5, FABP4, and FADS2 were classified as cis-acting eQTLs, whereas the remaining 16 eQTLs had trans-regulatory effects. These findings and the polymorphisms evaluated for some of these genes provide new data to further understand the functional mechanisms implicated in the variation of meat quality traits in pigs.
Almeida, Bruno Araújo de. "Preparação de cerâmicos de YSZ tricamada porosa/densa/porosa com porosidade ajustável." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/2305.
Повний текст джерелаO trabalho realizado tem como principal objectivo obter cerâmicos tricamada porosa/densa/porosa de YSZ (sigla inglesa para Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia), com micro e macroporosidade de geometria ajustável, recorrendo a réplicas de materiais orgânicos fibrosos e particulados, bem como obter células electroquímicas de alta temperatura por inflitração de soluções de precursores adequados nas camadas porosas de YSZ. Recorreu-se a várias técnicas de caracterização tais como o cálculo de densidades aparentes pela relação volume:massa e pela espessura das diferentes camadas, Método de Arquimedes, Microscopia Electrónica de Varrimento, Análises Térmicas de ATD/TG e Difracção de Raios X. Foram estudadas diversas variáveis nomeadamente, escolha e selecção de agentes porogéneos – fibrosos e particulados –, composição da mistura que dará origem às camadas porosas, isto é, equilíbrio entre o volume incorporado de agente porogéneo e de pó cerâmico, bem como a relação entre o agente fibroso e o particulado; testes para seleccionar entre o ciclo de sinterização convencional e o ciclo de sinterização em duas etapas e eventuais melhorias no processamento cerâmico. Os agentes porogéneos seleccionados foram as fibras de celulose enquanto agente fibroso, e amido de milho enquanto agente particulado. Relativamente à composição, veio a provar-se dos testes efectuados que aquela que mais se adequa e melhores resultados apresentou apresenta 70% de agente porogéneo e 30% de pó cerâmico, 3-YSZ. Quanto à relação entre os dois agentes porogéneos na mistura, veio a evidenciar-se a necessidade de incorporar uma quantidade substancialmente maior de fibras de celulose, 70 - 80% e, 20 a 30% de amido de milho. A co-sinterização de multicamadas cerâmicas, com e sem agentes porogéneos, recorrendo a ciclos em duas etapas permitiu obter estruturas multicamada densa-porosa em que as camadas porosas apresentam, num corpo mecanicamente estável, simultaneamente macroporosidade e nanoporosidade, enquanto que as camadas densas apresentam níveis de densificação superiores a 95%. ABSTRACT: The main goal of this work was to obtain triple-layered ceramics porous/dense/porous of YSZ (Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia), with micro and macroporosity of adjustable geometry, using fibrous and particles organic materials, as also obtain high temperature electrochemical cells by impregnation of appropriate precursors solutions on the porous layers of YSZ. Several characterization techniques were used in particular the determination of the apparent density by the relationship between volume:mass and the thickness of the different layer, Archimedes’s Method, Scanning Electronic Microscopy, Thermal Analysis of DTA/TG and X Ray Diffraction. Several variables were studied like the choice and selection of the materials – fibrous and particulate – in order to create porosity; composition of the mixture that will become the porous layers, the relation between organic elements and ceramic powder, as well as the combination between the fibrous and particulate agent; selection of the best sintering cycle – conventional cycle or two step sintering cycle –, and also improvements in ceramic processing. The organic materials selected were cellulose fibers as fibrous element, and corn starch as particulate element. About the composition, the results showed that the best was 70% of porous former element, and 30% of ceramic powder, 3-YSZ. The relation between the two organic elements was 75% in volume for cellulose fibers, and 25% for corn starch. The results showed that it was necessary to incorporate much more volume of fibers than starch. The sintering of ceramic, with and without porous former, in two steps seems to offer better results in densification of dense layers, and also The co-sintering of multilayer ceramics, with and without pore formers, using cycles in two steps, allow to obtain dense-porous multilayered structures, where porous layers were mechanically stable, with macro- and nanoporosity, while the dense layers present levels of densification above 95%.