Дисертації з теми "Pompe de charge instable"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-20 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Pompe de charge instable".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Hodzic, Naida. "Study of triboelectric kinetic energy harvester with an asymmetric double variable capacitor implemented in a bennet doubler." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Gustave Eiffel, 2022. https://these.univ-paris-est.fr/intranet/2022/UEFL-2022/TH2022UEFL2072.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаEnergy harvesting is the process that involves converting otherwise unused energy present in our environment into usable electrical energy that can be used to power an electronic system. Electrostatic kinetic energy harvesters (eKEHs) utilize vastly present kinetic energy that originates either from an object in motion or vibrations and converts it into electrical energy. The employed principle is based on a polarized variable electrostatic capacitor. With an addition of a triboelectric layer between its plates and utilizing the triboelectrification effect, an eKEH is transformed into a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). This type of transducer accumulates charges by contact in the triboelectric layer which thus becomes an electret whose generated semi-permanent electric field allows a variation of the distribution of the electric charges in the electrodes by electrostatic induction.Altering the architecture of a TENG by adding the third electrode, a single-capacitive transducer is converted into a double-capacitive TENG. Doubling the conversion element in a transducer is expected to increase the amount of converted energy. Chosen electronics circuit to condition obtained signal from the generator is Bennet’s charge doubler. An increase without saturation point at the output of this circuit is the unique characteristic of this unstable charge pump. It reflects through an exponential increase of output voltage and a number of charges accumulated in the storage capacitor which increase (in theory) in an infinite way. This means that the surface of the charge-voltage cycle at the terminals of the TENG, and thus the converted energy of the mechanical domain, increases at each iteration of the mechanical cycle of the transducer.The scope of this thesis encompasses the simulation, analytical and experimental research of Bennet’s charge doubler with two asymmetric variable capacitors each containing a triboelectric layer. It is postulated that the performance of the "double TENG" - "double Bennet" system is superior to the classic Bennet’s double. The results of analytical and simulation analysis have shown that the expected behavior of this circuit aligns with hypothesized performance results. The system has been tested experimentally. It is concluded that the results of the constructed system are relevant when compared with the reported performance of the classic "single-capacitive TENG" - "Bennet’s doubler" system.When compared with classic Bennet’s doubler, double Bennet reaches the same voltage levels in less time. That is due to the advantage of double capacitive TENG which increases the number of accumulated charges per mechanical cycle. In analytical analysis, it was found that the two TENG capacitors are codependent and that in operation they affect one another.The output signal of double Bennet is characterized by high voltages ranging from a few hundreds of volts to a few kilovolts (kV). To reduce the rectified output voltage to a level compatible with a commercial application, a Buck DC-DC converter is implemented. This requires a switch. This thesis proposes and studies the use of a high-voltage MEMS micro-plasma switch whose actuation voltages is defined by Paschen’s law. Within the scope of this thesis, the theoretical and experimental studies of this law at the micrometer scale propose optimal actuation voltages for better management of the converted energy
DIQUERO, VINCENT. "Diabete instable, micro-pompe a insuline et psychologie : apport du test psychometrique." Angers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ANGE1034.
Повний текст джерелаLEMAITRE, RACT ISABELLE. "Prise en charge et evolution de 61 cas d'angor instable hospitalises entre 1981 et 1990." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1M161.
Повний текст джерелаMartin, Valérie Chambonet Jean-Yves. "Prise en charge en médecine générale d' un syndrome coronarien aigu l' angor instable /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/MEDmartin.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBusato, Giulio. "Analisi teorica e sperimentale sulle pompe di calore." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423621.
Повний текст джерелаQuesta tesi di dottorato è incentrata sull’analisi teorica e sperimentale di macchine frigorifere e in particolare di pompe di calore. Nella prima parte si affronta il calcolo di progetto e di verifica di macchine frigorifere e dei loro componenti. Attraverso un’accurata modellizzazione dei dispositivi coinvolti e dello scambio termico si è giunti a sviluppare un software di calcolo completo, che permette di valutare il comportamento di questo tipo di macchine anche in punti di lavoro off-design. Una parte consistente del lavoro è stata dedicata al calcolo della carica di refrigerante ottimale e agli effetti di accumulo di carica nel ricevitore di liquido con diverse condizioni al contorno. I risultati che si sono ottenuti sono stati verificati confrontando i risultati teorici con prove sperimentali effettuate ad hoc su un prototipo appositamente predisposto e su varie altre produzioni di serie presso la sala prove di Hiref S.p.A. La seconda sezione affronta lo studio delle pompe di calore ad assorbimento ad acqua-ammoniaca. Anche in questo caso l’approccio è dapprima quello del calcolo di progetto termodinamico, seguito da una verifica delle stime effettuate attraverso prove sperimentali su di un prototipo. Nella terza sezione del lavoro viene effettuata un’analisi energetica su un impianto di nuova concezione confrontando i possibili vantaggi rispetto a sistemi tradizionali di generazione. Lo studio si articola attraverso varie simulazioni dinamiche svolte in ambiente TRNSYS. A tal fine è stato possibile ottimizzare i modelli di simulazione dei singoli componenti, avendo accesso ai dati sperimentali sulle prestazioni delle singole macchine. Inoltre è stato possibile condurre delle prove su un impianto pilota installato presso i laboratori di SIME S.p.A. Ciò ha permesso di ricavare informazioni utili per modellizzare il comportamento dinamico di un serbatoio di accumulo combinato con stratificazione. Dopo aver calibrato i modelli dei singoli componenti di impianto è stato possibile ricostruire un modello completo dell’impianto e di una villetta bifamiliare in ambiente TRNSYS; il modello considera il riscaldamento sia a bassa che ad alta temperatura e la produzione di acqua calda sanitaria. Il sistema ibrido composto da caldaia modulante a condensazione, pompa di calore reversibile e solare termico viene messo a confronto con una soluzione convenzionale, ovvero un impianto con sola caldaia, e con diverse combinazioni di fonti energetiche.
Guler, Nazmine Bellou Abdelouahab. "Evalution de la prise en charge des syndromes coronaires aigus avec SUS décalage du segment ST aux urgences étude rétrospective réalisée dans trois services d'urgences lorrains /." [S.l] : [s.n], 2005. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2005_GULER_NAZMINE.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMaroufi, Saïd. "Contribution à l'étude de l'apparition des recirculations en sortie de roue dans une pompe centrifuge fonctionnant à débits partiels." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10028.
Повний текст джерелаHeitz, Jérôme. "Etude, modélisation et conception d'un multicapteur chimique à base de CNTFET." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAD031/document.
Повний текст джерелаFor the last few years, improvised peroxide based explosives are frequently used in acts of terrorism. Their simple design does not make them less threatening than those based on TNT because they are equally as powerful as those based on TNT (trinitrotoluene). In view of the major issues of the overall safety and, in particular, the citizens' protection, it becomes necessary to enjoy reliable detection instruments. Such is the background of this PhD work which aims to develop a built-in sensor,sensitive and selective to traces of explosives, especially those based on peroxide. This electronic nose is made up of a network of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFET), and data processing hardware. After a brief introduction relating to CNTFETs for gaseous detection, we will provide the basis for the elaboration of an electronic modeling of the sensor. This modeling aims, at the end, to allow designers of integrated circuits to benefit from a simulation support of CNTFETs, required to the implementation of control and signal conditioning electronics. We will also detail what are the fundamental steps mandatory before the development of a predictive compact model based on physics, which means the topological understanding of the nanotubes network. Then, we will describe different probabilities of contacts between nanotubes. Later, we will introduce the elaboration of the electronics allowing the control of the voltages applied to the CNTFETs and the electrical signals conditioning. The objective of this conditioning is to carry electrical responses from the sensor to data processing architectures used for the detection of the different target gasses. High Voltage CMOS integrated electronics are powered by low-voltage batteries. Charge pumps and voltage boosters which generate these high voltages, have been investigated, modeled and carried out. We also provide in this dissertation a new charge pump architecture which offers, in some ranges of application, an interesting alternative to the most efficient charge pumps used until now
Guillemet, Raphaël. "Etude et réalisation d'un récupérateur d'énergie vibratoire par transduction électrostatique en technologie MEMS silicium." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1082/document.
Повний текст джерелаA relevant solution to power isolated sensors is to harvest the energy available in their immediate environment. Among the possible sources of energy, our choice was made on ambient mechanical vibrations. We have designed and fabricated a silicon-based and batch-processed MEMS electrostatic transducer which does not use an electret. We present an analytical method to optimize the efficiency of the electrostatic generator, while a voltage limitation on the transducer's terminal is set to prevent any damage in the conditioning electronics. The proposed design also takes into account some possible variations in the amplitude of external vibration. The device was fabricated in ESIEE Paris and its volume is less than 100 mm3. The device was tested experimentally and exhibits a strong non-linear behavior. We obtained a conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy corresponding to a power of 2.3 μW at 260 Hz, with an acceleration of 1 g and a pressure of 0.15 Torr, when the system is pre-charged with a voltage of10 V. When the device is implemented in a charge pump circuit and under the same parameters of acceleration and pressure, the system can operate in autonomous mode for more than 500 seconds during which the output power varies from 1.4 μW to 940 nW when the pre-charge voltage is 10.6 V
Guillemet, Raphaël, and Raphaël Guillemet. "Etude et réalisation d'un récupérateur d'énergie vibratoire par transduction électrostatique en technologie MEMS silicium." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00786355.
Повний текст джерелаNgueya, Wandji Steve. "Conception de circuits mémoires flash pour plateforme ultra faible consommation." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0586.
Повний текст джерелаThe market of secure connected devices is booming and requires low power development platforms for contactless applications in reduced form factors. The reduction in the form factor impacts the antenna size and thus leads to a decrease of the energy available in the chip, which should reduce drastically its consumption while keeping performances. One of the main contributors to the chip consumption is the embedded non-volatile memory (eNVM) used for storage and code execution. Therefore, for a given technology, it is necessary to design peripheral blocks of the memory array under strong consumption constraints. The aim of the thesis is to select a very low-power embedded nonvolatile memory technology compatible with the classical CMOS process, to identify the critical blocks during the operations of the memory, and finally to propose solutions to minimize the power consumption of each critical block.In order to do this, a study of all the embedded non-volatile memories available on the market is carried out. It emerges that the Flash technology, in particular the SuperFlash® ESF3 based NOR Flash technology, is best suited for remote-powered systems. The study of the NOR Flash macrocell shows that during write and erase operations, the system consumption is mainly related to the high voltage generation by charge pumps. However, during a read operation, overall performances of the system is determined by the sense amplifier. A design work for each individual block is then implemented to reduce consumption
Mahmood, Paracha Ayyaz. "Design and fabrication of Mems-based, vibration powered energy harvesting device using electrostatic transduction." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00584339.
Повний текст джерелаJeše, Uroš. "Numerical study of pump-turbine instabilities : pumping mode off-design conditions." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAI090/document.
Повний текст джерелаFlexibility and energy storage seem to be the main challenges of the energy industry at the present time. Pumped Storage Power Plants (PSP), using reversible pump-turbines, are among the most cost-efficient solutions to answer these needs. To provide a rapid adjustment to the electrical grid, pump-turbines are subjects of quick switching between pumping and generating modes and to extended operation under off-design conditions. To maintain the stability of the grid, the continuous operating area of reversible pump-turbines must be free of hydraulic instabilities. Two main sources of pumping mode instabilities are the presence of the cavitation and the rotating stall, both occurring at the part load. Presence of cavitation can lead into vibrations, loss of performance and sometimes erosion. Moreover, due to rotating stall that can be observed as periodic occurrence and decay of recirculation zones in the distributor regions, the machine can be exposed to uncontrollable shift between the operating points with the significant discharge modification and the drop of the efficiency. Both phenomena are very complex, three-dimensional and demanding for the investigation. Especially rotating stall in the pump-turbines is poorly addressed in the literature. First objective of the presented PhD study has been to develop the cost-efficient numerical methodology in order to enable the accurate prediction and analysis of the off-design part load phenomena. The investigations have been made on the reduce-scaled high head pump-turbine design (nq = 27rpm) provided by Alstom Hydro. Steady and unsteady numerical calculations have been performed using code FINE/Turbo with barotropic cavitation model implemented and developed before in the laboratory. Some of the numerical results have been compared to the experimental data. Cavitating flow analysis has been made for various flow rates and wide range of cavitation levels. Flow investigation has been focused on the cavitation influence on the flow behavior and on the performance of the machine. Main analyses include incipient cavitation values, head drop curves and cavitation forms prediction for wide ranges of flow rates and NPSH values. Special attention has been put on the interaction between cavitation forms and the performance drop (hump zone) caused by the rotating stall. Cavitation results showed good agreement with the provided experimental data. Second part of the thesis has been focused on the prediction and analysis of the rotating stall flow patterns. Computationally fast steady simulations has been presented and used to predict stable and unstable operating regions. The analyses have been done on 4 different guide vanes openings and 2 guide vanes geometries. In order to get detailed information about the unsteady flow patterns related to the rotating stall, more exact unsteady simulations have been performed. Local flow study has been done to describe in details the governing mechanisms of the rotating stall. The analyses enable the investigations of the rotating stall frequencies, number of stalled cells and the intensity of the rotating stall. Moreover, the unsteady calculations give very good prediction of the pump-turbine performance for both, stable and unstable operating regions. Numerical results give very good qualitative and quantitative agreement with the available experimental data. The approach appears to be very reliable, robust and precise. Even though the numerical results (rotating stall frequencies, number of cells...) on the actual geometry should be confirmed experimentally, author believes that the methodology could be used on any other pump-turbine (or centrifugal pump) geometry. Moreover, the simulations can be used industrially to study the effects of the guide vanes geometries, guide vanes opening angles and influence of the gap between the impeller and the distributor in order to reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of the rotating stall
Gonzalez, Vallejo Isabel. "Study of the structural dynamics of phase transitions using time resolved electron and X-ray diffraction." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS496.
Повний текст джерелаThe application of an external perturbation in certain materials (such as temperature, pressure or light) often gives rise to the emergence of new macroscopic properties with their origin at the atomic level. Therefore, a detailed study of the atomic dynamics becomes essential to the understanding of processes such as chemical transformations or phase transitions. In the particular case of structural phase transitions, the symmetry of the crystal undergoes a transformation between two different states at a given critical value. The typical time scales of the structural dynamics occur on the order of few hundreds of femtoseconds to several picoseconds. The development of femtosecond laser pulses has enabled scientists to access the required time scales to explore the ultrafast dynamics of the lattice structure in the relevant time scales. More precisely, time-resolved diffraction has proven to be an ideal technique to track and unveil the out-of-equilibrium pathways followed by the lattice after a short laser pulse.This thesis presents experimental studies performed by time-resolved electron and X-ray diffraction techniques on two different structural phase transitions. In a first part, we demonstrate the capabilities of the ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) experimental setup developed at Laboratoire d’Optique Apliquée. Our UED experimental results performed on high quality single crystal samples are presented along with a quantitative study of the implications of dynamical diffraction effects in UED experiments. In a second part, we present a set of pump-probe electron diffraction experiments performed on GdTe₃, a compound belonging to the rare-earth Tritellurides family which presents a charge density wave state. The arrival of an optical excitation triggers the phase transition non-thermally with the out-of-equilibrium relaxation dynamics of the charge density wave state characterized by slowing down that increases with incident fluence as well as with initial sample temperature. These results shed more light on current controversial interpretations involving the emergence of photoinduced topological defects. In a third part, we present time resolved X-ray diffraction experiments performed at CRISTAL beamline at SOLEIL synchrotron. In this case we have studied the A15 compound Nb₃Sn, which displays a displacive phase transition evolving from cubic to tetragonal symmetry at thermal equilibrium. Our pump-probe results present evidence of a different lattice response with respect to the thermal equilibrium transition, encouragingf uture investigations on the dynamics of this material
Despré, Victor. "Dynamique électronique à l'échelle attoseconde et femtoseconde en physique moléculaire : une approche ab-initio." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10142/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe advent of attosecond physics has brought new experimental and theoretical challenges. Indeed, the observation of dynamic processes occurring at the intrinsic time scale of charge motion at atomic scale, allows to consider new processes for which the role of correlations and non-adiabatic couplings become primordial. The work presented in this manuscript falls in the context of the study of complex molecules subject to a short light pulse. For such time (femtosecond / attosecond) and energy scales (IR / XUV), the main approximations that permit the study of electronic systems are no longer appropriate. In this thesis, we present the simulations realized for the theoretical study of molecules in such conditions. We studied the correlated charge migration dynamics in several molecules like the benzene, different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and molecules of biological interest such as phenylalanine. This kind of dynamics has never been observed experimentally. Hence, a particular attention was paid to the feasibility of an experiment in the case of the benzene molecule. The non-adiabatic relaxations of the naphthalene molecule subjected to a XUV pulse were also studied. Finally, dynamics occurring at the optical cycle time scale experienced by a group of medium-sized molecules subject to an IR pulse, were discussed. These simulations were used to interpret pump-probe experiments made by members of our team
Jahier, Erwan. "Voies ouvertes par des cellules en saphir pour des expériences de violation de parité détectée par émission stimulée." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00000883.
Повний текст джерелаsaphir pour une expérience de physique atomique visant à une mesure précise
d'un effet de violation de parité (PV) associé à l'échange du boson Zo
dans l'atome de césium. Une telle mesure permet un test à très basse énergie du
modèle standard électrofaible. Il s'agit d'une expérience pompe-sonde sur le
système 6S1/2-7S1/2-6P3/2, menée en régime impulsionnel, dans une
vapeur dense de césium (2.10^14 atomes/cm3), soumise à un champ
électrique E= (2kV/cm) statique à
l'échelle des impulsions laser.
Dans la configuration étudiée avant cette thèse (champ E appliqué selon
la direction de propagation des faisceaux) les cellules en saphir ont permis de
dépasser plusieurs limites rencontrées auparavant avec les cellules en verre:
(i) totale immunité des fenêtres aux conditions de l'expérience (ii)
destruction thermique des dimères Cs2 en surchauffant la vapeur (iii)
production désormais possible du champ E dans la cellule avec des
électrodes externes, attestant la réduction des courants surfaciques internes.
Il apparaît cependant une émission d'électrons par les fenêtres, induite par
l'impulsion laser d'excitation, et on met en évidence une multiplication des
charges au cours de leur accélération dans le champ électrique. Les
perturbations associées à la charge d'espace et au courant électronique
limitent actuellement la précision des moyennages PV dans cette configuration.
Nous avons ensuite exploré une nouvelle configuration expérimentale, où le
champ électrique est perpendiculaire aux faisceaux. Cela a été réalisable
facilement avec l'utilisation d'électrodes externes, exploitables avec les
cellules en saphir. Les premières études expérimentales ont permis de dégager
les conditions de mesure et de calibration d'orientations atomiques
longitudinale et transverse (en utilisant la précession de Larmor) dans l'état
7S, par polarimétrie pompe-sonde impulsionnelle, en exploitant la détection par
émission stimulée. Nous avons par ailleurs mis en oeuvre une mesure atomique
in situ du champ électrique, utilisable dans les deux configurations
expérimentales. Cette mesure est indispensable pour exploiter les mesures PV en
configuration longitudinale.
Michel, Renaud. "De l'aperception des rythmes à l'extension de l'horizon temporel chez l'enfant instable : pertinence et efficacité de la méthode de Communication Sonore Temporalisée appliquée à la prise en charge thérapeutique de 48 enfants instables et impulsifs, âgés de 6 à 13 ans, répondant pour la plupart aux critères du diagnostic "TDAH" (étude fondée sur 413 séances organisées entre sept. 2006 et déc.2009)." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H118.
Повний текст джерелаThe Temporalised Sound Communication method is adapted from a classical music therapy method. Its adaptation was achieved by taking into account the difficulties of children with behavioral disorders. Particular focus was put on the distortion of their relationship with time, in which immediacy prevails. The evolutions in the children's behavior were measured thanks to an observation grid based on the idea of a continuum between destructivity, conflict and creativity. Overall, the observations are based on 413 sessions involving 48 children with behavioral disorders, presenting severe impulsiveness, most of them matching the criteria of the ADHD syndrome. Two longitudinal evaluations were carried out, with results from the grid and from verbal tenses observed in the children's speech. The children's impulsiveness, their ability for information analysis (simultaneously, as well as sequentially) formed the basis for a test-retest evaluation. Test-retest differences were measured against the intensity of the therapy (frequency and number of sessions) for each child. The control of impulsiveness and the efficiency of sequential information analysis were very significantly improved. Besides, creative behaviors are closely related to past verbal tenses and to the opening of a temporal horizon in the children's speech. During the therapy, creative behaviors were used in a more and more independent and sustained way. Thus, the therapy helps these ADHD children gain a more flexible relation to time. This process involves looking at the succession of phenomena and developing the awareness of rhythms, which constitute the first means of communication in music therapy for these children
Langot, Pierre. "Etude femtoseconde de la thermalisation des porteurs libres dans l'arseniure de gallium." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EPXX0021.
Повний текст джерелаDacosta, Fernandes Benoit. "Etude des propriétés électroniques et vibrationnelles de nano-objets métalliques et hybrides par spectroscopie femtoseconde." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0047/document.
Повний текст джерелаElectronic and vibrational dynamics have been studied in metallic and hybrid nano-object using femtosecond timeresolved spectroscopy. The study of electron-lattice energy exchanges in two-dimensional metallic systems showed an acceleration of the energy transfer between electrons and phonons due to confinement. This acceleration is governed by the smallest dimension of the nano-objects (2D-silver nano triangles ) when it becomes smaller than 10 nm. We also studied the vibrational dynamics of metallic nanoparticles, bimetallic and metal-dielectric. We investigated the longitudinal and radial modes of vibration of gold bipyramids which depend on their size, and studied their evolution under silver deposition. A high sensitivity of periods and amplitudes for small deposition were demonstrated. Our work on the evolution of acoustic vibrations of core-shell nano-objects (silver-silica and goldsilica) allowed us to obtain information on the quality of mechanical contact at the metal-dielectric interface. Finally, we studied the electronic interactions in hybrid metal / semiconductor (ZnO-Ag) nano-systems, and especially the charge transfer and energy exchanges between the two components. We showed a strong influence of the environment on the electron dynamics of ZnO and proved the existence of an electron transfer, photoinduced by an infrared pulse, from the metal particle to the semiconductor conduction band
Camescasse, François-Xavier. "Etude femtoseconde de la relaxation des electrons dans les semiconducteurs en regime non-markovien." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EPXX0076.
Повний текст джерела