Дисертації з теми "Polymères sensibles à la température"
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Yin, Fang. "Copolymères multi-stimulables : effet de la composition et de la structure sur leurs propriétés en solution aqueuse." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOU30230.
Повний текст джерелаStimulable polymers have attracted a lot of interest in recent years due to their ability to respond macroscopically, rapidly and reversibly to changes in their local environment, opening the way to multiple promising applications (controlled drug release, modifiable interfaces...). The objective of this thesis is to study the effect of composition, molar mass, architecture, concentration of copolymers on their transformations in aqueous solution triggered by a change of temperature and/or pH (modified by addition of base/acid or by bubbling CO2/N2). In this thesis, we are interested in three families of block or random copolymers carrying functions whose states are modulated by temperature or pH changes: (1) thermosensitive poly((N-vinyl caprolactam)-stat-(N-vinylpyrrolidone)) (P(VCL-stat-VP)) copolymers, (2) thermosensitive poly((n-butylacrylate)-co-(N-isopropylacrylamide)) (P(BA-co-NIPAM)) copolymers with different structures and compositions (diblock, triblock and random) and (3) copolymers sensitive to both stimuli (temperature and pH/CO2): poly((N-isopropylacrylamide)-block-(N-,N-diethylamino ethyl acrylamide)) (PNIPAM-b-PDEAEAM). Their syntheses, carried out by RAFT polymerization, are presented in the manuscript. In addition, we studied the response induced by stimuli on macromolecular parameters of these (co)polymers in water such as the conformation of the chains in solution, the modification of hydrophilicity and/or the ionic charge distributed along the (co)polymer chain. These modifications resulted in the modulations of solubility and influenced the formation of self-assemblies or hydrogels. Thus, after an introduction on the state of the art on stimulable polymers under stimuli of temperature, pH and CO2, the stabilization of colloidal solutions of gold nanoparticles by P(VCL-stat-VP) copolymers with different compositions was the subject of chapter II. The catalytic properties of nanohybrids on the reduction by sodium borohydride of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol was studied. The behavior of P(BA-co-NIPAM) with different morphologies (statistical, diblock and triblock) in dilute and concentrated solution under temperature changes was studied and compared in chapter III. This enables to highlight the modification of molecular interactions near critical temperatures. The densities of the formed hydrogels were also compared and a higher density in the case of triblock structures was evidenced. The behavior of PNIPAM-b-PDEAEAM with different compositions in water under change of pH by addition of acid or base and by bubbling CO2/N2 was detailed presented in chapters IV and V respectively. The modifications of the cloud points induced by pH changes as well as the different characteristics of the objects formed were studied. These changes are related to the modifications of the conformations of the (co)polymer chains and the interactions between polymer chains and water at the molecular level
Varma, Siddhartha. "Brosses de polymères stimuli-sensibles pour le contrôle de l'adhésion cellulaire." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY057/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of the current Ph.D thesis was to design stimuli responsive polymer brushes in order to dynamic control cell-substrate adhesive interactions.For this purpose, Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) and Activators Regenerated by electron Transfer (ARGET)-ATRP were used in order to prepare thermo responsive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) brushes. Both the methods were applied under varying surface densities and polymerization times, and the kinetics of the brush growth using both the protocols was investigated. A well controlled chain growth was reported under ARGET-ATRP protocol, in contrast to the ATRP method. The above tested protocol was used to grow PNIPAM brushes that were patterned via deep UV photoablation strategy to design thermoresponsive patterned substrates for protein adsorption studies.The substrates showed excellent adhesive properties and reusability with long term storage capacity.The conformational changes of PNIPAM brushes, grown via the ARGET-ATRP protocol, were investigated using an original set-up based on Reflection Interference Contrast Microscopy (RICM). RICM allowed us to probe the optical response of the brushes as a function of their density profile, making it an interesting tool for brush characterization. The response of the brush was studied as a function of brush grafting density and chain length. The results provided a unique evidence for non-uniform structural changes within the brush thickness when the solvent temperature was varied across the Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST) of the polymer. RICM was employed to achieve the challenging task of estimating the molecular parameters of the brush and understanding the physical origin of the phenomenon of thermal hysteresis in a polymer brush.Stimuli Responsive Polymers, sensitive to non-invasive stimuli, were synthesized with an aim to address dynamic single cell adhesion studies at their physiological conditions. Free Radical Polymerization and ARGET-ATRP protocol were used to design two photo-thermo-responsive poly(DMA-AZAA) and poly(DMA-NIPAM-AZAAm) polymers. The conformational changes of the designed polymers were investigated at length by varying the overall composition of monomers in the system. The solutions of the DMA-NIPAM-AZAAm terpolymer showed a sharp phase separation at 37°C that could be reversibly switched under light irradiation, making it compatible for cell adhesion studies
Jarrousse, Gauthier. "Adhésion des polymères semi-cristallins entre leur température de transition vitreuse et leur température de fusion." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001099.
Повний текст джерелаXuan, Juan. "Étude de micelles de copolymères à blocs répondants à deux stimuli." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/90.
Повний текст джерелаCazenave, Marie-Noëlle. "Rhéologie de copolymères à blocs entrant dans la composition d'adhésifs thermofusibles sensibles à la pression." Pau, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PAUU2012.
Повний текст джерелаThe block copolymers are widely used to formulate auto-adhesives. They bring a good mechanical behaviour and they have aggressive tack. We have studied the rheological properties of three types of block copolymers (styrene, isoprene) with high diblock contents : lends of triblock/diblock, tetrablocks, radials. At room temperature, they exhibit a solid viscoelastic behaviour which is affected by their physico-chemical characteristics (molecular weight, diblock contents). Rheological and Small Angle Neutron Scattering experiments are well described. We have demonstrate that the diblock content is an important parameter to control the adhesive properties of the formulations in changing the organisation induces by the morphology of the diblock copolymer. The modelization describes with a good agreement the rheological behaviour of pure and formulated copolymers at room temperature and takes into account the diblock organisation. The model allows us to formulate virtual adhesives
Fertier-Prizzon, Stéphanie. "Caractérisation de polymères par chromatographie d'́adsorption liquide (LAC) à haute température." Pau, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PAUU3015.
Повний текст джерелаA chromatographic technique has been developed in order to characterize high temperature only soluble polymers. The chromatographic device, built from commercial units, is now reliable. It is an automated and easy to modulate device. The operating conditions for polyolefin fractionation have been determined on the basis of theoretical considerations (self-focusing process) as well as on practical considerations (experience is higt temperature chromatography and in room temperature LAC). These conditions could be easily adapted to other higt temperature soluble polymers (polyamides). Different types of polyolefins have been characterized. The fractionation of non polar polyolefins (polyethylenes, polypropylenes) is delicate and should be improved, but offers yet very interesting perspectives (study of copolymers based on propylene, of polyolefin blends) In the case of polar copolymers based on ethylene, higt temperature LAC allows the determination of the chemical composition distribution within a very short period of time (about 1 hour). This distribution cannot be obtained with other analytical techniques. Higt temperature LAC analysis can also differentiate a copolymer from a polymer blend. LAC - SEC cross fractionation at higt temperature allows a very fine analysis of polymers that can be used for the study of the synthesis - process - structure - properties relationship
Dasriaux, Marion. "Evolutions microstructurales du PEEK au-dessus de sa température de transition vitreuse lors de maintiens sous pression et température." Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00786016.
Повний текст джерелаBekri, Ghazi. "Détermination de la température d'un liquide polymère par fluorescence." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10228.
Повний текст джерелаDutriez, Cédric. "Corrélations entre les propriétés diélectriques et mécaniques des polymères : Influence de la température." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2004. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/cdutriez.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe study of the mechanical and dielectrical behaviour of polymers has shown some correlations. We have put in evidence these correlations in the case of polyethylene terephtalate by using a dielectric spectrometer and a pendulum of torsion. α and β relaxations are quite visible whatever is the kind of solicitation. However, activation energies are slightly different. The activation energy in the case of a dielectric solicitation is lower than in the case of a mechanical strain. The electron injection method upon the PET, using a modified scanning electron microscope, shows that results are very dependant of the sample temperature. Indeed, the quantity of electrical charges that are trapped inside the PET is correlated with the mechanical and dielectrical spectrometer at low frequencies (lower than 1Hz), against the temperature. This method has not shown any influence of the crystallinity of the material. Before making a model of the behaviour of the PET, we have made a model for alumina irradiated by an electron beam
Vieille, Laetitia. "Modifications microstructurales en température de la phase hydrocalumite et des dérivés hydrocalumite-polymères." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF22531.
Повний текст джерелаFiorido, Tomas. "Etude des capteurs polymères sur support souple : détection des gaz, de la lumière et de la température." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX30063.
Повний текст джерелаSannier, Lucas. "Mise au point d'un électrolyte gélifié pour accumulateurs au lithium fonctionnant à température ambiante." Amiens, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AMIE0311.
Повний текст джерелаSoisson, Arnaud. "Développement de polymères hydrophobes résistants à haute température pour l’encapsulation de module de puissance." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV024.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work is to develop new hydrophobicpolymeric materials for the protection of semi-conductorcomponents. These materials must withstand high temperature,strong electric fields and aggressive atmospheres such asmoisture. In this context, addition polyimides emerged as themost suitable polymers for the intended application. Thesynthesis of the encapsulant being made directly in the powermodules, it must be solvent free. Thus, we have developed newsolvent free synthesis routes of poly(aminobismaleimide)s andpoly(bismaleimide)s.First of all, different aliphatic diamines were used as a reactivesolvent in the synthesis of poly(aminobismaleimide)s to atemperature well below the melting point of the usedbismaleimide (m.p. > 300 °C). A first series of 3 newpoly(aminobismaleimide)s, crosslinked from 70 to 95 %, hasthus been made. From these first syntheses, 10 newpoly(aminobismaleimide)s have been developed. For 9 of them,aromatic diamines were used and, for the latter, a siloxanediamine. These results demonstrate that this process can begeneralized.Secondly, poly(bismaleimide)s were synthesized, still withoutany solvent. In order to do so, the syntheses of four newbismaleimides, liquid at room temperature, have beendeveloped. These compounds have an aliphatic or siloxanestructure in which a pyromellitic pattern has been or notintroduced. Their polymerization initiated with the suitable radicalinitiator leads to the formation of materials without the use of anysolvent.Depending on the choice of reagents, thermosetting materials orelastomers are obtained. These latter seem more suitable for thedesired application because, on one hand, the low viscosity ofthe reaction mixtures enables their application in a powermodule without any difficulty and, on the other hand, theirhydrophobic behaviour is stronger. One of them has aparticularly attractive thermal stability at 250 ° C and amechanical relaxation temperature almost out of the workingtemperature range. Therefore, this material may be used asencapsulant
Nguyen, Thi Hang Nga. "Conception et synthèse de polymères pour le domaine lubrifiants." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066763.
Повний текст джерелаControlling the viscosity of apolar solutions as a function of temperature is a key issue in many industrial applications, such as high performance lubricating oils. Here, we describe a new approach to control the viscosity of such formulations as a function of temperature. For that purpose, we designed two sets of functional copolymers that have temperature dependant solvent affinity as well as the ability to reversibly connect through the formation of dynamic covalent boronic ester bonds. Those macromolecules were synthesized by controlled radical polymerization, which allowed preparing random copolymers with adjustable molecular weight, solvent affinity, and functionality. Rheological studies of the linear viscoelasticity and flow behavior were conducted to exemplify the efficiency of these systems to control the viscosity of organic solutions as a function of temperature. By manipulating the composition and functionality of the copolymers it should be possible to precisely adjust the temperature for which the system will respond as well as the resulting viscosity
Djedour, Amel Safia. "Etude et caractérisation d'un nouveau polymère thermosensible : application à la formulation d'émulsions multiples sensibles au cisaillement par thermogélification." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA114815.
Повний текст джерелаA new multiple emulsion W/O/W stabilized by a thermosensitive polymer was prepared, allowing the preparation of fluid emulsion at ambient temperature, which gels when used (topical use). A new polymer was used, EG56®, which gels at low concentration and is weakly shear-thinning. The replacement of Abil® EM90 by Emulsifier 10 increases the release rates. The study of the interfacial rheology of the films allows the understanding of the healing phenomenon. The influence of the aqueous globules diameters on the release rates was also studied. The results show that the line of fracture of the globule passes by the less resistant way, crossing by the globule when it is large-sized, or by-passing it to get through the oily phase, when it is smaller. These results bring to light the complexity of the mechanisms of break up of the multiple globules, with the importance of the rheological interfacial and the adsorption properties of the lipophilic surfactant used, and the influence of the size of the internal aqueous globules on the release under shear
Cayla, Aurélie. "Élaboration de détecteurs souples de température : mise en oeuvre et caractérisation de multifilaments à base de polymères immiscibles chargés en nanotubes de carbone." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10086/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis study is a part of the European research project INTELTEX (“Intelligent multireactive textiles Integrating nano-filler based CPC-fiber”) of the Sixth Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development. The elaboration of a textile sensors is ensured by the incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in one or more polymers. The final goal of this work is to integrate in Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for fire-fighters, a new textile composite based on the use of innovative nanofillers enables them to be alerted at a critical elevation of the surrounding temperature. The realisation of this sensor requires the preparation of a biphasic Conductive Polymer Composite (CPC), where the two polymers have farther melting temperatures and one of which corresponds to the wished detection temperature. The CNT are introduced in the phase which is sensible to the temperature elevation (Polycaprolactone (PCL)) and protected by the second polymer whose melting temperature is higher (Polypropylene (PP)). For our application, an interpenetration of two phases (co-continuous morphology) and a selective localization of CNT in the PCL are privileged to obtain a good electrical conductivity. Once the development step of the biphasic conductive multifilament (by melt spinning) reached, the yarn is embedded in an instrumented woven structure, which permits to record the electrical signal. The presence of an effect of Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) allows the detection at the melting temperature of PCL (58°C). The firsts prototypes studied under conditions closer to the reality show the reproducibility so that very promising results
Ait-Ali, Imene Feriel. "Développement et intégration de microcapteurs de pH et de température dans des dispositifs microfluidiques polymères." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10003/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe plastics industry has been interested for some years in the possible convergence between microtechnologies and conventional polymer manufacturing (hot embossing and injection molding). In this context, this thesis aims at demonstrating the potential of a process based on microcontact printing in order to integrate metal based sensors in thermoplastic microfluidic devices shaped by hot embossing. For the mass production of thermoplastic devices, this approach appears more relevant than conventional photolithography. We chose to demonstrate this concept by investigating the integration of both a pH sensor and a temperature sensor in a thermoformed Cyclo Olefin Copolymer (COC) microfluidic system. Indeed, the measurement of these physicochemical parameters are extremely widespread in different applicative areas ranging from chemistry tobiology and medicine. For the pH sensor, we developed a pH-sensitive layer based on electrodeposited iridium oxide (IrOx) on Au. The influence of various parameters (plating solution and method , nature of the metal substrate and its method of preparation) on the pH response of these layers was studied. We were able to demonstrate that microcontact printing based on a passive approach is suitable for the preparation of pH sensors on a COC substrate with a sensitivity of -72 mV/pH and a 1 year lifetime. As regards the temperature sensor, the solution was to design a thermistor. Sensors were implemented with an approach based on active microcontact printing followed by electroless deposition of nickel (thickness varies between 0,2 and 5 μm) on polyimide. The drift of these sensors is too large for practical application. Finally, preliminary results presenting the integrating of these sensors in a fluidic microsystem are reported using an original configuration based on differential measurement of pH
Camelio, Philippe. "Corrélation structure-propriétés : le modèle EVM prédiction de la température de transition vitreuse de polymères amorphes." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX30109.
Повний текст джерелаTandjigora, Diénaba. "Etude des phénomènes d’adsorption et de désorption du trans-resvératrol sur polymères : études en réacteur fermé et sur colonne à lit fixe." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066735.
Повний текст джерелаResveratrol is a polyphenol produced by several plant species in response to a biotic or abiotic stress. This compound has been associated to the concept of French paradox, which reflects the reduction of heart diseases with red wine consumption. The resveratrol has several biological activities related to its antioxidant property. Because of this, the recovery of resveratrol from plant matrices is interesting, especially from wine which is an important dietary source. In this thesis, adsorption and desorption studies have been conducted on pure resveratrol solutions to evaluate the process feasibility. The results showed that polyamide 6. 6 has good adsorption capacity and allowed resveratrol recovery. Batch adsorption studies showed that the process follows an exothermic and physical multilayer adsorption. The solute is adsorbed via mono-sites and bi-sites hydrogen bonds. A desorption yield of 97% was obtained for 34 mL of a solvent containing 95% of ethanol at a temperature of 42°C. In addition, the process can be performed at room temperature and wine can be used without any further transformation. Finally, a preliminary study suggested an effective adsorption and rapid desorption using a fixed-bed column. The development of this technique will require further investigations
Ayche, Kenza. "Propriétés mécaniques et structurales d'encapsulants polymères utilisés en microélectronique : effet de la température et de l'humidité." Thesis, Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA1005/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe increasing number of mobile devices and the race to energy sobriety make the decrease of the size of microelectronic systems (MEMS) a major challenge. Today, Lithium micro batteries are currently the best solution for high-power-and-energy applications. Incorporate them into credit cards containing a screen or associate them to electronic sensors for the supervision is the challenge which raises international companies such as ST Microelectronics. However, these micro batteries contain some lithium metal which can be dangerous if the metallic lithium is in contact with water or humid air. In addition, the substance can spontaneously ignite in the contact of the humidity. So, in order to avoid the problems of safety, we absolutely have to protect the lithium contained in our micro batteries using an encapsulation layer. Polymeric encapsulation has the advantage, compared with other materials (ceramic, metal), to present a moderate cost of shaping and a low weight. However, such systems of encapsulation are today insufficient to guarantee a satisfactory life cycle of components. Indeed, in the presence of humidity or of a too important temperature variation, the mechanical assemblies can be weakened and engender an irreparable break. The objective of the thesis is therefore to realize and study the mechanical and structural behavior of assembly of thin layers of polymers and metals in temperature and humidity.Two types of polymers were selected for this project:1. Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), a commercial polymer widely used for its good barrier properties to water.2. A thermally and UV-crosslinkable acrylate oligomer synthesized in the IMMM
Yquel, Morgane. "Polymères de coordination à base de pyrazine : vers l'obtention de phases magnétiquement ordonnées à haute température." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0110.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is devoted to the synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) pyrazine-based magnetic coordination polymers with 3d metal cations. Such compounds are often paramagnetic or magnetically ordered at low temperature (below 77 K, the temperature of liquid nitrogen). In order to achieve magnetic ordering at high temperature (> 77 K), the redox-active bridging ligand pyrazine has been used. In the first chapter, fundamentals of magnetism useful for the reading of the thesis are introduced. After that, a bibliographic study about magnetic coordination polymers with high critical temperature, creation of organic radicals by post-synthetic reductions, properties of multifunctional porous magnetic materials, and 3D coordination polymers known as SIFSIXs is proposed. Chapters II and III are devoted to post-synthetic reduction of the 2D compounds Co(pyz)2Cl2 and Fe(pyz)2Cl2, leading to radical pyrazine and high temperature magnetic ordering. In chapter IV, three new 3D networks are described, among two showing antiferromagnetic phases at low temperature. Post-synthetic reduction has been tried on one of those to try to increase the critical temperature in which the compound is magnetically ordered
Khazaka, Rabih. "Étude du vieillissement de polymères isolants utilisés dans le packaging des modules de puissance haute température." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1454/.
Повний текст джерелаThe trend for integration and/or high ambient temperature operation of power electronics modules induces higher electrical and thermal stresses on their components. Based on a bibliographic study that allows evaluating different structures of packaging able to operate at high temperatures, thin dielectric layers are needed in order to insulate the different parts of the module. Therefore, the aim of this work was to define the potentiality of two dielectric polymers to operate at high temperatures (the first one is a polyimide BPDA-PDA and the second one is a fluorinated parylene PA-HT), and to be used as passivation layer for silicon carbide semiconductors or as dielectric layer between and on the metal frames. In order to reach the objective, characterizations of the dielectric properties up to 400 °C at the initial time (noted as t0) were performed. Then, the properties evolution (especially electrical ones) during the thermo-oxidative aging for temperature higher than 250 °C and long periods (several thousands of hours) were controlled periodically. At t0, the films show a good dielectric strength and the breakdown field remain higher than 2 MV/cm for the thicker tested films (8 µm). The DC conductivity show semi-resistive values for the BPDA-PDA between 300 °C and 400 °C and the values vary between resistive and semi-resistive ones for the PA-HT in the same temperature range. During the aging under N2, no degradation is observed up to 360 °C for BPDA-PDA polyimide. At 300 °C in air, stability of the breakdown voltage is observed when the BPDA-PDA is aged on Si substrate, while a slow degradation depending on the initial thicknesses is observed for films deposited on stainless steel substrate (S. S. ). This degradation, related to the oxygen presence in air, affect the surface layer and is thermally activated. The degradation appears also for BPDA-PDA on Si substrate at 360 °C in air. The PA-HT films were deposited on S. S. Substrates and aged in air at 300 °C, 340 °C and 360 °C. Results show the potentiality of the material for 300 °C application, with the occurring of cold crystallization that improves the low field dielectric properties. For the higher tested temperatures, thin films (5 µm) seem to be unsuitable for long periods applications and cannot pass 1000 hours at 360 °C. Hence, based on the initial dielectric properties and their evolution during the aging, the two polymers seems to be suitable for 300 °C applications. However, for higher temperatures (360 °C), the stability in air of the two materials, especially on the S. S. Substrate is not insured. Otherwise, solutions against the thermo-oxydative aging seem promising, and thermal treatments allowing the improvement of the electrical resistivity at the initial time are proposed
Balu-Després, Caroline. "Séparation de phase d'un polymère hydrosoluble et thermosensible : le poly[N-isopropylacrylamide]." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS0041.
Повний текст джерелаLes solutions de PNiPAm dans l'eau présentent le comportement singulier de températures de transition de phase Tpt décroissantes avec la concentration jusqu'à 40% de polymère. Lorsque T>Tpt, le système se sépare, formant des colloïdes riches en polymère, stables en solution dans une large gamme de concentrations et dont la taille dépend de la température et de la concentration. La stabilité des colloïdes provient de la présence de charges sur les particules de polymère neutre. L'ajout de sel dans le système entraîne, à partir d'un certain seuil de salinité, la déstabilisation des colloïdes et une séparation de phase macroscopique
Rebih, Fatima. "Etude sur modèles chimiques des mécanismes réactionnels prédominants et secondaires apparaissant à très haute température sur des séquences de polyaryléthercétones en présence de catalyseurs organométalliques." Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUES007.
Повний текст джерелаGorchkov, Dmitri. "Optimisation des performances de quelques micro-biocapteurs de type enfet : Utilisation de polymères pour la réalisation de membranes sensibles et additionnelles : Application à la détection de l'urée, de la pénicilline et des anions hypochlorites." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECDL0053.
Повний текст джерелаBen, Azouz Kaouther. "Relation entre propriétés rhéologiques et structure microscopique de dispersions de particules d'argile dans des dispersions de polymères." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00673467.
Повний текст джерелаSouahi, Abdelhalmid. "Étude de la plasticité des polymères amorphes au voisinage de la température de transition vitreuse : application au PMMA." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL130N.
Повний текст джерелаRoche, Soline. "Propriétés viscoélastiques et plastiques par nano-indentation de couches minces polymères solides : étude en température et en pression." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ECDL0013.
Повний текст джерелаThe topic of this study was to mechanically characterize in nanoindentation and nanoscratch thin polymers layers. The goal is to improve the understanding of thin polymer layer elastic behavior laid on hard substrate. Tests in nanoindentation and nanoscratch were done on thin polymer films laid on different substrates. A rheologic model was used in order to extract the film elastic properties from the measured value linked to {film+substrate}. A specific behavior of thin polymer film has been identified: the anvil effect. In indentation, it is observed in two different ways : increase of the conservation film modulus with the hardness, linked to the film hardening, and decrease of the loss tangent with the hardness, which is explained by increasing the vitreous transition temperature. In scratch test, this effect is related to the increase of the film mechanical properties. Nanoindentation tests have highlighted residual stresses, mainly thermal driven. A new methodology to characterize those residual stresses for a thin polymer film was presented. An interpretation of the anvil effect is proposed. This effect is linked to thin layer pressurized, confined between diamond indenter and hard substrate. Its mechanical properties grow with hydrostatic pressure. This phenomenon is greater for thin layers (< 50μm) with lower mechanical properties than those of the substrate. A logarithmic type evolution law is proposed. A temperature study show isothermal curves of the conservation modulus with the pressure are shifted. The anvil effect can be described by a unic curve, applying additive constants determined at a given reference temperature. It is the same for the film loss tangent. Moreover, the consequences of the anvil effect on the use properties of polymer coating are analyzed: scratch resistance and the adhesion to substrate. A fundamental application of thin film was studied multilayer coatings. It seems that anvil effect is a phenomenon to consider for improvement of mono or multilayer coating scratch resistance. The results obtained on thin layers allow to choose two mix of basecoat and topcoat in order to have an improved bilayer. We have demonstrated that a basecoat between the topcoat and the hard substrate allow an improved scratch resistance of the final coating
Renvoise, Julien. "Rhéologie et pelage sur substrat viscoélastique : application aux adhésifs à usage médical." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU3047.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with the study of the viscoelastic and adherence properties of pressure sensitive adhesive formulations dedicated to medical applications. We have developed a specific viscoelastic substrate to measure the adherence properties of PSAs which mimics adhesion on human skin. We describe several experiments dedicated to a better understanding of adhesion on viscoelastic substrates and compared with the case of human skin (in-vivo experiments). We have studied different model adhesive formulations based on real medical formulations and we have related the rheological behaviour to the adherence properties obtained on different substrates in order to study the various specific effects due to the viscoelasticity of soft substrates. We propose from this study a failure criterion which allows deriving a reasonable estimate of the peeling transition rate from cohesive to interfacial or stick-slip failure. We have also developed an original and specific test to evaluate the evolution of the rheological and adherence properties of the adhesives during the absorption of wound secretions as well as sweat
Barrioulet, Marie-Pierre. "Apport de la haute température à l'analyse de composés pharmaceutiques par chromatographie en phase liquide à ltrès haute pression." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10274.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work is to improve the analysis of pharmaceutical compounds, well-known difficult. New techniques, high temperature liquid chromtatography (HTLC) and high pressure liquid chromatography (UPLC) are used. These techniques present many advantages. High-pressure (1000 bars) allows to obtain ultrafast separations. High temperature can also allow to decrease analysis time. It leads, besides, to the improvement of peaks shape of basic compounds, to the increase of their efficiency and to the variations of selectivity. These advantages are illustrated by applications of separations of medicines. Chromatographic systems, defined by a stationary phase, a mobile phase and a temperature, are compared in term of asymmetry, selectivity and peak capacity. These studies have for objective to compare the performances of various columns based of silica, zirconium, carbon and organic polymer according to the pH of the mobile phase and the temperature
Saidani, Hafedh. "Influence des paramètres procédés sur les performances des membranes polymères de nanofiltration." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20151.
Повний текст джерелаThe applications of nanofiltration (NF) in the water treatment and industrials effluents are in a continuous development. The influence of the process parameters on the performances of the NF membranes is a special concern. The present work shows the influence of the temperature and the pH of a feed solution containing neutral and charged solutes on the permeability and the retention capacity of the several polymeric commercial NF membranes. The results show that the studied parameters have a considerable influence on the performance of NF. Characterization studies were also done to determine the relationship between physicochemical properties and the membrane performances. The parameters that affect the most NF operation: the glass transition temperature of the thin active layer and membrane charge density
Zhang, Hu. "Étude de nouveaux polymères thermosensibles en solution aqueuse et de leur changement de solubilité induit par le pH." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8740.
Повний текст джерелаAbstract: Stimuli-responsive polymers that undergo dramatic chemical or physical changes in response to external stimuli have attracted a great deal of attention from both fundamental and applied points of view. Among them, polymers sensitive to change in temperature have been particularly the focus of much research and development effort, because temperature change is a stimulus that can readily be applied in a reversible and non-invasive manner and spontaneous temperature fluctuations occur in biological environment. Moreover, many thermosensitive polymers can also respond to other stimuli such as light, magnetic field and pH. Such dual- or multi-stimuli-responsive polymers are particularly interesting for practical applications, especially in the biological area since biological systems can selectively respond to multiple environmental changes rather than a single stimulus. The research conducted in this thesis deals with the development of novel thermoresponsive polymers in aqueous solution and the study of their solubility control by both temperature and pH change. Thermoresponsive polymers in aqueous solution can display either a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) or upper critical solution temperature (UCST). Basically, for LCST polymers, they are soluble at temperatures below LCST but become insoluble above LCST, while UCST polymers exhibit a reversed thermosensitivity by being soluble in water at temperatures above UCST and insoluble below the phase separation temperature. Until now, most studies have been dedicated to LCST polymers, and UCST polymers have much less been investigated because they are not as easily accessible as their LCST counterparts. These two types of thermosensitive polymers have been studied in this thesis. In addition to the design, synthesis and characterization of novel polymers, especially UCST systems, a main objective of the thesis is to explore the effect of pH on LCST or UCST in order to develop polymers whose water solubility can be switched, between soluble and insoluble state, by a change in pH at a constant solution temperature. In the first project, in order to increase the magnitude of pH-triggered LCST shift, a new comonomer bearing an acrylic acid and a benzoic acid group of similar pKa in the structure was designed and synthesized, namely, 4-((2-carboxyallyl)oxy)benzoic acid (CBA). With respect to comonomers containing a single acid group, this particular comonomer structure makes it more hydrophobic in the protonated state (pH < pKa) due to the phenyl group and more hydrophilic in the deprotonated state (pH > pKa) due to the double charge. The efficiency of this design has been demonstrated by using CBA as a comonomer to polymerize with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) to obtain a copolymer P(NIPAM-co-CBA). The cloud point measurements showed large and reversible shift of LCST upon pH change, confirming the comonomer design principle as a useful strategy for enhancing the efficiency and sensitivity of the pH-responsiveness of LCST polymers. In the second project, our studies found that the random copolymer of poly(acrylamide-co-acrylonitrile) (P(AAm-co-AN)) synthesized using the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) method can display a sharp and stable UCST in aqueous solution. We showed that this polymer can then be utilized as macromolecular chain transfer agent (macro-CTA) to grow a second polymer of choice for block copolymer (BCP) synthesis. Three representative diblock copolymers were synthesized with the second block being either hydrophobic polystyrene (PS) or hydrophilic poly(dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA) or poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) displaying a LCST. The three BCPs of different designs can all exhibit thermally induced changes as dictated by the UCST of the P(AAm-co-AN) block, in a reversible and robust way in both pure water and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Their self-assembled structures exhibit a variety of behaviors such as the reversible dispersion-aggregation of micelles, dissolution-formation of micelles, and reversal of micelle core and corona. Our obtained results point out that P(AAm-co-AN) is a robust UCST polymer that can be introduced into controlled polymer architectures producible by RAFT, much the same way as using the extensively studied LCST counterparts like poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). This possibility makes the door wide open to exploring new thermosensitive polymers based on the thermosensitivity opposite to the LCST. Even a few charged groups in UCST polymers may affect greatly the phase separation temperature due to a small solution enthalpy change associated with the process. This property has been exploited in the third project to develop ultrasensitive pH-induced solubility switch. To render the UCST polymer P(AAm-co-AN) sensitive to pH, either acrylic acid (AAc) or 4-vinyl pyridine (4VP) comonomer units were introduced into P(AAm-co-AN) resulting in P(AAm-co-AN-co-AAc) or P(AAm-co-AN-co-4VP). The results found a large increase or decrease of the cloud point over a small change of pH. In particular, one P(AAm-co-AN-co-4VP) sample could exhibit a 57 oC cloud point shift over 0.25 pH unit, and its transition from soluble to insoluble state at room temperature can be visually observed over a pH change as little as 0.05 unit. To demonstrate possible applications, an ABA-type triblock copolymer was synthesized using this sample as macro-CTA to polymerize water-soluble dimethylacrylamide (DMA), giving rise to P(AAm-co-AN-co-4VP)-b-PDMA-b-P(AAm-co-AN-co-4VP). At 37 oC, the micelle of this triblock copolymer could be stable from pH 7.00 down to 4.75, but abruptly disassembled at 4.50, implying the possibility of drug release triggered by a slight pH change. This study demonstrates the potential of developing UCST polymers and their assemblies that can undergo ultrasensitive pH-controlled water solubility switch and thus offer new possibilities for applications.
Siband, Elodie. "Associations macromoléculaires en solution et aux interfaces : stimulation et ciblage par le pH et la température." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00584947.
Повний текст джерелаRibierre, Jean-Charles. "Etude corrélée des propriétés rhéologiques diélectriques et optiques non-linéaires de polymères photoréfractifs à basse température de transition vitreuse." Strasbourg 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13029.
Повний текст джерелаKoo, Min. "Effets de température dans les procédés de gravure plasma : Aspects fondamentaux et applications." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00355029.
Повний текст джерелаHervé, Mélanie. "Polymères greffés thermoassociatifs : de l'organisation en solution aux propriétés macroscopiques." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066180.
Повний текст джерелаFederico, Carlos. "Effets couplés de la température et de la vitesse de déformation sur le comportement mécanique non-linéaire des polymères amorphes : Caractérisation expérimentale et modélisation de la superposition vitesse de déformation-température." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM009/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe present PhD thesis proposes a simplified and accurate strategy for characterising and modelling the mechanical behaviour of amorphous polymers from the quasi-fluid state up to the solid state.The study was carried out on PMMAs with different molar masses and crosslinking degree.First, we addressed the mechanical behaviour in the linear viscoelastic domain using DMTA and rheological tests. Results showed that increasing the molar mas and crosslinking degree increased the elastic and loss moduli as the α-transition. In parallel, using the time-temperature superposition principle allowed determining “equivalent strain rates at reference temperature”.Then, we performed uniaxial tensile and shear uploading-unloading tests at high temperature and coupled with DIC, to characterise the mechanical behaviour at large strain. Additionally, strain rate and temperature effects were coupled by means of the “equivalent strain rate at reference temperature” extracted from observations in the linear domain. Results showed that targeting the same equivalent strain rate lead to the same stress-strain curves, i.e. same mechanical response. This allows reducing the number of experimental tests needed to characterise the mechanical behaviour of amorphous polymers.Finally, a constitutive modelling based in a thermodynamics framework, was used to reproduce the mechanical response of the PMMAs at large deformation. The model presented a good agreement with the experimental data, being able to reproduce viscoelastoplastic, viscoelastic, hyperelastic and viscohyperelastic behaviours for cyclic loading tensile
Villain, Franck. "Etude de l'origine de l'acétaldéhyde présent dans le poly(téréphtalate d'ethylène glycol) soumis à hautes températures." Rouen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ROUES054.
Повний текст джерелаBarthes, Julien. "Revêtements surfaciques à base de polymères et de composants naturels : applications à la mise au point de surfaces mécano-sensibles et de substrats cellulaires nourriciers." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAE018/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD work is about designing surface coatings with polymers and natural compounds. In the first project, mechanosensitive surfaces have been developed for drug release applications. Polyelectrolyte multilayer films have been designed with i) one reservoir strata for the loading of a bioactive molecule, paclitaxel, and ii) one mechanosensitive barrier strata on top of the reservoir to confine the molecule. When a mechanical stretch is applied on the structure, the barrier becomes permeable and enables the diffusion of an enzyme within the film.This enzyme degrades the reservoir strata and triggers the release of paclitaxel. In a second project, ECM-mimicking feeder substrate has been developed with crosslinked gelatin thin films. These films can be loaded with: i) growth factors to prevent any further addition of these compounds in the culture medium; ii) nanoparticles to modulate mechanical properties of the substrate; iii) antimicrobial agents to ensure sterility during cell culture experiments. Finally, these substrates have some biochemical and biophysical tunable properties that enable the precise control of cell microenvironment
Nguyen, Ngoc Tuan. "Mesure et modélisation des propriétés acoustiques des matériaux polymères et piézo-électriques : application à la réalisation de transducteurs ultrasonores haute température." Tours, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOUR3301.
Повний текст джерелаPierre, Christophe. "Etude de systèmes solides multiphasés issus de la valorisation énergétique de déchets urbains." Toulon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUL0011.
Повний текст джерелаL'étude comporte cinq parties : l)La caractérisation des résidus met en évidence l'existence de trois fractions distinctes selon leur solubilité : une fraction composée de chlorures et d'hydroxydes, une autre composée de carbonate et de sulfate de calcium, une autre composée de silice, de silicates et silico-alumînates de calcium, cristallisés et/ou amorphes. 2)Comparaison de quatre échantillons après différents traitements des fumées. Par DRX, le carbonate de calcium est caractérisé. L'analyse des profils de raies de diffraction permet de classer ces résidus en reliant paramètre de distorsion et origine. 3) Analyse par MEB couplée à un analyseur X des échantillons. La morphologie est liée à l'histoire des échantillons. Des réactions solideNsolide et la diffusion d'éléments au sein de grains sont mises en évidence. 4)Etude à l'aide du MET. L'analyseur X couplé à la diffraction électronique permet d'identifier des phases cristallisées ou amorphes à l'échelle nanométrique. Des inclusions de métaux lourds cristallisés au sein de verres a base de silicates sont détectées. 5)La spectroscopie d'impédance complexe (SIC) est utilisée pour caractériser les mobilités ioniques et les réactions chimiques dans ces milieux multiphasés. Les variations de conductïviîé et d'énergie d'activation observées dans des domaines de température sont corrélées aux évolutions thermiques observées en ATD/TG. L'évolution chimique de composites résidus-polymère est étudiée. La SIC met en évidence une fraction critique de résidus au-delà de laquelle des évolutions néfastes sont attendues. La connectivité et la conductiviîé ionique globale du résidu, sensibles au taux d'hydratation, sont déterminées. L'étude de l'hydratation de ces composites montre l'importance de la fraction volumique en résidus pour laquelle il y a « percolation électrique » et amplification de la vitesse d'hydratation. L'élaboration de composites est une technique de stabilisation peu onéreuse et d'intérêt industriel
Deverge, Mickael. "Propriétés mécaniques et rhéologiques des mousses de polymères réticulés." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133963.
Повний текст джерелаDiverses méthodes ont été développées afin de caractériser ces matériaux, en particulier leur domaine linéaire, zone privilégiée pour l'absorption acoustique et la détermination des paramètres mécaniques courants. Cependant ces caractérisations restent souvent limitées à une faible plage fréquentielle. Une première étude présente ici le comportement linéaire sur une large gamme de fréquences grâce à l'application du principe de Superposition Temps-Température (TTS). L'utilisation du TTS sur une famille de mousses obtenues avec le même polymère, de même densité, mais dont la taille des pores est différente, met en évidence deux aspects importants: seulement 3 % du squelette solide participe à la transmission de la contrainte, et le module élastique à fréquence nulle décroît avec la taille des pores.
Les mousses de polymères sont certes souvent utilisées dans leur domaine linéaire, mais leur comportement mécanique diffère à de plus forts niveaux de déformation. Les courbes en contrainte-déformation présentent un comportement en hystérésis, avec trois zones de comportement distinctes (linéaire, flambement et densification). Il existe d'autres phénomènes en hystérésis qui ont été plus simplement modélisés, par exemple à l'aide de la théorie de Preisach-Krasnoselskii-Mayergoyz (PKM) issue du magnétisme. Une seconde partie de ce travail présente une nouvelle extension de cette théorie PKM aux mousses de polymères réticulés à cellules ouvertes, soumises à de grandes déformations: nous pouvons ainsi modéliser l'hystérésis observée expérimentalement, à partir d'une distribution d'hysterons microscopiques contenus dans un espace de Preisach-Mayergoyz.
Dans une troisième partie, l'influence de l'histoire passée des contraintes sur la mesure des paramètres mécaniques d'une mousse est étudiée, et plus particulièrement la rhéologie de ces mousses dans le cadre de la relaxation de compression, en distinguant deux mécanismes, l'un en zone linéaire de chargement et l'autre en dehors. Liée à l'histoire des contraintes passées, ce second mécanisme de relaxation permet la réduction des contraintes par réarrangement topologique des poutres de la mousse.
Cozonac, Dorin. "Conception d'une machine asynchrone haute température." Thesis, Artois, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ARTO0209/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe windings that are currently used in electrical machines are mostly insulated based on organic insulation. The temperature limit of these windings is up to 240°C. Increasing the working temperature of electrical motors means, indirectly the increasing of current density on the main conductors. Therefore these new motors may provide a higher mass and volume power as classical machines. Furthermore, the magnetic materials can work up to 800 °C. Indeed, in reality technical limit today is the wire insulation. The objective of thesis is to define a theoretical approach combined with experimental validations for identify the appropriate electrical materials used on high-temperature electrical machines. Design is fixed around the winding, that will implemented by calculating a high-temperature asynchronous machine (400°C of windings). The windings are placed as the base of machine design and will determine the geometrical shape and properties of magnetic core
Le, Grand Arnaud. "Etude de la dynamique de différents liquides surfondus par diffusion de la lumière à température et pression variables." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077148.
Повний текст джерелаMasclaux, Celine. "Etude de la structuration spontanée de films polymères en nano-impression thermique." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770169.
Повний текст джерелаDurand-Gasselin, Céline. "Assemblages réversibles de nanoparticules d'or en solution induits par des polymères thermosensibles." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00662431.
Повний текст джерелаMasclaux, Céline. "Etude de la structuration spontanée de films polymères en nano-impression thermique." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENT034/document.
Повний текст джерелаNanoImprint lithography by spontaneous polymer destabilization is an alternative toThermal NanoImprint, which limits physical contact between polymer and mold surfaces.The purpose of this thesis is to investigate this spontaneous destabilization and to work out ifit can lead to the formation of nanostructures by duplicating positively a structured mold.This process is in particular affected by temperature or electric field present at mold - air -polymer interfaces and by the distance d between the structures of the mold and the polymersurface.The studies of this thesis were focused on the influence of these process parameters. Itwas shown that the structuration depends more of charges’ effect than temperature, since thepolymer can creep. We highlighted the following scenario of structuration: a positiveduplication appears first and is followed, in some cases, by the filling of the mold cavitiesleading to a negative duplication. A theoretical model was used to calculate the mostfavorable destabilization wavelength, and a comparison with experimental results helped toexplain why and under which circumstances the final structuration is positive or negative. Aninvestigation was performed on the spontaneous destabilization of flexible substrate but thebigger thickness of flexible films led to a destabilisation with a wide wavelength and so tothe filling of molds’ cavities
Zarrouki, Arthur. "Synthèse de polymères à base d'éthylène pour additiver les carburants." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1039.
Повний текст джерелаThe additivation of diesel fuels allows operating engines at low temperatures without filter blocking and thus fulfilling legal requirements. Ethylene based copolymers such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, made by free radical polymerization at high pressure (above 2000 bars) and high temperature (above 200 °C) are frequently used as middle distillate cold flow improvers (MDFI). A new free radical copolymerization process of ethylene and vinyl acetate in organic solvent media has been developed. This process gives access to polymers close to commercial MDFI additives under tremendous less drastic conditions (under 250 bars of ethylene and 70 °C). Thanks to this process, a wide diversity (variation of the nature of the polar unit, of polymer architecture…) of ethylene based polymers was obtained. Moreover, EVA model copolymers have been synthesized by metathesis. Thanks to these numerous and diverse ethylene based polymers combined with thermal analysis and X-ray scattering studies a better understanding of the operating mode of these additives in a diesel fuel has been achieved. The structural characteristics of the polymers enabling their effectiveness as diesel fuel cold flow improvers have also been established
Picton, Luc. "Propriétés en solution aqueuse d'éthers cellulosiques associatifs. Influence des cosolutés et de la température : conséquences rhéologiques." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES047.
Повний текст джерелаYvenou, Etienne. "Développement de modules thermoélectriques imprimés et flexibles pour des applications à température ambiante." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI071/document.
Повний текст джерелаThermoelectricity can convert directly and reversibly a heat flux into an electric current with p and n-type semiconductors. Conjugated polymers, such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxithiophene) (PEDOT), offers an alternative to the best room temperature thermoelectric materials based on bismuth telluride alloys which used scarce, hazardous and hard to process raw materials.This PhD work aims to enhance the electrical conductivity of an in-situ polymerised PEDOT and make it easy to process with large scale printing techniques like spray-coating.The first part focus on the optimisation of this synthetized PEDOT through spin-coating. The doping of this PEDOT is stabilised with the counter-ion trifluoromethanesulfonate (OTf-). One way of enhancement is to add co-solvents like pyridine and NMP in order to slow down the polymerisation rate. Consequently, PEDOT:OTf get a better structure and reach an outstanding electrical conductivity of 3,600 S.cm-1 without decreased the Seebeck coefficient which remains around 20 µv.K-1.The second part studies pro and cons of the ultrasonic spray as a coating technic to this enhanced PEDOT:OTf. This technic allows to keep an ink formulation closed of the spin-coating one and can print thick films (~ 1 µm) with an electrical conductivity above 1650 S.cm-1. XRD and transport measurements are achieved in order to understand and compare both spray and spin-coating techniques. And therefore, to enlighten improvement on formulation and process.At last, several examples of spray-coated thermoelectric generators are shown and tested. Thus by printing more than 300 thermocouples connected in series and rolled into a cylinder, such devices could produce 1 µW with a gradient of temperature of 35 °C on a surface less than a 5 cm2 (size of a coin).This thesis work wishes to provide insight on the process-electrical relationship in conducting polymers